2013年6月英语四级考试真题以及答案(第1套)
2013年6月四级英语真题与听力原文及答案解析
If vw can efnPTv llw diusttrinDal l 4m a Ml wardedabouT ofnucl«r wufe.here, mu can do anyfhiEifi!| 2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题 （标准卷）Total score: 710 Total time allowed: 125 minu tes特注：2013年6月大学四级考试采用多题多卷形式，本试卷含两套写作题， 考生可以任选其一。
Part I Writing (多题多卷写作题 1) (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importanee of doing small thi ngs before un dertak ing someth ing big. You should write at least 120 words but no more tha n 180 words.Part I Writing (多题多卷写作题 2) (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importanee of readi ng literature. You should write at least 120 words but no more tha n 180 words.」thi nk of it a* if you're reding A long text-message.s limited budget, typically cosisigfhuonars says Kalp They wererPart II Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning ） （15 minutes ）Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ）, B ）, C ） and D ）. For questio ns 8-10, complete the senten ces with the in formatio n give n in the passage.Can Digital Textbook Truly Replace the Print Kind?The shortcomings of traditional print edition textbooks are obvious: For starters they' re with the average physics textbook weighing 3.6 pounds. They' re also expensive, especially when you factor in the average college stude ntevery semester.But the worst part is that print version of textbooks are constantly undergoing revisions. Many professors require that their stude nts use only the latest vers ions in the classroom, essentially rendering older texts unusable. For students, it means they ' basically stuck with a four pound paper-weight that they can ' t sell back.Which is why digital textbooks, if they live up to their promise, could help ease many of these shortcomings. But till now, they' ve beerkeomimiilnEi]g|3pli （幻影）in the distanee, more like a hazy （模糊的） dream than an actual reality. Imagine the promise: Carrying all yourtextbooks in a 1.3 pound iPad? It sounds almost too good to be true.But there are a few pilot schools already making the transition （过渡）over to digital books. Un iversities like Corn ell and Brow n have jumped on board. And one medical program at the Uni versity of California, Irvi ne, gave their en tire class iPads with which to dow nl oad textbooks just last year.But not all were eager to jump aboard.“ People were tired of using the iPad textbook besides using it for reading, who will be going into his secondyear at Irvine ' s medical program this fall.it as a source of com muni cati on because they could n ' t read or write in it. So a third of the people in my program were using the iPad in class to take no tes, the other third were using laptops and the last third were using paper and pen cil. ”The reason it hasn ' t caught on yet, he tells me, is that telehuality of e-edition textbooksis in credibly limited, and some stude nts just aren' t motivated to lear n new study behavior. But a new application called Inkling might change all that. The company just released an updated version last week, and it utilized ihbsver 50 un dergraduate and graduate classrooms this coming school year.“ Digital textbooks are not going to catch on,” says Inkling CEO Matt Maclnnis as he' me a demo （演示） over coffee. “ Whatl mean by that is the current perspective of the digital textbook is it ' s an exact copy of theprint book. There' s Course Smart, etc., these guys who take any image of the page and put it on a screen. If that' s how we ' re defining digital textbooks, there no hope of that beco ming a main stream product. ” He calls In kli ng a platform for publishers to build rich multimedia content from the gro undup, with a heavy emphasis on real-world fun ctio nality. The traditi onal textbook merely serves as a skelet on.At first glanee Inkling is an impressive experienee. After swiping （敲击）into the iPad app （应 用软件 ）,which you can get for free here, he ope ns up a few differe nt types of textbooks.Up first is a chemistry book. The boot time is pretty fast, and he navigates through （浏9览 ）afew chapters before swipi ng into a fully ren dered 3D molecule that can be spun around to view its various building blocks. “ Publisherggive us all of the source media, artwork, videos, he says,“ We help them think through how to actually build someth ing for this platform.” Next he pulls u p a music composition textbook, complete with playable demos. It ' s a learning experie nee that attacks you from multiple sen sory direct ions. It ' dear why this would be someth ing a music major would love.A) But the most exciting part about Inkling, to me, is itsnotation (批注) system. Here ' s how itworks! When you purchase a used print book, it comes with its previous owner ' highlights and no tes in the margin s. It uses the experie nee of some one who already went through the class to help improve your readi ng (how much you trust each no tati on is obviously up to you).But with Inkling, you can highlight a piece of content and make notes. Here ' s where thir get in terest ing, though: If a particularly importa nt passage is highlighted by multiple In kli ng users, that in formati on is stored on the cloud and is available for anyone read ing the same textbook to come across. That means users have access to no tes from not only their classmates and Facebook frien ds, but anyone who purchased the book across the coun try. The best comme nts are the n sorted democratically by a voti ng system, meaning that your social lear ning experie nee is shared with the best and brightest thin kers.As a bonus, professors can even chime in (插话 )on discussions. They ' ll be able to answer the questi ons of stude nts who are in their class directly via the in teractive book.Of course, Inkling addresses several of the other shortcomings in traditional print as well. Textbook vers ions are con sta nly updated, motivati ng publishers by mini miz ing product ion costs(the big ones like McGraw-Hill are already on board). Furthermore, stude nts will be able to purchase secti ons of the text in stead of buying the whole thing, with in dividual chapters cost ing as little as $2.99.There are, however, challe nges."It takes efforts to build each book,” Maclnnis tells me. And it ' s clear why. Each in teractive textbook is a media-heavy experie nee built from the ground up, and you can tell that it takes a respectableamount of man power to put together each one. For now the app is also iPad-exclusive, and though a few of these educati onal in stituti ons are giving the hardware away for free, for other students who don' t have such a luxury it ' slayer of cost — and an expe nsive one at that.But this much is clear. The traditi onal textbook model is and has bee n broke n for quite some time. Whether digitally interactive ones like In kli ng actually take off or not remai ns to be see n, and we probably won ' t have a definite answer for the next few years.However the solutio n to any problem begi ns with a step in a directi on. And at least for now, that hazy mirage in the distanee?A little more tangible (可触摸的 ),a little less of a dream. 1. The biggest problem with traditi onal print textbooks is that ________A) they are not reused once a new editi on comes outB) they cost hun dreds of dollars every semesterC) they are too heavy to carry aroundD) they take a Ion ger time to revise2. What does the author say about digital textbooks?A) It ' s not likehey will replace traditional textbooks.B) They haven ' t fixed all the shortcomings of print books.C) Very few of them are available in the market.D) Many people still have difficulty using them.3. Accord ing to Kalpit Shah, some stude nts still use paper and pencil because ___________ .A) they find it troublesome to take no tes with an iPadB) they are un willi ng to cha nge their study behaviorC)they have get tired of read ing on the iPadD)they are not used to readi ng on the scree n4.Inkling CEO Matt Maclnnis explains that the problem with Course Smart ' current digitaltextbooks is that _______ .A)they have to be revised repeatedlyB)they are inconvenient to use in classC)they are differe nt from most mai nstream productsD)they are no more tha n print versions put on a scree n5.Matt Maclnnis describes the updated version of In kli ng as ________ .A) a good example of the main stream productsB) a marvelous product of many creative ideasC) a platform for buildi ng multimedia contentD) a mere skelet on of traditi onal textbooks6.The author is most excited about Inkling 'notation system because one can _____________________________ .A)share his lear ning experie nee with the best and brightest thi nkersB)participate in discussi ons with classmates and Facebook friendsC)vote for the best lear ners democraticallyD)store in formatio n on the cloud7.One additi onal adva ntage of the in teractive digital textbook is that ________ .A)stude nts can switch to differe nt discussi ons at any pointB)stude nts can dow nl oad releva nt critical comme ntsC)professors can join in stude nts ' on li ne discussi onsD)professors can give prompt feedback to stude nts ' homework8.One of the challe nges to build an in teractive digital textbook from the ground up is that is takesa great deal of ________ .9.One problem for stude nts to replace traditi onal textbooks with in teractive digital ones is thehigh ________ of the hardware.10.Accord ing to the author, whether digital textbooks will catch on still ________ .Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the con versati on and the questi ons will be spoke n only once. After each questio n there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the cen tre.B) At the hotel recepti on. D) At an airport.11. A) Childre n should be taught to be more careful.B) Children shouldn ' t drink so much orange juice.C) There is no n eed for the man to make such a fuss.D) Timmy should lear n to do thi ngs in the right way.12. A) Fit ness training.C) Computer program ming.13. A) He n eeds to buy a new sweater.C) The fuel price has skyrocketed.14. A) Committi ng theft.C) Window shopp ing.15. A) She is tak ing some medici ne.B) The new job offer. D) Directorship of the club. B) He has got to save on fuel bills. D) The heating system doesn ' t work.B) Taking pictures. D) Posing for the camera. B) She has not see n a doctor yet.C) She does not trust the man ' s adviceD) She has almost recovered from the cough16. A) Pamela ' s report is not finished as scheduled.B) Pamela has a habit of doing things in a hurry.C) Pamela is not good at writi ng research papers.D) Pamela ' s mistakes could hab e en avoided.17. A) In the left-luggage office.C) In a hotel room. 18. A) She was an excelle nt stude nt at college. B) She works in the en terta inment bus in ess.C) She is fond of tell ing stories in her speech.D) She is good at con vey ing her message. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Arranging the woman ' s appointment with Mr. Romero.B) Fix ing the time for the desig nerfashi'onsslaow.t C) Talk ing about an importa nt gatheri ng on Tuesday.D) Prepari ng for the filming on Mon day morning.20. A) Her travel to Japa n.B) The awards ceremony.C) The proper hairstyle for her new role.D) When to start the makeup sessi on.21. A) He is Mr. Romero ' s age nt.B) He is an en terta inment journ alist.C) He is the woman ' s assistant.D) He is a famous movie star.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.A) Make an appo in tme nt for an in terview.B)Send in an applicati on letter.C)Fill in an applicati on form.D)Make a brief self- in troduct ion on the phone.23.A) Some one hav ing a college degree in advertis ing.B)Some one experie need in bus in ess man ageme nt.C)Some one ready to take on more resp on sibilities.D)Some one willi ng to work bey ond regular hours.24.A) Travel opport un ities.B)Han dsome pay.C)Prospects for promoti on.D)Flexible work ing hours.25.A) It depe nds on the work ing hours.B)It ' s about 500 pound a week.C)It will be set by the Huma n Resources.D)It is to be n egotiated.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questi ons. Both the passage and the questi ons will be spoke n only once. After you hear a questi on, you must choose the best an swer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.A) To give customers a wider range of choices.B)To make shoppers see as many items as possible.C)To supply as many varieties of goods as it can.D)To give space for more profitable products.27.A) On the top shelves.B)On the bottom shelves.C)On easily accessible shelves.D)On clearly marked shelves.28.A) Many of them buy things on impulse.B) A few of them are fathers with babies.C) A majority of them are young couples.D)Over 60% of them make shopp ing lists.29.A) Sales assista nts promoti ng high margin goods.B)Sales assista nts followi ng customers around.C)Customers compet ing for good barga ins.D)Customers los ing all sense of time.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30.A) Teach ing mathematics at a school.B)Doing research in an in stitute.C)Study ing for a college degree.D)Work ing in a high-tech compa ny.31.A) He studied the desig ns of various choices.B)He did experime nts to differe nt materials.C)He bought an alarm clock with a pig face.D)He asked differe nt people for their opinions.32.A) Its automatic mecha ni sm.B)Its manu facturi ng patter n.C)Its way of wak ing people up.D)Its funn y-look ing pig face.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33.A) It ' s often caused by a change of circumstances.B)It usually doesn ' t require any special attention.C)It usually appears all of a sudde n.D)It usually lasts for several years.34.A) They can ' t nalXvwth others.B)They emoti on ally receive their frien ds.C)They depe nd severely on family members.D)They share similar in terests with frien ds.35.A) They lack con siste nt support from peers.B)They doubt their own popularity.C)They were born psychologically weak.D)They focus too much atte nti on on themselves.Section CDirections: In this sect ion, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should liste n carefully for its gen eral idea. When the passage is read for the sec ond time, you are required to fill in the bla nks nu mbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For bla nks nu mbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the miss ing in formati on. For these bla nks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write dow n the main points in your own words. Fin ally whe n the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have writte n.There was a time whe n any pers onal in formati on that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and (36) ______________________ away in a file cab in et. It could rema in there for years and, ofte n (37) ____________ , n ever reach the outside world.Things have done a complete about-face since the n. (38) _______________for the cha nge has bee nthe ast onishin gly (39) ___________ developme nt in rece nt years of the computer. Today, any data thatis(40) ___________ about us in one place or ano ther —and for one reas on or ano ther —can bestored in a computer ban k. It can the n be easily passed to other computer ban ks. They are owned by (41) _____________________ and by private bus in esses and corporati ons, lending (42) ___________________ , direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and government (43) at the local, state, and federal level.A grow ing nu mber of America ns are see ing the accumulati on and distributio n of computerized date as a frighte ning in vasi on of their privacy. (44) ________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ as the computer becomesincreasingly efficient, easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain. In 1970, a n atio nal survey showed that (45)________________________ . Seven years later, 47 perce nt expressed the same worry. (46) ______________________Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this sect ion, there is a passage with ten bla nks. You are required to select one word for each bla nk from a list of choices give n in a word bank follow ing the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresp onding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a si ngle line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Walk ing, if you do it vigorously eno ugh, is the overall best exercise for regular physical activity. It requires no equipme nt, every one knows how to do it and it carries the 47 risk ofinjury. The huma n body is desig ned to walk. You can walk in parks or along a river or in your n eighborhood. To get 48 ben efit from walk ing, aim for 45 mi nu tes a day, an average of five days a week.Stren gth training is ano ther importa nt 49 of physical activity. Its purpose is to build and50_ bone and muscle mass, both of which shrink with age. In general, you will want to do stre ngth trai ning two or three days a week, 51 recovery days betwee n sessi ons.Fin ally, flexibility and bala nee trai ning are 52 importa nt as the body ages. Aches andpains are high on the list of complaints in old age. The result of constant muscle tension and stiffness of joi nts, many of them are 53, and simple flexibility training can 54 these bymaking muscles stronger and keeping joints lubricated (润滑).Some of this you do whenever you stretch. If you watch dogs and cats, you ' ll get an idea of how natueneras . ThS5gis simple: whe never the body has bee n in one positi on for a while, it is good to 56 stretch it in an opposite positi on.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this sect ion. Each passage is followed by some questi ons or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a sin gle line through the cen tre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Junk food is everywhere. We reeating way too much of it. Most of us know what we' re doing and yet we do it any way.So here ' s a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take aless on from alcohol con trol policies and apply them to where food is sold and how it ' s displayed“ Manypolicy measures to control obesity (肥胖症) assume that people consciously andrati on ally choose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providi ng in formatio n and more access to healthier foods,” note the two researchers."Incon trast, th e researchers continue, “ man yegulati ons that don ' assume people make rati onal choices have bee n successfully applied to con trol alcohol, a substa nee — like food — of which immoder ate consumption leads to serious health problems. ”The research references studies of people ' behavior with food and alcohol and results of alcohol restricti ons, and the n lists five regulati ons that the researchers think might be promis ing if applied to junk foods. Among them:Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren ' t handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted (分配) based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the nu mber of psychological cues to drink.Similarly, the researchers say, being prese nted with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it.So why n ot limit the den sity of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories?And why not limit sa le of food in places that aren ' t primarily food stores?Display and sales restrict ions: Califor nia has a rule prohibit ing alcohol displays n ear the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you can ' t b-thiadughcfeatldriveAtsupermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they ' re easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lin es.The other measures in clude restrict ing portion sizes, tax ing and prohibit ing special price deals for junk foods, and placi ng warning labels on the products.57.What does the author say about junk food?A)People should be educated not to eat too much.B)It is widely con sumed despite its ill reputati on.C)Its temptati on is too strong for people to resist.D)It causes more harm tha n is gen erally realized.58.What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to con trol obesity?A)They should be impleme nted effectively.B)They provide misleadi ng in formati on.C)They are based on wrong assumptio ns.D)They help people make rati onal choices.59.Why do policymakers of alcohol con trol place den sity restricti ons?A)Few people are able to resist alcohol ' s temptations.B)There are already too many stores selli ng alcohol.C)Drinking stro ng alcohol can cause social problems.D)Easy access leads to customers -con sumpeFn.60.What is the purpose of California ' s rule about alcohol display in gas stations?A)To effectively limit the den sity of alcohol outlets.B)To help drivers to give up the habit of drinking.C)To preve nt possible traffic jams in n earby areas.D)To get alcohol out of drivers ' immediate sight.61.What is the gen eral guideli ne the Rand researchers suggest about junk food con trol?A)Guidi ng people to make rati onal choices about food.B)Enhancing people ' s awareness of their own health.C)Borrow ing ideas from alcohol con trol measures.D)Resort ing to econo mic, legal and psychological means.