北京市2018年中考英语试卷及答案解析(Word版)
2018年北京市高级中等学校招生考试
英语试卷
知识运用（共14分）
一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My brother and I like football. ______ play it together once a week.
A. I
B. They
C. We
D. You
2. Happy birthday, Peter! Here ' s a gifiu.
A. for
B. in
C. with
D. from
3. ---- ---------- do you usually go to school, Mary?
----- By bike.
A. When
B. How
C. Where
D. Why
4. Many people like pan das _____ they are cute.
A. though
B. if
C. while
D. because
5. I ____ go now, or ni miss my train.
A. can
B. might
C. must
D. could
6. Tony is _____ o f the three boys, but he is the tallest.
A. young
B.younger
C.youngest
D. the youngest
7. Bill likes reading. He _____ picture books with his dad every evening.
A. read
B. reads
C. is readi ng
D. has read
8. ---- Paul, what were you doing at nine Last ni ght?
----- I _______ a movie in the cinema with my friends.
A. was watch ing
B. watch
C. have watched
D. will watch
9. David a tennis player,He _____ to play tennis when he was six years old.
A. begi ns
B. will begi n
C. bega n
D. has begu n
10. ---- Lucy, is your uncle a teacher?
----- Y es,he is.He _____ history for n early 20 years.
A. teaches
B. has taught
C. is teachi ng
D. will teach
11. A new international airport _____ in the city next year.
A. completes
B. is completed
C. will complete
D. will be completed
12. ---- Alice, could you tell me ______ London?
----- S ure. Last Sun day
A. when Mr.Smith left
B. when Mr.Smith wi11 leave
C. whe n did Mr.Smith leave
D. whe n will Mr.Smith leave
二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Real Solutions （解决方法）to Problems
Thirty engin eers were work ing as a team in a compa ny. They were young and eager to lear n. The man ageme nt decided to teach them about finding real solutions to problems
One day, the team was called for a 13 in a hall. They were quite surprised and all reached the hall holding various 14 . As they entered, they found a box placed in the center, full of flat balloons
The man ager asked every one to pick a ballo on and blow it up. The n they were asked to write their n ames on their respective（各自的）ballo ons 15 so that the ballo ons would n ' t blow out. All tried, but not every one was W_. Five balloons blew out due to pressure （压力）
Those who failed to mark their names on the balloons were 17 out of the game. As a result, 25 engineers came to the next level. All the balloons carrying their n ames were 18 and the n put into a room, here and there.
The engineers were told to pick the balloon with his or her name on, All the 25 engin eers bega n to search for the respective ballo ons in a rush. It was almost 15 minu tes but no one was able to 19 the right one. The sec ond level of the game was over.
The n came the fin al level. the engin eers were asked to pick any ballo on and give it to pers on n amed on the ballo on. With in a couple of minu tes, all ballo ons 20 the hands of the respective engin eers.
The manager announced this was the real solution to the problem. Many times in our life,sharing and helping others give us real soluti ons to problems.
13. A.game B.show C.concert D.patry
14. A.purposes B.suggesti ons C.thoughts D.pla ns
15.. A.quietly B.carefully C.secretly D.clearly
16. A.b on est B.ready C.patie nt D.succeesfu l
17. A.checked B.helped C.ruled D.clea ned
18. A.collected B.weighed C.tied D.clea ned
19. A.mark B.hide C.nu mber D.fi nd
20. A.freed B.reached C.lifted D.hit
阅读理解（共36分）
三、阅读下列短文.根据短文内容，从文后各所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共26分, 每小题2分）
A
Roger:Hi,there ！It was my 15th birthday last Saturday.Some of my friends and Alan.my cousin ， came to celebrate it. Every one brought me a gift,we played games ，sang songs and had a big birthday cake. It was really a won derful day! Did you do anything special last week?
Jessica:Yes,My class were on a school field trip last week.First,We went to the Uni versity of North Caroli na to
lear n about the history of its basketball team. Many basketball stars were stude nts there. Then we visited a
museum. We lear ned about how the pla ne was inven ted and took many pictures there.Jew Roger
Sara:Well, I was lucky eno ugh to go to a conference （会议）on charity（慈善）last Wedn esday. I was
excited to meet a lot of kind people there. One of them was a boy n amed Richard. He spoke at the conference
about the charity work that he had done in the past few years.
Martin :lt was a differe nt week tha n usual,Last Thursday, my school band （乐队）went to Atla nta to perform
in
a competiti on.l played the violin and we won a prize! On Friday we went to the Georgia Aquarium and got to
see differe nt kinds of sea life from over the world. It was really cool! F：山卅打】
21. When did Roger have his birthday party?
A. Last Wedn esday
B. last thursday
https://www.360docs.net/doc/2b8340299.html,st Friday
https://www.360docs.net/doc/2b8340299.html,st Saturday.
22. Who went on a school field trip last week?
A. Ala n.
B.Jessica
C.Sara
D.Richard.
