2006年真题答案及解析_6

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06年专升本高数真题答案

06年专升本高数真题答案

2006年河南省普通高等学校 选拔优秀专科生进入本科阶段学习考试高等数学 答案及解析一、单项选择题(每小题2分,共计60分) 1.答案:B 【解析】:B x x ⇒≤-≤-⇒≤≤112110. 2.答案:A【解析】:01ln )1ln()1ln()()(22==+++-+=-+x x x x x f x f A ⇒. 3. 答案:C【解析】: 1sin lim20-=-→xxx x C ⇒. 4.答案:B 【解析】:B nnn n n n n ⇒=+=+∞→∞→2]sin 32[lim sin 32lim .5.答案:B【解析】:B a a a ae xe xf ax x ax x x ⇒=⇒+===-=→→→1122lim 1lim)(lim 20200. 6. 答案:C 【解析】:xx f f f x f x x f x f x x )1()1()1()21(lim)1()21(lim00--+-+=--+→→ C f xf x f x f x f x x ⇒'=---+-+=→→)1(3)1()1(lim 2)1()21(lim 2007. 答案:A【解析】: A y x x x y ⇒==⇒=⇒='5,2422000. 8.答案:D【解析】: D t tt t dx dy ⇒-=-=2sin sin 222. 9.答案:B 【解析】:B xy x y x x yn n n ⇒=⇒+=⇒=--1ln 1ln )()1()2(. 10.答案:A【解析】:A y y y x x x x x x x x y x x x ⇒∞=-==⇒++-+=++--=-→-→±∞→2122lim ,4lim ,1lim )2)(1()3)(1(2332.11.答案:C 【解析】:由罗尔中值定理条件:连续、可导及端点的函数值相等C ⇒. 12.答案:C【解析】:C e y e y xx ⇒>=''<-='--0,0. 13.答案:D【解析】:D C e F e d e f dx e f ex x x x x⇒+-=-=⎰⎰-----)()()()(.14.答案:B【解析】:B C ex f e x f e x f x x x⇒+=⇒='⇒=-'++)1(21)1(212)()()12(.15.答案:B【解析】:⎰baxdx arcsin 是常数,所以B xdx dxd ba ⇒=⎰0arcsin . 16.答案:C 【解析】:C x dx x⇒-==++∞∞+⎰)21arctan 4(412arctan 4141112π. 17.答案:D【解析】:由定积分的几何意义可得D 的面积为⎰-badx x g x f |)()(|D ⇒.18.答案:B【解析】:B n n n ⇒=⇒=+-⇒-⊥30943}3,43{}3,,1{. 19.答案:B 【解析】: B x f x x f x ⇒='⇒=1)1,()1,(. 20.答案:A【解析】:令xy e F yz F xyz ez y x F z z x z-='-='⇒-=222,),,(A z x z xy xyz yz xy e yz x z z ⇒-=-=-=∂∂⇒)12(222. 21.答案:A【解析】:222xydxxdy dy x xydx dz -++= A dy dx dx dy dy dx dz y x ⇒+=-++=⇒==2211.22.答案:A【解析】:,6)0,0(),(062,06222-=∂∂⇒=⇒=-=∂∂=-=∂∂xz y x y x y z x y x z ⇒=∂∂∂-=∂∂2,6222y x z y z 是极大值A ⇒.23.答案:A【解析】:有二重积分的几何意义知:=⎰⎰Ddxdy 区域D 的面积为πA ⇒.24.答案:B【解析】:积分区域},0|),{(}0,0|),{(a x y a y y x x y a x y x D ≤≤≤≤=≤≤≤≤=B ⇒.25.答案:D【解析】:在极坐标下积分区域可表示为:}sin 20,20|),{(θπθθ≤≤≤≤=r r D ,在直角坐标系下边界方程为y y x 222=+,积分区域为右半圆域D ⇒26.答案:D 【解析】:L :,1⎩⎨⎧-==xy xx x 从1变到0,⎰⎰⇒-=+=-+012)(D dx dx dy dx y x L .27.答案:C 【解析】:⇒<22sinn n ππ∑∞=π12sinn n收敛C ⇒. 28. 答案:A 【解析】:∑∞=0n nnx a在2-=x 收敛,则在1-=x 绝对收敛,即级数∑∞=-0)1(n n n a 绝对收敛A ⇒.29. 答案:C【解析】:dx xxdy y y ydx x ydy x sin cos sin cos 0sin cos cos sin -=⇒=+ C C y x C x y xxd y y d ⇒=⇒=+⇒-=⇒sin sin ln sin ln sin ln sin sin sin sin . 30.答案:C【解析】:-1不是微分方程的特征根,x 为一次多项式,可设xeb ax y -+=*)( C ⇒.二、填空题(每小题2分,共30分) 31.答案:1 【解析】:1)(sin 1|sin |=⇒≤x f x . 32.答案:123【解析】:=++=++--=--+→→→)31(1lim )31)(2()2(lim 231lim 2222x x x x x x x x x x x x 123341==. 33.答案:dx x 2412+【解析】:dx xdy 2412+= . 34.答案:5,4==b a【解析】:b a b a b ax x x f -+-=-=+-⇒++='12,02323)(25,4==⇒b a . 35.答案:)1,1(-【解析】:)1,1(),(0662632-=⇒=-=''⇒+-='y x x y x x y . 36.答案:2 【解析】:2)1()1()()(=-=⇒=-g f C C x g x f 2)()(=-⇒x g x f .37.答案:323π【解析】:3202sin )sin (3023232π=+=+=+⎰⎰⎰⎰πππ-ππ-ππ-dx x xdx dx x dx x x .38.答案:32-e【解析】:⎰⎰⎰⎰--=--=+=====-201110012132)()1(e dx e dx x dt t f dx x f xt x .39.答案:3π 【解析】:3,21663||||,cos π>=⇒<==⋅>=<b a b a b a b a .40.答案:x y z 222=+【解析】:把x y 22=中的2y 换成22y z +,即得所求曲面方程x y z 222=+. 41.答案:y x cos 21+【解析】: ⇒+=∂∂y x y x z sin 2y x y x zcos 212+=∂∂∂.42.答案:32-【解析】:⎰⎰⎰⎰⎰-=-=-=--D dx x dy x y dx dxdy x y 1211122322)()( . 43.答案:∑∞=+∞-∞∈-02),(,!1)1(n nnx x n 【解析】:∑∞=⇒=0!n n xn x e ∑∑∞=∞=-+∞-∞∈-=-==0022),(,!1)1(!)()(2n n n n n xx x n n x e x f .44.答案:)21ln(x+)22(≤<-x【解析】:∑∑∑∞=∞=-+∞=+++=-=+-=+-0111011)21ln()2()1(1)2()1(2)1()1(n n n n n n n n n n x n x n x n x , )22(≤<-x .45.答案:032=-'-''y y y【解析】:x x e C e C y 321+=-0323,1221=--⇒=-=⇒λλλλ032=-'-''⇒y y y .三、计算题(每小题5分,共40分)46.计算 xx e x xx 2sin 1lim 3202-→--. 【解析】:20300420320161lim 3222lim 81lim 2sin 1lim2222xe x xe x x e x xx e x x x x x x x x x -=+-=--=---→-→-→-→ 161lim 161322lim220000-=-=-=-→-→x x x x e x xe . 47.求函数xx x y 2sin 2)3(+=的导数dxdy .【解析】:取对数得 :)3ln(2sin ln 2x x x y +=,两边对x 求导得:x xx x x x x y y 2sin 332)3ln(2cos 2122++++=' 所以]2sin 332)3ln(2cos 2[)3(222sin 2x xx x x x x x x y x+++++='x x x x x x x x x x x 2sin )32()3()3ln(2cos )3(212sin 222sin 2+++++=-.48.求不定积分⎰-dx xx 224.【解析】:⎰⎰⎰====⎰-==-=π<<π-dt t tdt tdt t tdx x x t x t )2cos 1(2sin 4cos 2cos 2sin 4422sin 22222C x x x C t t x C t t +--=+-=+-=242arcsin 2cos sin 22arcsin 22sin 22.49.计算定积分⎰--+102)2()1ln(dx x x .【解析】:⎰⎰⎰+---+=-+=-+101010102)1)(2(12)1ln(21)1ln()2()1ln(dx x x x x x d x dx x x ⎰=-=+-+=++--=10102ln 312ln 322ln 12ln 312ln )1121(312ln x x dx x x .50.设),()2(xy x g y x f z ++= ,其中),(),(v u g t f 皆可微,求yz x z ∂∂∂∂,. 【解析】:xvv g x u u g x y x y x f x z ∂∂∂∂+∂∂∂∂+∂+∂+'=∂∂)2()2( ),(),()2(2xy x g y xy x g y x f v u'+'++'==∂∂∂∂+∂∂∂∂+∂+∂+'=∂∂yvv g y u u g y y x y x f y z )2()2(),()2(xy x g x y x f v '++'. 51.计算二重积分⎰⎰=Dydxdy xI 2,其中D 由12,===x x y x y 及所围成.【解析】:积分区域如图06-1所示, 可表示为:x y x x 2,10≤≤≤≤. 所以 ⎰⎰⎰⎰==10222xxDydy x dx ydxdy x I 10310323)2(10510421022====⎰⎰x dx x y dx x xx .52.求幂级数nn nx n ∑∞=--+0)1()3(1【解析】: 令t x =-1,级数化为 n n nt n∑∞=-+0)3(1,这是不缺项的标准的幂级数. 因为 313)3(11)3(1lim 1)3(1)3(1lim lim 11=--+-=+⋅-+-+==∞→+∞→+∞→nnn n n n n n n n n a a ρ, 故级数nn nt n ∑∞=-+0)3(1的收敛半径31==ρR ,即级数收敛区间为(-3,3). 对级数nn nx n ∑∞=--+0)1()3(1有313<-<-x ,即42<<-x . 故所求级数的收敛区间为),(42-. 53.求微分方程 0)12(2=+-+dy x xy dy x 通解.【解析】:微分方程0)12(2=+-+dx x xy dy x 可化为 212xx y x y -=+',这是一阶线性微分方程,它对应的齐次线性微分方程02=+'y x y 通解为2xCy =.xx设非齐次线性微分方程的通解为2)(x x C y =,则3)(2)(xx C x C x y -'=',代入方程得 C x x x C x x C +-=⇒-='2)(1)(2.故所求方程的通解为2211xCx y +-=.四、应用题(每小题7分,共计14分)54. 某公司的甲、乙两厂生产同一种产品,月产量分别为y x ,千件;甲厂月生产成本是5221+-=x x C (千元),乙厂月生产成本是3222++=y y C (千元).若要求该产品每月总产量为8千件,并使总成本最小,求甲、乙两厂最优产量和相应最小成本.【解析】:由题意可知:总成本8222221++-+=+=y x y x C C C ,约束条件为8=+y x .问题转化为在8=+y x 条件下求总成本C 的最小值 .把8=+y x 代入目标函数得 0(882022>+-=x x x C 的整数).则204-='x C ,令0='C 得唯一驻点为5=x ,此时有04>=''C .故 5=x 是唯一极值点且为极小值,即最小值点.此时有38,3==C y . 所以 甲、乙两厂最优产量分别为5千件和3千件,最低成本为38千元.55.由曲线)2)(1(--=x x y 和x 轴所围成一平面图形,求此平面图形绕y 轴旋转一周所成的旋转体的体积. 【解析】:平面图形如图06-2所示,此立体可看作X 型区域绕y 轴旋转一周而得到。

