三大从句之三----名词性从句
高考英语三大从句(名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句)讲解+练习(附答案)
高考英语三大从句讲解+练习（附答案）【名词性从句】名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
因此，名词性从句成分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
（一）引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。
有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。
有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。
3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if。
that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
1. 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。
that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。
例如：What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。
主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。
常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名词+ that从句（2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句（4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that…It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…注意：连词that, whether在从句中不担任句子成分，只起连接作用，不能省略。
三大从句之三----名词性从句
•名词性从句？• 1. 定义？• 2. 分类？• 3. 本质？•• 1.定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）。
•名词在句子中作什么成分？• 1. 主语• 2. 宾语• 3. 表语• 4. 同位语•• 2.分类：•句子• 1. 主语--- 主语从句• 2. 宾语--- 宾语从句• 3. 表语--- 表语从句• 4. 同位语--- 同位语从句•• 3.本质•三种句子充当四种成分••三种句子如何充当四种成分的？••罗伯特矮是真的•Robert is short is true.•一个简单句只有一个谓语。
•That Robert is short is true.•主语从句•That Robert is short is true.头重脚轻•It is true that Robert is short .••主语从句常见结构A. It is +形容词+that 从句（clear, possible, likely, natural, certain, fortunate, necessary, strange…B. It is +名词（短语）+that 从句（a pity, a shame, an honor, a good idea, a miracle…）C. It is +过去分词+that 从句（found, believed, reported, thought…•Exam link•Furthermore, it is obvious that strength of a country’s econ omy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.•2000年考研翻译•翻译练习•It is true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society?•20006年考研阅读text 5•• 1.陈述句充当四种成分(句首加that)• 1.1.主语：That Robert is short is true.• 1.2.宾语:I know that Robert is short.• 1.3.表语:The fact is that Robert is short.• 1.4.同位语:•I know the fact that Robert is short .••2一般疑问句充当四种成分•我想知道罗伯特矮不矮。
三大从句
从句从句按其在主句中的句法功能可分为三类:即名词性从句、形容词性从句(即定语从句)和副词性从句(即状语从句)。
引导从句的词称作关联句。
一、名词性从句引导这些名词性从句的关联词包括:从属连词：that, if, whether;连接代词：who,whoever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,what,whatever,wh ose;连接副词where, when, why, how。
其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分,而连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分.不可省略的连词：1. 介词后的连词2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较：whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。
但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代：1. whether引导主语从句并在句首2. 引导表语从句3. whether从句作介词宾语4. 从句后有"or not"Whether he will come is not clear.The fact is that he didn't go to the dinner party.I don't know if he will attend the meeting.1. 在含有主语从句的复合句中, 为保持句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句置于句末. That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
英语中三大类从句
从句概述
• 从句只能做主句的某一部分,依附于主句 而存在,不能独立。
• 从句也具有句子的特征，即有自己的主 谓结构；而且带有引导词。
• 根据从句在句中的作用，可分为名词性 从句、形容词性（定语）从句和副词性 （状语）从句三类。
一、名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。其关 联词有连词that, if, whether；连接代词what, who, which和连接副 词when, where, why, how等。
Ryan was worrying about whether he had hurt her feelings. ⑶ or not紧随其后时；I don’t care whether or not he has a holiday. ⑷ 后接不定式时。 She can’t decide whether to go.
连接词的用法 (三)
３．Who, whom, whose, what, which
连接代词Who, whom, whose, what, which等 在从句中既起连接作用，又担当主语、宾语、表 语等成分，并保留其特殊疑问词词义。如：
No one knows who he was waiting for. Tell me whose house it is. Let me know which train you will be arriving on.
④ It +v. (seems / happened, etc. )+that-clause It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all. It happened that I was out that day.
