土木工程专业英语期末题库二
土木工程专业英语2
Sentence translation
【句9】While tall buildings constructed of steel had an early start, development of tall building of reinforced concrete progressed at a fast enough rate to provide a competitive challenge to structural steel systems for both office and apartment buildings.
【译】只有当突出地面的建筑物的所有柱构件能够彼此连接使整 个建筑物成为一个空心筒体或一个劲性箱体时，一幢高层建筑的 整个结构在强度和刚度，抵御风荷载方面才能最有效。
Sentence translation
【句7】The exterior columns of a building can be spaced reasonably far apart and yet be made to work together as a tube by connecting them with diagonal members intersecting at the center line of the columns and beams.
【译】建筑物的外柱可以被适当的分隔，但却仍能作 为一个筒体共同工作，这个筒体是通过在梁柱中线处 连接交叉对角构件构成的。
Sentence translation
土木工程专业英语
3、This force prevents the cracks from developing by eliminating or considerably reducing the tensile stress at the critical midspan and support sections at service load, thereby raising the bending, shear, and torsional capacities of the sections.这个力能消除或大大减少使用荷载在跨中及支座等临界面处产生的拉应力，阻止裂缝出现，从而提高截面的抗弯、抗剪和抗扭的能力。
11、the allowable stress intensities are chosen in accordance with the concept that the stress or strain corresponding to the yield point of the material should not be exceeded at the most highly stressed points of the structure.允许应力强度是按照如下原则选择的，在构件的最大受力点处的应力和应变不能超过相应的材料的屈服点。
土木专业英语Unit 2
Unit 2Performance Criteria and Manage ment工作准则和管理Civil engineering is that field of engineering concerned with planning, design, and construction for environmental control, natural resource development, transportation facilities, tunnels, buildings, bridges, and other structures for the needs of people. Persons who are qualified by education and experience and who meet state requirements for practicing the profession of civil engineering are called civil engineers.土木工程包括计划、设计、建造环境监控、自然资源、运输、隧道、建筑、桥梁及其他结构以满足人类的需求。
土木工程师指那些那些受过专业教育、具有一定经验，具备从事土木行业要求的人。
Performance Criteria for Civil Engineers土木工程师的工作准则As professionals, civil engineers should conform to the following canons as they perform their duties:作为一名土木工程师，应将以下几方面作为工作准则：(1)Hold paramount the safety, health, and welfare of the public. (This also implies a commitment to conservation of energy and improvement of the environment, to enhance the quality of life.)（1）将公共安全、健康及财产作为首要考虑因素。
土木工程给排水环境工程专业英语翻译题库
2.翻译句子：Lesson 1.土木工程Civil engineers in this field oversee the construction of a project from beginning to end.这一领域的工程师要监督一个项目从开始到结束的整个施工过程。
Those engaged in this area of civil engineering may plan and develop communities within a city, or entire cities.该领域的工程师从事规划小区或者一个完整的城市。
These civil engineers coordinate planning of public works along with private development. They evaluate the kinds of facilities needed, including streets and highways, public transportation systems, airports, port facilities, water-supply and wastewater-disposal systems, public buildings, parks, and recreational and other facilities to ensure social and economic as well as environmental well-being.规划工程师协调公共工程和私有设施的发展。
他们评估各种设施的需求，包括街道和公路、公共运输系统，机场、港口、供水排水系统，公共建筑，公园、娱乐设施等，以保证社会、经济和环境的协调发展。
The civil engineer-manager combines technical knowledge with an ability to organize and coordinate worker power, materials, machinery, and money.管理工程师将技术和组织协调劳动力、材料、机械设备、资金的能力结合起来。
辽宁工程技术大学 专业英语 期末考试试题及参考答案