2006六级真题答案解析

2006六级真题答案解析

2006六级真题答案解析作为考生和备考者,对往年六级真题的解析是非常重要的。

通过对2006年六级真题的解析,可以让我们更好地了解考试的趋势和重点,为备考提供指导。

本文将对2006年六级真题进行全面解析,帮助考生深入理解题目并掌握解题技巧。

1.听力部分听力部分是六级考试中最难突破的一部分,也是考生备考的重点。

在2006年的六级听力部分,主要包括听力理解和听力填空两种题型。

对于听力理解题型,考生需要做到准确抓取关键词,掌握主要信息。

同时,注意听力材料中的转折词和连接词语,用以分析和推理信息。

在解答问题时,要快速定位到相应的听力材料,并进行有针对性的解答。

总体而言,六级听力理解题型对考生的听力理解能力有较高要求,需要准确抓住重点信息。

对于听力填空题型,考生需要在听力材料中快速找到与题目相关的信息,并迅速填写在答题卡上。

尽可能地用简洁的词汇填写答案,避免句子结构和语法错误。

同样,对于一些提问“意图”、“态度”等主观性问题,要根据所听内容进行合理推测,找到正确答案。

2.阅读部分阅读部分是六级考试的重点部分之一。

在2006年的六级阅读部分,主要包括短文理解和长篇阅读两种题型。

对于短文理解题型,考生需要快速浏览文章,了解大意并抓住关键信息。

可以在阅读过程中使用标记法,对关键句子或段落进行标记,以便在解答问题时能够快速定位到相关信息。

在解答问题时,要注意对题目要求的理解,并准确运用相关知识进行解答。

长篇阅读部分相对较难,需要考生具备较高的综合分析能力和阅读理解能力。

在解答问题时,要首先理解文章的大意,然后针对具体问题进行分析和推理,找到正确答案。

需要注意的是,长篇阅读中常常涉及专业词汇和复杂句法结构,考生在备考过程中要多加练习,提高对专业领域的理解和应用能力。

3.写作部分写作部分是六级考试的另一个重要组成部分。

在解答六级写作题目时,要注意结构合理,行文连贯,逻辑清晰。

同时,要善于运用各类写作技巧,如列举例子、对比分析、举一反三等,丰富文章内容。

2006年6月六级听力真题及答案

2006年6月六级听力真题及答案

2006年6月17日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷(A卷)Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) She met with Thomas just a few days ago.B) She can help with the orientation program.C) She is not sure she can pass on the message.D) She will certainly try to contact Thomas.2. A) Set the dinner table.B) Change the light bulb.C) Clean the dining room.D) Hold the ladder for him.3. A) He’d like a piece of pie.B) He’d like some coffee.C) He’d rather stay in the warm room.D) He’s just had dinner with his friends.4. A) He has managed to sell a number of cars.B) He is contented with his current position.C) He might get fired.D) He has lost his job.5. A) Tony’s secretary.B) Paul’s girlfriend.C) Paul’s colleague.D) Tony’s wife.6. A) He was fined for running a red light.B) He was caught speeding on a fast lane.C) He had to run quickly to get the ticket.D) He made a wrong turn at the intersection.7. A) He has learned a lot from his own mistakes.B) He is quite experienced in taming wild dogs.C) He finds reward more effective than punishment.D) He thinks it important to master basic training skills.8. A) At a bookstore.B) At the dentist’s.C) In a restaurant.D) In the library.9. A) He doesn’t want Jenny to get into trouble.B) He doesn’t agree with the woman’s remark.C) He thinks Jenny’s workload t oo heavy at college.D) He believes most college students are running wild.10. A) It was applaudable.B) It was just terrible.C) The actors were enthusiastic.D) The plot was funny enough.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Social work.B) Medical care.C) Applied physics.D) Special education.12. A) The timely advice from her friends and relatives.B) The two-year professional training she received.C) Her determination to fulfill her dream.D) Her parents’ consistent moral support.13. A) To get the funding for the hospitals.B) To help the disabled children there.C) To train therapists for the children there.D) To set up an institution for the handicapped.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) At a country school in Mexico.B) In a mountain valley of Spain.C) At a small American college.D) In a small village in Chile.15. A) By expanding their minds and horizons.B) By financing their elementary education.C) By setting up a small primary school.D) By setting them an inspiring example.16. A) She wrote poetry that broke through national barriers.B) She was a talented designer of original school curriculums.C) She proved herself to be an active and capable stateswoman.D) She made outstanding contributions to children’s education.17. A) She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.B) She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.C) She translated her books into many languages.D) She advised many statesmen on international affairs.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) How animals survive harsh conditions in the wild.B) How animals alter colors to match their surroundings.C) How animals protect themselves against predators.D) How animals learn to disguise themselves effectively.19. A) Its enormous size.B) Its plant-like appearance.C) Its instantaneous response.D) Its offensive smell.20. A) It helps improve their safety.B) It allows them to swim faster.C) It helps them fight their predators.D) It allows them to avoid twists and turns.2006年6月17日六级参考答案Part I1. C2. D3. B4. C5. D6. A7. C8. B9. B 10. A11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A16. D 17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A。

2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷.理)含详解

2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷.理)含详解

绝密★启用前2007 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数 学(理工类) (北京卷)本试卷分第 I 卷(选择题)和第 II 卷(非选择题)两部分,第 I 卷 1 至2 页,第 II 卷 3 至 9 页,共 150 分。

考试时间 120 分钟。

考试结束。

将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第 I 卷(选择题共 40 分) 注意事项:1. 答第 I 卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目写在答题卡上。

2.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试卷上。

一、本大题共 8 小题,每小题 5 分,共 40 分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中,选出符合题目要求 的一项。

1. 若数列}{n a 满足: 311=a , 且对任意正整数n m ,都有n m n m a a a ⋅=+, 则 =++++∞→)(lim 21n n a a aA .21B .32C .23D .22. 过平行六面体1111D C B A ABCD -任意两条棱的中点作直线, 其中与平面11D DBB 平行的直线共有A .4条B .6条C .8条D .12条3. 已知,0||2||≠= 且关于x 的方程0||2=⋅++x x 有实根, 则与的夹角的取值范围是A .]6,0[πB .],3[ππC .]32,3[ππD .],6[ππ4. 某外商计划在4个候选城市投资3个不同的项目, 且在同一个城市投资的项目不超过2个, 则该外商不同的投资方案有A . 16种B .36种C .42种D .60种5. 过双曲线1:222=-by x M 的左顶点A 作斜率为1的直线l , 若l 与双曲线M的两条渐近线分别相交于点C B ,, 且||||BC AB =, 则双曲线M 的离心率是A . 10B .5C .310D .25 6. 设函数1)(--=x ax x f , 集合}0)(|{},0)(|{>'=<=x f x P x f x M , 若P M ⊂,则实数a 的取值范围是A .)1,(--∞B .)1,0(C .),1(+∞D .),1[+∞ 7. 棱长为2的正四面体的四个顶点都在同一个球面上, 若过该球球心的一个截面如图1,则图中三角形(正四面体的截面)的面积是A .22 B .23 C .2 D .38. 若圆0104422=---+y x y x 上至少有三个不同的点到直线0:=+by ax l 的距离为22,则直线l 的倾斜角的取值范围是A . ]412[ππ,B .]12512[ππ,C .]36[ππ,D .]20[π,绝密★启用前2006 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数 学(文史类) (北京卷) 第 II 卷(共 110 分)注意事项:1.用钢笔或圆珠笔将答案直接写在试卷上。

2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷)含详解

2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏卷)含详解

2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试数 学(江苏卷)参考公式: 一组数据的方差])()()[(1222212x x x x x x n S n -++-+-=其中x 为这组数据的平均数一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中,恰.有一项...是符合题目要求的。

