大学英语拓展1——英美文化习俗之美国历史简介
大一英美历史文化知识点
大一英美历史文化知识点英美历史文化是世界上最重要、最有影响力的文化之一。
它不仅承载着英美国家的历史记忆，更对全球的政治、经济、艺术等方面产生了巨大的影响。
从学习英美历史文化中，我们可以了解到许多重要的知识点。
本文将为你介绍一些大一学生应了解的英美历史文化知识点。
1. 英美历史的起源英美历史的起源可以追溯到古代, 这些地区的历史发展有着悠久的历史根基。
英国历史起始于罗马时代，经过盎格鲁-撒克逊人的入侵和诺曼征服，形成了现代英格兰的基础。
美国历史起源于欧洲殖民ist的17世纪，最早是荷兰和英格兰人的殖民企业，随后逐渐发展成为英属殖民地。
2. 英美革命英美历史上两次重要的革命是美国独立战争和英国内战。
美国独立战争于1775年爆发，结束于1783年。
这场战争导致了美国摆脱了英国的统治，成为独立国家。
英国内战则发生在1642年至1651年，以议会派和国王派之间的斗争为主。
这场内战最终导致了国王查理一世被处决，英国成为共和国。
3. 美国宪法美国宪法是美国的法律基础和政治体制的核心文件。
它于1787年制定，成为了美国独立后的国家基石。
美国宪法确立了三权分立的原则，规定了公民的权利和义务，同时也为后来的修正案提供了修改的机制。
它被视为现代宪政民主的典范。
4. 英国工业革命英国工业革命发生在18世纪末至19世纪初，是英国由农业社会向工业社会转变的过程。
这场革命带来了机械化生产的大规模应用，推动了科技和工业的迅猛发展，也催生了现代资本主义经济体系的形成。
英国工业革命对世界产生了深远的影响，极大地改变了人们的生活方式和社会结构。
5. 美国南北战争美国南北战争发生于1861年至1865年，是美国历史上一场重要的战争。
南北战争主要是因为南方各州反对废除奴隶制度，且担心北方的政府干涉奴隶制度的土地扩张政策。
最终，北方胜利，废除奴隶制度，巩固了联邦政府的权威。
6. 英美文学英美文学是世界文学的重要组成部分。
从莎士比亚到狄更斯，从哈姆雷特到杰出的鲍尔斯小说，英美文学作品流传广泛，产生了深远的影响。
英语作文,介绍美国习惯风俗
英语作文,介绍美国习惯风俗Title: Customs and Traditions in the United States.As a multicultural country, the United States has a rich tapestry of customs and traditions. Here are some common practices and customs among Americans:1. 感恩节（Thanksgiving）：Thanksgiving is one of the most important holidays in the United States, typically celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November each year. Families come together to enjoy a traditional Thanksgiving feast, expressing gratitude for the blessings and happiness in their lives.Thanksgiving is a holiday centered around family gatherings, where people sit together to share food and express gratitude.2. 独立日（Independence Day）：July 4th marks Independence Day in the United States, commemorating the signing of the Declaration of Independence. People celebrate with fireworks displays, family gatherings, and community events, showcasing their love and pride for their country.Independence Day is a festive occasion where people dress in red, white, and blue, participate in parades, and engage in celebratory activities.3. 万圣节（Halloween）：Halloween on October 31st is a daywhen people dress up in various costumes and gotrick-or-treating. It is a favorite holiday among children and a time for community events and parties.Halloween is a fun and creative holiday where people prepare a variety of costumes and decorations to celebrate the day.These are just a few examples of the diverse customs and traditions in the United States, showcasing the cultural diversity and celebratory richness of the American people.中文翻译：美国的习惯和风俗。
关于介绍美国习俗的英语作文
关于介绍美国习俗的英语作文
Title:American Customs.