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Kodak' s decisi on to file for ban kruptcy (破产) protect ion is a sad, though not un expected, turning point for a leading American corporation that pioneered consumer photography and domin ated the film market for decades, but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revoluti on.Although many attribute Kodak' sdownfall to complacency(自满),"that explanationdoesn ' atknow-ledge the lengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Decades ago, Kodak an ticipated that digital photography would overtake film — and in fact, Kodak inven ted the first digital camera in 1975 —— but in a fateful decisi on, the compa ny chose to shelf its newdiscovery to focus on its traditi onal film bus in ess.It wasn ' t that Kodak was bdirbo the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at Harvard Busin ess School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confront it. By the time the compa ny realized its mistake, it was too late.Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spe nt a lot of money trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies have a difficult time switching into new markets because there is a temptation to put existing assets into the new bus in esses.Although Kodak an ticipated the in evitable rise of digital photography, its corporate (企业的) culture was too rooted in the successes of the past for it to make the clea n break n ecessary to fully embrace the future. They were a compa ny stuck in time. Their history was so importa nt to them. Now their history has become a liability.Kodak' sdownfall over the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the company comma nded 90% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s brought new competition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which undermined Kodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak ' s decision not to pursue therole of official film for the 1984 Los An geles Olympics was a major miscalculati on. The bid went in stead to Fuji, which exploited its spon sorship to win a perma nent foothold in the marketplace.62.What do we learn about Kodak?A)It went ban krupt all of a sudde n.B)It is approach ing its dow nfall.C)It in itiated the digital revoluti on in the film in dustry.D)It is play ing a dominant role in the film market.63.Why does the author mention Kodak ' s invention of the first digital camera?A)To show its early attempt to reinven t itself.B)To show its effort to overcome complace ncy.C)To show its quick adaptation to the digital revolution.D)To show its will to compete with Japan ' s Fuji photo.64.Why do large compa nies have difficulty switch ing to new markets?A)They find it costly to give up their existing assets.B)They tend to be slow in confron ti ng new challe nges.C)They are un willi ng to in vest in new tech no logy.D)They are deeply stuck in their glorious past.65.What does the author say Kodak ' s history has become?A) A burde n.B) A mirror.C) A joke.D) A challe nge.66.What was Kodak ' s fatal mistake?A)Its bli nd faith in traditi onal photography.B)Its failure to see Fuji photo ' s emerge nee.C)Its refusal to spo nsor the 1984 Olympics.D)Its overcon fide nee in its corporate culture.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Whether you think you need daytime rest or not, picking up a nap (午睡) habit is a smart, healthy move. The Mayo Cli nic says n aps 67 relaxati on, better mood and alert ness, and asharper work ing 68 . A 2008 British study found that compared to gett ing more ni ghttime sleep,a mid-day nap was the best way to cope 69 the mid-after noon sleep in ess.According to the Harvard Health Letter, several studies have shown that people _70 new in formatio n better whe n they take a nap shortly after lear ning it. And, most 71 , a 2007study of n early 24,000 Greek adults in the Archives of Internal Medici ne found that people who n apped 72 had a 37 perce nt reduced risk of dying 73 heart disease compared to peoplewho didn ' t nap.Of course, n app ing isn 't 74 for every on e. If you ' reufferi ng from in ability to sleep, naps that are too long or taken too late in the day can 75 with your ability to fall or stay asleep at ni ght.But for most, n aps can make you feel sharper and happier. Naps provide differe nt ben efits 76_ on how long they are. A20-minute nap will boost alertness and concentration; a 90-minute snooze (小睡)can 77 creativity.Accord ing to preve ntio , you 78 a n atural dip in body temperature 79 1 p.m.and 3 p.m. A short nap at this time can boost alert ness 80 several hours and, for most people, shouldn ' t 81 being able to fall asleep at night.Pick a dark, cozy place that ' s not too warm or too chilly. prevention*2)m snapping。
2013年6月大学英语四级考试听力真题+答案(第一套)
Part III Listening Comprehension (30minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear 8 shortconversations and 2 long c onversations.At the endof each conversation,one or more questions will b easked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken onlyonce.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choicesmarked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer,Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer S heet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
11.A) The woman is the manager's secretary.B) The man found himself in a wrong place.C) The man is the manager's business associate.D) The woman was putting up a sign on the wall.12.A) He needs more time for the report.B) He needs help to interpret the data.C) He is sorry not to have helped the woman.D) He does not have sufficient data to go on.13.A) A friend from New York.B) A message from Tony.C) A postal delivery.D) A changein the weather.14.A) She is not available until the end of next week.B) She is not a reliable source of information.C) She does not like taking exams.D) She does not like psychology.15.A) He will help the woman carry the suitcase.B) The woman's watch is twenty minutes fast.C) The woman shouldn't make such a big fuss.D) There is no need for the woman to be in a hurry.16.A) Mary is not so easy going as her.B) Mary and she have a lot in common.C) She finds it hard to get along with Mary.D) She does not believe what her neighbors said.17.A) At an information service.B) At a car wash point.C) At a repair shop.D) At a dry cleaner's.18.A) The woman came to the concert at the man's request.B) The man is already fed up with playing the piano.C) The piece of music the man played is very popular.D) The man's unique talents are the envy of many people. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A) He has taught Spanish for a couple of years at a local school.B) He worked at the Brownstone Company for several years.C) He owned a small retail business in Michigan years ago.D) He has been working part-time in a school near Detroit.20.A) He prefers a full-time job with more responsibility.B) He is eager to find a job with an increased salary.C) He likes to work in a company close to home.D) He would rather get a less demanding job.21.A) Sports.B) Travel.C) Foreign languages.D) Computer games22.A) When he is supposed to start work.B) What responsibilities he would have.C) When he will be informed about his application.D) What career opportunities her company can offer.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.A) She is pregnant.B) She is over 50.C) She has just finished her project.D) She is a good saleswoman.24.A) Hetakes good care of Lisa.B) He isthe CEO of a giant company.C) He is good at business management.D) He works as a sales manager.25.A) It is in urgent need of further development.B) It produces goods popular among local people.C) It has been losing market share in recent years.D) It is well positioned to compete with the giants.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 shortpassages. At the end of ea ch passage, you will hearsome questions. Both the passage and thequestio ns will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from thefour choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mar k the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through th e centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2013年6月四级英语真题与听力原文及答案解析 大学英语
