高中虚拟语气(课堂PPT)

3. were to
dVo.(原)wdo/umlidg/hctou+lVd./s(h原ou)l
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1. If I had 5000yuan, I would buy a computer.
2. If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. （与现在事实相反）
3. If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made a mistake.
三. 虚拟语气特殊句型:

1. wish 的宾语 从句
现在: 过去时（were） 过去: 过去完成时 未来: would/could/might +V. should
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I wish I were as tall as you.
I wish every day were my birthday.
4. He insisted that he _d_i_d_n__’t__st_e_a_l__ the wallet(没有
偷钱包).
以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句 包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句也 要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。
即：(should)＋V.
order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire
insist
① 表“坚决要求”,虚拟, should + do; ②表“坚称,坚持说”,陈述语气,表事实。
suggest
①表“建议”，虚拟, should + do; ②表“表明、暗示” ，用陈述语气。
1. The teacher suggested that we _(_s_h_o_u__ld__)_p_r_a_c_tise
more after class. （我们课后多练习）
2. The look on her face suggested that she
___w_a__s__happy 3. He insisted that all of us _s_h_o_u_l_d__b_e__there on
time by any means. （我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿）
rest • 4)It is suggested that Tom have a rest. • 5)The king ordered that the prisoner be
killed the next day.
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虚拟语气
虚拟语气的概念
• 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用 来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而 是一种假设、猜测、愿望等(在条件从句中 或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿 望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、 主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。
4.）He telephoned to inform me of your
birthday , or I would have known nothing
about it .(连词)
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5 . If only …要是就好了 If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice!! If only I were to see him again!
1.）Without sunlight, there would be no life
on our planet.
2.）But for your help, I wouldn’t have
finished the work.
3.）I was ill that day .otherwise , I would have taken part in the sports meet.(副词)
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虚拟语气
一. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法(3种)。
条件 If 从句的谓语形 从句 式
主句的谓语形式
现在
V. + ed (were)
would/could/shoul d/might +V (原)
过去
had done
would/could/shoul d/might+have+p.p.
1.V.+ ed. 未来2. should+
4. If he had been there, it wouldn’t have
happened.
（与过去事实相反） 8
2、错综时间的虚拟句
通常情况下,在非真实条件句中主句和从句的 谓语动词所指时间是一致的, 但有时也可能指 不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用不 同的谓语动词形式.
1. If I were you, I would have taken his advice. (从句指现在, 主句指过去)。
要是我们的父母和我们住在一起就好了。 要是我没错过火车就好了！
If only our parents lived with us! If only I hadn’t missed the train!
PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks. a. If they w__e_r_e (be) here, they
我们该去睡觉了。 It’s time that we went to bed . It’s time that we should go to bed.
4. It’s necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即 （should）+动词原形
• 5)He was shaking with fright as if he had seen a ghost.
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• 1)He insisted that I should have a rest. • 2)His suggestion that Tom have a rest
is accepted. • 3)His suggestion is that Tom have a
Should he fail in the experiment…
If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
Had you come a few….
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4. without, but for，or和otherwise 构成虚拟。 but for要不是，or否则（含蓄条件句）
这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气 用法。即从句中的动词 使用should + 动词原 形，或者将should省略。
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我们建议Tom 去休息一下。 他坚决要求我到场。 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。
We suggested that Tom have a rest. He insisted that I (should )be present.
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一、非真实条件句（if等）中的虚拟语气 1.时态一致 2. 错综时间的虚拟句 3.倒装句 2.4.含蓄条件句 5. If only 感叹 二、名词性从句的虚拟语气：
宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
三、几种特殊的虚拟语气句式
wish、as if/though、would rather、It’s time … It’s necessary/strange/matural/inportant+that从
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If he _h_a_d__d_r_iv_e_n_ （drive）more carefully, he _w_o_u_l_d__n_o_t_h_a_v_e_h_a_d_(not have) the car accident yesterday.
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二. 名词性从句的虚拟语气。 主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。 1.宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持：insist 两个命令：order, command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose 五个要求：demand , require, request, desire ask
The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.
They requested that we (should) send them to work there.
虚拟语气在：在宾语从句中
注意:insist / suggest 各有两意思，要用不同的语气
句
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1)If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. 2)If I had taken your advice ,I wouldn’t have made the mistake. 3)If I had been there, it wouldn’t have happened. • 4)If it rained tomorrow, we would not go shopping.
Subjunctive Mood
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1)If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. 2)If I had taken your advice ,I wouldn’t have made the mistake. 3)If I had been there, it wouldn’t have happened. • 4)If it rained tomorrow, we would not go shopping.
2. If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now. (从句指过去,主句指现在)。