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四级英语必考单词词汇_带音标

英语四级词汇一共4625个单词A (293个)abandon [ə'bændən]vt.丢弃；放弃，抛弃ability [ə'biliti]n.能力；能耐，本领able ['eibl] a.有能力的；出色的abnormal [æb'nɔ:məl] a.不正常的；变态的aboard [ə'bɔ:d] ad.在船(车)上；上船about [ə'baut] prep.关于；在…周围above [ə'bʌv]prep.在…上面；高于abroad [ə'brɔ:d] ad.(在)国外；到处absence ['æbsəns]n.缺席，不在场；缺乏absent ['æbsənt] a.不在场的；缺乏的absolute ['æbsəlju:t,] a.绝对的；纯粹的absolutely ['æbsəlju:tli] ad.完全地；绝对地absorb [əb'sɔ:b]vt.吸收；使专心abstract ['æbstrækt] a.抽象的n.摘要abundant [ə'bʌndənt] a.丰富的；大量的abuse [ə'bju:z]vt.滥用；虐待n.滥用academic [,ækə'demik] a.学院的；学术的academy [ə'kædəmi]n.私立中学；专科院校accelerate [ək'seləreit] vt.(使)加快；促进acceleration [ək,selə'reiʃən]n.加速；加速度accent ['æksənt]n.口音，腔调；重音accept [ək'sept] vt.vi.接受；同意Acceptable [ək'septəbl] a.可接受的，合意的acceptance [ək'septəns]n.接受，验收；承认access ['ækses]n.访问进入数据库accessory [ək'sesəri]n.附件辅料配件accident ['æksidənt]n.事故意外意外事件accidental [,æksi'dentəl] adj. 意外的；偶然的accommodate [ə'kɔmədeit] vt.调节适应供给accommodation [ə,kɔmə'deiʃən]n. 住处，膳宿；调节；和解；预订铺位设备accomplish [ə'kʌmpliʃ]vt.达到(目的)；完成accord [ə'kɔ:d]vt.使一致；给予vi. 符合；一致accordance [ə'kɔ:dəns]n.一致一致性调和accordingly [ə'kɔ:diŋli] ad.从而因此相应地account [ə'kaunt]n.记述；解释；帐目accumulate [ə'kju:mjuleit] vt.积累vi.堆积accuracy ['ækjurəsi]n.准确(性)；准确度accurate ['ækjurət] a.准确的，正确无误的accuse [ə'kju:z] vt.控告控诉检举accustom [ə'kʌstəm]vt.使习惯accustomed [ə'kʌstəmd] a.惯常的；习惯的ache [eik] vi.痛；想念n.疼痛achieve [ə'tʃi:v] vt.实现实现完成获得achievement [ə'tʃi:vmənt] n成绩成就完成acid ['æsid]n.酸；酸的，酸性的acquaintance [ə'kweintəns] n.相识但是不是很熟的人相识熟人acquire [ə'kwaiə] vt.获得获取购入acre ['eikə] n.英亩(=6.07亩)across [ə'krɔs]prep.横过；在…对面act [ækt] vi.行动；做事n.动作action ['ækʃən]n.行为诉讼作用active ['æktiv] a.活跃的；积极的activity [æk'tivəti]n.活动；活力；行动actor ['æktə] n.男演员；演剧的人actress ['æktris] n.女演员actual ['æktʃuəl] a.实际的；现行的actually ['æktʃuəli]ad.实际上；竟然acute [ə'kju:t] a.急性的尖锐的急尖的A.D 公元ad n.广告adapt [ə'dæpt] vt.适应改装使适应add [æd] vt.添加，附加，掺加addition [ə'diʃən] n.加，加法；附加物additional [ə'diʃənəl] a附加的额外的另外的address [ə'dres] n.地址住址市内地址adequate ['ædikwit] a.足够的适当的适度的adjective ['ædʒiktiv] n.形容词a.形容词的adjust [ə'dʒʌst] vt.调整调节校正administration [əd,mini'streiʃən] n.总务部管理经营admire [əd'maiə]vt.钦佩，羡慕，赞赏admission [əd'miʃən]n.n. 承认；入场费；进入许可admit [əd'mit] vt.承认；准许…进入adopt [ə'dɔpt]vt.采用采纳收养adult ['ædʌlt,n.成年人a.成年的advance [əd'vɑ:ns]vi.前进；提高n.进展advanced [əd'vɑ:nst] a.先进的；高级的advantage [əd'vɑ:ntidʒ]n.优点优势分优势adventure [əd'ventʃə]n.冒险；惊险活动adverb ['ædvə:b]n.副词advertisement [əd'və:tismənt n.广告；公告；登广告advice [əd'vais]n.劝告；忠告；意见advisable [əd'vaizəbl]adj. 可取的适当的明智的advise [əd'vaiz] vt.劝告建议劝说aeroplane ['εərəplein] n.飞机affair [ə'fεə] n.绯闻事体事情affect [ə'fekt]vt.影响；感动affection [ə'fekʃən] n.情感友情感情afford [ə'fɔ:d] vt.担负得起…；提供afraid [ə'freid] a.害怕的；担心的Africa ['æfrikə]n.非洲African ['æfrikən] a.非洲的n.非洲人after ['ɑ:ftə]prep.在…以后；次于afternoon [,ɑ:ftə:'nu:n]n.下午，午后afterward ['ɑ:ftəwəd]ad.后来以后然后again [ə'ɡen]ad.又一次；而且against [ə'ɡenst prep.反对逆着age [eidʒ]n.年龄；时代agency ['eidʒənsi] n.经办；代理；代理处agent ['eidʒənt]n.代理人，代理商aggressive [ə'ɡresiv] a有进取心的咄咄逼人大胆的ago [ə'ɡəu]ad.以前之前agony ['æɡəni]n.濒死痛苦痛苦苦恼agree [ə'ɡri:] vi.同意；持相同意见agreement [ə'ɡri:mənt]n.协议协定agriculture ['æɡrikʌltʃə] n.农业，农艺；农学ahead ad.在前；向前；提前aid [eid] n.帮助，救护；创可贴急救aim [eim] vi.瞄准，针对；致力air [εə]n.空气；空中；外观aircraft ['εəkrɑ:ft]n.飞机，飞行器airline ['εəlain]n.航空公司；航线airplane ['εəplein]n.飞机airport ['εəpɔ:t]n.机场，航空站alarm [ə'lɑ:m] n.惊恐，忧虑；警报alcohol ['ælkəhɔl]n.酒精，乙醇alike [ə'laik] a.同样的，相同的alive [ə'laiv] a.活着的；活跃的all [ɔ:l] a.全部的prep.全部allow [ə'lau] vt.允许，准许；任alloy ['ælɔi]n.合金铝合金almost ['ɔ:lməust]ad.几乎，差不多alone [ə'ləun] a.单独的ad.单独地along [ə'lɔŋ]prep.沿着ad.向前aloud [ə'laud] ad.出声地，大声地alphabet ['ælfəbit]n.字母表，字母系统already [ɔ:l'redi]ad.早已，已经also ['ɔ:lsəu] ad.还有亦而且alter ['ɔ:ltə] vt.改变转换修改alternative [ɔ:l'tə:nətiv]n.替换物；取舍，抉择although [ɔ:l'ðəu] conj.尽管，虽然altitude ['æltitju:d]n.高，高度；高处altogether [,ɔ:ltə'ɡeðə] ad.完全一共总共aluminium [,ælju'minjəm]n.铝always ['ɔ:lweiz]ad.总是直到永远a.m (缩)上午，午前amaze [ə'meiz] vt.使惊奇让谁谁谁吃惊惊奇ambition [æm'biʃən]n.雄心，抱负，野心ambulance ['æmbjuləns] n.救护车；野战医院America [ə'merikə] n.美洲；美国American [ə'merikən] a.美洲的n.美国人among [ə'mʌŋ] prep.在…之中amongst [ə'mʌŋst]prep在…之中(=among) amount [ə'maunt] n.总数；数量；和ampere ['æmpεə]n.安培amplify ['æmplifai]vt.放大加强扩展amuse [ə'mju:z]vt. 使发笑使愉快使欢乐analyse ['ænəlaiz]vt.分析追根究底剖析analysis [ə'næləsis]n.分析，分解，解析ancestor ['ænsestə]n.祖宗，祖先anchor ['æŋkə]n 新闻主播锚锚点ancient ['einʃənt] a.古代的，古老的and ænd conj.和，又，并，则angel ['eindʒəl]n.天使，神差，安琪儿anger ['æŋɡə]n.怒，愤怒vt.使发怒angle ['æŋɡl]n.角，角度angry ['æŋɡri] a.愤怒的，生气的animal ['æniməl]n.动物ankle ['æŋkl]n.踝，踝节部announce [ə'nauns]vt.通知宣布正式宣布announcer [ə'naunsə] n.宣告者；播音员annoy [ə'nɔi] vt.打扰使烦恼使恼怒annual ['ænjuəl] a.每年的n.年报another [ə'nʌðə] a.再一个的；别的answer ['ɑ:nsəvt.回答答案应答ant [ænt] n.蚂蚁anticipate [æn'tisipeit] vt.预期预见期待anxiety [æŋ'zaiəti]焦虑症焦虑忧虑anxious ['ænkʃəs] a.忧虑的关心的焦急的any ['eni] a.什么，一些；任何的anybody ['eni,bɔdi] prep.任何人anyhow ['enihau] ad.无论如何anyone ['eniwʌn]pron.任何人anything ['eniθiŋ] pron.任何事物；一切anyway ['eniwei]ad.无论如何anywhere ['enihwεə]ad.在什么地方apart [ə'pɑ:t] a分开的ad分别地分离着apartment [ə'pɑ:tmənt]n.公寓寓所套间apologize [ə'pɔlədʒaiz]vi.道歉，谢罪，认错apology [ə'pɔlədʒi]n.道歉，认错，谢罪apparatus [,æpə'reitəs]n.仪器装置设备apparent [ə'pærənt] a.明显的表观外观上的appeal [ə'pi:l]n vt i.&n.上诉呼吁申诉appear [ə'piə]vi. 出现似乎呈现appearance [ə'piərəns]n.外观外形外观疵点appetite ['æpitait]n.胃口食欲爱好apple ['æpl] n.苹果，苹果树appliance [ə'plaiəns] n.设备工具用具applicable ['æplikəbl] a.可以应用的能应用的适用的application [,æpli'keiʃən] n.应用用途应用程序apply [ə'plai] vt.申请应用套用appoint [ə'pɔint]vt.指定任命委任appointment [ə'pɔintmənt] n.任命约会约定appreciate [ə'pri:ʃieit] vt.感激赏识欣赏approach [ə'prəutʃ]vt 对待处理vi 接近appropriate [ə'prəuprieit] a.适当的，恰当的vt. 占用；拨出approval [ə'pru:vəl]n批准核准赞成approve [ə'pru:v] vt.认可批准同意approximate [ə'prɔksimit] a.近似大约左右approximately [ə'prɔksimitli] ad.大约大概近似April ['eiprəl] n.四月Arabian [ə'reibiən] a.阿拉伯阿拉伯马阿拉伯人arbitrary ['ɑ:bitrəri] a.任意角度任意的architecture ['ɑ:kitektʃə]n.建筑学体系结构架构area ['εəriə] n.面积；地区；领域argue ['ɑɡju:] vi.争论，争辩，辩论argument ['ɑ:ɡjumənt] n.争论，辩论；理由参数自变量arise [ə'raiz]vi.出现发生由arithmetic [ə'riθmətik] n.n. 算术，算法arm [ɑ:m] n.臂；臂部摇杆army ['ɑ:mi]n.军队；陆军around [ə'raund]prep.在周围左右arouse [ə'rəuz] vt.激发引起唤起arrange [ə'reindʒ]vt.排列安排处理arrangement [ə'reindʒmənt] n.安排排列协定arrest [ə'rest]vt.逮捕拘捕扣留arrival [ə'raivəl] n.到达到来抵达arrive [ə'raiv] vi.抵达来到来临arrow ['ærəu] n.箭牌箭头箭号article ['ɑ:tikəl]n.文章；条款；物品记事制品artificial [,ɑ:ti'fiʃəl]adj. 仿真的人造的人工的artist ['ɑ:tist] n.艺术家大师艺人artistic [ɑ:'tistik] a.艺术的；艺术家的as [æz]conj. 因为；随着；虽然；当…时prep. 如同ash [æʃ] n. 灰；灰烬骨灰ashamed [ə'ʃeimd] a惭愧的羞愧的羞耻的Asia ['eiʃə]n.亚洲Asian ['eiʃən] a.亚洲的n.亚洲人aside [ə'said]ad.在旁边在一旁ask [ɑ:sk]vt. 问，询问；要求asleep [ə'sli:p] a.睡着的，睡熟的aspect ['æspekt]n.面貌姿局面assemble [ə'sembl]vt.组装安装集合assembly [ə'sembli] n. 装配；集会，集合assess [ə'ses]vt.评估评定评价assign [ə'sain] vt.转让分配赋值assignment [ə'sainmənt] n. 分配；任务；作业；功课assist [ə'sist]vt.援助，帮助；搀扶assistant [ə'sistənt] n.助理助教助手associate [ə'səuʃieit]vi.关联结交n.合伙人伙伴，同事association [ə,səusi'eiʃən] n.协会，团体；联合assume [ə'sju:m]vt.承担假设采用assure [ə'ʃuə] vt.vt. 保证；担保；使确信；弄清楚astonish [ə'stɔniʃ]vt.震惊使震惊震悚astronaut ['æstrənɔ:t]n.宇宙航行员，宇航员at æt, prep.在…里；在…时athlete ['æθli:t]n.运动员；田径运动员Atlantic [ət'læntik]n大西洋亚特兰大atmosphere ['ætmə,sfiə] n.. 气氛；大气；空气atmospheric [,ætməs'ferik] a.大气的；大气层的atom ['ætəm]n.原子；微粒；微量atomic [ə'tɔmik] a.原子的；原子能的attach [ə'tætʃ]vt.附加粘上attack [ə'tæk]vt.&vi.&n.攻击，进攻attain [ə'tein] vt.得到获取达到attempt [ə'tempt] vt.尝试，试图n.企图attend [ə'tend]vt.参加就读陪伴attention [ə'tenʃən]n注意引起注意注意力Attentive [ə'tentiv] adj. 专心的注意的细心attitude ['æt?tju?d]n.态度姿态看法attract [ə'trækt]vt吸引招商引资吸收attraction [ə'trækʃən] n.吸引；吸引力；引力attractive [ə'træktiv] a.有吸引人的引起兴趣的有吸引力的attribute [ə'tribju:t n 属性特性vt. 归属audience ['ɔ:diəns]n.听众，观众，读者August [ɔ:'ɡʌst]n.八月adj. 威严的；令人敬畏的aunt [ɑ:nt,n.阿姨婶母姨妈aural ['ɔ:rəl] a.耳的，听觉的Australia [ɔ'streiljə]n.澳大利亚Australian [ɔ:'streɪljən] a.澳大利亚的author ['ɔ:θə] n.作者创始人作家authority [ɔ:'θɔrəti]n职权权威当局auto ['ɔ:təu]n.(口语)汽车automatic [,ɔ:tə'mætik] a.自动的；机械的automation [,ɔ:tə'meiʃən] n.自动，自动化automobile ['ɔ:təməubi]n.汽车，机动车autumn ['ɔ:təm] n.秋，秋季adj. 秋天的，秋季的auxiliary [ɔ:ɡ'ziljəri] a.