(1)已知R a ∈,函数R x a x x f ∈-=|,|sin )(为奇函数,则a =(A )0 (B )1 (C )-1 (D )±1 (2)圆1)3()1(22=++-y x 的切线方程中有一个是(A )x -y =0 (B )x +y =0 (C )x =0 (D )y =0(3)某人5次上班途中所花的时间(单位:分钟)分别为x ,y ,10,11,9.已知这组数据的平均数为10,方差为2,则|x -y |的值为(A )1 (B )2 (C )3 (D )4(4)为了得到函数R x x y ∈+=),63sin(2π的图像,只需把函数R x x y ∈=,sin 2的图像上所有的点(A )向左平移6π个单位长度,再把所得各点的横坐标缩短到原来的31倍(纵坐标不变) (B )向右平移6π个单位长度,再把所得各点的横坐标缩短到原来的31倍(纵坐标不变)(C )向左平移6π个单位长度,再把所得各点的横坐标伸长到原来的3倍(纵坐标不变)(D )向右平移6π个单位长度,再把所得各点的横坐标伸长到原来的3倍(纵坐标不变)(5)10)31(xx -的展开式中含x 的正整数指数幂的项数是(A )0 (B )2 (C )4 (D )6(6)已知两点M (-2,0)、N (2,0),点P 为坐标平面内的动点,满足||||MN MP MN NP ⋅+⋅=0,则动点P (x ,y )的轨迹方程为(A )x y 82= (B )x y 82-= (C )x y 42= (D )x y 42-= (7)若A 、B 、C 为三个集合,C B B A ⋂=⋃,则一定有(A )C A ⊆ (B )A C ⊆ (C )C A ≠ (D )φ=A (8)设a 、b 、c 是互不相等的正数,则下列等式中不恒成立....的是 (A )||||||c b c a b a -+-≤- (B )aa a a 1122+≥+ (C )21||≥-+-ba b a (D )a a a a -+≤+-+213 (9)两相同的正四棱锥组成如图1为1的正方体内,使正四棱锥的底面ABCD 某一个平面平行,且各顶点...的几何体体积的可能值有(A)1个 (B )2个 (C )3个 (D )无穷多个(10)右图中有一个信号源和五个接收器。

