大学英语四级写作指导
大学英语四级写作指导
作者：王晶
来源：《文学教育下半月》2009年第09期
大学英语四级写作是考试的一个重要组成部分,等同于一种综合测试英语语法和词汇的题目。
越来越多的学生意识到了写作在整个四级考试中的重要性,因而不断有学生问及如何备考四级作文的问题。
本篇结合近年来四级考试写作的趋势,旨在分析学生在写作中的一些常见错误以及如何写好四级作文,希望对广大学生起到一定的指导和帮助作用。
一.近年来四级写作的趋势
近十年来,四级作文主要以论说文为主,旨在考察学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。
论说文的特点在于:难度介于议论文和说明文之间,因而更符合该类学生的整体水平。
就题材而言,具有很强的现实性,主要涉及两方面的内容,一方面是大学生的学习、校园生活及对将来在工作、人生等方面的态度和看法。
另一方面是与老百姓日常生活紧密相关的社会性热点话题,如淡水资源紧缺、环境、假冒伪劣商品问题。
四级论说文按题型分可以分为现象解释型、对比选择型、问题解决型、观点论证型。
考生要想在作文上拿高分,必须思路清晰,内容切题,文字连贯,句式有变化,句子结构和用词正确。
二.四级写作的新标准
考生在考试时应该明确作文的评分标准,根据大纲规定,短文的评分标准是:
1.正确表达思想;
2.意义连贯;
3.无重大语法错误。
这三者是互补的,但又各有侧重。
评分原则归纳为八个字,即“总体评分”和“综合评判”。
前者指的是“阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分,而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分”。
后者指的是“要考虑作文是否切题,是否充分表达思想,也要考虑是否用英语清楚而确切地表达思想,也就是要考虑语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍,用词和造句是否清楚确切地表达思想”。
根据这八个字,又将阅卷标准分为五等:2分,5分,8分,11分及14分,每一等都可上下浮动一分,各等的具体标准如下:2分——条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误,且多数为严重错误5分——基本切题。
表达思想不够清楚,连贯性差。
有较多的严重语言错误。
8分——基本切题。
表达思想比较清楚,文字尚连贯;但语言错误
较多,其中有少量的严重错误。
11分——切题。
表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。
14分——切题。
表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性较好。
基本无语言错误。
三.学生常见错误
1.不分主次
四级作文实际属于一种控制性作文,虽然只有120个字,但文章的结构应该自然、协调。
一篇完整的文章,一般以三、四段为宜,要求学生要结构健全,给读者一种整体感。
说到协调,很多学生忽视了这一点。
一篇文章不管是从篇幅还是内容来讲,都应该是中间段最为重要。
头重脚轻或是头轻脚重都是不合理的,这确实是很多学生易犯的错误。
学生对词汇、语法、句型等基础英语知识有相应的水平,在很大程度上还考查学生对段落结构的把握,真正使学生英语能力受到最全面的考核。
2.论证不足
学生的主体段往往论证不足,力度不够,说明解释显得很单薄,而且文章也不容易达到一定得长度。
一般而言,首先,主体段都应该有一个主题句(topic sentence),表达出主体的主旨,同时也应包括文章的关键词。
提倡主题句置于句首,这样使读者一目了然。
其次,应该安排2-3个分论点来支持主题句. 分论点决定了主题发展的方向与范围。
在这方面,学生问题在于选择角度以及观点的抽象性方面,许多学生往往过于谈细节。
最后,这也是学生最薄弱和容易忽视的一点,就是用例据也就是支持句(supporting sentences)去解释说明自己的分论点。
以以下主体段为例:
Why is the world is getting smaller and smaller?(主题句) For one thing, faster and safer means of transport have greatly reduced distance.(分论点1) In the past it took eight weeks to cross the Pacific Ocean, but now an air journey, from Shanghai to New York only takes less than twenty hours. (支持句) For another, the quickening pace of modern society creates more opportunities for people to visit each other. (分论点2) For example, business activities and cultural exchanges have made possible frequent contacts among different nations. (支持句)
3.缺乏过渡词
文章中的句与句之间、段与段之间语义紧凑,逻辑顺畅。
要想实现这一目标,就必须注意在句与句,段与段之间使用恰当的过渡性词语。
使文章层次分明且浑然一体。
为了使文章显的一目了然,观点突出,富有立体感,就必须使用过渡词。
可以用过渡词来表达举例、比较、对照、让步、转折、原因、结果、强调、递进、结论等等。
以上文为例,For one thing ,For another就表达了顺序,使文章的逻辑性更强。
4.用词欠缺
(1)词汇等级:所谓词汇的等级就是,我们在写作的过程中,如果想出一个基本词汇来之后,能
够在这个基本词汇的基础上把它在提升一下,也就是我们一般写作所提倡的用“难词”。
比如,我们一提到“重要的”,大多数同学首先会想到“important”这个单词,那么提升一下的话就可以想到
它的如下同义词:significant, vital, main, essential, crucial, necessary, etc;(2)词汇准确性:所谓词汇
的准确性是指,要结合语境选择恰当的用词。
在这里必须指明的是,并不是词汇等级越高越好,必须还要考虑到适合于不同的语境。
比如,这个“大的”形容词,我们首先会想到big,近而想到great, large, huge, vast, titanic, enormous etc。
选择不同情况而定。
(3)学生的汉语语言思维会影响其英语的写作。
学生习惯把自己的汉语句子翻译成英语句子。
例如:Smoking harms our health.这句话翻译为吸烟有害健康。
显而易见,按照英语思维,应为:It is harmful to smoke.
