英语单词变化规则大汇总

英语单词的各种变化规则一、名词复数变化：（二）名词复数的不规则变化：1．child→children（儿童）man→men（男人）woman→women （女人）an Englishman→two Englishmen（英国人）foot→feet（脚）tooth→teeth（牙）mouse→mice（老鼠）ox →oxen（公牛）goose→geese（鹅）2．同形deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese，Swiss， species，means除，、、等都有复数形式。

如：a dollar,two dollars; a meter,two meters3．，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

people police cattle是复数（Correctness：a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss ）（Error：a people，a police，a cattle ）表示国民总称时，作复数用。

（The Chinese are industrious and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。

）4．以s结尾，仍为单数的名词1)maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。

2)news是不可数名词。

5. 表示由两部分构成的东西，glasses（眼镜） trousers （长裤） clothes（衣服）若表达具体数目，要借助pair（对，双）a pair of glasses ,two pairs of trousers\suit （套）6．另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思goods （货物） waters （水域） fishes （各种鱼）练习：写出下列各词的复数I _________ him _________ this ___________ her ______watch _______ child _______ photo ________ diary ______day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______ box________ strawberry _____ thief _______ fish______ peach______ sandwich ______man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________二、序数词变化规则（一）一般化规则：基数词+th→序数词（规则变化）four(四）→fourth(第四）six(六)→sixth(第六）seven(七）→seventh（第七）ten(十）→tenth（第十）eleven(十一）eleventh→（第十一）（二）**不规则变化的one(一）→first(第一）twenty-one →twenty-firsttwo(二）→second(第二）three(三）→third(第三)five（五）→fifth（第五）eight（八）→eighth(第八）fifty-eight →fifty-eighthnine(九）→ninth（第九）twelve(十二）→twelfth(第十二）（三）从13—19的基数词，都在个位数后加teen构成14→fourteen15→fifteen16→sixteen17→seventeen18→eighteen19→nineteen（四）整十的序数词，变y为ie再加th20 twenty→twentieth第二十30 thirty→thirtieth第三十40 forty→fortieth第十四50 fifty→fiftieth第五十60 sixty→sixtieth第六十70 seventy→seventieth第七十80 eight→eightieth第八十90 ninety→ninetieth第九十（五）分数的表达：分子用：基数词分母用：序数词特别要注意：当分子大于1时，分母要用：复数1/2 one second ; a half ; 1/4 a quarter ;3/4 three quarters 7/8 seven eighths3/5 three fifths（六）加减乘除表达a decimal number 小数a fraction 分数a percentage 百分数a odd number奇数an even number 偶数degrees 度数1) 加:and; plus; add to2+4=6Two and four is/equals six.或Two plus four is/equals six.或Two added to four equals six.2)减：minus ; subtract from 8-3=5Eight minus three is/equals five.或Three subtracted from eight is five.3)乘：multiply...by;multiplied by /times 3×5=15Multiply three by five is/equals fifteen.或Three multiplied by five is/equals fifteen.4)除：divide by.../divide ...by... 24÷8=3Twenty-four divided by eight is/equals three.或Divide 24 by 8 is /equals three.三．形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则：1.一般在词尾加er/est；2.以字母e 结尾，加r/st ；3.以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er/st ；原级比较级最高级slim slimmer slimmestbig bigger biggesthot hotter hottestfat fatter fattestthin thinner thinnestwet wetter wettestred redder reddestsad sadder saddest4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er/st5.多音节词.和部分双音节词，在单词前面加more或mostimportant??? more important??? most importantdifficult?? ? more difficult??? most difficultinteresting? more interesting? most interestinguseful????? ? more useful?????? most usefulbeautiful more beautiful most beautiful6．不规则形容词比较级：原级比较级最高级good/well better bestbad/ill worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastold older/elder oldest/eldestred redder reddestfar further/farther furthest /farthest写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级old__________ young________ tall_______ long________ short________ strong________ big________ small_______fat_________ thin__________ heavy______ light________ nice________ good_________ beautiful____________________ high_________ slow_______ fast________ low______ late__________ early_________ far_________ well_______ 四．动词第三人称单数变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies写出下列动词的第三人称单数drink ________ go _________ stay ________ make ________ look _________ have_______ ?pass_______ carry ________ come________ watch______ plant_______ fly __________ study_______ brush________ do_________ teach________ 五．动词现在分词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3. 以ie结尾的动词，把ie变为y再加ing。

