2018年江苏省专转本英语阅读理解的题目特点及技巧

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2018考研英语阅读理解新题型命题特点及解题思路

2018考研英语阅读理解新题型命题特点及解题思路

2018考研英语阅读理解新题型命题特点及解题思路2018考研英语阅读理解新题型命题特点及解题思路英语阅读理解,又有了新题型在考研英语考试试卷上,大家有什么解题思路么?下面是店铺给大家整理的2018考研英语阅读理解新题型命题特点及解题思路,供大家参阅!2018考研英语阅读理解新题型命题特点及解题思路第一,新题型主要是考察考生对考点空格前后句子关联的把握。

因此要很好地把握文章里单句之间的关系,因为这种关系很重要,以方便考察两种题。

一是七选五,二是段落排序。

第二,新题型主要是从全局角度考察大家对文章逻辑的把握,要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系,理解句子之间、段落之间的关系,对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握,并具备运用语法知识分析和理解长难句的能力。

和阅读的Part A部分不一样,新题型可以多做点模拟题目,因为这种题目模拟题与真题的偏差相对会比较小。

第三,要提升考生概括和提炼段落大意的能力。

一段文章,总体上讲的是什么?怎么样用简单、简洁的语言把这一段文章的总体意思概括起来,这是段落标题类。

在一个段落里面,我们如何把握总体上讲了什么东西,这是我们考生平常阅读里欠缺的一个能力。

建议大家多多练习提炼段落大意的能力,可以尝试每次看完一个段落就用简短汉语或者英文把段落主旨写在段落旁边。

此外,要想新题型拿高分,建议考生在复习过程中还要注意做到以下几个做题基本技巧:1、浏览选项。

浏览选项说的直白些,就是找选项的第一句话,抓关键句中的主题词。

这些主题词的词性多以名词、动词为特点。

尤其要注意其中的专属名词和标志词。

如人名、地名、连接词、数字等。

通过这些词我们往往能反推出文章里应该有的内容,如果能找到这样的内容,答案就会十分清楚。

因此我们建议大家在浏览选项时,将主题词和信号词找出并划记下来,然后再向下做题。

2、重点排查。

有些题目,在看第一遍时,就可以凭知识、阅历选出答案。

然后在接下来的题目当中,我们就可以按顺序做题了。

2018年江苏高考英语专题二完形填空:第一步技法精准剖析

2018年江苏高考英语专题二完形填空:第一步技法精准剖析

考情分析2015—2017高考江苏卷完形填空体裁及话题等考查统计表2015—2017高考江苏卷完形填空词类考查统计表技巧一 上览下索——细寻信息完形填空的设题特点就是在对上下文语境理解的基础上设题,考查学生的语言运用能力,因此答案信息点有的在设空前,有的在设空后,有的在前文,有的在后文,甚至前后都出现,故需综合地上览下索来印证信息点;有时,甚至要根据上下文提供的信息,结合常识,进行适当的逻辑推理,才可以得出正确答案。

总之,不管题目难易,都一定会在上下文中找到线索与答案。

(一)上下文语境的信息寻找 典例1 (2017·江苏片段)40.However ,one day ,in the music class that was 41 of his school’s standard curriculum ,he was playing idly(随意地) on the piano and found it 42 to pick out tunes.With a sinking feeling ,he realized that he actually 43 doing it.He tried to hide his 44.obvious pleasure from the music teacher ,who had 45.wandered over to listen. 41.A.part B .nature C .basis D .spirit答案 A解析 考查名词。

the music class 与school’s standard curriculu m(学校的标准课程)是部分与整体的关系。

故选A 。

42.plicated B .safe C .confusingD .easy答案 D解析考查形容词。

根据下文“actually...tried to hide...pleasure”中的词或词组可以看出,Gabriel在音乐中找到了快乐,并试图隐藏这份愉悦,由此可知,他发现分辨出曲调是一件很容易的事。