四.如何写好四级作文
对于学生而言,平常应该多练习,文章才能越写越好学生应该经常朗读单词、听写单词、默写单词、遣词造句、词汇竞赛等多种方法促进学生记单词。
记忆单词是一个长期的反复的过程,要长期地坚持下去,才能不断积累大量的词汇,为英语写作打下坚实的基础。
而且要注意词汇表达的多样性,会使用有难度的词汇。
尽量使用形容词修饰名词,用副词修饰整个句子,多使用被动句、倒装句,使文章更加客观,显示了论说文的特点。
同时,多摘抄些英语摘要。
英语摘要有利于学生了解原文的文化背景、理解原文的中心意思、弄清原文的篇章结构,从而提高学生的逻辑思维能力和谋篇布局能力。
发展英语语言思维能力,提高英语写作能力。
对学生而言,在英语写作中易受汉语语言思维的影响,难以直接用英语语言进行思维,不利于英语写作能力的提高,因此发展其英语语言思维能力尤为重要。
消除汉语思维的影响,要努力创设良好的英语环境,在英语交际中发展英语思维能力。
背诵是个输入的过程,输出的过程。
我们真正需要的是把平时积累的随时随地用在我们的写作中。
因此,我们在注重积累的同时,一定在平时练习的时候,把他们多家运用。
只有多练多用,才能真正达到学以致用,才能真正提高写作水平。
王晶,西安工程大学教师。
谈高校教师应如何指导大学英语四级写作
探 讨指 导学生英语写作的方法。
关键词 ： 高校教师 ； 大学英语四级 ； 写作
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累的随时随地用在我们的写作中 。 （ ） － 汉语语 言思维。学生 的汉语语言思 维会影 响其英 语
（） ４谚语、 名言误用。许多学生为了使文章写得有声有色，
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全国大学英语CET四级考试试卷及答案指导(2025年)
2025年全国大学英语CET四级考试模拟试卷及答案指导一、写作（15分）CET-4 Writing SectionDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled “The Importance of Teamwork”. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Sample Essay: The Importance of TeamworkIn today’s fast-paced and highly competitive world, the concept of teamwork has become more crucial than ever. It is often said that one can go fast alone, but to go far, one must go together. This saying underlines the importance of teamwork in achieving common goals effectively and efficiently.Teamwork allows for the pooling of diverse skills and talents, which leads to more innovative solutions and better decision-making. When individuals with different backgrounds and expertise collaborate, they bring unique perspectives to the table, fostering an environment where creativity thrives. Furthermore, working as a team builds a support system, enabling members to rely on each other during challenging times, thus reducing stress and increasing job satisfaction.Another significant benefit of teamwork is the ability to accomplish tasksthat would be impossible for an individual to handle. By dividing work among team members based on their strengths, teams can tackle complex projects, ensuring all aspects are thoroughly covered. This not only improves the quality of work but also accelerizes the completion time.In conclusion, the value of teamwork cannot be overstated. It is through collaboration and mutual support that we can achieve great things, overcome obstacles, and reach our full potential. Embracing the spirit of teamwork is essential for both personal and professional success in our interconnected world.Analysis:•Introduction: The essay begins with a clear statement about the increasing significance of teamwork in the modern era, setting up the main argument.•Body Paragraphs:•The first body paragraph discusses how teamwork enhances innovation and decision-making by combining varied skills and viewpoints.•The second body paragraph highlights the supportive nature of teamwork, emphasizing its role in managing stress and boosting morale.• A third point is made about the efficiency and effectiveness gained from dividing labor according to individual strengths, allowing for thesuccessful execution of complex tasks.•Conclusion: The concluding paragraph reinforces the thesis, summarizing the key benefits of teamwork and linking them to broader concepts ofachievement and personal growth.This sample response adheres to the word limit (156 words), maintains a coherent structure, and provides specific examples to support the main points, making it a strong example for the CET-4 writing section.二、听力理解-短篇新闻（选择题，共7分）第一题News Item 1:A new study has found that the popularity of online shopping has led to a significant increase in the use of plastic packaging. The researchers analyzed data from various e-commerce platforms and discovered that the amount of plastic packaging used in online orders has doubled over the past five years. This has raised concerns about the environmental impact of e-commerce and the need for more sustainable packaging solutions.Questions:1、What is the main issue addressed in the news?A) The decline of traditional shopping methods.B) The environmental impact of online shopping.C) The growth of e-commerce platforms.D) The advantages of plastic packaging.2、According to the news, what has happened to the use of plastic packaging in online orders over the past five years?A) It has decreased by 50%.B) It has remained stable.C) It has increased by 25%.D) It has doubled.3、What is the primary concern raised by the study regarding online shopping?A) The increase in the number of e-commerce platforms.B) The high cost of online shopping.C) The environmental impact of plastic packaging.D) The difficulty in returning products.Answers:1、B) The environmental impact of online shopping.2、D) It has doubled.3、C) The environmental impact of plastic packaging.