必修三unit4概论
牛津译林版2020高中英语选择性必修第三册Unit 4 单元核心知识点
5.assess vt. 评估,评定;估算 教材重温 For years, a panel of specialists discussed and assessed different means of repairing the pagoda.(P47) 多年来,一个专家小组讨论和评估了修复宝塔的不同方法。 语境速测 单句语法填空 ①Spend some time assessing _w_h_a_t_you like and dislike about your current situation. ②Many of the adults were _a_s_s_es_s_e_d_(assess) as having learning difficulties. 完成句子 ③Pulling into the first parking lot I found, I stopped it and climbed out to _a_s_s_es_s_t_h_e__si_t_u_a_ti_o_n_. 我把车开进我找到的第一个停车场,停了下来,出来评估情况。
n.顾问;评判员
One approach is to make an assessment of what the other person is telling you and then check it
with them. 一种方法是对别人告诉你的内容进行评估,然后与他们核实。
6.cooperation n. 合作,协作;协助,配合 教材重温 This success demonstrates the power of international cooperation in times of crisis.(P48) 这一成功表明了危机时期国际合作的力量。 语境速测 单句语法填空 ①China will continue its vaccine cooperation w__it_h_relevant countries, offer support within its capability and
人教版高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars课文知识点解析
Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars 课文知识点解析Warming UpDiscuss in pairs which science subjects are part of medicine,biochemistry,geophysics or astronomy.分组讨论哪些科学科目是医学，生物化学，地理学或天文学的一部分。
in pairs=two at a time=in twos一次两个，两个一组e.g.Shoes and slippers are sold in pairs.鞋子都是论双卖的。
注意：in+数词/名词（数词/名词以复数形式）e.g.in threes and fours 三三两两的in groups 成群的思维拓展in在这里表示：以……数量/形式、形状等。
e.g.Tourists queue in thousands to see the tomb. 游客数以千计排着队看陵墓。
Reading1.The problem was that the earth became violent because it was not clearwhether the solid shape was to last or not.这一问题变得越来越不确定，因为这一球体形状是否能够维持尚未明朗。
(1)violent adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的a violent language 激烈的语言a violent storm 猛烈的风暴a violent 猛攻思维拓展violence n.［U］1.暴力，强暴2.猛烈，剧烈，强烈(2)whether...or not... “是……还是……”在这里是主语从句,它还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句。
e.g.I don’t know whether he will agree with me.（宾语）我不知道他是否同意我的观点。
高一英语人教版必修三Unit 4 课文内容教学提纲
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsHOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTHNo one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago. However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions. After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.For several billion years after the “Big Bang”, the earth was still just a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. It exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in time to produce carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosphere. What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, unlike the earth, it had disappeared later. It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life. What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.Many millions of years later, the first extremely small plants began to appear on the surface of the water. They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. Next, green plants began to grow on land. They were followed in time by land animals. Some were insects. Others, called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the water. Later when the plants grew into forests, reptiles appeared for the first time. They produced young generally by laying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs, developed. They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of the dinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. This disappearance made possible the rise of mammals on the earth. These animals were different from all life forms in the past, because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.Finally about 2.6 million years ago some small clever animals, now with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth. Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet. But they are not looking after the earth very well. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. As a result of this, many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to live on. So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.A VISIT TO THE MOONLast month I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer. We visited the moon in our spaceship!Before we left, Li Yanping explained to me that the force of gravity would change three times on our journey and that the first change would be the most powerful. Then we were off. As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earth’s gravity. It was so hard that we could not say anything to each other. Gradually the weight lessened and I was able to talk to him. “Why is the spaceship not falling back to the earth? On the earth if I fall from a tree I will fall to the ground.” I asked. “We are too far from theearth now to feel its pull,” he explained, “so we feel as if no gravity at all. When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth’s.” I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.When we got there, I wanted to explore immediately. “Come on,” I said. “If you are right, my weight will be less than on the earth because the moon is smaller and I will be able to move more freely. I might even grow taller if I stay here long enough. I shall certainly weigh less!” I laughed and climbed down the steps from the spaceship. But when I tried to step forward. I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. “Oh dear,” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.” After a while I got the hang of it and we began to enjoy ourselves.Leaving the moon’s gravity was not as painful as leaving the earth’s. But returning to the earth was very frightening. We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased. Again we were pushed hard into our seats as we came back to land. “That was very exhausting but very exciting too,” I said. “Now I know much more about gravity! Do you think we could visit some stars next time?”“Of course,” he smiled, “which star would you like to go to?”。
必修三Unit 4课件
dissolve harmful gases
oceans and seas
Come to the last three paragraphs and answer the questions: 1.Which one did begin to appear firstly, animals or plants? Plants firstly began to appear on the surface of the water. 2.Why was it necessary for plants to grow before animals? A. Animals needed plants to protect them from the sun. B. Animals could hide from hunters in forests. C. It was easier for plants to grow. D. Plants provided oxygen for animals to breathe.