2018江苏专转本英语真题+问题详解

2018江苏专转本英语真题+问题详解

2018江苏专转本英语真题+问题详解江苏省2015年普通高校专转本选拔考试英语试题卷(非英语类专业)Part I Reading Comprehension (共20小题,每小题2分,共40分) Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choicesmarked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line throughthe center.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.This course is for those who want to learn to type, as well as those who want to improve their typing. The course is not common. You are tested in the first class and begin practicing at one of eight different skill levels. This allows you to learn at your own speed. Each program lasts 20 hours. Bring your own paper.Course fee: $125 Materials: $25Two hours each evening for two weeks. New classes begin every two weeks. This course is taught by a number of professional business education teachers who have successfully taught trying courses before.UNDERSTANDING COMPUTERSThis twelve-hour course is for people who do not know very much about computers, but who need to learn about them. You will learn what computers are, what t hey can and can’t do andhow to use them.Course fee: $75 Jan.4,7,11,14,18Wed. & Sat. 9:00-11:30 a.m. Equipment fee: $10David is a professor of Computer Science at Beijing University. He has over twenty years of experience in computer field.STOP SMOKINGDo you want to stop smoking? Have you already tried to stop and failed? Now is the time to stop smoking using the latest methods. You can stop smoking, and this twelve-hour course will help you do it.Course fee: $30 Jan.2.9,16,23 Mon.2:00-5:00 p.m.Dr John is a practicing psychologist who has helped hundreds of people stop smoking successfully.1. If you choose the U course NDERSTANDING COMPUTERS, you will have classes_______.A. from Monday to SundayB. on Wednesday and SaturdayC. on Saturday and SundayD. on weekend evenings2. .How long will the course STOP SMOKING last each time?A. Four weeks.B. Three hours.C. A week.D. Twenty hours3. Mr. Black works every morning and evening, but he wants to take part in one of the three courses. Which one is suitable for him?A.TYPINGB. UNDERSTANDING COMPUTERSC. STOP SMOKINGD. None4. If you want to take UNDERSTANDING COMPUTERS and TYPING, you will pay ______.A. $75.B. $150.C. $235D. $3605. What’s the difference between the course TYPING and the other two?A. People at different skill levels may learn at different speed.B. You will take a test after the course.C. You will pay the same amount.D. You need to be equipped with computer knowledge.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.If I had the ability to change one thing about American society, my decisionwould not be a difficult one. I would ban television.I grew up a couch potato. Looking back, it seems I hardly read anything else at all—I watched TV almost seven hours a day.There are so many good reasons for you to be a couch potato. Television is good before-breakfast entertainment. Television is good after-school entertainment. Television is good before-bed entertainment. Everybody watches it, so you have to watch it too in order to talk about it with friends. Otherwise you cannot say a word, which makes you look like an idiot.But when I stopped watching television completely several months ago, I found that I had become a more reflective person, simply because I had more time to think. Television had stopped stuffing its ideas into my head. I was thinking of my childhood,and to my disappointment, I found that it could be summed up adequately in one sentence: “I watched a lot of TV.”And I wasted too much of my youth that I cannot have back. I will never be more imaginative than I was in my childhood.Now I can totally resist the temptation of TV no matter how marvelous the programs are, and I’m entering into a new stage of life. In the meantime, I’d hope that all couc h potatoes would turn off their TV. But I am afraid that with more and more attractive TV programs, I’m not going to be the last person in this country to idle away the best years of life sitting passively in front of a television.6. A couch potato is someone who ______.A. spends much time sitting and watching TVB. plants potatoC. plants potato in the couchD. sits in a couch eating potato7. People watch TV so much because ______.A. television is good before breakfast entertainmentB. television is good after-school entertainmentC. television is good before-bed entertainmentD. All of the above8. According to the passage, people will ______ if they stop watching TV.A. fill themselves with idea on TVB. be more lazy and relaxedC. have more time to thinkD. not look back at their childhood9. Which of the following is NOT true of the author?A. The author had watched television a lot.B. The author had wasted too much of his youth.C. The author will never be more imaginative than he was in his childhood.D. The author is determined to go on watching television.10. The phrase “idle away”(Para.5) probably means “______”.A. spend time in a different wayB. spend time in a relaxed wayC. enter a new stageD. watch televisionPassage ThreeQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.If we were asked exactly what we were doing a year ago,we should probably have to say that we could not remember. But if we had kept a book and had written in it an account of what we did each day, we should be able to give an answer to the question.It is the same in history. Many things have been forgotten because we do not have any written account of them. Sometimes men did keep a record of the most important happenings in their country,but often it was destroyed by fire or in a war. Sometimes there was never any written record at all because the people of that time and place did not know how to write. For example, we know a good deal about the people who lived in China 4,000 years ago, because they could write and leave written records for those who lived after them. But we know almost nothing about the people who lived even 200 years ago in central Africa because they hadnot learned to write.Sometimes, of course, even if the people cannot write, they may know something of the past. They have heard about it from older people and often songs and dances and stories have beenmade about the most important happenings, and these have been sung and acted and told for many generations, for most people are proud to tell what their fathers did in the past. This we may call ?remembered history”. Some of it has now been written down. It is not so exact or so valuable to us as written history is, because words are much more easily changed when used again and again in speech than when copied in writing. But if there are no written records, such spoken stories are often very helpful.11. Which of the following is NOT suggested in the passage?A. Written history is more reliable.B. Written records play an important role in learning about history.C. A written account of our daily activities helps to answer many questions.. D. Where there are no written records, there is no history.12. Little is known about the central Africa 200 years ago because ______.A. there was nothing worth writing down at that timeB. people there ignored the importance of keeping a recordC. people there did not know how to writeD. the written records were perhaps destroyed by a fire13. “Remembered history”refers to ______.A. history based on a person’s imaginationB. stories of important happenings passed down from mouth to mouthC. songs and dances about the most important events.D. both B and C14. “Remembered history”is regarded as valuable only when ______.A. it is written downB. No written account is availableC. it proves to be timelyD. People are interested in it15. It is suggested that we could have learned more about our past if ancient people had ______.A. kept a written record of every past eventB. burnt their written records in warsC. told exact stories of the most important happeningsD. made more songs and dancesPassage FourQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.NOT all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive experiences in nightmares.Now American researchers are developing a pill which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase the effect of painful memories.In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it. Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers' troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.“Some memories can ruin people's lives. They come back to you when you don't want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions,”said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School.“This could relieve a lot of that suffering.”But those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity. They also help us avoid the mistakes of the past.“All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but they can make us who we are. I'm not sure we want to wipe thos e memories out,”said Rebecca Dresser ,a medical ethicist.16. The drug tested on people can ______.A. help cure brain damageB. stop people remembering bad experiencesC. stop the body producing certain chemicalsD. wipe out the emotional effects of memories17. According to the supporters of the pills, ______.A. the pills might relieve people of troubling memoriesB. the pills could help people avoid mistakesC. taking the pill will do harm to people’s healthD. the pills should be produced in American soon18. The word “they”(Para.6) refers to ______.A. the researchersB. the people on testC. memoriesD. mistakes19. Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with?A. Some memories can ruin people’s lives.B. People want to get rid of bad memories.C. Experiencing bad events makes us different from others.D. The pill will reduce people’s sufferings from bad memories.20. The passage is mainly about ______.A. an argument about the research on the pillB. a new research on the pillC. a way of deleting painful memoriesD. a new medical inventionPart II Vocabulary and Structure (共40小题,每小题1分,共40分)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completesthe sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the center.21. The patient was warned ______ oily food after the operation, but he wouldn’t listen.A. to eat notB. eating notC. not to eatD. not eating22. Feeling something wrong with our car, we pulled over. Not until then ______ ithad been badly damaged.A. did we findB. found weC. we foundD. we did find23. The girl was so ______ at her father’s decision about her marriage that she had abitter quarrel with him.A. disappointingB. disappointedC. delightedD. exciting24. I don’t think you can work out the maths problem ____the teacher’s help.A. withoutB. unlessC. becauseD. since25. If you are unable to attend the meeting, for ______ reason, you should inform us in advance.A. whateverB. whereverC. howeverD. whoever26. ______he will enter the speech contest has not been decided yet.A. IfB. ThatC. WhetherD. Which27. --- I must apologize for ______ the meeting ahead of time.--- That’s all right.A. letting you not knowB. not letting you knowC. letting you know notD. letting not you know28. My son seemed not to have understood what I meant,______really upset me.A. thatB. itC. whatD. which29. We came early and had to wait for one hour before the wedding ceremony began. We ______.A. should not hurryB. need not have hurriedC. must not have hurriedD. need not hurry30. There ______ no money left for our project, we had to change our plan.A. beingB. hadC. wereD. are31. It was not until she had arrived home ______ she remembered her appointmentwith the doctor.A. thatB. andC. whichD. then32. He had decided to buy a newly made car, so he sold his old car ______ only 500 dollars.A. withB. onC. byD. for33. The teacher of physical education told us that the football match ______ if itrained.A. will be put offB. would be put offC. would put offD. will put off34. It is generally believed that ______ exercise you do, the healthier you will become.A. much moreB. the muchC. muchD. the more35. Many children think that if there were not so many examinations, they shouldhave ______ at school.A. the most happiest timeB. a more happier timeC. much happy timeD. a much happier time36. While ______ the mountain area, all the men carried guns lest they should beattacked by wild animals.A. crossingB. crossedC. they crossD. to cross37. ______ our great relief, his illness was not so serious as we had thought.A. InB. WithC. AtD. T o38. If he were you, he ______ take the task that you are unwilling to do..A. willB. canC. wouldD. must39. The middle aged woman rushed to the bus station only ______ that the last bushad gone.A. findingB. to findC. foundD. finds40. Busy as she was, she made ______ her duty to help her old neighbors.A. thisB. thatC. oneD. it41. It is urgent to find an ______ secretary since the general manager is gettingbusier than before.A. effectiveB. efficientC. affectD. effect42. Experts advise that parents should develop a sense of______ in their childrenA. intelligenceB. indifferenceC. reactionD. responsibility43. The present policy in China has ______ further co-operation with many other countries.A. electedB. entertainedC. enteredD. enabled44. Fortunately, the new government has made great ______ to fight against theofficial corruption.A. translationB. temperatureC. determinationD. claim45. When businessmen first meet, they often ______ their cards with personalinformation for further contact.A. exchangeB. touchC. changeD. ignore46. The purpose of this article is to draw ______ to the problems faced by single parents.A. satisfactionB. attentionC. competitionD. emotion47. He is late for class with all kinds of excuses, but today he is ______ excuses.A. sorry forB. curious aboutC. short ofD. keen on48. The ______ of private cars in our country has been rising dramatically these years.A. amountB. numberC. sameD. score49. ______ pets is an emotional journey which helps people to connect with andreact to the world.A. Putting offB. Carrying outC. Caring forD. Passing away50. Two-thirds of young people go to bed with their phones nearby, for they’reafraid they’ll ______ something important.A. missB. haveC. cancelD. pass51. This research team was firmly ______ the possibility of life on other planets.A. convinced ofB. decided onC. controlled byD. talked of52. He left Manchester with the ______ of finding a job in London when he was 25.A. cautionB. applicationC. intentionD. function53. It is of great importance for college students to have an ______ character and seta clear goal.A. independentB. ignorantC. indifferentD. impatient54. You had better stay home in bed since yo u haven’t ______ recovered from theoperation.A. equallyB. excitedlyC. completelyD. confidently55. ______ the pilots’strike, all flights have had to be cancelled.A. As a matter ofB. As a ruleC. As thoughD. As a result of56. The flood in 1941 was so severe that many people inthese villages were made ______.A. homesickB. homelessC. hopefulD. healthful57. Being a southerner, she has always ______ going to the north to see snow.A. carried onB. called offC. taken offD. dreamed of58. Our education system should offer ______ opportunities for all children.A. calmB. especialC. equalD. careful59. Since he started working at the age of 20, he has not ______ turned to his father for money.A. everB. neverC. badlyD. already60. Small grocery stores are going out of business in the face of fierce ______ fromthe large supermarket chains.。