2006年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案

2006年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案

2006年6月英语六级真题Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversationand the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), anddecide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) She met with Thomas just a few days ago.B) She can help with the orientation program.C) She is not sure she can pass on the message.D) She will certainly try to contact Thomas.2. A) Set the dinner table.B) Change the light bulbC) Clean the dining room.D) Hold the ladder for him.3. A) He’d like a piece of pie.B) He’d like some coffeeC) He’d rather stay in the warm room.D) He’s just had dinner with his friends.4. A) He has managed to sell a number of cars.B) He is contented with his current position.C) He might get fired.D) He has lost his job.5. A) Tony’s secretary.B) Paul’s girlfriend.C) Paul’s colleague.D) Tony’s wife.6. A) He was fined for running a red light.B) He was caught speeding on a fast lane.C) He had to run quickly to get the ticket.D) He made a wrong turn at the intersection.7. A) He has learned a lot from his own mistakes.B) He is quite experienced in taming wild dogs.C) He finds reward more effective than punishment.D) He thinks it important to master basic training skills.8. A) At a bookstore.B) At the dentist’s.C) In a restaurant.D) In the library.9. A) He doesn’t want Jenny to get into trouble.B) He doesn’t agree with the woman’s remark.C) He thinks Jenny’s workload too heavy at college.D) He believes most college students are running wild.10. A) It was applaudable.B) It was just terrible.C) The actors were enthusiastic.D) The plot was funny enough.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheetwith a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Social work.B) Medical careC) Applied physicsD) Special education.12. A) The timely advice from her friends and relatives.B) The two-year professional training she received.C) Her determination to fulfill her dream.D) Her parents’ consistent moral support.13. A) To get the funding for the hospitals.B) To help the disabled children there.C) To train therapists for the children there.D) To set up an institution for the handicapped.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) At a country school in Mexico.B) In a mountain valley of Spain.C) At a small American college.D) In a small village in Chile.15. A) By expanding their minds and horizons.B) By financing their elementary education.C) By setting up a small primary school.D) By setting them an inspiring example.16. A) She wrote poetry that broke through national barriers.B) She was a talented designer of original school curriculums.C) She proved herself to be an active and capable stateswoman.D) She made outstanding contributions to children’s education.17. A) She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.B) She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.C) She translated her books into many languages.D) She advised many statesmen on international affairs.Passage ThreeQuestion 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) How animals survive harsh conditions in the wild.B) How animals alter colors to match their surroundings.C) How animals protect themselves against predators.D) How animals learn to disguise themselves effectively.19. A) Its enormous size.B) Its plant-like appearance.C) Its instantaneous response.D) Its offensive smell.20. A) It helps improve their safety.B) It allows them to swim faster.C) It helps them fight their predators.D) It allows them to avoid twists and turns.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. Movies. Television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask what’s wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment. Most researchers agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex. A 1993 study by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences listed “biological, individual, family, peer, school, and community factors” as all playing their parts.Viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals.The trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate the case for causality (因果关系). Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including theAmerican Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement: “At this time, well over 1,000 studies… point overwhelmingly to a causal connection between media violence and aggressive behavior in some children.”Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and even disputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). When Jonathan Freedman, a social psychologist at the University of Toronto, reviewed the literature, he found only 200 or so studies of television-watching and aggression. And when he weeded out “the most doubtful measures of aggression”, only 28% supported a connection.The critical point here is causality. The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause aggression. But the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined. When labeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event? And when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read ‘aggressive’or ‘non-aggressive’ words from a list, can we be sure what they are actually measuring? The intent of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions is an important step in the right direction.Another appropriate ster would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. Several researchers write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. That is, of course, their privilege. But when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matter has now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. In response, the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry. Such clashes help neither science nor society.21. Why is there so much violence shown in movies, TV and video games?A) There is a lot of violence in the real world today.B) Something has gone wrong with today’s society.C) Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.D) Showing violence is thought to be entertaining.22. What is the skeptics (Line 3. Para.3) view of media violence?A) Violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.B) Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.C) A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.D) The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated.23. The author uses the term “alarmists” (Line 1. Para.5) to refer to those who ______.A) use standardized measurements in the studies of media violenceB) initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on realityC) assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behaviorD) use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior24. In refuting the alarmists, the author advances his argument by first challenging____.A) the source and amount of their dataB) the targets of their observationC) their system of measurementD) their definition of violence25. What does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between the media and violence?A) More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.B) It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.C) The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.D) He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.You’re in trouble if you have to buy your own brand-name prescription drugs. Over the past decade, prices leaped by more than double the inflation rate. Treatments for chronic conditions can easily top $2,000 a month-no wonder that one in four Americans can’s afford to fill their prescriptions. The solution? A hearty chorus of “O Canada.” North of the border, where price controls reign, those same brand-name drugs cost 50% to 80% less.The Canadian option is fast becoming a political wake-up call, “If our neighbors can buy drugs at reasonable prices, why can’t we?” Even to whisper that thought provokes anger.“Un-American!” And-the propagandists’ trump card (王牌)—“Wreck our brilliant health-care system.” Super-size drug prices, they claim, fund the research that sparks the next generation of wonder drugs. No sky-high drug price today, no cure for cancer tomorrow. So shut up and pay up. Common sense tells you that’s a false alternative. The reward for finding. Say, a cancer cure is so huge that no one’s going to hang it up. Nevertheless, if Canada-level pricing came to the United States, the industry’s profit margins would drop and the pace of new-drug development would slow. Here lies the American dilemma. Who is all this splendid medicine for? Should ourhealth-care system continue its drive toward the best of the best, even though rising numbers of patients can’t afford it? Or should we direct our wealth toward letting everyone in on today’s level of care? Measured by saved lives, the latter is almost certainly the better course.To defend their profits, the drug companies have warned Canadian wholesalers and pharmacies(药房) not to sell to Americans by mail, and are cutting back supplies to those who dare.Meanwhile, the administration is playing the fear card. Officials from the Food and Drug Administration will argue that Canadian drugs might be fake, mishandled, or even a potential threat to life.Do bad drugs fly around the Internet? Sure-and the more we look, the more we’ll find, But I haven’t heard of any raging epidemics among the hundreds of thousands of people buyingcross-border.Most users of prescription drugs don’s worry about costs a lot.They’re sheltered by employee insurance, owing just a $20 co-pay.The financial blows rain, instead, on the uninsured, especially the chronically ill who need expensive drugs to live, This group will still include middle-income seniors on Medicare, who’ll have to dig deeply into their pockets before getting much from the new drug benefit that starts in 2006.26. What is said about the consequence of the rocketing drug prices in the U.S.?A) A quarter of Americans can’t afford their prescription drugs.B) Many Americans can’t afford to see a doctor when they fall ill.C) Many Americans have to go to Canada to get medical treatment.D) The inflation rate has been more than doubled over the years.27. It can be inferred that America can follow the Canadian model and curb its soaring drug prices by _____.A) encouraging people to buy prescription drugs onlineB) extending medical insurance to all its citizensC) importing low-price prescription drugs from CanadaD) exercising price control on brand-name drugs28. How do propagandists argue for the U.S. drug pricing policy?A) Low prices will affect the quality of medicines in America.B) High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.C) Low prices will bring about the anger of drug manufacturers.D) High-price drugs are indispensable in curing chronic diseases.29. What should be the priority of America’s health-care system according to the author?A) To resolve the dilemma in the health-care system.B) To maintain America’s lead in the drug industry.C) To allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits.D) To quicken the pace of new drug development.30. What are American drug companies doing to protect their high profits?A) Labeling drugs bought from Canada as being fakes.B) Threatening to cut back funding for new drug research.C) Reducing supplies to uncooperative Canadian pharmacies.D) Attributing the raging epidemics to the ineffectiveness of Canadian drugs.