第二题Section B: Short NewsIn this section, you will hear one short news report. At the end of the news report, you will hear three questions. After each question, there is a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.News Report:The World Health Organization announced today that it has added the ChineseSinovac COVID-19 vaccine to its list of vaccines approved for emergency use. This move will facilitate the distribution of the vaccine in lower-income countries participating in the COVAX initiative aimed at ensuring equitable access to vaccines globally. The WHO praised the Sinovac vaccine for its easy storage requirements, making it ideal for areas with less sophisticated medical infrastructure.Questions:1、According to the news report, what did the WHO announce?A)The end of the pandemicB)Approval of a new vaccineC)Launch of a global health campaignD)Increased funding for vaccine researchAnswer: B) Approval of a new vaccine2、What was highlighted about the Sinovac vaccine by the WHO?A)It is the most effective vaccine availableB)It requires simple storage conditionsC)It is cheaper than other vaccinesD)It has no side effectsAnswer: B) It requires simple storage conditions3、What is the purpose of the COVAX initiative mentioned in the report?A)To speed up vaccine developmentB)To provide financial support to vaccine manufacturersC)To ensure equal access to vaccines worldwideD)To promote travel between countriesAnswer: C) To ensure equal access to vaccines worldwide三、听力理解-长对话（选择题，共8分）第一题Part Three: Long ConversationsIn this section, you will hear 1 long conversation. The conversation will be played twice. After you hear a part of the conversation, there will be a pause. Both the questions and the conversation will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Now, listen to the conversation.Conversational Excerpt:M: Hey, Jane, how was your day at the office today?W: Oh, it was quite a challenge. I had to deal with a lot of issues. But I think I handled them pretty well.M: That’s good to hear. What were the main issues you faced?W: Well, first, we had a problem with the new software we’re tryin g to implement. It seems to be causing some technical difficulties.M: Oh no, that sounds frustrating. Did you manage to fix it?W: Not yet. I’m still trying to figure out what’s wrong. But I’m workingon it.M: That’s important. The company can’t afford a ny downtime with this software.W: Exactly. And then, I had to deal with a customer complaint. The customer was really upset because of a delayed shipment.M: That’s never a good situation. How did you handle it?W: I tried to be understanding and offered a discount on their next order. It seemed to calm them down a bit.M: That was a good move. Did it resolve the issue?W: Yes, it did. They’re satisfied now, and I think we’ve avoided a bigger problem.M: It sounds like you had a busy day. But you did a good job handling everything.W: Thanks, I’m glad you think so.Questions:1、What was the main issue the woman faced with the new software?A) It was causing problems with the computer systems.B) It was taking longer to install than expected.C) It was causing technical difficulties.D) It was not compatible with their existing systems.2、How did the woman deal with the customer complaint?A) She escalated the issue to her supervisor.B) She offered a discount on the customer’s next order.C) She apologized directly to the customer.D) She sent the customer a refund check.3、What was the woman’s impression of her day at work?A) It was uneventful and unchallenging.B) It was quite stressful but rewarding.C) It was a day filled with unnecessary meetings.D) It was a day where she didn’t accomplish much.4、What did the man say about the woman’s day at work?A) He thought it was unproductive.B) He felt she had handled everything well.C) He thought she should have asked for help.D) He believed she should take a break.Answers:1、C2、B3、B4、B第二题对话内容:Man:Hey, Sarah. I heard you’re planning to go on a trip next month. Where are you heading?Sarah:Oh, hi, Mike! Yes, I’m really excited about it. I’m going to Japan. It’s my first time there.Man:That sounds amazing! How long will you be staying? And what places are you planning to visit?Sarah:I’ll be there for two weeks. My plan is to start in Tokyo and then travel to Kyoto, Osaka, and Hiroshima. I’ve always been fascinated by the mix of traditional and modern culture in Japan.Man: Two weeks should give you plenty of time to see a lot. Are you going alone or with someone?Sarah:Actually, I’m going with a group of friends from college. We all decided to take this trip together after graduation. It’ll be great to experience it with them.Man:That’s wonderful! Do you have everything planned out, like accommodations and transportation?Sarah:Mostly, yes. We’ve booked our flights and hotels, and we’re using the Japan Rail Pass for getting around. B ut we’re leaving some room for spontaneity too. Sometimes the best experiences come unexpectedly!Man:Absolutely, that’s the spirit of traveling. Well, I hope you have an incredible time. Don’t forget to try some local food and maybe bring back some souvenirs!Sarah:Thanks, Mike! I definitely won’t miss out on trying sushi and ramen, and I already have a list of gifts to buy for family and friends. I can’t waitto share my adventures with everyone when I get back.1、How long is Sarah planning to stay in Japan?•A) One week•B) Two weeks•C) Three weeks•D) One month答案: B) Two weeks2、Which of the following ci ties is NOT mentioned as part of Sarah’s itinerary?•A) Tokyo•B) Kyoto•C) Sapporo•D) Hiroshima答案: C) Sapporo3、Who is Sarah going to Japan with?