2018年江苏省专转本英语作文评分标准及写作段落展开

2018年江苏省专转本英语作文评分标准及写作段落展开

作文评分标准2分—条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误,且多数为严重错误。

5分—基本切题。

表达思想不清楚,连贯性差。

有较多的严重语言错误。

8分—基本切题。

有些地方表达思想不够清楚,文字勉强连贯;语言错误相当多,其中有一些是严重错误。

11分—切题。

表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。

14分—切题。

表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性较好,基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错。

字数不足应酌情扣分(注: 白卷/作文与题目毫不相关/ 或只有几个孤立的词汇而无法表达思想,则给0分)字数不足应酌情扣分:字数110-119 100-109 90-99 80-89 70-79 60-69 50-59 <49扣分 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9( 注: 1. 如题目中给出主题句,起始句, 结束句,均不计入所写字数2. 规定的内容没写全者,按比列扣分3. 如果扣为0分, 要慎重处理)写作须知第一,首先必须熟悉英语写作具体要求。

英语考试要求考生在30分钟内写出120字的文章。

体材主要有议论文(分为“Topic题型”和A&B又称“正反观点题”)应用文(主要是书信)、图表文等。

针对不同的体裁,写作思路是不同的。

比如,以议论文举例来说:1.议论文写作思路2.议论文分类:阐述主题型作文(Topic);正反观点型作文(A&B)3.阐述主题型作文写作:(这类题型作文要求从一句话或一个主题出发,按照提纲的要求进行论述)(1)基本写作格式5. 正反观点型作文(A&B)(这类题型作文通常从正反两方面来分别论述,最后得出你自己的结论。

采用论点加论据写作形式。

)(1)基本写作格式第二,熟悉英语写作的几个重要概念。

1.英语文章段落结构特点英语文章段落结构一般有三部分构成:主题句+扩展句+结尾句(1)主题句:所谓主题句,就是英语文章段落的中心思想句。

它是英语文章段落的灵魂,在英语文章段落中居于主导地位。

我们都知道英语文章一般喜欢开门见山,所以主题句一般位于英语文章段落的句首。

2018江苏高考英语全方位分析

2018江苏高考英语全方位分析

2018江苏高考英语全方位分析(40页)——阅读和任务型阅读理解一、写在阅读理解前面的心得一、理解课标的说明:要理解阅读理解的命题趋势,必须先认真研读最新课标说明对语篇知识的内容要求,可能一说到语篇,总有点高深的样子,其实,真正落实到操作中,就是课标里的措施,请看下面加粗部分文字。