辅助的；附属的available [ə'veiləbl] a.可到职可用的可获得的avenue ['ævənju:] n.林荫道，道路；大街average ['ævəridʒ]n.平均数a.平均的aviation [,eivi'eiʃən]n.航空，航空学avoid [ə'vɔid]vt.防止规避忌await [ə'weit]vt.等候有待期待awake [ə'weik] a.醒着的vt.唤醒award [ə'wɔ:d] n.奖，奖品；判定aware [ə'wεə] a.知道的，意识到的away [ə'wei]adv. 离去，离开；在远处awful [[ˈɔ:ful]adj. 可怕的，庄严的awfully ['ɔ:fuli] adv. 可怕地；十分；非常；很awkward ['ɔ:kwəd] a.尴尬的难处理的难使用的ax [æks]n.斧子axis ['æksis]n.轴轴向坐标轴B (226个)baby ['beibi] n.婴儿；孩子气的人back [bæk] ad.在后；回原处；回background ['bækɡraund]n.背景后台backward ['bækwəd] a.向后的；倒的ad.落后反向bacteria [bæk'tiəriə]n.细菌bad [bæd] a.坏的，恶的；严重的badly ['bædli] ad.坏，差；严重地badminton ['bædmintən]n.羽毛球bag [[bæɡ]] n.袋，包，钱包，背包baggage ['bæɡidʒ]n.行李bake [beik]vt.烤，烘，焙；烧硬balance ['bæləns]vt.使平衡；称n.天平ball [bɔ:l]n.球，球状物；舞会balloon [bə'lu:n]n.气球，玩具气球banana [bə'nɑ:nə,]n.香蕉；芭蕉属植物band [bænd]n.乐队；带；波段bang [bæŋ]n.巨响，枪声；猛击bank [bæŋk]n.银行；库；岩，堤banner ['bænə] n n. 旗帜，横幅；标语bar [bɑ:] n.酒吧间；条，杆；栅barber ['bɑ:bə] n.理发师bare [bεə] a.赤裸裸的裸露的暴露bargain ['bɑ:ɡin] n.交易vit.讨价还价廉价品侃价bark [bɑ:k]n.吠叫声vi.吠，叫barn [bɑ:n] n.谷仓；牲口棚barrel ['bærəl]n.桶；滚筒；枪管barrier ['bæriə] n.障碍绝缘拦路木base [beis]n.基础，底层；基地basic ['beisik] a.基本的，基础的Basically ['beisikəli] ad.从根本上说基本上基本地basin ['beisən] n.盆地流域港池basis ['beisis]n.基础基准标准basket ['bɑ:skit,]n.篮，篓，筐basketball ['bɑ:skitbɔ:l]n.篮球；篮球运动bat [bæt] n.球拍；短棍；蝙蝠bath [bɑ:θ]n.浴，洗澡；浴缸bathe [beið]vt.洗澡晒沐浴bathroom ['bɑ:θrum] n.浴室；盥洗室battery ['bætəri] n.电池蓄电池电池组battle ['bætl]n战斗战役Bay [bei] n.湾；山脉中的凹处B.C. (缩)公元前be [强bi] aux.v.&vi.是，在，做beach [bi:tʃ] n.海滩，湖滩，河滩beam [bi:m]n.横梁光束船宽bean [bi:n] n.豆，蚕豆bear [bεə] n.熊；粗鲁的人bear vt.容忍；负担；生育bearable ['bεərəbl] a.忍得住可忍受的支持得住的beard [biəd]n.胡须，络腮胡子beast [bi:st] n.兽，野兽；牲畜beat [bi:t] vt.&vi.打，敲；打败beautiful ['bju:tiful] a.美的，美丽的beauty ['bju:ti]n.美，美丽；美人because [bi'kɔz]conj.由于，因为become [bi'kʌm] vi.变成；成为，变得bed [bed]n.床，床位；圃；河床bee [bi:] n.蜂，密蜂；忙碌的人beef [bi:f] n.牛肉；菜牛beer [biə] n.啤酒before [bi'fɔ:] prep.在…以前；onj. 在…以前；beg [beɡ] vt.&vi.乞求；请求beggar ['beɡə]n.乞丐，穷人begin [bɪˈgɪn]vi.开始vt.开始beginner [bi'ɡinə] n.初学者，生手beginning [bi'ɡiniŋ] n.开始，开端；起源behalf [bi'hɑ:f]n.方面利益代表behave [bi'heiv] vi.表现，举止；运转behavior [bi'heivjə]n.行为，举止，态度behind [bi'haind] prep.在什么什么后面being ['bi:ŋ] n.存在；生物；生命belief [bi'li:f] n.信念信仰信任believe [bi'li:v] vt.相信；认为bell [bel] n.钟，铃，门铃；钟声belong [bi'lɔŋ] vi.属于，附属beloved [bi'lʌvid] adj.心爱的；挚爱的n.爱人宠儿below [bi'ləu]prep.在…下面(以下)belt [belt] n.带，腰带；皮带；区bench [bentʃ] n.长凳，条凳；工作台bend [bend]vt.使弯曲vi.弯曲beneath [bi'ni:θ] prep.在•••下adv. 在下方beneficial [,beni'fiʃəl] a.受益的得利的有利的benefit ['benifit] n.利益；恩惠；津贴berry ['beri]n.浆果(如草莓等)beside [bi'said] prep.在…旁边besides [bi'saidz] ad.此外；而且prep.除了best [best] a.最好的；最大的bet [bet] vt.&vi.&n.打赌betray [bi'trei]vt.背叛；辜负；泄漏better [betə] a.较好的ad.更好地between [bi'twi:n] prep.在…中间beyond [bi'jɔnd] prep.之外超出以外adv. 在远处；Bible ['baibl]n.基督教《圣经》bicycle ['baisikl]n.自行车，脚踏车big [biɡ] a.大的，巨大的bike [baik]n.自行车vi.骑自行车bill [bil] n.账单；招贴；票据billion ['biljən]num.万亿(英)bind [baind]vt.捆绑；包扎；装钉biology [bai'ɔlədʒi] n.生物学；生态学bird [bə:d] n.鸟，禽birth [bɑ:θ] n.分娩，出生；出身birthday ['bə:θdei] n.生日，诞生的日期biscuit ['biskit]n.(英)饼干；(美)软饼bit [bit] adj. 很小的；微不足道的bite [bait]vt.咬，叮，螫；剌穿bitter ['bitə] n. 苦味；苦啤酒adj. 苦的；痛苦的bitterly ['bitəli]adv. 苦涩地，悲痛的；残酷地；black [blæk] a.黑色的；黑暗的blackboard ['blækbɔ:d] n.黑板blade [bleid] n.刀刃，刀片；叶片blame ['bleim]vt.责备责怪谴责blank [blæŋk] a.空白的n.空白blanket ['blæŋkit] n.毛毯，毯子，羊毛毯blast [ blæst] n.爆炸，冲击波vt.炸blaze [bleiz] n.火；闪光vi.燃烧bleed [bli:d]vi.出血，流血；泌脂blend [blend]vt.&vi.&n.混和bless [bles] vt.为…祝福blind [blaind] a.瞎的；盲目的block [blɔk] n.街区vt.堵塞，拦阻blood [blʌd] n.血，血液；血统bloom [blu:m] n.花；开花，开花期blossom ['blɔsəm] n.花，开花vi.开花blow [bləu] vi.吹，吹动；吹响blue [blu:] a.蓝色的n.蓝色board [bɔ:d] n.板vt.上(船、车等) boast [bəust] vi.自夸vt.吹嘘boat [bəut]n.小船，艇；渔船body ['bɔdi]n.身体；主体；尸体boil [bɔil] vi.沸腾；汽化vt.煮沸bold [bəuld] .adj. 大胆的，英勇的bolt [bəult] n.螺栓；插销vt.闩门bomb [bɔm]n.炸弹vt.轰炸bond [bɔnd] n. 债券；结合；约定；粘合剂bone [[bəun]]n.骨，骨骼book [buk] n.书，书籍vt.预定boot [bu:t] n.靴子，长统靴booth [bu:ð, bu:θ] n.货摊；公用电话亭border ['bɔ:də] n.边，边缘；边界bore [bɔ:] vt.使厌烦；钻，挖born [bɔ:n] a.天生的；出生的borrow ['bɔrəu] vt.借，借用，借人bosom ['buzəm] n.胸，胸部；内心boss [bɔs]n.老板，上司vt.指挥both [bəuθ] pron. 双方都；两者都bother ['bɔðə]vt.烦扰，迷惑n.麻烦bottle ['bɔtl] n.瓶，酒瓶；一瓶bottom ['bɔtəm] n.底，底部，根基bough [bau]n.树枝bounce [bauns]vi.跳动合并反弹bound [baund] adj. 有义务的v绑定boundary ['baundəri]n.分界线，办界bow [bəu] vt vi. 鞠躬；弯腰n.弓；鞠躬bowl [bəul]n.碗，钵；碗状物box [bɔks] n.箱，盒；包箱box [bɔks]vi.拳击，打拳boy [bɔi] n.男孩，少年；家伙brain [brein] n.脑，脑髓；脑力brake [breik]n.闸，刹车vi.制动branch [ bræntʃ]n.树枝；分部；分科brand [brænd]n. 商标，牌子；烙印brandy ['brændi]n.白兰地酒brass [brɑ:s]n.黄铜；黄铜器brave [breiv] a.勇敢的，华丽的bread [bred] n.面包；食物，粮食breadth [bredθ] n.宽度，幅度；幅面break [breik] vt.打破；损坏；破坏breakfast ['brekfəst]n.早饭，早餐breast [brest]n.乳房；胸脯，胸膛breath [breθ] n.气息，呼吸；气味breathe [bri:ð] vi.呼吸vt.呼吸breed [bri:d] n. [生物] 品种；种类，vt.i 繁殖breeze [bri:z] n.微风，和风brick [brik]n.砖，砖块；砖状物bridge [bridʒ]n.桥，桥梁；桥牌brief [bri:f] a.简短的；短暂的bright [brait] a.ad明亮的；聪明的brighten ['braitən]vt.使发光；使快活brilliant ['briljənt] a.光辉的；卓越的brim [brim] n.边，边缘；帽沿bring [briŋ]vt.带来；引出；促使brisk [brisk] a.活泼的；清新的bristle ['brisl] n.短而硬的毛；鬃毛Britain ['britən]n.不列颠，英国British ['britiʃ] a.不列颠的，英联邦的brittle ['britl] a.脆的；易损坏的broad [brɔ:d] a.宽的，阔的；广泛的broadcast ['brɔ:dkɑ:st]n.广播，播音broken ['brəukən] a.被打碎的，骨折的bronze [brɔnz]n.青铜；青铜制品brood [bru:d] n. 一窝；一伙vt. 孵；沉思brook [bruk]n.小河，溪流broom [bru:m] n.扫帚brother ['brʌðə] n.兄弟；同事，同胞brow [brau] n.额；眉，眉毛brown [braun]n.褐色，棕色bruise [bru:z] n.青肿，伤痕；擦伤brush [brʌʃ] n.刷子，毛刷；画笔brute [bru:t] n.禽兽，畜生bubble ['bʌbl] n.泡vi.冒泡，沸腾bucket ['bʌkit] n.水桶；吊桶；铲斗bud [bʌd] n.芽，萌芽；蓓蕾build [bild]vt.建筑；建立；创立building ['bildiŋ]n.建筑物，大楼；建筑bulb [bʌlb]n.电灯泡；球状物bulk [bʌlk] n.物体，容积，大批bull [bul]n.公牛；雄的象bullet ['bulit]n.枪弹，子弹，弹丸bunch ['bʌntʃ]n. 群；串；bundle ['bʌndl] n.捆，包，束；包袱burden ['bə:dən] n.担子，重担；装载量vt. 使负担；bureau ['bjuərəu]n.局，司，处；社，所burn [bə:n] vi.烧，燃烧n.烧伤burst [bə:st] VIVT n. 爆发，突发；爆炸bury ['beri]vt.埋葬，葬；埋藏bus [bʌs]n.公共汽车bush [buʃ] n.灌木，灌木丛，矮树business ['biznis] n.商业，生意；事务busy ['bizi] a.忙的，繁忙的but [bʌt]conj.但是，可是butcher ['butʃə]n.屠夫；屠杀者butter ['bʌtə] n.黄油；奶油butterfly ['bʌtəflai]n.蝴蝶button ['bʌtən] n.扣子；按钮vt.扣紧buy [bai] vt.买，购买vi.买by [bai] prep.在…旁；被，由通过C (433个)cabbage [['kæbidʒ]]n.洋白菜，卷心菜cabin ['kæbin]n.船舱机舱小屋cabinet ['kæbinit]n.橱柜内阁机箱cable ['keibl]n.缆，索；电缆；电报cafe ['kafeɪ ] n咖啡馆咖啡屋咖啡厅cafeteria [,kæfi'tiəriə] n自助餐厅小餐厅自助食堂cage [keidʒ] n.笼；鸟笼，囚笼cake [keik]n.饼，糕，蛋糕calculate ['kælkjuleit] vt.计算；估计；计划calculation [,kælkju:leiʃən] n.计算，计算结果calculator ['kælkjuleitə]n.计算器，计算者calendar ['kælində]n.日历，历书；历法call [kɔ:l]vt. 呼叫；称呼；召集calm [kɑ:m] a.静的，平静的v使平静camel ['kæməl]n.骆驼camera ['kæmərə]n.照相机，摄影机camp [kæmp] n.野营，营地，兵营campaign [kæm'pein] n.战役；运动campus ['kæmpəs]n.校园，学校场地can [kæn]aux.v.能，会，可能can n.罐头，听头；容器Canada ['kænədə]n.加拿大Canadian [kə'neidiən] a.加拿大的canal [kə'næl] n.管道运河沟渠cancel ['kænsəl] vt.取消，撤消；删去cancer ['kænsə]n.癌，癌症，肿瘤candidate ['kændideit]n.候选人投考者应聘者candle ['kændl] n.蜡烛；烛形物；烛光candy ['kændi] n.糖果；砂糖结晶cannon ['kænən]n.大炮，火炮；榴弹炮canoe [kə'nu:] n.划艇小船赛艇canteen [kæn'ti:n] n. 食堂，小卖部；水壶canvas ['kænvəs] n.粗帆布；一块油画布cap [kæp] n.帽子，便帽；帽状物capable ['keipəbl] a.有能力的，有才能的capacity [kə'pæsəti] n.容量；能力；能量capital ['kæpitəl]n.资本，资金；首都captain ['kæptin]n.陆军上尉；队长captive ['kæptiv] n.俘虏，adj. 被俘虏的；capture ['kæptʃə] vt.捕获，俘获；夺得car [kɑ:]n.汽车，小汽车，轿车carbon ['kɑ:bən] n碳碳纤维碳精棒card [kɑ:d] n.卡，卡片，名片care [kεə]vi.关心，介意n.小心career [kə'riə]n.生涯，职业，经历careful ['kεəful] a.仔细的；细致的careless ['kεəlis] a.粗心的，漫不经心的cargo ['kɑ:ɡəu]n.船货，货物carpenter ['kɑ:pəntə]n.木工，木匠carpet ['kɑ:pit] n.地毯，毡毯，毛毯carriage ['kæridʒ]n.运输车辆carrier ['kæriə]n.运输工具；运载工具carrot ['kærət] n.胡罗卜carry ['kæri] vt.携带；运载；传送cart [kɑ:t] n.二轮运货马车carve [kɑ:v]vt.刻，雕刻；case [keis] n.情况；事实；病例case n.箱(子)，盒(子)，套cash [kæʃ]n.现金，现款cassette [kæ'set]n.盒式录音带；盒子cast [kæst] vt.投，扔，抛；浇铸castle ['kɑ:sl]n.城堡；巨大建筑物casual ['kæʒjuəl] a.临时偶然的休闲cat [kæt] n.猫，猫科，猫皮catalog ['kætəlɔɡ]n.目录，目录册catch [kætʃ] vt.捉住；赶上；领会cathedral [kə'θi:drəl]n.总教堂；大教堂cattle ['kætl] n.牛；牲口，家畜cause [kɔ:z] n.原因，理由；事业cave [keiv]n.山洞，洞穴，窑洞cease [si:s] vi.&vi.&n.停止断绝停息ceiling ['si:liŋ]n.