Row order 1. Insects and amphibians appeared. 3. The earth became a solid ball. 5. Reptiles appeared. 7. The earth was a cloud of dust. 9. Shellfish and other fish appeared. 11. Clever animals with hands and feet appeared.
Q1:What’s the main idea of the text? A. how did water begin? B. how did earth begin ? C. how did man begin ? D. how did life begin ?
必修三Unit 4课文概要与名词性从句
Water was to be fundamental to the development of life. It allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas, which made it possible for life to develop. Many millions of years later, the first extremely small plants began to appear on the surface of water. They multipliedand provided shellfish , fish and also amphibians with oxygen . As green plants on land gradually grew into forests, reptiles and mammals appeared one after another. The former produced young by laying eggs while the latter gave birth to young and produced milk to feed them.
用whether, why ,how，what，that, which等连接词 填空。
3. What is even more important is that the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.
4. It was not immediately obvious that fundamental to the development of life.
新人教高中英语必修三Unit4Space exploration单元分析讲义
Unit 4 Space exploration单元分析本单元主题：人与自然——宇宙探索单元内容分析本单元围绕“太空探索”这一主题展开，内容涉及人类探索太空的历史与成就（包括我国航天事业的发展和成就）宇航员的选拔、太空中的生活、火星探索计划、天文百科知识，以及关于“人类耗费时间和金钱去探索太空是否值得”这一话题的会科学家以及宇航员们为航空航天事业的发展不断努力、勇于开拓的精神，从而激励青少年勤奋学习、刻苦钻研、不畏挫折，努力探索自己的发展道路，立下远大志向，为国家科技事业的发展奉献自己的智慧和力量。
以下为教材各部分教学内容简要分析及教学活动实施建议：1．Opening Page开篇页的主题图展示了2019年1月3日“玉兔二号”（即嫦娥四号月球车）与嫦娥四号着陆器分离后驶抵月球表面的画面。
嫦娥四号首次实现在月球背面着陆，是中国航天事业发展的一座里程碑，是值得每个中国人铭记的时刻。
这一图片不仅能够增强学生的民族自豪感，还能激发学生讨论的热情，让他们能够很快投入到本单元的学习中去。
本单元的名言警句是“Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man＇s desire to understand.-Neil Armstrong”这是第一位登上月球的美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗的名言：“神秘感激发好奇心，而好奇心则是人们探索未知事物的前提。
”人类太空探索的原始动机主要源于与生俱来的好奇心，而这种好奇心和求知欲也是推动人类发展的巨大动力。
太空探索的成就背后是人类不断进取的精神，而只有将这种精神延续下去，人类才能突破极限，走向广阔的宇宙。
2．Listening and Speaking：Talk about how to become an astronaut 本部分的主题是“谈论如何成为一名宇航员”。
关于探索太空的奥秘，能够获得最直接感受的非宇航员莫属，因此，宇航员这一职业对于青少年而言充满了魅力，既带着神秘感，又带着使命感。
2019-2020年高中英语人教版必修三unit4单元知识点总结
2019-2020学年高中英语人教版必修三Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars1. system n1 [C] 系统; 组合装置the nervous system 神经系统the digestive system 消化系统a railway system 铁路系统 a stereo system 立体声音响设备2 [C]（思想、理论、原则等的）体系, 体制, 方法, 方式a system of philosophy 哲学体系the democratic system of government 民主政体a good system of teaching languages 教授语言的良好方法3 [U] 制度; 步骤; 条理You'll find little system in his method of work. 他的工作方法无甚条理.We must introduce some system into our office routine. 我们须在我们日常公务中建立一些制度.4 the system [sing]（某社会、机构、企业等中）沿袭已久的方法、做法和规则You can't beat the system 老规矩触动不得（必须照办）.5 (idm 习语) get sth out of one's `system (infml 口) 宣泄强烈的感情或满足强烈的愿望He desperately wants to be an actor, so you'll have to give him time to get it out of his system.他渴望当演员, 你就得容他时间让他施展自己的抱负.2.the∙ory1.[C, U] 學說；論；說：According to the theory of relativity, nothing can travel faster than light.根據相對論，光比什麼都傳播得快。
高一英语必修三Unit-4Unit-4说课稿
高一英语必修三Unit 4Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the star Reading 说课稿课题：Reading: How Life Began on the EarthI 教学内容分析本单元的中心话题是“天文学”。
本课是一篇表达性文体,按照时间顺序主要表达了地球上生命的起源和发展过程。
可以说科学知识含量较高，更能激发学生的学习兴趣和好奇心。
Pre-reading 部分也提出了三个问题，主要是让学生区分宗教信仰、文化传统和科学思想之间的不同。
可以以讲故事的方式让学生彼此之间分享一些有关宇宙和地球起源方面的传说或故事，这样既能激活他们的思维也能为阅读部分打下基础。
Reading 部分描写了地球上生命的起源和发展过程，具体写了由于水的形成才使得地球上生命的诞生成为可能。
