丰台区2020届高三二模英语试题及答案
from all walks of life. Confucius
5
(regard) as a symbol of China’s
traditional culture. Nowadays, Qufu holds memorial eventpopularize his theory to the younger generations.
Shandong province, was an educator and philosopher (哲学家) 4
founded Confucianism, a school of thought that deeply influenced later
generations. He was the first Chinese to set up private schools and enroll students
高三英语 第 2 页（共 14 页）
21 . When lifting it from her, I was curious about the 22 of the present. It
weighed almost nothing.
“What is it?” I asked.
“A kind of magic,” she said. Her words were enough to set my mind dancing
B. proposals B. interest B. energy B. childish B. understood B. kindness B. precious B. still
C. experiences C. love C. excitement C. brilliant C. remembered C. privilege C. ordinary C. once
(decide) to experience a new culture, he came from Africa to the USA. There was
one challenge: He 2 (speak) no English. But within just four months, he
degree in public health. He said it was
3
(he) dream that got him to
Harvard.
高三英语 第 1 页（共 14 页）
B
Confucius ( 孔 子 ), born in the district of Zou, near today’s Qufu city in
4. 请保持答题卡卡面清洁，不要装订、不要折叠、不要破损。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）
第一节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个
适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Esias Bedingar always knew he wanted to study medicine. After 1
D. possibilities D. belief D. confidence D. creative D. practiced D. encouragement D. unforgettable D. merely
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，
D. satisfied
17. A. prepared
B. expected
C. taught
D. imagined
18. A. anxiety
B. patience
C. difficulty
D. confirmation
19. A. presented B. forced
C. urged
D. employed
up all the years of life that remain.
11. A. allowed
B. promised
C. attempted
D. reminded
12. A. asking
B. recalling
C. proving
D. wondering
13. A. eager
B. generous
第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，
选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was a boy of nine in 1960. I used to mow the lawn for Mrs. Long. She paid
C Everything happens for a reason. Nothing happens by chance or by means of good luck. Injury, 7 (ill), love, and lost moments of true greatness all occur to test the limits of your soul. 8 these small tests, life would be like a straight flat road to nowhere. It would be safe and comfortable, 9 dull and completely pointless. The success and downfall you experience helps to create who you are and decide 10 you go.
With great 25 I opened the box to find inside ten sheets of black paper, each
labeled in colorful letters, Carbon Paper Regal Premium. “What is it?” I asked.
spreading ideas. Thank Mrs. Long for her 28 to guess that a boy might
profit from a present totally outside the realm (领域) of his 29 experience.
The average present 30 satisfies a temporary desire; the great one lights
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A As an excellent international organization to deliver both camping and an academic opportunity, Eagles Landing International (ELI) offers school-aged students the opportunity to experience targeted academic programs, global leadership development,and exposure to an authentic camping experience. ELI ACADEMIC STREAMS At ELI, we create global leaders by integrating camping with personalized academic activities designed around our two learning streams. English Language Immersion—We believe that the best way to learn a language is to live that language. Personalized activities prepare campers to be as successful as possible in achieving their language goals. Daily interactions with our American campers give campers the opportunity to apply newly acquired language skills.
me little for the job, but 11 to give me a Christmas present. I spent much time 12 what it would be. Many boys had baseball gloves
or ice skates and I was 13 to have any of these. “It would 14 be a baseball glove,” I 15 with myself. “She wouldn’t know much about baseball.” So I was 16 that she would give me ice skates. I even 17 myself upon the skates.
20. A. cover
B. hold
C. include
D. involve
21. A. angry
B. regretful
C. awkward
D. disappointed
22. A. value
B. shape
C. lightness
D. meaning
高三英语 第 3 页（共 14 页）
2020年北京市丰台第二中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析
2020年北京市丰台第二中学高三英语模拟试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AEver wonder why there are so many people polluting the earth? Ever say to yourself：Hey, I wish that I could do more to help the environment? Have you ever thought about trying to help the earth but never really did it? Well, here are some pretty easyand skillful ideas for that green - earth desire inside you.●Turn off your computer. By leaving it on all day you are creating more CO2than a regular passenger would, driving to and from work in one day.● Ride your bike or carpool (合用汽车).Obviously, youare creating less CO2which will help the ozone(臭氧).● Make a garden. Even simply grow some plants in your kitchen, which will help produce more oxygen while eating up some of that evil CO2.● Buy local groceries. It creates less impact on the environment. Besides, you're supporting your local farmers.● Recycle. You had to see this coming. But you have no idea how much you are helping the environment by simply reusing a water bottle instead of buying a huge pack at the store.● Don't run the water while brushing. It saves you money and helps the water resources.● Open the curtains. Natural light is much prettier and it will keep the energy usage down.● Rechargeable batteries. You have no idea how much it takes to get rid of batteries. Do yourself a favor. Save some money and some energy.1. If you don't want to create more CO2, you may_______.A. turn off your computer or open the curtainsB. turn off your computer or ride your bike or carpoolC. make a garden or open the curtainsD. use rechargeable batteries or make a garden2. Which of the following can best describe the function of the first paragraph?A. Main body.B. Argument.C. Lead - in.D. Conclusion.3. The main idea of the passage is about________.A. the importance of environmental protectionB. some ways about how to prevent pollutionC. some suggestions about how to save energyD. some suggestions about environmental protectionBWhat about your emotions? How do they help you to understand what you are reading?In Jane Yolan'sOwl Moon,a girl explores with her father on a snowy night. She longs for this special night.And she's amazed when she sees an owl.Have you felt longing before? Amazement? Well, if you have, it helps you have a sense of agreement. When we can put ourselves inside a story we can understand it better. Our brain tells us,"Oh, this girl's experience is a bit like mine."And boom! We can relate to her.But this skill is not born in us.So young kids have to learn it.Pictures and images help young readers to understand and recognize feelings.Readers feel joy when seeing the smiling faces of friends.They feel fear when turning the page to find a scary monster. They are just pictures,but the feelings are real. This skill, to understand the thinking and feeling of others, is what researchers call "theory of mind".For example, think about the faces of people and animals in stories. The Big Bad Wolf's scary teeth. The 'o' shape of a surprised character's mouth. Or big, wide eyes like the girl inOwl Moon.By noticing the faces,readers can start to figure out what it feels like to be that character.And that helps to figure out how people feel and think in real life.But most young readers don't go into deep,scary woods.And some may not go to the beach or play basketball.In the bookYo!Yes?two kids meet and play ball. The kids start the story on opposite pages.But as the story goes on,they get closer until they are together.Some young readers might not play basketball, but they can read the clues on the page to figure out how the kids are feeling.And some readers might not like the game,but they can feel excited for the characters because of how the characters look and move.4. What can we learn from the second paragraph?A.Owl Moontalks about the exploration of the Moon.B. The feeling of"amazement"is a sense of agreement.C. Readers are blessed with the ability to interpret others.D. Readers with similar experience understand the story better.5. Which of the following might help readers develop"theory of mind"?A. True feelings.B. Smiling faces.C. Picture books.D. Reading skills.6. Young readers can go deeper into a story by________.A. tracking the plotB. developing new skillsC. sharing similar hobbiesD. analyzing the background7. What is the text mainly about?A. How thinking influences reading.B. How readers improve reading skills.C. How emotions help enhance reading.D. How kids figure out the clues of stories.CMany of us were delighted to learn that a high school senior Kwasi Enin was accepted to all eight Ivy League universities. To our surprise, he wasn't excited as expected, but appeared extra calm. He announced that he would revisit the universities to find the best suitable in music or medicine. He also wanted to compare their financial aid packages.Kwasi's success story is rare, but his reaction is not. After the admission letters arrive at home, students have 30 days to really think about what kind of school would help them grow as a person, which school would best prepare them for the future, and at which school they would be happiest. And they also have to think about whether they can afford the school they choose.But how to answer the questions about which school is the best suitable university? Some young people are attracted to large universities with great school spirit and a list of offerings. But besides those advantages, many of these universities focus on graduate work and research, with undergraduates taught mostly by part-time instructors. Others are attracted to smaller boarding schools with discussion-based classes. But some of these schools will have much limitation for students who want a high-energy city life experience.Many students today seem to think they should pick the university where they will get the diploma that will help them get the most highly paid job. This is a sad misunderstanding of what a college education should provide.A good college education should prepare them to overcome any difficulty andthrivein society. It helps them to form the habit of creative mind and spirit that will continue to develop far beyond their university years. So when you choose college, you should consider if it is filled with useful learning to help create new spaces for different possibilities of growth.8. What can we know about Kwasi Enin from paragraph 1?A. He was from a very poor family.B. He would choose the top university.C. He was too excited to calm himself at the good news.D. He considered his interests when choosing his university.9. What can you infer from paragraph 2?A. Few students can be admitted to university.B. Many students face the choices like Kwasi.C. Top universities are the first choice for most students.D. American students can afford their university by themselves.10. Which of the following can best explain the underlined word “thrive” in paragraph 4?A. FailB. SucceedC. ResearchD. Work11. What should the best university be like according to the text?A. Very large and have good instructors.B. Small boarding schools with discussion-based classes.C. It will offerthe diploma to get the most highly paid job.D. It will help continue to develop far beyond university years.DRichard Campbell is a secondary school student. He is15 years old. He lives in a small town in the north ofEngland. Every morning, he gets up at eight o’clock, puts on his uniform and walks to school.One hour later, the lessons start. The students usually study maths, English, history and geography in the morning. They usually study music and drawing and they play sports after lunch. They have a ten-minute break between classes. They also spend a long time in the school library, reading books and doing their homework.Richard likes his school very much. His favourite subjects are English and geography, but he doesn’t like maths because he is not good at it.Richard and all his friends spend the whole day at school. Lunch is at one o’clock. He doesn’t like the food that the school serves. This is why he often brings a packed lunch from home. He always has his lunch in the dining hall, but some of his friends sometimes eat in the courtyard or outside the school gate.At weekends, he always goes out with his friends because he doesn’t go to school. On Saturday, he always goes to the cinema or to the sports centre. On Sunday, he just goes for a walk with his dog.12. What time do Richard’s lessons begin in the morning?A. At 8:00.B. At 8:30.C. At 9:00.D. At 9:10.13. What does Richard like best?A. Maths and English.B. English and geography.C. History and maths.D. Geography and history.14. Where does Richard have lunch on weekdays?A. In the dining hall.B. At home.C. In the courtyard.D. Outside his school gate.15. What does Richard always do on Saturday?A. He reads and does homework.B. He goes to see films or does sports.C. He walks his dog or does exercise.D. He spends a long time in the library.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析
