2017年-2019年上海市重点高中英语优质完形填空汇编系列
专题18 完形填空记叙文-三年(2017-2019)高考真题英语分项汇编(带解析)
三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编专题18 完形填空记叙文一、2019年高考真题1. 【2019·全国卷II】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers ___41___about the small dog he had seen ___42___ alongside the road. He had___43___ to coax(哄)the dog to him but, frightened, it had ___44___.Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that ___45___ dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove ___46___. After a long and careful ___47___. Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving ___48___ away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with ___49___. It just startedlicking(舔)Ehl ers’ face.A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one ___50___ as lost in the local paper. The ad had a ___51___ number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers ___52___ the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had ___53___ their dog.Jeff had ___54___ in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched ___55___ for Rosie in the next four days.Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Mich igan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who ___56___ enough to go to that kind of ___57___,”says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue ___58___.I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as ___59___ to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be ___60___ to go that extra mile.”41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard42. A. read B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off45. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued46. A. home B. past C. back D. on47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded51. A. house B. phone C. street D. car52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。
2017-2019年高考真题英语分项汇编_专题19 完形填空夹叙夹议文
三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编专题19 完形填空夹叙夹议文一、2019年高考真题1. 【2019·全国卷I】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They ___41___ with them lots of waste. The ___42___ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the ___43___ of Kilimanjaro.Hearing these stories, I’m ___44___ about the place —other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.However, I soon ___45___ that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of ___46___ among tons of rubbish. I find a ___47___ mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are ___48___ but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be ___49___.The best of a Kilimanjaro ___50___, in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Moun tains are ___51___ as spiritual places by many cultures. This ___52___ is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as ___53___ go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, ___54___ lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather ___55___ — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I ___56___ twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland ___57___: gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. ___58___ you climb into an arctic-like zone with ___59___ snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.Does Kilimanjaro ___60___ its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace？I found the opposite to be true.41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters43. A. position B. age C. face D. name44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。
2019届上海市各高中名校高三英语题型分类专题汇编--完型填空--老师版(带答案已校对珍藏版)
III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne Mansfield Sullivan, came to me. I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrasts between the two lives which it connects. It was the third of March, 1887, three months before I was seven years old.On the afternoon of that eventful day, I stood on the porch, dumb, 41 . I guessed vaguely from my mother's signs and from the hurrying to and fro in the house that something unusual was about to happen, so I went to the door and waited on the steps. The afternoon sun penetrated the mass of honeysuckle that covered the porch, and fell on my upturned face. My fingers lingered almost 42 on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just ____43____ to greet the sweet southern spring. I did not know what the future held of ____44____or surprise for me. Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languor (倦怠) had ____45____ this passionate struggle.Have you ever been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in, and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way toward the shore with plummet (铅锤) and sounding-line (测深索), and you waited with beating heart for something to happen? I was like that ____46____ before my education began, only I was without ____47____ or sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the ____48____ was. "Light! Give me light!" was the wordless cry of my soul, and the light of love shone on me in that very hour.I felt approaching footsteps. I stretched out my hand as I would to my mother. Someone ____49____ it, and I was caught up and held close in the arms of her who had come to ____50____ all things to me, and, more than all t hings else, to love me.The morning after my teacher came she led me into her room and gave me a doll. The little blind children at the Perkins Institution had sent it and Laura Bridgman had dressed it; but I did not know this until ____51____. When I had played with it a little while, Miss Sullivan slowly spelled into my hand the word "d-o-l-l." I was at once interested in this finger play and tried to ____52____ it. When I finally succeeded in making the letters correctly I ____53____ withchildish pleasure and pride. Running downstairs to my mother I held up my hand and made the letters for doll. I did not know that I was spelling a word or even that words existed; I was simply making my fingers go in monkey-like imitation. In the days that followed I learned to spell in this ____54____ way a great many words, among them pin, hat, cup and a few verbs like sit, stand and walk. But my teacher had been with me several weeks before I understood that everything has a ____55____.41. A. hesitant B. reluctant C. expectant D. defendant42. A. consequently B. unconsciously C. deliberately D. simultaneously43. A. come forth B. brought about C. left behind D. hidden away44. A. panic B. result C. position D. marvel45. A. succeeded B. exposed C. inherited D. demonstrated46. A. fog B. ship C. shore D. plummet47. A. compassion B. compromise C. compass D. companion48. A. paradise B. habitat C. residence D. harbor49. A. took B. shook C. clung D. rescued50. A. share B. devote C. reveal D. celebrate51. A. beforehand B. backward C. afterward D. forward52. A. illustrate B. exhibit C. guess D. imitate53. A. fluttered B. flourished C. flashed D. flushed54. A. unrealistic B. uncomprehending C. insurmountable D. unproductive55. A. title B. name C. credit D. roleKeys: 41-45 CBADA 46-50 BCDAC 51-55 CDDBBIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Vast Parts of Earth should be left wildTo avoid mass extinctions of all plants and animals, governments should protect a third of the oceans and land by 2030 and half by 2050, with a focus on areas of high biodiversity. So say leading biologists in an editorial in the journal Science.This isn’t not just about saving biodiverse areas, says Jonathan Baillie of the National Geographic Society, one of the authors. It’s also about saving ourselves by protecting____41____ natural systems, or ecosystems. and their benefits to us, known as ecosystem service. “We are learning that the large areas that remain are important for providing services for all life. The forests, for example, are ____42____critical for absorbing and storing carbon.” says Baille.At present, just 3.6 per cent of the planet’s oceans and 14.7 per cent of the land is protected by law. At the 2010 Nagoya Conference of the Convention on Biological Diversity,governments agreed to protect 10 per cent of the oceans and 17 per cent of land.But this isn’t nearly enough, says Baillie. In the editorial, He and his coauthor, Ya-Ping Zhang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, want governments to set much bigger ____43____ targets at the next major conference in 2020.“We have to enormously ____44____ increase our ambition if we want to avoid an extinction crisis and if we want to maintain the ecosystem services that we ____45____ currently benefit from,” says Baillie. “The trends are in a ____46____ positive direction, it’s just we have to move much faster.”It’s hard to work out how much space is needed to preserve biodiversity and ecosystem ____47____benefits, the pair say, because there’s so much we don’t know about life on Earth – like how many species there are. ____48____However, most estimates suggest that between 25 and 75 per cent of high biodiversity regions or major ecosystems must be protected. Therefore, we, including governments, should be _____49____ err on the side of caution when setting goals and strategies.“There is no doubt we need far more land and sea ____50____secured for conserving and retaining nature,” says James Watson at the University of Queensland in Australia. “Targets like 50 per cent are in the right ball park when it comes to the minimal ____51____ amount of area needed to conserve biodiversity.”But Watson and others stress that which areas get protected is even more important than the overall percentage. “The key thing is to protect the right areas,” says Jose Montoya of the Stationfor Theoretical and Experimental Ecology in Moulis, France. “If we ____52____ merely protect a proportion of the territory, governments will likely protect what’s easy, and that’s usually areas of ____53____ low biodiversity and ecosystem service provision.”In fact,a third of the 3.6 per cent of land that is already meant to be protected is actually being ____54____exploited, Watson’s team reported last month. So only ____55____ declaring areas to be protected isn’t enough.41. A. stricter B. wider C. safer D. simpler42. A. unique B. sufficient C. critical D. fit43. A. examples B. values C. awards D. objectives44. A. increase B. achieve C. lack D. frustrate45. A. barely B. currently C. roughly D. thoroughly46. A. opposite B. fixed C. complex D. positive47. A. approaches B. management C. benefits D. degradation48. A. Therefore B. Furthermore C. However D. Otherwise49. A. concerned B. changeable C. firm D. cautious50. A. deserted B. secured C. measured D. distributed51. A. damage B. cost C. amount D. standard52. A. completely B. merely C. Virtually D. desperately53. A. mass B. tropical C. marine D. low54. A. exploited B. expanded C. restored D. discovered55. A. developing B. covering D. declaring D. utilizingKeys: 41-45 BCDAB 46-50 DCCDB 51-55 CBDADIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.How Facebook Programmed Our RelativesThree years ago, on his birthday, a law professor watched his e-mail inbox as usual. But it was filled with Facebook notifications (通告) ____41____ that friends had posted messages on his wall. The messages made him sad. The blocked inbox was ____42____, but what really upset him was having disclosed his birth date to Facebook in the first place. It’s not necessary for social networking to comply with (遵守) privacy laws, as some people ___43____ believe. He hadn’t paid much attention when he signed up—as with most electronic contracts, there was no room for negotiation about terms. He ____44____ Facebook’s instructions, entered the data and clicked a button.A few days later, the law professor decided to change the birth date on his Facebook profile to ____45____ the same situation next year. But when the fake date rolled around, his inbox again was flooded with Facebook notifications. Two of the messages were from close relatives, one of whom he had spoken with on the phone on his actual birthday! How could she not realize that the date was ____46____?Our hypothesis (假设): she’d been programmed!That law professor was one of us, and it confirmed his ____47___ that most people respond ____48____ to Facebook’s prompts (提示) to provide information or contact a friend without really thinking much about it. That’s because digital networked technologies are engineering humans to behave like simple stimulus-response machines.Social media plays a tremendous role in modern life. Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter have become the primary ways of keeping in touch with friends, family, classmates and colleagues. To date, ____49____, researchers have not fully explored the degree to which these platforms are literally programming human responses. Social media platforms encode a range of social ____50____: Facebook notifies us when it is time to wish our friends a happy birthday; LinkedIn prompts us to congratulate contacts on their work anniversaries. As a result, social interactions are often ____51____ to the click of a button.Facebook may increase the number of people to whom we wish a happy birthday with a few clicks of a button; it’s not as if we remember the birth dates of that high school classmate or distant cousin. But if it becomes ____52____ behavior, is it even meaningful? As for people who aren’t on Facebook or don’t post their birth dates publicly, the ___53____ they exercise over their data comes at a cost: they don’t receive scores of well-wishes from far-flung contacts. ____54____, it’s still nice to be thought of, even if just once a year.Digital platforms are ____55____ what it means to be human, and we can’t rely on the platforms to police or research themselves. In the meantime, when your birthday rolls around, enjoy the warm feelings from friends sending their regards— but remember that they don’t know when your birthday really is any more than you do theirs.41. A. requiring B. recognizing C. indicating D. summarizing42. A. annoying B. embarrassing C. frustrating D. exciting43. A. hardly B. passionately C. mistakenly D. slowly44. A. lacked B. suspended C. obeyed D. offered45. A. accept B. avoid C. analyze D. arrange46. A. significant B. definite C. correct D. fake47. A. doubt B. appointment C. statement D. plan48. A. cautiously B. positively C. automatically D. aggressively49. A. thus B. however C. moreover D. otherwise50. A. reforms B. problems C. issues D. behaviors51. A. adapted B. reduced C. committed D. admitted52. A. suspected B. accepted C. programmed D. horrified53. A. control B. judgments C. influence D. skills54. A. In return B. In addition C. For example D. After all55. A. enriching B. examining C. shaping D. retainingKeys: 41-45 CACCB 46-50 DACBD 51-55 BCADCIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)You can actually catch a good mood or a bad mood from your friends, according to a recentstudy in the journal Royal Society Open Science. But that shouldn’t stop you from ___51___ with pals who are down in the dumps, say the study authors: ___52___, the effect isn’t large enough to push you into depression.The new study adds to a growing body of research suggesting that happiness and sadness—as well as lifestyle and behavioral factors like smoking, drinking, obesity, fitness habits and even the ability to concentrate—can ___53___ across social networks, both online and in real life. But while many ___54___ studies have only looked at friendship data at one point in time, this is one of the few that measured social and mood changes over time.The new research involved groups of junior-high and high-school students who took part in ___55___ screenings（筛查）and answered questions about their best friends, many of whom were also enrolled in the study. In total, 2,194 students were included in the ___56___, which used a mathematical model to look for connections among friend networks.Overall, kids whose friends suffered from bad moods were more ___57___ to report bad moods themselves—and they were less likely to have improved when they were screened again six months to a year later. When people had more happy friends, ___58___, their moods were more likely to improve over time.Some symptoms related to depression—like helplessness, tiredness and loss of interest—also seemed to follow this ___59___, which scientists call “social contagion.” But this isn’t something that people need to ___60___, says lead author Robert Eyre, a doctoral student at the University of Warwick. Rather, it’s likely just a “___61___ empathetic response that we’re all familiar with, and something we recognize by common sense,” he says. In other words, when a friend is going through a rough patch, it makes sense that you’ll feel some of their ___62___, and it’s certainly not a reason to stay away.The study also found that having friends who were clinically depressed did not ___63___ participants’ risk of becoming depressed themselves. “Your friends do not put you at risk of illness,” says Eyre, “so a good course of action is simply to ___64___ them.” To boost both of your moods, he suggests doing things together that you both ___65___—and taking other friends along to further spread those good feelings, too.”51. A. keeping up B. making off C. hanging out D. getting away52. A. Thankfully B. Particularly C. Hopefully D. Totally53. A. increase B. generate C. delay D. spread54. A. growing B. previous C. real D. large-scale55. A. depression B. anxiety C. anger D. friendship56. A. assessment B. examination C. analysis D. exercise57. A. willing B. reluctant C. able D. likely58. A. what’s worse B. as a result C. on the other hand D. in one word59. A. prediction B. pattern C. report D. improvement60. A. worry about B. look for C. rely on D. put forward61. A. social B. normal C. rough D. certain62. A. symptoms B. responses C. recognition D. pain63. A. eliminate B. conceal C. increase D. sugarcoat64. A. enlighten B. entertain C. empower D. support65. A. enjoy B. understand C. advise D. permit(B)Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures crumbled to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife team were by far the best-known ___66___ to operate in China. Their ___67___ have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.Becoming China’s first architectural historians was no easy ___68___. The buildings they wanted to ___69___ were centuries old, often in shambles and located in distant parts of the country. In many cases, they had to journey through ___70___ conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them.