America is known for its diverse culture and rich traditions. One common custom in the United States is celebrating Thanksgiving Day, a national holiday where families gather to enjoy a feast and give thanks for their blessings. Another popular tradition is Halloween, where children dress up in costumes and go trick-or-treating for candy. Independence Day on July 4th is another significant holiday, marked by fireworks displays and patriotic celebrations. These customs reflect the values and history of the American people.
中文翻译：美国习俗。
美国以其多元文化和丰富传统而闻名。
美国一项常见的习俗是庆祝感恩节，这是一个全国性的节日，家庭聚集在一起享用盛宴并感恩自己的幸福。
另一个流行的传统是万圣节，孩子们穿着化妆服装，去敲门要糖果。
7月4日的独立日是另一个重要节日，标志着烟花表演和爱国庆祝活动。
这些习俗反映了美国人民的价值观和历史。
英美国家文化概况(中英文对照)-美国 精品
美国文化概况Chapter 1 Population, race and ethnic groups第一章人口和种族1) Introduction①American is the third most populous country in the world, with 255.5 million people. It isa nation of immigrants. Immigration accounts for a major source of population growth. There are many racial and ethnic groups. Between 80% and 90% of immigration in the United States now is from Asian and Hispanic counties. The first immigrants in American history came from England and Netherlands. Population movements are common in America.美国是世界上的第三大人口国，总人口约2.555亿，仅次于中国和印度。
美国是一个移民大国，移民人口是其人口总数增长的重要原因。
美国的有着不同民族和种族的人口。
在目前美国移民人口中，80%-90%来自亚洲和西班牙语国家。
美国历史上最早的移民来自于英格兰和荷兰。
人口迁徙在美国十分普遍。
2) Black people and the Civil Rights Movement①blacks and slaveryThe largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S., which 12.1 per cent of the population; the first blacks were brought to North America as slaves in 1619.美国最大的少数人种是黑人，占人口的12.1%；1619年最早的人人作为奴隶被运至美国。
英美文化简况
英语国家中传统的文娱和体育活动:棒球、橄榄球等；英国:4月23日/7月---戏剧节--为纪念莎士比亚而举行的盛大文娱活动英语国家中重要的节假日:圣诞节---12月25日，情人节----2月14日；感恩节—11月的第四个星期四开始，持续四天感恩节每年11月的最后一个星期四是感恩节(Thanksgiving Day) 。
感恩节是美国人民独创的一个古老节日，也是美国人合家欢聚的节日，因此美国人提起感恩节总是倍感亲切。
感恩节的由来要一直追溯到美国历史的发端。
1620年，著名的“五月花”号船满载不堪忍受英国国内宗教迫害的清教徒102人到达美洲。
1620年和1621年之交的冬天，他们遇到了难以想象的困难，处在饥寒交迫之中，冬天过去时，活下来的移民只有50来人。
这时，心地善良的印第安人给移民送来了生活必需品，还特地派人教他们怎样狩猎、捕鱼和种植玉米、南瓜。
在印第安人的帮助下，移民们终于获得了丰收，在欢庆丰收的日子，按照宗教传统习俗，移民规定了感谢上帝的日子，并决定为感谢印第安人的真诚帮助，邀请他们一同庆祝节日。
在第一个感恩节的这一天，印第安人和移民欢聚一堂，他们在黎明时鸣放礼炮，列队走进一间用作教堂的屋子，虔诚地向上帝表达谢意，然后点起篝火举行盛大宴会。
第二天和第三天又举行了摔跤、赛跑、唱歌、跳舞等活动。
第一个感恩节非常成功。
其中许多庆祝方式流传了300多年，一直保留到今天。
初时感恩节没有固定日期，由各州临时决定。
直到美国独立后的1863年，林肯总统宣布感恩节为全国性节日。
习俗每逢感恩节这一天，美国举国上下热闹非常，人们按照习俗前往教堂做感恩祈祷，城乡市镇到处举行化装游行、戏剧表演和体育比赛等，学校和商店也都按规定放假体息。
孩子们还模仿当年印第安人的模样穿上离奇古怪的服装，画上脸谱或戴上面具到街上唱歌、吹喇叭。
散居在他乡外地的家人也会回家过节，一家人团团围坐在一起，大嚼美味火鸡。
同时，好客的美国人也忘不掉这一天邀请好友、单身汉或远离家乡的入共度佳节。
论美国文化的英语演讲稿
论美国文化的英语演讲稿篇一：介绍美国文化的英语演讲稿the american heritage festival1. united states is a cultural powers. short but rich history and unique itmakes for an ethnic melting pot, and bring together the worlds culture. if the thought of this huge social and human treasures of getin, we may wish to take a short cut, that is, on his holiday to be a generalunderstanding of the culture, because it is a microcosm of the festival.2. day(情人节情人节)(february valentines day(情人节)(february 14)(the first sunday after the first full moon following3.november 1, halloween is the traditional festival of the west. halloween,namely 31 october night, children enjoy a good time to play. as night fell, thechildren put on colorful costume, and wore a mask of all sorts, put on a pumpkinlamp ran out to play.packed with parity, the demonswere dressed up as children