天花板，顶蓬celebrate ['selibreit] vt.庆祝；歌颂，赞美cell [sel]n.细胞；小房间cellar ['selə]n.地窑，地下室cement [si'ment] n.水泥胶水黏结剂cent [sent]n.分；分币；百centigrade ['sentiɡreid] a.百分度的centimetre ['senti,mi:tə] n.公分，厘米central ['sentrəl] a.中心的；主要的centre ['sentə] n.中心顶尖中间century ['sentʃuri]n.世纪，百年ceremony ['seriməuni]n.典礼，仪式；礼节certain ['sə:tən] a.确实的；肯定的certainly ['sə:tənli]ad.一定，必定；当然certainty ['sə:tənti]n确定性必然之势确定certificate [sə'tifikeit] n.证书，证件，执照chain [tʃein]n.链，链条，项圈chair [tʃεə] n.椅子；主席chairman ['tʃεəmən] n.主席；议长，会长chalk [tʃɔ:k] n.白垩；粉笔challenge ['tʃælindʒ] n.挑战；要求vt. 向…挑战chamber ['tʃeimbə]n.会议室；房间；腔champion ['tʃæmpiən] n.冠军，得胜者chance [tʃɑ:ns]n.机会，机遇；可能性change [tʃeindʒ] vi.vt n.改变，变化；零钱channel ['tʃænəl] n.海峡；渠道；频道chapter ['tʃæptə] n.章，回，篇character ['kærəktə] n.性格；特性；角色characteristic [,kærəktə'ristik]a.特有的n.特性charge [tʃɑ:dʒ] vt.收费撞人收税charity ['tʃærəti]n.施舍；慈善事业charm [tʃɑ:m] n. 魅力，吸引力；魔力charming ['tʃɑ:miŋ] a.迷人的，可爱的chart [tʃɑ:t] n.图，图表；海图chase [tʃeis] vi t n.追逐，追赶，追求cheap [tʃi:p] a.廉价的；劣质的cheat [tʃi:t]vt.i欺骗欺诈作弊check [tʃek]vt.检查；制止n.检查cheek [tʃi:k]n.面颊，脸蛋cheer [tʃiə] vt.使振作；欢呼cheerful ['tʃiəful] a.快乐的，愉快的cheese [tʃi:z] n.乳酪，干酪chemical ['kemikəl] a.化学的n.化学制品chemist ['kemist]n.化学家；药剂师chemistry ['kemistri]n.化学cheque [tʃek] n.支票cherry ['tʃeri]n.樱桃；樱桃树chess [tʃes] n.棋；国际象棋chest [tʃest] n.胸腔，胸膛；箱子chew [tʃu:] vt.咀嚼，嚼碎chicken ['tʃikin]n.小鸡，小鸟；鸡肉chief [tʃi:f] a.主要的；首席的child [tʃaild]n.小孩，儿童；儿子childhood ['tʃaildhud]n.童年，幼年；早期childish ['tʃaildiʃ] a.孩子的；幼稚的chill [tʃil] vt.使变冷n.寒冷chimney ['tʃimni]n.烟囱，烟筒；玻璃罩chin [tʃin] n.颏，下巴China ['tʃainə] n.中国china n.瓷器，瓷料Chinese [,tʃai'ni:z] a.中国的n.中国人chocolate ['tʃɔkəlit]n.巧克力；巧克力糖choice [tʃɔis] n.选择，抉择choke [tʃəuk]n阻风门熄火装置vt. 呛vi. 窒息choose [tʃu:z] vt.选择，挑选；情愿chop [[tʃɔp]] vt.砍，劈；切细vi.砍Christian ['kristjən]n.基督教徒；信徒Christmas ['krisməs]n.圣诞节church [tʃə:tʃ] n.教堂，礼拜堂；教会cigarette [,siɡə'ret]n.香烟，纸烟，卷烟cinema ['sinəmə] n.电影院；电影，影片circle ['sə:kl] n.圆，圆周；圈子circuit ['sə:kit] n.电路；环行；巡行circular ['sə:kjulə] a.圆的；循环的circulate ['sə:kjuleit] vt.使循环vi.循环circumference[sə'kʌmfərəns] n.圆周，周长，圆周线circumstance ['sə:kəmstəns] n.环境境况情况citizen ['sitizən]n.公民；市民，居民city ['siti] n.城市，都市civil ['sivəl] a.公民的；民用的civilization [,sivilai'zeiʃən n.文明，文化；开化civilize ['sivilaiz] vt.教育使开化文明化claim [kleim] vt.索赔权项要求clap [klæp]vi.拍手vt.拍，轻拍clarify ['klærifai] vt.澄清，阐明clasp [klɑ:sp]n.扣子，钩子；别针class [klɑ:s n.班，班级；阶级classical ['klæsikəl] a.古典的；经典的classification [/,klæsifi'keiʃən/]n. 分类；类别，等级classify [/'klæsifai/] vt.把…分类classmate ['klɑ:smeit] n.同班同学classroom ['klɑ:srum] n.教室，课堂claw [klɔ:] n.爪，脚爪，螯clay [klei]n.粘土，泥土；肉体clean [kli:n] a.清洁的；纯洁的clear [kliə] a.清晰的vt.清除clearly ['kliəli] ad.明白地，清晰地clerk [klɑ:k]n.店员；办事员，职员clever ['klevə] a.聪明的；机敏的cliff [klif] n.悬崖，峭壁climate ['klaimit] n.气候；风土，地带climb [klaim]vi.攀登，爬vt.爬cloak [kləuk] n.斗篷；覆盖(物)clock [klɔk]n.钟，仪表close [kləuz]vt.关，闭；结束closely ['kləusli] ad.紧紧密切地接近地cloth [klɔθ]n.布；衣料；桌布clothe [kləuð] vt.给…穿衣服clothes [kləuðz] n.衣服，服装；被褥clothing ['kləuðiŋ]n.衣服，被褥cloud [klaud]n.云；云状物；阴影cloudy ['klaudi] a.多云的；云一般的club [klʌb] n.俱乐部，夜总会clue [klu:] n.线索，暗示，提示clumsy ['klʌmzi] a.笨拙的；愚笨的coach [kəutʃ]n.长途公共汽车coal [kəul] n.煤，煤块coarse [kɔ:s] a 粗糙的；粗俗的；下等的coast [kəust] n.海岸，海滨(地区)coat [kəut]n.外套，上衣；表皮cock [kɔk]n.公鸡；雄禽；旋塞code [kəud]n.准则；法典；代码coffee ['kɔfi] n.咖啡，咖啡茶coil [kɔil]n.(一)卷；线圈vt.卷coin [kɔin] n.硬币；铸造(硬币)cold [kəuld] a.冷的；冷淡的n.冷collapse [kə'læps] vi.倒坍；崩溃，瓦解collar ['kɔlə] n.衣领，项圈colleague ['kɔli:ɡ] n.同事，同僚collect [kə'lekt]vt.收集vi.收款collection [kə'lekʃən] n.搜集，收集；收藏品collective [kə'lektiv] a.集体的；集合性的college ['kɔlidʒ]n.学院；大学collision n.碰撞；冲突colonel ['kə:nəl] n.陆军上校；中校colony ['kɔləni]n.殖民地；侨居地color ['kʌlə] n.颜色，彩色；颜料column ['kɔləm]n.柱，支柱，圆柱comb [kəum]n.梳子vt.梳理combination [,kɔmbi'neiʃən]n.结合，联合；合体combine [kəm'bain]vt.使结合；兼有come [kʌm] vi.来，来到；出现comfort ['kʌmfət]n.舒适；安慰vt.安慰comfortable ['kʌmfətəbl] a.舒适的，安慰的command [kə'mɑ:nd]vt.命令，指挥；控制commander [kə'mɑ:ndə] n.司令官，指挥员comment ['kɔment]n.评论，意见；注释commerce ['kɔmə:s]n.商业，贸易；社交commercial [kə'mə:ʃəl] a.商业的；商品化的commission [kə'miʃən] n. 委员会；佣金commit [kə'mit] vt.犯(错误);干(坏事) committee [kə'miti] n.委员会；全体委员common ['kɔmən] a.普通的；共同的commonly ['kɔmənli] ad.普通地，一般地communicate [kə'mju:nikeit] vi.通讯；传达；传播communication [kə,mju:ni'keiʃən] n.通讯；传达；交通communism ['kɔmjunizəm] n.共产主义communist ['kɔmjunist]n.共产党员community [kə'mju:niti]n.社区；社会；公社companion [kəm'pænjən]n.同伴；共事者；伴侣company ['kʌmp(ə)ni] n.公司，商号；同伴comparative [kəm'pærətiv] a.比较的，相对的compare [kəm'pεə]vt.比较，对照；比作comparison [kəm'pærisən] n.比较，对照；比似compass ['kʌmpəs] n.罗盘，指南针；圆规compel [kəm'pel] vt.强迫，迫使屈服compete [kəm'pi:t] vi.比赛；竞争；对抗competent ['kɔmpitənt] a能胜任的有能力的活性的competition [,kɔmpi'tiʃən] n.竞争，比赛compile [kəm'pail] vt.编辑，编制，搜集complain [kəm'plein]vi.抱怨，拆苦；控告complaint [kəm'pleint] n.抱怨；怨言；控告complete [kəm'pli:t] a.完整的；完成的completely [kəm'pli:tli] ad.十分，完全地complex ['kɔmpleks]a. 复杂的；合成的complicate ['kɔmplikeit] vt.使复杂；使陷入complicated ['kɔmplikeitid]a 难懂的，复杂的component [kəm'pəunənt]n.零件组件成分compose [kəm'pəuz]vt.组成，构成；创作composition [,kɔmpə'ziʃən] n.构成；作品；写作compound ['kɔmpaund】n.化合物；复合词comprehension [,kɔmpri'henʃən]n.理解，理解力；领悟comprehensive [,kɔmpri'hensiv] a全面的广泛的compress [kəm'pres】vt.压紧，压缩comprise [kəm'praiz]vt.包含，包括；构成compromise ['kɔmprəmaiz] n.妥协，和解compute [kəm'pju:t]vt.计算，估计，估算computer [kəm'pju:tə]n.计算机，电脑comrade ['kɔmrid]n.同志，亲密的同伴conceal [kən'si:l] vt.把…隐藏起来concentrate ['kɔnsəntreit] vt.集中；聚集；浓缩concentration [,kɔnsən'treiʃən]n.集中；专注；浓缩concept ['kɔnsept] n. 观念，概念concern [kən'sə:n] n.关心，挂念；关系concerning [kən'sə:niŋ]prep.关于concert [kən'sə:t ] n.音乐会，演奏会conclude [kən'klu:d] vt.推断结论结束conclusion [kən'klu:ʒən]n.结论，推论；结尾concrete [kən'kri:t ] n.混凝土；具体物condemn [kən'dem] vt.谴责，指责；判刑condense [kən'dens] vt.压缩，使缩短condition [kən'diʃən]n.状况，状态；环境conduct ['kɔndʌkt]n.处理经营行为conductor [kən'dʌktə] n.导体；售票员；领导者；管理人conference n.会议公会商讨confess [kən'fes] vt.供认，承认；坦白confidence ['kɔnfidəns] n.信任；信赖；信心confident ['kɔnfidənt]adj. 自信的；确信的confine [kən'fain]vt.限制；禁闭confirm [kən'fə:m] vt.证实，肯定；批准conflict [kən'flikt]n.争论；冲突；vi. 冲突confuse [kən'fju:z]vt.使混乱，混淆confusion [kən'fju:ʒən] n.混乱；骚乱；混淆congratulate [kən'ɡrætʃu,leit] vt.祝贺，向…道喜congratulation [kən,ɡrætʃu'leiʃən]n.祝贺；祝贺词congress ['kɔŋɡres]n.大会；国会，议会conjunction [kən'dʒʌŋkʃən]n.接合，连接；连接词connect [kə'nekt]vt.连接，连结；联系connection [kə'nekʃən] n.连接，联系；连贯性conquer ['kɔŋkə] vt.征服，战胜；破除conquest ['kɔŋkwest] n. 征服，战胜；战利品conscience ['kɔnʃəns] n.良心，道德心conscious ['kɔnʃəs] a.意识到的；有意的consciousness ['kɔnʃəsnis] n.意识，觉悟；知觉consent [kən'sent] n.同意，赞成vi.同意consequence ['kɔnsi,kwəns] n.结果，后果consequently ['kɔnsi,kwəntli] ad.因此，因而，所以conservation [,kɔnsə'veiʃən]n. 保存，保持；保护conservative [kən'sə:vətiv] a.保守的n.保守派consider [kən'sidə]vt.认为；考虑；关心considerable [kən'sidərəbl] a.相当大的；重要的considerate [kən'sidərit] a.考虑周到的；体谅的consideration [kən,sidə'reiʃən]n.考虑，思考；体贴consist [kən'sist]vi.由…组成；在于consistent [kən'sistənt] a.坚持的，一贯的constant ['kɔnstənt] adj. 不变的；恒定的；经常的constitution [,kɔnsti'tju:ʃən] n.结构宪法学章程construct [kən'strʌkt]vt.建造；建设；构筑construction [kən'strʌkʃən]n.建造；建筑；建筑物consult [kɔn'sʌlt vt.请教，查阅consume [kən'sju:m] vt.消耗，消费；消灭consumption [kən'sʌmpʃən]n.消耗量；消耗contact ['kɔntækt]vt.使接触；与…联系contain [kən'tein] vt.包含，容纳；等于container [kən'teinə] n.容器；集装箱contemporary [kən'tempərəri] a.当代的，同时代的contempt [kən'tempt] n. 轻视，蔑视；耻辱content ['kɔntent]n内容含量content a.满意的，满足的contest ['kɔntest]vt.比赛争斗竞赛continent ['kɔntinənt] n.大陆；陆地；洲continual [kən'tinjuəl]adj. 持续不断的；频繁的continue [kən'tinju:] vt.继续，连续；延伸continuous a.连续不断的，持续的contract ['kɔntrækt n.契约，合同；婚约contradiction [,kɔntrə'dikʃən]n. 矛盾；否认；反驳contrary ['kɔntrəri] a.相反的n.相反contrast [kən'trɑ:st]v n.对比，对照，悬殊contribute [kən'tribju:t]vt.捐献，捐助；投稿control [kən'trəul]vt.控制，克制n.控制convenience [kən'vi:njəns]n.便利，方便；厕所convenient [kən'vi:njənt] a.便利的；近便的convention [kən'venʃən]n.会议惯例习俗conventional [kən'venʃənəl] a.普通的；习惯的conversation [,kɔnvə'seiʃən] n.会话，非正式会谈conversely ['kɔnvə:sli] ad.相反地conversion [kən'və:ʃən] n.转变，转化；改变convert [kən'və:t]vt.使转变；使改变convey [kən'vei]vt.传送；运送；传播convince [kən'vins]vt.使确信，使信服。