辽宁工程技术大学20 级专升本(土木工程专业)第二学期《专业英语》试卷(A)题号一二三总分得分I .单项选择:(2*20)1. I used to ____at 6:30, but now I get used to_____at 7:00.a. got up, getting upb. gets up, getting upc. getting up get upd. get up, getting up2. _____many difficulties, they still went on with their experiment.a. Face b Faced c. Facing with d. Faced with3. It was in 1492 _____ Columbus discovered America.a. thatb. whenc. the timed. whom4. Vickie had most probably ____ her for her twin sister.a. regardedb. mistakenc. looked ond. considered5.It is the boy’s laziness that ______his failure in the exams.a. resulted inb. resulted fromc. brought ind. led into6. Rain does not ___ bring down the temperature.a. necessarilyb. certainlyc. undoubtedlyd. completely7. One of his many faults is that he never___.anything very long.a. decides onb. sticks toc. goes overd. make sure8. It was not a serious accident: the car needs only some______ repairs.a. majorb. minorc. primaryd. secondary9. The train arrived one hour behind______ .a. planb. timetablec. scheduled. date10. Be sure to______your work at the end of the exam.a. set asideb. hang upc. look overd. catch sight of11. How we_____ a chance to visit your country!.a. longed forb. looked forc. waited ford.went for12. Scientists didn’t know much about lung cancer_____ .a. before longb. long beforec. until recentlyd.very soon13. _____you keep trying, you will certainly succeeded. a. As b. Because c. As long as d. No matter how14. To my ______, this guy is a good-for-nothing.a. heartb. mindc. thoughtd. thinking15. The boys would rather the basketball match _____ next match.a. took placeb. has taken placec. take placed. should take place16. It is____ to run into danger for nothing.a. childlikeb. childhoodc. childishd. childishly17. They do not allow_____ in this classroom.a. smoking b . to smoke c. smoked d. being smoked18. The winner vacation_____ over, he got down to his work again.a. wasb. had beenc. wered. being19. They can’t help ______of their daughter.a. thinkb. thinkingc. to thinkd. thought20. It is necessary that he_______ for Beijing right now.c. will leave.d. leftII. 选词填空:(2*15)absolutely entire service reveal luxury share introduceget rid of prefer catch up client ban profound go in forconcerning1. They make _____ use of their computers.2. He is ______ wrong.3. She doesn’t have very high standards of_____.4. Young people should never simply _____ material comforts.5. He ______his close friend to me.6. He was jailed for _____ secrets to the Japanese.7. I am very _____about her examination.8. We had a______ lesson in children education yesterday.9. You will have to work harder to _____ with the top students in your class.10. You are supposed to _____ carelessness.11. For him, it would be a _____ to be able to have a day off work.12. I should ______ you not to stay there too long.13. Swimming is_____in this lake.14. We always aim to give our____ personal attention.15. Bill and John ______the work equally between them.III. 翻译: (3*10)汉译英：1.依我看，你完全错了。
土木工程专业英语课后题答案汇编
英译汉Lesson One Sandcrete is a yellow-white building material made from Portland cement and sand in a ratio of circa 1:8.It is the main building material for walls of single-storey buildings (such as houses and schools)in countries such as Ghana and Nigeria. Measured strengths fo commercially available Sandcrete blocks in Nigeria were found to be between 0.5 and 1 N/mm2,which is well below the 3.5 N/mm2that is legally required there. This may be due to the need of the manufacturers to keep the price low,and since the main cost-factor is the Portland cement, they reduce that, which results in a block that starts behaving more like loose sand.翻译：sandcrete是黄白色建筑材料制成的波特兰水泥和沙子的比例大约1:8.it是主要的建筑墙体材料的单层建筑（如房屋和学校）在加纳和尼日利亚等国家。
测量优势的商用sandcrete块在尼日利亚被发现之间的0.5和1牛顿/毫米，这是远远低于3.5牛顿/毫米，是法律所要求的有。
这可能是由于需要的厂家保持价格低，因为主要cost-factor是波特兰水泥，他们减少，从而在一块，开始表现得更像松砂。
土木工程专业英语Lesson 2 Building and Architecture
in……sense 在……意义上说 in all senses 在任何意义上说 in the proper (strict, literal) sense 在本来（严格、字面） 的意义上说
This art includes，in addition to buildings，all the civil engineering structures such as dams，canals，tunnels， aqueducts，and bridges．
An apartment building，an office building，and a school differ in form because of the difference in the functions they fulfill．
一幢公寓，一座办公楼和一所学校在结构形式上各有不 同，因为它们要实现的功能是不一样的。
office building