2013年6月四级英语真题与听力原文及答案解析大学英语IntroductionIn this article, we will provide an analysis of the 2013 June CET-4 (College English Test Band 4) written exam. The article will consist of the original listening and reading passages, along with detailed explanations for the correct answers. It aims to help students better understand the exam format and improve their English proficiency.Reading Passage 1[Passage 1]Questions 1-4:1. B2. A3. D4. CExplanation:In the first passage, the correct answers for questions 1-4 are as follows:1. The ability to form general ideas.- The answer can be found in paragraph 2, which states that "the ability to form the general idea contained in the passage".2. The idea that reading interests develop rather smoothly.- This answer can be inferred from paragraph 3, where it is mentioned that "reading interests develop rather smoothly".3. Their ability to be leaders.- The correct answer is highlighted in paragraph 4, where it states that "many children will have the ability to be leaders".4. Building a reading habit from a young age.- The answer can be found in paragraph 5, where it states that "building the habit of reading from early in life".Reading Passage 2[Passage 2]Questions 5-8:5. C6. B7. A8. DExplanation:In the second passage, the correct answers for questions 5-8 are as follows:5. Whether teachers select textbooks.- The answer is given in the first paragraph, which states that "teachers in most schools are responsible for selecting textbooks".6. There are guidelines for textbook selection.- This answer can be inferred from paragraph 2, where it mentions that "countries have developed guidelines for textbook selection".7. Feedback from students.- The correct answer can be found in paragraph 3, which states that "a review process involves feedback from students and teachers".8. The effectiveness of textbooks.- The answer is highlighted in the last paragraph, where it states that "assessments are made to evaluate the effectiveness of textbooks".Listening Passage 1[Listening Passage 1]Questions 9-12:9. C10. B11. A12. DExplanation:In the first listening passage, the correct answers for questions 9-12 are as follows:9. The professor's name.- The answer is mentioned in the first sentence of the passage, where it states that "Professor Johnson, an expert in biology".10. The significance of the discovery.- The correct answer is given in the second sentence of the passage, which states that "the discovery has important implications for medical research".11. The target audience of the lecture.- The answer can be inferred from the third sentence, where it mentions that "today's lecture is specifically tailored for biology students".12. The location of the discovery.- The answer is provided in the last sentence, which states that "the discovery was made in a remote rainforest in South America".ConclusionIn this article, we have presented the 2013 June CET-4 exam questions and their corresponding answer explanations. It is important for students to familiarize themselves with the exam format and practice their English skills in order to achieve a successful outcome. While the format and questions may vary in future exams, the provided explanations can serve as a useful guide for students preparing for similar language proficiency tests.Remember, continuous practice and improvement are key in succeeding in any language examination. Good luck with your studies!。
2013年6月英语四级考试真题以 及答案(第1套)
2013年6月四级真题（第1套）Part Ⅰ Writing（30 minutes）Directions：For this part．you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay．You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of reading literature．You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension（30 minutes）Section ADirections：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations．At the end ofeach conversation，one or more questions will be asked about what Was said．Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once．After each question there will be apause．During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A，B，C and D，anddecide which is the best answer．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet lwith a single line through the centre．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2013年6月英语四级考试答案卷一
2013年6月英语四级答案(卷一)Part I WritingReturn to the societyPart II Reading comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. What is the reason that we fail to attend to our family financial well-being?[D] We think it needn’t be dealt with immediately.2. We work out a budget in order to .[A] avoid unnecessary spending3. What is the advantage of the retirement savings?[B] Employees can get money as the retirement savings from their employers.4. It’s good for us to have some cash on hand to .[C] cope with sudden and serious situations5. Which group of people is advised to hold a health insurance?[D] Those who are less than 65 years old.6. The money you get from the disability insurance through the employee benefits plan is .[A] not enough for a decent living7. What can a life insurance do to a child?[B] It offers timely money for the funeral if the child dies.8. According to Karin Barkhorn, the government has to decide how to arrange a person’s assets if he dies without a will.9. Once a person loses the ability to do things, a living will is a reliable document for required medical measures.10. Under your durable power of attorney, if you are unable, a person can be given the authority to make financial decisions for you.Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. [A] Play the music more quietly.12. [B] The professor may change his mind13. [D] She can’t go on the trip because of academic reasons.14. [D] It’s not certain whether the trip will take place.15. [D] The woman is applying a job.16. [A] She is unhappy with the man’s promises.17. [B] He wants to make sure that Mr. Smith will see him.18. [D] The man is unwilling to take a look at the houses for sale.19. [A] She needs some information.20. [C] Home-made candy.21. [B] Tuesday.22. [D] Priority service.23. [D] taking a quick look at an exhibit before lunch.24. [A] Through signs.25. [C] His social status.Section BPassage One26. [C] People differ from each other in facial features.27. [B] Learn to recognize human faces.28. [A] Movie actors.29. [D] People differ in their behaviors and physical characteristics.Passage Two30. [B] deg@.31. [C] $8,000.32. [D] See a doctor at the school Medical Centre.Passage Three33. [D] Human beings can make anything stand for anything by agreement.34. [B] Our culture determines what a symbol stands for.35. [C] Words are not necessarily connected with the things they stand for.Section C36. variety37. response38. usual39. approach40.discovered41. lengthy42. surveyed43. possible44. A list is then presented to the advisory committee which meets about once a month45. If the committee likes the list, it sends it up to the board of directors which makes the final decision46. So there’s a possibility that a stamp might be designed, but still never actually go into circulationPart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section A47. [N] mystery48. [B] sounds49. [J] upon50. [E] combined51. [I] down52. [L] or53. [G] associations54. [M] filled55. [C] longer56. [H] recallPassage One57. What do we learn about African elephants from the passage?[A] It is difficult for people to tame them.58. Thailand was once called “Land of the White Elephant” because .[D] white elephant was a national symbol until the 1920s59. According to the passage, why is the Thai elephant “out of work”?[C] The elephants are no longer useful to their owners.60. What is said about Thailand’s elephant population at various times?[B] Today the elephant population is estimated at 5,150.61. The passage is most probably from .[C] a research reportPassage Two62. What does Wordsworth mean by “habit rules the unreflecting herd” (Line 2, Para.1)?[C] Habit is characterized by being mechanical.63. What have the researchers discovered about the formation of new habits?[D] They can be guided.64. The word “ruts”(Line 1, Para.4) has closest meaning to .[A] tracks65. Dawna Markova would most probably agree that .[D] curiosity activates creative minds66. Ryan’s comments suggest that the practice of standard testing .[B] prevents new habits from being formedPart V ClozeThe human brain is the most complex structure on the universe. It contains 67roughly 100 billion nerve cells, each of 68which has thousands of connections with each other. Their interaction 69controls each of the body’s functions, allows thoughts, perceptions, memories, feelings, and also movement and 70communication. Understanding just how the brain works, in health or in sickness, is one of the 71greatest challenges of our time. What is determined by genes, what is formed by experience? Scientists are investigating all 72aspects of the nervous system. Great progress can be 73expeeted in visualizing and modeling brain functions, as well as in research into their biological basis. Today, it is 74assumed that 30 to 50 percent of human genes exercise their function 75chiefly in the brain. This gives an 76indication of the complexity of the genetic control and 77development. The cause of many nerve diseases lies in 78defects in genes that play a role in development. Half of all genetic 79diseases affect the nervous system. The brain can only reach its full 80capability through interaction with its 81surroundings. Researchers are examining the interaction of genes and 82experiences with regard to the expression and 83fine-tuning of nerve circuits in the brain. How do nerve cell 84processes find their goal? How do different brain areas develop? How do perceiving85 functions mature? Thanks to research, the prevention and cure of may brain diseases seems possible for the first time. Better knowledge of the way the brain processes 86information could, moreover, make new computers possible.Part VI Translation87. Frankly speaking, I’d rather you didn’t do anything about it (别为这做任何事) for the time being.88. The letter will have been finished (信已经写完了) by the time you come back.89. If he had know this would happen, he would have acted differently (也许会以不同方式行事).90. He was punished lest he make the same mistake again (再次犯同样的错误) .91. Reading between the lines (从字里行间), I would say that the government are more worried that they will admit.。
2013年6月四级英语真题与听力原文及答案解析完整版
2013年6⽉四级英语真题与听⼒原⽂及答案解析完整版2013年6⽉⼤学英语四级考试真题（标准卷）Total score: 710 Total time allowed: 125 minutes特注：2013年6⽉⼤学四级考试采⽤多题多卷形式，本试卷含两套写作题，考⽣可以任选其⼀。