2020年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOur Teen Summer Spanish Program is two weeks of fun, educational excitement that helps students learn Spanish fast. Our Spanish summer program allows our students to learn from highly trained, certified teachers and be absorbed in the language and theculture of Costa Rica.Features include:* Intensive(强化的) daily Spanish classes* Extracurricular classes in dance, cooking, music, and handiwork* Outdoor activities including hiking, camping, rafting, and ziplining(高空滑索)* Homestay with a local Costa Rican family* Volunteer work in needy neighborhoodsOur Teaching Methods:We are proud to use TPRS---Total Physical Response Storytelling---in our curriculum. This innovative method uses strange and amusing stories to teach new vocabulary, increase fluency, and get students involved by giving them the opportunity to alter the details themselves. Because of the silliness, creativity, and repetition involved, TPRS allows students to learn easily and remember information effortlesslyMemorizing vocabulary and listening to lectures on grammar are slow, inefficient ways to learn a new language. The best way to truly learn and commit new material to memory is through conversation. In our Spanish classes, students can expect to speak up to 80% of each class. By speaking in the new language freely and consistently, students can see progress faster because they are using the new grammar and vocabulary that they have learned at the same time. This helps the brain remember the new words and grammar structures for future use, making it much easier to progress.1.What does the program do?A.It offers weekly Spanish classesB.It focuses more on outdoor activitiesC.It gives teachers a chance to receive trainingD.It provides activities about the Spanish culture2.What is the best way to learn a language according to the text?A.Memorizing a larger vocabularyB.Speaking more in the new language.C.Mastering more grammar structuresD.Writing stories to share with others3.What is the purpose of the text?A.To employexperienced Spanish teacherB.To hire foreign volunteers for a programC.To attract teen foreigners to a programD.To introduce language learning methodsBThe grocerystore might not be your favorite place to visit when you're at home, but is it ever fun when you're in another country? Honestly speaking, they're one of those strange little destinations that I like to sniff out everywhere I go, much as other travelers head toward clothing stores, libraries, coffee shops or galleries.The greatest beauty of the grocery store –– whether it's a supermarket or a tiny shop –– is that it gives you a glimpse into what local people buy to cook their own meals. This offers clues into their lifestyles and preferences, and into the agricultural and cooking practices of the country. I stare at the strange fruits and vegetables, the seafood, the cheese, the spices, the bread, and oh, the chocolate...always the chocolate!Being the environmental nerd（呆子）I am, I like paying attention to packaging, which can reflect people's attitudes towards environmental protection. Italy, for example, has a habit of requiring customers to bag their fruits and vegetables in plastic for weighing, while Sri Lanka leaveseverything loose in bins. In Brazil, everything is prepackaged in a layer of plastic.People in grocery stores tend to be friendlier. They smile, say hello, and sometimes ask questions, which can lead to great conversations. I had a further discussion with a teenaged cashier in Sri Lanka, over which bag of crunchy（松脆的）mix to buy. He insisted that the one labeled “spicy” would be too hot for me, but I told him I was willing to risk it. He laughed and we ended up talking about my favorite Sri Lankan foods for ten minutes.It's interesting then to come home and look at one's own local grocery store through new eyes. What would a visitor think? What stands out, and what do the food displays say about us as a culture? You might be surprised by what you realize.4. According to the author, what is the key benefit of visiting foreign grocery stores?A. Learning to cook foreign dishes.B. Making friends with local people.C. Buying cheaper food and souvenirs.D. Knowing local people and the country.5. What does the author show by mentioning some countries in paragraph 3?A. People's special lifestyles.B. People's shopping habits.C. People's environmental awareness.D. People's packaging methods.6. What can we infer from paragraph 4?A. Sri Lankans know a lot about food.B. Grocery stores are good social places.C. Grocery stores vary in different countries.D. Sri Lankans like to give strangers suggestions.7. Which of the following shows the structure of text? (P: paragraph)A. B.C. D.CYou've probably heard it suggested that you need to move more throughout the day, and as a general rule of thumb, that "more" is often defined as around 10,000 steps. With many Americans tracking their stepsvia new fitness-tracking wearables, or even just by carrying their phone, more and more people use the 10,000-step rule as their marker for healthy living. Dr. Dreg Hager, professor of computer science at Johns Hopkins, decided to take a closer look at that 10,000-step rule, and he found that usingitas a standard may be doing more harm than goodfor many.“It turns out that in 1960 in Japan they figured out that the average Japanese man, when he walked 10,000 steps a day burned something like 3,000 calories and that is what they thought the average person should consume so they picked 10,000 steps as a number” Hager said.According to Hager, asking everyone to shoot for 10,000 steps each day could be harmful to the elderly or those with medical conditions, making it unwise for them to jump into that level of exercise, even if it's walking. The bottom line is that 10,000 steps may be too many for some and too few for others. He also noted that those with shorter legs have an easier time hitting the 10,000-step goal because they have to take more steps than people with longer legs to cover the distance. It seems that 10,000 steps may be suitable for the latter.A more recent study focused on older women and how many steps can help maintain good health and promote longevity (长寿).The study included nearly 17,000 women with an average age of 72. Researchers found that women who took 4,400 steps per day were about 40% less likely to die during a follow-up period of just over four years: Interestingly, women in the study who walked more than 7,500 steps each day got no extra boost in longevity.8. What does the underlined word "it' in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. The phone recording.B. The 10,000-step rule.C. The healthy living.D. The fitness-tracking method.9. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?A. How many steps a Japanese walks.B. How we calculate the number of steps.C. If burning 3,000 calories daily is scientific.D. Where 10,000 steps a day came from.10. Who will probably benefit from 10,000 steps each day according toHager?A. Senior citizens.B. Young short-legged people.C. Healthy long-legged peopleD. Weak individuals.11. How many steps may the researchers suggest senior citizens take each day?A. 4,400 steps.B. 10,000 steps.C. 2,700 steps.D. 7,500 steps.DA world in which extinct creatures could be brought back to life came a step closer yesterday. Australianscientists have managed to extract a gene from a preserved sample of a Tasmanian tiger and make it active. Thebreakthroughhas left them dreaming that one day they will be able to recreate the animal, which died out more than 70 years ago. And if it can be done with the Tasmanian tiger, it may also be possible to resurrect (复活) creatures that have been extinct for far longer.“There used to be a time when extinction meant forever, but no more, ” said Professor Mike Archer. “We are now able to seriously challenge whether those animals that have gone for ever. What has been achieved is a very important step in bringing back those animals that are extinct. And while I think that technically it is still pretty difficult at the moment, we can now see the possibilities. I’m personally convinced that the Tasmanian tiger will be brought back to life in my lifetime.”The breakthrough came after nine years of experiments by scientists at the University of Melbourne, who extracted a gene from one of several tigers preserved in alcohol in a Melbourne museum. They removed the equivalent gene from a mouse embryo implanted the tiger gene and then watched as the mouse continued to grow normally, suggesting the tiger gene had been activated.Team leader Dr. Andrew Pask said it was the first time DNA from an extinct species had been used to “induce (引起) a functional response in another living organism”.However, the animal’s entire gene structure would have to be revived in the same way to even begin the possibility of bringing the Tasmanian tiger back from the dead.Mick Mooney, a wildlife officer ofthe Tasmanian Government, was worried that such developments could encourage people’s indifference to the protection of endangered species.“If people think that we can bring animals back to life after they’ve gone, they will start saying that there is nothing to worry about because we can fix it up later.”12. What does the underlined word “breakthrough” in the l paragraph refer to?A. Scientists have recreated new animals.B. Scientists have resurrected endangered animal.C. It has turned out that some creatures would not go extinct.D. A tiger gene has been extracted successfully and activated.13. Scientists are carrying out the experiments in order to ________.A. bring extinct animals back to lifeB. transplant the genes of tigers into other animalsC. find out what factors lead to the animals’ extinctionD. find a new way to extract animals’ DNA14. Mike Archer thinks that ________.A. scientists now have no technological difficulty reconnecting extinct animalsB. it’ll be a century or so before a Tasmanian tiger walks on the earth againC. humans have come closer in reconnecting extinct animalsD. reconnecting extinct animals is impossible15. We can learn from Mick Mooncy’s words that_________.A. he thought it unnecessary to worry about endangered animalsB. his opinion is in contrast with that of the Tasmanian GovernmentC. he thought people should be encouraged to protect endangered animalsD. he is concerned that bringing extinct animals back to life may have a negative effect第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届北京市丰台区高考英语二模试卷
高考英语二模试卷题号I II III IV V 总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AAt Beaver Creek，The Extraordinary Awaits YouAre no two snowflakes alike？The snowflakes we see in the winter are most likely completely unique from one other．Beaver Creek is a great place to experience the beauty of the snow，with programs for everyone-from children，teens，and women-only lessons to small groups and private-guided experiences．First Track，from Beaver Creek Reserve，lets you be the first on the mountain，with an adventure that begins at 7：30 a．m．when you are met by ski professionals and taken on a private，guided tour-before the mountain is open to the public．Once you have skied，you are treated to a delicious breakfast at Allie's Cabin．If you are looking for a higher level of comfort there is the White Carpet Club，from Beaver Creek Reserve．Located in the heart of Beaver Creek Village，it maximizes your time on the mountain by streamlining your access to it．At the club，there are private lockers and boot dryers，along with preferred self-parking and a slope-side ski waiter．A receptionist can assist with lift tickets，pass purchases，dinner reservations，and activity recommendations．Of course，there is more to explore during the winter in Beaver Creek as well．There is ice skating，snowshoeing，shopping，and spas-you name it，Beaver Creek has it．It is the perfect place to take advantage of the snow and be in the moment，in the mountains，together．The extraordinary is a rare combination of one-of-a-kind experiences designed to be shared with service that exceeds expectation．The extraordinary brings you closer to one another and offers a special place to belong together．Belong in The Extraordinary．1.First Track can offer visitors ______ ．A. an early visitB. an ice skating showC. a tasty lunchD. a free skiing lesson2.What is the White Carpet Club special for？______A. Skillful trainers．B. Quiet living experience．C. Thoughtful service．D. Good views over the mountain．3.The passage is written to ______ ．A. attract visitorsB. compare different programsC. appeal for sportsD. introduce training coursesBI said，"Papi，let me finish school．" None of his other daughters completed more than three grades．"I still can do my chores（家务），" I told him．"Pay for me to finish school．" He dug his boot into the dry earth of Quanajuato，the state he never left in his entire life．But he still was the smartest man in our village．He read books about Egypt and knew how to handwrite，unlike my mother，who never had an education．"Why do you want to return to school？" he said，lowering his eyes to me．"So you can meet a man，marry，and quit？You want me to pay for that？""No，Papi，" I said．"I won't marry in school and I promise I'll graduate．"The wind whistled through the trees．My father saw a fisherman with a pole bent over the riverbank．I said urgently，"Papi，" and I almost grabbed his thick brown wrist．In the country，my father would stop and talk with any stranger，no matter what he was doing．He would talk about the harvest，the weather，the family，but mostly，he would listen．He turned，making his way to the fisherman．I followed behind him in my open-toed shoes，carefully picking my steps．I knew I had lost his attention and I searched around me for something to fill the time I would spend waiting．But there was nothing and nobody．"Buenos dias，" my father said to the fisherman．I took my seat ten feet from them．The two men stared across the lake and talked．Their voices droned on and were blended with the wind．I daydreamed．"Marta，come here，" my father called to me．I lifted myself up and walked very slowly toward them without lifting my feet off the ground．"Marta，" my father said，"I have asked Don Toms what he thinks about your promise．"I stared at this fisherman，this stranger，and then back at my father with wide eyes．"I told him about your promise to stay single，and he told me-let her go．"The fisherman looked down at his worn shoes．"If you want it，" he said to the earth beneath his feet．Later，I became Father's only daughter to complete high school education，and the only one to leave his house unmarried．4.The author spoke to her father to ______ ．A. share her school lifeB. beg for her school feeC. learn about her sisters' studyD. complain about the housework5.The author felt ______ when her father went over to the fisherman．A. ashamedB. tiredC. angryD. helpless6.Why did the author's father talk with the fisherman？______A. To offer help．B. To talk about harvest．C. To ask for advice．D. To get away from the author．7.The last paragraph suggests that the author ______ ．