关键还是实践,实践多了,根本不需要记忆这些,一切自然发生。

课程类别语篇知识内容要求必修1.记叙文和说明文语篇的主要写作目的(如:再现经历、传递信息、说明事实、想象创作)以及这类语篇的主需语篇结构征(如:该类语篇的必要组成部分和可选组成部分、各组成部分的顺序等);2.日常生活中常见应用文的基本格式、结构及语言特点;3.新闻报道的常见语航结构、标思特征和语言特点;4.语篇中的显性衔接和连手段,如:通过使用代词、连接词、省略句、替代等手段来实现的指代、连接、省略、替代等衔接关系;5.语篇中段首句、主题句、过渡句的作用、位置及行文特征;6.语境在语篇理解和语篇产出过程中的作用;语境与话篇结构、语篇内容的关系,比如,通过语境预测语篇内容,通过语篇的内容推测语篇发生的语境。

选择性必修1.散文、歌、广告、访谈等语篇的主要目的(如:表达情感、娱乐、获取或传造信息)以及这些语篇类的的语篇结构特征;2.论文语篇的主零写作目的及其主要语篇结构特征和论证方法;3.文学语篇的写作风格和主语言特征;4.正式与非正式语篇、口头与书面语篇的语言特征及差异;5.语篇中的信息组织方式。

如:语篇中新旧信息的布局及承接关系;6.语法结构在组织语篇中的作用,如:通过使用被动语态或调整主从复合句中主和从句的位置。

在句子中合理安排重要信息的位置,以提高语篇的连贯性;7.语意成分(如:句子、句群、段落)之间的语义逻辑关系,如:次序关系、因果关系、概括与例证关系。

选修(提高类)1.公文、社论、书评等语篇类型的主要写作目的(如:传递信息、论证观点、评析事实)和语篇结构特征;2.实用类正式文体(如,提议、建议、工作计划、工作报告)的语篇结构、语言特征和行文格式;3.专愿讲座、演讲、辩论等正式口语篇的结和语言特征;4.语篇中话语标记语的语篇功能及常见用法;5.比喻、拟人、强调、反讽、张、对仗等修辞手段在语篇中的表意功能及常见用法;6.语篇中的隐性衔接和连贯手段,比如,在不使用but和however等连接性词语的情况下实现转折、对比等语义逻辑关系;7.多模态语篇的呈现形式和手段,如:语篇中的非文字表意形式和手段(图片、表格、语音和语调)的表意功能。

2018江苏省专转本英语模考卷(带解析)

2018江苏省专转本英语模考卷(带解析)

2017专转本英语全真模拟卷(二)第I卷(共100分)Part I Reading Comprehension(共20小题,每小题2分.共40分)Directions:In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by four comprehension questions.Read the passage and answer the questions. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.Passage OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Some years ago the captain of a ship was very interested in medicine. He always took medicine books to sea and liked to talk about different diseases.One day a lazy sailor on his ship pretended to be ill. He lay onhis bunk(铺) and groaned as if he were very sick. The captain came to see him and was very pleased to have a patient to look after. He told the man to rest for a few days and made the other sailors do his work. Three days later another sailor pretended that he had something wrong with his chest. Once more the captain looked in his medical books and told the “sick” man to have a rest.The other sailors were very angry because they had more work to do. The patients had the best food and laughed at their friends when the captain was not looking. At last the mate(船长副手) decided to cure the “sick” men. He mixed up some soap, soot(烟灰), glue(胶水) and other unpleasant things. Then he obtained permission from the captain togive his medicine to the “sick” men. When they tasted the medicine, they really did feel ill. It was so horrible that one of the patients jumped out of his bunk, ran up on deck and climbed the highest mast on the ship. He did not want any more medicine.The mate told both of the men that they must take the medicineevery half an hour, night and day. This soon cured them. They both said they felt better and wanted to start work again. The captain realizedthat the men tried to deceive him so he made them work very hard for the rest of the voyage.1. The first sailor pretended to be ill because he wanted to ______.A. test the captain’s knowledge of medicineB. be free from workC. have the best food on the shipD. play a joke on his friends2. When the captain knew a sailor was ill, he ______.A. didn’t care muchB. sent for a doctorC. looked after him and told him to have a restD. gave him some medicine3. The patients felt better quickly because ______.A. they had been given proper treatmentB. they learned that the captain had found out the truthC. they were laughed at by their friendsD. the medicine the mate gave them was horrible4. When the captain knew he had been deceived, he ______.A. told them not to do so againB. lost his temperC. made them work harderD. fired them5. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?A. A Sudden Cure.B. Two Patients.C. Captain and Sailors.D. A Difficult Voyage.Passage TwoQuestions 6 to l0 are based on the following passage:When aluminum was first produced about a hundred and fifty years ago, it was so difficult to separate from the ores (矿石) in which it was found that its price was higher than that of gold. The price remained high until a new process was discovered for refining the metal with the aid of electricity approximately three quarters of a century later. The new method was so much cheaper that aluminum became practical for many purposes, one of which was making pots and pans.Aluminum is lightweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different forms. By mixing it with other metals, scientist have been able to produce a variety of alloys, some of which have the strength of steel but weigh only one third as much.Today, the uses of aluminum are innumerable. Perhaps its most important use is in transportation. Aluminum is found in the engines of automobiles, in the hulls of boats. It is also used in many parts of airplanes. In fact, the huge “airbus” planes would probably never have been produced if aluminum did not exist. By making vehicles lighter in weight aluminum has greatly reduced the amount of fuel needed to move them. Aluminum is also being used extensively in the building industryin some countries.Since aluminum is such a versatile (多用的) metal, it is fortunate that bauxite (铝土矿), which is one of its chief sources, is also one of the earth’s most plentiful substances. As the source of aluminum is almost inexhaustible, we can expect that more and more uses will be found for this versatile metal.继续阅读。