科学家认为，地球上的生命最初诞生于水中。
数万年后，陆地上才长出了绿色植物，随后出现了陆栖动物和水陆两栖动物。
最初的动物靠孵化繁衍后代，再之后诞生了哺乳动物，人类也随之诞生了。
文章最后讲述的现象发人深省：The earth maybecome too hot for the lives on it.它关系到地球上生命的未来。
II．教学重点和难点1．教学重点〔1〕本单元的生词、短语和句型结构；〔2〕掌握主语从句并把它和表语从句进行区别；〔3〕学会运用科学知识并能结合自己的想象力去解决现实中的问题。
2．教学难点〔1〕通过学习相应的科学知识培养学生的创造性思维能力；〔2〕学生应能够理解主语从句的用法和作用并能做到学以致用，举一反三。
III. 教学步骤：Step 1 RevisionPurpose :Let the students have a clear awareness of the text.Revise the new words and phrases by a dictation.Asking questions:How many planets are there in solar system?What are they?Step 2. Fast readingPurpose: To get the list of the passage.To correctly understand some information given in the text.1. Ask Ss to read the text quickly and try to get the main idea of the text. Suggested Answer:The main idea of the text is the title — How life began on the earth. 2. Ask Ss to work in pairs and discuss the questions of Ex1 on P27. And then let them check the answers in pairs.Step 3. Intensive readingPurpose: to get the students to learn the details of the text.(1) Answer the questions:•When did the “Big Bang” happen?•What form was the earth the “Big Bang”?•What made up the earth’s atmosphere after the earth exploded?• How did water come into being on the earth?• What was important to the development of fish?• What made possible the rise of mammals on the earth?• Why are mammals different from all life forms in the past?〔2〕Fill in the chart about the order of development of life.Suggested Answers:①Small plants in water ②Shellfish and all sorts of fish ③Green plants on land④Insects(on land) ⑤Amphibians(on land and in water) ⑥forests ⑦reptiles(on land)⑧dinosaurs(on land) ⑨mammals(on land) ⑩human beingsStep 3 ExplanationPurpose:Help Ss analyze some difficult, long and complex sentences and guess the meanings of the new words.Ask the studentsto underline the difficult sentences and analyze them and take notes.Pick out all the useful expressions and copy them.Step 4 Read aloudAsk Ss to read the passage aloud after the tape and let them pay more attention to the pronunciations of each new sentence.Step 5 HomeworkPreview the next period.and recite the last three paragragh.。
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必修三unit4Ⅰ.重点词汇1．________ n．天文学________ n．天文学家2．________ n．系统；体系；制度________ adj.系统的3．________ n．宗教；宗教信仰4．________ n．学说；理论5．________ n．球体；地球仪；地球_____ adj.全球性的6．________ adj.猛烈的；激烈的________ adv. 猛烈地7．________ n．大气层；气氛8．________ adj.基本的；基础的9．________ n．出席；到场；存在________ adj.出席的；存在的10．________ n．反应；回应________ vi.反应；回应11．________ vi.乘；增加12．________ n．氧13．________ vt.存在；生存________n．存在；生存14．_____ n．谜；难题vt.(使)迷惑_____adj.令人困惑的15．________ n．生物学________ adj.生物的16．________ n．万有引力；重力17．________ n．卫星；人造卫星18．________ n．物理学家19．________ adv.失重地20．________ n．质量；团；块；大量_______ adj.巨大的答案1．astronomy; astronomer 2.system; systematic3．religion 4.theory 5.globe; global6．violent; violently7.atmosphere8．fundamental9.presence; present10．reaction; react11.multiply12.oxygen13．exist; existence14.puzzle; puzzling15．biology; biological16.gravity17.satellite18．physicist19.weightlessly20.mass; massiveⅡ.短语回顾1．________ time 及时；终于2．be harmful ________ 对……有害3．give birth ________ 产生；分娩4．________ one's turn 轮到某人；接着5．prevent... ________ 阻止；抑制6．block ________ 挡住(光线等)7．cheer ________ 感到高兴；感到振奋8．a mass ________ 许多；大量9．break ________ 突发；爆发10．watch ________ for 密切注视；当心；提防11．________ that 既然12．