ofmobile pumpkin lamp, ran to a neighbors door, intimidation, like shouting: to trickor treat and give money or to eat. if the adults do not have to change for thehospitality they candy, and those naughty boy just talk the talk: well, youre notplaying entertaining, i you.4. november 4th thursday is thanksgiving. on thanksgiving day, the united statesthe whole fun, people follow the customs of the prayer of thanksgiving to the church,and rural towns are nearby, theatrical performances or sporting events, etc.continues for another year of relatives will return from many, one family luck, tastethe delicious thanksgiving turkey. team growing, they sung from the houses, joyful atmosphere continue to increase,and often continue until dawn.christmas is the most typical christmas tree decorations, people in a small firor pine filled with gifts and lantern, the top of the tree with a big star.篇二：美国文化演讲稿,英文版 presentationi’m glad to show you mine presentation today. and now let’s see some pictures.what are they? maybe you’ll say “ads”. but do you see the slogans on them? justas this one “obey your thirst”. advertisements give latest information about products. but some people think thatadvertisements don’t give much information but only try to persuade customers tobuy. may be what mentioned above is the citizens’view about advertisement. so, what i want to say is that we can pay more attention on advertising slogans, and some of themgive us some inspiration. we might as well take a look. first i want to share my favorite slogan with you. it’s the slogan of the hennessy.“to me, the past is black and white, but the future is always color.” just as theslogan said, i hold the view that a person can’t be always lost in the past, andno matter how happy or terrible the past is, the future is worthy to be expected.this slogan gives a clear picture of the life that every successful person who wantto realize the dream.besides, there’s another slogan, “start ahead”.i believe that most of us arefamiliar with its chinese meaning “成功之路，从头开始”. iargue that wherever we go and whatever we meet, this sentence is full of powerand wisdom.the other one is the slogan of canon. as it said, “impossible made possible.”when we are in case of emergency or we meet difficulties at the critical stage ofour life, it’s a good choice for us to use the slogan for encouragement. there’re also many slogans which deserve to be thought about. for example,“intelligence everywhere,”“the relentless pursuit of perfection,” and the mostfamous one “just do it”.maybe we’ll forget themafter the first time we heard them or maybe we could seldom remember them unless in a special situation. in my opinion, since we have somany excellent advertising slogans, we have every reason to make full use of the socialresources.in other words, after we enjoy the happiness and know about the introduction ofthe products, we should take in the wisdom and the truth which behind them. thank you, it’s all my presentation.篇三：关于中国文化的英语演讲关于中国文化的英语演讲众所周知，功夫熊猫2所示最近，很快成为中国的热门话题。
美国历史文化概况(英文版)UNIT 7 Laws and Rules
CONTENTS
Teaching Aims Text A Text B Supplementing Reading
TEACHING AIMS
After studying this unit, you are required to:
1. Have a general idea of Laws and Rules. 2. Understand the importance of Laws and Rules. 3. Master the difficult words and expressions.