专升本英语阅读理解技巧汇总

专升本英语阅读理解技巧汇总

专升本英语阅读理解技巧汇总1、事实细节题这类题型一般有两个特征:一是直接理解性题目。

这种题目比较简单,只要通读全文,了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节,就可以解答出来,有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案;二是隐形题目,这要求对文中难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对上下文提供的语境和信息,做出准确、立体的理解和判断。

常见的命题形式:①What is called "food miles" according to this passage?②Which of the following is true according to the passage?解题方法:读题干,明确题目问的是什么;定位。

带着问题读原文,找到题目出现的位置;根据语境和句子认真分析、推理,选出正确答案。

2、主旨大意题阅读理解是对整个文章的目的、意图、观点立场、态度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解,而不是断章取义,所以统览全篇的问题是很有必要的,这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要细节。

在统览全篇的同时要注意抓住文章的中心大意,捕捉主题句。

常见的命题形式①The main idea of this text may be...②This passage is mainly about...③The author's purpose in writing this text...④Which of the following is the best title for the passage?⑤What's the topic of the text?⑥The passage gives us is...解题方法:把握全段、文思想;留意,关注段首、段尾或位于段中的句子,捕捉主题句;不能断章取义,要在细读全文的基础上,结合背景知识、生活常识等推理、判断,从而获取文章中隐藏的信息。

3、猜测词义题这类问题主要考查学生根据上下文推测和判断生词、短语或句子在阅读材料中含义的能力。

专升本英语阅读理解答题技巧

专升本英语阅读理解答题技巧

专升本英语阅读理解答题技巧专升本英语阅读理解,那可真是不少小伙伴心中的“老大难”。

就像爬山,看着那高高的山峰,心里直犯嘀咕。

不过别怕,我这儿有不少小窍门呢。

做阅读理解,就像是去一个陌生的地方探险。

咱得先把地图看清了,也就是得先快速浏览一遍文章。

这浏览啊,可不是让你一个字一个字地精读,就像你去逛街,先大致看看这条街都有啥店铺一样。

你得知道这文章大概是讲啥的,是讲科技新发现呢,还是讲一段有趣的历史故事。

这时候你眼睛就像小雷达,扫过标题、开头、结尾还有每段的开头句。

这些地方就像是宝藏的线索,能让你对文章有个初步的印象。

那遇到生词咋办呢?生词就像是路上的小石子,偶尔会绊你一下。

但你不能被它绊倒就不走了呀。

有时候你可以根据上下文猜猜这个词的意思。

比如说,“The man is so stingy that he never buys his friends a drink.”你看,就算你不知道“stingy”这个词啥意思,但是后面说他从不给朋友买饮料,那你大概就能猜到这个词是形容人小气、吝啬的。