工艺用专用英语(中英对照)

工艺英语（中英文）项目建议1.项目建议概况资格qualification预备资格prequalification商务条款与条件commercial terms and condition 商务commercial技术technical技术说明technical specification建议书proposal book资料费information price估价estimated price报价quoted price报价书quotation2报价资料工艺说明process descri ption工艺特点process feature经验记载experience record工艺特性process performance设备表equipment list说明规定规格specification简要说明short specification条件图sketch drawing流程图flow diagram平衡图balance diagram方框图block diagramP&I 图P&I diagram单线图single line diagram布置图layout平面布置图plot plan总图general plot plan附件appendix资料文件document3.合同技术用语保证guarantee性能保证performance guarantee 时间保证time guarantee交货保证delivery guarantee建造保证workmanship guarantee 生产能力capacity质量quality消耗量consumption原材料feedstock原料raw material辅助原料sub-raw material产品product付产品by-product中间产品intermediate公用工程utility燃料fuel化学品chemical界区battery limit(界区)进料incoming(界区)出料outgoing界区条件battery limits condition (配管图)分界区match line工厂装置plant设备equipment关键设备critical equipment专利设备proprietary equipment有位号设备itemized equipment无位号设备non-itemized equipment散装材料bulk material施工材料material of construction仪表instrument备品备件spare part建筑工具construction aid(现场)居住设施accommodation现场派遣expatriate运转率on stream factor运转天数stream day系列train日历日calendar day日历月calendar month机械(试车)完工mechanical completion 试车trial operation初次试车initial operation开车start up注油oil in投料fees in首次出料first drop保证试运转guarantee test run装置验收plant acceptance移交turnover议定书protocol4估算估算estimate概算budgetary estimate推算slide幂指数power term(费用)分类,分项价格breakdown 外汇foreign currency当地货币local currency可兑换货币convertible currency 专利费license fee专利权税royalty变动专利权税running royalty专有技术费know-how fee基础设计费basic engineering fee 代理费agent fee手续费commission不可预见费contingency外汇风险exchange risk易货补偿compensation直接费用direct cost间接费用indirect cost项目管理费project expense现场管理费field expense一般管理费overhead利润profit生活费living expense出勤津贴daily allowance(出差)准备费outfit allowance劳务费labor cost基本工资base wage补偿费payroll burden福利费fringe benefit5可行性研究可行性feasibility现场选定site selection(现场)位置location市场marketing可获利润率profitability生产成本production cost经营费operation cost可变成本variable cost不变成本fixed cost总投资total capital cost折旧费depreciation现金流量cash flow折现现金流量discount cash flow工况研究case study产权资本,自有资金equity建设资本利息interest during construction6业务范围现场勘测site survey工艺设计process design基础设计basic engineering基础设计包basic design package详细设计detail engineering采购procurement海运ocean transportation陆运inland transportation安装erection work土建工作civil work施工construction work临时工作temporary work投料试车commissioning培训training(现场)指导supervisory service 顾问advisor service初步设计preliminary project最终设计final project基础设施infrastructure上部结构superstructure软件software硬件hardware7工厂分类与设计处女地工厂grass root plant总厂integral plant分厂single plant成套装置package plant翻版(设计)厂copy plant生产厂commercial plant中试工厂pilot plant实验室规模装置bench scale unit 石化总厂petrochemical complex 下游(厂) downstream(工业)放大scale-up扩建expansion改建、更改modification镜象布置mirror image设计余量over design降负荷运转turndown消除瓶颈Debottlenecking工厂模型plant model8设备工艺装置process plant装置区内on site装置区外off site界区内inside battery limit界区外outside battery limit公用工程设施utility facility贮存设施storage facility辅助设施auxiliary facility衔接interconnection主变电所main substation发电设施power generation facility事故发电设备emergency power generation facility 水处理装置water treatment facility冷却塔cooling tower抽水设施water intake facility海水淡化装置desalination facility蒸汽发生装置steam generation facility仪表空气发生装置instrument gas generation facility 惰性气发生装置inert gas generation facility空分装置air separation facility罐区tank yard散装贮藏设备bulk storage facility包装机械bagging facility制袋设备bag making facility装瓶设备bottling facility装货设施loading facility卸货设施unloading facility铁路侧线railway siding栈桥jetty行政办公楼administration building维修车间maintenance shop中央化验室central laboratory内部通用设施intercommunication facility 广播系统public address system询呼设施paging facility消防设施fire fighting facility安全器具safety equipment生活设施colony公用设施town-shop娱乐设施recreation facility9相关企业承包商contractor主承包商prime contractor分包商subcontractor直接雇佣direct hire专利商licenser转专利者sub-licenser专利使用者licensee专利拥有者patent-owner竞争者competitor国际财团consortium合作者collaborator买方(1)buyer(2)purchaser卖方seller厂商vendor制造商(1)maker(2)manufacture业主owner顾问consultant技术顾问Technical adviser用户User最终用户End user客户(1)customer(2)client代理商agent挂名人dummy2. 投标合同2.1 投标概况询价inquiry报价估价书quotation estimation投标投标书bid tender投标资料bid document预审pre-qualification意向书letter of intent2.2合同用语协议agreement合同契约contract注销cancellation约定Consideration合同转让Assignment of contract不可抗力force majeure仲裁attribution基本法governing law秘密条款(1)secrecy clause(2)non-disclosure clause 预定损坏赔偿费liquidated damages总赔偿额度total liability连带(债务) joint and several预先债权lien免除waiver保证guaranty担保warranty赔偿indemnity定义definition增额escalation罚款penalty支付条款terms of payment税金tax and duties侵犯专利patent infringement最高限额ceiling委任书power of attorney保证金bond2.3合同形式投标合同competitive bid contract议付合同negotiated contractFOB合同fob-type contract成套承包合同(1)turnkey contract (交钥匙合同) (2)chef montage contract 总付合同lump sum price contract单价契约unit price contract正价加附加费合同cost plus fee contract预投标协议pre-bid agreement产品抵债products sharing互购交易counter-purchase transaction3. 支付金融财务3.1支付金融支付条款支付条件payment terms延期付款deferred payments存留款项保留资金retention payment定期付款schedule payment施工分期付款progressive payment付款交单D/P documents against payment承兑交单调D/A documents against acceptance信贷信用credit卖方信贷供应商信贷supplier’s credit买方信贷buyer’s credit银行借贷bank loan财政金融finance借款借贷loan偿还reimburse reimbursement保证书letter of guarantee信用证信贷书letter of credit外汇兑换率exchange rate兑换单汇款单据documentary bill of exchange 汇款汇兑基金remittance3.2财务自然增长基数accrual basis资产负债表决算表balance sheet损益报表P&L profit and loss statement4.采购运输保险4.1进出口手续出口许可证export license出口许可证变更E/L amendCOCOM coordinating committee标准结算方法standard payment非标准结算方法non-standard paymentDBC draw back cargo(dbc)出口申报银行export declaration bank e/d进口申报单export declaration custom进口许可证import license保税区域bonded area关税import duty原产地说明书certificate of origin发票Invoice4.2运输装箱单packing list提单bill of lading (B/L)指示提单order B/L直接提单straight B/L装运提单shipped B/L, on board B/L备运提单received B/L不附带条件的提单clean B/L不洁提单dirty B/L, foul B/L直运提单direct B/L联运提单through B/L船上收货单mate’s receipt装货通知单shipping order (S/O)交货单delivery order (D/O)空运货单airway bill海上运费ocean freight海上运费同盟freight conference目的地付费freight payable at destination码头人工搬运费stevedorage空载运费dead freight船到港预定时间expected time of arrival (ETA)船离港预定时间expected time of departure (ETD) 海关快速发货custom quick despatch (CQD)滞船费demurrage码头搬运商stevedore超尺寸运输over-dimension cargo (ODC)4.3保险海上保险marine cargo insurance现场指导失误保险supervisor’s risk insurance4.4贸易条件出厂价(1)ex works(2)ex factory(3)ex mill海上交货fob-named port of shipment含保险海上交货cif-named port of destination国境交货条件franco frontier4.5采购采购procurement厂家vendor厂家一览表vendor list市场价market price黑市价dark price现价up-to-date price level报价quotation偏差表deviation list到货时间time of delivery支付方式(1)terms of payment(2)payment condition(3)payment terms 延缓支付deferred payment现金支付cash on delivery预先支付down payment发货前支付advance payment到货后支付progress payment计划支付scheduled payment购买条件terms and conditions of purchase折价discount谈判交涉negotiation澄清clarification购买意向intent to purchase比较表tabulation评语evaluation价格分析value analysis定购单purchase order变更定购单change order支付方式method of payment现金cash支票check期票promissory note催货expediting跟踪系统follow-up system4.6包装包装packing防锈包装rust-proof packing防潮湿包装moisture-proof packing 防水包装water-proof packing软包装shrink packing木箱wooden box板条箱crate滑橇底座skid base框架箱framed box码垛盘pallet侧板side plate吊具sling fitting花篮螺栓turnbuckle钢带steel strapping角保护袋edge protector closure plate 防护角corner protector板board合板plywood缓冲材料cushioning material通气孔盖ventilation cover超载superimposed load开包unpacking船上标志shipping mark注意标志care mark5.项目执行及费用管理5.1项目执行总图会议kick-off meeting项目研究会议project study meeting 开工会议launching meeting项目报告project reporting审查会议screening meeting进展报告progress report协调过程coordination procedure变更指示change order认可approval复阅review5.2工程项目完工报告job close-out report项目执行报告job performance report完工汇编close-out book反馈系统feed back system项目设计条件project design information会签inter-department check工程设计engineering design工艺条件确认engineering review工艺条件校核engineering checking项目完成指标审核表project performance check sheet 施工版approved for construction (afc)设计变更error report技术文件technical data book管道材料工艺条件process data for piping material载荷条件loading data关键路径法critical path method关键路径进度表critical path schedulingPERT program evaluation and review technique 5.3费用及工时管理工程预算project control budget工时man-hour (M/H)工日man-day (M/D)人月man-month (M/N)考勤表time sheet工作号work number项目号job number预期项目号proposal number改进工作improvement work闲滞idle工时报告man-hour report项目工时汇总job man-hour performance report 5.4费用分类费用分类code of account主账major account分账sub-account设备位号item number5.5组织指定assign借调on-loan项目成员project number项目经理project manager (PM)项目经理助理assistant project manager (APM)施工经理construction manager (CM)开工经理operation manager (OM)现场指挥field manger项目前期经理proposal manager估算员estimator原始采购员originator协调员coordinator项目设计协调员project design coordinator (PDC)6.标准化资料管理法规规格6.1标准化标准化standardization标准规格standard工程规定engineer specification项目特殊要求specific job requirement工程手册engineering manual标准图standard drawing工程用表格engineering form法规law and regulation法律law6.2资料管理情报管理information and documentation信息中心information center调研(追述) retrospective searching信息选择服务selective dissemination of information 情报跟踪current awareness检索效率retrieval efficiency资料documents原文献primary sources文献摘抄secondary sources连载刊物serials定期刊物periodieals(学会)纪要memoirs会报transactions会议论文conference paper会议记录proceedings索引期刊index journal文摘期刊abstract journal情报摘要information abstract提示文稿indicative abstract图书目录book catalog标题目录title catalog总目录union catalog标准目录standard catalog关键词keyword省略词stopwordKWIC索引keyword-in-context indexKWOC索引keyword-out-of-context index顺序索引permuted index相关索引coordinate index主题分析subject analysis统计分类statistical classification国际十进分类法universal decimal classification 阅读卡片visible card书卡book card档案系统filing system微缩复制microcopy微缩系统micro-system穿孔卡夹aperture card微缩胶片fiche film6.3法规高压气体取缔法high pressure gas control law消防法fire service law劳动安全卫生法industry safety and health law建筑基本法building standard law单位制system of units国际单位制international system of units系统图、设备布置图、配管图及材料统计7 图纸、条件表工艺流程图Process flow diagram(PFD)管道仪表流程图Process piping & instrument flow diagram(PID) 公用工程流程图Utility balance diagram(UFD)框图Block flow diagram公用工程介质平衡图Utility balance diagram(UBD)平面布置图Plot plan立面布置图General arrangement总图General plot plan规划图Planning drawing管道研究图Piping study drawing管道布置图（配管图）Piping arrangement drawing分区图Key plan管道走向研究图Piping routing study drawing地下管道图Underground piping drawing管道特殊管件图Piping special parts drawing管架详图Piping hanging drawing预制图Prefabrication drawing参考图Reference drawing通用图Typical drawing制造厂图Vendor’s drawing管道轴测图Isometric piping drawing竣工图As-built drawing模型Model管线表Line schedule计算书Calculation sheet图纸目录Drawing schedule发图阶段Issue stage版次Revision number编号体系Numbering system比例Scale工厂北向Plant north海平面标高Over-sea mean level(OSL)标高Elevation(EL)已有钢结构Existing structure装货区Loading area公用工程站Utility station柱号Column number净空headroom通道Access way小通道Cat way钢结构顶部标高Top of structure elevation 管底标高Bottom of piping elevation主管口径Run size顶平偏心异径管Eccentric reducer top flat 中心到面的距离Center to face工作点标高Working point elevation管架标注Hanging marking冷拉Cold spring管线记号Line symbol管线接口Line connection物流号Stream NO.管线号Line NO.管道等级号(1) class designation(2) spec designation 阀门号Valve NO.等级分界Specification break重要管道Critical piping总管Header pipe仪表管道Instrument piping排放管道Blowdown piping火炬气管道Flare piping输送管线Transfer line入口管线Suction line排水管Effluent line旁通管Bypass line吹扫系统Purge system放空接口Vent connection软管接口Hose connection双切断阀及排放阀Double block and bleeder污水沟Sewer ditch冷凝液池Condensate pit积水坑Sump box漏斗Drip funnel管段Spool piece垫环Space ring限流孔板Restriction orifice流量喷嘴Flow nozzle液体混合用三通Mixing tee喷头Spray nozzle粗滤器Strainer临时粗滤器Temporary strainer疏水阀Steam trap爆破膜Rupture disk蒸汽伴热管道Steam-traced piping 夹套管道Jacketed piping地下管道Underground piping管道要素钢管Steel pipe螺纹端管Threaded pipe法兰端管Flanged pipe锻制的Swage光滑弯管Smooth bendU型弯管U-bend弯管Bending pipe波纹管膨胀节Expansion bellows 柔性管Flexible pipe管件接头Pipe fitting joint机械连接Mechanical joint活套连接Lapped joint环行垫连接Ring type joint扩口接头Flare type joint非扩口接头Flareless type joint承插连接Bell and spigot Victaulic 接头Victaulic joint弯头Elbow异径管Reducer管接头Coupling活接头Union短管Nipple法兰Flange配对法兰Companion flange法兰盖Blind flange异径法兰Reducing flange八字盲板(1) spectacle blind(2) reversible blind 平板式法兰Plate flange带颈法兰Hubbed flange对焊法兰Welding flange松套法兰Loose flange管端突缘Stub end法兰面Flange face垫片沟槽Gasket groove满平面Full face突面Raised face大准槽面Large tongue and groove face双凹凸面Double male & female face大凹凸面Large male & female face金属垫片Metallic gasket非金属垫片Non-metallic gasketO型环Semi-metallic gasket透视垫O-ring对焊Lens ring承插焊接Butt weld滑套焊接Socket weld焊接支管台Slip-on weld插入环Insert ring材料表Bill of material材料统计Take-off管段表Line bill of material估算汇总表Estimation summary sheet备品备件表Spare parts list报价单Quotation sheet订货表Purchase order schedule材料汇总表Bill of material summary状态报告Status report分布报告Distribution report价格、重量一览表Cost & weight summary 价格、重量汇总表Cost & weight total定货管理表Order control管道材料管理表Piping material control sheet 元件代码Item code标记号Tag number标准形态Standard shape轴测图Isometric drawing管线号Line reference批号Batch reference管子下料表Piping cutting list制作件表Fabrication parts list组装件表Erection part list固定架Anchor滑动架Resting support导向架Guide限位架Directional stop减振架Dampener管托Shoe保冷管托cradle鞍座Saddle耳轴Trunnion吊架Hanger刚性吊架Rigid hanger弹簧吊架Spring hanger恒力吊架Constant hanger阀门Valve截止阀Globe valve闸阀Gate valve针行阀Needle valve球阀Ball valve止回阀Check valve隔膜阀Diaphragm valve三通阀Three-way valve角阀Angle valve蝶阀Butterfly valve旋塞阀Cock伸长杆操作Extension stem-operation 链操作Chain-operated齿轮操作Gear-operated扳手操作Wrench-operated电动操作Motor-operated阀芯Trim阀盖Bonnet焊接支管Weld branch偏置Offset焊缝根部间隙Weld root gap现场调整后再下料和焊接Cut and weld after adjusting 坡度Slope工作点Working point管架说明Notes for piping hanging部门间校核版Interdepartmental check print平端Plain end坡口端Beveled管道联接图Piping hook-up drawing管道图说明Notes for piping drawing标题栏Title block询价单Piping requisition sheet8 配管及一般设备设计8.1 保温、保冷绝热Insulation设备绝热表Equipment insulation schedule绝热符号Insulation code保温设计Design of cold insulation正常操作所用的保温Insulation for stable operating人身防护Personnel protection防火层Fire-proofing防结露Anti-sweat防冻Winterizing防音Sound protection保温材料Hot insulation material保冷材料Cold insulation material石棉asbestos硅藻土Diatomaceous earth岩棉Rock wool玻璃棉Glass wool碳酸镁Magnesium carbonate硅酸铝Calcium silicate珍珠岩Perlite软木板Cork boards毛毡Hair felt泡沫聚氨酯Foam polystyrene硬泡沫氨基甲酸乙酯Rigid foam urethane 硬泡沫橡胶Rigid foam rubber玛碲脂Mastic耐磨损材料Anti-abrasion coating material 管壳Lagging cloth铁丝网Hexagonal wire netting填缝材料Caulking material保护层(1) jacketing sheet(2) cover sheet 波纹铝板Corrugated aluminum sheet有色镀锌钢板Precoated galvanized sheet 搭板Butt strapZ型接头Z-joint防腐、涂漆色标Colour-code孟塞尔色系Munsell notation管道识别色Identification of piping system 防腐层External coating油漆Paint清漆Varnish防腐漆(1) anti-corrosive paint(2) rush-proof paint含铝漆Aluminum paint底漆Primer耐酸漆Acid-proof paint耐碱漆Alkali-proof paint耐热漆Heat-resisting paint测温漆Thermo-paint绝缘漆Insulating varnish表面处理Surface preparation涂漆painting阴极保护Cathodic protection振动解析机械振动Mechanical vibration自由振动Free vibration强制振动Forced vibration自励振动Self-excited vibration固有频率Natural frequency固有周期Natural period波谷Loop波峰Node正弦振动Sinusoidal oscillation非线性振动Non-linear oscillation阻尼振动Damped vibration临界阻尼Critical damping衰减系数(1) attenuation(2) decay coefficient(3) decay factor共振Resonance扭曲振动Torsional vibration挠性振动Flexural vibration极限速度Critical speed固有值Characteristic value临界条件Boundary condition弹簧系数Spring constant惯性矩Moment of inertia回转半径Radius of gyration振动吸收装置Dynamic vibration absorber液压减振器Hydraulic damper弹簧减振器(1) spring dampener(2) spring damper 油压锁定Oil lock耐振设计固有振动方式Natural frequency mode卓越周期Predominant period基本周期First natural frequency横波Transverse wave纵波Longitudinal wave相对位移Relative displacement质量比Mass ratio静解析法Static method修正静解析法Corrected static method动解析法Modal analysis时历响应解析法Time history response analysis设计响应光谱Design response spectrum加速响应光谱Acceleration response spectrum地板响应光谱Floor response spectrum标准响应光谱Standard response spectrum加速响应增幅比Acceleration response amplitude ratio 刚性结构Rigid structure柔性结构Flexible structure长周期结构Long-period structure刚性框架Rahmen rigid frame地震波Earthquake accelerogram位移量记录Displacement record设计地震Design earthquake设计震度Design seismic coefficient地震Earthquake震源距离Distance to centrum震中距离Distance to epicenter震级Magnitude地震波显示仪Seismoscope地震仪Seismograph耐震等级Seismic class基岩Base rock应力分析外力External force内力Internal force反作用力Reaction force力偶Couple of force弯矩Bending moment扭矩Twist moment应力Stress弯曲应力Bending stress扭曲应力Torsional stress圆周应力Hoop stress峰值应力Peak stress一次应力Primary stress二次应力Secondary stress轴向应力Axial stress重复应力Repeated stress脉动应力Pulsating stress交变应力Alternating stress应变Strain应变能Strain energy主应力Principal stress主应力理论Principal stress theory最大剪切应力理论Maximum shearing stress theory 残余应力Residual stress热应力Thermal stress热破坏Thermal shock疲劳Fatigue疲劳曲线S-N diagram疲劳极限(1) fatigue limit(2) endurance limit腐蚀疲劳Corrosion fatigue蠕变Creep蠕变疲劳Creep fatigue尺寸效应Size effect应力集中系数Coefficient of stress concentration形状系数Shape coefficient缺口系数Notch factor应力强度系数Stress intensity factor几何惯性矩Geometrical moment of inertia断面系数Modulus of section断面极惯性矩Polar moment of inertia of area 杨氏模量Young’s modulus横向弹性系数Modulus of transverse elasticity 体积弹性系数Modulus of volumetric elasticity 泊松比Poissor’s ratio弹性极限Elastic limit屈服点Yield point拉伸强度Tensile strength伸长Elongation永久变形Permanent set弹性Flexibility弹性分析Elastic analysis弹性屈服Elastic buckling塑性Plasticity塑变滞后Plasticity hysteresis极限分析Limit analysis弹塑性分析Elastic-plastic analysis疲劳分析Fatigue analysis有限元法Finite element method静荷载Dead load流体流动水锤Water hammer急关Rapid closure缓关Slow closure冲击波Shock closure液压振动Acoustic vibration of liquid flow脉动Pulsation flow两相流Two-phase flow气压振动Acoustic vibration卡门涡街Karman eddies颤动Fluttering气蚀cavitation噪音噪音(1) noise(2) undesired sound听力范围Auditory sensation area掩蔽Masking背景噪音Background noise声强Sound intensity声压Sound pressure声压值Sound pressure level噪声值(1) noise level (2) sound level 噪声计Sound level meter听觉校正回路Weighting network音平Soundness level音能Sound power音能值Sound power level总体值Overall level90%范围90% range中间值MedianNR数Noise rating number频率分析器Frequency analyzer倍频器Octave band1/3的倍频带1/3 octave band波段值Band level音场Sound field方向性Directivity方向系数Directivity factor衍射Diffraction声源Sound source房间常数Room constant吸音率Sound absorption coefficient穿透率Transmission coefficient穿透损失Transmission loss质量原理Mass law设计条件操作压力Operating pressure最高操作压力Maximum operating pressure操作温度Operating temperature最高操作温度Maximum operating temperature 温度基准Base temperature腐蚀裕度Corrosion allowance许容应力Allowable stress安全系数Safety factor地理条件Geological conditions9. 塔、槽、换热器、加热炉9.1图面用语设备表vessel schedule工程图engineering drawing管口表(1)nozzle chart (2)nozzle schedule 管口方位nozzle orientation予焊件图clip schedule切线tangent line(TL)焊缝线weld line(WL)参照线working line(WL)基准线base line9.2容器容器vessel塔tower自支承塔self-supported tower板式塔tray tower填料塔packed tower喷淋塔spray tower槽、罐drum贮罐tank球罐(1)spherical tank (2)ball tank浮顶罐floating roof tank锥顶罐cone roof tank拱顶罐dome roof tank双壁罐double wall tank湿式气柜wet gas holder干式气柜dry gas holder料仓(1)silo (2)bin料斗hopper内件internals塔盘tray泡罩塔盘bubble cap tray筛板塔盘perforated tray浮阀塔盘valve tray单流向式塔盘uni-flux tray 波纹塔盘ripple tray塔盘板deck溢流堰weir降液管downcomer密封槽seal pot取液槽draw-off pot密封盘seal pan塔盘支承环tray support ring 鲍尔环Pall ring泪孔weep hole填料packing拉希环Rasching ring矩鞍形填料intalox saddle 分布器distributor除沫器demister进料挡板feed deflecter防涡流挡板vortex breaker 内筒cartridge9.4主要附属品变颈段reducing section封头head椭圆形封头ellipsoidal head碟形封头(1)dished head (2)torispherical head 半球形封头hemispherical head椎形封头conical head平封头flat head加强圈reinforcing ring夹套jacket人孔manhole手孔hand hole检查孔inspection hole接管nozzle凸缘pad nozzle锻制接管forged nozzle补强板reinforcing pad信号孔tell-tale hole容器支座vessel support裙座skirt支腿leg支耳support lug底座base block基础环base ring筋板gusset plate压环compression ring鞍座saddle模板template通道acess opening套管pipe sleeve连结板lug予焊件clip接地板earth lug吊耳lifting lug平台platform梯子ladder保温支承insulation support吊柱davit人孔绞链manhole hinge放空口vent nozzle呼吸阀breather valve计量口gauge hatch9.5换热器换热器heat exchanger换热面积heat transfer area总传热系数overall heat transfer coefficient境膜传热系数film coefficient对数平均温差logarithmic mean temperature difference(LMTD) 平均温差mean temperature difference(MTD)污垢系数fouling factor布管图tube arrangement三角形排列triangular arrangement转角三角形排列rotated triangular arrangement正方形排列square arrangement转角正方形排列rotated square arrangement最大布管图outside tube limit管壳式换热器sheet and tube heat exchanger固定管板式换热器fixed tube sheet heat exchanger 浮头式换热器floating head type heat exchangerU形管式换热器U-tube type heat exchanger釜式换热器kettle type heat exchanger套管式换热器double tube type heat exchanger冲洗式冷却器irrigation cooler蛇管式换热器coil type heat exchanger插管式换热器bayonet type heat exchanger板式换热器plate type heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral heat exchanger夹套式换热器jacket type heat exchanger石墨换热器graphite heat exchanger空冷式换热器air-cooled heat exchanger换热管tube折流板baffle plate管箱channel分程隔板pass partition plate浮头floating head防冲挡板impingement baffle管束tube bundle管板tube sheet管子与管板的连接tube-to-tube sheet joint管接头ferrule9.6加热炉加热炉direct-fired heater热负荷(1)heat duty (2)heat release热损失heat loss加热炉效率efficiency of heater热流率heat flux管壁温度tube skin temperature体积热负荷volumetric heat release辐射段radiant section对流段convection section屏蔽段shield section坝墙bridge wall暴露墙exposed wall屏蔽墙shielded wall管支承tube support炉管(1)heater tube (2)furnace tube扩大表面管extended surface tube联箱(1)header (2)header box回弯头return bend管群间连接管crossover通风draft烟道flue（烟道）挡板damper烟囱stack烧嘴burner过量空气excess air风箱wind box观察孔(1)observation door (2)peep door 检修孔access door防爆门explosion door吹灰器soot blower油漆清车导轨painter trolley陶瓷纤维ceramic fiber耐火砖fire brick保温耐火砖insulation fire brick保温板insulation board可铸耐火材料castable衬里支撑linking anchor、炉壁横梁lintel膨胀节expansion joint10. 转动机械10.1转动机械轴shaft轴承bearing轴承箱bearing housing联轴节shaft coupling滑轮pulleyV形皮带（三角皮带）V-belt转动设备turning equipment润滑lubrication润滑油(1) lubricating oil (2)lube oil 密封seal轴封shaft seal填料函packing填料箱stuffing box油膜密封oil film seal油封seal oil机械密封mechanical seal齿轮gear曲轴crankshaft连杆connecting rod十字头crosshead气缸cylinder缸套cylinder liner气缸阀cylinder value活塞piston金属填料metallic packing予埋板soleplate基座baseplate柱塞plunger箱体（壳体）casing转子rotor平衡活塞balance piston迷宫密封labyrinth叶轮impeller轴套sleeve耐磨环wearing ring灯笼环(1)latern ring (2)seal cage10.2转动机械性能轴动力(1)shaft power (2)brake horsepower 额定制动马力rated brake horsepower齿轮传动损失gear loss机械效率mechanical efficiency机械损失mechanical loss额定转数rated speed最大连续转数maximum continuous speed 旋转油膜oil whirl临界速度critical speed顺时针clockwise转矩torque起动转矩starting torque性能performance特性characteristics压头head液压功率hydraulic horsepower活塞位移piston displacement体积效率volumetric efficiency显示图indicator diagram压力脉冲率pressure pulsation ratio10.3泵泵pump泵效率pump efficiency气蚀cavitation气蚀系数cavitation coefficient净正吸入压头net positive suction head离心泵centrifugal pump混流泵（斜流泵）mixed-flow pump轴流泵axial pump容量泵displacement type pump往复泵（活塞泵）reciprocating pump旋转泵rotary pump再生泵regenerative pump底阀foot valve10.4压缩机，风机等压缩机compressor压缩机效率compressor efficiency往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor间隙容积clearance volumn隙囊clearance pocket减压器unloader离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor轴面压缩机axial compressor涡轮压缩机turbocompressor鼓风机blower风机fan涡轮式鼓风机turboblower涡轮风机turbofan多叶片风机multi-blade fan旋桨式风机propeller fan罗茨鼓风机(1)roots blower (2)two-lobe blower 螺杆式压缩机screw compressor湍振surging中间冷却器intercooler后冷却器（二次冷却器）aftercooler缓冲器snubber10.5透平透平turbine冲动式透平impulse turbine反作用式透平reaction turbine凝汽式透平condensing turbine抽气式透平extraction turbine背压式透平back pressure turbine透平效率turbine efficiency调速器governor速度范围speed range速度调节阀speed governing valve 应急调速器emergency governor跳闸速度（应急速度限）trip speed 应急阀trip valve操纵阀sentinel valve10.6冷冻机冷冻机refrigerator制冷剂refrigerant。