英语三大从句类型总结
英语三大从句类型总结总结是在某一时期、某一项目或某些工作告一段落或者全部完成后进行回顾检查、分析评价，从而得出教训和一些规律性认识的一种书面材料，他能够提升我们的书面表达能力，因此十分有必须要写一份总结哦。
总结怎么写才能发挥它的作用呢？下面是小编为大家整理的英语三大从句类型总结，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。
英语三大从句类型总结PART1：英语从句三大类型按一般说法，可分为三大类14种从句。
一,名词性从句1主语从句Whether it's right or not remains to be seen.2宾语从句I wonder whether it's right or not.3同位语从句This is a question whether it's right or not.4表语从句The question is whether it's right or not.二,定语从句1限定性定语从句She is the student who can speak English well.2非限定性定语从句She is the student,who can speak English well.三,状语从句1时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here.2地点状语从句You can go wherever you like.3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student.4方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king.5目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well.6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well.7条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me.8让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little.PART2：经典名词性从句主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。
三大从句知识点
三大从句知识点三大从句是英语语法中的重要知识点，包括名词性从句、形容词性从句和副词性从句。
下面将分别介绍这三种从句的定义、用法和例句。
一、名词性从句名词性从句是在句子中充当名词的成分，可以作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1. 主语从句：在句子中充当主语的从句，常用连接词有that、whether、if等。
例句：That she is not coming is a great disappointment to us.（她不来对我们来说是个很大的失望。
）2. 宾语从句：在句子中充当宾语的从句，常用连接词有that、whether、if等。
例句：I don't know whether he will come or not.（我不知道他是否会来。
）3. 表语从句：在句子中充当表语的从句，常用连接词有that、whether、if等。
例句：The important thing is that we finish the project on time.（重要的是我们要按时完成这个项目。
）4. 同位语从句：用来解释或说明名词或代词的从句，常用连接词有that、whether、if等。
例句：The fact that he lied surprised everyone.（他撒谎的事实让每个人都感到惊讶。
）二、形容词性从句形容词性从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句，常用连接词有who、whom、whose、which、that等。
5. 限制性形容词性从句：对名词或代词进行限制或修饰，不能省略。
例句：The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.（我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。
）6. 非限制性形容词性从句：对名词或代词进行补充说明，用逗号与主句隔开，可以省略。
例句：My sister, who is a doctor, lives in London.（我的妹妹是个医生，住在伦敦。
(完整)高中英语主要要掌握三大从句
高中英语主要要掌握三大从句。
分别是：1、定语从句（形容词从句）2、名词词从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）3、状语从句（副词性从句，包括时间，地点，结果，目的，原因等）一、定语从句：定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。
1、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主词保持一致。
（1）, who, whom, that这些词代替指人，“whom”作宾语指人，“that”既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。
（2），Which 用来指人或物(用作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略）（3），whose“whose”表示谁（可以为人也可以为物）的（东西）2、关系代词引导的定语从句（1），关系副词why主要用于修饰表示原因的名词（主要是the reason），同时它在定语从句中用作原因状语。
（2），关系副词when主要用于修饰表示时间的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作时间状语。
（3），关系副词where主要用于修饰表示地点的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语。
3、非限制性定语从句它起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解。
在非限制性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开。
二、名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses）。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：1、连词（5个）：that （宾语从句或表语从句中that有时可以省略）whether,if （均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性）as if ,as though （均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在从句中均不充当任何成分2、连接代词（9个）：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever3、连接副词（7个）：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however三、状语从句状语从句（Adverbial Clause）状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。
英语的三大从句语法讲解
英语三大从句在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。
定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。
常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。
它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示：先行词主格宾格所有格人who whom whose物which which \人或物that that \（一）关系代词who, whom和whose的用法who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。
An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。
whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。
Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。
The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。
Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of which。
whose window=the window of which，意思是：the window of the hotel。
）（二）关系代词which的用法which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。
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•名词性从句？• 1. 定义？• 2. 分类？• 3. 本质？•• 1.定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）。
•名词在句子中作什么成分？• 1. 主语• 2. 宾语• 3. 表语• 4. 同位语•• 2.分类：•句子• 1. 主语--- 主语从句• 2. 宾语--- 宾语从句• 3. 表语--- 表语从句• 4. 同位语--- 同位语从句•• 3.本质•三种句子充当四种成分••三种句子如何充当四种成分的？••罗伯特矮是真的•Robert is short is true.•一个简单句只有一个谓语。
•That Robert is short is true.•主语从句•That Robert is short is true.头重脚轻•It is true that Robert is short .••主语从句常见结构A. It is +形容词+that 从句（clear, possible, likely, natural, certain, fortunate, necessary, strange…B. It is +名词（短语）+that 从句（a pity, a shame, an honor, a good idea, a miracle…）C. It is +过去分词+that 从句（found, believed, reported, thought…•Exam link•Furthermore, it is obvious that strength of a country’s econ omy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.•2000年考研翻译•翻译练习•It is true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society?•20006年考研阅读text 5•• 1.陈述句充当四种成分(句首加that)• 1.1.主语：That Robert is short is true.• 1.2.宾语:I know that Robert is short.• 1.3.表语:The fact is that Robert is short.• 1.4.同位语:•I know the fact that Robert is short .••2一般疑问句充当四种成分•我想知道罗伯特矮不矮。