•A) By herself•B) With her family•C) With a group of friends•D) With coworkers答案: C) With a group of friends4、What has Sarah and her friends prepared for their trip besides booking flights and hotels?•A) They have hired a personal guide.•B) They have reserved spots for cultural workshops.•C) They have purchased a Japan Rail Pass.•D) They have enrolled in a language course.答案: C) They have purchased a Japan Rail Pass.四、听力理解-听力篇章（选择题，共20分）第一题Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, check what you have written.Passage:In recent years, the concept of “soft skills” has become increasingly popular in the workplace. These are skills that are not traditionally taught in schools but are essential for success in the professional world. Soft skills include communication, teamwork, problem-solving, and time management.1、Many employers believe that soft skills are just as important as technical skills because they help employees adapt to changing work environments.2、One of the most important soft skills is communication. Effectivecommunication can prevent misunderstandings and improve relationships with colleagues.3、Teamwork is also crucial in today’s workplace. Being able to work well with others can lead to better productivity and innovation.4、Problem-solving skills are essential for overcoming obstacles and achieving goals. Employees who can think creatively and solve problems efficiently are highly valued.5、Time management is another key soft skill. Being able to prioritize tasks and manage time effectively can help employees meet deadlines and reduce stress.Questions:1、What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of technical skills in the workplace.B) The definition and examples of soft skills.C) The increasing popularity of soft skills in the workplace.D) The impact of soft skills on employee performance.2、Why do many employers believe soft skills are important?A) They are easier to teach than technical skills.B) They are not necessary for most jobs.C) They help employees adapt to changing work environments.D) They are more difficult to acquire than technical skills.3、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a soft skill in the passage?A) Communication.B) Leadership.C) Problem-solving.D) Time management.Answers:1、C) The increasing popularity of soft skills in the workplace.2、C) They help employees adapt to changing work environments.3、B) Leadership.Second Part: Listening Comprehension - Passage QuestionsListen to the following passage carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.Passage:Every year, millions of people flock to beaches around the world for their vacations. While enjoying the sun and sand, few give much thought to the tiny organisms that make up the very sand they’re lying on. Sand is actually made from rock particles that have been broken down over time by natural processes. However, on some unique beaches, like those found in Hawaii, the sand has a significant component of coral and shell fragments, giving it a distinctive white color. Beaches not only provide relaxation but also play a crucial role in supporting marine life and protecting coastal areas from erosion.Questions:1、What do millions of people go to the beaches for annually?2、What makes the sand on Hawaiian beaches distinctive?3、Besides providing relaxation, what other important role do beaches serve?Answers:1、Vacations.2、The presence of coral and shell fragments.3、Supporting marine life and protecting coastal areas from erosion.第三题PassageThe rise of e-commerce has revolutionized the way we shop. With just a few clicks, customers can purchase products from all over the world and have them delivered to their doorstep. However, this convenience has also brought about some challenges, particularly in terms of logistics and environmental impact.One of the biggest concerns is the environmental impact of packaging. Traditional packaging materials, such as plastic bags and boxes, are not biodegradable and often end up in landfills, contributing to pollution.E-commerce companies have started to address this issue by offering packaging-free options and promoting the use of sustainable materials.Another challenge is the issue of returns. With the ease of online shopping, customers often order more items than they need, leading to a high rate of returns. This not only increases the carbon footprint of shipping but also creates additional waste. Some companies have introduced policies to encourage customers to return fewer items, such as offering incentives for reuse or donation.Despite these challenges, the e-commerce industry is not standing still. There are innovative solutions being developed to make the process more sustainable. For example, some companies are experimenting with drone delivery to reduce the number of vehicles on the road. Others are investing in energy-efficient data centers to power their operations.1、What is one of the main concerns related to e-commerce packaging?A)The high cost of shipping materials.B)The environmental impact of non-biodegradable materials.C)The difficulty in recycling packaging materials.2、How does the high rate of returns affect e-commerce?A)It increases the demand for new packaging materials.B)It leads to a decrease in