___71___ China’s outlying areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule, or on foot. This was a(n) ___72___ undertaking both for Liang, who walked with a bad limp（跛）after a motorcycle accident as a young man, and Lin, who had a lung disease for years. Inns were often unimaginably dirty, food could be tainted（污染的）, and there was always ___73___ of violence from rebels, soldiers and bandits.Their greatest discovery came on an expedition in 1937 when they dated and extremely ___74___ catalogued Foguang Si, or the Temple of Buddha’s Light, in Wutai County, Shanxi Province. The breathtaking wooden temple was ___75___ in 857 A.D., making it the oldestbuilding known in China at the time. (It is now the fourth-oldest known).Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most ___76___ areas to determine its age, including one aerie inhabited by thousands of bats and millions of bedbugs, covered in dust and littered with dead bats. Liang wrote of the ___77___ in an account included in “Liang and Lin: Partners in Exploring China’s Architectural Past,” the English-language story of their lives written by Wilma Fairbank, their close friend and correspondent.“In complete darkness and amid the ___78___ smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks covering our noses and mouths, we measured, drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours,” Liang wrote. “When ___79___ we came out to take a breath of fresh air, we found hundreds of bedbugs in our backpack. We ourselves had been badly bitten. Yet the ___80___ and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.”66. A. architects B. historians C. preservationists D. travellers67. A. documents B. efforts C. operations D. encouragements68. A. achievement B. dream C. determination D. breakthrough69. A. construct B. develop C. announce D. save70. A. opposing B. unexpected C. unfamiliar D. dangerous71. A. Exploring B. Touring C. Developing D. Overlooking72. A. unadvisable B. priceless C. demanding D. worthless73. A. tolerance B. accusation C. suspicion D. risk74. A. efficiently B. carefully C. merrily D. creatively75. A. built B. ruined C. discovered D. recorded76. A. untidy B. ancient C. forgotten D. important77. A. crawl B. experience C. prospection D. exploitation78. A. unknown B. disgusting C. hard D. thick79. A. at last B. in contrast C. in result D. with effort80. A. misery B. result C. reflection D. importanceKeys: (A) 51-55 CADBA 56-60 CDCBA 61-65 BDCDA(B) 66-70 CBADD 71-75 ACDBA 76-80 CBBADIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Today’s youth seem content to take the easy route and enjoy the ride of life. When ___41___ situations arise, they often pull a long face and ___42___. How you live your teen years will have a profound impact on the rest of your life. You must learn to utilize (利用) your ___43___ wisely.You may not see it now, ___44___ developing leadership characteristics at a young age is very important. ___45___ we get older, it becomes harder to overcome bad habits and replace them with good ones. Possessing leadership qualities is essential, both in this life and in the world to come.There are certain qualities that one needs to develop in order to become a leader: justice, judgment, dependability, initiative, decisiveness, courage, knowledge and loyalty. You may recognize these as good qualities to have, without realizing how they apply to leadership. The more that these qualities are part of your nature, the more ___46___ and enjoyable your life will be. All of these are qualities that one must possess to one degree or another.___47___ popular opinion, leadership is something that is learned. No one is born a leader. We are all capable of ___48___ the leadership qualities mentioned above—some just choose not to. Of course, not everyone can be the “top dog”, ___49___ all the time. However, everyone does have the capacity to lead in some way—but ___50___ is required!Understand that learning is a fact of life—learning to ride a bike, learning to drive, learning to type, learning mathematics, etc. All of these activities ___51___ action, if we do not ___52___ and develop them, those abilities will never come to perfection.Youth is an excellent time to start developing leadership qualities. ___53___ the time to study each one in detail. Put them into practice as you interact with other people. Determine which areas you are weak in, striving to always improve. Observe the leaders and how they handle situations and carry themselves. Also, study the lives of great leaders. The results will ___54___ you in this life —and ___55___!41. A. comfortable B. tough C. enjoyable D. convenient42. A. shout B. laugh C. complain D. regret43. A. intelligence B. time C. degree D. challenge44. A. but B. while C. for D. since45. A. Before B. After C. As D. Though46. A. efficient B. effective C. sufficient D. productive47. A. In spite of B. Contrary to C. As for D. Regardless of48. A. demanding B. carrying C. exhibiting D. expecting49. A. let alone B. depend on C. start off D. get together50. A. patience B. perseverance C. intelligence D. action51. A. require B. cause C. profit D. set52. A. increase B. exploit C. recall D. demonstrate53. A. Spend B. Take C. Pay D. Consume54. A. serve B. encourage C. charge D. entitle55. A. out B. beyond C. away D. offKeys: 41-45 BCBAC 46-50 DBCAD 51-55 ABBABIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Can we do without cash? Since 2015, digital payments in the UK have ____41____ those in cash, and we are invited by the great and the good1to cheer this on. The fully cashless era will be magnificently ____42____, they say, with goods delivered directly to the door: no fumbling(摸索) for change, just tap and go. Some London ____43____ of several chains don’t accept cash any more. Businesses and banks want to ____44____ cash because they have fears of the black market and tax avoidance. Yet we should worry about the ____45____ of cash, because physical money possesses worth far above its face value.Actual ____46____ money, in the hand, teaches us its true value. With cash, what you see is what you have. Exchanging it demands personal engagement and ____47____ the wheels of acommunity. In the shop, the exchange of cash takes time: it involves eye meeting eye. A digital touch payment is done in a(n) ____48____: no human interaction necessary.Without cash, ____49____ gifts of money become impossible: no more helping a fellow passenger with a bus fare, no ____50____ change to charity or beggar. ____51____, the lack of cash means even the most fundamental aspects of etiquette(礼节) are under pressure. Tipping in restaurants is changing beyond recognition. In simpler times, any amount of cash, warmly generous and pointedly small could be left as a reward. In the digital age, any extra money ____52____ to the restaurant account may never reach the staff pocket.Cash is a(n) ____53____ of what money stands for. It promotes independence and engagement. Security concerns are reduced to the age-old matter of keeping hold of what you have. By contrast, a cashless society is a joyless and cold one. People ____54____ treat everything around when they are drawing on the digital service. Besides, cash is a great leveler(平等物). Every penny, pound and bank note sits the same in every hand, _____55_____ in hand and appearance. A pocketful of change is like a gallery of museums. The roses, ostrich feathers and lions on the coins reveal the history that shaped Untied Kingdom. It is really crazy to give up on cash.41. A. prevented B. attempted C. outnumbered D. launched42. A. economic B. elaborate C. deliberate D. convenient43. A. branches B. situations C. minorities D. horizons44. A. work out B. do away with C. turn down D. make out45. A. identification B. justification C. rebirth D. deaths46. A. digital B. physical C. pocket D. current47. A. fuels B. oils C. pulls D. draws48. A. flight B. pause C. flash D. magic49. A. imposing B. impulsive C. inconsiderate D. gracious50. A. loose B. scarce C. steady D. tense51. A. On the other hand B. By contrast C. On the whole D. Worse still52. A. donated B. devoted C. transferred D. removed53. A. reminder B. simplification C. record D. function54. A. indifferently B. sadly C. cruelly D. accordingly55. A. essential B. feasible C. comparably D. identicalKeys: 41-45CDABD 46-50 BBCBA51-55 DCAADIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Deliberate practice refers to a special type of practice that is purposeful and systematic. __ 41__ regular practice might include mindless repetitions, deliberate practice requires focused attention and is conducted with the specific goal of improving __42__.The greatest __ 43 __ of deliberate practice is to remain focused. In the beginning, showing up is the most important thing. But after a while we begin to carelessly __ 44 __ small errors and miss daily opportunities for improvement. This is because the natural tendency of the human brain is to __45__ repeated behaviors into automatic habits. __ 46 __, when you first learned to tie your shoes you had to think carefully about each step of the process. Today, after many repetitions, your brain can perform this sequence __ 47 __. The more we repeat a task the more mindless it becomes.Mindless activity is the __ 48 __ of deliberate practice. The danger of practicing the same thing again and again is that progress becomes __ 49 __. Too often, we think we are getting better simply because we are gaining experience. In __ 50 __, we are merely reinforcing(加强) our current habits — not improving them.Claiming that improvement requires attention and effort sounds logical enough. But what does deliberate practice actually look like in the real world?The first effective feedback system is __ 51 __. This holds true for the number of pages we read, the number of pushups we do, the number of sales calls we make, and any other task that is important to us. It is only through measurement that we have any __ 52 __ of whether we are getting better or worse.The second effective feedback system is coaching. One consistent finding across disciplinesis that coaches are often essential for __ 53 __ deliberate practice. In many cases, it is nearly impossible to both perform a task and measure your progress at the same time. Good coaches can track your progress, find small ways to improve, and hold you __54__ to delivering your best effort each day.Deliberate practice is not a comfortable activity. It requires sustained effort and concentration, but if you can manage to maintain your focus and __ 55 __, then the promise of deliberate practice is quite tempting: to get the most out of what you’ve got.41. A. Since B. Whether C. While D. As42. A. awareness B. performance C. enjoyment D. intelligence43. A. equivalent B. ambition C. challenge D. appeal44. A. overlook B. insert C. detect D. implement45. A. transport B. translate C. transplant D. transform46. A. For example B. On the contrary C. As a result D. On the other hand47. A. carelessly B. accurately C. instantly D. automatically48. A. outcome B. enemy C. source D. substitute49. A. distracted B. imposed C. assumed D. noted50. A. reality B. despair C. contrast D. return51. A. encouragement B. compliment C. measurement D. management52. A. motivation B. proof C. trouble D. concern53. A. resisting B. eliminating C. defining D. sustaining54. A. accountable B. opposed C. addicted D. parallel55. A. existence B. commitment C. dignity D. perspectiveKeys: 41-45 CBCAD 46-50 ADBCA 51-55 CBDABIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.。
2017届-2019届上海市上海中学高三英语试卷题型分类汇编--语法填空--老师版(带答案已校对珍藏版)
II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The once ungentlemanly sneaker has undergone a fashion baptism(洗礼). The distinction between dress and athletic shoes is on the brink of collapse for fashion-forward men, as the humble gym shoe has outgrown its streetwear origins (25) _______ (become) a fashion accessory.A large percentage of men have made a determined effort to make sneakers their primary footwear or even their only footwear choice.“At some point in the last two years, all the guys (26) ______(wear) sneakers,” said Brad Bennett, who runs a men’s style blog. “It was almost as though some order had been handed down by the fashion elite(精英).”The rise of “sneakerdom” is perhaps (27) _____ (obvious) in modern offices. This is particularly true in creative and Web-based industries, (28) _______sneakers have become part of a man’s uniform. With their historic ties to teen culture, sneakers represent youth. In the workplace, they are a statement that says, “ I’m the new breed. I’m ready for revolution.”As with most trends, the triumph of the fashion sneaker cannot easily (29)______ (trace) to a single source. Some style watches point to Europe, where over the last decade fashionable men adopted sneaker culture and made it their own, pairing rubber-soled shoes (30)_______ jackets and casual trousers for a sporty twist on cafe society elegance. Meanwhile, designers who came of age in the era sneakerhead culture(球鞋文化) were rising to positions of power in the fashion industry and pushing the athletic shoe to new heights. The trend just accelerated in 2012, (31)______ Nike introduced its Flyknit sneakers, which were embraced by the fashion crowd for their 23rd-centrury design.Now, almost every design label has its statement sneakers. “It’s explosive, to put it in one word,” said Will Welch, a style editor of GQ《智族GQ》，一本聚集男士穿衣打扮的月刊). “(32)_______ started as a trickle of so-called “fashion sneakers” has turned into a torrent.”“Men grow up wearing sneakers. It’s what we know,” Welch continued, (33)______ (offer)his understanding of the fashion trend, “I still remember me and my friends caring (34)______ who had what sneakers when we were ten. That relationship to sneakers has stuck.”“Women have that relationship to purses. Sneakers are just men’s purses.Keys: 25.to become 26. were wearing 27. the most obvious 28. where 29. be traced30. with 31. when 32. what 33. offering 34. aboutII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.For years and years people in USA (21) ________(say)that the railways are dead. “We can do without railways.” People say…as if motorcars and planes have made the railways unnecessary. We all keep (22) ______(hear) that trains are slow, that they lose money, and that they’re dying .But this is far from the truth: in these days of expensive oil, the railways have become highly competitive with motorcars and planes. If you are intending (23) ________(carry) people or goods from place to place, they are (24) _________(cheap)than planes. And they have much in common with planes. A plane goes in a straight line and (25)_________ does a railway. What is more, it takes you from the heart of a city into the heart of another. It doesn’t leave you up (26)____ a plane does, miles and miles from the city center. It doesn’t hold you up as a car does, in endless traffic jams, and a single train carry goods (27) _______no plane or a motorcar could ever do.Far from being dead, the railways are very much alive. Modern railway lines give you a smooth, less (28)_______(trouble) journey. Where else (29) ______you eat well, sleep in comfort, feel safe and enjoy the scene while you are traveling at speed at the same time? And we are only at the beginning, for we have just entered the age of super-fast trains, trains traveling (30) _______150 miles an hour and more. Soon we will be wondering why we spent so much on motorcars we can’t use because we have not enough money to buy the oil and planes we can’t flyfor the same reason.Keys: 21. have been saying 22. hearing 23. to carry 24. cheaper 25. so26. as 27. which 28. troubled 29. can 30. atII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)Vegetarians are people who don’t eat any animals. In the past, vegetarians was uncommon, but recently more and more people are choosing a vegetarian diet. In the USA alone there are about 13 million people ____25____ (call) themselves vegetarians and that number is expected to reach 25 million by the year 2015. There are many reasons why people think it makes sense not ____26____ (eat) animals. They can be related to religion, health, ethical or ecological concerns.People with a religious background avoid eating meat. Buddhists believe that human beings ____27____ not kill animals. Muslims and Jews don’t have pork. Some people are becoming worried about the safety of eating meat because of the way it is farmed. Certain chemicals are used to make animals grow fast and many animals are fed food ____28____ is not part of their natural diet.Another reason for choosing to give up meat is ____29____ they consider farming animals for food is wrong and that animals have rights to live on as man does.The last major reason is ecological. Raising animals wastes natural resources ____30____ (fast) than growing crops. Much rainforest has been cleared to make farmland to raise animals for food.Human beings have always eaten meat, ____31____ there is a growing movement towards vegetarianism. ____32____ the reason you have for not eating meat, vegetarianism can makemuch sense.