高中英语：分词分为现在分词和过去分词知识点分析 人教版
现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别
现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别现在分词（动词-ing形式）和过去分词的主要差别在于：现在分词表示“主动和进行”，过去分词表示“被动和完成”（不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动，只表示完成）。
一、现在分词和过去分词作定语的用法单个的分词放在所修饰的名词前（少数动词除外），分词短语放在所修饰的名词后。
作定语的现在分词和过去分词的区别在于：现在分词与被修饰的名词在逻辑上是主动关系，现在分词表示动作正在发生或与谓语同时发生；过去分词与被修饰的名词在逻辑上是被动关系，过去分词的动作发生在谓语之前或没有时间性。
有一点要指出的是：现在分词的被动式既表进行，又表被动。
1. 前置定语（1）现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成。
二者都表主动。
the rising sun正在升起的太阳the risen sun已经升起的太阳developing countries发展中国家developed countries发达国家the boiling water正在沸腾的水the boiled water已经烧开的水（2）现在分词表主动或进行，过去分词表被动。
remaining money 剩下的钱working people劳动人民____________a sleeping child一个睡着的孩子written English书面英语a man-made satellite人造卫星a newly-built school新修的学校the exciting news令人激动的消息the excited people感到激动的人们a puzzling problem令人迷惑的问题a puzzled look感到迷惑的表情2.后置定语（1）现在分词的主动式表主动或进行；过去分词在语态上表被动，在时间上或表过去发生，或表没有时间性。
There are 20 people working for the project. 有20人参与这个项目。
高中英语现在分词过去分词的用法辨别 精华
高中英语现在分词，过去分词用法讲义及练习要点回顾：①现在分词—结构及时态，语态意义②-成分：定语（逻主：被修饰词）表语（逻主：主语）补语包括宾补（逻主：宾语）和主补（逻主：主语）状语（逻主：一般为主句的主语，若不一致，须把分词本身的主语补出，放在分词前面）③--区分点：⑴定语—放于一个n./pron.（短语）前或后，且与该词产生修饰关系。
如：falling leaves , the boy being punishedThe famous painter, being reported on the TV, has been awarded Nobel prize.⑵表语—放于系动词后，构成系表结构，且说明主语的性质和特征。
如：The story is interesting .⑶补语—补出说明宾语/主语的内容意义。
宾补放在宾语后，主补放在谓语动词后。
如:She saw the thief being caught by the police.The thief was seen breaking into a house.⑷状语：与主句之间有逗号隔开，放于句首或句末。
与主句形成时间，地点原因，方式，让步，伴随等逻辑关系。
④做题步骤：⒈读题，分析题意⒉判断成分⒊找出语态(根据与逻辑主语之间的语态关系判断)⒋找出时态（根据句子中谓语的时态或者时间状语判断）另外：①V+ing 还有另外一个名字哦：动名词！只能做句子的主语，宾语，表语，补语。
② V+ed 又名： done ,过去分词。
成分，区分点，做题步骤均跟V+ing 相同。
不同点在于：V+ed 时态上表示已经完成，语态上表示被动。
如： the injured workers 受伤的工人。
（单个分词前置）a book written by Lu Xun （分词短语后置）a broken glass 一个被打破了的杯子。
（及物动词的过去分词表示被动、完成）a retired teacher （不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成）小练笔：看看你理解掌握了哪些？一．比较下列1.2.3题，选出最合适的答案1._____ from the top of the TV tower, we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city.A. To seeB. SeenC. SeeingD. See2.____ from the top of the TV tower, the city got more beautiful.A. To seeB. SeenC. SeeingD. See3．_____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city.A. To seeB. SeenC. SeeingD. See再试试其他题吧：1. All things _____, the planned trip will have to be called off.A. be consideredB. consideringC. having consideredD. considered2. _____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated.A. being foundedB. FoundedC. It was foundedD. Founding3. _____ more attention, the tree could have grown better.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given4. ____ alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened as to cry.A. LeavingB. LeftC. To be leftD. Having left5. ______ in a friendly way, their quarrel came to an end.A. Being settledB. Having settledC. SettledD. Settling6. He must be angry, for we heard the glass ____ on the floor.A, being broken B. break C. to be break D. broken7.____in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing. (00,1)A) To look B) Looking at C) Looked at D) To be looked at8, You will see this product ____ wherever you go. (00,6)A) to be advertised B) advertised C) advertise D) advertising9.From the dates ____ on the plates, we decided that they were made in Song Dynasty.A) marking B) having been marked C) marked D) to be marked10.She stood by the window, ____.A) thinking B) think C) thought D) thinks11.____ to meet anybody, he went in from the back door.A) Not wishing B) Wishing C) Not wished D) No wishing12.The old man came upstairs with great strength, his right hand ____ a stick for support.A) held B) holding C) being holding D) was holding13.____ three times in a row, the boxer decide to give up fighting.A) having defeated B) To have defeatedC) having been defeated D) To have been defeated14.I understood you were third-year students ____ in English.A) who majors B) who major is C) have majored D) majoring15.A cool rain was falling, ___ with snow. A) mixed B) mixing C) to mix D) having mixed16.____ by the police, the kidnappers had no choice but to surrender.A) Surrounded B) Surrounding C) having surrounded D) To be surrounded17.All the exam papers ____, the teacher sent the class home.A) having been handed in B) having hands in C) handing in D) being handed in18.___ in Beijing for quite a few years, Mr. Park had little difficulty understanding Chinese.A) having lived B) Lived C) Living D) To live19.Any packet ____ properly will not be accepted by the post office.A) not to be wrapped B) not being wrappedC) not wrapped D) not having been wrapped20.He was sitting in the chair, ____ a book. A) read B) was reading C) readingD) with reading。
英语现在分词和过去分词用法异同
make
简析：首先，根据语法分析可知，待选部分在整个句中应作状语；
再根据 European football 对于 make 来说应是主动关系，即欧
洲足球使之本身成为一项最受世人欢迎的运动。因此，该题应选A。
2.____ a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving
-They got very ____.