这就好比你看到一个人穿着厚厚的棉袄,戴着大棉帽,在大夏天里还直喊冷,你虽然不知道他到底怎么了,但你能猜到他可能是身体有点毛病,特别怕冷。

再来说说题目类型。

有些题目就像是找宝藏的直接指令,它会直接问你文章里的某个细节。

这时候你就得像个细心的侦探,回到文章里去找那个对应的地方。

比如说题目问你主人公是在哪一年发现那个神秘的岛屿的,那你就得回文章里去找到提到年份的地方。

这就像你妈让你找家里的钥匙,她告诉你就在客厅的桌子上,那你就直接去客厅桌子找就对了。

还有一种题目是让你推断作者的意图或者文章的主旨。

这就有点像猜谜语了。

你得把文章当成一个整体来看,就像看一幅大拼图,你不能只盯着一块小碎片。

你得把所有的线索都拼凑起来。

比如说一篇文章讲了环境污染的各种现象,然后又提到了一些环保的措施,虽然文章没有直接说,但你能推断出作者可能是想呼吁大家保护环境。

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实用标准文案英语阅读理解题特点及技巧一、阅读理解题的选材与命题特点近几年的英语试卷保持了“稳中有变,变中求新,立足语篇”的基本命题思路。

在阅读理解方面主要考查考生理解主旨要义、理解文中具体信息、根据上下文推断词义、根据短文判断和推理、理解文章的基本结构以及理解作者的意图与态度等方面的能力。

现以卷I为例,谈谈阅读理解题的选材及命题特点。

1.对语篇领悟能力的检测仍是高考的重点和基本点英语阅读理解着重检测考生对语篇的整体把握能力、根据所提供的语境进行语篇分析的能力以及综合利用有效信息解决实际问题的能力。

在近几年的高考中,涉及较低能力要求的事实性和细节性考题的比例虽呈上升趋势,但词义猜测、推理判断和主旨概括等深层次试题仍占很大比重。

2.选材更趋多样化、现代化和生活化,突显语言与文化相结合的特点就体裁而言,阅读材料所选择的文段涉及叙述体、论说体和应用体等多种文体;选材风格保静予连续性,既注重题材的多样化、现代化和生活化,又较为综合地反映了政治、经济、文化和生活的各个方面,贴近生活,贴近时代,体现了“语言是文化的载体”这一重要理念。

3.阅读材料更趋于“原汁原味”,设问方式更加深入阅读材料基本保留了其原有的语言风格,文章的展开不再是平铺直叙,而是兼有倒叙、插叙等多种方式;一词多义、熟词生义、多种时态的混用、结构复杂的长句、省略句以及插入语等语言现象比较常见。

阅读材料的文化含量加大,文章的行文风格更具英语语言的特点,文章的遣词造句也更加地道,许多考生通常要反复阅读几遍才能读懂。

二、阅读理解题答案与干扰项关系的分析正确的选项往往是命题人员把阅读材料的内容或信息用不同的语言形式再现出来。

一般而言,答案项的设置有以下几种方法:(1) 选用原文中的词句;(2) 使用原文词句的同义词或相似结构;(3) 使用原文词句的反义词或相反结构;(4) 答案项是对生词、长句或难旬的解释;(5) 答案项是对原文词句或段落的归纳、推理或演绎;(6) 使用原文的上下义结构,如用“科学”涵盖“计算机、航天、发明、电子”等概念。

干扰项的设置通常有以下几种方式:1. 张冠李戴命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来,题干问的是作者的观点,选项中出现的却是他人的观点;或者题干问的是他人的观点,却把作者的观点放到选项中去。

以题“The author planned to stop at Oklahoma City______.”为例。

此题乍看C项“to pay at the cash register”和D项“to have more gas for his car”都对,因为原文中有这么一句“While I Was standing in line at the cash register,I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas”。

很明显作者是停下来付款加油时,偶遇一对老夫妇并问好,似乎选项C和D本身都没错,但题干问的是“作者计划在俄克拉荷马市逗留的原因”,如果考生没有理解题干,就会误选C项或D项。

正确选项应为A项“to visit a friend”。

2. 偷梁换柱干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇,却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇,造成句意的改变。

“It can be inferred that greyhounds_______. ”为例。

此题乍看应选B项“like staying in bed all day”,因为原文中有这么一句“especially they would much rather be at home in bed than walking around outside”. 殊不知选项中加了“all day”,使意思绝对化了。

正确选项应为D项“need some exercise outdoors”。

考生若注意不到此细节的变化,势必造成失分。

3. 无中生有干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点,但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点,这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。

“We may infer from the last two paragraphs that______. ”为例。

干扰项C项“English courses are necessary for foreign students”就是这种情况,而正确答案应为A项“different teaching methods should be used”。