(B)Type the words “Spring (Fruit Trees in Bloom)” into an online search engine and in less than a second you will be looking at a sparkling vista of trees erupting in a starburst of pale blossom like an ____33____ (explode) firework. The phrase is the title of an Impressionist oil painting by the French master Claude Monet that belongs to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. According to the museum’s website, the painting ____34____ (complete) in 1873 in Argenteuil, France. Signed and dated “73 Claude Monet” in the lower left corner, it ____35____ (measure) almost 1m wide and 62cm high. In 1903, ____36____ it was known as Apple Blossoms, it was bought for $2,100 by the New York art dealership Knoedler & Co. The Met acquired it in 1926.Information like this is typical of the insights that museums commonly provide about artworks in their collections. Dates, dimensions, provenance: these are the bread and butter of scholarship and art history.But by offering details about pictures ____37____ this manner, are museums fundamentally missing the point of ____38____ art is all about? One man who believes ____39____ are is the British philosopher Alain de Botton. “Spring (Fruit Trees in Bloom)” is exactly the sort of picture ____40____________ de Botton is referring: peaceful, untroubled, and reminding people of a simple pleasure of life. Yet, the Metropolitan avoids tackling any of this. Reading the online label, you would never guess that Monet had the power to summon pleasurable and soothing emotions such as these.Keys: 25. calling 26. to eat 27. should/must 28. that/which 29. that 30. faster 31. but 32. Whatever 33. exploding 34. was completed 35. measures 36. when 37. in 38. what 39. they 40. to whichII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofThere seems never (21)______ (be) a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.In the ancient world, as is today, most boys (22)________ (play) with some kinds of toys and most girls with others. In societies (23)________ social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls (24)_________ (prepare), even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.(25)_________ is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly (26)_________ craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology.It is the universality (普遍性) of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present (27)_______ is amazing. In Egypt, America, China, Japan and among the Arctic (北极的) people, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life (28)________ toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.Because toys (29)________ be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the cart to the automobile is a direct line of ways up. The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3,000 BC to (30)_________ used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness (独创性). Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials.Keys: 21. to have been 22. played 23. where 24. are [being] prepared 25. What26.in 27.that 28.because 29.can 30.oneII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofA great deal of attention (21)_________ (pay) today to the so-called digital divide--the division of the world into the info(information) rich and the info poor at present. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was (22)_______ (visible) then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. (23)______ the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access-after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet (24)_______(net) together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow (25)______ ______widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet (26)______well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we've ever had.Of course, the use of the Internet isn't the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.(27)_________(take)advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries(28)________ still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure(the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built (29)________industrial infrastructure, it didn't have the capital to do so. And that is (30)_______ America's Second Wave infrastructure- including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment.Keys: 21.is being paid 22.less visible 23.As 24.will be netted 25.rather than26.may 27.To take 28. that 29.its 30.whyII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form ofThere are many superstitions in Britain, but one of (21)______(widely) held is that it is unlucky to walk under a ladder, even if it means (22)______(step) off the pavement into a busy street. If you (23)______ pass under a ladder you can avoid bad luck by crossing your fingers and keeping them crossed (24)______ you have seen a dog. Alternatively, you may lick your finger and make a cross on the toe of your shoe, and then wait for it to dry.Another common superstition is that it is unlucky to open an umbrella in the house -- it will(25)______ bring misfortune to the person who opened it or to the whole household. Moreover,(26)______ opening an umbrella in fine weather is unpopular as it inevitably brings rain!The number 13 is said to be unlucky for some, and when the 13th day of the month falls (27)______ a Friday, whoever wishes to avoid a bad event had better stay indoors. The worst misfortune that can happen to a person is caused by breaking a mirror, as it brings seven years of bad luck! The superstition is supposed to (28)______(originate) in ancient times, when mirrors were considered to be tools of the gods.Black cats are generally considered lucky in Britain, (29)______ ______ they are often associated witchcraft (巫术). It is especially lucky if a black cat crosses your path -- although in America the exact opposite belief prevails.Finally, a commonly held superstition is (30)______ of touching wood for luck. This measure is most often taken if you think you have said something that is tempting fate, such as “my car has never broken down, touch wood?”Keys: 21. the most widely 22. stepping 23. must 24. until 25. either26. anyone 27. on 28. have originated 29. even though/even if 30. thatII．Grammar and Vocabulary Section ASection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Today the Statue of Liberty is a beloved landmark. It (21)______ (tower) above of the harbor of New York and is lovingly cared for by the National Park Service. Many thousands of visitors who visit Liberty Island each year might never suspect that getting the statue (22)______(build) was a long slow struggle. More than a century ago, it (23)______ (be) the celebration of freedom and the commemoration of the friendship between America and France that inspired sculptor Auguste Bartholdi and finally he went forward with designing the potential statue and promoting the idea of building it. However, money was so big a problem (24)______ was haunting the two governments from the beginning to the end.Donations for the building of the statue first began coming in throughout France in 1875. Numerous people gave donations. A copper company donated the copper sheets that would be used to fashion the skin of the statue. Various donations were helpful, (25)______the cost of the statue kept riding. (26)______ (face) with a shortfall of money, the French-American Union held a lottery. Merchants in Paris donated prizes, and tickets were sold. The lottery was a success, but more money was still needed. The sculptor Bartholdi eventually sold miniature versions of the statue, (27)______ the name of the buyer engraved on them.Finally, in July 1880 the French-American Union announced that enough money had been raised to complete the building of the statue.While the French had announced that the funds for the statues were in place in 1880, by late 1882 the American donations, which would be needed to build the pedestal,were sadly lagging. The sculptor Bartholdi had travelled to America in 1871 to promote the idea of the statue. Despite Bartholdi’s efforts, the idea of the statue was difficult (28)______ (sell). Some newspapers, most notably the New York Times, often criticized the statue as folly, and vehemently opposed (29)______ (spend) any money on it. The newspaper publisher Joseph Pulitzer, who had purchased a New York City daily, The World, in the early1880s, took us the cause of the statue’s pedestal. He mounted an energetic fund drive, promising to print the name of each donor, (30)______ small the donation, Pulitzer’s audacious plan worked, and millions of people around the country began donating whatever they could.In August 1885, that final $100,000 for the statue; the pedestal had been raised. Construction work on the stone structure continued, and the next year the Statue of Liberty, which had arrived from France packed in crated, was erected on top.Keys: 21. towers 22. built 23. were 24. as 25. but26. faced 27. with 28. to sell 29. spending 30. howeverSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.It’s rare that the protagonist(主人公) in a Chinese movie wins the audience’s hearts with an emotionally uplifting message, rather than by showing off his or her good looks. But Wolf Warrior II is putting China in the global spotlight. It’s also the first film (21)______(taste) success both in terms of box office earnings and promoting Chinese values.Kung fu artist Wu Jing both starred in and directed the action movie. Since its release on July 27, it (22)______(earn) an unimaginable 4.5 billion yuan, setting a record for domestic movies at the box office.The film focuses on a rescue operation in Africa, (23)______(lead)by former special forces soldier Leng Feng – played by Wu. Leng helps Chinese workers and local Africans flee a war-torn and plague-ravaged country.Wolf Warrior II links art to reality, and reminds people (24)______the massive evacuation of Chinese people from Libya when civil war (25)______(break)out there in 2011, and from Yemen in 2015, as well as the challenges the Ebola virus created in West Africa from 2013 to 2016.The film describes (26)_______ the Chinese government aims to protect overseas Chinese citizens. Just (27)_______the message at the end of the film reads: “Citizens of the People’s Republic of China. When you encounter danger in a foreign land, do not give up! Please remember, at your back (28)_______(stand) a strong motherland.”Thanks to China’s increasing participation in global affairs, now could (29)______(consider) the right moment to introduce a modern Chinese hero.“(30)_______ up a banner of peace, friendship and responsibility, Wolf Warrior II should be seen as a brave effort to promote Chinese values around the world,” columnist Zhu Ping wrote in China Daily. “It’s time Chinese filmmakers produced f ilms that tell good stories and carry the right spirit. Let us assume Wolf Warrior II has started that trend.”Keys: 21. to taste 22. is earned 23. led 24. of 25. broke26. how 27. as 28. stands 29. be considered 30. HoldingII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Of the many factors that contribute to poor performance on standardized tests like the SAT, nerves and exhaustion, surprisingly, (21) ______ not rank very high. In fact, according to a new paper published in Journal of Experimental Psychology, a little anxiety – not to mention fatigue – might actually be a very good thing.The study was conducted by psychology professors Phillip Ackerman and Ruth Kanfer. They recruited 239 college freshmen, each (22) ______ (agree) to take three different versions of the SAT reasoning test (23) ______ (give) on three consecutive Saturday mornings. The tests would take three-and-a-half hours, four-and-a-half hours and five-and-a-half-hours, and would be administered in a random order to each of the students. (24) ______ (boost) the stress level in the students – who had already taken the SAT in the past and gotten into college – Ackerman and Kanfer offered a cash bonus to any volunteers who (25) ______ (beat) their high-school score.(26) ______ the test began on each of the three Saturdays, the students filled out a questionnaire that asked them about their fatigue level, mood and confidence. They completed the questionnaire again at a break in the middle of the test and once more at the end. Together, all of these provided a sort of fever chart of the students’ energy and anxiety (27) ______ the experience.When the researchers scored the results, it came as no surprise that volunteers’ fatigue and stress rose steadily (28) ______ the test got longer. (29) ______ was unexpected was their corresponding performance: as the length of the test increased, so (30) ______ the students’ scores. The average score on the three-and-a-half-hour test was 1209 out of 1600. On the four-and-a-half-hour version it was 1222; on the five-and-a-half-hour test it was 1237.2017-2019届上海市上海中学高三英语试卷题型分类专题汇编：语法填空Keys: 21. may22. agreeing23. given24. To boost25. (would) beat26. Before27. throughout / during28. as29. What30. did11。
2017年-2019年上海中考英语试题首字母填空汇编
2017年-2019年上海中考英语试题首字母填空汇编2019C.Fill in the blanks with proper words（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。
每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（14分）Paulwas my little brother，and he was special.He was differentfrom me becausehe sat in a wheelchair，and he was blind.Lots oftimes when we walkedwithPaul，other kids came over and asked uswhy he was in his chair and why he couldn’ts81.They thought he wasdifferent because he had his own school bus and had togo to a specialschool.But that's not really the reason.Paul was different for the thingsjustour family knew about-only we knew the s 82 that made him spccial.Paulhelped me hear small sounds.Every time I was with him，I'd have to beg q83tohear the flying birds and the talking trees he heard.Paulhelped me exercise.When we went for a walk，we'd often gouphill.When Ipushed his chair all the way to the woods at the t 84 ，I was really gettingmyexercise!Paul h 85 ever complained.Hewent along with whatever the rest of uswanted to do.One time when he had afever，he got uncomfortable，but he nevershouted orfought or asked me to switch the TV channel.SometimesPaul let me put things in，his hand.Weplayed a kind of guessinggame.I put different toys there forhim to f 86He was always surprisedwhen I let himhold something new.Paulwas my friend.He couldn't talk to me like most ofmy friends，and he couldn't runoutside to play.But he wasthere for all the peaceful times，and he had the bestsmile inthe world.Iwas l87 to grow up with him as his sister.Hehelped me to realize thatthere is a good side to everysituation，if we simply make thechoice to find it.C.81.see82.secret（s）83.quiet84.top85.hardly86.feel87.lucky2018C. Fill in the blanks with proper words(在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其通顺。
2019届上海市各高中名校高三英语题型分类专题汇编--完型填空--老师版(带答案已校对珍藏版)