equipment的近义词常用短语

equipment的近义词常用短语equipment有设备，装备;器材等意思，那么你知道equipment 的近义词都有哪些呢?equipment的常用短语都有哪些?下面店铺为大家带来equipment的近义词辨析及常用短语，欢迎大家学习! equipment近义词apparatus, instrument, device, equipment, tool, implement, installation, appliance, facilitiesequipment近义词辨析这些名词均有"仪器，设备，器械，器具"之意。

apparatus 既可指某种具体的由许多不同零件构成的复杂的仪器、装置或器械，又可指它们的总称。

instrument 通常指能使人们完成某一精确动作或测量的一种小型仪器，尤指电工仪表、测量装置，航海或航空用的控制装置。

device 多指为某一特殊用途或解决某一特定机械问题而设计或改装的精巧的仪器或装置。

equipment 多指成套的或重型的设备或装备。

通常用作不可数名词。

tool 一般指进行特种工作的手工工具，也可指人造使用动力的工具，还可作引申用。

implement 原指史前人类所用的工具，现在多指农用工具，也可指为实现某个任务所需的工具或器具。

installation 一般多指安装完成，可供使用或操作的整套装置或设施。

appliance 侧重指家用机器或设备，尤指家用电器。

facilities 常用复数形式，指可供使用的设备或设施。

equipment的常用短语production equipment 生产设备;生产装备medical equipment 医疗设备;医疗器材testing equipment 测试设备;试验设备processing equipment 工艺设备equipment的英语例句1. I get very nervous because I'm using a lot of expensive equipment.因为正在使用很多昂贵的设备，所以我非常紧张。

设备安装相关英语作文

设备安装相关英语作文Device Installation。

Device installation is a crucial process that involves the setup and configuration of various devices in order to ensure their proper functioning. This process is essential for businesses and individuals alike, as it allows them to make the most of their devices and benefit from their capabilities. In this essay, we will explore the importance of device installation and discuss some of the key considerations that need to be taken into account when setting up devices.One of the most important reasons why deviceinstallation is so important is that it ensures that devices are configured correctly and are able to function properly. This is particularly important for businesses, as it allows them to optimize their operations and ensure that their devices are working at peak efficiency. For example, if a business is using a printer, it is essential that theprinter is installed correctly and that it is configured to work with the business's network and software. Failure to do so can result in wasted time, lost productivity, and even lost revenue.Another reason why device installation is important is that it helps to ensure that devices are secure and protected against potential threats. This is particularly important in today's digital age, where cyber threats are becoming increasingly common. By installing devices correctly and configuring them with appropriate security settings, businesses and individuals can help to protect themselves against these threats and ensure that their data and information remains safe.When it comes to device installation, there are several key considerations that need to be taken into account. One of the most important is compatibility. It is essential to ensure that devices are compatible with the software and hardware that they will be used with, as this will help to ensure that they function properly. Additionally, it is important to consider the user's needs and preferences wheninstalling devices. For example, if a user has a specific workflow that they need to follow, it is important to ensure that the device is configured to support this workflow.Another important consideration when installing devices is training. It is essential to ensure that users are properly trained on how to use the device and that they understand its capabilities and limitations. This will help to ensure that the device is used effectively and efficiently, and that users are able to make the most ofits features and functions.In conclusion, device installation is a crucial process that is essential for businesses and individuals alike. By ensuring that devices are installed correctly and configured properly, users can benefit from their capabilities and optimize their operations. When installing devices, it is important to consider compatibility, user needs and preferences, and training, in order to ensurethat the device is used effectively and efficiently. By taking these considerations into account, users can ensurethat their devices are working at peak efficiency and that they are protected against potential threats.。