Text A The law of the United States
TEXT A Notes
5. Anglo-American civilization: The Anglo-American civilization was the first new civilization since the Roman Empire. All civilizations between the last collapse of Rome in the 4th Century A.D. and the present moment were some fragment of the Roman Empire or its conquerors. … Anglo-American mechanization has even driven the Chinese from their background and into European pants and hats. In India and Burma and Buenos Aires we see the cinema, the automobile, the clock, the booklets and the rifle created by or modeled upon Anglo-American industrial might.
英美文化介绍 英文版
OCCASION
Washington
EATING
American have many different names for mealtimes, including ‘Breakfast’, ‘Brunch’, ‘Elevenses’, ‘Lunch’, ‘Tea’, ‘Dinner’ and ‘Supper’.
Cultural Differences
Group Members: Chen Yiqi Cui Zhenmeng Cheng Xijun Ding Di
CLOTHING
ONE To present with graceful manners in the living room along with culinary skills in the kitchen
古朴，典雅构成白宫建筑风格基调 Simple, elegant constitute the White House building style of fundamental key.
华盛顿纪念碑是美国战争英雄纪念碑，它反映的是美国对历史的态 度 The Washington Monument is American war hero to the memorial, which reflect the is the history of the American attitude .
A traditional breakfast includes sausages, bacon, fried eggs, mushrooms, baked beans, fried tomatoes, and toast with butter. However, these days most people don’t eat a traditional breakfast every day, or even at all. This is because it is very unhealthy, and many people don’t have time to cook.
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今天，在美国人心目中，感恩节是比圣诞节还要重要的 节日。首先，它是一个长达4 天的假日，足以使人们尽 情狂欢、庆祝。其次，它也是传统的家庭团聚的日子。 感恩节期间，散居在他乡外地的家人，都要赶回家过节 ，这已经成了全国性的习俗。此外，美国人一年中最重 视的一餐，就是感恩节的晚宴。在美国这个生活节奏很 快，竞争激烈的国度里，平日的饮食极为简单。美国的 快餐流行世界，就是一个很好的说明。但在感恩节的夜 晚，家家户户都大办筵席，物品之丰盛，令人咋舌。在 节日的餐桌上，上至总统，下至庶民，火鸡和南瓜饼都 是必备的。这两味“珍品”体现了美国人民忆及先民开 拓艰难、追思第一个感恩节的怀旧情绪。因此，感恩节 也被称为“火鸡节”。
感恩节的由来要一直追溯到美国历史的发端。1620年， 著名的“五月花号”船满载不堪忍受英国国内宗教迫害 的清教徒102人到达美洲。1620年和1621年之交的冬天， 他们遇到了难以想像的困难，处在饥寒交迫之中，冬天 过后，活下来的移民只剩50来人。基于“来者是客”的 信念与习俗，印第安人给这些移民送来了生活必需品， 并且教导他们狩猎、捕鱼和种植玉米、南瓜等等生存方 法。在印第安人的帮助下，来自欧陆的新移民逐渐习惯 了在当地的生存方式。在欢庆丰收的日子，欧陆新移民 邀请印第安人一同感谢上天的赐予。许多人认为，美国 第一个感恩节就是印第安人与新移民第一次齐聚感谢上 天赐予的那一天。
• Time
– On October 19, 1781
• Result
– The British soldiers were forced to surrender.
• Consequences
– George Washington became the first President. – The 4th of July became the national holiday of America--- the Independence Day.
Introduction to British and American Culture
The First Permanent English Colony
• In 1607 • Three ships crossed the Atlantic Ocean and landed by the side of a river--the James River. • The first English colony was founded at Jamestown, Virginia.