III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne Mansfield Sullivan, came to me. I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrasts between the two lives which it connects. It was the third of March, 1887, three months before I was seven years old.On the afternoon of that eventful day, I stood on the porch, dumb, 41 . I guessed vaguely from my mother's signs and from the hurrying to and fro in the house that something unusual was about to happen, so I went to the door and waited on the steps. The afternoon sun penetrated the mass of honeysuckle that covered the porch, and fell on my upturned face. My fingers lingered almost 42 on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had just ____43____ to greet the sweet southern spring. I did not know what the future held of ____44____or surprise for me. Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languor (倦怠) had ____45____ this passionate struggle.Have you ever been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in, and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way toward the shore with plummet (铅锤) and sounding-line (测深索), and you waited with beating heart for something to happen? I was like that ____46____ before my education began, only I was without ____47____ or sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the ____48____ was. "Light! Give me light!" was the wordless cry of my soul, and the light of love shone on me in that very hour.I felt approaching footsteps. I stretched out my hand as I would to my mother. Someone ____49____ it, and I was caught up and held close in the arms of her who had come to ____50____ all things to me, and, more than all t hings else, to love me.The morning after my teacher came she led me into her room and gave me a doll. The little blind children at the Perkins Institution had sent it and Laura Bridgman had dressed it; but I did not know this until ____51____. When I had played with it a little while, Miss Sullivan slowly spelled into my hand the word "d-o-l-l." I was at once interested in this finger play and tried to ____52____ it. When I finally succeeded in making the letters correctly I ____53____ withchildish pleasure and pride. Running downstairs to my mother I held up my hand and made the letters for doll. I did not know that I was spelling a word or even that words existed; I was simply making my fingers go in monkey-like imitation. In the days that followed I learned to spell in this ____54____ way a great many words, among them pin, hat, cup and a few verbs like sit, stand and walk. But my teacher had been with me several weeks before I understood that everything has a ____55____.41. A. hesitant B. reluctant C. expectant D. defendant42. A. consequently B. unconsciously C. deliberately D. simultaneously43. A. come forth B. brought about C. left behind D. hidden away44. A. panic B. result C. position D. marvel45. A. succeeded B. exposed C. inherited D. demonstrated46. A. fog B. ship C. shore D. plummet47. A. compassion B. compromise C. compass D. companion48. A. paradise B. habitat C. residence D. harbor49. A. took B. shook C. clung D. rescued50. A. share B. devote C. reveal D. celebrate51. A. beforehand B. backward C. afterward D. forward52. A. illustrate B. exhibit C. guess D. imitate53. A. fluttered B. flourished C. flashed D. flushed54. A. unrealistic B. uncomprehending C. insurmountable D. unproductive55. A. title B. name C. credit D. roleKeys: 41-45 CBADA 46-50 BCDAC 51-55 CDDBBIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Vast Parts of Earth should be left wildTo avoid mass extinctions of all plants and animals, governments should protect a third of the oceans and land by 2030 and half by 2050, with a focus on areas of high biodiversity. So say leading biologists in an editorial in the journal Science.This isn’t not just about saving biodiverse areas, says Jonathan Baillie of the National Geographic Society, one of the authors. It’s also about saving ourselves by protecting____41____ natural systems, or ecosystems. and their benefits to us, known as ecosystem service. “We are learning that the large areas that remain are important for providing services for all life. The forests, for example, are ____42____critical for absorbing and storing carbon.” says Baille.At present, just 3.6 per cent of the planet’s oceans and 14.7 per cent of the land is protected by law. At the 2010 Nagoya Conference of the Convention on Biological Diversity,governments agreed to protect 10 per cent of the oceans and 17 per cent of land.But this isn’t nearly enough, says Baillie. In the editorial, He and his coauthor, Ya-Ping Zhang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, want governments to set much bigger ____43____ targets at the next major conference in 2020.“We have to enormously ____44____ increase our ambition if we want to avoid an extinction crisis and if we want to maintain the ecosystem services that we ____45____ currently benefit from,” says Baillie. “The trends are in a ____46____ positive direction, it’s just we have to move much faster.”It’s hard to work out how much space is needed to preserve biodiversity and ecosystem ____47____benefits, the pair say, because there’s so much we don’t know about life on Earth – like how many species there are. ____48____However, most estimates suggest that between 25 and 75 per cent of high biodiversity regions or major ecosystems must be protected. Therefore, we, including governments, should be _____49____ err on the side of caution when setting goals and strategies.“There is no doubt we need far more land and sea ____50____secured for conserving and retaining nature,” says James Watson at the University of Queensland in Australia. “Targets like 50 per cent are in the right ball park when it comes to the minimal ____51____ amount of area needed to conserve biodiversity.”But Watson and others stress that which areas get protected is even more important than the overall percentage. “The key thing is to protect the right areas,” says Jose Montoya of the Stationfor Theoretical and Experimental Ecology in Moulis, France. “If we ____52____ merely protect a proportion of the territory, governments will likely protect what’s easy, and that’s usually areas of ____53____ low biodiversity and ecosystem service provision.”In fact,a third of the 3.6 per cent of land that is already meant to be protected is actually being ____54____exploited, Watson’s team reported last month. So only ____55____ declaring areas to be protected isn’t enough.41. A. stricter B. wider C. safer D. simpler42. A. unique B. sufficient C. critical D. fit43. A. examples B. values C. awards D. objectives44. A. increase B. achieve C. lack D. frustrate45. A. barely B. currently C. roughly D. thoroughly46. A. opposite B. fixed C. complex D. positive47. A. approaches B. management C. benefits D. degradation48. A. Therefore B. Furthermore C. However D. Otherwise49. A. concerned B. changeable C. firm D. cautious50. A. deserted B. secured C. measured D. distributed51. A. damage B. cost C. amount D. standard52. A. completely B. merely C. Virtually D. desperately53. A. mass B. tropical C. marine D. low54. A. exploited B. expanded C. restored D. discovered55. A. developing B. covering D. declaring D. utilizingKeys: 41-45 BCDAB 46-50 DCCDB 51-55 CBDADIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.How Facebook Programmed Our RelativesThree years ago, on his birthday, a law professor watched his e-mail inbox as usual. But it was filled with Facebook notifications (通告) ____41____ that friends had posted messages on his wall. The messages made him sad. The blocked inbox was ____42____, but what really upset him was having disclosed his birth date to Facebook in the first place. It’s not necessary for social networking to comply with (遵守) privacy laws, as some people ___43____ believe. He hadn’t paid much attention when he signed up—as with most electronic contracts, there was no room for negotiation about terms. He ____44____ Facebook’s instructions, entered the data and clicked a button.A few days later, the law professor decided to change the birth date on his Facebook profile to ____45____ the same situation next year. But when the fake date rolled around, his inbox again was flooded with Facebook notifications. Two of the messages were from close relatives, one of whom he had spoken with on the phone on his actual birthday! How could she not realize that the date was ____46____?Our hypothesis (假设): she’d been programmed!That law professor was one of us, and it confirmed his ____47___ that most people respond ____48____ to Facebook’s prompts (提示) to provide information or contact a friend without really thinking much about it. That’s because digital networked technologies are engineering humans to behave like simple stimulus-response machines.Social media plays a tremendous role in modern life. Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter have become the primary ways of keeping in touch with friends, family, classmates and colleagues. To date, ____49____, researchers have not fully explored the degree to which these platforms are literally programming human responses. Social media platforms encode a range of social ____50____: Facebook notifies us when it is time to wish our friends a happy birthday; LinkedIn prompts us to congratulate contacts on their work anniversaries. As a result, social interactions are often ____51____ to the click of a button.Facebook may increase the number of people to whom we wish a happy birthday with a few clicks of a button; it’s not as if we remember the birth dates of that high school classmate or distant cousin. But if it becomes ____52____ behavior, is it even meaningful? As for people who aren’t on Facebook or don’t post their birth dates publicly, the ___53____ they exercise over their data comes at a cost: they don’t receive scores of well-wishes from far-flung contacts. ____54____, it’s still nice to be thought of, even if just once a year.Digital platforms are ____55____ what it means to be human, and we can’t rely on the platforms to police or research themselves. In the meantime, when your birthday rolls around, enjoy the warm feelings from friends sending their regards— but remember that they don’t know when your birthday really is any more than you do theirs.41. A. requiring B. recognizing C. indicating D. summarizing42. A. annoying B. embarrassing C. frustrating D. exciting43. A. hardly B. passionately C. mistakenly D. slowly44. A. lacked B. suspended C. obeyed D. offered45. A. accept B. avoid C. analyze D. arrange46. A. significant B. definite C. correct D. fake47. A. doubt B. appointment C. statement D. plan48. A. cautiously B. positively C. automatically D. aggressively49. A. thus B. however C. moreover D. otherwise50. A. reforms B. problems C. issues D. behaviors51. A. adapted B. reduced C. committed D. admitted52. A. suspected B. accepted C. programmed D. horrified53. A. control B. judgments C. influence D. skills54. A. In return B. In addition C. For example D. After all55. A. enriching B. examining C. shaping D. retainingKeys: 41-45 CACCB 46-50 DACBD 51-55 BCADCIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)You can actually catch a good mood or a bad mood from your friends, according to a recentstudy in the journal Royal Society Open Science. But that shouldn’t stop you from ___51___ with pals who are down in the dumps, say the study authors: ___52___, the effect isn’t large enough to push you into depression.The new study adds to a growing body of research suggesting that happiness and sadness—as well as lifestyle and behavioral factors like smoking, drinking, obesity, fitness habits and even the ability to concentrate—can ___53___ across social networks, both online and in real life. But while many ___54___ studies have only looked at friendship data at one point in time, this is one of the few that measured social and mood changes over time.The new research involved groups of junior-high and high-school students who took part in ___55___ screenings（筛查）and answered questions about their best friends, many of whom were also enrolled in the study. In total, 2,194 students were included in the ___56___, which used a mathematical model to look for connections among friend networks.Overall, kids whose friends suffered from bad moods were more ___57___ to report bad moods themselves—and they were less likely to have improved when they were screened again six months to a year later. When people had more happy friends, ___58___, their moods were more likely to improve over time.Some symptoms related to depression—like helplessness, tiredness and loss of interest—also seemed to follow this ___59___, which scientists call “social contagion.” But this isn’t something that people need to ___60___, says lead author Robert Eyre, a doctoral student at the University of Warwick. Rather, it’s likely just a “___61___ empathetic response that we’re all familiar with, and something we recognize by common sense,” he says. In other words, when a friend is going through a rough patch, it makes sense that you’ll feel some of their ___62___, and it’s certainly not a reason to stay away.The study also found that having friends who were clinically depressed did not ___63___ participants’ risk of becoming depressed themselves. “Your friends do not put you at risk of illness,” says Eyre, “so a good course of action is simply to ___64___ them.” To boost both of your moods, he suggests doing things together that you both ___65___—and taking other friends along to further spread those good feelings, too.”51. A. keeping up B. making off C. hanging out D. getting away52. A. Thankfully B. Particularly C. Hopefully D. Totally53. A. increase B. generate C. delay D. spread54. A. growing B. previous C. real D. large-scale55. A. depression B. anxiety C. anger D. friendship56. A. assessment B. examination C. analysis D. exercise57. A. willing B. reluctant C. able D. likely58. A. what’s worse B. as a result C. on the other hand D. in one word59. A. prediction B. pattern C. report D. improvement60. A. worry about B. look for C. rely on D. put forward61. A. social B. normal C. rough D. certain62. A. symptoms B. responses C. recognition D. pain63. A. eliminate B. conceal C. increase D. sugarcoat64. A. enlighten B. entertain C. empower D. support65. A. enjoy B. understand C. advise D. permit(B)Many of China’s ancient architectural treasures crumbled to dust before Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng began documenting them in the 1930s. The husband and wife team were by far the best-known ___66___ to operate in China. Their ___67___ have since inspired generations of people to speak out for architecture threatened by the rush toward development.Becoming China’s first architectural historians was no easy ___68___. The buildings they wanted to ___69___ were centuries old, often in shambles and located in distant parts of the country. In many cases, they had to journey through ___70___ conditions in the Chinese countryside to reach them.___71___ China’s outlying areas during the 1930s meant traveling muddy, poorly maintained roads by mule, or on foot. This was a(n) ___72___ undertaking both for Liang, who walked with a bad limp（跛）after a motorcycle accident as a young man, and Lin, who had a lung disease for years. Inns were often unimaginably dirty, food could be tainted（污染的）, and there was always ___73___ of violence from rebels, soldiers and bandits.Their greatest discovery came on an expedition in 1937 when they dated and extremely ___74___ catalogued Foguang Si, or the Temple of Buddha’s Light, in Wutai County, Shanxi Province. The breathtaking wooden temple was ___75___ in 857 A.D., making it the oldestbuilding known in China at the time. (It is now the fourth-oldest known).Liang and Lin crawled into the temple’s most ___76___ areas to determine its age, including one aerie inhabited by thousands of bats and millions of bedbugs, covered in dust and littered with dead bats. Liang wrote of the ___77___ in an account included in “Liang and Lin: Partners in Exploring China’s Architectural Past,” the English-language story of their lives written by Wilma Fairbank, their close friend and correspondent.“In complete darkness and amid the ___78___ smell, hardly breathing, with thick masks covering our noses and mouths, we measured, drew, and photographed with flashlights for several hours,” Liang wrote. “When ___79___ we came out to take a breath of fresh air, we found hundreds of bedbugs in our backpack. We ourselves had been badly bitten. Yet the ___80___ and unexpectedness of our find made those the happiest hours of my years hunting for ancient architecture.”66. A. architects B. historians C. preservationists D. travellers67. A. documents B. efforts C. operations D. encouragements68. A. achievement B. dream C. determination D. breakthrough69. A. construct B. develop C. announce D. save70. A. opposing B. unexpected C. unfamiliar D. dangerous71. A. Exploring B. Touring C. Developing D. Overlooking72. A. unadvisable B. priceless C. demanding D. worthless73. A. tolerance B. accusation C. suspicion D. risk74. A. efficiently B. carefully C. merrily D. creatively75. A. built B. ruined C. discovered D. recorded76. A. untidy B. ancient C. forgotten D. important77. A. crawl B. experience C. prospection D. exploitation78. A. unknown B. disgusting C. hard D. thick79. A. at last B. in contrast C. in result D. with effort80. A. misery B. result C. reflection D. importanceKeys: (A) 51-55 CADBA 56-60 CDCBA 61-65 BDCDA(B) 66-70 CBADD 71-75 ACDBA 76-80 CBBADIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Today’s youth seem content to take the easy route and enjoy the ride of life. When ___41___ situations arise, they often pull a long face and ___42___. How you live your teen years will have a profound impact on the rest of your life. You must learn to utilize (利用) your ___43___ wisely.You may not see it now, ___44___ developing leadership characteristics at a young age is very important. ___45___ we get older, it becomes harder to overcome bad habits and replace them with good ones. Possessing leadership qualities is essential, both in this life and in the world to come.There are certain qualities that one needs to develop in order to become a leader: justice, judgment, dependability, initiative, decisiveness, courage, knowledge and loyalty. You may recognize these as good qualities to have, without realizing how they apply to leadership. The more that these qualities are part of your nature, the more ___46___ and enjoyable your life will be. All of these are qualities that one must possess to one degree or another.