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Age has its privileges in America. And one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain age-in some cases as low as 55-is automatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses-as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them;yet,millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” and “needy”are synonymous (同义的).Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and many older Americans are poor, But most of them aren’t. It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense.Directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits,which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore point, Buoyed (支持) by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who don’t need them.It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment; and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting against-discrimination by age.31. We learn from the first paragraph that____.A) offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practiceB) senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent lifeC) giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderlyD) senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount32. What assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?A) Businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society in return.B) Old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made to society.C) The elderly, being financially underprivileged,need humane help from society.D) Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the Social Security system.33. According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will___.A) make old people even more dependent on societyB) intensify conflicts between the young and the oldC) have adverse financial impact on business companiesD) bring a marked increase in the companies revenues34. How does the author view the Social Security system?A) It encourages elderly people to retire in time.B) It opens up broad career prospects for young people.C) It benefits the old at the expense of the youngD) It should be reinforced by laws and court decisions35. Which of the following best summarizes the author’s main argument?A) Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.B) The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.C) Priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.D) Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for $500. For his white slave master, the sale was just “business as usual.” But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans continued under racial segregation for nearly another century. The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 21st century is the problem of “structural racism” the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and white indifference. Do Americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barriers that deny democratic rights and opportunities to millions of their fellowcitizens?This country has previously witnessed two great struggles to achieve a truly multicultural democracy.The First Reconstruction (1865-1877) ended slavery and briefly gave black men voting rights, but gave no meaningful compensation for two centuries of unpaid labor. The promise of “40 acres and a mule (骡子)”was for most blacks a dream deferred (尚未实现的).The Second Reconstruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal segregation in public accommodations and gave blacks voting rights . But these successes paradoxically obscure the tremendous human costs of historically accumulated disadvantage that remain central to black Americans’ lives.The disproportionate wealth that most whites enjoy today was first constructed from centuries of unpaid black labor. Many white institutions, including some leading universities, insurance companies and banks, profited from slavery. This pattern of white privilege and black inequality continues today.Demanding reparations (赔偿) is not just about compensation for slavery and segregation. It is, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racial deficits” of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks regardless of class. Structural racism’s barriers include “equity inequity.” the absence of black capital formation that is a direct consequence of America’s history. One third of all black households actually have negative net wealth. In 1998 the typical black family’s net wealth was $16,400, less than one fifth that of white families.Black families are denied home loans at twice the rate of whites.Blacks remain the last hired and first fired during recessions.During the 1990-91 recession. African-Americans suffered disproportionately. At Coca-Cola, 42 percent of employees who lost their jobs were blacks. At Sears, 54 percent were black, Blacks have significantly shorter life spans, in part due to racism in the health establishment. Blacks are statistically less likely than whites to be referred for kidney transplants or early-stage cancer surgery.36. To the author, the auction of his great-grandfather is a typical example of____.A) crime against humanityB) unfair business transactionC) racial conflicts in GeorgiaD) racial segregation in America37. The barrier to democracy in 21st century America is____.A) widespread use of racist stereotypesB) prejudice against minority groupsC) deep-rooted socio-economic inequalityD) denial of legal rights to ordinary blacks38. What problem remains unsolved in the two Reconstructions?A) Differences between races are deliberately obscured.B) The blacks are not compensated for their unpaid labor.C) There is no guarantee for blacks to exercise their rights.D) The interests of blacks are not protected by law.39. It is clear that the wealth enjoyed by most whites____.A) has resulted from business successes over the yearsB) has been accompanied by black capital formationC) has derived from sizable investments in educationD) has been accumulated from generations of slavery40. What does the author think of the current situation regarding racial discrimination?A) Racism is not a major obstacle to blacks’ employment.B) Inequality of many kinds remains virtually untouchedC) A major step has been taken towards reparations.D) Little has been done to ensure blacks’ civil rights.Part III V ocabulary (20 minutes)Direction: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence thereare four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the centre.41. Because of the of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both at home and abroad.A)originality B) subjectivityC) generality D) ambiguity42. With its own parliament and currency and a common ___ for peace, the European Union declared itself—in 11 official languages—open for business.A) inspiration B) assimilationC) intuition D) aspiration43. America has now adopted more _________ European-style inspection systems, and the incidence of food poisoning is falling.A) discrete B) solemnC) rigorous D) autonomous44. Mainstream pro-market economists all agree that competition is an ___ spur to efficiency and innovation.A) extravagant B) exquisiteC) intermittent D) indispensable45. In the late 19th century, Jules Verne, the master of science fiction, foresaw many of the technological wonders that are ___ today.A) transient B) commonplaceC) implicit D) elementary46. I was so ___ when I used the automatic checkout lane in the supermarket for the first time.A) immersed B) assaultedC) thrilled D) dedicated47. His arm was ___ from the shark’s mouth and reattached, but the boy, who already died, remained in a delicate condition.A)retrieved B) retainedC) repelled D) restored48. Bill Gates and Walt Disney are two people America has ___ to be the Greatest American.A) appointed B) appeasedC) nicknamed D) dominated49. The ___ majority of citizens tend to believe that the death penalty will help decreasethe crime rate.A) overflowing B) overwhelmingC) prevalent D) premium50. We will also see a ___ increase in the number of televisions per household, as smallTV displays are added to clocks, coffee makers and smoke detectors.A) startling B) surpassingC) suppressing D) stacking51. The advance of globalization is challenging some of our most ___ values and ideas, including our idea of what constitutes “home”.A) enriched B) enlightenedC) cherished D) chartered52. Researchers have discovered that ___ with animals in an active way may lower aperson’s blood pressure.A) interacting B) integratingC) migrating D) merging53. The Beatles, the most famous British band of the 196.s, traveled worldwide for many years, _________ cultural barriers.A) transporting B) transplantingC) transferring D) transcending54. In his last years, Henry suffered from a disease that slowly ___ him of much of hissight.A) relieved B) jeopardizedC) deprived D) eliminated55. Weight lifting, or any other sport that builds up your muscles, can make bones become denser and less ___ to injury.A) attached B) proneC) immune D) reconciled56. He has ___ to museums hundreds of his paintings as well as his entire personalcollection of modern art.A) ascribed B) attributedC) designated D) donated57. Erik’s website contains ___ photographs and hundreds of articles and short videosfrom his trip around the globe.A) prosperous B) gorgeousC) spacious D) simultaneous58. Optimism is a ___ shown to be associated with good physical health, less depressionand longer life.A) trail B) traitC) trace D) track59. The institution has a highly effective program which helps first-year students make a successful ___ into college life.A) transformation B) transmissionC) transition D) transaction60. Philosophers believe that desire, hatred and envy are “negative emotions” which ___the mind and lead it into a pursuit of power and possessions.A) distort B) reinforceC) exert D) scramble61. The term “glass ceiling” was first used by the Wall Street Journal to describe the apparent barriers that prevent women from reaching the top of the corporate ___.A) seniority B) superiorityC) height D) hierarchy62. Various efforts have been made over the centuries to predict earthquakes, including observing lights in the sky and ___ animal behavior.A) abnormal B) exoticC) absurd D) erroneous63. Around 80 percent of the ___ characteristics of most white Britons have beenpassed down from a few thousand Ice Age hunters.A) intelligible B) randomC) spontaneous D) genetic64. Picasso gained popularity in the mid-20th century, which was ___ of a new attitude towards modern art.A) informative B) indicativeC) exclusive D) expressive65. The country was an island that enjoyed civilized living for a thousand years or more with little ___ from the outside world.A) disturbance B) discriminationC) irritation D) irregularity66. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and ________ .A) stability B) capability。

