语法新题型青中

高考新題型中考集訓14(A)WHEN you think of a typical American, whom do you picture? A pretty blond white American like Taylor Swift? Or a handsome black American like President Barack Obama or basketball star Kobe Bryant? In fact, there was a time (25)__________ the average American looked like none of these people.Back in the year 1500, the average American was a brown-skinned hunter-gatherer who probably (26)__________ (ride) a horse and wore clothing made from animal skins. Today, these people —who usually identify themselves (27)__________ (base) on their individual tribes such as Iriquois, Apache and Navajo —are broadly referred to (28)__________―Native Americans‖, ―American Indians‖ or simply ―Indians‖.There’s a chance that you’ve never even heard of American Indians. That’s because there aren’t very many (29)__________ (leave). When the European settlement of North America began, there was intense conflict between the settlers from overseas and these native peoples. After (30)__________ British government and military were expelled (赶走) in the Revolutionary War, conflicts between natives continued as the states (31)__________(create) that would later make up the US. In these conflicts, millions of natives were killed.In 1830, president Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act. This act required all Indians (32)__________ (migrate) to west of the Mississippi River to allow for the expansion of the US. American Indians were treated as a military ―enemy‖ until 1924, when the few Indians still alive at that point were granted US citizenship. That was the first time that the US government formally recognized Indians as human beings.(B)I hear that many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling. I wish it were so. At your age you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own two feet. But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are all taking the same way of showing that they disagree (33)__________their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them ar e clutching at one anther’s hands for reassurance.They claim they want to dress (34)__________ they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off in new directions in music. But somehow they all end up (35)__________(crowd) round listening to the same pop song. Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is (36)__________the crowd is doing it. They have come out of their cocoon into a larger cocoon.It has become harder and harder for a teenager (37)__________ (stand) up against the popularity wave and to go his or her won way. Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market. These days every teenager can learn from the advertisements what a teenager (38)__________have and be. And many of today’s parents have come toaward high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds up to a great barrier for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path.But the barrier is worth climbing (39)__________. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical music instead of going to party. You may want to collect rocks (40)__________ everyone else is collecting super-girls records. You may have some thoughts that you don’t care to share at once with your classmates. Well, go to it. Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come with the people who respect you for who you are. That’s the only kind of popularity that really counts.*********************************************************************(A)Teenagers who switch off the TV and sit down to family meals are less likely to suffer eating disorders.A study has credited eating together with (credit with认为…有) lower rates of bulimia (贪食症，易饥症) and anorexia (厌食症，缺乏食欲). Meals are also less likely (25)__________ (skip), and kids who are used to (26)__________ (eat) round the table are less likely to take up smoking to lose weight.Researcher Barbar a Fiese said: ―The common belief is (27)__________teens don’t want to be around their parents very much, and (28)__________ teens are just too busy for regular meals with the family.―Parents may not be able to get their families together around the table seven days a week, but if they (29)__________ schedule three family meals a week, they will safeguard their children’s health in great ways.‖Professor Fiese has found that teens who eat at least five meals a week with their families are 35 percent less l ikely to be ―disordered eaters.‖Even three family meals a week helped, with youngsters 12 percent less likely to be overweight than those who ate with their families less often.They were also 24 percent (30)________________ (likely) to eat healthy foods and have healthy eating habits than (31)__________ who didn’t share three meals with their families. Teens can also use family meals as (32)__________ time to get their thoughts across.（B）There is a photo hanging above my desk. Whenever I look at that photograph, it takes me back to those early years (33)__________every new experience was important for me.I can still remember the shouts of the spectators as I (34)__________ (go) out onto the sports field with my classmates. Two days (35)__________ (early), I had qualified for the finals of the 100 meters. Now (36)__________ (look) around, I was determined to win.(37)__________ I was walking across to the start, I began to feel more and more nervous. I looked around and saw my proud parents waving enthusiastically. My heart was beating fast when I lined up with the other eager competitors. I took some deep breaths and waited for the signal. Then the starting signal (38)__________ (give) and Iset off down the track.I ran as fast as I could, not looking at anything but the finishing line. By the time I crossed the line, I was so exhausted that I (39)__________ hardly breathe. As soon as I heard the result (40)__________(announce), I realized I had won! Overjoyed, I collapsed on the soft grass with a broad smile on my face.―Well done!‖said the Headmaster later, as I was presented with the winner’s certificate. I had never felt so happy and proud in my life.*********************************************************************(A)One of the first questions young children ask is ―Why?‖It is human nature to want (25)__________(find) out why things are the way they are. You can find out ―Why‖by turning the question into a hypothesis (假设) for (26)__________ experiment.(27)__________ example, suppose you have been trying to grow tomato plants, but insects keep destroying (28)__________. Someone tells you that (29)__________ (put) large strips of colored cloth around the plants will keep insects away. Your question might be ―Do certain colors of cloth keep insects away?