A. kept her wordsB. missed her fatherC. regretted the decisionD. lived a comfortable lifeCEvery year migratory（迁徙的）bats travel from Mexico to Bracken Cave，where they spend the summer consuming insects that would otherwise hungrily eat common food crops．But the bats have been showing up far earlier than they did two decades ago．In a study，scientists at Rothamsted Research，an agricultural laboratory in England，used radar data from 160 U．S．weather stations to analyze activity in the Texas bat colony from 1995 through 2017．They discovered the creatures were leaving their winter quarters in Mexico earlier and reproducing sooner．They were also astonished to find increasing numbers of bats overwintering（过冬）at Bracken Cave instead of heading back to their cold weather quarters in Mexico．Overwintering is a sign that warmer temperatures change the bats' annual rhythms，Rothamsted biologist Phillip Stepanian says．A separate study of migratory bats in Indiana，published last year，found that temperature variations affected arrival and departure times-likewise hinting at the potential influence of climate change．Joy O'Keefe，a biology professor at Indiana State University and co-author of that study，says early arrival at their summer habitats（栖息地）could expose these bats to cold snaps（寒流），and they could freeze to death．Joy O'Keefe and her colleagues also found that changing bat migration times can also clash with rainfall patterns．Many insects that bats eat breed in seasonal lakes and puddles．If the bats arrive too early to benefit from summer rainfall and the resulting abundance of insects，they may struggle to feed their pups（幼崽）or skip reproduction altogether，O'Keefe says．She fears this shift could cause Midwestern bats to decrease toward extinction，which would be bad news for humans．"Declines in bat populations could have severe effects for crop success，" she says，adding that bats also "control significant disease vectors，such as mosquitoes．"However，scientists are not certain that climate change alone is causing the Bracken Cave bat colony to migrate earlier．They have found a direct link between seasonal temperatures and bird migration，but bats are also influenced by factors such as changes in wind speed and direction．And there are other complications．"Bats are mysterious little animals that move mostly at night and are difficult to observe and track，" Stepanian says．"We have this conceptual picture of what might be happening，but really tying it to the cause is the next step．"8.Scientists at Rothamsted Research found that ______ ．A. bats prefer colder weatherB. bats delay their reproductionC. warming affects bat migrationD. radar can be used to observe bats9.Joy O'Keefe discovered that ______ ．A. bats are used to living in rainfall seasonsB. bats' earlier migration might harm farmingC. insects' reproduction helps to spread diseaseD. insects shortage makes bats reproduce earlier10.What does the last paragraph want to tell us？______A. Wind speed and direction affect bats．B. It is difficult to observe and track bats．C. Climate change makes bats migrate earlier．D. Further research on the cause is necessary．11.What is the best title for the passage？______A. Bats' habitatsB. Endangered batsC. Bats' scheduleD. Bats，our good friendsDOn March 18，2018，Elaine Herzberg was crossing a road in Tempe，Arizona，when a Volvo SUV hit and killed her．Although she was one of thousands of U．S．pedestrians killed by vehicles every year，one distinctive aspect set her death apart：Nobody was driving that Volvo．A computer was．Just a couple of months later，a survey by AAA （American Automobile Association）revealed that 73 percent of Americans were too scared to zip around in a totally autonomous ride-a 10 percent increase from a similar poll taken before Herzberg's death．Actually，self-driving cars are already cruising our streets，their spinning lasers and other sensors scanning the world around them．But what makes some of us still so wary of these robotic chauffeurs，and how can they earn our trust？To understand these questions，it first helps to consider what psychologists call the theory of mind．Put simply，it's the recognition that other people have brains in their heads that are busy thinking，just like ours （usually）are．The theory comes in handy on the road．Before we venture into a crosswalk，we might first make eye contact with a driver and then think，He sees me，so I'm safe，or He doesn't，so I'm not．It's a technique we likely use more than we realize，both behind the wheel and on our feet．But you can't make eye contact with an algorithm（计算程序）．When a car is in self-driving mode，the computer's in charge．"We're going to have to learn a theory of the machine mind，" says Azim Shariff，a professor of psychology at the University of British Columbia．What that means in practice is thatself-driving cars will need to provide clear signals-and not just turn signals-to let the public know what that machine mind is planning．However，that doesn't mean we want it to mimic exactly how humans think and act while driving．In fact，the promise of traveling by autonomous car is that silicon brains won't do dumb things such as text and drive，or drink and drive，or rocket down the highway while upset after a breakup．（Cars don't date．）"I believe that they have the potential to be safer than regular cars，" says Marjory S．Blumenthal，a senior policy analyst at the RAND Corporation．But she says there's not enough good data yet to know for sure．One practical way to create a reputation for safety is to start slow．The University of Michigan's pair of self-driving shuttles go just 12 miles per hour．Huei Peng，a professor ofmechanical engineering，says the research team behind the project is building trust by not asking too much：The predetermined route is just about a mile long，so they're not exactly speeding down a highway in the snow．"We're trying to push the envelope but in a very careful way，" Peng says．Indeed，the public isn't homogeneous，says Raj Rajkumar，who directs the Metro21．He notices three categories of potential users：tech skeptics，early adopters，and people who are stressed by driving．The early adopters will buy in first，followed by the folks who just dislike driving，and then finally the skeptics，he argues．"So it's a long process．" Trust grows like a self-driving shuttle drives：slowly．12.What did the survey by AAA show？______A. The wide use of self-driving cars．B. The growing doubts on self-driving cars．C. The urgent need for laws on self-driving cars．D. The rapid rise of deaths caused by self-driving cars．13.The theory of mind is mentioned to show ______ ．A. human mind makes driving easierB. communication takes away drivers' attentionC. communicative skills can be improved by practiceD. self-driving cars are not as safe for their machine mind14.Paragraph 4 wants to tell us that self-driving cars ______ ．A. will replace regular carsB. couldn't act like humansC. could be safer than regular carsD. should learn to think like humans15.What is the author's attitude towards the future development of self-driving cars？______A. Cautious but optimistic．B. Puzzled but hopeful．C. Concerned but pessimistic．D. Skeptical but interested．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Develop Note-Taking Skills Speech students are often amazed at how easily their teacher can pick out a speaker's main points，evidence，and techniques．Of course，the teacher knows what to listen for and has had plenty of practice．But the next time you get an opportunity，watch your teacher during a speech．Chances are she or he will be listening with pen and paper．(1)Unfortunately，many people don't take notes effectively．Some try to write down everything a speaker says．They view note taking as a race，pitting their handwriting agility（敏捷）against the speaker's rate of speech．(2) But soon the speaker is winning the race．The speaker pulls so far ahead that the note taker can never catch up．Finally，the note taker admits defeat and spends the rest of the speech grumbling in frustration．(3) They arrive armed with pen，notebook，and the best of intentions．They know they can't write down everything，so they settle comfortably in their seats and wait for the speaker to say something that grabs their attention．Every once in a while the speaker rewards them with a joke，a dramatic story，or a startling fact．Then the note taker seizes pen，jots down a few words，and leans back dreamily to await the next fascinating tidbit（趣闻）．By the end of the lecture the note taker has a set of tidbits-and little or no record of the speaker's important ideas．As these examples illustrate，they don't know what to listen for，and they don't know how to record what they do listen for．(4) But once you know what to listen for，you still need asound method of note taking．Although there are a number of systems，most students find the key-word outline best for listening to speeches．As its name suggests，this method briefly notes a speaker's main points and supporting evidence in rough outline form．By separating main points from sub-points and evidence，the outline format shows the relationships among the speaker's ideas．(5) But with a little effort you will become a better note taker．A．Perfecting this taking requires practice．B．Some people go to the opposite extreme．C．As the speaker starts to talk，the note taker starts to write．D．Taking effective notes usually helps you receive higher grades．E．Most inefficient note takers suffer from one or both of two problems．F．When note taking is done properly，it is sure to keep track of a speaker's ideas．G．The solution to the first problem is to focus on a speaker's main points and evidence．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）Counting the votes took about five minutes，but it seemed like an hour for me．Captain of the cheerleaders is quite an honor．At least that's what I was(21)．As Coach Maguire appeared，all eyes zeroed in(22)her．"Girls，" she began．"It's my pleasure to announce that Terry Shaw has been elected Captain of the cheerleading team．" A great cheer was heard throughout the gym．How (23)this be？I hadn't (24)a practice，or a game，in the three years．Was everyone blind？Didn't they realize that I had worked three years to (25)the title？All the way home，I sobbed．The next morning，I held my uniform close to me．I knew I couldn't(26)．As heartbroken as I was，my true love was(27)with my teammates．How very (28)it was to go to that first practice after Terry had been named captain．When I arrived，Terry asked me if I had any ideas on how to improve our routines and talked about how we could make the team better．We？Was she kidding？I just wanted to (29)her and she kept making it harder and harder for me to do that．It wasn't just that she showed interest in me-her interest was warm and(30)．Terry always made sure to(31)me when discussing changes in our routine and eventually I(32) myself and we grew to be very close friends．At the end of the year，the annual Sports Award Banquet was organized．We decorated the hall，talking about all the good times we had (33)during our last year together．I just wanted to (34)that moment in time．Later in the evening we arrived and listened as the various trophies were awarded to the most valuable player of each sports team．Of course the team captains all received trophies too．With great (35)I cheered for Terry．Just as Terry walked off the stage，Coach Maguire stepped up to the microphone again andannounced that there was one final trophy to be awarded．The cheerleading "Spirit Award" would now be presented to the girl who showed the most dedicated(36)．When I heard my name announced I imagined I was as (37)．Terry was coming toward me．We hugged each other，and Terry whispered，"Nobody(38)this more than you．" Terry never knew that quitting was all I had on my mind the day she was named captain．She read the(39) in my shallow words of congratulations and embraced me in spite of myself，planting tiny seeds of kindness and respect．From her effort grew a (40)that，to this day，I hold close to my heart．21. A. expecting B. offering C. regretting D. designing22. A. for B. on C. with D. about23. A. dared B. would C. might D. could24. A. watched B. accepted C. missed D. followed25. A. hold B. earn C. give D. defend26. A. quit B. delay C. practise D. reply27. A. competing B. studying C. cheering D. communicating28. A. hard B. pleasant C. normal D. unforgettable29. A. persuade B. inspire C. frighten D. hate30. A. wide B. genuine C. proper D. funny31. A. teach B. praise C. control D. include32. A. punished B. hid C. overcame D. embarrassed33. A. wasted B. shared C. needed D. found34. A. freeze B. recall C. spare D. choose35. A. confidence B. politeness C. enthusiasm D. curiosity36. A. effort B. trust C. memory D. attention37. A. nervous B. shocked C. determined D. proud38. A. doubts B. completes C. deserves D. requires39. A. admiration B. sympathyC. courageD. disappointment40. A. belief B. challenge C. promise D. friendship四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41. A There was a farmer who always sold a pound of butter to a baker．One day the bakerdecided to weigh the butter to see if he was getting a pound and found that he wasnot．This angered (1) （he），so he took the farmer to court．The judge asked the farmer(2) he had a measuring tool．The farmer replied，"I have a pair of scale．I have beenbuying a pound of bread from him．When the baker (3) （bring）me the bread，I always put it on my scale and give him the same weight of butter．"B Parrots are found in countries like Brazil，Australia and India．They usually live (4)large groups and because they like to eat fruit，they are sometimes a problem forfarmers．There are different kinds of parrots，but they all have strong beaks and feet，which they use for (5) （climb）and holding food．The biggest parrots can live for up to 80 years．They are (6) （noise），but they are clever birds and it is easy to teach them to talk．Some zoos have parrot shows，where you can see the birds doing things they have learned．C Kite flying is popular around China．It is known as zhiyuan，as kites were made ofpaper (7) when they fly，they are like eagles．Kites (8) （use）for military purpose in the beginning．Later kite flying gradually became a very popular recreationalactivity．In the past，people (9) （fasten）a bamboo-made whistle onto a kite．