通信英语单词词组

通信英语词汇词组principle原理sample采样/样值scheme方案,设计,安排quantiz量化,分层code编码/码describe叙述,描述description叙述,描述amplitude幅,幅度binary二进制的minimum最小值,最小量maximum最大值theoretical理论上的repetition重复,反复reexamination再审查,重考reduce减少,缩小interchange互换,转换,相互影响method方式,方法,手段overcome克服,打败,征服environment环境,周围情况lightning电光,闪电,雷电strike击,敲,打spark发火花,打火,闪signal-to-noiseratio信噪比satellite卫星terrestrial地球的,地面的,大地的parameter参数,系数attenuation衰减,衰耗inherent固有的,内在的assume假设,假定interleave交插,交错,插接appropriate适当的,合适的unique惟一的,独特的reoccur再发生,再次发生asynchronous异步的serial 串行的,串联的ransmission传输,发送interface接口receive接收,收到synchronize使)同步,(使)同时或同速进行period周期,循环,时期,阶段,时间间隔,时间clock时钟transmitter发送器,发射机receiver接收器,接收机necessary必要的,必需的,必须做的link连接,耦合,线路,链路teleprinter电传打字机telephone电话signal信号native当地的,天生的fundamental基本的,根本的,(十分)重要的split分开,劈开,分割,分离incoming进来的,入射的,输入的stream流,束,潮流,倾向individual分别的,各个的,单独的,个体的,独立的unit单元,元件,成分,装置,设备,组(合),机组,块体group组合,分组,群聚,聚集character字母,字符,符号,字,电码组合,角色,人物dot圆点,小数点dash破折号,长划线,猛冲,冲锋separate(使)分离,(使)分隔,隔开,区分,分类intersymbol码间的,符号间的intercharacter字符间的duration持续时间,延续时间examine检查,审查,实验,研究,探讨,测验,考试divide分开,分配,分割,划分,等分ingenious精巧的,精致的format格式,形式orient定向,定(方)位,标定,(使)适应,朝向invariably不变地,总是,一定,永恒地comprise包含,包括,由……组成plus加上,加,外加;a.正的control控制frequently时常,频繁地correspond相当,对应,符合,一致correspondto相当于,与……相对应,与……相吻合encode编码initially最初,开头,一开始idle闲置的,空闲的traditionally传统地,惯例地marklevel信号电平logical逻辑的successive连续的,顺序进行的,逐次性的calculate计算continually屡次地,再三地,频频地,连续地monitor监视(器),监测(器)detect发觉,觉察;n.检测器,侦察器assemble集合,收集,装配,组装flag旗,标志,标志位critical决定性的,关键的,危险的,临界的aspect方面,方位,外貌,样子edge边,边缘,界限,边界trigger触发,起动,扣扳机,发射nominal标称的,额定的thereafter此后,其后situation位置,地点,场所,形势,情况,环境,局面obvious明显的,明白的,显而易见的disadvantage不利条件,不利方面,有害,缺点whenever无论何时,随时,每当terminal终端dump倾倒,翻卸,转储underground.地下的via 经过,通过keyboard键盘visual视觉的,光学的originate发生,开始assembly 组合,装配temporary暂时的,临时的temporarily 临时地compatible一致的(with),兼容的appropriate适当的synchronize使同步derive取得,得到,由……导出capacity容量,能力concern所关切的事,担心slot狭槽,缝隙simultaneous同时发生的,同时的attenuation减少,衰减ideal理想的ideally理想地impairment消弱,损伤compensate补偿,酬报anyway=anyhow不管怎样,无论如何redundant过多的,多余的,冗余的inherent内在的,固有的alleviate减轻,缓和reverse 颠倒的,相反的successive连续的whereas而,却,反之,(公文用语)有鉴于arbitrary任意的giant巨大的collection 收集,集成address地址backbone支柱,骨干,主干modem调制解调器dictate命令,支配satisfy使满意definite明确的,确切的,肯定的requirement需要,要求convenient方便的,便利的hypertext超文本interface接口,界面trigger发射,引起fiber 光纤,纤维hierarchy体系,分层结构synchronous同步的span跨过,延伸equivalent相同的,同等traffic交通,通信量,交易ample充足的,充分的,宽敞的evidence证据,证词means方法,手段,工具advantage优势,利益availability可用性,可得性,有效,在场assume假定,设想consequence结果,后果essential本质的,必不可少的complement补充,补足message同……通信联系,发信号传达sophisticated复杂的,尖端的instantaneous瞬间的,即刻的complex复杂的,综合的response回答,响应dedicated专用的assign分配,指派,委派utilization利用dynamically动态地,有生气地benefit利益,好处,恩惠simultaneously同时地,同时发生consecutive连续地,连贯地pipeline用管道输送procedure过程,步骤entity存在,实体subnet 子网header 信头bursty 突发性asynchronous异步的multiplex多路复用initial最初的,开始的universal宇宙的,普遍的,通用的packet小包,分组irrespective不考虑的,不顾的underlying在下的,基础的dual双的,二重的identification识别,鉴定,验明virtual虚的simplicity简单,简明protocol草案,协议cell小房间,信元,小区megabit兆比特recommendation推荐,建议ratify批准,认可forum论坛,讨论会expedite加快,促进specification规范,说明书approximation近似traditional传统的,惯例的equivalent相当的,等效的dynamical能动的,动态的rigidly坚硬的,僵硬的occupy占领,占用infrastructure基础,基础结构coordinate使同等,协调enthusiam热情,积极性impact冲击,效果,影响particular特殊的,特定的variable易变的,可变的essential本质的,必不可少的simplify简化,精简optimum最佳条件analogue模拟identifer 标识符protocol 协议multi-media 多媒体describe描述,形容mixture混合,混合物consequent作为结果的,随之发生的confusion混乱,混乱状态opportunity机会,良机literally逐字地,字面地environment环境,周围enormous巨大的,庞大的facility设备,工具majority多数monitor监视器mature成熟的represent描述,讲述compression压缩,浓缩immense广大的,巨大的photograph照片professional职业的,专业的definition定义,清晰度algorithm算法attempt尝试,试图upgrade升级,上升trunk干线server服务器instantly立刻,即刻estimate估计implement实现,完成subscriber用户,订户traffic通讯(量),业务,信息量,话务量architectural建筑上的,结构上的node节点link链路half-duplex半双工的full-duplex全双工的hierarchy分层,层次,等级制度topology拓扑学,拓扑结构trunk树干,干级,中继线synchronous同步的augment增大,扩大tandem串联的,级联的,汇接的,一前一后排列的adjacent邻近的external外部的attach相连saturation饱和decouple分离,分隔compensate补偿,酬报dynamic动态的,变化的unique惟一的,特性的uniquely惟一地trunk 中继线topology 拓扑internode接点间的integrate使结合,使并入consequently因而,所以architecture结构,组织dictate口述,命令,支配global全球的,世界的issue问题,争论点enormous巨大的,庞大的gradual逐渐的,逐步的,顺序变化的degradation能量)衰变,减低,畸变significant重要的,值得注意的substantial多的,大量的eliminate排除,消灭flexibility灵活性bandwidth带宽inherent内在的,固有的analogue模拟,类似物equipment设备,器材pulse脉冲modulation调制,调节initially最初,开始access接近,通路,存取available可用的,可得到的facsimile传真emphasis强调,重点facility设备,工具installation安装,设置capability能力,容量transition过渡,转变convincing有说服力的,令人信服的rapid快速的,迅速的resolve解决,解答,消除virtually实际上,事实上specialization专门化,专用性telex电报,电传电报plain简单的,平凡的ubiquitous普遍存在的,无处不在的conversation谈话,交谈domain域,领域,范围packet包,分组protocol协议,议定书coaxial共轴的community共同体,社团private私人的,个人的token标记,记号,令牌applicable可适用的,能用的problematic有问题的,有疑问的,未决的、existence存在phase相位,阶段,时期,步骤resource资源albeit虽然,即使universal普遍的,广泛的,通用的medium媒介,传输介质integration综合algorithm算法adaptive适应的,自适应的differential有差别的,区别的,差动的,微分的adaptation适应,适配scene场景,场面unrealistic不切实际的emerge出现,显露conclude结论,断定compression压缩imply意味着optimal最佳的signal 信号telex 用户电报antenna天线coaxial同轴的jitter抖动buffer缓冲器keyboard 键盘host主机command命令laser 激光器dispersion 色散bandwidth 带宽manufacturer 制造商sensitivity 灵敏度pointer 指针customer 顾客amplifier 放大器client/Server客户机/服务器container 容器directional 指向性distortion 失真度distributive 分布式filter 滤波器frequency 频率gateway 网关interference 接口layering 分层ethernet以太网telnet 远程measurement 测试multicast 多点广播LAN 局域网MAN 城域网WAN 广域网cell 信元jam 拥塞real-time 实时brust 突发interchanger交换机primary 主用secondary 备用relay 中继console 控制台glint 闪烁multi-media 多媒体gateway 网关gatekeeper 网守core 核心administration 管理diagnostics-center 诊断中心critical 严重的major 主要的minor 次要的fan tray 风扇转速temperature 温度DC voltage 直流电压值normal 正常的missing 丢失的none 无clear 干净的slot 槽card state 板卡状态disk 硬盘resource 资源line 线路port 端口active 有效的standby 备用的front 前面back 背面empty 空的mismatch 不匹配的operational 运作的fail 失败的usable 有用的unusable 失效的label 标签switch 交换node 节点physical-view 物理视窗detail 详情modify 修改delete 删除element 原理delay 延迟trace 追溯reroute 按新的路径传输absolute 完全的elapsed-time 消逝的时间grade 等级type 种类landing 降落correct 更正cancle 取消plan to 预计delay 延误request 请求destination 目的地finally 最后at first 起初receive 收到send 发出repeat 重复bigin 开始end 结束verify 核对miss丢失all 全部address地址form 格式route 路由command 命令amount 数量formal 正式的cease 停止storage 存储compatibility 兼容processor 处理器memory 内存plug 插头tolerant 容量status 状态hotspare 热备份framework 构架alarm 告警function 功能artery 干线queue 队列drop 删除操作undrop 去掉删除操作database 数据库cash 现金main 主菜单exchange 交换force 力量client 客户端engine 引擎program 程序ready 准备boot 启动shutdown 关机reboot 重启haltsys 关机update 更新list 列表examine 检查statistics 统计default 初始化mmenu 菜单restore 还原transmit 转发uplink 上行线路downlink 下行线路launch 发射receive 接收antenna 天线modulation/demodulation 调制解调user equipment 用户设备attenuation 衰减frequency 频率signal 信号weak 衰弱carrier 载波interference 干扰mutual 相互的contact 联系candle 处理collect 收集noise 噪声increase 提高reduce 降低bandwidth 带宽microwave 微波radar 雷达limit 限制airport 机场data 数据business 业务protocol 协议weather 气象broadcast 广播database 数据库monitor 监视control 控制local 本地remote 异地configuration 配置reliability 可靠性synchronization 同步asynchronous 异步rate 速率dial 拨号serve 服务router 路由器maintain 维护attenuator 衰减器rack 机架cable 电缆chassis 机箱character 字符packet 包frame 帧bit 比特byte 字节server 服务器printer 打印机spectrometer 频谱仪fault 故障power 电源debug 调试reset 复位reload 重装restart 重启port 端口serial port 串口automatic 自动的manual 手动的version 版本utility 功能terminal 终端type 类型rate 速率enabled 使可能的present 现在custom 习惯sweep 扫除operational 操作decimal 十进制的calculate 计算search 搜索alternate 交替轮流range 范围，幅度value 值manintenance 维护log 记录，日志gain 增益output 输出input 输入level 水平site 位置device 装置summary 总结current 电流folder 文件夹loopback 回路online 上线offline 下线echo 反射conference 会议slave 被叫方master 主叫方offset 补偿，抵消quality 质量，特性circle 循环，回路span 跨度peak 最高点nadir 最低点couple 个数display 显示amplitude 振幅catalog 目录zoom 急速上升step 步骤total 总的identification 标记space 间隔sequence 顺序except 除什么之外diversion 改路indicator 代码supplementary 追加的priority 等级，优先权location 位置inhibit 禁止group 组separation 分离head 头time 次数necessary 必要的signature 签字abbreviation 简字，缩写department 部门service 公电go ahead 请发报handling 处理manual 人工expect 预计serial 连续的garble 变字idle 空闲的stuck 阻塞tape 纸带excessive 非法的open 断流，开路incorrect 不正常的error 错误invalid 无效的due 由于corrupt 错误的unknown 不知道的origin 源include 包括unable 无能力的unwanted不需要的incompletely 不完善地inordinate 无限制的divert 改路hold 保留，停发observe 观察solid 稳定的false错误的continuously 连续地interruption 中断resume 恢复cooperation 协作out of service 中断工作rush reply 速回答wrong 错误的changeover 转换take place发生alternate 备用further 进一步的attention 注意best regards 最好的敬意kindly 友好地ignore 忽视section 一部分side 边avoid 避免mention提到appreciate 感谢reason原因reference 参阅as soon as possible 尽可能的快silent 安静的feed 反馈percent 百分比following 如下trouble 故障according 依据purpose 目的clarify 澄清previous 以前的duration期间affect 影响deal with 处理release 释放unstable不稳定的abnormal 不正常about 大约above 以上accolingly 按照acknowledfent 确认active 活动accurate 准确add 增加additional 附加adjust 领近in dvance 事前advise 通知another 另外的already 已经amount 数量application 申请arrange安排arrival 到达assist 协助available 有可能的avoid 避免average平均because 因为below 以下both双方confirm 请证实confirmed证实无误check 检查cancel 取消contuinue 继续condition 条件conside 思考deliver交付duration 期间diver 绕转emergency 紧急情况ensure 保证establish 建立serialinterface 串行接口datatransmission 数据传输datastream 数据流theidlestate 闲置状态originatingcall发端呼叫undergroundcable 地下电缆circuitswitching 电路交换packetswitching 分组交换messageswitching 报文交换ciruitswitching电路交换messageswitching报文交换destinationaddress 目的地址errorcontrol 误差控制store-and-forwardmanner 存储转发方式ransimissiondelay 传输时延intermediateswitchingequipment 中间交换设备switchingtechnique 交换技术returnsignal 返回信号messageprocessor 报文处理机givenmaximumlength 给定最大长度atrandom 随机性dedicatedcircuit v informationsuperhighway 信息高速公路statisticalmultiplexing 统计复用digitalinformation 数字化的信息networknode 网络节点dualidentification 双重标识virtualcircuit 虚电路virtualpath 虚路径statisticalmultiplexing 统计复用optimumuseofresources 资源的最佳使用virtualprivatenetworks 虚拟专用网ThePublicTelecommunicationsNetwork 公用电信网localloop 本地环路switchingnode 交换节点tollcenter 收费中心telephonesubscriber 电话用户datatraffic 数据流量intermediateswitchingnode 中间交换节点full-duplexconnection 全双工的连接globalcommunications 全球通信narrowbandservices 宽带业务basicaccess 基本接入radiowaves 无线电波end-to-enddelay 端到端的时延peakhours 繁忙小时operationsandmaintenance 运行和维护telecommunicationservice 电信业务messagesofcharacters 文字报two-wayvoiceconversation 双向对话coaxialtreenetwork 同轴树状网络resourcepooling 资源共享sampling,quantizing and coding 抽样量化与编码speech channel 话路amplitude value 幅值sampling frequency 抽样频率sampling rate 抽样速率coding process 编码过程analog signal 模拟信号transmission quality 传输质量digital communication 数字通信digital transmission 数字传输transmission path 传输路由signal-to-noise ratio 信噪比signal levels 信号电平noise power 噪声功率terrestrial system 地面系统Time Division Multiplexer 时分多路复用serial interface 串行接口data transmission 数据传输data stream 数据流the idle state 闲置状态mark level 传号电平space level 空号电位local clock 本地时钟underground cable 地下电缆communication satellite 通信卫星timing signals 定时信号time slot 时隙data terminals 数据终端network resource 网络资源information services 信息服务remote terminals 远程终端interconnected systems 互联的系统electronic mail 电子邮件searching tools 搜索工具user interface 用户界面textual messages 文本信息electronic conferences 电子会议live conversation 实时对话the UNIX operating system UNIX操作系统light source 光源wave length 波长wideband subscriber 带宽用户video bandwidth 视频带宽long distance transmission 长途传输repeater spacing 中继距离wavelength multiplexing 波分复用information capacity 信息容量broadband services 带宽业务international standard 国际标准signal format 信号格式network node interface 网络节点接口tributary signals 支路信号network management 网络管理network maintenance 网络维护network operators 网络运营者transmission rate 传输速率tributary signals 支路信号maintenance capabilities 维护能力building blocks 组件individual tributary signals 各个支路信号transport system 传输系统communication means 通信手段called person 被叫人urgent communications 紧急通信electronic circuitry 电子电路wireless transmission 无线传输service area 服务区global coverage 全球覆盖gain of the antenna 无线增益space station 空间站user terminal 用户终端call accounting电话自动计费系统call control 呼叫控制coax cable 同轴电缆CDMA:Code Division Multiplex Access 码分多址core function 核心功能call information system 呼叫信息系统communication module 通信模块configuration management 配置管理cyclic redundancy check 循环冗佘校验carrier to noise ratio 载波比control word 控制字electro magnetic interference 电磁干扰emergency power 应急电源emergency sooket 应急插座evacuation sigvial疏散照明FDMA:Frequency Division Multiple Access频分多址GSM:Global System for Mobile communications全球移动通信系统information technology 信息技术LAN:Local Area Network 局域网network layer 网络层physical interface物理接口RF:Radio Frequency 射频satellite commumication 卫星通信service node interface业务节点接口Trunk cabling interface 星形连接TCP/P:Transmission Control Protocol Inter-network Protocol传输控制协议/网间协议Tele Communication System 通信系统Telecommunication System 通讯系统Ticket Dispemser 发卡机Time Division Dual 时分双工TDM:Time Division Multiplexing时分复用TDMA:Time Division Multiple Address时分多址error rate误码率circuit switch电路交换message exchange报文交换packet switch分组交换virtual circuit虚电路network topology网络拓扑physical and vitual addressing modes物理寻址flow control流量控制route selection路径选择logical block addressing逻辑寻址error detection错误检测DTE data terminal equipment数据终端设备DCE data communications equipment数据电路中断设备reference model参考模型VP virtual path 虚通道VC virtual channel虚通路NNI network network interface 网络节点接口UNI user network interface 用户网络接口static route 静态路由bum steady常亮flight altitude飞行高度fixed format 固定格式make preparation for dropping 备降route table 路由表forbidden character 禁用字符man-machine dialog 人机对话prefix number冠字short circuit 短路check code 校验码insert record 插入记录bi-directional data 双向通信radio frequency 射频单元（RF）intermediate frequency 中频单元（IF）out door unit 室外单元（ODU）very high frequency 甚高频（VHF）TES Telephony Earth Stationoffice automation 办公自动化redundant backup 冗余备份communication protocol 通信协议data broadcasting 数据广播data interface 数据接口(channel Unit) CU card /board CU板卡channel unit 信道单元remote station 远端站network control system 网络控制系统（NCS）频分多址（FDMA）按需分配（DAMA）预分配（PAMA）delay time 延迟时间bandwidth pool 带宽池modulation system 调制方式forward error correction 前向纠错（FEC）cold standby 冷备份warm standby 热备份outgoing control channel 外向控制信道（OCC）inbound control channel 入向控制信道configuration parameter 配置参数time division multiplexing 时分复用（TDM）carryout执行,完成putinto投入takeintoaccount把考虑在内appearonthescene出场,出现bycomparison比较起来,相对之下dueto由于inasense从某种意义上说greater than 大于less than 小于between and 在两者之间roll out 转出power off 关机。