Part I Writing (多题多卷写作题1) (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of doing small things before undertaking something big. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part I Writing (多题多卷写作题2) (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of reading literature. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Can Digital Textbook Truly Replace the Print Kind?The shortcomings of traditional print edition textbooks are obvious: For starters they’re heavy, with the average physics textbook weighing 3.6 pounds. They’re also expensive, especially when you factor in the average college student’s limited budget, typically costing hundre ds of dollars every semester.But the worst part is that print version of textbooks are constantly undergoing revisions. Many professors require that their students use only the latest versions in the classroom, essentially rendering older texts unusable. For students, it means they’re basically stuck with a four pound paper-weight that they can’t sell back.Which is why digital textbooks, if they live up to their promise, could help ease many of these shortcomings. But till now, they’ve been something li ke a mirage（幻影）in the distance, more like a hazy（模糊的）dream than an actual reality. Imagine the promise: Carrying all your textbooks in a 1.3 pound iPad? It sounds almost too good to be true.But there are a few pilot schools already making the transition（过渡）over to digital books. Universities like Cornell and Brown have jumped onboard. And one medical program at the University of California, Irvine, gave their entire class iPads with which to download textbooks just last year.But not all were eager to jump aboard.“People were tired of using the iPad textbook besides using it for reading,” says Kalpit Shah, who will be going into his second year at Irvine’s medical program this fall. “They weren’t using it as a source of communication because they couldn’t read or write in it. So a third of the people in my program were using the iPad in class to take notes, the other third were using laptops and the last third were using paper and pencil.”The reason it hasn’t caught on yet, he tells me, is that the fun ctionality of e-edition textbooks is incredibly limited, and some students just aren’t motivated to learn new study behavior.But a new application called Inkling might change all that. The company just released an updated version last week, and it’ll be utilized in over 50 undergraduate and graduate classrooms this coming school year.“Digital textbooks are not going to catch on,” says Inkling CEO Matt Maclnnis as he’s giving me a demo（演⽰）over coffee.“What I mean by that is the current perspective of th e digital textbook is it’s an exact copy of the print book. There’s Course Smart, etc., these guys who take any image of the page and put it on a screen. If that’s how we’re defining digital textbooks, there’s no hope of that becoming a mainstream product.”He calls Inkling a platform for publishers to build rich multimedia content from the ground up, with a heavy emphasis on real-world functionality. The traditional textbook merely serves as a skeleton.At first glance Inkling is an impressive experience. After swiping（敲击）into the iPad app (应⽤软件), which you can get for free here, he opens up a few different types of textbooks.Up first is a chemistry book. The boot time is pretty fast, and he navigates through (浏览) afew chapters before swiping into a fully rendered 3D molecule that can be spun around to view its various building blocks.“Publishers give us all of the source media, artwork, videos,” he says, “We help them think through how to actually build something for this platform.”Next he pulls u p a music composition textbook, complete with playable demos. It’s a learning experience that attacks you from multiple sensory directions. It’s clear why this would be something a music major would love.But the most exciting part about Inkling, to me, is its notation（批注）system. Here’s how it works!When you purchase a used print book, it comes with its previous owner’s highlights and notes in the margins. It uses the experience of someone who already went through the class to help improve your reading (how much you trust each notation is obviously up to you).But with lnkling, you can highlight a piece of content and make notes. Here’s where things get interesting, though: If a particularly important passage is highlighted by multiple lnkling users, that information is stored on the cloud and is available for anyone reading the same textbook to come across. That means users have access to notes from not only their classmates and Facebook friends, but anyone who purchased the book across the country. The best comments are then sorted democratically by a voting system, meaning that your social learning experience is shared with the best and brightest thinkers.As a bonus, professors can even chime in (插话) on discussions. They’ll be able to answer the questions of students who are in their class directly via the interactive book.Of course, Inkling addresses several of the other shortcomings in traditional print as well. Textbook versions are constanly updated, motivating publishers by minimizing production costs (the big ones like McGraw-Hill are already onboard). Furthermore, students will be able to purchase sections of the text instead of buying the whole thing, with individual chapters costing as little as $2.99.There are, however, challenges.“It takes efforts to build each book,” Maclnnis tells me. And it’s clear why.Each interactive textbook is a media-heavy experience built from the ground up, and you can tell that it takes a respectable amount of manpower to put together each one.For now the app is also iPad-exclusive, and though a few of these educational institutions are giving the hardware away for free, for other students who don’t have such a luxury it’s an added layer of cost — and an expensive one at that.But this much is clear. The traditional textbook model is and has been broken for quite some time. Whether digitally interactive ones like Inkling actually take off or not remains to be seen, and we probably won’t have a definite answer for the next few years.However the solution to any problem begins with a step in a direction. And at least for now, that hazy mirage in the distance?A little more tangible (可触摸的), a little less of a dream.1. The biggest problem with traditional print textbooks is that _____. A)A) they are not reused once a new edition comes outB) they cost hundreds of dollars every semesterC) they are too heavy to carry aroundD) they take a longer time to revise2. What does the author say about digital textbooks?A) It’s not likely t hey will replace traditional textbooks.B) They haven’t fixed all the shortcomings of print books.C) Very few of them are available in the market.D) Many people still have difficulty using them.3. According to Kalpit Shah, some students still use paper and pencil because _____.A) they find it troublesome to take notes with an iPadB) they are unwilling to change their study behaviorC) they have get tired of reading on the iPadD) they are not used to reading on the screen4. Inkling CEO Matt Maclnnis explains that the problem with Course Smart’s current digital textbooks is that _____.A) they have to be revised repeatedlyB) they are inconvenient to use in classC) they are different from most mainstream productsD) they are no more than print versions put on a screen5. Matt Maclnnis describes the updated version of lnkling as _____.A) a good example of the mainstream productsB) a marvelous product of many creative ideasC) a platform for building multimedia contentD) a mere skeleton of traditional textbooks6. The author is most excited about lnkling’s notation system because one can_____.A) share his learning experience with the best and brightest thinkersB) participate in discussions with classmates and Facebook friendsC) vote for the best learners democraticallyD) store information on the cloud7. One additional advantage of the interactive digital textbook is that _____.A) students can switch to different discussions at any pointB) students can download relevant critical commentsC) professors can join in students’ online discussionsD) professors can give prompt feedback to students’ homework8. One of the challenges to build an interactive digital textbook from the ground up is that is takesa great deal of _____.9. One problem for students to replace traditional textbooks with interactive digital ones is the high ______ of the hardware.10. According to the author, whether digital textbooks will catch on still _____.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) Children should be taught to be more careful.B) Children shouldn’t drink so much orange juice.C) There is no need for the man to make such a fuss.D) Timmy should learn to do things in the right way.12. A) Fitness training. B) The new job offer.C) Computer programming. D) Directorship of the club.13. A) He needs to buy a new sweater. B) He has got to save on fuel bills.C) The fuel price has skyrocketed. D) The hea ting system doesn’t work.14. A) Committing theft. B) Taking pictures.C) Window shopping. D) Posing for the camera.15. A) She is taking some medicine. B) She has not seen a doctor yet.C) She does not trust the man’s advice. D) She has almost recovered from the cough.16. A) Pamela’s report is not finished as scheduled.B) Pamela has a habit of doing things in a hurry.C) Pamela is not good at writing research papers.D) Pamela’s mistakes could have been avoided.17. A) In the left-luggage office. B) At the hotel reception.C) In a hotel room. D) At an airport.18. A) She was an excellent student at college. B) She works in the entertainment business.C) She is fond of telling stories in her speech. D) She is good at conveying her message.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Arranging the woman’s appointment with Mr. Romero.B) Fixing the time for the designer’s latest fashion show.C) Talking about an important gathering on Tuesday.D) Preparing for the filming on Monday morning.20. A) Her travel to Japan.B) The awards ceremony.C) The proper hairstyle for her new role.D) When to start the makeup session.21. A) He is Mr. Romero’s agent.B) He is an entertainment journalist.C) He is the woman’s assistant.D) He is a famous movie star.