the cost of shipping.C)It creates additional waste and increases the carbon footprint.3、What is an innovative solution being developed to make e-commerce more sustainable?A)The use of reusable packaging.B)The implementation of strict return policies.C)The introduction of drone delivery.Answers:1、B2、C3、A五、阅读理解-词汇理解（填空题，共5分）First QuestionPassage:In today’s fast-paced world, conservation has become a major concern for environmentalists and policymakers alike. Preserving natural resources is not just about protecting the environment; it also plays a critical role in ensuring sustainable development and improving the quality of life for future generations. Innovative methods are being explored to achieve this goal, including the use of renewable energy sources and promoting eco-friendly practices in industries.Questions:1、The word “conservation” in the passage most likely means:A) The act of using something economically or sparingly.B) The protection of natural resources from being wasted.C) The process of changing something fundamentally.D) The act of restoring something to its original state.Answer: B) The protection of natural resources from being wasted.2、The word “innovative” in the passage is closest in meaning to:A) Outdated.B) Traditional.C) Creative.D) Unchanged.Answer: C) Creative.3、Based on the context, t he term “eco-friendly” would be best described as:A) Practices that are harmful to the environment.B) Practices that are beneficial to the environment.C) Practices that have no impact on the environment.D) Practices that focus solely on economic growth.Answer: B) Practices that are beneficial to the environment.4、The phrase “sustainable development” in the text refers to:A) Development that uses up all available resources quickly.B) Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.C) Development that focuses only on immediate economic gains.D) Development that disregards environmental concerns.Answer: B) Development that meets present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.5、When the passage mentions “quality of life,” it implies:A) A decrease in living standards over time.B) An improvement in the overall conditions under which people live and work.C) The absence of any efforts to improve living conditions.D) The focus on increasing industrial activities regardless of their impact.Answer: B) An improvement in the overall conditions under which people live and work.This format closely follows the structure you might find in an actual CET Band 4 exam, with a passage followed by vocabulary questions that test understanding of context and word meanings.第二题Reading PassagesIn today’s fast-paced world, staying informed about current events is more important than ever. One of the best ways to keep up with the news is to read newspapers. However, not all newspapers are created equal. Here is an overview of some of the most popular newspapers in the world.1.The New York Times (USA): Established in 1851, The New York Times is one of the most prestigious and influential newspapers in the world. It covers a wide range of topics, including national and international news, politics, business, science, technology, and culture.2.The Guardian (UK): The Guardian is a British newspaper that has been in circulation since 1821. It is known for its liberal bias and its commitment to investigative journalism. The Guardian covers a variety of issues, including politics, the environment, and social justice.3.Le Monde (France): Le Monde is a French newspaper that was founded in 1944. It is one of the most widely read newspapers in France and is known for its in-depth reporting and analysis of global events.4.The Times (UK): The Times is another British newspaper that has been in circulation since 1785. It is a conservative newspaper that focuses on politics, business, and finance.5.El País (Spain): El País is a Spanish newspaper that was founde d in 1976. It is one of the most popular newspapers in Spain and is known for its comprehensive coverage of national and international news.Vocabulary UnderstandingChoose the best word or phrase to complete each sentence. Write your answers in the spaces provided.1、The____________of The New York Times is that it is one of the most prestigious and influential newspapers in the world.a.reputationb.historyc.popularityd.bias2、The Guardian is known for its____________bias and its commitment to investigative journalism.a.liberalb.conservativec.moderated.biased3、Le Monde is one of the most widely read newspapers in France and is known forits____________reporting and analysis.a.shallowb.superficialc.in-depthd.brief4、The Times is a conservative newspaper that focuses on____________issues.a.socialb.economicc.politicald.cultural5、El País is one of the most popular newspapers in Spain and is known for its comprehensive____________of national and international news.a.reportingb.analysisc.coveraged.editorialAnswers:1、a. reputation2、a. liberal3、c. in-depth4、c. political5、c. coverage六、阅读理解-长篇阅读（选择题，共10分）第一题Reading Passage OneIn recent years, with the rapid development of the internet and mobile technology, online learning has become increasingly popular among students. Online courses, such as those offered by MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses), provide students with convenient access to high-quality educational resources from around the world. However, despite the benefits of online learning, there are also some challenges and considerations that need to be addressed.1.The following passage is about:A. The advantages and disadvantages of online learningB. The impact of online learning on traditional educationC. The history of MOOCs and their role in educationD. The challenges faced by students in online learning2.According to the passage, what is one of the main benefits of online learning?A. It allows students to study at their own paceB. It provides access to a wider range of educational resourcesC. It increases the interaction between students and teachersD. It reduces the cost of education3.The passage mentions that online learning has become increasingly popular due to:A. The advancements in internet technologyB. The decline of traditional education systemsC. The desire for flexible learning schedulesD. All of the above4.What is one of the challenges mentioned in the passage that online learners may face?A. Limited access to technological devicesB. Difficulty in maintaining self-disciplineC. Lack of face-to-face interaction with teachersD. All of the above5.The passage suggests that in order to succeed in online learning, students should:A. Attend online classes regularlyB. Engage in active discussions with peersC. Set clear goals and deadlines for their studiesD. All of the above答案：1.A2.B3.D4.D5.D第二题Reading Passage OneThe rise of the Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate and accessinformation. One of the most significant impacts has been the transformation of education, with online learning becoming increasingly popular. This passage explores the benefits and challenges of online learning.The Benefits of Online Learning1.Flexibility: Online learning offers students the flexibility to study at their own pace and on their own schedule. This is particularly beneficial for working professionals and those with other commitments.2.Access to a Wide Range of Resources: Online courses often provide access to a wealth of resources, including textbooks, videos, and interactive materials that can enhance the learning experience.3.Diverse Learning Opportunities: Online learning platforms offer a wide variety of courses, ranging from traditional academic subjects to specialized and niche areas of study.4.Cost-Effective: Online courses can be more affordable than traditional classroom-based programs, especially for those who live far from educational institutions.The Challenges of Online Learning1.Self-Discipline: Online learning requires a high level of self-discipline and motivation, as students must manage their time and stay focused without the structure of a traditional classroom.2.Limited Interaction: Online courses often lack the face-to-face interaction that is common in traditional classrooms, which can impact the learning experience and social development of students.3.Technical Issues: Online learning relies heavily on technology, which can lead to technical issues that disrupt the learning process.4.Quality Assurance: With the proliferation of online courses, ensuring the quality and integrity of these courses can be a challenge.Questions:1、What is one of the main advantages of online learning mentioned in the passage?A. It is more expensive than traditional education.B. It requires students to be self-disciplined.C. It provides flexibility in studying.D. It lacks face-to-face interaction.2、According to the passage, what can online learning platforms offer that traditional classrooms might not?A. Limited access to textbooks.B. Fewer specialized courses.C. More interactive learning materials.D. No video resources.3、Which of the following is a challenge that online learning may present?A. Students can easily attend classes at a local university.B. There are no technical issues with online learning.C. It is difficult to ensure the quality of online courses.D. Online learning is always more affordable than traditional education.4、The passage suggests that online learning can be beneficial for:A. Students who prefer face-to-face interaction.B. Individuals with other commitments.C. Those who want to avoid textbooks.D. People who have no access to technology.5、What is one potential drawback of online learning that the passage discusses?A. The ability to study at any time.B. The use of a wide range of resources.C. The possibility of technical disruptions.D. The convenience of studying from home.Answers:1、C2、C3、C4、B5、C七、阅读理解-仔细阅读（选择题，共20分）第一题Reading PassagesIn the following passage, there are some blanks. For each blank there arefour choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage.The digital revolution is changing the way we live, work, and communicate. One of the most significant changes is the rise of artificial intelligence (AI). AI refers to the development of computer systems that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, and decision-making.The potential of AI is enormous. It has the potential to transform industries, improve efficiency, and make our lives more convenient. However, with great power comes great responsibility. The ethical implications of AI are complex and multifaceted.1、The passage is mainly aboutA. the benefits of the digital revolutionB. the rise of artificial intelligenceC. the challenges of the digital revolutionD. the ethical implications of AI2、What is the main concern regarding AI mentioned in the passage?A. Its potential to disrupt traditional industriesB. Its potential to replace human jobsC. Its potential to be used for unethical purposesD. Its potential to cause social inequalities3、The author suggests that AI has the potential to。