工程设备机工具英语词汇

编辑说明
为了便于国际招标中英文标书的编写，特将常用的施工机电设备和办公设备，仪器设备，工器具以及常用材料等词组以汉英对照的形式编成这本『词汇』。其中的词组是按其所指物体的用途来归类的，共分为十八类。词组在各大类中则按汉语拼音来排序。以便于查阅。本『词汇』由高伟基编辑，薛怡茂翻译校订，在编辑过程中得到霍家杰高工，王启才和歧温华工程师提供的许多资料，特此致谢。在使用本『词汇』过程中发现不当之处，情予指正，以便修改。
压路机 Pavement roller
岩石锚固机 Rock bolting machine
羊足碾 Sheep foot roller, pad foot roller
圆盘耙 circular harrow
振动压路板 vibratory plate
震动夯 Vibro - compactor
平地机松土器 Motorgrader & ripper
平碾 Smooth wheel roller
切缝机 concrete cutter, Joint cutter
撒布机 spreader, distributor
双轮震动碾 Tandem vibrating roller
双筒压路机 tandem roller
起重臂有两种 lattice boom（格架）, telescopic（伸缩臂）, boom主臂，jib副臂，悬臂
二 .运输机械
半挂拖车头 Semi-trailer tractor
半挂拖罐 Semi-trail silo
侧卸卡车 Side dump truck
带式输送机 Belt conveyor
单轨吊车 Monorail crane

机械制造行业机械英语——机加工专业单词词组中英文对照

机械英语机加工专业 (单词 / 词组 )中英比较Aabrasion n. 磨料 ,研磨资料 ,磨蚀剂 , adj.磨损的 ,磨蚀的abrasive belt n.砂带abrasive belt grinding n.砂带磨削 ,用研磨带磨光abrasive cut-off machine n.砂轮切断机abrasive dressing wheel n.砂轮修整轮abrasive grain n.磨料粒度abrasive grit n.研磨用磨料 , 铁粒abrasive lapping wheel n.磨料研磨轮accuracy of position n.地点精度accuracy to shape n.形状精度active cutting edge n.主切削刃adapter flange n.连接器法兰盘adjointing flanks n.共轭齿廓align n. 找中 (心 ), 找正 ,对中 ,瞄准 ,找平 ,调直 ,校直 , 调整 ,调准angle milling cutter n. 角铣刀angular grinding n.斜面磨削 ,斜磨法angular milling n.斜面铣削angular plunge grinding n.斜向切入磨削angular turning n.斜面车削arbour n. 刀杆 ,心轴 ,柄轴 , 轴 ,辊轴attachment n.附件 ,附件机构 ,联系 ,固接 ,联系法automatic bar machine n.棒料自动车床automatic boring machine n.自动镗床automatic copying lathe n.自动仿形车床automatic double-head milling machine n.自动双轴铣床automatic lathe n.自动车床automatic turret lathe n.自动转塔车床Bbelt grinding machine n.砂带磨床bench lathe n.台式车床bevel n. 斜角，斜面，倾斜，斜切，斜角规，全能角尺，圆锥的，倾斜的，斜边，伞齿轮，锥齿轮bevel gear cutting machine n.锥齿轮切削机床bevel gear tooth system n.锥齿轮系，锥齿轮传动系统borehole n.镗孔，镗出的孔，钻眼boring n.镗孔，钻孔，穿孔boring fixture n.镗孔夹具boring machine n.镗床boring tool n.镗刀boring, drilling and milling machine n.镗铣床broaching machine n.拉床，铰孔机，剥孔机broaching tool n.拉刀broad finishing tool n.宽刃精切刀，宽刃精车刀，宽刃光切刀CCalibrate vt.校准〔正〕，刻度，分度，检查〔验〕，定标，标定 ,使标准化，使吻合标准cam contour grinder n.凸轮仿形磨床carbide tip n.硬质合金刀片carbide turning tool n.硬质合金车刀carbide-tipped tool n.硬质合金刀具cast iron machining n.铸铁加工，铸铁切削加工centerless cylindrical grinder n.没心外圆磨床ceramic cutting tool n.金属陶瓷刀具chamfer n.;vt. 倒角，倒棱chamfered cutting edge n.倒角刀刃champ v. 忧虑champing fixture n.快换夹具champing jaw n.快换卡爪chaser n. 螺纹梳刀，梳刀盘，板牙chatter vi.;n.振动，振荡，震颤，刀振cherry n.;a.樱桃，鲜红的，樱桃木制的chip n. 切屑，铁屑，刀片，刀头，片，薄片，芯片，基片chip breaker groove radius n.断屑槽底半径，卷屑槽底半径chip clearance n.切屑缝隙chip cross-sectional area n.切屑横截面面积chip curl n.螺旋形切屑chip flow n.切屑流chip formation n.切屑形成chip removing process n.去毛刺加工chip variable n.切屑变量chuck n. 卡盘，夹盘，卡头，〔电磁〕吸盘， vt.固定，装卡，夹紧，卡住chucker n.卡盘车床，卡角车床circular drilling machine n.圆工作台钻床circular path n.环路，圆轨迹circular pitch measurement n.周节丈量circumference n.圆周，周线，周界，四周，四周，范围close-grained a.细颗粒的coffecient of tool thrust n.刀具推力系数coil chip n.卷状切屑cold circular saw n.冷圆锯cold saw n.冷锯column drilling machine n.圆〔方〕柱立式钻床combined drill and milling cutter n.复合钻铣床complete traverse grinding n.横进给磨削，切入磨削computer-controlled machine n.计算机控制机床，数控机床contact pattern n.靠模continuous chip n.连续切屑continuous spiral chip n.连续螺旋切屑contour n.轮廓，外形，相貌，轮廓线，回路，网路，电路，等高线，等值线，轮廓等高距 a. 仿形的，靠模的contour grinding n.仿形磨削，成形磨削contour milling n.成形铣削，外形铣削，等高走刀曲面仿形法convex milling attachment n.凸面铣削附件convex turning attachment n.中凸车削附件，凸面车削附件coolant lubricant n.冷却润滑剂coolant lubricant emulsion n.冷却润滑乳液〔剂〕copy n. 样板，仿形，靠模工作法，拷贝复制品，v. 复制 ,模拟 ,抄写copy grinding n.仿形磨床copy-mill n. 仿形铣copying turret lathe n.仿形转塔车床corner n.角 ,弯〔管〕头 ,弯管counterbore n.用心孔 ,沉孔 ,锥口孔 ,平底扩孔钻 ,平底锪钻 , n.;vt. 扩孔，锪孔，镗孔，镗阶梯孔crankshaft grinding machine n.曲轴磨床crankshaft turning lathe n.曲轴车床creep feed grinding n.缓进给磨削cross milling n.横向铣削curly chip n.卷状切屑，螺旋形切屑，切屑螺旋cut v.;n.切削〔割〕，口，片，断，断开，减少，减少，断面，剖面，订交，凹槽cut off n. 切断〔开，去〕，关闭，泊车，停止，断开装置，断流器，挡板，截止，截流cut teeth n. 铣齿cut-off grinding n.砂轮截断，砂轮切割cutter n.刀具，切削工具，截断器，切断器，切断机cutting n.切削，切片，切割，切屑，金属屑，截槽cutting edge profile n.切削刃轮廓〔外形，断面〕，切削刃角度cutting force n.切削力cutting lip n.切削刃，刀刃，钻唇，钻刃cutting operation n.切削加工，切削操作，切削作业cutting rate n.切削效率，切削速率cutting tool n.刀具，切削工具，刃具cycle n.周期，周，循环，一个操作过程，轮转，自行车cylindrical grinder n.外圆磨床Ddamage n.;vt.损坏〔害，伤，耗，失〕，损坏，事故，故障，损害，危害deep-hole drilling n. 深孔钻削deep-hole milling n.深孔铣削design n.设计，计算，计划，方案，设计书，图纸die-sinking n. 凹模dimension n.尺寸，尺度，维度，量纲，因次direction of the feed motion n.进给方向，进刀方向discontinuous chip n.中止切屑distance n.距离，间隔〔隙〕，长度，vt.分开double-column planer-miller n.双柱龙门铣床dress v.修饰，修整，平坦，整理，清理，装饰，调制，准备，打磨，磨光，压平，轿直，冲刷，清理，分级drilling n. 钻头，钻床，穿孔器，凿岩机，v. 钻孔，打孔，钻井，钻探drilling machine n.钻床，钻机，钻孔机，打眼机drilling tool n.钻孔〔削，井，眼〕工具Eedge point n.刀口，刀刃efficiency n.效率，效能，性能，功率，产量，实力，经济性，有〔功，实〕效end mill n. 立铣刀external grinding n.外圆磨削Fface n. 表面，外观，工作面，表盘，屏，幕v. 面向，朝向，表面加工，把表面弄平face grinding machine n.平面磨床face milling machine n.端面磨床feed force n.进给力feed motion n.进给运动fine adjustment n.精调，细调，微调fine boring n.精美镗孔finish v.;n. 精加工，抛光，修整，表面粗糙度，竣工，最后加工，最后阶段，涂层，涂料finish-cutting n. 精加工，最后切削fixture n.夹具，夹紧装置，配件，零件，定位器，支架form n.型式，种类，摸板，模型，形成，产生，成形，表格v. 形〔组，构〕成，产生，作出，成形，造型form-turn n. 成形车削free-cutting n. 自由切削，无支承切削，高速切削Ggap n. 间隔，缝隙，距离，范围，区间，缺口，张口火花隙，vt. 使产生裂缝 vi.豁开gear cutting machine n.齿轮加工机床，切齿机gear generating grinder n.磨齿机gear hob n. 齿轮滚刀grinding cutter n.磨具grinding force n.磨削力grinding machine n.磨床grinding wheel diameter n.砂轮直径grinding wheel width n.砂轮宽度groove n. 槽，切口，排屑槽，空心槽，坡口，vt. 切〔开，铣〕槽groove milling n.铣槽Hheadstock spindle n.床头箱主轴，主轴箱主轴，头架轴helical tooth system n.螺旋齿轮传动装置high precision lathe n.高精度车床high-speed n. 高速high-speed machining n.高速加工hob n. 齿轮滚刀，滚刀，螺旋铣刀，v. 滚铣，滚齿，滚削horsepower n.马力hobbing machine n.滚齿机，螺旋铣床，挤压制模压力机，反应阴模机hole n. 孔，洞，坑，槽，空穴，孔道，管道，v. 钻〔穿，冲，开〕孔，打洞hone n. vt.磨石，油石，珩磨头，磨孔器，珩磨，honing machine n.珩磨机，珩床，搪磨床，磨孔机，磨气缸机Iinclination n.倾斜，斜度，倾角，斜角〔坡〕，曲折，偏〔差，角〕转increment n.增量，增添，增〔大〕长indexing table automatic n.自动分度工作台infeed grinding n.切入式磨削installation n.装置，设备，台，站，安装，设置internal grinding n.内圆磨削involute hob n.渐开线滚刀Jjig boring machine n.坐标镗床Kkeyway cutting n.键槽切削加工knurling tool n.滚花刀具，压花刀具，滚花刀Llaedscrew machine n.丝杠加工机床lap grinding n.研磨lapping n. 研磨，抛光，精研，搭接，擦准lathe n. 车床lathe dog n.车床轧头，卡箍，鸡心夹头，离心夹头，制动爪，车床挡块lathe tool n.车刀level n. 水平，水平，水平线，水平仪，水平仪，电平，能级，程度，强度， a. 水平的，相等的，平均的，安稳的loading time n.装载料时间，荷重时间，充填时间，充气时间lock n. 锁，栓，闸，闭锁装置，锁型，同步，牵引，v. 闭锁，关闭，卡住，固定，定位，制动刹住longitudinal grinding n.纵磨low capacity machine n.小功率机床〔机器〕Mmachine axis n.机床中心线machine table n.机床工作台machine tool n.机床，工作母机machining n.机械加工，切削加工machining (or cutting) variable n.加工（或切削）变量machining allowance n.机械加工余量machining cycle n.加工循环machining of metals n.金属切削加工，金属加工magazine automatic n.自动化库房，自动化料斗，自动存贮送料装置manufacture n.制造者，生产者，厂商，产品，制造material removing rate n.资料去除率metal cutting n.金属切削metal-cutting technology n.金属切削工艺学，金属切削工艺〔技术〕metal-cutting tool n.金属切削刀具，金属切削工具micrometer adjustment n.微调milling n. 铣削，磨碎，磨整，选矿milling feed n.铣削进给，铣削走刀量，铣削走刀机构milling machine n.铣床milling spindle n.铣床主轴milling tool n.铣削刀具，铣削工具mount v. 固定，安装，装置，装置，架设，n. 固定件，支架，座，装置，机构mounting n. 安装，装置，固定，机架，框架，装置mounting fixture n.安装夹具，固定夹具NNose n. 鼻子，端，前端，凸头，刀尖，机头，突出部分，伸出部分number of revolutions n.转数numerical control n.数字控制numerically controlled lathe n.数控车床Ooblique grinding n.斜切式磨床operate v. 操控，控制，运行，工作，动作，运算operating cycle n.工作循环operation n. 运行，操作，控制，工作，作业，运算，计算operational instruction n.操作说明书，操作说明operational safety n.操作安全性，使用靠谱性oscillating type abrasive cutting machine n.摇动式砂轮切割机oscillation n.振动，振荡，摇动，颤振，振幅out-cut milling n.切口铣削oxide ceramics n.氧化物陶瓷oxide-ceramic cutting tool n.陶瓷刀具Pperformance n.推行，履行，完成，特征，性能，成品，制作品，行为，动作，生产率，效率peripheral grinding n.圆周磨削peripheral speed n.圆周速度，周速，边沿速度perpendicular a.垂直的，正交的，成直角的n. 垂直，正交，竖直，垂线，垂直面physical entity n.实体，实物pitch n. 齿距，节距，铆间距，螺距，极距，辊距，坡度，高跨比，俯仰角pitch circle n.节圆plain (or cylindrical) milling machine n.一般（或圆柱形）铣床plain grinding n.平面磨削plain turning n.平面车床plane n. 平面，面，投影，刨，水平，程度，阶段，飞机 a.平的 v. 弄平，整平，刨，翱翔plane milling n.平面铣削plane-mill n. 平面铣刀，平面铣床plunge mill n.模向进给滚轧机plunge-cut n. 切入式磨削，横向进给磨削，全面进刀法，全面进给法plunge-cut thread grinder n.切入式螺纹磨床plunge-grinding n.切入式磨削point n. 点，尖端，刀尖，针尖，指针，交点，重点，论点，特色v. 指，面向，瞄准，瞄准，表示，弄尖，重申power n. 功率，效率，能〔容，力〕量，动力，电源，能源v. 驱〔拖，带，发〕动，给...以动力power hacksaw n.灵活弓锯〔钢锯〕precision boring n.精镗precision boring machine n.精美镗床precision machining n.精美机械加工pressure angle n.压力角primary cutting edge n.主切削刃principal feed motion n.主进给运动，主进刀运动production method s n.生产方法 [式 ]profile n. 轮廓，形面，剖面，侧面图，分布图。