分词作宾语补足语
共同点：分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补 足语，对句子的宾语起补充或说明作用。 不同点：分词作宾语补足语时，句子的 宾语就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分 词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表 示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的 动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动 关系，所示动作一般发生在谓语动词之 前或同时发生。
简析：该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置定语表达被动，等于定语
从句 who were invited
5.Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South
Africa.
A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had
B. Receiving not
C. Not having received
D. Having not
received
简析：该题应选C。 测试非谓语动词的否定式是在其前直接加
not 。若动作发生在主句动作之前时用非谓语的完成式。
3.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the
1.This news sounds ____.
现在分词和过去分词
现在分词（present participle）(又称-ing形式、现在进行式) ，是分词的一种，分词又分为现在分词和过去分词，它们都是非限定动词，即在句子里面不能单独充当谓语，但能充当其它的一些成分（定语，表语，补语和状语），并且它们具有动词的性质，所以又是类动词的一种。
一、现在分词的两个基本特点:1. 在时间上表示动作正在进行。
例如：a developing country. 一个发展中的国家，boiling water 沸水，a developed country 一个发达国家，boiled water 白开水，2. 在语态上表示主动。
例如：the ruling class 统治阶级，the exploiting class 剥削阶级。
the ruled class 被统治阶级，the exploited class 被剥削阶级）二、构成形式和时态与语态主动被动一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done三、否定式：所有否定式都是在－ing前面加not四、现在分词的时态：现在分词本身不能表示具体的时间概念，其动作发生的时间只能是相对于谓语动作发生时间相对而言的。
这一点和不定式用法相同。
a) 现在分词的一般式：doing表示分词的动作和谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生。
或是谓语动作发生时，分词的动作正在发生过程中。
she smelt something burning.(smelt发生在burning的过程中。
)她闻到有东西烧焦了。
she sat on the chair, reading a novel.b)现在分词的完成式：having done。
表示现在分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前。
Having worked for 2 hours, we had a rest.Not having received his letter, we all felt worried.五、现在分词的语态：现在分词用主动还是被动，决定于它的逻辑主语。
高中英语知识点归纳分词的用法
高中英语知识点归纳分词的用法分词是英语语法中的一个重要知识点，它有着广泛的应用。
在高中英语学习中，掌握分词的用法对于学生的语言运用能力和阅读理解能力都有着极大的帮助。
本文将对高中英语中分词的用法进行归纳总结。
一、分词的定义分词是一种非常特殊的动词形式，它既有动词的特点，又具有形容词或副词的特点。
分词的形式有两种：现在分词（-ing形式）和过去分词（-ed形式）。
在句子中，分词可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语等。
下面将分别介绍这些用法。
二、现在分词的用法1.作定语现在分词可以修饰名词或代词，表示被修饰词的性质、特征或状态。
例如：a running horse（一匹奔跑的马）、a smiling child（一个微笑的孩子）。
2.作表语现在分词可以作为连系动词的表语，表示主语的特征或状态。
例如：She is amazing（她很令人惊叹）。
3.作状语现在分词可以修饰谓语动词，表示动作的方式、原因或时间。
例如：He left, crying（他边哭边离开）。
三、过去分词的用法1.作定语过去分词可以修饰名词或代词，表示被修饰词的性质、特征或状态。
例如：a broken window（一个破损的窗户）、a written report（一份书面报告）。
2.作表语和状语过去分词也可以作为连系动词的表语，表示主语的特征或状态。
例如：The door was closed（门是关着的）。
过去分词还可以修饰谓语动词，表示动作的结果。
例如：She arrived, tired（她疲惫地到达了）。
四、分词的完成时态在句子中，分词还可以和助动词have、has、had连用，形成完成时态。
一般现在分词加上have/has构成现在完成分词，过去分词加上had构成过去完成分词。
例如：Having finished his homework, he went to bed（做完作业后，他去睡觉了）。
五、现在分词和过去分词的区别现在分词和过去分词的区别主要在于时间和动作性质。
高中英语分词讲解
• 2. 分词完成式（having done/ having been done）表示动作在位于动词所表示的动作 之前发生。 • E.g. • Having noted down our names and addresses, the policeman dismissed us. • Having passed my driving test, I was able to buy my first car.