大学英语四级写作指导(词汇篇-基础知识) (1)
大学英语四级写作指导（词汇篇—基础知识）一、词语使用的准确性与得体性准确性词是表达思想的基本组成要素，思想和意图的准确传达离不开准确地词语。
英语单词兼具表达词意和体现语法功能的双重身份。
因此，词语选用准确包括语法和词意两个方面。
下面三个“注意”能帮助实现用词的准确。
1. 注意语法规则英语单词在句子中除了表达意思外，还要符合一定的语法要求。
写作时尤其需要注意词语位置和一些特殊语法现象。
（1）名词单复数的特殊现象。
（2）形容词的特殊现象和位置关系。
（3）副词的位置原则。
①程度副词放在被修饰的动词、形容词或副词之前，情态动词、助动词或be之后。
若助动词与be连用时，则放在两者之间。
--Continuing development of international business is absolutely dependent on effective and efficient international financial markets.国际贸易的持续发展完全依赖于有效和高效的国际金融市场。
②频率副词通常放在行为动词前，情态动词、助动词或be动词之后。
若助动词与be连用时，则放在两者之间。
--The way everyone watches TV, listens to music, or looks at photos will never be the same again. 人们看电视、听音乐和看照片的方式永远不会再像这样了。
③方式副词一般放在动词后。
--We should learn how to react gracefully when someone despises us.我们应该学习在别人鄙视我们时，如何优雅地回应他们。
④在“动词+宾语”结构中，副词一般放于宾语后。
如果宾语结构太长时也可以将副词放于动词前。
然而，在“动词+介词+宾语”结构中，方式副词既可置于介词前，也可置于宾语后。
大学英语四级写作指导：Only的特殊用法
大学英语四级写作指导：Only的特殊用法大学英语四级写作指导：Only的特殊用法only[英][unli][美][onli]adj.唯一的; 仅有的; 最好的，最适当的';adv.只，仅仅; 结果却，不料;conj.但是，可是; 要不是;Only的特殊用法：only放在不定式前面，常表示不愉快或出乎人们的意料的结果。
如I went all the way to his home only to find hime out at a meeting.我径直到他家里去，不料发现他出去开会了。
I hurried to the post office only to find it closed.我匆忙赶到邮局，不料已经关门了。
She went home only to find her house burglarized.她回到家里，发现房子被盗了。
only引导的词组或句子放在句首作状语时，通常要用倒装结构。
如Only in this way can you solve the problem.只有通过这种方式你才能解决问题。
Only if you study hard can you pass the exam.只有努力学习才能通过考试。
Only then did I realize my mistake.只有那时我才意识到错了。
not only...(but also)出现在句首时，如果架连接的是两个句子，常用倒装。
如Not only did we lose all our money,but we also came close to losing our lives.我们不仅丢了钱，还差点把命丢了。
Not only did he speak correctly,but he also spoke easily.他不仅说得准确，而且说得很轻松。
“too...to...”结构中，表示否定意思，但在“only too...to...”结构中，only too = very，表示肯定意思。
大学英语四级考试新题型之写作技巧
• 文章内容 提示中的三部分一个都不能少，每一部分 都是文章中的重点内容，而且也不能跑题。 一般文章都需要提出自己的观点，所以在 结尾一定要提出自己的观点表示自己观点, 总结型的词汇： In my opinion,in a word
• 细节问题 分段，首字缩进，字体工整。
四级写作的要求 一、评分原则 1.CET是检查考生是否达到大学英语教学大纲规定的教学要求，对作 文的评判应以此要求为准则 • 2.CET作文题采用总体(Global Scoring)评分方法。阅卷人员就总的印 象给出奖励分(Reward Scores)，而不是按语言点的错误数量扣分。 • 3.从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。内容和语言是一个统 一体。作文应表达题目做规定的内容，而内容要通过语言来表达，要 考虑作文是否切题，是否充分表达思想，也要考虑是否用英语清楚而 适切地表达思想，也就是要考虑语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍。 • 4.避免趋中倾向。该给高分的给高分，包括满分；该给低分的给低分， 包括0分。一名阅卷人员在所评阅的全部作文卷中不应只给中间的几 种分数。 • • •
• 4.评分标准： • 2分——条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎。 • 5分——基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。大部分 句子均有错误，切多数为严重错误。 • 8分——基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉 强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中一些是严重错误。 • 11分——切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言 错误。 • 14分——切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好。 基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。 • 白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的词而无法 表，这部分呈现考试程序变而考试要求不变的特点。 第一部分是写作，这部分呈现考试程序变而考试要求不变的特点
英语四级应用文
英语四级应用文一、写作要求英语四级应用文主要考察的是学生的英语应用能力和表达能力。
在写作过程中，我们需要遵循以下要求：1. 格式规范：应用文一般包括信件、通知、申请书、简历等多种形式，每种形式的格式都有其特定的规范，需要按照规范进行写作。
2. 内容明确：应用文的内容要明确、具体，不能含糊其辞，让人无法理解。
3. 语言准确：应用文的用词要准确、简洁，不能出现语法错误或拼写错误。
4. 符合文体特点：应用文要有特定的文体特点，如信件要有信头、地址等。
二、写作指导在写作过程中，我们可以遵循以下步骤：1. 确定文体：根据写作内容，选择合适的文体，如信件、通知、申请书等。
2. 确定格式：按照所选文体的格式进行写作，确保格式正确。
3. 拟定提纲：在写作前，可以先拟一个提纲，列出主要内容，确保写作时不会漏掉重要信息。
4. 展开写作：按照提纲，逐步展开写作，注意用词准确、简洁，避免出现语法错误和拼写错误。
5. 检查修改：完成初稿后，要仔细检查修改，确保内容明确、格式规范、语言准确。
三、例文展示以下是一个英语四级应用文的例文，是一封求职信：尊敬的招聘负责人：我叫[你的名字]，是一名即将毕业的英语专业学生，对贵公司目前招聘的职位非常感兴趣。
我在大学期间积累了丰富的英语听说读写经验，相信我的能力能为您的公司带来新的活力。
我对[职位名称]这个职位非常感兴趣，我在大学期间有幸参与了与[相关领域]相关的项目，这让我对[职位相关内容]有深入的了解。
我坚信我的专业知识能让我在贵公司胜任这个职位，并为其发展做出贡献。
我的英语水平在班级中一直名列前茅，能够流利地使用英语进行口头和书面交流。
我曾在校内担任英语角组织者，负责策划和执行各类活动，锻炼了我的组织和沟通能力。
此外，我还积极参加各类实习和志愿者活动，锻炼了自己的团队协作和问题解决能力。
我非常期待有机会加入贵公司，与优秀的同事们共同成长。
如果您有任何问题或需要进一步的信息，我随时愿意提供帮助。
大学英语四级写作课教案
课时：2课时教学目标：1. 让学生掌握大学英语四级写作的基本要求和技巧；2. 提高学生的英语写作能力和表达能力；3. 培养学生良好的写作习惯。
教学内容：1. 大学英语四级写作要求及评分标准；2. 写作技巧和策略；3. 常见写作类型及范文分析；4. 学生写作练习及点评。
教学过程：第一课时一、导入1. 复习上一节课的内容，引导学生回顾英语写作的基本要求；2. 介绍本节课的教学目标。
二、讲解大学英语四级写作要求及评分标准1. 分析四级写作的评分标准，包括内容、组织、语言、词汇和语法等方面；2. 结合具体实例，讲解写作要求及评分标准。
三、讲解写作技巧和策略1. 分析写作前的准备工作，如审题、构思等；2. 讲解写作过程中的技巧，如段落划分、句子结构、过渡等；3. 分析写作后的修改和润色方法。
四、常见写作类型及范文分析1. 分析常见的写作类型，如议论文、说明文、记叙文等；2. 结合范文，讲解各类写作的特点和技巧。
五、布置写作练习1. 学生根据所学知识，独立完成一篇作文；2. 教师对学生的作文进行点评和指导。
第二课时一、复习上一节课的内容1. 引导学生回顾上一节课的写作技巧和策略；2. 复习常见写作类型及范文分析。
二、讲解写作练习中的问题1. 教师对学生的作文进行点评，指出优点和不足；2. 针对学生的写作问题，进行针对性的讲解和指导。
三、总结本节课的内容1. 总结大学英语四级写作的要求、技巧和策略；2. 强调写作过程中的注意事项。
四、布置课后作业1. 学生根据本节课所学知识，完成一篇作文；2. 教师对学生的作业进行批改和点评。
教学评价：1. 课堂表现：观察学生在课堂上的参与程度、发言积极性等；2. 作文质量：评价学生的作文内容、结构、语言等方面；3. 课后作业：检查学生课后作业的完成情况。
教学反思：1. 课后总结教学效果，分析学生的写作水平和存在的问题；2. 不断调整教学方法，提高教学效果。
大学英语四级写作指导