机械专业英语常见单词

1、mold n. 模具v.铸造（第一单元）2、die 钢模冲模3、term 术语4、tooling 工艺装备5、plastic parts 塑料件6、hardened steel 硬质刚7、aluminium 铝8、beryllium-copper alloy 铍铜合金9、steel molds 钢模10、Rockwell-C scale 洛氏硬度11、resin 树脂12、sprue喷嘴13、runner 流道14、gate 浇口15、protrusion 突出物，凸模16、core 型芯17、clay 粘土18、pin 销钉19、plenum 高压20、vent 通风口21、overhang v. 悬挂22、household 家庭的23、bucket n.桶24、cling to 黏附25、stripper plate 分馏柱塔板26、thermoplastics 热塑性材料27、solidification n.凝固28、chase vt.雕镂29、slide n. 滑块30、perpendicular 垂直的31、gib n.楔形块32、horn pin 推杆33、tire 轮胎34、lander 接触的35、hose 管道36、forklift 叉式升降机37、overhead crane 桥式起重机38、hoist n.提升39、impressions 压痕，型腔40、cavitation第二单元1、Injection Monding 注射模2、gravity 重力3、hopper 料斗4、barrel n.桶5、screw 螺杆，螺孔6、plunger 活塞7、chamber 腔8、melt v.熔化9、nozzle 喷嘴10、cravity 型腔11、gate 浇口12、runner system 热流道系统13、solidify v.使凝固14、ejector pin 顶针15、calmp 夹钳16、tonnage 吨位17、molten 熔铸的18、sprue bushing 浇口套19、mold cavity 模具型腔20、thickness 厚度21、plastication n.塑化22、throat 颈部，窄处23、non-return valve 单向阀24、extruder n.挤压25、plunder 活塞26、melt pool 榕料池27、vacuum 真空28、hydraulics 液压的29、water-cooling 水冷30、resin 树脂31、pellet 小球32、granule 颗粒33、poured into 流入，涌入34、screw flight 螺杆上的螺纹35、sprue 浇口第三单元1、forming n. 成型2、deformation 变形3、induce vt 引诱，诱导4、yield strength 破裂强度5、tensile 拉伸的6、compressive 压缩的7、bending n.弯曲，挠度8、shearing .n剪切9、fruitfully 大部分的10、hardening .vzhanshui11、category 种类，目录12、recrystallization .n再结晶13、render .vt放弃14、brittle 易碎的15、coefficient.n系数16、capacity 容量，能力17、dimension 尺寸18、rolling 滚压19、forging .n锻造20、drawing n 拉伸21、deep drawing 深度拉伸22、extrusion .n.挤出，推出23、gap 间隙24、contour n. 轮廓25、sheet metal 金属片26、squeeze .v.挤压27、cross-section 横截面28、schematically 示意性的29、punch .vt冲孔，打孔30、blank holder 压边31、defect.n .缺陷32、advantage 优点33、disadvantage 缺点34、viz 即，就是35、rupture .v.破裂36、ductility 延展性37、sculphur 硫磺38、surface finish 最终表面39、formation变形40、inability .n无能41、corrosion resistance 抗腐蚀第四单元1、intelligence 智能2、simulation 仿真3、decision-making 决策4、subsystem 子系统5、e.g.(for example) 例如6、assembly.n.装配7、integration 集成8、substitute .v.n.替代，替代品9、mental labor 脑力劳动10、artificial intelligence 人工智能11、artificial neural networks 人工神经网络12、genetic algorithm 遗传算法13、parallel project并行工程14、eology 生态学15、highlight .vt 突出，使显著16、autonomy .n.自治17、self-diagnosis 自诊断18、optimse vt 使最优先化19、intellectualization.vt使智能化20、prominent 显著的，突出的21、simultaneously 同时地22、colleague 同事23、Mechatronics 机械电子24、dominant 占优势的，支配的第五单元1、robotics 机器人技术2、electronics 电子学3、mechanics 机械学，力学4、autonomous 自治的，独立的5、accuracy 精确性，正确度6、reliability 可靠性7、surgery 外科8、weaponry 武器，军备9、kinematic chain 运动链10、functionality 功能性11、skeleton 骨架，纲要12、link 连接，连杆13、actuator 激励者，原动件14、open serial chain 开式链15、serial robots 串行机器人16、mimic 拟态的，模拟的17、insect 昆虫18、biomechanics 生物力学19、end effector 末端执行器20、mount .vt 安装21、replaceable 可代替的22、humanoid 类人机23、gripper 钳子，抓爪24、manifestation 显示，表现25、vacuum 真空，空间26、windscreen 挡风玻璃27、astrictive 止血的28、prehension .n理解29、suction 抽气机，抽水泵30、dexterous 灵巧的31、tractile sensor 触觉感受器32、intuitive 直觉的，本能的33、fiction 小说34、gesture 手势35、interface 接口36、motor 电机37、kinematics 运动学38、dynamics 动力学39、redundancy 冗余40、collision 碰撞，冲突41、singularity .n单一第六单元1、machine control unit 机床控制装置2、interface 接口3、signal 信号4、apparatus 器械，设备5、open-loop 开环6、instruction 指令7、close-loop 闭环8、manual programming 手工编程9、cumbersome 讨厌的，麻烦的10、similar 相似的11、statement 陈述，综述12、post-processor 后处理13、consensus.n 一致同意14、bona fide 真诚地，真实地第七单元1、r apid prototyping 快速成型2、C AD=(Computer Aided Design) 计算机辅助设计3、c ost -effctive 有成本很效应的4、o rthographic 拼写正确的5、t ooling 工艺装备6、r eclaim 回收7、d rilling 钻削8、t urning 车削9、m illing 铣削10、spark erosion 电火花腐蚀11、core box 型箱12、jig 夹具13、Selected Laser Sintering(SLS)（粉末材料）选择性激光烧结成型14、Stereo Lithography （SL）立体光刻15、FDM=Fused Deposition Modeling融融堆积造型16、LOM=laminated objectmanuifacturing 分层实体制造17、blue print 蓝图，设计方案18、shop floor工厂车间19、demonstate vt 论证20、concept 概念21、illustrate vt 图解，阐明22、feasibility 可行性23、feedback 反馈名词24、modification 修改名词第八单元1、s taming 冲压n2、s heet 薄片3、s trip 条，带4、p lywood 夹板5、m ical sheet 云母片6、l eather 皮革7、a sbestor 石棉8、c rucial 重要的9、i nstruments 工具，手段10、househould electrical appliances家用电器11、rigidity 刚性，硬度12、productivity 生产力13、mechanization 机械化14、automatization 自动化15、mass production 大规模生产16、mild steel 低碳钢17、magnesium alloy 镁合金18、alloy steel 合金钢19、conspicuous 显著的20、approximately 近似的，大概的21、simply 简化22、theoretical 理论的23、calculation 计算24、blank holder 压边25、dominate 支配26、restrain vt 约束，限制27、severe 严厉的，严重的28、die forging 模段29、degree of freedom 自由度30、sphere 球体31、cone 圆锥体32、curling 卷缩名词33、tube 管子34、pneumatic 风力的，汽力的35、hydraulic 液压的36、apparatus 器械，设备37、intellectualise vt 使智能化第九单元1、t raditional 传统的2、f undamental 基础的n 基本原理3、m icroelectronics 微电子学4、d etection .n 检测，探测5、o pen-loop control开环控制close-loop control 闭环控制6、u ltraithin 超细的7、u ltralight 超轻的8、m ultimedia 多媒体9、f uzzy control 模糊控制10、neural network 神经网络11、amend .v 修正，改进12、group control 群控13、allowance 公差14、indictor .n指示15、chip 芯片16、high-resolution 高分辨率17、detector 探测器18、alternating current 交流电19、characteristics 特性，品质20、modular 模块的21、multifunctional 多功能的22、pursusant 依照的23、composition 组成，合成物24、workpiece 工件25、spindle 心轴26、turntable 转盘27、intelligence 智能28、real-time 实时的29、self-adaptive control 自适应控制30、experts control 专家控制31、learning control 学习控制32、feed-forward control 前馈控制33、expert system 专家系统.34、fault diagnosis 错误判断第十单元1、i nstruction 指示，指令2、i nspection 诊断3、m anual 手动的4、a ssembly .n 装配5、p rogrammable 可编程的6、f lexible 灵活的，柔性的7、j ustification 论证8、b atch. n 批9、e xtension 名词扩展10、changeover .v 转变11、significiant 重要的12、characterstic 特性，品质13、versatile 多才多艺的14、adaptable 可适应的15、group technology (GT)成组技术16、simultaneously 瞬时地17、philosophy 哲学18、similarity 相似性19、park family 零件族20、cylindrical 圆柱的21、turning 车削22、griding 磨削23、rectangular 矩形的24、cubhe 立方体第十一单元1、f abricate. vt 制作，构造2、d rill presses 钻床3、b and saws 带锯4、l athes 车床5、g rinder 磨工，磨床6、m ill .vt 研磨n 铣床7、p rototyping 原型8、b it 钻头。

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[分享]工具英语--（一）五金工具英语
toolbox 工具箱
bench 工作台
vice, clamp 虎钳（美作：vise）saw 锯
bow saw 弓锯
circular saw 圆锯（美作：buzzsaw）compass saw, scroll saw 钢丝锯fretsaw 细锯
handsaw 手锯
chisel 口凿
cold chisel, burin 冰凿
gouge, firmer gouge 半圆凿
plane 刨子
moulding plane 型刨
jack plane 粗刨
rabbet plane 槽刨
drawknife 刮刀
scraper 三角刮刀
rasp 粗锉
file 锉
square 尺
miter 斜槽规
scriber 近线尺
set square, triangle 三角板
brace 手拉曲柄锉
hand drill 手钻
drill, bit 钻，有柄钻
gimlet, auger 钻，无柄钻countersink 锥口钻
gauge, marking gauge 量规hammer 锤
mallet 木槌
nail 钉
brad 平头钉
tack, stud 圆头钉
screw 螺丝钉
screwdriver 螺丝刀，改锥
screw tap 螺丝攻
nail puller 拔钉器
ruler 尺
tape measure 卷尺
folding ruler 折尺
sandpaper, emery paper 砂纸
stepladder 高凳，折梯
trestle 支架
trowel 灰泥镘子
float 抹子
spatula 抹刀，刮铲
brush 刷子
paintbrush, brush 画刷
roller 滚子
scissors 剪子
spade 锄
fork 叉子
shovel 铁锹，铲
rake 耙
roller 滚压器，碌碡
dibble 掘穴机
wheelbarrow 小车，独轮车
watering can 喷壶
garden hose, hosepipe 橡胶软管
lawnmower 剪草机
shears, garden shears 园艺剪刀
pruning shears 修枝剪
pruning knife 修枝刀
sickle 镰刀
scythe 钐刀，钐镰
trowel 镘
weeding hoe 除草耙
seed drill 条播机
penknife 铅笔刀
glass cutter 玻璃刀
plumb line 铅垂线
spirit level 水平仪
pickaxe 鹤嘴锄（美作：pickax）
the axe 斧子（美作：the ax）
sledgehammer 长柄大锤
bushhammer 石工锤
rammer 撞针
anvil, beakiron, bickiron, two-beaked anvil 砧，砧子bellows 弹簧
awl 锤子
beam compass, trammel 长圆规
lever 杠杆
tyre lever 轮胎撬杠
crank 柄
soldering iron 焊铁，烙铁
blowlamp 吹嘴，吹炬（美作：blowtorch）
die 冲模
diestock 螺丝攻
machine tools 工作母机
lathe 车床
turret lathe 六角车床
milling cutter 铣刀
milling machine 铣床
electric drill, power drill 电钻
grinder, crusher 粉碎机
riveter 打铆机
rolling mill 轧板机
press 压床，冲床
drop hammer pile hammer, drop hammer 蒸汽汽锤air hammer, pneumatic hammer 气锤
pile hammer 打桩机
HEXAGON内六角
POZIDRIV米字槽
SIX-LOBE梅花槽
(二）、机械工具英语
spanner 扳子(美作:wrench)
double-ended spanner 双头扳子
adjustable spanner, monkey wrench 活扳子,活络扳手box spanner 管钳子(美作:socket wrench) calipers 卡规
pincers, tongs 夹钳
shears 剪子
hacksaw 钢锯
wire cutters 剪线钳
multipurpose pliers, universal pliers 万能手钳adjustable pliers 可调手钳
punch 冲子
drill 钻
chuck 卡盘
scraper 三角刮刀
reamer 扩孔钻
calliper gauge 孔径规
rivet 铆钉
nut 螺母
locknut 自锁螺母,防松螺母
bolt 螺栓
pin, peg, dowel 销钉
washer 垫圈
staple U形钉
oil can 油壶
jack 工作服
grease gun 注油枪
machine work机械加工
拋光polishing
安装to assemble
衬套bushing
半机械化semi-mechanization; semi-mechanized 半自动滚刀磨床semi-automatic hob grinder
半自动化semi-automation; semi-automatic
扳手wrench
备件spare parts
边刨床side planer
变速箱transmission gear
柄轴arbor
部件units; assembly parts
插床slotting machine
拆卸to disassemble
超高速内圆磨床ultra-high-speed internal grinder 车床lathe; turning lathe
车刀lathe tool
车轮车床car wheel lathe
车削turning
车轴axle。