___47___ popular opinion, leadership is something that is learned. No one is born a leader. We are all capable of ___48___ the leadership qualities mentioned above—some just choose not to. Of course, not everyone can be the “top dog”, ___49___ all the time. However, everyone does have the capacity to lead in some way—but ___50___ is required!Understand that learning is a fact of life—learning to ride a bike, learning to drive, learning to type, learning mathematics, etc. All of these activities ___51___ action, if we do not ___52___ and develop them, those abilities will never come to perfection.Youth is an excellent time to start developing leadership qualities. ___53___ the time to study each one in detail. Put them into practice as you interact with other people. Determine which areas you are weak in, striving to always improve. Observe the leaders and how they handle situations and carry themselves. Also, study the lives of great leaders. The results will ___54___ you in this life —and ___55___!41. A. comfortable B. tough C. enjoyable D. convenient42. A. shout B. laugh C. complain D. regret43. A. intelligence B. time C. degree D. challenge44. A. but B. while C. for D. since45. A. Before B. After C. As D. Though46. A. efficient B. effective C. sufficient D. productive47. A. In spite of B. Contrary to C. As for D. Regardless of48. A. demanding B. carrying C. exhibiting D. expecting49. A. let alone B. depend on C. start off D. get together50. A. patience B. perseverance C. intelligence D. action51. A. require B. cause C. profit D. set52. A. increase B. exploit C. recall D. demonstrate53. A. Spend B. Take C. Pay D. Consume54. A. serve B. encourage C. charge D. entitle55. A. out B. beyond C. away D. offKeys: 41-45 BCBAC 46-50 DBCAD 51-55 ABBABIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Can we do without cash? Since 2015, digital payments in the UK have ____41____ those in cash, and we are invited by the great and the good1to cheer this on. The fully cashless era will be magnificently ____42____, they say, with goods delivered directly to the door: no fumbling(摸索) for change, just tap and go. Some London ____43____ of several chains don’t accept cash any more. Businesses and banks want to ____44____ cash because they have fears of the black market and tax avoidance. Yet we should worry about the ____45____ of cash, because physical money possesses worth far above its face value.Actual ____46____ money, in the hand, teaches us its true value. With cash, what you see is what you have. Exchanging it demands personal engagement and ____47____ the wheels of acommunity. In the shop, the exchange of cash takes time: it involves eye meeting eye. A digital touch payment is done in a(n) ____48____: no human interaction necessary.Without cash, ____49____ gifts of money become impossible: no more helping a fellow passenger with a bus fare, no ____50____ change to charity or beggar. ____51____, the lack of cash means even the most fundamental aspects of etiquette(礼节) are under pressure. Tipping in restaurants is changing beyond recognition. In simpler times, any amount of cash, warmly generous and pointedly small could be left as a reward. In the digital age, any extra money ____52____ to the restaurant account may never reach the staff pocket.Cash is a(n) ____53____ of what money stands for. It promotes independence and engagement. Security concerns are reduced to the age-old matter of keeping hold of what you have. By contrast, a cashless society is a joyless and cold one. People ____54____ treat everything around when they are drawing on the digital service. Besides, cash is a great leveler(平等物). Every penny, pound and bank note sits the same in every hand, _____55_____ in hand and appearance. A pocketful of change is like a gallery of museums. The roses, ostrich feathers and lions on the coins reveal the history that shaped Untied Kingdom. It is really crazy to give up on cash.41. A. prevented B. attempted C. outnumbered D. launched42. A. economic B. elaborate C. deliberate D. convenient43. A. branches B. situations C. minorities D. horizons44. A. work out B. do away with C. turn down D. make out45. A. identification B. justification C. rebirth D. deaths46. A. digital B. physical C. pocket D. current47. A. fuels B. oils C. pulls D. draws48. A. flight B. pause C. flash D. magic49. A. imposing B. impulsive C. inconsiderate D. gracious50. A. loose B. scarce C. steady D. tense51. A. On the other hand B. By contrast C. On the whole D. Worse still52. A. donated B. devoted C. transferred D. removed53. A. reminder B. simplification C. record D. function54. A. indifferently B. sadly C. cruelly D. accordingly55. A. essential B. feasible C. comparably D. identicalKeys: 41-45CDABD 46-50 BBCBA51-55 DCAADIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Deliberate practice refers to a special type of practice that is purposeful and systematic. __ 41__ regular practice might include mindless repetitions, deliberate practice requires focused attention and is conducted with the specific goal of improving __42__.The greatest __ 43 __ of deliberate practice is to remain focused. In the beginning, showing up is the most important thing. But after a while we begin to carelessly __ 44 __ small errors and miss daily opportunities for improvement. This is because the natural tendency of the human brain is to __45__ repeated behaviors into automatic habits. __ 46 __, when you first learned to tie your shoes you had to think carefully about each step of the process. Today, after many repetitions, your brain can perform this sequence __ 47 __. The more we repeat a task the more mindless it becomes.Mindless activity is the __ 48 __ of deliberate practice. The danger of practicing the same thing again and again is that progress becomes __ 49 __. Too often, we think we are getting better simply because we are gaining experience. In __ 50 __, we are merely reinforcing(加强) our current habits — not improving them.Claiming that improvement requires attention and effort sounds logical enough. But what does deliberate practice actually look like in the real world?The first effective feedback system is __ 51 __. This holds true for the number of pages we read, the number of pushups we do, the number of sales calls we make, and any other task that is important to us. It is only through measurement that we have any __ 52 __ of whether we are getting better or worse.The second effective feedback system is coaching. One consistent finding across disciplinesis that coaches are often essential for __ 53 __ deliberate practice. In many cases, it is nearly impossible to both perform a task and measure your progress at the same time. Good coaches can track your progress, find small ways to improve, and hold you __54__ to delivering your best effort each day.Deliberate practice is not a comfortable activity. It requires sustained effort and concentration, but if you can manage to maintain your focus and __ 55 __, then the promise of deliberate practice is quite tempting: to get the most out of what you’ve got.41. A. Since B. Whether C. While D. As42. A. awareness B. performance C. enjoyment D. intelligence43. A. equivalent B. ambition C. challenge D. appeal44. A. overlook B. insert C. detect D. implement45. A. transport B. translate C. transplant D. transform46. A. For example B. On the contrary C. As a result D. On the other hand47. A. carelessly B. accurately C. instantly D. automatically48. A. outcome B. enemy C. source D. substitute49. A. distracted B. imposed C. assumed D. noted50. A. reality B. despair C. contrast D. return51. A. encouragement B. compliment C. measurement D. management52. A. motivation B. proof C. trouble D. concern53. A. resisting B. eliminating C. defining D. sustaining54. A. accountable B. opposed C. addicted D. parallel55. A. existence B. commitment C. dignity D. perspectiveKeys: 41-45 CBCAD 46-50 ADBCA 51-55 CBDABIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.。
2017年上海英语高三模完形填空全解析,翻译、单词、详解
2017年高三英语一模汇编——完形填空III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA, B, CandD. Fillin each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Anxiety disorders-- defined by extreme fear, restlessness,and muscle tension --are carefully considering, disabling, and can increase the risk for _____41_____and self-murder. They are some of the most common mental health conditions around the world, _____42_____around four out of every 100 people and costing the health care system and job employers over US $42billion each year.焦虑症-----被定义为极度恐惧、不安和肌肉紧张，正在小心地重视，禁止，它增加了（41 ）和自杀的风险。
他们是世界上最普通的精神健康问题。
每一百人中有四人会受它的（42 ），每年要花费健康关心系统（卫生保健系统）和就业者近42亿美金。
anxiety 英[æŋˈzaɪəti] n.焦虑，忧虑;disorder英[dɪsˈɔ:də(r)] n.混乱，凌乱;（身心机能的）失调使混乱，使凌乱The emergency room was in disorder 急诊室里一片混乱。
2019届上海市各大高中名校高三英语试题汇编--语法填空(带答案精确校对珍藏版)
Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.It’s rare that the protagonist(主人公) in a Chinese movie wins the audience’s hearts with an emotionally uplifting message, rather than by showing off his or her good looks. But Wolf Warrior II is putting China in the global spotlight. It’s also the first film (21)______(taste) success both in terms of box office earnings and promoting Chinese values.Kung fu artist Wu Jing both starred in and directed the action movie. Since its release on July 27, it (22)______(earn) an unimaginable 4.5 billion yuan, setting a record for domestic movies at the box office.The film focuses on a rescue operation in Africa, (23)______(lead)by former special forces soldier Leng Feng – played by Wu. Leng helps Chinese workers and local Africans flee a war-torn and plague-ravaged country.Wolf Warrior II links art to reality, and reminds people (24)______the massive evacuation of Chinese people from Libya when civil war (25)______(break)out there in 2011, and from Yemen in 2015, as well as the challenges the Ebola virus created in West Africa from 2013 to 2016.The film describes (26)_______ the Chinese government aims to protect overseas Chinese citizens. Just (27)_______the message at the end of the film reads: “Citizens of the People’s Republic of China. When you encounter danger in a foreign land, do not give up! Please remember, at your back (28)_______(stand) a strong motherland.”Thanks to China’s increasing participation in global affairs, now could (29)______(consider) the right moment to introduce a modern Chinese hero.“(30)_______ up a banner of peace, friendship and responsibility, Wolf Warrior II should be seen as a brave effort to promote Chinese values around the world,” columnist Zhu Ping wrote in China Daily. “It’s time Chinese filmmakers produced f ilms that tell good stories and carry the right spirit. Let us assume Wolf Warrior II has started that trend.”Keys: 21. to taste 22. is earned 23. led 24. of 25. broke26. how 27. as 28. stands 29. be considered 30. HoldingII．Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirection: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Iceland shows off natureFound just south of the Arctic Circle, it’s far from the northernmost country on Earth. But as a travel destinations, Iceland is on top of the world.Known as‚ “the land of fire and ice”, the country has many natural wonders. As the Today website put it, “It is (21)_________ nature close Iceland to be its shop window to…remind humanity that nature is still the unstoppable force.”As the world was reminded when the Eyjafjallajökull volcano erupted six years ago, Iceland is a country “still in the making, and few other places offer the same opportunities to see the earth (22)___________ action, ” commented National Geographic magazine.Ice is Iceland’s other big attraction-to be exact, the huge glaciers which travel toward the coast, (23)___________(make) strange pools of water. Even better are the northern lights, which are (24)___________(good) to see from October to March.On Sept 28, the country’s capital Reykjavik decided to turn off all streetlights for an hour at night to give people a unique chance to enjoy the northern lights. Thanks to the glaciers and the dark sky, the bright, colourful (25)__________ (dance) lights became “a heavenly light display”, travel guidebook publisher Lonely Planet noted.And (26) __________Iceland’s unique natural features are the biggest attractions for visitors, the country also offers inspiration. Iceland has (27) _________ higher percentage of writers in its population than any other country in the world, the BBC reported. And it is not surprising (28) ___________ the country publishes more books per person than any other country in the world, reported the NPR radio station, Iceland (29)__________(be) the birthplace of important literary works and authors-from the Vikings’ Iceland sagas(传说) to author Halldór Laxness, winner of the 1955 Noble Prize in literature.“The beast in Iceland, with its harsh(严酷的) nature and bitter, ever-changing weather. We cannot escape it,” Haraldur Jonsson, an Icelandic artists, told the Observer newspaper while describing his inspiration. “So we find ways to live with it. We (30) ____________have a rich lifeto fill the empty spaces.”Keys: 21. as if 22. in 23. making 24. best 25. dancing26. although 27. a 28. that 29. has been 30. have toII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.On paper alone you would never guess that I grew up poor and hungry. These years My (21)________（recent) annual salary was over $700，000. I am a Truman National Security Fellow and a term member at the Council on Foreign Relations. My publisher has just released my latest book series on quantitative finance in worldwide distribution.(22)________of it feels like enough. I feel (23)_______ I am wired (极度紧张的)for a permanent state of fight or flight, waiting for the other shoe to drop, or the metaphorical week when I don’t eat. I’ve chosen not to have children, partly because― (24) ______any success―I still don’t feel I have a safety net. I have a huge minimum checking account balance in mind before I would ever consider having children. If you knew me personally, you (25) _______ get glimpses of stress, self-doubt, anxiety, and depression.In my childhood, I spent a lot of my time (26)________(ponder) basic questions. Where will my next meal come from? Will I have electricity tomorrow? I (27) _______ (acquaint) with the embarrassment of my mom trying to hide our food stamps at the grocery store checkout. I remember panic setting in as early as age 8, at the prospect of a perpetual uncertainty about everything in life, from food to clothes to education. I knew that the life I was living couldn’t be normal. I just wasn’t sure (28) _______it was that wrong with the tiny microcosm I was born into.As an adult I thought I’d figured that out. I’d always thought my upbringing had made me wary and cautious, in a “lessons learned” kind of way. Over the past decades, though, that narrative (29) ________ (evolve). We’ve learned that the stresses (30) _______(associate) withpoverty have the potential to change our biology in ways we hadn’t imagined. It can reduce the surface area of your brain, shorten your telomeres and lifespan, increase your chances of obesity，and make you more likely to take outsized risks.Keys: 21. most recent 22. None 23. as though 24. despite 25. might26. pondering 27. was acquainted 28. what 29. has evolved 30. associatedSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Technology offers conveniences such as opening the garage door from your car or changing the television station without touching the TV. Now one American company is offering its employees a new convenience: a microchip implanted in their hands. Employees who have these chips can do all kinds of things just by waving their hands.Three Square Market is offering to implant microchips in all of their employees (21)_______ free. Each chip costs $300 and Three Square Market will pay for the chip. Employees can volunteer to have the chips implanted in their hands. About 50 out of 80 employees (22)________(choose) to do so. The president of the company, his wife and their children are also getting chips implanted in their hands. The chip is about the size of a grain of rice. Implanting the chip only takes about a second and is said to hurt only very briefly. The chips go under the skin between the thumb and forefinger.A microchip is shown (23)________(compare)with a dime, Aug.12017, at Three Square Market in River Falls,Wis., (24)_______ the company held a “chip party” for employees who volunteered to have the microchip embedded in their hands.With a chip in the hand, a person can enter the office building, buy food, sign into computers and more, simply by waving that hand near a scanner. The chips also will be used to identify employees. Employees who want convenience, (25)_______do not want to have a microchip implanted under their skin, can wear a wristband or a ring with a chip instead. They can performthe same tasks with a wave of their hands (26)_____ ______ they had an implanted chip.Three Square Market is the first company in the United States (27)_______(offer) to offer to implant chips in its employees. Epicenter, a company in Sweden, has been implanting chips in its employees for a while. Three Square Marketing says the chip cannot track the employee. The company says scanners can read the chips only (28)_______they are within a few inches of them.Three Square Market says that the chips protect against identity theft by being encrypted, similar to credit cards. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (29)________(approve)the chips back in 2004, so they should be safe for humans, according to the company.In the future, people with the chips may be able to do more with them, even outside the office. Todd Westby is Chief Executive Officer of Three Square Market. He says, "Eventually, this technology will become standardized (30)_______(allow) you to use this as your passport, public transit, all purchasing opportunities, etc.”Keys: 21.for 22.have chosen 23. compared 24. where 25. but30. allowingSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.You know that business of business is making money. What you may not realize is : (21)_______ simple that business is. You need two fundamental ingredients—-a good product that customers want to own, and bright, charismatic people who will (22)________ sell it and, if necessary, defend it. And of the two (23)_________ (desire) product and competent people—good people are, in the long run, more important than good products.You can't expect to produce one popular product after another. You can, however, cover your bets by staffing your enterprise with superb employees who will continue to reflect the company’s strengths (24)________ __________the products are weak. It is your responsibility to keep those employees (25)___________ (perform) as well as they can. They won’t remain superb (26)_________reliable leadership and, in fact, there is a perfect time to address this issue. Mostsuccessful companies have a defining moment (27)________ profits are skyrocketing, and business (28)________not be better. That is precisely the time to look closely at your customer service. That you are earning more money than ever before (29)________ (indicate) your product is terrific, but it doesn’t necessarily mean the same about your customer service. It is the ideal time to examine your reputation and expand the success you earning from your product to include customer service.Every business wants to be known for its customer service. Although even a slow but steady giant such as Radio Shack Corporation will often come up with a hot product, it is its customer service (30)_________ keeps it in business year after year.Keys: 21. how 22.both 23.desired 24.even when 25. performing26. without 27. when 28.could 29.indicates 30.thatSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Talking with-Not Just to-Kids Powers How They Learn Language Children from the poorer begin life not only with material disadvantages but cognitive ones. Decades of research (21)_______ (confirm) this, including a famous1995 finding by psychologists Betty Hart and Todd Risley: By age four children raised in poverty have heard 30 million fewer words, on average, than their peers from wealthier families. That gap has been linked to shakier language skills at the start of school, (22)________, in turn, predicts weaker academic performance.But the sheer quantity of words a toddler hears is not the most significant influence on language acquisition. Growing evidence has led researchers to conclude quality matters more than quantity, and (23)_________(valuable)quality seems to be back-and-forth communication—what researchers call conversational turns.A paper(24)________ last week in Psychological Science brings a new kind of support tothis idea, offering the first evidence that these exchanges play a vital role in the development of Broca’s area, the brain region most closely associated with producing speech. Further, the amount of conversational turns a child experiences daily outweighs socioeconomic status in predicting (25)__________ activity in Broca’s area and the child’s language skills.The researchers confirmed the classic 1995 finding that, overall, kids from wealthier families hear more words. And small (26)_______ their sample was, they even confirmed the 30-million-word gap between the poorest and richest children. But they found that “by far the biggest driver for brain development was not the number of words spoken (27)_______the conversations,” Gabrieli says.The researchers calculated that a child’s verbal ability score increased (28)______ one point for every additional 11 conversational exchanges per hour.The study is a “very, very important” addition (29)_________ a growing body of work, says developmental psychologist Kathryn Hirsh-Pasek, director of the Infant Language Laboratory at Temple University. “We have known for quite a while that conversational turns—or (30)________in my work we call conversational duets—are very important for building a foundation for language and maybe for learning generally. What hadn’t been done is to link it where we knew it had to be linked—to changes in the brain.”Keys: 21. have confirmed 22. which 23. the most valuable 24. published 25. both26. as/though 27. but 28. by 29. to 30. whatII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.American IndiansWhen you think of a typical American, whom do you picture? A pretty blond white American like Taylor Swift? Or a handsome black American like President Barack Obama or basketball star Kobe Bryant? In fact, there was a time when the average American looked like (21)_______ ofthese people.Back in the year 1500, the average American was a brown-skinned hunter-gatherer who probably rode a horse and wore clothing (22)________ (make) from animal skins. Today, these people－who tend (23)________ (identify) themselves based on their individual tribes such as Iriquos, Apache and Navajo－are broadly referred to as “Native Americans”, “American Indians” or simply ” Indians”.You (24)________say you’ve never even heard of American Indians. That’s (25)______ there aren’t very many left. When the European settlement of North America began, there were fierce conflicts (26)_________ the settlers from overseas and these native peoples. After the Revolutionary War, conflicts with natives continued as the states were created (27)_______ would later make up the US. American Indians (28)________ (treat) were treated as a military “enemy” until 1924, when the few Indians still alive at that point were granted US citizenship.(29)________ the story of the American Indians has been a sad one, these peoples’ legacies (遗产) are still felt every day in the US. There are many US geographical names (30)_______ (come) from Indian languages, such as Ohio, Topeka, Kansas, and the Potomac River. At the same time, there are numerous successful academics and other important US leaders who are descended from Indians.Keys: 21. none 22. made 23. to identify 24. may 25. because26. between 27. that 28. were treated 29. While 30. comingSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Remember that doll you had as a kid—the one (21)_______ eyes open when it is upright and close when it’s laid down? Or maybe you were the kid that went around popping limbs off Barbies and teddy bears.Either way, it turns out that these broken toys need not worry, because Sydney’s OriginalDoll Hospital exists. And this year, it celebrates 100 years of fixing up dolls, teddy bears, rocking horses, umbrellas and more.The doll hospital (22)________(found)by Harold Chapman Sr. as part of his general store(杂货店), thanks to a shipping error. His brother was in the business of importing celluloid (合成树脂) dolls from Japan but the rubber bands (23)______ held them together would often break and the dolls would be destroyed. It was Mr. Chapman Sr. (24)_______ came up with a way to repair them. And then from such a small beginning (25)______(grow) quite a successful business as demand for doll repairs increased.The business was taken over in the 1930s by Harold’s son, Harold Chapman Jr., who relocated the Doll hospital and expanded the business to include repairs (26)________other toys, leather goods, umbrellas, etc.The real boom came with World War II. Restrictions on manufacturing and importing goods to Australia meant that children and collectors (27)________make do with their old dolls instead of buying new ones and more repairs were needs. At one point during the war, the hospital had 70 “nurses” working in six different repair rooms. By its 95th birthday, the hospital (28)_______ (carry out)a staggering 2.5 million repairs.Now the hospital has been passed onto the third generation of the Chapman family, (29)________Harold Jr.’s son, Geoff, now in charge. Despite changing technology, which means many modern children are (30)________(interested)in the latest gadgets(小玩意) or computer games, the business is still going strong, with dolls sent from all over Australia and even across the sea from New Zealand for repair.Keys: 21. whose 22. was founded 23. that/which 24. that/who 25. grew26. to 27. had to 28. had carried out 29. with 30. more interestedSection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Speeding off in a stolen car,the thief thinks he has got a great catch.But he is going to experience (21)________unwelcome surprise.The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer（锁止器）,and a radio signal from a control center miles away will ensure that (22)_______the thief switches the engine off,he will not be able to start it again.The idea goes like this.A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone,a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS（全球定位系统）satellite positioning receiver.If the car is stolen,a coded cellphone signal will tell the control center to block the vehicle's engine management system and prevent the engine (23)________being restarted.In the UK,a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves."The pattern of vehicle crime has changed,"says Martyn Randall,a security expert.He says (24)________would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car,using a bare minimum of tools.But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are much (25)_______(tough) to steal, (26)_______their engine management computer won't allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition（点火）key.In the UK,technologies like this (27)_______ achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars,often by getting hold of the owner's keys.And key theft is responsible for 40% of the thefts of vehicles fitted with a (28)_______(track)system.If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID,the system will send a signal to an operations centre (29)_______it has been stolen.The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal.Staff at the centre will then contact the owner (30)______that the car really is missing,and keep police informed of the vehicle's movements via the car's GPS unit.Keys: 21.an 22.once23.from 24.it 25.tougher26.as 27.have helped 28.tracking 29.that 30.to confirmII. Grammar and Vocabulary (20分)Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.To have a fruitful discussion, teachers need to decide what seating arrangement is best for their own class and be prepared to experiment with different methods. (21)_______method is adopted, it should help and be productive of dialogue between children as well as between teacher and child. Within the physical setting, children and teachers should agree (22)_______a discussion takes place.Why are rules necessary for discussion? This may be a question to ask the children. If children are given freedom to talk, why are there rules that will restrict that freedom? The golden rule is of course that one’s own freedom (23)_______not interfere with the freedom of others. Individuals within a democratic community have equal rights. A child who talks all the time (24)_________(deny) the rights of others to be heard. Each person should be allowed an equal chance to speak and to put forward their own point of view and if we wish (25)________(listen) to, then we should listen to others. There is no point giving a point of view (26)________someone is listening. (27)________of us are capable of listening to more than one person at a time, so another basic rule should be: only one person to speak at a time. Listening implies not only hearing the words but paying attention to the meaning of (28)_______is being said. This is not a natural thing for children to do. School is typically a place where children learn to listen to the teacher but not to each other. The skills of listening need to be practiced. The ideal discussion, (29)_______everyone listens to the speaker and then each is allowed to reply, is rare among adults, let alone children. It works (30)_______(well) when certain ground-rules for discussion are followed.Keys: 21. Whichever22. how 23. should 24. denies25. to be listened26. unless 27. None28. what29. in which30. betterI. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Victorian village children had little more than their surroundings and their imaginings with (21)________ to content themselves. Francis Kilvert came across this happy scene one day in January 1870: In the Common Field in front of the cottages, I found two little figures in the dusk. One tiny naughty boy (22)_______(bind) a handkerchief carefully round the face of another even more tiny than (23) ________ was Fred and Jerry Savine. “What are you doing to him?” I asked Fred. “Please, sir,” said the child seriously, “we are going to play seek-and-hide.” The two children were quite alone, but they went on seriously with their game (24)______ _______ they were in a magnificent playground with dozens of children to play with. Oh, the wealth of a child’s imagination and capacity for enjoyment of minor stuff.Sometimes their fun served all the family---blackberrying, (25)__________(nut) or picking apples in autumn----though often it was to gather for themselves a little of (26)__________the countryside had to offer. Sybil Marshall and her friends in Cambridgeshire explored and enjoyed the world that lay all around them. Looking back to her childhood she wrote：“We dug up tansy roots(27)______(eat) and filled our pockets with wheat whenever we could. We then went on to gather different sorts of flowers to dress ourselves up to play “King and Queen”.’Children played in the Victorian countryside-- and shopkeeping was one of their games. They also worked. Laboring families were among the largest in the country for the reason that almost as soon as they could walk and talk, the children (28)______(expect) to help in some way. The help might be (29)________ the form of small domestic duties, though in areas of cottage industry girls would be made to learn handicraft skills at an early age. And there were always jobs to be done outside--gathing branches or running errands-- and pennies to be earned from tasks such as scaring birds or picking stones from the fields. Farmers would prevent children working together, (30)________ they would soon turn to play: ‘Two boys is half a boy, and three boys no boys at all.’ At harvest, everyone, of any age, took part in the communal effort.Keys: 21. which 22.was binding 23. himself 24.as if 25. nutting26. what 27.to eat 28.would be expected 29.in 30.as/for/because/sinceII. Grammar and Vocabulary (共20分每题1分)Section ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank."How should a Nobel laureate dress?" asked Kazuo Ishiguro, who, 40 minutes earlier, had found out he (21)_______(award) the Nobel Prize for Literature.To say the news was unexpected is an understatement. He literally couldn't believe it.(22)_______ that was, his phone began to ring constantly, an orderly queue of TV crews started to form outside his front door ("how do they all know where I live?"), and his publishers dispatched a top team to his house as back-up.This was not fake news. This was delightful, surprising news. Maybe there were others who(23)_______ (win) instead, he wondered. "But that is the nature of prizes. They are a lottery."(24)_______ chaos reigned around him, he was calm, assured and thoughtful,(25)_______(talk) (after nipping upstairs to fetch a smart jacket for our interview) about his belief in the power of stories and (26)_______ those that he wrote would often explore wasted lives and opportunities."I've always had (27)______faith that it should be possible, if you tell stories in a certain way, to transcend barriers of race, class and ethnicity."For me, he is one of the great living writers working in any language. All writers can tell stories. Ishiguro tells stories on (28)_______ level.He places the reader in some sort of alternative reality - which might be the future, it might be the present, it might be the past. They feel like places that are whole and real, (29)______ you don't know them.They're weird and not necessarily happy places. But they're places that you can inhabit and relate to, and you become deeply involved with the characters. That's the writer's job ---he just does it (30)________ (good) than most.Keys: 21. had been awarded 22. .Until 23. should have won 24. .While/Though/ Although25. Talking 26. how 27. a 28.another 29. but 30. better。
上海市2017-2019年三年中考英语试卷分类汇编：阅读理解