•I want to know is Robert short.•一般疑问句--- Yes/No question•是否•whether/if•I want to know whether/if is Robert short.•I want to know whether/if Robert is short.• 2.一般疑问句充当四种成分• a.用whether或if引导。
• b.一般疑问句语序变成陈述语序。
• 2.1.一般疑问句充当主语•Robert矮不矮不重要。
•Whether Robert is short or not is not important.• 2.2.一般疑问句充当宾语•我不知道Robert矮不矮。
•I don’t know whether/if Robert is short.• 2.3.一般疑问句充当表语•我的问题是他矮不矮。
•My question is whether Robert is short or not.• 2.4.一般疑问句充当同位语•我有一个问题就是Robert矮不矮。
•I have a question whether Robert is short or not.•• 3.特殊疑问句别充当四种句子成分• 3.1特殊疑问句充当主语•为什么罗伯特矮不重要。
•Why is Robert short is not important.特殊疑问句变成陈述句语序Why Robert is short is not important.• 3.2特殊疑问句充当宾语•I don’t know why is Robert short.•I don’t know why Robert is short.• 3.3特殊疑问句充当表语•My question is that why is Robert short.•My question is why Robert is short.• 3.4特殊疑问句充当同位语•I have a question why Robert is short.••温故知新•名词从句就是用三种句子来分别充当另外一个句子的四种句子成分。
•三种句子：四种成分：•注意事项•三种句子不是直接放在另个句子中作成分，而是要做以下调整：1）用陈述句作成分时，要在句首加that。
2）用一般问句作成分时，先将疑问句换语序，然后在句首加whether/if。
3）用特殊问句作成分时，只需将疑问句换语序。
•阅读赏析•That the seas are being overfished has been known for years.•（2006年考研text3）•That the plates are moving is not beyond dispute.•（1998年考研Text5）••Decision-making thinking is not unlike poker--it often matters not only what you think , but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think .The mental process is similar. (高考阅读理解)••I know that that “that” that that student wrote on the blackboard is wrong.••We learn from history that we don’t learn from history.•---黑格尔•The only thing that I know is that I know nothing.•同位语从句&定语从句•I know the fact that he doesn't know.•I know the fact that he doesn't know the secret.•••I have a dream that one day the rough place will be made plain.•I have a dream. It is a dream （that is）deeply rooted in the American Dream. •---马丁.路德金《我有一个梦想》••同位语从句• 1.来源：同位语（L4）→同位语从句• 2.定义：一个句子讲述被修饰名词的内容• 3.引导词：that• 4.标志词：news，dream, fact, suggestion，advice，idea，report，proposition... •同位语从句• 2.与定语从句区别：• a.一个是名词性从句，说明名词内容；一个是形容词从句，限定修饰先行词。
• b.引导词一个在从句中不做成分；一个在从句中做成分•一句话区别：•同位语从句就是that后面跟一个完整的句子。
•We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal，that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness…•The Declaration of Independence ---《独立宣言》••Our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. •(…这个国家孕育于自由之中，奉行人人生而平等的原则) ---《葛底士堡演说》••真题链接• A good friend of mine from I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing．•A．how B．whom C．where D．which•(2009安徽卷)••At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see ___ it got any better.• A. when B. how• C. why D. if•(2009北京卷)•She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do ______ it takes to save her life. • A. whichever B. however• C. whatever D. whoever•(2009湖南卷)••Many young people in the West are expected to leave ____ could be life’s most important decision --- marriage --- almost entirely up to luck.• A. as B. that• C. which D. what•(09江苏卷)••The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.• A. what B. which• C. that D. though•(09江西卷)••Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?• A. who B. what• C. whoever D. whatever•(09全国I)••The little girl who got lost decided to remain _______she was and wait for her mother.• A. where B. what• C. how D. who•(09山东卷)••The book can be of help to wants to do the job.• A who B whomever• C no matter who D whoever•(09陕西卷)••It is not immediately clear _______ the financial crisis will soon be over.• A. since B. what• C. when D. whether•(09上海卷)••As a new diplomat，he often thinks of ______ he can react more appropriately on such occasions.• A. what B. which• C. that D. how•(09上海卷)••News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.• A. which B. what• C. that D. where•(2009四川卷)••I wonder ________ you’ll water this kind of flower.•—Every other day.• A. how often B. how long C. how soon D. how much •(2009四川卷)••It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future. • A. as B. which• C. whether D. that•(2009天津卷)••Is there any possibility you could pick me up at the airport ?•—No problem• A. when B. that• C. whether D. what•(2009浙江卷)••We should consider the students’ request _______the school library provide more books on popular science.• A. that B. when• C. which D. where•(2009重庆卷)••Concerns were raised ___ witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to ensure guilty verdicts.• A. what B. when C. which D. that•Prof. Lee’s book will show you ___ can be used in other contexts.• A. that you have observed• B. that how you have observed• C. how that you have observed• D. how what you have observed•1993年考研•阅读•But what we forget--- what our economy depends on us forgetting --- is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain.•(2006年text 4)••阅读练习•In Illness as Metaphor---published in 1978, after she suffered cancer---she argued against the idea that cancer was somehow a special problem of repressed personalities, a concept that effectively blamed the victim for the disease. •(2006年湖南，E)••2001年考研第49题完型••阅读赏析•What researchers such as Ransom Myers Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing.•(2006年考研阅读第三篇)••翻译练习•No one is in the least interested in the marks a little child gets on his test; what we are interested in is whether we can conclude form his mark on the test that the child will do better or worse than other children of his age at tasks which we think require “general intelligence.”•1992年英译汉••主语从句（汉译英练习）•我们是否能够成功取决于我们的努力。