Hale Waihona Puke 分词的时态和语态• 分词的时态 • 1. 分词一般式表示的动作和位于动词所表示 的动作同时发生，或一个紧接着另一个发生。 在书面语中常用作背景描写。 • E.g. • Walking down the street, I ran into Mr. Zhang. • Living in the country, we had few social engagement.
分词主动形式被动形式现在分词一般式主动形式被动形式现在分词一般式writingbeingwritten式现在分词完成式havingwrittenhavingbeenwritten过去分词written分词的时态和语态?分词的时态?1
分词
主动形式 现在分词一般式 writing 现在分词完成式 Having written 过去分词 被动形式 Being written Having been written written
• 接过去分词作宾语补足语的有3类动词。 • 1. 感官或心理状态的动词：see, watch, find, feel, consider. • I considered this problem solved. • 2. “使役” “致使”：get, have, keep, leave, make • I try to make myself understood. • 3. “要求”“希望”“命令”：declare, like, need, order, want, wish. • He declared the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games closed.
分词及练习（含答案）
第⼋章分词⼀.概念:分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种,是⼀种⾮谓语动词形式⼆.相关知识点精讲:1.现在分词的⽤法：1) 做表语：He was very amusing.That book was rather boring.很多动词的现在分词都可以作表语：exciting, interesting, encouraging, disappointing, confusing, touching, puzzling.2) 作定语：上⾯所出现的现在分词都可以⽤作定语, 修饰⼀个名词：That must have been a terrifying experience.I found him a charming person.现在分词短语还可以放在名词的后⾯修饰名词, 相当于⼀个定语从句：There are a few boys swimming in the river.There is a car waiting outside.3) 作状语：现在分词短语可以表⽰⼀个同时发⽣的次要的或伴随的动作：Following Tom, we started to climb the mountain.Opening the drawer, he took out a box.Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.现在分词短语还可以表⽰原因, 相当于⼀个原因状语从句：Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.Being unemployed, he hasn’t got much money.现在分词短语还可以表⽰时间, 相当于⼀个时间状语从句：Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.Returning home, he began to do his homework.Jim hurt his arm while playing tennis.Be careful when crossing the road.Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.Having finished her work, she went home.4)作宾补：现在分词在⼀些动词之后可以做宾语的补语：例如, see, hear, catch, find, keep , have 等.I see him passing my house every day.I caught him stealing things in that shop.I smelt something burning.She kept him working all day.2.过去分词的⽤法：1) 作表语：We were so bored that we couldn’t help yawning.She felt confused, and even frightened.They were very pleased with the girl.I’m satisfied with your answer.He is not interested in research.2) 作定语：She has a pleased look on her face.The teacher gave us a satisfied smile.cooked food a written reportfried eggs boiled waterfrozen food armed forcesrequired courses fallen leavesfinished products a forced smilethe risen sun new arrived visitorsWhat’s the language spoken in that country?They’re problem left over by history.The play put on by the teachers was a big success.Is there anybody injured?Do you know the number of books ordered?3)作状语：Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent.Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year. They came in, followed by some children. Depressed, he went to see his elder sister.When treated with kindness, he was very amiable.4)作宾补：过去分词也同样可以作宾语的补语，接在某些动词后⾯I will have the clothes washed tomorrow.When they get back home, they found the room robbed.三.巩固练习1. __________ with the best students, I still have a long way to go.A. Having comparedB. To compareC. ComparedD. Compare（） 2. The music of the film _________ by him sounds so ___________ .A. playing, excitingB. played, excitedC. playing, excitedD. played, exciting（） 3. __________ against the coming hurricane, they dared not leave home.A. WarnedB. Having warnedC. To warnD. Warn（） 4. In __________ countries, you can’t always make yourself _______ by speaking English.A. English-speaking, understandB. English-spoken, understandC. English-speaking, understoodD. English-speaking, understood（）5. After _____________ the old man, the doctor suggested that he ___________ a bad cold.A. examining, should catchB. examined, had caughtC. examining, had caughtD. examined, catch（） 6. _____________ , Tom jumped into the river and had a good time in it.A. Be a good swimmerB. Being a good swimmerC. Having been good swimmerD. To be a good swimmer（） 7. ________ how to read the new words, I often look them up in the dictionary.A. Having not knownB. Not to knowC. Don’t knowD. Not knowing（） 8. As his parent, you shouldn’t have your child ___________ such a book.A. readB. to readC. readingD. be reading（） 9. He returned from abroad ______________ that his mother had been badly ill.A. heardB. having been heardC. having phonedD. having been phoned四.答案:1. C2. D3. A4. C5. C6. B7. D8. C9. D。
英语词汇中的现在分词和过去分词如何运用
英语词汇中的现在分词和过去分词如何运用在英语学习中，词汇的掌握是构建语言大厦的基石。
而现在分词和过去分词作为动词的一种非谓语形式，它们的运用不仅丰富了语言的表达，也常常让学习者感到困惑。
那么，如何准确地理解和运用这两种形式呢？首先，我们来了解一下现在分词和过去分词的基本概念。
现在分词的形式通常是动词原形加上“ing”，如“reading”“writing”“swimming”等。
它具有主动和进行的含义，表示正在进行的动作或主动的动作。