While flying through the wind，it made sound like the music (10) （produce）by guzheng，a traditional Chinese musical instrument．Therefore，it has its modern name asfengzheng．五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）42.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华．母亲节来临之际，你给英国笔友Peter发邮件介绍你打算如何给妈妈庆祝节日，并询问他的母亲节计划．注意：1．词数不少于50；2．开头已给出，不计入总词数．Dear Peter，Yours，Li Hua43.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华．请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记录上周六你在公园劝阻游人钓鱼的经历．注意：词数不少于60．提示词：公园管理处 the Park Service答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】A 【小题2】C 【小题3】A【解析】（1）．A．细节理解题．根据第三段"First Track， from Beaver Creek Reserve， lets you be the first on the mountain， with an a dventure that begins at 7：30 a．m． when you are met by ski professionals and taken on a private， guided tour-before the mountain is open to the public．" 可知，First Track让你成为第一个登上山顶的人，早上7：30开始一场冒险，在这座山对公众开放之前，你会遇到滑雪专业人士，并进行一次私人的、有导游的旅行．故选A．（2）．C．细节理解题．根据第四段对the White Carpet Club的描述可知，它通过简化您的访问流程，最大化了您在山上的时间．俱乐部里有私人储物柜和靴子干燥器，还有首选的自动泊车和斜坡滑雪服务员．接待员可以协助提供电梯车票、通行证购买、晚餐预订和活动建议．可以看出the White Carpet Club的特别之处就在于它周到的服务．故选C．（3）．A．推理判断题．从文章的标题At Beaver Creek，The Extraordinary Awaits You 可以看出，这是一个吸引游客的景点，文章介绍了这个景点特别的地方．故选A．本文介绍了Beaver Creek这个景点，详细地介绍了它独特的吸引游客之处．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．4.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】D 【小题3】C 【小题4】A【解析】答案：1-4BDCA1．B．推理判断题．根据文章第一段I said， "Papi， let me finish school．" None of his other daughters completed more than thr ee grades． "I still can do my chores（家务），" I told him． "Pay for me to finish school．"可知，我说，"爸爸，让我读完学校．"他的其他女儿都不超过三个年级．"我仍然可以做家务，"我告诉他，"付钱让我读完学校．"由此可见，作者和她父亲谈话，要求她支付学费．故选B．2．D．推理判断题．根据文章第六段He turned， making his way to the fisherman． I followed behind him in my open-toed shoe s， carefully picking my steps． I knew I had lost his attention and I searched around me for something to fill the time I would spend waiting． But there was nothing and nobody．可知他转过身来，向渔夫走去．我穿着露趾鞋跟在他后面，小心翼翼地走着．我知道我已经失去了他的注意力，我在周围寻找一些东西来填补我等待的时间．但是什么也没有，也没有人．由此可见，当她父亲去见渔夫时，作者感到很无助．故选D．3．C．细节理解题．根据文章第五段In the country， my father would stop and talk with any stranger， no matter what he was do ing． He would talk about the harvest， the weather， the family， but mostly， he would listen．可知在乡下，我父亲会停下来和任何陌生人交谈，不管他在做什么．他会谈论收获、天气、家庭，但大多数情况下，他会倾听．由此可见，征求意见．故选C．4．A．推理判断题．推理判断题．根据文章最后一段Later， I became Father's only daughter to complete high school education， and the onl y one to leave his house unmarried．可知后来，我成了父亲唯一一个完成高中教育的女儿，而唯一一个离家出走的未婚女子．由此可见，最后一段建议作者言行一致．故选A．本文主要讲述了作者想父亲让自己去读书的一次交谈过程．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．8.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】B 【小题3】D 【小题4】C【解析】（1）．C．细节理解题．根据第二段最后一句话" Overwintering is a sign that warmer temperatures change the bats' annual rhythms， Rotha msted biologist Phillip Stepanian says．" 可知，蝙蝠过冬的方式是一个迹象，表明了气温上升改变了它们每年的迁徙规律．故选C．（2）．B．细节理解题．根据第四段可知，蝙蝠迁徙时间的改变也会与降雨模式发生冲突，蝙蝠以季节性繁殖的昆虫为食，而他们过早地迁徙会导致喂养幼仔的困难，或者跳过繁殖期，这将导致蝙蝠数量减少，害虫增加，从而对农作物产生影响．故选B．（3）．D．推理判断题．根据最后一段可知，科学家们不确定仅仅是气候变化导致蝙蝠迁徙提前，蝙蝠还受到风速和风向等因素的影响．根据最后一句话 "Bats are mysterious little animals that move mostly at night and are difficult to observe a nd track，" Stepanian says． "We have this conceptual picture of what might be happening， but really tying it to the cause is the next step．"可知，蝙蝠是一种神秘的小动物，它们大多在夜间活动，很难观察和追踪．我们对可能发生的事情有了概念上的了解，但真正把它与原因联系起来是下一步．所以说对蝙蝠迁徙提前的原因还需要进一步的研究，故选D．（4）．C．主旨大意题．本文先提出蝙蝠迁徙提前的这种现象，然后分析了这种现象可能导致的后果，最后分析了可能导致蝙蝠迁徙提前的原因．关键词是蝙蝠的迁徙，故选C．本文先提出蝙蝠迁徙提前的这种现象，然后分析了这种现象可能导致的后果，最后分析了可能导致蝙蝠迁徙提前的原因．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．12.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】D 【小题3】C 【小题4】A【解析】（1）．B．推理判断题．根据第二段第一句话"Just a couple of months later， a survey by AAA （American Automobile Association） re vealed that 73 percent of Americans were too scared to zip around in a totally autonomous rid e-a 10 percent increase from a similar poll taken before Herzberg's death．" 可知，仅仅几个月后，美国汽车协会（AAA）的一项调查显示，73%的美国人害怕乘坐完全自动驾驶的汽车，这比赫茨伯格去世前的一项类似调查增加了10%，可以推断出人们对自动驾驶汽车的疑虑与日俱增．故选B．（2）．D．推理判断题．根据第三段"Before we venture into a crosswalk， we might first make eye contact with a driver and then think， He sees me， so I'm safe， or He doesn't， so I'm not．" 可知，我们在过马路之前，我们可能会和司机进行目光的交流，然后想，他看到我了，所以我很安全，或者他没有，所以我不安全．从这句话"But you can't make eye contact with an algorithm（计算程序）． When a car is in self-driving mode， the computer's in charge．" 可知，我们不能和计算程序交流，当一辆车处于自动驾驶模式时，是由计算机控制的．所以作者提到The theory of mind，是想告诉我们自动驾驶汽车并没有普通汽车安全．故D．（3）．C．推理判断题．第三段讲了自动驾驶汽车并没有普通汽车安全，本段开头However转折，那么下文应该讲自动驾驶汽车的安全的方面．本段说无人驾驶汽车并不意味着开车时模仿人类如何思考和行动．硅脑不会在分手后心烦意乱时做一些愚蠢的事情，比如发短信和开车，酒后驾车，或者在高速公路上狂奔，Marjory S． Blumenthal 相信它们有潜力比普通汽车更安全．故选C．（4）．A．观点态度题．根据倒数第二段"One practical way to create a reputation for safety is to start slow．"可知，作者认为创造安全声誉的一个切实可行的方法是慢慢开始． "We're trying to push the envelope but in a very careful way，" 可知，我们试图挑战极限，但要非常小心．最后一句话"Trust grows like a self-driving shuttle drives： slowly．"可知，人们会慢慢地建立起对无人驾驶汽车的信任，像自动驾驶的航天飞机．综合最后两段判断，作者对待无人驾驶汽车的态度是乐观的，谨慎的．故选A．本文介绍了一种新型的汽车---无人驾驶汽车，分析了人们对它的安全性能担忧的原因，又从另一方面分析了无人驾驶汽车的优势以及对它的乐观态度．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．16.【答案】【小题1】F 【小题2】C 【小题3】B 【小题4】G 【小题5】A【解析】1．F．推理判断题．根据前文But the next time you get an opportunity， watch your teacher during a speech． Chances ar e she or he will be listening with pen and paper．但下次你有机会的时候，要注意你的老师．她或他很可能会用钢笔和纸来听．可知当笔记做得很好时，它肯定会跟踪说话人的想法；故选F．2．C．推理判断题．根据前文They view note taking as a race， pitting their handwriting agility（敏捷） against the speaker's rate of speech把他们的笔迹敏捷（敏捷）与说话人的讲话速度相比较．可知记笔记的人开始写作；故选C．3．B．推理判断题．根据后文They arrive armed with pen， notebook， and the best of intentions．可他们带着笔、笔记本和最好的意图来到这里．知有些人走到了相反的极端．当演讲者开始说话；故选B．4．G．推理判断题．根据前文As these examples illustrate， they don't know what to listen for， and they don't know howto record what they do listen for．正如这些例子所说明的，他们不知道该听什么，也不知道如何记录他们所听的内容．可知例如，第一个问题的解决办法是专注于说话人的要点和证据；故选G．5．A．推理判断题．根据前文By separating main points from sub-points and evidence， the outline format shows the relati onships among the speaker's ideas通过将要点与子点和证据分开，大纲格式显示了说话人的观点之间的关系．可知完善这一方法需要练习；故选A本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了如何培养自己做笔记的技巧．七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子．解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近七的词），选出最符合语境的句子．21.【答案】略【解析】A 12． B13． D14． C15． B16． A17． C18． A19． D20．B 21． D 22．C 23． B 24． A 25． C26． A27． B28． C29．D =30． D做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意，一篇完形填空的文章会有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一遍，才能大概了解文章内容，千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致，选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．这篇完型要多注意：填空时多联系上下文，注意固定搭配，答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．41.【答案】【小题1】him 【小题2】if/whether【小题3】brings 【小题4】in【小题5】climbing【小题6】noisy 【小题7】and【小题8】were used【小题9】fastened【小题10】produced【解析】1．him，考查人称代词，作宾语，所以用宾格代词，故填him．2． if/whether，考查连词，表示"是否"引导宾语从句，故填if/whether．3． brings，考查主谓一致，主语为单数名词，所以用第三人称单数谓语，故填brings．4． in，考查固定搭配，in group以小组，故填in．5． climbing，考查动名词，介词后跟动名词，故填climbing．6． noisy，考查形容词，作表语，所以用形容词，故填noisy，7． and，考查连词，前后句意是并列关系，故填and连接．8． were used，考查时态语态，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，句子主语和use 之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，故填were used．9． fastened，考查时态，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态．故填fastened．10． produced，考查过去分词，produce和它所修饰的名词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语．故填produced．本文是三个片段：A：本文通过一个面包师的故事告诉我：想要别人对你诚信，你要先对别人诚信．B：巴西、澳大利亚和印度等国的鹦鹉的生活情况．C：讲述放风筝在中国很流行，并且讲述它的名字的来历．本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复。
2020年北京市丰台区丰台路中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析
2020年北京市丰台区丰台路中学高三英语二模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AWhile Jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor（监控器）a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.Using a web camera equipped in Jennifer'sLos Angelesapartment, the monitor inPhoenixtracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. Her Internet access was locked remotely to prevent Internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: Did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past？Or was she slowing down？In the battle against cheating, this is thecutting edgeand a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. This technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. Only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can Internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid — that students haven't searched the Internet to get the right answers.Although online classes have existed for more than a decade, the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of "open online courses". Private colleges, public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students, while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.Aside from the web cameras, a number of other high-tech methods are becoming increasingly popular. Among them are programs that check students’ identities using personal information, such as the telephone numbers they once used.Other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones. As in many university classes, term papers are scanned against some large Internet data banks for cheating.1. Why was Jennifer watched in an online exam?A. To correct her typing mistakes.B. To find her secrets in the room.C. To keep her from dishonest deeds.D. To prevent her from slowing down.2. What does the underlined expression "cutting edge" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. sharpening toolB. advanced techniqueC. effective ruleD. dividing line3. How can some programs find out possiblecheaters?A. By scanning the Internet test questions.B. By checking the question answering speed.C. By producing a large number of questions.D. By giving difficult test questions.BGlobal food demand will double by 2050, according to a new projection, and the farming techniques used to meet that unprecedented(空前的) demand will significantly determine how severe the impact is on the environment, researchers said.The study researchers warned that meeting the demand for food would clear more land, increase nitrogen(氮) use and significantly add to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.“Agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions could double by2050 if current trends in global food production continue,” study researcher David Tilman, of theUniversityofMinnesota, said in a statement. “This would be a major problem, since global agriculture already accounts for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions.”The researchers studied various ways in which the increasing food demand could be mentioned. They found that the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach would be for more food producers to adopt the nitrogen-efficient “intensive” farming method, which involves the heavy use of labor and the production of more crops per acre.This approach was shown to be more effective than the “extensive” farming currently practiced by many poor nations, a method that includes clearing more new land to produce more food.Different farming methods produce significantly different yields, the researchers found — in 2005, the crop yields for the wealthiest nations were more than 300 percent higher than what the poorest nations produced.According to their analysis of the effects of extensive farming, if poorer nations continue using this method, by 2050theywill have cleared an area larger than theUnited States, about 2.5 billion acres. However, if wealthy nations help poorer nations to improve food yields by incorporating(吸收) intensive farming practices, that number could be reduced to half a billion acres.The researchers stress that the environmental effects of meeting future food demand depend on how global agriculture expands and develops.“Our analyses show that we cansave most of the Earth’s remaining ecosystems by helping the poorer nations of the world feed themselves,” Tilman said.4. What is the best title of this passage?A. The World Will Need Double Food by 2050B. Man Will Face the Risk of Lacking Food in the FutureC. Future Farmers Hold Environment’s Fate in Their HandsD. Different Farming Methods Produce Significantly Different Yields5. The character of the extensive farming is ________.A. very cost-effectiveB. to produce more crops per acreC. at cost of more new land to produce more foodD. very environmentally friendly6. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A. poorer nations mainly use the intensive farmingB. wealthy nations mainly use the extensive farmingC. the intensive farming needs less food producersD. the extensive farming has a worse effect on ecosystems7. According to the passage, the underlined word “they” in the 7th paragraph refers to “________”.A. poorer nationsB. the effects of extensive farmingC. wealthy nationsD.future food demandCDisease-carrying mosquitoes can spread diseases without affecting themselves. Nearly 700 million people get a mosquito-borne illness each year, which results in over one million deaths. Humans experience continuous pressures from disease-carrying mosquitoes in many parts of the world, so we have to find ways to fight against those insects because they keep getting scarier.Even though DEET remains the most commonly used, and most powerful, mosquito repellent ever developed,scientists are actively pursuing effective products based entirely on plant oils. While DEET is an effective contact repellent, many people dislike the oily feel and smell on their skin, and sometimes some people are sensitive to it. Consumers are always interested in alternatives to DEET and other synthetic repellents, so there are numerous natural repellents on the market.In his lab atIowaStateUniversity, Dr. Joel Coats and his team have successfully tested these repellents against three species of dangerous mosquitoes. The first group of the new repellents act through the air. These chemicals have a vapor action that provides protection, and they are called “spatial” repellents, since they act through space. These are potentially most useful in backyards, parks, and houses. The other group are the classic ones that stop insects from standing on a treated surface, such as human skin, clothing or tents; collaborators at the USDA-ARS and BioGents have conducted testing with humans to confirm the effectiveness and identify the very best ones.The new repellents were designed and made from the natural materials in plant essential oils. They maintain many of the advantages of the natural repellents: They are fully biodegradable, with no ecological concerns or environmental wastes, and generally considered safe like the thousands of types of plant essential oils used in the flavor and perfume industries. However, thorough testing will be conducted to determine if they are truly non-poisonous because there is still no enough evidence.8. What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 1?A. The way mosquitoes spread disease.B. The high death rate of mosquito-borne illness.C. The difficulty of fighting disease-carrying mosquitoes.D. The urgency of finding tools to fight against mosquitoes.9. What is a disadvantage of DEET?A. It won’t be effective for long.B. It can’t be applied universally.C. It causes discomfort to the users.D. It greatly harms people’s health.10. What can we learn about the second group of the new repellents?A. They can kill mosquitoes indirectly.B. They are mainly used in the open air.C. They are more effective on human skin.D. They can prevent mosquitoes from contacting users.11. What’s the author’s attitude to the new repellents?A. Subjective.B. Objective.C. Doubtful.D. Disapproving.DAccording to the study posted onScienceDirect, gardening just two to three times a week increase the benefits of better well-being as much as possible and lower stress levels.The research explored why residents engaged with gardening and the extent to which they recognized any health benefits from the activity.A questionnaire was handed out electronically within theUK, with 5,766 gardeners and 249 non-gardeners responding. Data was collected on factors including garden typology（类型学）, frequency of gardening and individual awareness of health and well-being."This is the first time the dose response（剂量效应）to gardening has been tested and the evidence from the survey strongly suggests that the more frequently you garden, the greaterthe health benefits," said Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) lead author Dr Lauriane Chalmin-Pui. In fact, gardening every day has the same positive impact on well-being than undertaking regular and powerful exercise like cycling or running.When gardening, our brains are pleasantly entertained by nature around us. Gardening takes our attention away from ourselves and our stresses, therefore, it helps restore our minds and reduce unfavorable feelings.Improving health, however, was not the main motive power to garden, but rather the direct pleasure gardening brought to the participants."Gardening is like effortless exercise because it doesn't feel as exhausting and hard as going to the gym, for example, but we canexpendsimilar amounts of energy," Chalmin-Pui added.Most people say they garden for pleasure and enjoyment, so people who like gardening may be easy to be addicted to it. However, this sometimes may become a piece of good news, from the aspect of mental health. "We hope all the millions of new gardeners will be getting their daily gardening and feeling all the better for it. " Chalmin-Pui said in the interview.12. What can be inferred about gardening from the survey?A. Improving health is the aim of the participants.BGardening makes no difference to health.C. Health benefits from frequent gardening.D. Too much gardening always does harm to health.13. What does the underlined word "expend" mean in paragraph 7?A. Consume.B. Make use of.C. Increase.D. Save.14. Why do so many participantslike gardening?A. It isn't exhausting.B. It is good for health.C. It brings pleasure.D. It is like going to the gym.15. What is Chalmin-Pui's attitude to the new gardeners' gardening?A. Carefree.B. SupportiveC. Tolerant.D. Indifferent.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
北京市丰台区2020届高三英语下学期综合练习(二模)试题(二)(含答案)
北京市丰台区2020届高三英语下学期综合练习（二模）试题（二）本试卷满分共120分考试时间100分钟注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、年级、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。
2.本次考试所有答题均在答题卡上完成。
选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。
非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。
3.请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试卷、草稿纸上答题无效。
4.请保持答题卡卡面清洁，不要装订、不要折叠、不要破损。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
AEsias Bedingar always knew he wanted to study medicine. After 1 (decide) to experience a new culture, he came from Africa to the USA. There was one challenge: He 2 (speak) no English. But within just four months, he completed the ESL program. Three years later, he finished his undergraduate degree and was accepted to Harvard University, where he is pursuing a master’s degree in public health. He said it was 3 (he) dream that got him to Harvard.BConfucius (孔子), born in the district of Zou, near today’s Qufu city in Shandong province, was an educator and philosopher (哲学家) 4 founded Confucianism, a school of thought that deeply influenced later generations. He was the first Chinese to set up private schools and enroll students from all walks of life. Confucius 5 (regard) as a symbol of China’s traditional culture. Nowadays, Qufu holds memorial events every year 6(honor) him and popularize his theory to the younger generations.CEverything happens for a reason. Nothing happens by chance or by means of good luck. Injury, 7 (ill), love, and lost moments of true greatness all occur to test the limits of your soul. 8 these small tests, life wouldbe like a straight flat road to nowhere. It would be safe and comfortable, 9 dull and completely pointless. The success and downfall you experience helpsto create who you are and decide 10 you go.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2020届北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案
2020届北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn September, something terrible happened on the west coast ofTasmania,Australia. As many as 380 pilot whales became stranded(搁浅) in shallow water there and later died. This might have beenAustralia’s largest stranding event on record, the BBC reported.But this large amount of whale stranding is not uncommon. For centuries, it has happened all over the world and has puzzled scientists. Scientists say the cause is often unknown. But they have offered many different explanations.Some say the whales chase small fish for food and end up in shallow water because they are not paying attention to where they are going.Others think the stranding has something to do with Earth’s geomagnetic field (地磁场). They say that a geomagnetic compass in whales’ brains controls their position. Unusual changes in Earth’s magnetic field can affect the whales’ compasses and send them in the wrong direction.Another explanation suggests that stranding is caused by the close relationships that whales have. Pilot whales travel in large groups. One lead whale might mistakenly lead the whole group to shallow water. “And if one gets into trouble, the others will not leave,” said Sheryl Gibney, a leading biologist fromNew Zealand. “Some will come in and try to help, they get trapped on the beach, then more will come.”The whales are trapped by mistake or out of sympathy(同情). Once they get stranded, they will likely die. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of theUS, less than 10 percent of all stranded whales survive.1. What do we know about the stranding inAustralia?A. It happened on theeast coast ofAustralia.B. It caused the death of over 300 pilot whales.C. It is commonly seen in September each year.D. It was the largest stranding event in the world.2. According to Gibney, the pilot whales are the animals that________.A. are kind to each otherB. are easy to lose directionC. are too huge to float in the seaD.are silly to follow the leading whale3. What is the story mainly about?A. How human activity has affected whales.B. What might cause whale strandings.C. How whales find their direction while traveling.D. What scientists are doing to save stranded whales.BJake Oldershaw and his daughter Mollie from Birmingham, Britain have asthma (哮喘). Mollie, 11, has required hospital treatment several times while Jake Says he always finds breathing more difficult when there is heavy traffic. Air quality has an enormous impact on their lives and both noticed a marked improvement during the spring lockdown because of the epidemic (疫情). Jake said, “During lockdown there was a noticeable difference in air quality. I didn't suffer any asthmatic attacks during that period. These days you can feel the effects.”However, under current COVID-19 restrictions in the UK this winter, many people probably will have to work from home. The Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit (ECIU) says while emissions (排放) have dropped this year because we've been travelling less and doing less, the expected use ofgas boilers to provide heating and hot water could rise by more than half.Heating accounts for nearly 37% of the UK's total carbon emissions. Modelling by the ECIU suggests a 56% increase in boiler usage this winter resulting in a 12% increase in emissions of carbon. The ECIU says that's enough to offset the last two years' worth of progress on reducing traffic emissions.Jess Ralston, author of the analysis for the ECIU, said, “Working from home and having increased gas use in the home could be really critical for air pollution and also climate change. The way we heat our homes needs to change if we are to get to net zero by 2050.”Jess Ralston said, “The increase in pollution from gas boilers expected this winter provides a graphic illustration (图解) of their forgotten role in air pollution. And it is a role set to continue without practical policies to decarbonize home heating. ”The government is set to publish its Heat and Buildings Decarbonisation Strategy in a few weeks which is expected to give details on plans to try to switch British homes to cleaner sources of heat.4. How did the spring lockdown in the UK affect Jake?A. He was cured of his asthma.B. He had to go to hospital for retreatment.C. He suffered a noticeable difficulty in study.D. He didn't suffer any asthmatic attacks during that period.5. What is concerning the Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit?A. The epidemic will become worse.B. Air pollution will get worse this winter.C. People may have to work from home longer.D. There is less energy for gas boilers in winter.6. What would Jess Ralston agree with?A. People prefer to work from home in winter.B. The government failed to protect the environment.C. People tend to ignore the harmful effect of home heating.D. The climate has suffered a lot from the epidemic this year.7. How to improve air quality during winter according to Jess Ralston?A. A warmer winter season.B. Less and less gas boilers.C. Practical plans from the government.D. Improved awareness of cutting down pollution.CAccording to a survey published by the American Institutes for Research last year, a total of 57 colleges were operating some form of CBE programs and about 85 percent of all the higher education officials said they were either designing a CBE program at their school or were considering doing so.Students in a CBE program choose a central field of study, just as they would at a traditional college or university. Yet instead of attending a series of classes led by professors or teaching assistants at schools, the students study online and direct themselves.CBE programs require students to show their understanding of a given set of sills Students must prove their mastery of skills that relate to their field of choice by taking related exams. Once they have met all the requirements of their study programs, the students will get their degrees.CBE programs have made use of many new technologies, especially internet and online media. This helps reduce barriers for nontraditional and other students by bringing higher education to them. And programs that permit students to work at their own speed may save students' money by reducing the time it takes for them to earn a degree.But some educators have concerns about the value of the education that CBE programs offer. Johann Neem atWesternWashingtonUniversityargues that the purpose of higher education is not simply to help students master certain skills. It should teach students how to think critically (批判性地) understand the subjects they are studying more deeply and see how they are connected to other subjects. Only that way can they put the knowledge to better use.He said, “You need to explore, think .. get shaken, have a conversation and struggle. Andthose things take time.”Instead of supporting CBE, he adds, policy makers and educators should look for ways to improve access and reduce costs for traditional higher education.8. How are CBE programs different from traditional college education?A. They require students to choose their subjects.B. They offer shorter curricula and are less expensive.C. They heavily rely on the information technologies.D. They allow students to take easier examinations.9. What can we learn from Johann Neem's words?A Free access to traditional education should be provided.B. Higher education just focuses on critical thinking skills.C. Students should spend longer time completing the degree courses.D. College students should be challenged to explore around their subjects.10. How does Johann Neem's attitude toward CBE programs?A. Supportive.B. Disapproving.C. Sympathetic.D. Uncaring.11. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?A. To press policy-makers to provide more affordable education.B. To show the disadvantages of the traditional college education.C. To introduce a new controversial trend in the higher education.D. To encourage educators to improve the quality of CBE programs.DScientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (麻省理工学院) have turned spider webs into music——creating an strange soundtrack that could help them better understand how the spiders output their complex creations and even how they communicate.The MIT team worked with Berlin-based artist Tomas Saraceno to take 2D (two-dimensional) laser (激光) scans of a spider web, which were linked together and made into a mathematical model that could recreate the web in 3Din VR (virtual reality). They also worked with MIT’s music department to create the virtual instrument.