06年12月六级真题参考答案

06年12月六级真题参考答案

Part VI Translation

72. followed my advice, you would not have run into trouble 73. watched her injured son being sent into the operation room 74. were advised not to travel to that country at the moment 75. by/ via email instead of phone 76. It was not until the deadline did he send out/post
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

Section A 47. a blessing 48. simplified 49. it had nearly been destroyed by a firestorm Or: A tragedy / disaster / loss almost occurred to it 50. different 51. make a list of the unnecessary things (before unloading them)

Part III Listening Comprehension

Section A 11. D 12. C 15. D 16. A 19. B 20.D 23. B 24.C Section B 26. B 27. C 30. A 31. D 34.D /them its----their
• 语义矛盾: acceptance----rejection • 词性:adj-adv,adv-adj

2006年全国理综卷及答案

2006年全国理综卷及答案

绝密★启用前2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第a卷(非选择题)两部分。

第I卷1至4页,第Ⅱ卷5至8页。

考试结束后,将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷注愈事项:1.答题前,考生在答题卡上务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,并贴好条形码.请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。

2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,在试题卷上作答无效.3本卷共21小题,每小题6分,共126分。

以下数据可供解题时参考:相对原子质量(原子量):H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16一、选择题(本题包括13小题。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1.人的神经系统中,有些神经细胞既能传导兴奋,又能合成分泌激素。

这些细胞位于A.大脑皮层B. 垂体C. 下丘脑D. 脊髓2.一般情况下,用抗原免疫机体,血清中抗体浓度会发生相应变化。

如果第二次免疫与第一次免疫所用的抗原相同且剂量相等,下列四图中能正确表示血清中抗体浓度变化的是3.下列关于动物细胞培养的叙述,正确的是A.培养中的人效应T 细胞能产生单克隆抗体B.培养中的人B 细胞能够无限地增殖C.人的成熟红细胞经过培养能形成细胞株D.用胰蛋白酶处理肝组织可获得单个肝细胞4.锄足蟾蝌蚪、雨蛙蝌蚪和蟾蜍蝌蚪均以浮游生物为食。

在条件相同的四个池塘中,每池放养等量的三种蝌蚪,各池蝌蚪总数相同。

再分别在四个池塘中放入不同数量的捕食者水螈。

一段时间后,三种蝌蚪数量变化结果如图。

下列分析,错误..的是A.无水螈的池塘中,锄足蟾蝌蚪数量为J 型增长B.三种蝌蚪之间为竞争关系C.水螈更喜捕食锄足蟾蝌蚪D.水螈改变了三种蝌蚪间相互作用的结果5.采用基因工程技术将人凝血因子基因导入山羊受精卵,培育出了转基因羊。