上海三年中考英语试卷汇编-阅读理解2019B.Choose the best answer and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）（12分）This month，we had the honor of interviewing and six local change-makers aged from 11 to 17.These weren’t stopped by their age or size or lack of resources ，they sawa75in the world around them and to step hep where they could. They support female soldiers raise money through their efforts，teach other kids about life lessons，and use their free time to76the old trees we love so dearly in the community. Each of them had adults in their lives encouraging and supporting their work.We were also honored to interview a famous writer for his new book，Start Now! You Can Be a Change-maker. The book explains some of the world's big problems-hunger，health and animals in danger-in a way that young children can understand. The book shows them，through other kids' stories，how they can make a77，too. In our interview with the writer，he shares that each time his children take a small action，such as recycling，he talks with them. He uses the moment to discuss how small changes can achieve a great effect. It's a step any of us can take to help children realize how78they are.At this time of year，we often hear lots of questions from parents. The most one is，"What volunteer chances are ther e for young children under 16?”The kids in the interview and in the book show us that parents don't have to find an organized event for their kids to take part in. They can create their own chances. As parents，teachers，aunts，uncles，and friends，it's our job to 80for what speaks to a child's heart，help them take that first step，and watch what their little hands can do.Start now，and you can raise a change-maker.Editor of P ARENTS Magazine75.A）sign B）need C）reason D）change76.A）worry about B）climb up C）care for D）cut down77.A）plan B）mistake C）decision D）difference78.A）powerful B）generous C）happy D）ache79.A）private B）useful C）common D）easy80.A）listen B）pay C）wait D）eaveVI.A.69.A70.B71.D72.C73.D 74.BB.75.B76.C77.D78.A79.C80.A2018A, Choose the best answer(根据以下内容,选择最恰当的答案)(12分)Summer is a great time to improve your child’s reading! Reading over the summer can help your child keep up his reading gains during the past school year AND also help prepare him for the next year!How to sign up:We are inviting you to sign up for free to help your child be an active reader this summer!*Go to www. read fun org*Select" Parent"(NOT" Teacher")*Click on the blue" Sign Up"What we provide:We provide you with thousands of free, high-quality articles with questions and activities. To make summer reading easy, we have selected interesting and knowledge-filled articles of different levels. You can go to www. /summer-reading to download and print the articles for free.How to use:TIP 1: Articles for summer reading should be accessible, so be sure to choose articles at your child’s reading level. Don’t be afraid to star with articles of lower grade levels. The important thing is that he reads, reads, reads!TIP 2: It’s also important to help your kid develop good reading habits help him keep a good record of his summer reading. Besides, encourage him to discuss what he has read with family members. That way, you will all have a good time.We wish you and your family a great summer!69. The first two sentences of the text above are about________.A)different types of books B)the coming school yearC)the importance of summer reading D)good places for summer reading70. One of the steps for parents to sign up on www. is to______.A) select “Parent " B )finish a test C)choose a tip D)print an article71. What does www. provide?A)Online teachers. B)Pen friends' information.C)Interesting videos D )Articles of different levels72.The underlined word "accessible" in the text means "easy to_____”.A) write B)discuss C)understand D)compare73. According to TIP 2, parents should help their kids develop___good reading habit(s).A) 1 B)2 C)3 D)474. The text above is written to ____.A)introduce a reading programme B)sell books to school kidsC)encourage parents to read more D) share reading experienceB. Choose the best answer and complete the passage(选择最恰当的选项完成短文)(12分)Chins Mobile 4G 16:74 43%Teaching material discussion group (15)Hi! I 'm doing a survey am teaching materials in school. What kind oftextbooks do you use? Do you think the use g∫photocopied(复印的)netbooks and newspaper articles in the classroom can be accepted? Pleasegive your_____75.The use of such materials is certainly not ____76 for writers. Textbooksare like other creative works. Many people have to put their efforts in thewriting of a book. The efforts of the writers and publishers will be totallywasted if everyone photocopies their textbooks. I can’t imagine that!I don' t think it right to use photocopied materials even in the classroombecause it's against the law. Teachers should set a good example for theirstudents by ______77 the law.Copied books are as good as copyrighted(正版的)ones, but they don't_____78 much, usually less than half the price. In addition, it is so_____79 to use copied materials. When we want to share something goodwe just have it photocopied. I think photocopying is OK because publishers are still making a lot of money anyway.Most of the time, teachers make sure their students do not use photocopiedmaterials. But I know some teachers do use photocopied newspaper articlessometimes, as their students are eager to learn more to widen their views. As you know, teachers always put the _____80 of students above anything else. After all, you can't expect all the students to buy newspapersWow! Thank you for sharing so many ideas!75. A)thanks B)lessons C) excuses D)opinions76.A)easy B)fair C)common D)traditional77.A)changing B)explaining C)respecting D)making78.A)save B)affect C)offer D)cost79 A)convenient B)strange C)exciting D)difficult80.A)actions B)needs C)records D)attitudesA篇69.C 通过关键词summer is a great time to improve reading 以及hedp…可知两句的作用是讲summer reading的重要性。
2019届上海市各高中学校高三英语试题分类汇编--语法填空(带答案精准校对提高版)
II．Grammar and Vocabulary Section ASection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The expression, “everybody’s doing it,” is very much at the center of the concept of peer pressure. It is a strong influence of a group, especially of children, (21)________members of that group to behave as everybody else does. It can be positive or negative. Most people experience it in some way during their lives.People are social creatures by nature, and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self-respect comes from the approval of others. This instinct is (22)_______ the approval of peers, or the fear of disapproval, is such a powerful force in many peoples lives. It is the same instinct that drives people (23)_______(dress) one way at home and another way at work, or to answer “fine” when a stranger asks “how are you?” (24)_____ _______ it is not necessarily true. There is (25)______ practical aspect to this: it helps society to function efficiently, and encourages a general level of self-discipline that simplifies day-to-day interaction.For certain individuals, seeking social acceptance is so important (26)_______ it becomes like an addiction; in order to satisfy the desire, they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong. Teens and young adults (27)______ feel forced to use drugs, or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior. Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt (28)______ they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can’t afford in an effort to “keep up with the Joneses.”However, peer pressure is not always negative. A student whose friends are good at academics may (29)_____ ______ (urge) to study harder and get good grades. Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win. This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs, or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one. Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure. They teach kids to stand up and be (30)_______, and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believeare wrong. Similarly, it can be helpful to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positive peer groups.Keys: 21on 22 why 23 to dress 24 even if 25 a26 that 27 may 28 because 29 be urged 30 themselvesII．Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirection: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Victorian village children had little more than their surroundings and the imaginings (21)______ ______ to content themselves. Francis Kilvert came across this happy scene one day in January 1870:” In the Common Field in front of the cottages(村舍) I found two little figures in the dusk. One tiny naughty boy (22)______(bind) a handkerchief carefully round the face of another even more tiny than (23)______. It was Fred and Jerry Savine. “What are you doing to him?”, I asked Fred. “Please, Sir,” said the child seriously, “we are going to play seek-and-hide.” The two children were quite alone, bu they went on seriously with their game （24）______ _____ they were in a magnificent playground with dozens of children to play with. Oh, the wealth of a child’s imagination and capacity for enjoyment of minor stuff.Sometimes their fun served all the family--blackberrying, (25)______(nut) or picking apples in autumns--though often it was to gather for themselves a little of (26)______ the countryside had to offer. Sybil Marshall and her friends in Cambridgeshire explored and en joyed the world that lay all around them. Looking back to her childhood she wrote: “We dug up tansy roots (27)______(eat) and filled our pockets with wheat whenever we could. We then went on w gather different sorts of flowers to dress ourselves up to play”Kings and Queens”.Children played in the Victorian countryside-- and shopkeeping was one of their games. They also worked Labouring families were among the largest in this country for the reason that almost as soon as they could walk and talk the children (28)_______(expect) to help in some way. The help might be (29)______ the form of small domestic duties, though in areas of cottage industry girls would be made to learn handicraft skills at an early age. And there were always jobs to bedone outside--gathering branches or running errands-- and promises to be carried from tasks such as scaring birds or picking stones from the fields. Farmers would prevent children working together, (30)______ they would soon turn to play. “Two boys is half a boy, and three boys no boys at all. At harvest, everyone, of any age, took part in the communal effort.The earthquake of 26th December 2004 resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memory. It was a (31) _____ underwater quake and occurred in the Indian Ocean. It (32) ________ coastlines, communities and brought death to many people.Keys: 21. with which 22. was binding 23. himself 24. as if/as though 25. nutting26. what 27. to eat 28. would be expected 29. in 30. since /as /because/forII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Car Cleaner Sent to PrisonLast week, cleaner Peter Blain was sent to prison for six years after (21)________ (find) guilty of stealing. Blain is no ordinary, however, and at first, police were confused about the case. The fact was that over a period of months, Blain cleaned thirty-six cars. This (22)_________not sound like a crime, but they were not his cars, it was not his job and he (23)_________(not pay) to clean them.All the cars, many of (24)________had a price of more than ￡40,000 each, were stolen from expensive car showrooms in the Midlands area of England. Blain was able to steal the cars using a technique which he perfected over time. He walked into car showrooms and pretended that he wanted to buy a car. He then chose a car and said he wanted test-drive it. He drove away from roads, never (25)_________(come) back, absolutely spotless inside and out. Blain washed and clean each one (26)_________leaving it. He was called, “the man you would most want to steal your car” by one judge.When asked in court, Blain revealed that he stole cars in order to make (27)________feelimportant. He explained that he was a cleaner who didn’t have his own car. So, he drove each car to a different street and spent time cleaning it. He said he felt happy when people saw him and thought the car was (28)__________.When the police finally worked out what was happening, Blain was arrested at his home in Sheffield. (29)_________the cars weren’t damaged and he didn’t sell the cars for his own financial benefit, Judge Alan Goldsack told him that a long prison sentence was inevitable. The judge explained that the owners of the car showrooms were victims and (30)_________Blain’s actions did affect their business.Keys: 21.being found 22. may 23. wasn’t paid24. which ing26. before27. himself28. his29. Although/ Though/ While30. thatII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Documentary in Japan Reveals Dark HistoryEvery September 2 --a day marking Japan’s surrender in the War of Aggression Against China --is a sensitive day for China and Japan. It has become routine (21)______ on the day Japan’s prime minister gives an empty speech and China urges Japan to reflect upon the history. This year, however, Japanese broadcaster NHK’s independent voice won universal praise in China.Last month, NHK, Japan’s national public broadcasting organization, broadcast a documentary titled The Truth of Unit 731. Unit 731 was a secret chemical warfare development of unit of the Japanese military during WWII. Set up around 1936 in Harbin, it conducted cruel experiments (22)______ live human beings to test chemical weapons. Most of the victims were Chinese, some of (23)______ were children. The unit is a subject seldom touched in Japan. The authorities have been eager to cover up that part of history. The documentary, however, reveals the cold-blooded truth to the public.“I have seen no one who left the camp alive after (24)______(experiment) on,” said an officer of Unit 731. Another officer told NHK that (25)______(cover) up their crimes, the unit killed all the people who survived their experiments. “The war was so cruel... it was something that (26)______ never have happened,” he said with tears in eyes in the documentary.In China, Unit 731 has had such a bad reputation that even kids in kindergarten(27)______(hear) about it. The documentary immediately caught Chinese audience’s attention(28)______ was widely discussed on China’s social media. Many netizens praised NHK’s courage and called it a “station with a conscience” for releasing the documentary at such a sensitive time.When (29)______(ask) about China’s opinion on the documentary, the Foreign Ministry spokesperson replied that the country appreciates the courage of (30)______ who chose to reveal the historical truth. Meanwhile, she urged the Japanese government again to deeply reflect upon the history of aggression by the Japanese military.Keys: 21. that 22.on 23.whom 24.being experimented 25. to cover26.should 27.have heard 28.and 29.asked 30.thoseSection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The Crown Plaza Hotel in Copenhagen is offering a free meal to any guest who is able to produce electricity for the hotel on an exercise bike linked to a generator(发电机). The idea is to get people fit and reduce their carbon footprint. Guests will have to produce at least 10 watt hours of electricity-roughly 15 minutes of cycling for someone of average fitness. Guests staying at Plaza Hotel will ______21_____（give）meat tickets worth $ 36 _____22_____they have produced 10 watt hours of electricity. The bicycles will have smart phones ____23______ (attach) to the handlebars measuring how much power _____24_____ (generate) for the hotel.The plan, a world-first, _____25______ (start) on 19 April and run for a year. Only guests staying at the hotel will be able to take part. Fredericka Tomemmergaard, hotel spokeswoman,said, “Many of our visitors are business people who enjoy going to the gym. There ____26______be people who will cycle just _____27_____(get) a free meal, but generally I don’t think people will take advantage of our programme.”Copenhagen has a long-standing cycling tradition and 36% of locals cycle to work each day, one of _____28______(high) percentages in the world , according to the websites visitcopenhagen dk. US environmental website treehugger com recently voted Copenhagen the world’s best city for cyclists. “____29___Copenhagen is strongly connected with cycling, we felt the bicycle would work well _______30___a symbol of the hotel’s green profile(形象).”If successful, the electric bicycle meal programme will be spread to all Crowne Plaza hotels in the UK, the hotel said in a statement.Keys: 21. be given 22. once 23. attached 24. is being generated 25. will start26. might 27. to get 28. the highest 29. Because 30. asII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.AA young man was getting ready to graduate from college.For many months he had wanted a beautiful sports car in a show room,and (21)_______(know) his father could well afford it,he told him that was all he wanted.As Graduation Day came near,the young man expected signs(22)______that his father had bought the gift.Finally,on the morning of his graduation,his father called him into his own study and told him how proud he was(23)________(have) such a fine son,and told him how much he loved him.He handed his son a beautifully wrapped gift box.Curious,and somewhat disappointed,the young man opened the box and found a lovely,leather(24)_________(bind) Bible, with the young man's name pressed in gold.Angry,he raised his voice to his father,and said "With all your money,you give me a Bible?" and stormed(25)_________the house.Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business.He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, (26)________realized his father was very old,and thought perhaps he should go to him.However,(27)________he could make arrangements,he received a telegram(28)_______(tell) him his father had passed away, and willed all his possessions to his son.When he arrived at his father's house,sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.He began to search through his father's important papers and saw the still gift-wrapped Bible just as he (29)_________(leave) had left it years ago.With tears,he opened the Bible and began to turn the pages.Suddenly,a car key dropped from the back of the Bible.It had a tag,which(30)________(read) the date of his graduation on it,and the words PAID IN FULL.BThe need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world's supply of water. (31)_________97% of the world's water too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture,the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. (32)_______the idea of a water shortage seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country,many of the world's agricultural industries (33)________(experience) constant water shortages.Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons,the costs of water redistribution are very high.Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself,but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. (34)________valleys（山谷）are flooded to create dams,houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides,water may flow easily through pipes to fields,but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to (35)_________.Each country (36)_________ therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation.In Texas, farmers overuse of irrigation water (37)_______ (result) in a 25% reduction of the water stores.In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA,a huge water engineering project provided water (38)________ farming in dry valleys,but much of the water use has been poorly managed.Saudi Arabia's attempts (39)________ (grow) wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping ofhuge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves.Because there is no rainfall in these areas,such reserves can only decrease,and it is believed that fifty years of pumping (40)_______ (see) them run dry.Keys: 21.knowing 22.that 23.to have 24.bound 25.out of26.but 27.before 28.telling 29.had left 30.read31.With 32.Although 33.experience 34.Where 35.the other36.must 37.has result 38.for39.to grow 40.will seeII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.“Have you gotten married received a salary raise?” “Have you bought a house?”Are you familiar with these questions starting with have you?If you answer is yes, and you are getting sick of answering these questions, you probably have become a member of the “home-fear group”.The “home-fear group” refers to (21)________ feeling anxious about returning home during the spring Festival, they have deep concerns about going back home for such factors as heavy economic pressure, high cost of the festival, the troubles of buying tickets, the long distance of the journey and exposure of private matters (22)________ (involve) family or love life.Now, a special song has been tailor-made for this group.The seven-minute song utilizes a choir style and rap. The beginning of the song (23)_______(sing) by the choir, which involves a family scene (24)________ a recently returned young adult is asked a series of questions by family members. After the “question attack” from relatives, the young man decides to reflect (25)________ his past and also defend himself through rap.According to the official Weibo account of Shanghai rainbow indoor chorus, This is more than just a funny song but a useful guide for young people, a careful listen to some of the lyrics will inspire you on (26)________ to wisely answer many spring festival specific questions.“It is a very interesting yet brainwashing song, truly describing the (27)________ (satisfactory) situation quite a few young Chinese people have been trapped in” Sina Weibo user Santilin clouds said.According to a survey recently conducted among 1,918, young people have been by the research center at China Youth Daily, an overwhelming 86.4 percent of interviewees think it is necessary (28)_______ (return) to their homeland during the spring Festival, (29)______ _______ they are afraid of losing face for an average life or career.“Indeed, we (30)_______ not be that good but we will work hard in the future. That's enough! After all, the essence of spending the Spring Festival is reunion not compression,” the song echoes the theme at the ending.Keys: 21. those 22. involving 23. is sung 24. where 25. on26. how 27. less satisfactory 28. to return 29. even if 30. mayDirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.In most industrialized countries about 105 boys are born for every 100 girls, for a ratio of 1.05, known as the secondary sex ratio, or SSR; the primary sex ratio is the ratio at conception. This is often expressed as the percentage of boys among all births, or about 51.2 percent. The percentage of males among all births is not fixed, however. Since the 1950s and 1960s the overall SSR (21)__________ (decline) in the U.S., Canada and several European countries. There are also both personal and environmental factors that affect the average sex ratio.(22)_________chance of having a boy appears (23)__________(decline) with the mother's age, the father's age and the number of children the family already has. These effects are small. One study in Denmark found that the SSR of children born to fathers younger than 25 was 51.6 percent, which decreased (24)_________51.0 percent among children of fathers at least 40 years of age. Therefore it is unlikely that the declining SSR in many countries results solely fromlarge-scale changes in such personal factors. With regard to environmental factors, improved prenatal and obstetrical care during the first part of the 20th century is largely responsible for an (25)_________(increase) SSR over this period in many countries. The male fetus is more susceptible to loss in the womb than is the female fetus, so with more conceptions reaching term, proportionally more males are born.It is difficult to discern how much of the decrease in sex ratio since the 1950s arises from contaminants in the environment. What is known is that drug use, high occupational exposures and environmental accidents (26)__________ affect SSR. For example, hopeful mothers (27)_________ (take) clomiphene citrate (Clomid) for infertility bore babies with an SSR of only 48.5 percent. Workers producing 1,2- dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP), a chemical used to kill worms in agriculture, experienced even larger decreases in the number of male babies . Effects of DBCP on sperm quality (28)__________ (discover) incidentally when male workers found that they were unable to father children. After the exposure ended, male workers experienced some recovery of sperm quality and 36 children were born to 44 workers. Of these 36 children only 10 were boys--an SSR of just 27.8 percent.These dramatic changes resulting from extreme exposures raise the concern that chemicals in the environment at (29)_________ (low) concentrations may also change the SSR by exposing people over longer periods of time. For example, there are reports that parental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and mercury, each of which is widely distributed in the environment, can affect the sex ratio. (30)___________(confirm)such effects will take careful work on large populations, but the results may be quite important.Keys: 21.has declined /has been declining 22.The 23.to decline 24.to 25. increased26. can 27.taking 28. were discovered 29.lower 30.ConfirmingII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.There seems never (21)______ (be) a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.In the ancient world, as is today, most boys (22)________ (play) with some kinds of toys and most girls with others. In societies (23)________ social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls (24)_________ (prepare), even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.(25)_________ is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. The changes have been mostly (26)_________ craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology.It is the universality (普遍性) of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present (27)_______ is amazing. In Egypt, America, China, Japan and among the Arctic (北极的) people, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life (28)________ toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.Because toys (29)________ be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the cart to the automobile is a direct line of ways up. The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3,000 BC to (30)_________ used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness (独创性). Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials.Keys: 21. to have been 22. played 23. where 24. are [being] prepared 25. What26.in 27.that 28.because 29.can 30.oneII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Feds Want to Know Who’s Protesting TrumpInternet companies often receive requests by law enforcement (21)________ customer info. to help with ongoing investigation. Rarely, however, (22)________ a court order hit up a Web hosting company for upwards of 1.3 million IP addresses to find out who’s been visiting a particular Web site.That’s exactly what happened recently when the U.S. Justice Department tried to get the company DreamHost to turn over contact info, e-mails, photos and data related to a Web site called DisruptJ20. DisruptJ20 (23)________(involve) in organizing protests against the Trump administration.DreamHost bristled at the court order and filed (24)________ appeal. Company special counsel Chris Ghazarian told me that DreamHost rarely gets requests to turn over that much client information. IP addresses, in particular, can identify (25)________ computers visited a site, when they visited, what they viewed and for how long. IP addresses can also be used to reveal a Web user’s identity.The Justice Department later revised its request, (26)________ (say) it was not going to force DreamHost to turn over text and photos from blog posts written but never (27)________ (post) to DisruptJ20.A Washington, D.C., Superior Court then further amended the government’s request. The judge asked the Justice Department to list the names of all government investigators who will have access to DreamHost’s data and to explain how it will search through the data to gather evidence against Trump dissenters. Justice (28)________ (bar) from sharing the information with other government agencies.We’ll see whether the government ends up prosecuting anyone (29)________(use) DreamHost’s data. If that happens it could drive digital civil disobedience to encrypted mobile apps or possibly the Dark web, a largely uncharted online realm (30)________ it’s easier to remain anonymous.That would raise disturbing questions about the state of citizens’ First Amendment11 rights in the U.S. these days.Keys: 21. for 22. will 23 has been involved 24. an 25. which26. saying 27. posted 28. is barred 29. using 30. whereII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Hair products have risen sharply in popularity over the past decade. The average woman spends about $50,000 on her hair over her lifetime and almost two hours a week (21) (style) her hair. What is the reason for the high interest in hair maintenance? This is not just because women believe that appearances are important, (22) also because hair represents their personality, thoughts and beliefs."I’m having a bad hair day!" Many women have said it. For them a bad hair day equals a bad day: when their hair is too frizzy (卷曲的),too dry, turning grey or falling out, their self-esteem is seriously affected. The ties (23)_____ hair and self-esteem is evident throughout history, philosophy and even religion.To some extent, hair has become a big part of women's identity. It helps define the persona (人物角色）they aim to create to impress others, whether as an intellectual or a rebel. Hair can also influence the way (24) they define themselves, as an extension of their identity.Blonde women, for example, often have to justify themselves about "not being dumb." Nevertheless, a significant percentage of white women have recently dyed their hair blonde. That may be attributed to the fact that blonde women are relatively (25) (attractive) to the opposite sex. Meanwhile, brunettes (26)________ (depict) as competent and red-haired women are believed to be "fiery (暴躁的)."However, (27)________most women can choose to change their hair as they wish, we often hear that some religions force women to cover their hair. And in Brazil, the Dominican Republic and many other Latin American countries, hairstyles are so important that women feel the need to straighten their hair to land a job. Hair really matters, as Hillary Clinton told Yale graduates in her commencement speech back in 2001. "'Your hair will send significant messages to those around you --- (28)________hopes and dreams you have for the world and for your hair"In a sense, the time and money (29)________ (spend) on their hair isn't just the exercise of personal preferences. It tells everyone how they feel about (30)________and their ability to。
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上海初高中英语教学(SHCG-English)
优质完形填空汇编01(共9篇)
第 1 页共10 页
2017.11.28七校英语
In interviews, famous people often say that the key to becoming both happy and successful is to
But _____41_____ a skill, even one that you deeply love, calls for plenty of drills. Any challenging activity —from computer programming to playing a musical instrument to athletics —requires _____42_____ practice. A perfect golf swing or faultless butterfly stroke (蝶泳) takes countless hours of practice and repetitions to perfect.
Anyone who wants to have a good command a skill must go through the _____43_____ of practice, critical feedback, polish, and increasing improvement again, again, and again. Some people seem able to concentrate on practicing an activity like this for years and take _____44_____ in their gradual improvement. Yet others find this kind of focused, time-intensive work to be _____45_____ or boring. Why?
The _____46_____ may depend on the ability to enter into a state of “flow,” the feeling of being completely involved in what you are doing. Flow states can happen in the course of any activity, and they are most common when a task has definite goals and where the individual is able to _____47_____ their performance to clear and immediate feedback.
Csikszentmihalyi suggested that those who most _____48_____ entered into flow states had an “autotelic personality
”—
a tendency to seek out challenges and get into a state of flow. While those without such a personality see difficulties, autotelic individuals see opportunities to build skills and they have low levels of self-centeredness. Such people, with their ability to focus on tasks rather than rewards have a great _____49_____ over others in developing their innate (天生的) abilities. But how can we get into a flow state for an activity so that we enjoy both the process of improving skills and the _____50_____ of being a master?
_____51_____ for those of us who don
’t necessarily possess an autotelic personality, there is evidence that flow
states can be _____52_____ by environmental factors. For instance, in Montessori schools, students do not study by following direct instruction. _____53_____, they are encouraged to develop and pursue personal interests. Competition is _____54_____ and grading is not emphasized. Students are grouped together according to shared interests, rather than separated by ability.
While there isn
’t yet a pill that can turn dull practice into an exciting activity for anyone, it is comforti ng that we
seem to be able to advance into flow states. By giving ourselves unstructured, open-ended time, minimum distractions, and a task set at a moderate level of _____55_____, we may be able to love what we ’re doing while we put in the hard
work practicing the things we love doing. 41. A. functioning B. stimulating C. enriching D. mastering 42. A. fixed
B. concentrated
C. paralleled
D. instructed 43. A. transformation B. substitute C. cycle D. condition 44. A. pleasure B. pride C. an interest D. part 45. A. frustrating B. rewarding C. ignorant C. poisonous 46. A. objection B. standard C. principle D. distinction 47. A. adjust B. devote C. apply D. expose 48. A. deliberately B. readily C. hesitantly D. flexibly 49. A. feature B. control C. advantage D. sympathy 50. A. reward B. jealousy C. security D. contribution 51. A. Unexpectedly B. Fortunately C. Typically D. Obviously 52. A. influenced B. extended C. cultivated D. bridged 53. A. Otherwise B. Therefore C. Furthermore D. Instead 54. A. advocated B. suspended C. discouraged D. observed 55. A. priority B. difficulty
C. curiosity
D. identity
原文出处：
/blog/how-to-learn-to-love-to-practice 41-55 DBCAA
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