23. Marti n went to Atla nta ____
A. speak at a conference
https://www.360docs.net/doc/2b8340299.html,a nize a party
C.perform in a competiti on
D.visit a uni versity
B
A Beautiful Mome nt
When I was in high school.I worked part-time helping Dad sell fruits and vegetables at a matket. One day , as I
was preparing the fruits. A little boy came by with his mom and sister. He was about eight years old , and the girl.five or six. They were looking the fruits in front of me. I heard the kids say to their mom（in French）,"They're good!" I knew it was Fren ch. Because I can speak and un dersta nd it.
Then I noticed how mom was picking the fruits.At first I thought she was really looking at the fruits because
she was facing them. But the n I no ticed how much she had to feel and smell each one as she picked them out. And often asked her son if it looked okay, but looked way above where his face was. Putting what I saw together,I was sure she was bli nd.
Both of the kids continued to help their mom pick out the fruits .The son made sure the fruits were not obviously bad, and the daughter handed them to her mom. The woman then felt each one and smiled, and the daughter would put them into their
basket .The kids were smili ng while help ing their mom pick the fruits out.
Their smile and gen tle manner moved me in a way that n ever happe ned before .It was so beautiful to see such young kids
so willi ngly help. Most kids that age would be pick ing out can dies or toys in a store for themselves, in stead of help ing their mom pick out fruits as the two kids did.
It was great to witness the moment, but not so great because I didn ' t tell the mom how beautiful her children
were in their Ian guage .this is what I regret to this day.
24. The wome n and her kids came to the market to buy ____ .
A. fruits
B. vegetables
C. can dies
D. toys
25. Ac cording to what he saw, the writer was sure the mother couldn ______ . ' t
A. speak
B. see
C. smell
D. hear
26. The writer was moved because _____ .
A. the mother was brave to face her problems.
B. the kids were polite and kind to each other
C. the mother was careful in pick ing out things
D. the kids were so willing to help their mother
C
Some primary schoolchildren have been raised in homes with more green space around. They are likely to
come with larger volumes of white and grey matter in certain areas of the brain. These differences are associated（关
联）with beneficial effects on cognitive function （认知功能）.This is the main conclusion of a study led by the
Barcelona Institute for Global Health.
The study was performed among 253 schoolchildren in Spain .Lifelong exposure（接触）to green space in the
living places was recorded ——using the information on the children ' s addresses from birth up through to the time of the study. Brain structure was studied using 3D magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. Working memory and inattentiveness（注意力不集中）were graded with computers.
“ Thisis the first study that shows the association between Iong -term exposure to green space and brain
structure. ” Says Dr. Payam Dadva nd, the leadi ng researcher of the study, Our findings suggest that exposure to
gree n space early in life could result i n ben eficial structural cha nges in the brain. ”
The findings show that Ion g-term exposure to gree nn ess is positively associated with white and grey matter
volumes in several parts of the brain. Some of them are related to higher scores on cog nitive tests. Moreover, larger
volumes of white and grey matter in those parts might lead to better working memory and less inattentiveness.
Exposure to n ature has bee n thought to be n ecessary for brain developme nt in childre n. Ano ther study of 2,593 childre n shows that childre n in school with more gree n space have a greater in crease in worki ng memory and a greater decrease in in atte ntive ness.
Huma ns are believed to be tied to n ature. Playi ng in gree ner areas offers childre n opport un ities to search and
learn. Accord in gly, gree n space is thought to prompt importa nt exercises in discovery, creativity and risk tak ing. These exercises in turn positively in flue nee brain developme nt.
Dr. Dadvand ' tisdy suggests how such structural changes could bring about the beneficial effects of green spaces on cog nitive developme nt, it also adds to the proof that suggests the last ing effects of early life exposure to gree nn ess on our health and the ben efits of in creas ing gree nn ess in cities.
Further studies are n eeded to prove the findings in other populatio ns, sett in gs a nd climates. And researchers n eed to exam ine differe nces accord ing to the n ature and quality of gree n space.
27. The sec ond paragraph is mainly about ______ .
A. how the study was performed
B. what was recorded in the study
C. how long the study lasted
D. who took part in the study
28. The word “ prompt ” in paragraph 6 probably means “
A. con trol
B. en courage
C. bala nee
D. cha nge
29. What can we lear n from the passage?
A. Work ing memory in flue nces white and grey matter in the brain.
B. Dr. Dadva nd stressed the importa nee of cha nging the en vir onment.
C. Studies proved the in flue nce of gree nn ess on populati ons outs of Spain.
D. Livi ng in gree ner n eighborhoods ben efits childre n in brain developme nt.
D
We often reach a point in our life when we should be ready for change that will help us uniock our self-improvement power. However, there ' s always something staring at us right under our nose but we don
The on ly time we thi nk of uni ock ing our self-improveme nt power is whe n everyth ing gets worst.
When do we realize that we n eed to cha nge diets? When none of our shirts and jea ns would fit us. When do we stop eat ing can dies and chocolates? When all of our teeth have falle n off. When do we realize that we n eed to stop smok ing? When our