解答这类考题时考生还应注意问题中有无“In the author’s opinion”或“According to the passage”之类的限定语。

4. 以偏概全考生在做猜测文章中心思想、给文章添加标题或判断推理题时,往往会犯以偏概全的错误。

产生这类错误的原因是考生受思维定势的影响或考虑不周,以局部代替整体。

其具体表现为合理关联与不合理关联、准确概括与不准确概括之间的错位。

不合理关联就是表层理解与深层理解相混淆。

表层理解是对文章中客观事实的感知和记忆,往往是文章直接表述的结论;深层理解则是对文章中的客观事实进行逻辑推理、总结或概括后得出的结论。

例如,“What did Loftus find out from her research?”的正确答案为B项“People Can be led to believe in something false.”。

而误选C项“People tend to forget their childhood experiences. ”的考生显然是根据文中“it came up with an account of their early childhood experiences… The researchers then changed this detail into a manufactured memory through leading questions”的信息得出的,但它只不过是表层信息,其对原文信息的转述并不全面。

不准确概括是指不能准确地按题目要求概括或提取文中的表层或深层信息。

例如,“What is the text mainly about______.”的正确答案为D项“Life after retirement”。

干扰项A项“Learning to paint in later life”与C项“An artist turned teacher”极具迷惑性,但它们只是文章中的某个细节信息。

考生如果不清楚细节信息与短文主题之间的关系,就容易犯概括不准确的错误。

三、阅读理解题的解题思路与技巧解答阅读理解题的总体思路是:单句人手。

语篇突破,着眼整体,归纳推断。

一般有以下两种阅读顺序(P=Passage,Q=Question):(1) P—Q—P:即先看文章,后看问题,再通过阅读文章来解答问题。

这是考生常用的按部就班的阅读方式。

其特点是有利于考生把握文章的主旨和作者的态度。

但采用这种阅读方式的考生往往阅读速度较慢,因此难以在阅读时积极主动地预测文章内容。

(2) Q—P—Q:即先将问题看一遍,然后带着问题去阅读文章,最后答题。

其特点是针对性强,节省答题时间,比较适用于解答事实性和细节性的问题,但是解答主旨性和推断性问题的效果不明显。

P—Q—P方式或Q—P—Q方式的采用因人而异,无优劣之分。

当然,题型不同,解题的方法也应有所不同。

常用的解题技巧有以下几种:1. 正选法与排除法正选法即根据所读材料内容从正面选择最佳答案。

如果在有些情况下从正面选择答案有困难,考生则可以考虑选用排除法,即排除四个选项中的三个错误选项,那么剩下的选项即为正确答案。

排除法是解答阅读理解题的常用方法,对于那些不合情理或荒谬的选项、与短文内容相反的选项、与短文内容不相关的选项、虽在短文中出现但答非所问的选项,以及不是问题的主要因素的选项等,都可以采用排除法。

考生可以遵循如下“三级思考”的方法排除干扰项:(1) 如果干扰项明显与文章相矛盾,即为“误”,可以直接排除。

(2) 如果干扰项与文章内容不矛盾,但在原文中没有依据,这种脱离原文的“虚”的选项也可以排除。

(3)有些干扰项似乎很有道理,文中也能找到相关的依据,但它并不能完全满足题目的要求,未能以文章的主题、作者的思维模式为出发点,未能充分体现严谨性和最大的合理性,这种虽没错但不是最佳答案的“偏”选项也可以排除。

只要考生经过“是否矛盾? (误否) ——是否有依据? (虚否?) ——是否以偏概全 (偏否?)”的逐级思考过程来分析和甄别每一个选项,那么解题的正确率就会得以提高。

正确的答案应该是与原文意义一致的选项,或是经过“三级思考”仍不能排除的选项。

请看题:Which of the following is true about the working class?A. They are often employed as skilled and semi-skilled workers.B. They are often offered jobs with high incomes.C. They are often considered lazy and dishonest.D. They are often exploited by the public.此题为事实细节题,可以采用排除法。

由文章第一段第一、二句“Members of the working class have blue-collar jobs. They are construction workers, truck drivers, mechanics, steel workers, electricians, and the like.”可知,蓝领阶层的薪水不高这个事实,据此先排除B项;由第一段最后一句“They consider themselves to be respectable and hard working and they look down upon members of the ‘lower’ class, whom they often consider to be lazy, dishonest, and too ready to exploit public assistance.”可知,蓝领阶层是受人尊敬的、勤劳的群体,他们看不起那些懒惰、欺诈别人、依靠别人捐款生活的阶层,故排除C、D两项,正确答案为A项。

2. 定位法与跳读法定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位),然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换),从而找出正确答案。

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