大学英语四级写作记叙文记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主要内容，以记叙、描写为主要表达方式的一种文体，通常分为三类：1. 以人物为主的记叙文，即以人物为中心组织材料，围绕这个人物来写一件事或两件事。
2. 以事件为主的记叙文。
即以事件为中心组织材料，围绕中心事件可以写一个人或几个人。
3. 以写景状物为主的记叙文，应注意的是，在一篇记叙文中，写人、写景、写事往往是交织在一起的，不可截然分开，但各有侧重。
写记叙文通常应遵循以下几点：1. 交待要素，即人、时、地、事。
2. 按事件发生的先后顺序叙述，做到完整具体。
3. 重点突出，目的明确，不要玩弄词藻，讲清言明即可。
写作时还要注意，用第一人称时主要是本人的经历或耳闻目睹之事；用第三人称时则主要是他人的经历和事情。
记叙文所记的都是过去发生的事，所以原则上通常都用过去时态写，但有时也用历史现在时和戏剧现在时。
范文1：一对外发行的英文报纸有“人物剪影”栏目，请根据下面的提示写一篇短文，介绍我国著名乒乓球运动员王楠。
提示：1. 王楠：1978年10月出生于辽宁。
2. 身高1.62米，体重54公斤。
3. 7岁开始打球，1989年进入辽宁队，1993年入选国家队。
4. 训练刻苦，与队友相处融洽。
5. 喜欢上网，交友。
网址：wangnan@.6. 在国际比赛中获得几十枚金牌，为国家争得了荣誉。
注意：1. 题目自拟；2. 不要逐条翻译提示，可适当增加细节，使短文连贯。
3. 词数100~140Wang Nan－World Champion in Ping pongWang Nan， a world champion in Ping Pong， is 1.62 meter tall with the weight of 54 kilograms. She was born in Loaning Province in October 1978. She began to play ping pong at the age of seven. She worked in Loaning Team for three years before she came to the national team in 1993. She trained hard and got along well with her teammates. Wang Nan has won scores of gold medals in international table-tennis games and won great honor for our motherland. She likes going on the net and she enjoys chatting with friends through the Internet. You can find more information about her at Wangnan@wang-nan net.范文2：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to writea composition on the topic My Most Favorite Programmer. You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1.我最喜爱的电视(或无线电)节目是……2.这类节目的内容和特点3.我喜欢它的原因My Most Favorite ProgrammerThe News Report has always been my favorite TV program. Almost everyday I turn on the TV at 6:30 p.m. and wait for the news program. This has become a part of my life.The News Report contains a large amount of information C from the international political. situation to the latest foot-ball game. And the most important character is its fast pace. Because of this fast pace, news programs can contain much information in a short time.In my opinion, the News Report is more than a TV program. It is a way of communication. From this program, people can know and understand world affairs. The world thus becomes smaller.I especially appreciate this benefit of watching the news. 范文3：今天是教师节，请根据以下提示写一篇记叙你的英语老师的短文，约220词左右。
大学英语四级写作技巧盘点
大学英语四级写作技巧盘点通过了三级B考试的同学们,就要开始考虑四级考试了。
相信大家在高中甚至初中阶段就已经听说过英语四级的“恐怖传说”了。
下面是小编整理的大学英语四级写作技巧盘点，欢迎大家阅读分享借鉴。
英语四级写作技巧看清题目，明确写作范围、内容。
和我们考试一样，有许多的学生看一半题，就感觉已经很是理解题目的意思了。
这是兵家之大忌，写到最后才发现自己写的已经跑题了，为时已晚。
一般来说最少分三段，第一段说明情况、阐明自己的基本观点，反对还是赞同。
第二段可以分段论述自己的观点，可以摆明自己的证据、例子、看法。
最后一点对自己的论述观点要进行总结归纳。
阐述部分最重要。
在论述自己的观点的时候要有层次，有条理。
在每句开头还可以用First,Secondly,Finally等开头词来分别诉说自己的观点。
可以用一些大家熟知的例子来论证你的观点。
平时要多积累一些词汇、句式等。
比如表示举例、转折、连接等的词汇证明你的词汇积累是很大的，这样才可以让判卷老师在短时间范围内给你高的分数。
在考试进考场的时候，你可以多看看自己以前的积累本。
遇到不同的要求要理解题目的意思。
遇到表格类的写作，就要分析卷子是让你论证什么观点，你需要在脑海中建立什么观点。
遇到漫画写作，要看清漫画想要告诉你的寓意是什么。
注意的小知识点。
考试写作文中题目大小写，作文开头字母的大小写，以及文中的标点符号，段落层次表达的意思。
还有就是文章的人称、时态。
时态，是文章的精髓，一个时态应用不正英语四级写作方法文意切题：切题是决定一篇作文是否合格的根本。
即使结构清晰、语言华丽，但主题与指令要求不符，那一切都是枉然。
所以，写作时，文章主题一定要紧扣命题点或图画寓意来写，段落布局也要切合主题，从而确保内容准确。
结构清晰：英语作文讲求逻辑严密，要求文章结构合理有序。
一般而言，四级作文可依三段式展开，第一段提出问题、点明主题或描述图画;第二段分析问题、论述主题或揭示图画寓意;第三段解决问题、给出评论或发出吁请。
大学英语四级考试写作辅导
大学英语四级考试写作辅导2012年6月大学英语四级考试写作辅导(1)记叙文的思路与练习记叙文是以叙述人物的记忆和事物的进展变化过程为要紧表现形式的一种文体。
记叙文既能够以写人为主，又能够以写事为主。
写记叙文要注意记叙文的“六大要素”即：时刻(When)——何时发生，有没有具体时刻?地方(Where)——何地发生，有没有地方变化?人物(Who)——何人参与，谁是主角?事件(What)——发生了啥，有何特点?缘故(Why)——事件的起因?结果(How)——事件的通过及结局?普通讲来，在一篇记叙文中这六大要素是缺一别可的。
记叙文的思路就环绕这六大要素充分展开。
【例】四级考试中，只浮现过一次特意的记叙文体裁的写作，即“An Early Morning Walk”(1988.6.)，2003年6月浮现过包含记叙文的作文，即“An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident”。
关于“An Early Morning Walk”，懂命题要求后，我们就要开始构思了。
When：题目已规定了是“清晨”，在那个时候，“我”去散步。
Where：到哪儿散步?去公园?在校园里?在街上(街上空气不行，依然别去!)。
Who：在公园里看到晨练的人：中老年人、年轻人、孩子子;在校园里看到读书背单词的学生。
What：人们热火朝乾坤做操，随音乐跳舞，打球，等等。
Why：清晨空气清新，适合锻炼;一日之际在于晨，背背书，读读单词。
固然，由那个题目能够令人想到非常多东西，因篇幅所限，我们做了删减。
参考范文An Early Morning WalkOne morning I got up very early， and everything around was very quiet.The sun had just risen， shining brilliantly and everything seemed to be covered with a layer of golden silk. There were only some birds singing occasionally in the tall trees. I strolled along the street toward the park， breathing the fresh air and feeling extremely happy.When I arrived at the park， I found， to my surprise， that there were so many people there. Men and women， boys and girls， all were enjoying themselves in their various activities. Some were doing morning exercises， some were playing badminton and some old people were having their tea while talking to each other cheerfully.I wandered around the park. To my delight， I found a few middle-school students talking to each other in English in one corner of the park. I went up and spoke to them in English. We soon became friends. I was very glad to find another opportunity to practice my spoken English. On the way home， I realized that an early morning walk really was good and healthful. Taking early morning walks makes one healthy and wise.【点评】文章按照时刻顺序(in chronological order)，第一句话点明时刻(One morning)、人物(第一人称“I”)，并简要描述了凌晨的特点(What was the setting)，继续第二段第一句话交代地方(in the park)，然后介绍公园里人们及作者的活动(What was happening)，最终在文章结尾点题，即，归纳中心思想——Taking early morning walks makes one healthy and wise. 仅仅189个单词既满脚了记叙文的“六大要素”，又有明确的中心思想和生动的细节，行文方式符合要求。