‖Then you’d begin your experiment. The first step would be to place different-colored strips of cloth around all of the plants except one. Then, as regular intervals, you would observe and record and note (30)__________ the plant had any insect damage or not.This experiment may prove that the answer to your question is ―No, it is not different-colored strips of cloth (31)__________ keep away insects.‖ Or you may find that answer is ―Yes, certain insects are kept away by blue cloth, but not yellow cloth.‖… (32)__________ you have found, you are well on your way to understanding how you can use scientific thinking to solve a problem in your own way.(B)A woman was waiting at an airport one night, with several long hours before her flight. She hunted for a book in the airport shops, bought a bag of cookies and found a place to sit.She was engrossed (使全神贯注) in her book but happened to see that the man sitting beside her, as bold as he could be, grabbed (抓取) a cookie or two from the bag in between (33)__________. She tried to ignore it to avoid a scene (免得大吵大闹), (34)__________ she munched (用力咀嚼) some cookies and watched the clock, as the gutsy (津津有味的) cookie thief kept eating.She was getting (35)__________ (angry) as the minutes ticked by (滴答滴答过去), thinking, ―If I weren’t so nice, I would blacken his eyes.‖ With each cookie she took, he took one, too; when only one was left, she wondered (36)__________ he would do.(37)__________ a smile on his face, and a nervous laugh, he took the last cookie and broke it in half. He offered her a half, and ate the other. She snatched (夺走) it from him and thought, ―Oooh, brother. This guy has some nerve (勇气) and he’s so rude! Why he didn’t even show any gratitude !‖She (38)__________(never know) when she had been so angry, and sighed with relief when her flight was called. She gathered her belongings and headed to the gate,(39)__________ (refuse) to look back at the rude thief. She boarded the plane, sank in her seat, and looked for her book, which was almost complete.As she reached in her baggage, she gasped with surprise — there was her bag of cookies, in front of her eyes. ―If mine is here,‖ she moaned (呻吟) in despair, ―the others were (40)__________, and he tried to share!‖Too late to apologize, she realized with grief, that she was the rude one, the thief. ****************************************************************(A)In 2011, Amy Chua put out a book that got people (25)__________ (talk). It was bold, odd and oftentimes misunderstood. Chua’s book, Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother, is her memoir about the challenges of being a parent and (26)__________ (try) to keep to the strict upbringing she knew as a child. Controversy over the book arose because many readers did not get the impression (27)__________ Chua was trying to be humorous about her parenting methods. There was also miscommunication about the purpose of the book. Many received it as a guide for other parents on how to use strict methods (28)__________ (discipline) and motivate their children. However, Chua has always claimed the aim of her book was solely to share her experiences, successes, and failure as a parent in (29)__________ culturally diverse world.In Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother, Chua compares Western and Chinese beliefs and methods of parenting. In general, Chua says Chinese parents, or those with traditionally strict upbringings, (30)__________ (believe) a child’s academic success is directly linked to parenting skills. She also says it is common for such parents to make threats and take drastic measures to make their children do exactly what they say. This can include refusing to feed children until they play their piano lessons perfectly or taking away all toys (31)__________ they get test questions wrong. In contrast, Chua states that Western parents worry more about their children’s self-esteem, (32)__________drives their parenting methods. As a result, parenting methods have become (33)__________ (strict) and children are not held to the high standards they were in the past.(B)Andersen was born in 1805, and like the characters in (34)__________of his stories, his experiences weren’t always perfect. His private life was often problematic, and he had (35)__________hard time finding anyone to return his love. When he died, a letter from a woman that he had loved but didn’t share his feelings was found in pouch he carried on a string around his neck.The tall, thin, funny-looking Dane worked for a tailor and as an actor and singer (36)__________ taking up writing. Like an ugly duckling that grows into a beautiful swan, he finally found success by using his imagination, and his works began (37)__________ (notice). He wrote different kinds of stories and poems, although today, he is most famous for his fairy tales. The simple stories are (38)__________ (amuse) because they all have strong characters and positive messages. Andersen knew thatchildren loved his stories most of all, (39)__________ before he died, he asked that the music played at his funeral be the right tempo so that little children (40)__________ follow its beat with their footsteps.*******************************************************************(A)Once there lived a rich man (25)__________ wanted to do something for the people of his town. However, first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help.In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed a very large stone. Then he (26)__________ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.―Who put this stone in the centre of the road?‖ said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. (27)__________ man came along and did the same thing; then another came ,and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove (28)__________. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, (29)__________(say) to himself: ―The night(30)__________(be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.‖ Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his strength to move it. How great was his surprise at last! (31)__________ the stone, he found a bag of money.