但是,人凝血因子只存在于该转基因羊的乳汁中。

以下有关叙述,正确的是A.人体细胞中凝血因子基因编码区的碱基对数目,等于凝血因子氨基酸数目的3倍B.可用显微注射技术将含有人凝血因子基因的重组DNA 分子导入羊的受精卵C.在转基因羊中,人凝血因子基因存在于乳腺细胞,而不存在于其他体细胞中D.人凝血因子基因开始转录后,DNA 连接酶以DNA 分子的一条链为模板合成mRNA 6.在常温常压下呈气态的化合物,降温使其固化得到的晶体属于A.分子晶体B.原子晶体C.离子晶体D.何种晶体无法判断 7.下列叙述正确的是A.同一主族的元素,原子半径越大,其单质的熔点一定越高B.同一周期元素的原子,半径越小越容易失去电子C.同一主族的元素的氢化物,相对分子质量越大,它的沸点一定越高D.稀有气体元素的原子序数越大,其单质的沸点一定越高 8.用A N 代表阿伏加德罗常数,下列说法正确的是A.0.5molAl 与足量盐酸反应转移电子数为1A NB.标准状况下,11.2L 3SO 所含的分子数为0.5A NC.0.1mol 4CH 所含的电子数为1A ND.46g 2NO 和24N O 的混合物含有的分子数为1A N9.把分别盛有熔融的氯化钾、氯化镁、氯化铝的三个电解槽串连,在一定条件下通电一段时间后,析出钾、镁、铝的物质的量之比为 A. 1:2:3 B. 3:2:1 C.6:3:1 D. 6:3:210. 浓度均为0.1mol ·L -1的三种溶液等体积混和,充分反映后没有沉淀的一组溶液是A. BaCl 2 NaOH NaHCO 3B. Na 2CO 3 MgCl 2 H 2SO 4C. AlCl 3 NH 3·H 2O NaOHD. Ba(OH)2 CaCl 2 Na 2SO 411.在0.1mol ·L -1CH 3COOH 溶液中存在如下电离平衡:CH 3COOH CH 3COO -+H +对于该平衡,下列叙述正确的是A.加入水时,平衡向逆反应方向移动B.加入少量NaOH 固体,平衡向正反应方向移动C.加入少量0.1mol ·L -1HCl 溶液,溶液中c (H +)减小D.加入少量CH 3COONa 固体,平衡向正反应方向移动 12. 茉莉醛具有浓郁的茉莉花香,其结构简式如下所示:关于茉莉醛的下列叙述错误的是A.在加热和催化剂作用下,能被氢气还原B.能被高锰酸钾酸性溶液氧化C.在一定条件下能与溴发生取代反应D.不能与氢溴酸发生加成反应13.由硫酸钾、硫酸铝和硫酸组成的混和溶液,其pH =1,c (Al 3+)=0.4mol ·L -1,c (SO 42-)=0.8mol ·L -1,则c (K +)为 A.0.15mol ·L -1 B.0.2mol ·L -1 C.0.3mol ·L -1 D.0.4mol ·L -1二、选择题(本题包括8小题。

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2009年上海公务员考试申论真题及解析满分:100分时限:150分钟一、注意事项1、监考老师发给你的测试材料分为两部分:试题本和答题纸。

2、测试开始前,请在试题本和答题纸上指定位置先填写好自己的姓名、准考证号等内容,然后再开始答题。

3、申论考试与传统的作文考试不同,是分析驾驭材料能力与表达能力并重的考试。

作答参考时限:阅读资料40分钟,作答110分钟。

4、仔细阅读给定的资料,按照后面提出的“答题要求”依次作答在答题纸指定位置上。

5、监考老师宣布考试结束时,应立即停止答题,将试题本和答题纸留在桌上,然后离开考场。

不得将试题本带出考场。

6、特别提醒:a.答题时请认准题号,避免答错位置影响考试成绩。

b.所有试题一律使用现代汉语作答。

必须使用钢笔或圆珠笔,在答题纸有效区域内作答.超出答题区域的作答无效。

严禁折叠答题纸!二、给定资料1.2008年夏天,上海一篇满分的高考作文《他们》引起了广泛的热议,专家称这是上海近年来高考中难得一见的佳作。

在城市的尽头,没有繁华的街市,闪亮的霓虹:在城市的尽头,只有破旧的棚户区,有饱经生活风霜的生命;在城市的尽头,有他们这样一群人。

让我怎样称呼他们?外来务工人员子女,农民子弟?亦或是农民工二代?不,我不想用这些冰冷的名字称呼他们,我多想叫着他们带着泥土气的乳名,拉着他们的小手,走近他们的生活……他们从小生长在故青山绿水中,纯洁的灵魂在田野里抽穗拔节。

在山野的风中,他们奔跑着、憧憬着。

风从田野中吹过,吹进了城市,为了生计,为了未来,他们跟从父母来到了城市,在城市的尽头扎下了根。

于是习惯了青山绿水的双眸第一次触碰到了高楼大厦、车水马龙。

他们不知道怎么穿过六车道的马路。

小小的手指怎么也数不清写字楼的层数。

繁华的现代文明不曾给他们带来任何快乐。

这一次,却在心上烙下了深深的痕迹。

他们背起书包,小心翼翼地融入城市的生活。

可是却在“城市人”异样的眼光中,第一次明白了户口与暂住证的区别。

他们都是父母心头的宝啊!却过早地承担了不属于这个年龄的负担。

放学回家,他们做好简单的晚饭,父母还在工地或菜场上劳作;午夜醒来,泪眼中城里的星空没有家乡的明亮;悄悄许愿,希望明天他们的打工子弟小学不会因交不出电费而被查封……然而,在他们日益长高的身体上,我看到了他们的成长。

记得一位记者问一个打工子弟学校的孩子,学成后是否会回到家乡时,小姑娘毫不犹豫的说:当然,一定回去!那一刻,我差点落下泪来,为他们的成长。

记得那年春晚他们稚气的宣言:“我们的学校很小,但我们的成绩不差”“我们不和城里的孩子比爸爸”“北京的2008,也是我们的2008!”他们逐渐成熟,告别昨天的羞怯,开始迎接新的一天。

虽然,他们还在为不多的学费而苦恼;虽然,学校还是交不上水电费;虽然,还有好多体制还不够完善……虽然有好多个“虽然”,但是,只有一个“但是”就足够了,已经有好多视线转向他们,他们正在茁壮地成长。

太阳从地平线上升起,照亮了城市的尽头,照亮了他们的生活。

他们,终将会成为我们。

2.11岁的湖北小姑娘兰兰几年前跟着打工的父母,在沿海某城市找工子弟学校读书。

因为交不起借读费,再加上公办学校学位满了,兰兰一直无法得到较高质量的教育。

无奈之下,今年春天父母又让她回到老家上学。

兰兰又从流动人口变成了留守儿童,过起了跟父母“分居”的日子。

来自中央有关部门的最新数据统计表明,随着我国城市化进程的推进,农民工总数已达到2.1亿人。

数以千万计的流动人口子女的教育问题,成为一个必须面对的问题。

相关数据显示,进城务工的农民工是个相当庞大的群体,堪称和平时期人类规模最大的人口流动,农民工子女的教育问题也随之凸显。

一方面,农民工子女受户籍制度限制,难以享受到和城里孩子同等的教育资源,另一方在,由于农民工子女在城市受教育的相关政策还没有充分落实,仍存在很多障碍,相当一部分农民工把子女留在农村,形成了大规模的留守儿童群体。

我国是一个典型的城乡二元结构社会,正处于城市化、工业化的进程中,大量人口从农村流入城市,流动人口子女的受教育难题已成为一个社会问题。

3.从20世纪90年代以后,我国流动人口出现了“家庭化”的趋势。

据公安部等相关部门的数据显示,2007年北京市总人口数量已经突破1700万,其中流动人口超过510万,约占总人口数的三分之一。

另据北京市教委统计,截至2006年暑假前,全市流动人口中适龄儿童少年共计36万余人。

在这个大背景下,一批民办打工子弟学校应运而生,靠着低廉的收费、简单的入学手续、地处农民工聚集地等优势,打工子弟学校日益增多。

然而,校舍、交通、食品卫生等安全隐患,使其成为有关部门取缔的对象。

对于城市流动人口子女接受义务教育的问题,国家已经确立了“以流入地为主,以公办学校为主”的原则,但目前仍然有相当数量的流动人口子女因各种原因难以进入公办学校,而选择到打工子弟学校就读,在经历多次“取缔风暴”之后,打工子弟学校的数量依然呈攀升趋势。