“Even though the web looks really random (随机)，there actually are a lot of inside structures and you can visualize (可视化) them and you can look at them, but it’s really hard to grasp for the human imagination or human brain to understand all these structural details,” said MIT engineering professor Markus Buehler, who presented the work on Monday at a virtual meeting of the American Chemical Society.Listening to the music while moving through the VR spider web lets you see and hear these structural changes and gives a better idea of how spiders see the world, he told CNN. “Spiders use vibrations (振动) as a way to locate themselves, to communicate with other spiders and so the idea of thinking really like a spider would experience the world was something that was very important to us as spider material scientists,” Buehler said.Spiders are able to build their webs without shelves or supports, so having a better idea of how they work could lead to the development of advanced new 3D printing techniques. “The reason why I did that is I wanted to be able to get information really from the spider world, which is very weird and mysterious,” Buehler explained. In addition to the scientific value, Buehler said the webs are musically interesting and that you can hear the sounds the spider creates during construction. “It’s unusual and eerie and scary, but finally beautiful.” he described.12. What have MIT scientists done according to the passage?A. They have translated spider webs into sounds.B. They have made a mathematical model to produce webs.C. They have created a soundtrack to catch spiders.D. They have known how spiders communicate.13. What can we know about spider webs from paragraph 3?A. Their structures are beautiful and clear.B. Professor Markus Buehler knows them well.C. The American Chemical Society presents the result.D. They are complex for people to figure it out.14. In which field will the study be helpful?A. virtual realityB. printingC. paintingD. film-making15. What is the main idea of the passage?A. It tells us that the music created by spiders is scary.B. It shows how the researchers carry out the experiment.C. It presents a new and creative way to study spiders.D. It explains why scientists did the experiment.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案
2020年北京市丰台区丰台第一中学高三英语二模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman, they write “The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first semester.” College is a more pressured environment than it used to be, in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased. Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex, drugs and alcohol. Most don’t know how to manage their time or money. They often feel lonely and overwhelmed, resulting in anxiety and depression.Nancy Corbin, director of clinical service for student-counseling (咨询) services at Iowa State University, says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making the adjustment to college life. She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that aren’t easily defined or fixed. And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently. For example, by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars. The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course. “Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,” they say. Many homesick freshmen think they’ll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving. So parents can help by letting them know they’re welcome to return if they feel the need. In the meantime, parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids. One of the best ways is e-mail. It’s less unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.1. Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?A. Because they often fail in exams.B. Because they lack time and money.C. Because they are too homesick to make new friends.D. Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.2. In the last paragraph, it is suggested that ________.A. parents should stop buying anything for their kidsB. parents should develop a good relationship with their kidsC. parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kidsD. parents should work with high schools in college-life courses3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Hard Life of College FreshmenB. Approaches to Trouble in CollegeC. Freshmen’s Adaptation ProblemsD. A Strange Phenomenon in CollegeBBertha von Suttner received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1905—she was the first woman to receive it, and also the inspiration for the creation of the Nobel Prize.She met Alfred Nobel, a rich millionaire, by answering hisnewspaper ad for a secretary. Although she only worked for him for a few weeks, she remained good friends with Alfred Nobel for the next 20 years. When she became involved in the peace movement inEurope, she promised to keep Nobel informed of its progress. When Alfred Nobel died in 1896, his will included the establishment of a peace prize, thanks to Bertha von Suttner’s influence.Bertha von Suttner was born in an aristocratic (贵族) military family, but she spent the second half of her life working for peace. She wrote books, attended peace conferences, gave lectures and helped organize peace societies inAustria,GermanyandHungary, as well as the International Peace Bureau inSwitzerland. Her novel Lay Down your Arms, was one of the most influential anti-war books of all time, and helped to make her a leader of the peace movement in Europe. Its end to war theme was both the ambition (抱负) and the most important goal in the life of this great woman.Bertha von Suttner worked so hard for peace because she believed that a terrible war would break out inEuropeif nations didn’t work hard to establish lasting peace institutions. She made many major achievements for a more peaceful world, but two months after she died, World War I broke out. A hundred years after she won the Nobel Peace Prize, nations still seem to view war as a choice to work out their problems. But like Bertha von Suttner did, many today are working hard around the world to help strengthen peace institutions and spread the idea that it’s time to put an end to war.4. Which of the following is true about Bertha von Suttner?A. She worked for Alfred Nobel for 20 years.B. She helped Alfred Nobel draw up his will.C. She persuaded Alfred Nobel to join the peace movement.D. She inspired Alfred Nobel to establish the Nobel Peace Prize.5. Paragraph 3 is mainly about Bertha von Suttner’s _____________.A. efforts and contributions to the peace movement.B. family background and work experiences.C. writing career and life experiences.D. ambition and goals in life.6. What do we know aboutLay Doun Your Arms?A. It was based on a true story.B. It recorded Bertha von Suttner’s daily life.C. It was about an aristocratic military family.D. It showed Bertha von Suttner’s wish for peace.7. What can we infer about Bertha von Suttner from the last paragraph?A. Her fight for peace is still shared by many.B. She failed to found peace institutions.C. She successfully predicted awar.D. She lost her life in World War I.CA year ago I received a full scholarship to attend the University of San Francisco. All of my hard work paid off. My mom had spent a lot on my attending a private high school, so I made sure to push myself: I volunteered, took part in various clubs, and graduated with honors. I was so excited to start a new part of my life.Soon enough, the big day came, but it wasn't like what I had thought. The first two weeks were the most difficult days of my entire life. Every night I would cry myself to sleep. I was missing my family, my home and everything in my hometown so much and I didn’t know how to deal with my broken heart.To distract myself, I threw myself into my studies. I also found a ton of jobs. In any free time, I started forcing myself to go to the gym. I wanted to keep every part of my day busy so I wouldn’t think about how lonely I felt. Soon after, I began to control my eating, considering it another solution to my homesickness. But soon there was something wrong with me.Finally, I went to see a doctor. When the doctor told me I had no choice but to take time away from school, I started to fear. How could I stop? School was what I was best at. “I’m not so bad,” I thought in my head. But the result was that I was taken to hospital again a month later and my mother camewoefully. I had to take a semesteroff from school, and go to the treatment center near my home.If there are girls who are suffering similarly, I hope you know that there is hope and that you should have a positive attitude towards life. Though you may feel alone, there are so many people who can understand your struggle. That’s why I want to share my story.8. Why did the author push herself during high school?A. She wanted to attend the University of San Francisco.B. It cost too much to study in a private school.C. Her parents controlled much of her life.D. Her family put her under pressure,9. What can we know about the author in the first two weeks?A. She couldn't fall asleep because of pressure.B. She couldn't pay attention to her study.C. She couldn't deal with her homesickness.D. She couldn't catch up with others.10. What does the underlined word “woefully” in paragraph 4 mean?A. Sadly.B. Surprisingly.C. Curiously.D. Happily.11. What is the author's purpose in writing this text?A. To look back on her past life.B. To increase her own confidence.C. To express appreciation to her mother.D. To encourage other girls like her to be positive.DThe health benefits of staying active are already well-known. It can help you manage weight, keep blood sugar levels down and reduce risk factors for heart disease.Now, a new study suggests that regularly playing sports, especially badminton or tennis, is not only healthy but also reduces your risk of death, at any age, by approximately 50%. This is a big scale population study to explore the health benefits of sports in terms of death rate. The study evaluated responses from 80, 306 adults aged 30 and above inEnglandandScotland, who were surveyed about their health, lifestyle and exercise patterns.After adjusting factors such as age, sex, weight, smoking habits, alcohol use, education and other forms of exercise besidesthe named sports, the researchers compared the risk of death among people who took part in a sport to those who didn’t. The percentage of reduced risk of death was found to be: 47% for racket（球拍）sports, 28% for swimming and 15% for cycling.In addition to this, the study didn’t find any significant reduction in the risk for sports like running and football. The findings also exposed that over 44% of the participants met the guidelines for the recommended exercise levels to stay fit and healthy, which amounts to 150 minutes of moderate(适度的) physical activity in a week.Does this mean you stop running or playing football and switch to tennis instead? Every kind of sport and physical activity has different physical, social and mental benefits attached to it. The apparent lack of benefits of running and football could result from several variables that were not taken into account.Being active helps you feel happier and live longer. So, the most important step is to take part in any kind of sport that you are likely to enjoy and follow in the long term.12. How is the study conducted?A. By doing comparative experiments.B. By analyzing previous data.C. By evaluating survey information.D. By tracking participants for a long time.13. What does the underlined part “the named sports” refer to?A. Ball sports.B. Racket sports.C. Individual sports.D. Traditional sports.14. What can we infer from paragraph 5?A. Few people will play football.B. Tennis will become more popular.C. The result of this study is wrong.D. The study needs to be further improved.15. What does the author advise people to do?A. Stick to any sport that you like.B. Play badminton and tennis only.C. Stop running and playing football.D. Do any sport according to guidelines.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年北京市丰台区实验学校高三英语二模试题及答案