get close ________ 靠近；接近13．get the hang ________ 掌握，精通答案1．in 2.to 3.to 4.in 5.from 6.out7.up8．of9.out10.out11.now12.to13.ofⅢ.句式填空1．what 引导的主语从句________(它会变成什么样) was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.2．so... that... 如此……以至于……The earth became ________ (如此猛烈以至于)it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 3．it 作形式宾语的用法This produced a chain reaction, which ________ (使得生命得以发展)．4．英语倍数表示法But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried ________ (两倍远) on the earth and fell over. 答案1．What it was to become 2.so violent that 3．made it possible for life to develop考点单词1．pull n. & vt. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力They are pulling down those houses to make room for a new hotel.为了给新旅馆腾地，他们正在拆除那些房屋。
We waved as the train pulled out of the station.火车驶出车站时我们挥手告别。
pull apart 拆开；拆散pull away (汽车等)开走pull down 拆毁；摧毁pull in (车辆)进站pull out 驶出；退出pull over 向路边停靠；驶向路边pull up 停车即境活用1I was lucky enough to get on the train before it ________.A．pulled on B．pulled downC．pulled in D．pulled out[解析]pull out 驶出车站。
[答案]D2．exist vi.存在；生存The technology for performing this operation already exists.做这种手术的技术早已存在。
They are paid hardly enough to exist on.他们收入微薄，几乎无法维持生活。
exist in 存在于……之中exist on 靠……为生exist by 靠……生存There exist... 有……；存在着……come into existence 开始存在；成立bring... into existence 使发生；产生即境活用2There, in the ancient temple, used to ________ a big bell, which is now missing.A．happen B．comeC．exist D．stand[解析]There used to exist 过去有……。
[答案]C3．puzzle n．谜；难题vt.(使)迷惑；(使)为难What puzzled me is why they didn't take her advice.他们为何不接受她的忠告，这使我大惑不解。
in a puzzle 疑惑；困惑puzzle over 冥思苦想puzzle out 苦苦思索而弄清楚be puzzled 感到困惑be puzzling 令人困惑的即境活用3The present situation is ________，and we are all________about what will happen in the days to come.A．puzzled; puzzling B．puzzling; puzzledC．puzzling; puzzling D．puzzled; puzzled[解析]puzzling 令人迷惑的，修饰物；puzzled 迷惑的，修饰人。
[答案]B4．mass n．质量；团；块；大量Her garden is a mass of flowers.她的花园里种满了花。
I don't like children in the mass.大体而论，我不喜欢儿童。
a mass of＝masses of 大量的；许多的in the mass 大体上；大致上the masses 大众；民众the mass of... 大部分……【易错提示】a mass of 和masses of 后面可以接可数或不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词的单复数与mass 的单复数保持一致。
即境活用4________ work has been done to prevent the water in the lake being polluted.A．A plenty of B．A number ofC．A mass of D．A great many[解析]a mass of 大量的，既可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词。
B、D两项修饰可数名词；A项本身有误。
[答案]C5．spread vt.伸展；传播；蔓延He spread a cloth on the table.他把台布铺在桌子上。
The fire spread from the factory to the houses nearby.火势从工厂延烧至附近的房舍。
In 20 years the city has spread quickly to the north.在二十年间，这座城市迅速向北延伸。
spread out 散开；伸展；延伸spread over 遍布在spread (from...) to (从……)传到，波及到spread oneself 舒展四肢(躺下)即境活用5Paper－making began in China and from there it ________ to North Africa and Europe. A．exported B．spoiledC．carried D．spread[解析]spread 传播。
export 出口；spoil 宠坏；carry 运载。
[答案]D6．depend vi.依靠It depends on how you solve the problem.那取决于你如何解决这个问题。
You can never depend on his arriving on time.决不可指望他能准时到达。
How much is produced depends on how hard we work.产量的大小在于我们努力的程度。
depend on sth./sb.＝rely on 依靠或依赖某人/某物depend on sb. to do sth. 依靠某人做某事That depends. 视情况而定。
It all depends. 视情况而定。
live on 以……为主食；靠……生活feed on (动物)以……为饲料即境活用6—Do you think living in the country has advantages?—________.A．Yes, perfectly B．Yes, it isC．Nothing at all D．Well, that depends[解析]that depends 那依情况而定。