打工子弟学校的强大生命力源自“市场的需求”,目前,北京农家女文化发展中心针对北京6年打工子弟学校的100名学生和68名家长进行了闭卷调查,有76%的被调查学生表示“喜欢打工子弟学校”,受调查的家庭中有79.7%是夫妻双方在外地打工,67.2%因家中无人照顾和43.3%担心孩子得不到良好教育的父母,选择把孩子带到城市受教育。

几乎所有受访家长都希望“把孩子送到公办学校就读”,但问起如果打工子弟学校被取消,父母将如何安置孩子时,超过50%的人表示会将孩子送回老家上学。

为何家长放弃送孩子进入公立学校就读呢?为什么不选公办学校?北京农家女文化发展中心调查发现,有67.7%的人因“公办学校不招收外地进京人员子女”和“孩子在公办学校受歧视”而被迫选择放弃送孩子到公办学校就读。

“这个答案似乎与国家政策不一致,却是真实情况。

”“打工妹之家”有关人士长期负责流动儿动教育项目,据了解,公办学校限于校舍面积、教师数量等问题,首先要保证本地学生能够享受到教育资源,于是设立了一系列“门槛”控制外来流动人口子女的入学数量,如“入学资格考试”中语文、数学要达到90分以上,家长要出具“五证”――户口本、暂住证、务工证明、居住证明、户籍所在地无监护人的证明,以及成为潜规则的“赞助费”……很多家庭无法负理担这些社会成本,送孩子进入公办学校就读便成为一种奢望。

4.据广州教育局统计,共有四十多万外来工子女在广州各类中小学接受义务教育。

国家政策支持鼓励城市将外来工子女逐步吸纳进公办学校,但是目前政策落实还不能一步到位,需要分阶段推进。

根据广州相关规定,目前外来工子女在广州农村入学免借读费,在广州城市人读义务教育需缴纳500元钱的借读费。

广州教育局最新统计,截至2007年年底,共有43.025万外来工子女在广州市各类中小学接受小学和初中教育,其中近30万分布在各类民办学校,只有约1/3在公办学校就读。

如果将这30万学生“消化”掉,至少还需要新建几百所公办学校,学校用地、师资等都成问题,决定了这是一项需要逐步推进的工程。

5.目前我国城市流动儿童少年主要通过以下几种方式来接受教育:一部分在公办中小学借读是流动儿童少年就学的主要形式。

流入地学校参照当地政府拨款作为收费标准,吸收流动儿童少年自发借读。

学校安排儿童少年插班学习或单独编班。

全国大约有70%的流动儿童少年在流入地的公办中小学借读,他们和城市里的孩子们一样接受正规的学校教育。

如杭州市区流动儿童少年有66%在公办学校插班就读。

但即使这些流动儿童能在城里的公办学校上学,他们也只能属于借读生,所接受的来自学校和教师的关心与本地孩子仍然有所区别。

另有一部分流动儿童少年在民办、私立学校就学。

在南方一些市场经济比较发达的城市,流动人口多以经商为职业,有些人一旦有了一定的经济实力,他们希望子女能够在符合国家办学标准的民办或私立学校就学,所以这些地区专门招收流动儿童少年的私立学校发展较快。

还有一部分流动儿童少年就读于流动人口子女学校。

由于在城市正规学校借读需要缴纳昂贵的教育费用,所以大部分流动儿童就读于这类学校。

这些学校数量多、发展快,就读这些学校主要原因是其收费低廉,上海有三十多万流动儿童少年在由外来人口举办的五百多所简易学校中学习。

城市流动人口子女与同龄城市儿童相比,受教育的权利是不平等的。

受教育权,是我国宪法赋予公民的一项基本权利,也是公民享受其他文化教育的前提和基础。

一个人没有受教育的机会,无法上学,他就丧失了受教育权:如果缺乏教育的物质保障或法律保障。

公民的受教育权也可能落空。

这两个基本要素都是不可缺的。

流动人口子女也是我国的公民,也应享有和当地人一样无条件受教育的权利。

因此教育平等权利问题成为当前我国教育领域内存在的焦点问题,特别是城市流动人口子女教育权利的不平等问题越来越成为人们研究的热点问题。

这个问题直接关系到教育领域的正义和公正,关系到社会的各谐、稳定和可持续发展。

因此,全社会都应对他们的教育问题给予高度的关心和重视。

实施全民教育,推进教育权利平等,是当前中国教育改革的一个重要目标。

教育平等权是多种平等权中的一种,它的价值根基是人格尊严,反对任何在教育方面的歧视性对待,这首先就包括教育内容方面的平等;其次是机会均等;再次是享受国家提供的平等教育设施。

长期以来,教育投入比例失衡,高等教育的投入高于中等教育;城市人口虽大大少于农村,但是城市教育投入却高于农村,教育资源也丰富。

6.随着流动人口的出现,许多城市流动人口子女学校也大规模地出现。

从学校内部管理的情况来看。

流动人口子女学校中有一定规模的学校已有一定的管理规范化趋势。

市场竞争,当地教育行政部门和学生家长的要求是流动人口子女学校加强师资管理、教学管理的动力,并有可能促进其管理进一步规范化。

但是流动人口子女学校发展中仍然存在着一些情况:学校的师资来源是流出地的教师,教师工作量大、任务重、待遇偏低.因此教师队伍的稳定性较差,为流动人口子女所提供的义务教育水平往往不高。

有些学校甚至不具备办学资质,有些教师文化程度低.无教师资格证书。

如有个小学教师本人只有小学二年级文化水平,而让他教小学一年级。

如此情况难以保证流动人口子女的教学质量。

这些学校大部分条件相当简陋,教室采光、通风不好,有些甚至是仓库、公房等。

教室面积、课桌椅等不合要求,厕所、饮用水、饮食卫生存在隐患,不少学校操场、体育设施都缺乏.影响学生德智体美的全面发展。

教材采用各地不统一,缺乏统一的教材管理和统一的考核标准,教育质量参差不齐。

还有是经费短缺,学生的常见病防治、体检等都跟不上。

严重影响了学生的健康成长。

这些学校收费低廉导致了办学者尽力压低成本支出.影响了教学工作的正常开展,教学质量较难保证。

7.美国联邦政府没有制定全国统一的流动人口教育政策,这一政策主要留给州政府来制定。

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