2020年北京市丰台区实验学校高三英语二模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AI truly thought thatI might die that day. Had I not seen three bears and a few wolves over the last couple of days near the road, I might have just lain down and called it quits. What in the world was I thinking, dragging my bike up to Yellowstone and thinking I could ride from West Yellowstone to Old Faithful in the snow? No less!I had planned this trip for more than two months, and I wasn't about to give up so easily. The first few miles were beautiful. Ten miles in, I started sucking wind. Fifteen miles and my legs felt like they were made of lead. By twenty miles, my lungs were burning and felt like there was nothing left in the tank. That was when I turned around and saw my husband and three children cheering me on in the van behind me. I knew I couldn't quit because I tell my children all the time that just because something is hard doesn't mean that you stop doing it. I had to live what I'd been preaching(说教). That thought got me up that mountain and to the end of the ride.The importance of that ride was apparent after only a week. My eight-year-old daughter Emalee wanted to ride in a twelve-mile charity ride. That day was cold as well. She was the youngest rider. About four miles into the ride, she started feeling cold. The chill(寒冷)was making her muscles cramp a little and she began to struggle. By six miles, she had tears running down her face. It broke my heart to see her suffering like that.I told herthat she didn't have to finish. She said that she wouldn't quit. I told her how I had wanted to quit the week before, but perseverance had gotten me to the end and I knew she could do it, too.The look on her face as she pulled into the finish was priceless. She threw her arms around me and said, “You didn't quit, Mommy, so neither did I.”1. What motivated the author to finish her ride?A. Her family's encouragement.B. Her own instruction for children.C. The beautiful scenery and weather.D. The careful and thorough preparation.2. By describing the conditions Emalee met, the author wanted to________.A. show her guilt for her daughterB. prove that riding is a tough taskC. persuade her daughter to give upD. indicate she was proud of Emalee3. What does the author want to tell us according to the story?A. Never say die.B. Do nothing by halves.C. Children are what the mothers are.D. Every mother's child is handsome.BThe Gata used to look annoyed when they received power bills that routinely topped $200. Last September the couple moved into a 1,500-square-foot home in Premier Gardens, an area of 95 “zero-energy homes” (ZEH) just outside town. Now they're actually eager to see their electricity bills. The grand total over the 10 months they've lived in the three-bedroom house: $75. For the past two months, they haven’t paid a cent.ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume. Premier Gardens is one of a half-dozen subdivisions (住宅开发项目) in California where every home cuts power consumption by 50%, mostly by using low power appliances and solar panels.Aside from the panels on the roof, Premier Gardens looks like a community of traditional homes. But inside, special windows cut power bills by blocking solar heat in summer and keeping indoor warmth winter.The rest of the energy savings comes from the solar units. They don't just feed the home they serve. If they generate more power than the home is using, the excess flows into the utility's power grid(电网). The residents are billed by “net metering”: they pay for the amount of power that they get from the grid, minus the kilowatts(千瓦) they feed into it. If a home generates more power than it uses, the bill is zero.That sounds like a bad deal for the power company, but it's not. Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. "It helps us lower usage at peak power times," says solar expert Mike Keesee. “That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time.”What’s not to like? Mostly the costs. The special features can add $25,000 or more to the purchase price of a house. Tax breaks bring the cost down, especially in California, but in many states ZEHs can be extremely expensive. For the consumer, it's a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the power bill.4. Why is the Gata eager to see their electricity bills now?A. They want to cut down their utility' expenses.B. They want to know if they are able to pay.C. They want to see how much they have saved.D. They want to avoid being overcharged.5. What is special about the ZEH communities?A. They are built in harmony with the environment.B. They have created cutting edge technologies.C. They are subdivided into half a dozen sections.D. They aim to be independent in power supply.6. What does the "net metering" practice mean to the power company?A. More pressure at peak timeB. Reduced operational costs.C. Increased electricity output.D. Less profits in the short term.7. The author believes that buying a house in a ZEH community __________.A. is a worthy investment in the long runB. is but a dream for average consumersC. gives the owner great tax benefitsD. contributes toenvironmental protectionCA man in Indonesia is walking backwards for 435 miles. He's making the trip to encourage the government and others to value and protect Indonesia's rainforests.Medi Bastoni is 43 years old. He is an Indonesian. Indonesia is a large country in the world formed by a group of islands. There are over 16, 000 islands there，and most of them are covered with rainforests. But on Java, where Mr. Bastoni lives, far more forests have been cleared.Mr. Bastoni believes it's important to protect forests from being cut down, and to restore (恢复) them when they have been destroyed. Near his home, Mount Wilis is now being restored, but Mr. Bastoni wants to make the protection continue. That's how he came up with the idea of the 435-mile walk.And walking backwards? Mr. Bastoni wants Indonesians to look back at their past. Walking backwards is a good way to get attention. Right now, Mr. Bastoni's backward walk is pretty big news in Indonesia.Mr. Bastoni is wearing a frame(框架)that supports a large mirror in front of him, above his head. This allows Mr. Bastoni to look behind him while walking backwards. Besides, Mr. Bastoni is carrying a backpack with some clothes and a little food. He is planning on buying more meals from restaurants along the way. He has been sleeping at police stations, security posts, and even strangers homes during the trip. His plan is to cover about 19 miles a day. In early August he was in Sragen -- about 100 miles from his home. It's not clear whether Mr. Bastoniis still on track to arrive in Jakarta by August 17.8. What do we know about rainforests in Indonesia?A. Indonesia has the largest area of rainforests in the world.B. The loss of rainforests is getting serious on Java.C. The islands there are all covered by rainforests.D Local people pay great attention to rainforests.9. Why did Mr Bastoni want to take the 435-mile walk?A With the purpose of fighting climate change.B. With the aim of becoming a healthy person.C. With the hope of rebuilding rainforests.D. With deep love for traditional sports.10. What's the function of the large mirror?A. To make sure of Mr. Bastoni's safety.B. To show Mr. Bastoni's position correctly.C. To allow Mr. Bastoni to look forwards easily.D. To help Mr. Bastoni enjoy views on the road.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. The difficulty of protecting rainforests in Indonesia.B. The importance of rainforests to Indonesia.C. A trip to recall history and attract attention.D. A walking backwards trip to save rainforests.DWhen almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline（座机）?These days you’d be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter（29%）rely only on their smartphones according to a survey（调查）. Of those Australians who still have a landline, a thirdconcedethat it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while afurther13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor （因素）— only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlinesnow and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn’t the only factor; I’d say it’s also to do with the makeup of your household.Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who iscalling before we pick up the phone（using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）.How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries?12. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobilephones?A. Their target users.B. Their wide popularity.C. Their major functions.D. Their complex design.13. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Admit.B. Argue.C. Remember.D. Remark.14. What can we say about Baby Boomers?A. They like smartphone games.B. They enjoy guessing callers’ identity.C. They keep using landline phones.D. They are attached to their family.15. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?A. It remains a family necessity.B. Itwill fall out of use some day.C. It may increase daily expenses.D. It is as important as the gas light.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年北京市丰台第二中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案
2020年北京市丰台第二中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMy Biggest ChallengeAs a writer on an adventure sports magazine, I’dalways fought shy of doing the adventurous stuff myself, preferring instead to observe the experts from a safe distance and relay their experiences to readers in the form of written language. Thus, when I was challenged to take part in a mountain climb in aid of raising money for charity-and to write about it afterwards-I was unwilling, to say the least.I was lucky enough to have a brilliant climbing coach called Keith, who put me through my paces after my daily work. He gave me knowledge about everything from the importance of building muscle groups to how to avoid tiredness through nutrition. It quickly became apparent that the mechanics of climbing were more complex than I had imagined. There was the equipment and techniques I’d never even heard of, all of which would come in handy on the snow-capped peak I’d be climbing.Aware of the challenge, Keith made a detailed action plan and I forced myself to stick to it, doing a daily workout at the gym and going on hikes with a heavy pack. I perfected my technique on the climbing wall and even went to climb the mountains to get vital experience. My self-belief increased alongside my muscle power and I became confident about finishing the climb.All too soon I was on a plane to my destination. On that day, when I looked up at the mountain, I thought of abandoning it. But then I remembered all the hard work I’d done and how disappointed Keith would be if I gave up at the last minute-not to mention letting down the charity and the sense of failure I’d experience myself. With a deep breath I gathered my equipment and headed out into the sunshine to meet the rest of the group.And as I sit here now, tapping away on my laptop, I’m amazed at the details in which I can recall every second of the climb: the burning muscles, the tiredness, the minor problems along the way. Could I have been better prepared? Possibly. Would I be back for another go? Thankfully not. The feeling of being excited when I stood on top of the world is a never-to-be-repeated experience but one I will enjoy forever nevertheless.1. At the beginning of the activity, the author revealed his ______.A. disappointment in the coming adventure.B. expectation of writing about his experience.C. lack of enthusiasm for the challenge he’d been offered.D. curiosity about taking part in the mountain climb for charity.2. What did the author realise during his climb training?A. The knowledge about climbing was really confusing.B. The equipment was the key factor to reach the peak.C. Climbing was much more complicated than expected.D. Hard training was far more important than making plans.3. How did the author feel after he succeeded in climbing the mountain?A. He was relieved that he wouldn’t have to do it again.B. He was well satisfied that he had done his best for it.C. He was surprised that he had managed to complete it.D.He was regretful that it wasn’t as smooth as imagined.BMost people around the world are right-handed. This also seems to be true in history. In 1799, scientists studied works of art made at different times from 1,500 B.C. to the 1950s. Most of the people shown in these works are right-handed, so the scientists guessed that right-handedness has always been common through history. Today, only about 10% to 15% of the world’s population is left-handed.Why are there more right-handed people than left-handed ones? Scientists now know that a person’s two hands each have their own jobs. For most people, the left hand is used to find things or hold things. The right hand is used to work with things. This is because of the different work of the two sides of the brain. The right side of the brain, which makes a person’s hands and eyes work together, controls the left hand. The left-side of the brain, which controls the right hand, is the centre for thinking and doing problems. These findings show that more artists should be left-handed, and studies have found that left-handedness is twice as common among artists as among people in other jobs.No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed instead of left-handed. Scientists have found that almost 40% of the people become left-handed because their main brain is damaged when they are born. However, this doesn’t happen to everyone, so scientists guess there must be another reason why people become left-handed. One idea is that people usually get right-handed from their parents. If a person does not receive the gene(基因) for right-handedness, he / she may become either right-handed or left-handed according to the chance and the people they work or live with.Though right-handedness is more common than left-handedness, people no longer think left-handed people are strange or unusual. A long time ago, left-handed children were made to use their right hands like other children, but today they don’t have to.4. After studying works of art made at different times in history, the scientists found _______.A. the art began from 1,500B.C.B. the works of art ended in the 1950sC. most people shown in the works of art are right-handedD. most people shown in the works of art are left-handed5. What is the left hand for most people used to do?A. It’s used to find or hold things.B. It’s used to work with things.C. It’s used to make a person’s eyes work together.D. It’s the centre for thinking and doing problems.6. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. No one really knows what makes a person become right-handed.B. Left-handedness is cleverer than right-handedness.C. Today children are not made to use their right hands only.D. Scientists think there must be some reason why people become left-handed.7. The best title for this passage is _______.A. Scientists’ New InventionsB. Left-handed PeopleC. Which HandD. Different Brains, Different HandsCEvery day in the United States animals are beaten, ignored, or forced to struggle for survival. Left in poor conditions with no food or water, they have little hope as they live out their days without the mercy they deserve. Some are found and rescued, given the chance to experience how great life and humans can be; others aren't so lucky. To grow as a nation, we must fight for these abused(受虐待的) animals’ rights and seriously punish heartless owners.One of the first steps in protecting animals and creating effective cruelty laws is to know what animal cruelty actually is. There are two categories: passive cruelty and active cruelty. The first involves acts of omission, meaning the abuse happens as a result of ignorance or lack of action. Passive cruelty might seem less serious, butthat is not the case; it can lead to terrible pain and suffering, and finally death. Examples include starvation, inadequate shelter in extreme weather conditions, and the failure to get medical care. Passive cruelty is sometimes due to the owner's ignorance, so many animal control officers will first try to educate ignorant owners on how to properly care for animals before giving them a citation(传票) or putting them in prison.Active cruelty, on the other hand, is more well-known and disturbing. Sometimes referred to as non-accidental injury, this type of abuse involves purposeful harm on an animal in order to feel more powerful or gain control. Active cruelty against animals should be taken very seriously, since it can be a sign that a person has serious psychological issues and may commit more acts of violence---possibly against humans.It is hard to tell just what drives people to harm innocent animals. Most animal abusers find some sort of achievement or power in torturing a victim that they know can't fight back. While not all animal abusers become serial killers, it is important to take every case seriously.As a nation we need to make it our right to come together and ensure the safety of our beloved pets. As Margaret Mead once said, “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”8. What is the first step to do with the passive cruelty abusers?A. To throw them into prison.B. To bring the case to the court.C. To teach them how to treat animals.D. To give them a strong warning.9. We can learn from Para.3 that active cruelty ______.A. is actually a sign of power or controlB. has been taken seriously in the nationC. may lead to serious psychological problemsD. may cause acts of violence against humans10. What is the author’s attitude towards animal cruelty?A. Uncertain.B. Doubtful.C. Concerned.D. Pessimistic.11. The author wrote this passage to ______.A. warn those heartless pet ownersB. tell people the harm of animal crueltyC. explain the reasons why people harm animalsD. call on people to fight for the abused animalsDSome of the oldest art in human history is being damaged, scientists say. And climate change may be speeding up its loss. Newresearch reports that ancient rock art in Indonesian caves is degrading over time, as bits of rock slowly break off from the walls. It's a huge loss for human history.Salt crystals（结晶）building up on the walls are a key part of the problem, the study suggests. These salt crystals go into the cave walls, changing sizes as temperatures rise and fall. This process causes the rock to slowly break down.Salt crystals may become larger when exposed to repeated changes between wet conditions and periods of drought. These kinds of changes are expected to become more obvious as the climate continues to warm.In particular, the researchers say, climate change may cause more intense El Nino（厄尔尼诺）events in the future. These events can strengthen the kinds of conditions that help salt crystals form Scientists are still debating the exact influence of climate change on El Nino, a natural climate cycle that drives changing patterns of warming and cooling in thePacific Ocean.The new study, led by Jillian Huntley, examined 11 ancient cave art sites in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The researchers found evidence of salt formation at all 11 sites. It's merely a small part There are more than 300 known eave art sites around the region. The researchers note that salt crystals may indeed be part of the problem, adding that climate change is a growing threat, one that deserves more attention.12. What is the main cause of the rocks breaking off from the wall?A. Weather patterns.B. Salt crystals.C. Wet conditions.D. Drought Periods.13. Which of the following may researchers agree with?A. El Nino events prevent salt crystals forming.B. Climate change makes little difference to El Nino.C.Salt crystals may become much larger in wet conditions.D. Constant warm weather may cause salt crystals to change size.14. Which word best describes Huntley's attitude to climate change?A. Worried.B. Curious.C. Doubtful.D. Positive.15. What can we learn from thelast paragraph?A. The formation and patterns of salt crystals.B. The impact of climate change on ancient rock arts.C. The historical value of ancient rock art in cave sites.D. The threats of human activities to ancient eave art sites.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年北京市丰台二中高三英语二模试卷及答案解析
2020年北京市丰台二中高三英语二模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMany workers have had no choice but to adapt to working from home in recent months since offices shut down due to the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠疫情). And the noisy situation and endless housework may result in a terrible emotion. A new option is waiting foryou. That is WFH: work from a hotel.Hotel FigueroA special program titled Work Perks aims to reposition some of 94-year-old Hotel Figuero’s 268 rooms as day-use offices.According to Managing Director Connie Wang, the set-up launched in June and is a great opportunity to get out of their houses with high-speed Wi-Fi, unlimited printing privileges and free parking. The 350-square-foot rooms sell for $ 129 per day, with an option to extend to an overnight stay for an additional $ 20.The WytheA boutique hotel in Brooklyn. The hotel recently announced a partnership with co-working office space company Industrious through which it is recycling 13 second-story guest rooms to serve as offices for up to four people.Each of the rooms has a small outdoor platform, and dogs are welcome. Pricing starts at $ 200 and goes up to $ 275, depending on how many people use the space.The SawyerThe Sawyer, in Sacramento, California, is offering pool cabanas (更衣室) for use as outdoor offices, complete with fast Wi-Fi, free parking and catered lunch for $ 150 per day.HotelsByDayYannis Moati founded HotelsByDay back in 2015. That company has grown to include more than 1,500 hotels, and has seen a significant increase in the number of inquiries for day-use bookings lately.Moati said the current situation will force hotels to upgrade themselves to stay alive, and he predicted that offering rooms for day-use only is one of the directions they will go.1.How much should one pay for a 24-hour stay in Hotel Figuero?A.$ 129.B.$ 149.C.$ 150.D.$ 200.2.Which hotel allows pets in?A.The Wythe.B.The Sawyer.C.HotelsByDay.D.Hotel Figuero.3.What do we know about Yannis Moati?A.He started a program titledWork Perks.B.He has upgraded at least 1,500 rooms.C.He usually predicts everything correctly.D.He is optimistic about the WFH trend.BOn World Oceans Day, which falls on June 8, the US National Geographic Society announced it would recognize the Southern Ocean in Antarctica, bringing the global total to five.Unlike the Arctic, Atlantic, Indian and PacificOceans—which are defined by the continents that bound them—the Southern Ocean is instead characterized by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current（南极洋流）. According to the National Geographic, the Southern Ocean includes most of the waters surrounding Antarcticaout to 60 degrees south latitude（纬度）."Encircled by the powerfully swift ACC, it is the only ocean to touch three others and to completely embrace a continent rather than being embraced by them," Sylvia Earle, a marine biologist and oceanographer, told the Daily Mail.Those familiar with the Southern Ocean know it's unlike any other. "Anyone who has been there will struggle to explain what's so charming about it, but they'll all agree that the glaciers are bluer, the air colder, the mountains more awful and the landscapes morecaptivatingthan anywhere else you can go," Seth Sykora-Bodie, a marine scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, told National Geographic.National Geographic hopes their revised maps will bring public awareness to the region, thereby encouraging Southern Ocean conservation—but its significance is beyond that."We think it's really important from an educational standpoint, as well as from a map-labeling standpoint, to bring attention to the Southern Ocean as a fifth ocean," Alex Tait, National Geographic Society geographer, told The Post. "So when students learn about parts of the ocean world, they learn it's an interconnected ocean, and they learn there are these regions called oceans that are really important, and there's a distinct one in the icy waters around Antarctica."4. Why is the Southern Ocean different from other oceans?A. It has never been explored before.B. It surrounds the Antarctic all around.C. It is enclosed by the fast-flowing ACC.D. It has ecologically distinct environment.5. What does the underlined word "captivating" in paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Strange.B. Unusual.C. Attractive.D. Informal.6. What does the National Geographic think of the Southern Ocean?A. It will be instructive for students.B. It will promote tourism development.C. It will encourage public to treasure water.D. It will draw scientists to study in the Antarctic.7. What is the best title for the text?A. World Oceans DayB. Revised Antarctic MapsC. Adding a New OceanD. New Discovery under the SeaCMikah Frye, a 9-year-old boy, was walking down the streets with his grandmother discussing Christmas gifts when he saw some homeless people struggling to stay warm in the cold night. Then he was thinking about a way to help the homeless to spend a warm Christmas.That thought stayed in Mikah Frye’s mind and when he reached home, Mikah informed his parents not to buy the Microsoft XBox gaming device he had asked for earlier. Mikah realized that by not buying the $300 device, he could instead donate over 30 blankets to the homeless. He knew how much it meant to be warm in the cold holiday season.Three years ago, Mikah and his parents were the ones living in a homeless shelter. Having suffered a financial crisis, they too had lost their house, not knowing where their next meal would come from and sharing a blanket every night. Mikah was six years old then but he remembered what it was like to have to give back that precious blanket every morning.Reaching out to the emergency shelter programme that looked after them 3 years ago, the family donated 60 blankets in the end, each with a personalized message of hope in Mikah’s handwriting stating: “They gave me a blanket, but I had to leave it. That’s why I want you to have your own blanket. Today, I live in my own house, andsomeday you will too. Your friend, Mikah.”The homeless people at the shelter may not have been able to give Mikah a Christmas gift in return but his gesture was noted by the billion dollar company Microsoft who made sure that Mikah was fooled into visiting their store so that Santa Claus could personally deliver an XBox from the company to him as a reward for making the top of “Santa’s list of nice boys” that year.8. Why did Mikah give up his Christmas gift?A. The device was out of date.B. His parents had a tight budget.C. He wanted to spend a warm Christmas.D. He decided to do something charitable.9. What made Mikah have a better understanding of the situation of the homeless?A. His own experience.B. His parents’ education.C. His visiting to the emergency shelter.D. The cold weather during the holiday season.10. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A. The homeless gave Mikah a gift in return.B. He finally got the gift he wanted on Christmas.C. The company Microsoft fooled Mikah into buying an Xbox.D Mikah wrote a thank-you note to the emergency shelter he lived in.11. What might be the best title for the text?A. Mikah’s Precious Christmas GiftB. Mikah’s Giving Warmth on ChristmasC. Microsoft Rewarded Nice Boys on Santa’s ListD. The Homeless Needed Blankets on a Cold ChristmasDSome of the oldest art in human history is being damaged, scientists say. And climate change may be speeding up its loss. Newresearch reports that ancient rock art in Indonesian caves is degrading over time, as bits of rock slowly break off from the walls. It's a huge loss for human history.Salt crystals（结晶）building up on the walls are a key part of the problem, the study suggests. These salt crystals go into the cave walls, changing sizes as temperatures rise and fall. This process causes the rock to slowly break down.Salt crystals may become larger when exposed to repeated changes between wet conditions and periods of drought. These kinds of changes are expected to become more obvious as the climate continues to warm.In particular, the researchers say, climate change may cause more intense El Nino（厄尔尼诺）events in the future. These events can strengthen the kinds of conditions that help salt crystals form Scientists are still debating the exact influence of climate change on El Nino, a natural climate cycle that drives changing patterns of warming and cooling in thePacific Ocean.The new study, led by Jillian Huntley, examined 11 ancient cave art sites in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The researchers found evidence of salt formation at all 11 sites. It's merely a small part There are more than 300 known eave art sites around the region. The researchers note that salt crystals may indeed be part of the problem, adding that climate change is a growing threat, one that deserves more attention.12. What is the main cause of the rocks breaking off from the wall?A. Weather patterns.B. Salt crystals.C. Wet conditions.D. Drought Periods.13. Which of the following may researchers agree with?A. El Nino events prevent salt crystals forming.B. Climate change makes little difference to El Nino.C.Salt crystals may become much larger in wet conditions.D. Constant warm weather may cause salt crystals to change size.14. Which word best describes Huntley's attitude to climate change?A. Worried.B. Curious.C. Doubtful.D. Positive.15. What can we learn from thelast paragraph?A. The formation and patterns of salt crystals.B. The impact of climate change on ancient rock arts.C. The historical value of ancient rock art in cave sites.D. The threats of human activities to ancient eave art sites.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。