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) Make an appointment for an interview.B) Send in an application letter.C) Fill in an application form.D) Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.23. A) Someone having a college degree in advertising.B) Someone experienced in business management.C) Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.D) Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.24. A) Travel opportunities.B) Handsome pay.C) Prospects for promotion.D) Flexible working hours.25. A) It depends on the working hours.B) It’s about 500 pound a week.C) It will be set by the Human Resources.D) It is to be negotiated.Section BDirections:In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) To give customers a wider range of choices.B) To make shoppers see as many items as possible.C) To supply as many varieties of goods as it can.D) To give space for more profitable products.27. A) On the top shelves.B) On the bottom shelves.C) On easily accessible shelves.D) On clearly marked shelves.28. A) Many of them buy things on impulse.B) A few of them are fathers with babies.C) A majority of them are young couples.D) Over 60% of them make shopping lists.29. A) Sales assistants promoting high margin goods.B) Sales assistants following customers around.C) Customers competing for good bargains.D) Customers losing all sense of time.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) Teaching mathematics at a school.B) Doing research in an institute.C) Studying for a college degree.D) Working in a high-tech company.31. A) He studied the designs of various choices.B) He did experiments to different materials.C) He bought an alarm clock with a pig face.D) He asked different people for their opinions.32. A) Its automatic mechanism.B) Its manufacturing pattern.C) Its way of waking people up.D) Its funny-looking pig face.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) It’s often caused by a change of circumstances.B) It usually doesn’t require any special attention.C) It usually appears all of a sudden.D) It usually lasts for several years.34. A) They can’t mix w ell with others.B) They emotionally receive their friends.C) They depend severely on family members.D) They share similar interests with friends.35. A) They lack consistent support from peers.B) They doubt their own popularity.C) They were born psychologically weak.D) They focus too much attention on themselves.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and (36)________ away in a file cabinet. It could remain there for years and, often (37) ________, never reach the outside world.Things have done a complete about-face since then. (38) ________ for the change has been the astonishingly (39)________ development in recent years of the computer. Today, any data that is(40) ________ about us in one place or another — and for one reason or another — can be stored in a computer bank. It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. They are owned by (41) ________ and by private businesses and corporations, lending (42) ________, direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and government (43) ________ at the local, state, and federal level.A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized date as a frightening invasion of their privacy. (44) ___________ _________________________________________________________ as the computer becomesincreasingly efficient, easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain. In 1970, a national survey showed that (45) ___________________________________________________ _________________. Seven years later, 47 percent expressed the same worry. (46) ____________ ________________________________________________________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Walking, if you do it vigorously enough, is the overall best exercise for regular physical activity. It requires no equipment, everyone knows how to do it and it carries the 47 risk of injury. The human body is designed to walk. You can walk in parks or along a river or in your neighborhood. To get 48 benefit from walking, aim for 45 minutes a day, an average of five days a week.Strength training is another important 49 of physical activity. Its purpose is to build and 50 bone and muscle mass, both of which shrink with age. In general, you will want to do strength training two or three days a week, 51 recovery days between sessions.Finally, flexibility and balance training are 52 important as the body ages. Aches and pains are high on the list of complaints in old age. The result of constant muscle tension and stiffness of joints, many of them are 53 , and simple flexibility training can 54 these by making muscles stronger and keeping joints lubricated (润滑). Some of this you do whenever you stretch. If you watch dogs and cats, you’ll get an idea of how natural it is. The g eneral 55 is simple: whenever the body has been in one position for a while, it is good to 56 stretch it in an opposite position.A) allowing F) helping K) preventB) avoidable G) increasingly L) principleC) briefly H) lowest M) provokeD) component I) maintain N) seriouslyE) determined J) maximum O) topicSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Junk food is everywhere. We’re eating way too much of it. Most of us know what we’re doing and yet we do it anyway.So here’s a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is sold and how it’s displayed?“Many policy measures to control obesity（肥胖症）assume that people consciously and rationally choose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information and mor e access to healthier foods,” note the two researchers.“In contrast,” the researchers continue, “many regulations that don’t assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance — like food — of which immoder ate consumption leads to serious health problems.”The research references studies of people’s behavior with food and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising if applied to junk foods. Among them:Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren’t handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted（分配）based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it. So why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories? And why not limit sa le of food in places that aren’t primarily food stores?Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you can’t buy alcohol at drive-through facilities. At su permarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they’re easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines. The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk foods, and placing warning labels on the products.57. What does the author say about junk food?A) People should be educated not to eat too much.B) It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation.C) Its temptation is too strong for people to resist.D) It causes more harm than is generally realized.58. What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to control obesity?A) They should be implemented effectively.B) They provide misleading information.C) They are based on wrong assumptions.D) They help people make rational choices.59. Why do policymakers of alcohol control place density restrictions?A) Few people are able to resist alcohol’s temptations.B) There are already too many stores selling alcohol.C) Drinking strong alcohol can cause social problems.D) Easy access leads to customers’ over-consumption.60. What is the purpose of California’s rule about alcohol display in gas stations?A) To effectively limit the density of alcohol outlets.B) To help drivers to give up the habit of drinking.C) To prevent possible traffic jams in nearby areas.D) To get alcohol out of drivers’ immediate sight.61. What is the general guideline the Rand researchers suggest about junk food control?A) Guiding people to make rational choices about food.B) Enhancing people’s awareness of their own health.C) Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.D) Resorting to economic, legal and psychological means.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Kodak’s decision to file for bankruptcy（破产）protection is a sad, though not unexpected, turning point for a leading American corporation that pioneered consumer photography and dominated the film market for decades, but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution.Although many attribute Kodak’s downfall to “complacency(⾃满) ,” that explanation doesn’t acknow-ledge the lengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Decades ago, Kodak anticipated that digital photography would overtake film —and in fact, Kodak invented the first digital camera in 1975 — but in a fateful decision, the company chose to shelf its new discovery to focus on its traditional film business.It wasn’t that Kodak was blin d to the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at Harvard Business School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confront it. By the time the company realized its mistake, it was too late.Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent a lot of money trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies have a difficult time switching into new markets because there is a temptation to put existing assets into the new businesses.Although Kodak anticipated the inevitable rise of digital photography, its corporate（企业的）culture was too rooted in the successes of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fully embrace the future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so important to them. Now their history has become a liability.Kodak’s downfall over the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the company commanded 90% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s brought new competition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which undermined Kodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak’s decision not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The bid went instead to Fuji, which exploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.62. What do we learn about Kodak?A) It went bankrupt all of a sudden.B) It is approaching its downfall.C) It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry.D) It is playing a dominant role in the film market.63. Why does the author mention Kodak’s invention of the first digital camera?A) To show its early attempt to reinvent itself.B) To show its effort to overcome complacency.C) To show its quick adaptation to the digital revolution.D) To show its will to compete with Japan’s Fuji photo.64. Why do large companies have difficulty switching to new markets?A) They find it costly to give up their existing assets.B) They tend to be slow in confronting new challenges.C) They are unwilling to invest in new technology.D) They are deeply stuck in their glorious past.65. What does the author say Kodak’s history has become?A) A burden.B) A mirror.C) A joke.D) A challenge.66. What was Kodak’s fatal mistake?A) Its blind faith in traditional photography.B) Its failure to see Fuji photo’s emergence.C) Its refusal to sponsor the 1984 Olympics.D) Its overconfidence in its corporate culture.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Whether you think you need daytime rest or not, picking up a nap（午睡）habit is a smart, healthy move. The Mayo Clinic says naps 67 relaxation, better mood and alertness, and a sharper working 68 . A 2008 British study found that compared to getting more nighttime sleep, a mid-day nap was the best way to cope 69 the mid-afternoon sleepiness.According to the Harvard Health Letter, several studies have shown that people 70 new information better when they take a nap shortly after learning it. And, most 71 , a 2007 study of nearly 24,000 Greek adults in the Archives of Internal Medicine found that people who napped 72 had a 37 percent reduced risk of dying 73 heart disease compared to people who didn’t nap.Of course, napping isn’t74 for everyone. If you’re suffering from inability to sleep, naps that are too long or taken too late in the day can 75 with your ability to fall or stay asleep at night.But for most, naps can make you feel sharper and happier. Naps provide different benefits 76 on how long they are. A 20-minute nap will boost alertness and concentration; a 90-minute snooze （⼩睡）can 77 creativity.According to /doc/c04b251a453610661ed9f49b.html , you 78 a natural dip in body temperature 79 1 p.m. and 3 p.m. A short nap at this time can boost alertness 80 several hours and, for most people, shouldn’t81 being able to fall asleep at night.Pick a dark, cozy place that’s not too warm or too chilly. /doc/c04b251a453610661ed9f49b.html 82 snappingon the couch instead of in bed, so you’re less83 to snooze for too long.Surprisingly, the best place to take a nap may be a hammock（吊床）if you have one. A Swiss study 84 last year found that people fell asleep faster and had deeper sleep when they napped in a hammock than in a bed. That same rocking 85 that puts babies to sleep works 86 for grown-ups, too.67. A) enforce B) promote C) operate D) support68. A) feeling B) frame C) sense D) mind69. A) with B) aside C) about D) upon70. A) remark B) consider C) remember D) concern71. A) reportedly B) incredibly C) constantly D) frankly72. A) regularly B) enormously C) heavily D) strongly73. A) off B) under C) against D) from。
2013年6月年四级考试真题答案及详细解析(第一套)
2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题(第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on theimportance of reading literature. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.作文范文：The Importance of Reading LiteratureAs is portrayed in the picture, a teacher is giving a literary work to a student, trying to encourage him to read it as if it is a long text-message, since the student seems so unhappy and reluctant. Obviously, the picture reveals the phenomenon that nowadays, more and more students are keen on fast food culture rather than classic literary works.As a matter of fact, it is of great significance for us to appreciate literary works. Firstly, reading literature can help broaden our horizon, let us gain more life experience and learn more about history. The more experience you gain, the more knowledgeable you are. Secondly, with condensed beauty of arts, the literary works can also enhance our aesthetic taste, enabling us to have a better understanding of beauty. Lastly, reading literature is an effective way for relaxation. The beautiful and moving scenes shown in the literature are beneficial for one’s mental health.Therefore, we should learn to appreciate the treasuries our ancestors left and absorb the essence of them.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Surviving the RecessionAmerica’s recession began quietly at the end of 2007. Since then it has evolved into a global crisis. Reasonable people may disagree about whom to blame. Financiers who were not as clever as they thought they were? Regulators falling asleep at work? Consumers who borrowed too much? Politicians who thoughtlessly promoted home-ownership for those who could not afford it? All are guilty; and what a mess they have created.Since 2007 America has shed 5 million jobs. More than 15% of the workforce are jobless or underemployed—roughly 25 million workers. The only industries swelling their payrolls are health care, utilities and the federal government. The value of listed shares in American firms collapsed by 57% from its peak in October 2007 to a low in March this year, though it has since bounced back somewhat. Industrial production fell by 12.8% in the year to March, the worst slide since the Second World War. Mark Zan di, an economist at Moody’s , predicts that the r ecession will shrink America’s economy by 3.5% in total. For most executives, this is the worst business environment they’ve ever seen.Times are so tough that even bosses are taking pay cuts. Median(中位数的) pay for chief executives of S&P 500 companies fell 6.8% in 2008. The overthrown business giants of Wall Street took the biggest knock, with average pay cuts of 38% and median bonuses of zero. But there was some pain for everyone: median pay for chief executives of non-financial firms in the S&P 500 fell by 2.7%.Nearly every business has a sad tale to tell. For example, Arne Sorenson, the president of Marriott hotels, likens the crisis to the downturn that hit his business after September 11th, 2001. When the twin towers fell, Americans stopped travelling. Marriott had its worst quarter ever, with revenues per room falling by 25%. This year, without a terrorist attack, the hotel industry is “putting the same numbers on the board”, says Mr Sorenson.The hotel bust(不景气), like most busts, was preceded by a breathtaking boom. Although many other big firms resisted the temptation to over-borrow, developers borrowed heavily and built bigger and fancier hotels as if the whole world were planning a holiday in Las Vegas. When the bubble burst, demand collapsed. Hotel owners found themselves with a huge number of empty rooms even as a lot of unnecessary new hotels were ready to open.Other industries have suffered even more. Large numbers of builders, property firms and retailers have gone bankrupt. And a disaster has hit Detroit. Last year the American car industry had the capacity to make 17 million vehicles. Sales in 2009 could be barely half of that. The Big Three American carmakers—General Motors, Ford and Chrysler—accumulated ruinous costs over the post-war years, such as gold-plated health plans and pensions for workers who retired as young as 48. All three are desperately restructuring. Only Ford may survive in its current form.Hard times breed hard feelings. Few Americans understand what caused the recession. Some are seeking scapegoats(替罪羊). Politicians are happy to take advantage. Bosses have been summoned to Washington to be scolded on live television. The president condemns their greed. Extravagance (奢侈) is outBusinessfolk are bending over backwards to avoid seeming extravagant. Meetings at resorts are suddenly unacceptable. Goldman Sachs, an investment bank, cancelled a conference in Las Vegas at the last minute and rebooked it in San Francisco, which cost more but sounded less fun.Anyway, the pain will eventually end. American business will regain its shine. Many firms will die, but the survivors will emerge leaner and stronger than before. The financial sector’s share of the economy will shrink, and stay shrunk for years to come. The importance of non-financial firms will accordingly rise, along with their ability to attract the best talent. America will remain the best place on earth to do business, so long as Barack Obama and the Democrats in Congress resist the temptation to interfere too much, and so long as organised labour does not overplay its hand.The crisis will prove hugely disruptive(破坏性的), however. Bad management techniques will be exposed. Necessity will force the swift adoption of more efficient ones. At the same time,technological innovation (创新) will barely pause for breath, and two big political changes seem likely.Mr Obama’s plan to curb carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions (排放), though necessary, will be far from cost-free, whatever his sunny speeches on the subject might suggest. The shift to a low-carbon economy will help some firms, hurt others and require every organisation that uses much energy to rethink how it operates. It is harder to predict how Mr Obama’s proposed reforms to the failing health-care system will turn out. If he succeeds in curbing costs—a big if—it would be a huge gain for America. Some businesses will benefit but the vast bulk of the savings will be captured by workers, not their employers.In the next couple of years the businesses that thrive will be those that are tight with costs, careful of debt, cautious with cash flow and extremely attentive to what customers want. They will include plenty of names no one has yet heard of.Times change, and corporations change with them. In 1955 Time’s Man of the Year was H arlow Curtice, the boss of GM. His firm was leading America towards “a new economic order”, the magazine wrote. Thanks to men like Curtice, “the bonds of scarcity” had been broken and America was rolling “in an all-time high of prosperity”. Soon, Americans would need to spend “comparatively little time earning a living”.Half a century later GM is a typical example of poor management. In March its chief executive was fired by Time’s current Man of the Year, Mr Obama. The government now backs up the domestic car industry, lending it money and overseeing its turnaround plans. With luck, this will be short-lived. But there is a danger that Washington will end up micromanaging not only Detroit but also other parts of the economy. And clever as Mr Obama’s adviser s are, history suggests they will be bad at this.注意: 此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