如：lie - lying 平躺/说谎tie - tying系，捆（鞋带，领带）die - dying死4．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，这类动词有：Begin---- beginning 开始cut ---- cutting 剪、切dig ---- digging 挖get ---- getting 获得、得到、取hit ---- hitting 击、打、撞let ---- letting 让put ---- putting 放run ---- running 跑set ---- setting 设置、套shut ---- shutting 关闭、闭sit ---- sitting 坐babysit-----babysitting 临时受顾照看婴儿、照看小孩spit ---- spitting 吐痰、吐split ---- splitting 劈、分裂skip-----skipping 跳绳swim ---- swimming 游、游泳win ---- winning 赢、获胜shop---- shopping 购物、逛商店prefer----preferring 更喜欢….Step---- stepping 踩、踏Refer---- referring 参考、查阅Dip---- dipping 浸、泡、醮、舀（取）、吸出、掏Mop---- mopping 用拖把拖、洗、擦、抹、（另：猫扑）Nod ----nodding 点头Fret---- fretting （使）烦恼（烦恼）、（使）烦躁，（使）发愁，Kidnap-----kidnapping 绑架Nap-----napping 小睡、打盹Rot-----rotting 腐蚀、腐烂Spot-----spotting 玷污Hiccup-----hiccupping 打嗝beg ---- begging 乞求、乞讨drip ---- dripping （雨）滴落、滴下、滴dot ---- dotting 打点、打句号drop ---- dropping 坠落、落下fit ---- fitting 适合、合适hug ---- hugged 拥抱、怀抱、紧抱、抱有、持有plan ---- planning 计划、打算pat ---- patting 轻拍（打）、抚拍rid ---- ridding （使）免除、（使）摆脱、去掉rob ---- robbing 抢劫、动掠、盗取、剥夺reset ---- resetting 重排（放、植）、重接（断骨）regret ---- regretting 遗憾、懊悔、感到后悔（抱歉）stop ---- stopping 停止、停下、住手stir ---- stirring 搅拌、搅动、拨动、传布rub ---- rubbing 擦（上）、摩擦、擦到travel ---- travel(l)ing 旅行、行进、步行、交往whip ---- whipping 揩、擦（汗、水）Slip --------slipping 滑倒、跌倒Wrap -------wrapping 包装打包、包、裹、缠（绕）、卷写出下列动词的现在分词：play________ run__________ swim _________ make__________ go_________ like________ write________ _ ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________ 四．动词过去式变化规则：1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied4．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如beg ---- begged 乞求、乞讨dip---- dipped 浸、泡、醮、舀（取）、吸出、掏dot ---- dotted 打点、打句号drip ---- dripped （雨）滴落、滴下、滴drop ---- dropped 坠落、落下fit ---- fitted 适合、合适hiccup-----hiccupped 打嗝hug ---- hugged 拥抱、怀抱、紧抱、抱有、持有kidnap-----kidnapped 绑架mop---- mopped 用拖把拖、洗、擦、抹、（另：猫扑）nap-----napped 小睡、打盹nod ----nodded 点头pat ---- patted 轻拍（打）、抚拍plan ---- planned 计划、打算prefer----preferred 更喜欢….refer---- referred 参考、查阅regret ---- regretted 遗憾、懊悔、感到后悔（抱歉）rid ---- ridded （使）免除、（使）摆脱、去掉rob ---- robbed 抢劫、动掠、盗取、剥夺rot-----rotted 腐蚀、腐烂rub ---- rubbed 擦（上）、摩擦、擦到shop---- shopped 购物、逛商店slip --------slipped 滑倒、跌倒skip------skipped 跳绳spot-----spotted 玷污step---- stepped 踩、踏stir ---- stirred 搅拌、搅动、拨动、传布stop ---- stopped 停止、停下、住手trip-----tripped 绊倒travel ---- travel(l)ed 旅行、行进、步行、交往whip ---- whipped 揩、擦（汗、水）wrap -------wrapped 包装打包、包、裹、缠（绕）、卷。