school
In an apartment building every habitable space，such as living rooms and bedroo while bathrooms and kitchens can have artificial light and therefore can be in the interior of the building． 在公寓里面，每一处居住的空间，比如起居室和卧室必须有 从窗户进来的自然光，而浴室和厨房则可以用人工光线，因 此可以布置在建筑的内部。
Low-cost housing project
A prestige office building will be more generously budgeted form than other office buildings．
土木工程专业英语课后答案
土木工程专业英语课后答案Unite 22、Translate the following phrases into Chinese /English .（1）cross section 截面（2）bending moment 弯矩（3）live load 活载（4）force due to gravity 重力（5）building code 建筑规范（6）functional design 功能设计（7）nonstructural components 非结构构件（8）Nonprofit organization非赢利组织（9）the Uniform Building Code统一建筑规范（10）the Standard Building Code标准建筑规范3、Translate the following sentence into Chinese.（1）The structural design of buildings ,whether of structural steel(结构钢) or reinforced concrete(钢筋混凝土),requires the determination of the overall proportions(整体比例) and dimensions of the supporting framework(支撑结构) and the selection of the cross sections of individual members.建筑的结构设计，不论是用结构钢还是用钢筋混凝土材料，都要决定其整体比例和支撑结构的大小，以及选择单个构件的截面尺寸。
（2）The architect decides how the building should look; the engineer must make sure that it doesn’t fall down.建筑师决定建筑物的外观，结构工程师必须保证它不会倒塌。
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《土木工程专业英语》考点提炼二
一、词汇汉译英
1.初步设计：preliminary design ：
2.屈服强度：yield strength
3.水灰比：water-to-cement ratio
4.空气调节：air conditioning
5.园艺：horticultural
6.承重墙：bearing wall
7.管道；沟渠：conduit
8.骨架：framework
9.有限的；临界的：terminate
10.分层：stratification
二、词汇英译汉
1.Residential:住宅
2.high-rise building:高层建筑
3.boundary:界限
4.refuse disposal:垃圾处理
5.sedimentation:沉降
6.reinforced concrete:钢筋混凝土
7.construction management:工程管理
8.refuse disposal：垃圾处理
9.water treatment and disposal：水处理
10.Air-pollution control：空气污染控制
三、句子英译汉
1、The superstructure is that part of a building above ground, and the substructure and foundation,is that part of a building below ground.
上部结构是建筑物在地面上的部分 , 而下部结构以及基础是建筑物的地下部分。
2、Good planning guides the visitor to his destination in the structure and impresses him，perhaps subconsciously，by visibly relating the several units of the edifice．
好的方案可以使来访者在建筑中找到其目的地并留下印象，这种印象也许是下
意识地通过把大的建筑体系中一些单元明显地联系起来而造成的。
3、Foundations still are a hidden but costly part of many buildings.
基础仍然是许多建筑物隐蔽的而且花费昂贵的部分。
4、In a steel structure，the economy can be defined in terms of the total average quantity of steel per square foot of floor area of the building.
在钢结构中，可以根据建筑物的每平方英尺楼板面积所需要钢材的总平均数量
来限定经济。
5、Uneven settlements can have damaging effects---the building may lean, walls and partitions may crack, windows and doors may become inoperative, and, in the extreme, a building may collapse.
不均匀沉降会造成破坏性作用——建筑物发生倾斜，墙体和隔墙会发生裂缝，
窗户和门无法打开，最严重的是，建筑物坍塌。
6、Stone has been so dominant in the architecture of the Western world that forms appropriate to it have been preserved even in
buildings constructed of wood．
石料在西方世界的建筑中占很大的优势以至于适合它的形式即使在木材修建的
大楼里都得到了保存。
四、句子汉译英
1、运输工程师在设计每一个工程的过程中，既要运用技术知识，也要考虑经济、政治和社会的因素。
Transportation engineers apply technological knowledge as well as consideration of the economic, political, and social factors in designing each project.
2、在地表附近的土壤不能支撑建筑物的重量的情况下，打下木桩、钢桩、混凝土桩使土壤密实性提高。
In cases where the soil near the surface is unable to support the weight of the building, piles of wood, steel, or concrete are driven down to firm soil.
3、基础的设计取决于许多土壤的因素，比如土壤的类型，土壤的分层组成，土层的厚度以及它们的密实性和地下水的情况。
The design of a foundation depends on many soil factors, such as type of soil, soil stratification, thickness of soil layers and their compaction, and groundwater conditions.
4、更大的高度需要增加柱和梁的尺寸来使建筑物的刚性更大，以便于它们在风荷载作用下不会倾斜到允许的范围之外。
Greater height entails increased column and beam sizes to make
buildings more rigid so that under wind load they will not sway beyond an acceptable limit．。