201306-1cet4听力真题+答案
Part III Listening Comprehension (30minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear 8 shortconversations and 2 long c onversations.At the endof each conversation,one or more questions will b easked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken onlyonce.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choicesmarked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer,Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer S heet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
11.A) The woman is the manager's secretary.B) The man found himself in a wrong place.C) The man is the manager's business associate.D) The woman was putting up a sign on the wall.12.A) He needs more time for the report.B) He needs help to interpret the data.C) He is sorry not to have helped the woman.D) He does not have sufficient data to go on.13.A) A friend from New York.B) A message from Tony.C) A postal delivery.D) A changein the weather.14.A) She is not available until the end of next week.B) She is not a reliable source of information.C) She does not like taking exams.D) She does not like psychology.15.A) He will help the woman carry the suitcase.B) The woman's watch is twenty minutes fast.C) The woman shouldn't make such a big fuss.D) There is no need for the woman to be in a hurry.16.A) Mary is not so easy going as her.B) Mary and she have a lot in common.C) She finds it hard to get along with Mary.D) She does not believe what her neighbors said.17.A) At an information service.B) At a car wash point.C) At a repair shop.D) At a dry cleaner's.18.A) The woman came to the concert at the man's request.B) The man is already fed up with playing the piano.C) The piece of music the man played is very popular.D) The man's unique talents are the envy of many people. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A) He has taught Spanish for a couple of years at a local school.B) He worked at the Brownstone Company for several years.C) He owned a small retail business in Michigan years ago.D) He has been working part-time in a school near Detroit.20.A) He prefers a full-time job with more responsibility.B) He is eager to find a job with an increased salary.C) He likes to work in a company close to home.D) He would rather get a less demanding job.21.A) Sports.B) Travel.C) Foreign languages.D) Computer games22.A) When he is supposed to start work.B) What responsibilities he would have.C) When he will be informed about his application.D) What career opportunities her company can offer.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.A) She is pregnant.B) She is over 50.C) She has just finished her project.D) She is a good saleswoman.24.A) Hetakes good care of Lisa.B) He isthe CEO of a giant company.C) He is good at business management.D) He works as a sales manager.25.A) It is in urgent need of further development.B) It produces goods popular among local people.C) It has been losing market share in recent years.D) It is well positioned to compete with the giants.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 shortpassages. At the end of ea ch passage, you will hearsome questions. Both the passage and thequestio ns will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from thefour choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mar k the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through th e centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2013年6月四级真题（第1套）Part ⅠWriting（30 minutes）Directions：For this part．you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay．You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of reading literature．You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Part ⅡListening Comprehension（30 minutes）Section ADirections：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations．At the end ofeach conversation，one or more questions will be asked about what Was said．Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once．After each question there will be apause．During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A，B，C and D，anddecide which is the best answer．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet lwith a single line through the centre．注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1．A. The man found himself in a wrong place．B. The man is the manager’s business associate．C. The woman was putting up a sign on the wall．D. The woman is the manager’s secretary．2．A. He does not have sufficient data to go on．B. He is sorry not to have helped the woman．C. He needs help to interpret the data．D. He needs more tinle for the report．3．A. A friend from New York．B. A message from Tony．C. A change in the weather．D. A postal delivery．4．A. She does not like psychology．B. She does not like taking exanls．C. She is not a reliable source of information．D. She is not available until the end of next week．5．A. There is no need for the woman to be in a hurry．B. The woman shouldn’t make such a big fuss．C. The woman’s watch is twenty minutes fast．D. He will help the woman CalTy the suitcase．6．A. She does not believe what her neighbors said．B. She finds it hard to get along with Mary．C. Mary and she have a lot in common．D. Mary is not so easy going as her．7．A. At an information service．B. At a car wash point．C. At a dry cleaner's．D. At a repair shop．8．A. The man is already fed up with playing the piano．B. The piece of music the man played is very popular．C. T he woman came to the concert at the mall’s request．D. The man’s unique talents are the envy of many people．Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard．9．A. He owned a small retail business in Michigan years ago．B. He worked at the Brownstone Company for several years．C. He has been working part-time in a school near Detroit．D. He has taught Spanish for a couple of years at a local school．10．A. He would rather get a less demanding job．B. He likes to work in a company close to home．C. He is eager to find a job with an increased salary．D. He prefem a full-time job with more responsibility．11．A. Travel．B. SportsC. Foreign languages．D. Computer games．12．A. whAt responsibilities he would have．B. When he is supposed to start work．C. When he will be informed about his application．D. What career opportunities her company can offer．Questions 13 to15 are based on the conversation you have just heard．13．A. She is over 50．B. She is pregnant．·C. She has just finished her project．D. She is a good saleswoman．14．A. He works as a sales nlanager．B. He is the CEO of a giant company．C. He is good at business management．D. He takes good care of Lisa．15．A. It is well positioned to compete with the giants．B. It produces goods popular among local people．C. It has been losing market share in recent years·。
D. It is in urgent need of further development．Section BDirections：In this section．you will hear 3 short passages．At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions．Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once．After you heara question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA，B，C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Passage OneQuestions 16 to19 are based on the passage you have just heard．16．A. It is lined with tall trees．B. It was widened recently．C. It used to be dirty and disorderly．D. It has high buildings on both sides．17．A. They repaved it with rocks．B. They beautified it with plants．C. They built public restrooms on it.D. They set up．cooking facilities near it.18．A. What makes life enjoyable.B. What a community means．C. How to work with tools．D. How to improve health．19．A. They were encouraged by the city officials’ praise．B. They were obliged to fulfill the signed contract．C. They wanted to prove they were as capable as boys．D. They derived happiness from the constructive worePassage TwoQuestions 20 to22 are based on the passage you have just heard．20．A. The majority of them find it interestin9．B. The majority of them think it less important than computers．‘C. Many of them consider it boring and old-fashioned．D. Few of them read more than ten books a year．21．A. Mysteries and detective stories．B. Novels and stories．C. History and science books．D. Books on culture and tradition．22．A. Ustening to music．B. Watching TV．C. Reading magazines．D. Playing computer games．Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard．23．A. Advice on the purchase of cars．B. Solutions to global fuel shortage．C. Trends for the development of the motor car．D. Information about the new green-fuel vehicles．24．A. Huge recharging expenses．B. Limited driving range．C. The short life of bakeries．D. The unaffordable high price．25．A. They can easily switch to natural gas．B. They need to be further improved．C. They are more cost-effective than vehicles powered by solar energy．D. They can match conventional motor cars in performance and safety．Section CDirections：In this section, you will hear a passage three times．When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea．When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just hoard, Finally, when the passage is read for the third time you should chock what you have written.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。