过去分词的形式则多种多样，大部分是在动词原形的基础上进行变化，常见的规则动词过去分词一般是在动词原形后加“ed”，如“played”“visited”“finished”；不规则动词的过去分词则需要单独记忆，如“gone”“seen”“written”等。
过去分词通常具有被动和完成的含义，表示已经完成的动作或被动的动作。
现在分词和过去分词在句子中的作用各不相同。
现在分词在句中可以作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。
作定语时，现在分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，如“a smiling face”（一张笑脸），“a running dog”（一只正在跑的狗）。
现在分词短语作定语则要放在被修饰的名词之后，例如，“The man standing there is my teacher”（站在那里的那个人是我的老师。
）作状语时，现在分词可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随等。
比如，“Hearing the news, she jumped with joy”（听到这个消息，她高兴得跳了起来。
）这里的“Hearing the news”表示时间，“Seeing from the top of the hill, we can have a better view of the city”（从山顶上看，我们可以更好地看到这个城市。
）这里的“Seeing from the top of the hill”表示条件。
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分词分为现在分词和过去分词：
现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。
1、现在分词的形式：否定式：not + 现在分词
（1）现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。
They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。
Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业，他开始打篮球。
（2）现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。
The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。
Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake. 被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。
2．现在分词的句法功能：
（1）作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后，相当于定语从句。
In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。
The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father. 正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
①现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to
the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.
②现在分词作定语表示动作正在进行或几乎同时若两个动作有先有后要用定语从句这时常用完成式。
The teacher criticised the student who had broken the window.
（2）现在分词作表语：The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒。
The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。
be + doing既可能表示现在进行时，也可能是现在分词做表语，它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时，而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。
（3）作宾语补足语：如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语：see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。
例如：Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗？He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。
注意：感官动词see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do表示动作的完整性，后+doing 表示动作的进行性。
加doing 或do看要强调的是某个动作发生的事实还是强调发生的过程
I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。
（强调"我看见了"这个事实）
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
这些词加doing 或do 主要是看要强调的是某个动作发生的事实还是强调发生的过程
（4）现在分词作状语：
I．基本原则：A）分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。
B ）分词必须与句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系，否则不能作状语。
II．形式的选择
A）doing 表示主句主语构成逻辑上的主谓语且与句中谓语同时发生。
B）having +done表示主句主语构成逻辑上的主谓语但先于谓语动作发生。
C）done 表示与主句主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
D）being done表示与主句主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与谓语动作同时发生(一般作原因状语置句首)。
E）having been done 表示与主句主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作。
III.注意: A 分词短语作状语其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。
B．表时间关系的分词短语可由while、when引出。
C．with、without+名词或代词的宾格+ 分词表示伴随
He lay half dead ,with all his ribs broken.
D.当分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语不一致时，分词必须有自己的主语。
Time permiting, I will finish another lesson.
E. 分词短语作状语,、句中就不能并列连词but、and（因为是并列句）。
Warned of the danger,he still went smoking.= He was warned of the danger, but he still went smoking.
①作时间状语：(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 在工厂工作时，
②作原因状语：Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人。
③作方式状语，表示伴随：He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里，又擦又洗。
④作条件状语：(If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. 要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间。
⑤作结果状语：He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。
⑥作目的状语：He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。
⑦作让步状语：Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. 虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。
⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格：I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head．我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。
All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。
Time permitting, we'll do another two exercises. 如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。
有时也可用with (without) +名词（代词宾格）+分词形式With the
lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。
⑨作独立成分：supposing-----/strictly speaking /J udging from(by) /Generally speaking .J udging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 从外表看，他一定是个演员。
Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来，女孩子更细心。