Introduction to British and American Culture
Boston Tea Party 波士顿倾茶事件
Background
In 1773, British government passed a new law--the Tea Act. “No taxation without representation” December 16, 1773
Introduction to British and American Culture
The Birth of the United States
The Conflict between Britain and the American Colonists The War of Independence
Introduction to British and American Culture
Complete a Timeline
• 1763: The French and Indian War ended • 1773: Boston Tea Party/Tea Act _______________________________ • 1774: The First Continental Congress • 1775: ________________________________ The War of Independence began • 1776: Declaration of Independence was adopted ________________________________ • 1781: The War of Independence ended ________________________________
美国宪法的序言(Preamble)只有一句话，由52个 单词构成: We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.
Introduction to British and American Culture
Before the Colonial Period
1.在两万多年前, 有一批来自亚洲的流浪者,经由北美到 中南美洲,这些人就是印第安人的祖先。 2.大约1万年前, 又有另一批亚洲人, 移居到北美北部, 这是后来的爱斯基摩人。 3.最早到美洲的白种人大概是维京人, 他们是一群喜好 冒险的捕渔人。 4.1492年10月12日 哥伦布发现美洲大陆 （十五世纪） 。
The Founding of the Thirteen Colonies
• During the first 150 years, the British colonies in North America became a “melting pot”. • By the early 1760s, English settlers had established 13 colonies along the Atlanti 联盟，树立正义，保障国内安宁，提 供共同防务，促进公共福利，并使我 们自己和后代得享自由的幸福，特为 美利坚合众国制定本宪法。”
Westward Expansion – “Manifest
Destiny” 西进运动
1. The hardship of early pioneer settlers – Oregon Trail (俄勒冈小道) • The trip on foot took four to six months. •
运动本质： 是一个不断向西部移民、扩张领土的 过程 是一个经济开发过程 是美国工业革命所独具的特点 是美国人民艰苦创业的过程 也是驱杀土著居民印第安人的运动
Slogan
Time
Event
A group of Americans threw 342 boxes of tea into Boston Harbour(波士顿港）.
Introduction to British and American Culture
The War of Independence
Introduction to British and American Culture
1.一个102人的殖民团体, 在乞沙比克海滩建立 了詹姆士镇, 这是英国在北美所建的第一个永久 性殖民地。（五月花号公约） 2.每逢11月第四个星期四，美国人民便迎来了自 己最重要的传统民俗节日——感恩节。 3.18世纪中叶, 13个英国殖民地逐渐形成, 他们 在英国的最高主权下有各自的政府和议会. 这13 个殖民区因气候和地理环境的差异, 造成了各地 经济形态、政治制度与观念上的差别。
Introduction to British and American Culture
The Conflict between Britain and the American Colonists
Background
The British government started imposing new taxes on sugar, coffee and textiles(纺织业) . They passed many laws such as the Quartering Act(驻军法案) and the Stamp Act(印花税法 ).
The Founding of a New Nation 美利坚合众国宪法(The Constitution of the United States)，又称为美国宪法（U.S. Constitution）。美国宪法是世界上第一部成文 宪法。1787年5月，美国各州（当时为13个）代表 在费城(Philadelphia)召开制宪会议，同年9月15 日制宪会议通过《美利坚合众国宪法》。1789年3 月4日，该宪法正式生效。后又附加了27条宪法修 正案。依据第一部宪法，乔治.华盛顿被选举为美 国第一任总统。
西进运动（Westward Movement）是美国人民由北美东 部向西部地区开发、移居的过程。它始自美国建国后 ，当初移民越过阿巴拉契亚山脉，进入密西西比河以 东地区，从19世纪20年代起，移民开始越过密西西比 河，进入美国新扩张的地区，40年代，加利福尼亚发 现金矿，形成移民的“加利福尼亚热”。1857年第一 次世界性经济危机发生，美国东部地区大批工人面临 失业，大量饥民在全国流浪，许多人满怀对土地的渴 望涌向西部。1862年，林肯政府颁布了《宅地法》， 将西进运动推向新高潮。19世纪末20世纪初，西进运 动结束。
Amerigo Vespucci