(B)The Internet is an (32)__________(amaze) information resource. Students, teachers, and researchers use it as an investigative tool. Journalists use it to find information for stories. Doctors use it to learn more about unfamiliar diseases and the (33)__________ (late) medical development. Ordinary people use it for shopping, banking, bill-paying, and communicating with family and friends. People all over the world use it to connect with individuals from (34)__________ countries and cultures. However, while there are many positive developments (35)__________(associate) with the Internet, there are also certain fears and concerns. One concern relates to a lack of control over (36)__________ appears on the Internet. With television and radio there are editors (37)__________(check) the accuracy or appropriateness of the content of programs, and with television there are restrictions (38)__________ what kinds of programs can (39)__________ (broadcast) and at what times of the day. With the Internet, parents can’t check a published guide to determine what is suitable (40)__________ their children to see.*******************************************************************************(A)The coast of the State of Maine is one of(25)__________（irregular）in the world. A straight line （26 ）__________( run ) from the southernmost coastal city to the northernmost coastal city would measure about 225 miles. If you followed the coastline （27）________ these points, you would travel more than ten times as far. This irregularity is the result of what is called a drowned coastline. The term comes from the glacial（冰川的）activity of the Ice Age. At that time, the whole area that is now Maine was part of a mountain range that towered above the sea.(28)__________the glacier descended, however, it applied enormous force on those mountains, and they sank into the sea.As the mountains sank, ocean water charged over the lowest parts of the remaining land. And the highest parts of the former mountain range, nearest the shore,(29)_________(remain) as islands. Marine fossils found here are 225 feet above sea level indicating the level of the shoreline prior to the glacier.The 2,500-mile-long rocky and jagged coastline of Maine keeps watch over nearly 2,000 islands. Many of these islands are tiny and uninhabited,(30)__________many are home to blooming communities. Mt. Desert Island is one of the largest, most beautiful of the Maine coast islands left behind by the glacier. (31)____________ ( measure) 16 miles by 12 miles, Mt. Desert was very nearly formed as two distinct islands. (32)_________ is split almost in half by Somes Sound, a very deep and very narrow stretch of water seven miles long.(B)Money is the root of all evil– and new study claims there may be some truth (33)________ the saying. Scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, US, announced on February 27 that rich people are more likely to do immoral things, such as lie or cheat, than poorer people.The scientists did a series of eight experiments. They published their findings online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).They carried out the first two experiments from the sidewalk near Berkeley. They noted that drivers of newer and more expensive cars were (34)_________ ( likely) to cut off other cars and pedestrians at crosswalks. Nearly 45 percent of people driving expensive cars ignored a pedestrian (35)____________( compare) with only 30 percent of people driving more modest cars.In another experiment, a group of college students was asked if they (36)___________ do unethical(不道德的) things in various everyday situations and instances included taking printer paper from work and not telling a salesperson(37)________ he or she gave back more change. Students from higher-class families were more likely to act dishonestly.According to the scientists, rich people often think money can get them out of trouble. This makes them less afraid to take risks. It also means they care less about other people’s feelings.Finally, it simply makes them greedier. ―Higher wealth status seems to make you want even more, and that increased want (38)__________ (lead) you to bend the rules or break the rules to serve your self-interest,‖ said Paul Piff, lead scientist of the study.Piff pointed out that the findings don’t mean that al l rich people are untrustworthy (39) ________ all poor people honest. He said the experiments were to show (40)_________ peopleliving in different social situations express their instincts and values in different ways.(A)The activist organization says the serious injuries suffered by a tiger handler during the attack at the Sunshine Coast zoo on Tuesday were also "entirely preventable"."his employer had followed standard industry practice and required that protective barriers always (keep)between potentially dangerous animals and humans ... the trainer would never have been attacked," PETA said in a statement.The tiger bit the zoo employee on his neck and shoulder, (leave)the 30-year-old victim with two puncture wounds.He was flown to a Brisbane hospital in a serious stable condition.PETA says the fault lies squarely with Australia Zoo, "who ___ be penalised for allowing employees to risk their lives getting into an enclosure with wild animals."The best way to protect tigers is by working to preserve habitat, not to confineto pens are nothing like their homes in the wild and forcing them to do tricks or pose for photos."(B)China defence zone could increase tensions8:13pm November 26, 2013Foreign Minister Julie Bishop is concerned China's claim of anair-defence zone in the East China Sea was done without consultation and (32) ________increase tensions in the region.Similar concerns (33) _____________( echo) in Washington and Tokyo since the zone, which includes airspace over a small group of islands claimed by(34)____________ China and Japan, was established on Saturday.The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) called in the Chinese Ambassador on Monday(35) __________( convey) its issue with China's action.（36）__________(speak) to media in Sydney, Ms Bishop said the matter would also be raised when she travels to China in the next couple of weeks.She said it was Australia's long-standing position there be no coercive or unilateral action to upset the status quo in relation to the East China Sea."This was done without any consultation, as I understand it, and we want to understand China's intentions and(37) ____________ they made the announcement," she said on Tuesday night.Ms Bishop said the timing of the announcement had the potential to increase tensions over an issue already prompting concerns."The tensions already exist," she said."There's (38)_________ territorial dispute. Australia doesn't take sides in the territorial dispute but we have an interest as do other countries in the region to ensure stability and peace (39)___________( maintain) in the region."Ms Bishop will seek clarification from Beijing officials and raise(40)_________ in discussions in Japan.。