美国电影分级制度

美国电影分级制度
新浪观察
美国的MPAA，它的全称为“The Motion Picture Association of America”即“美国电影协会”，总部设在加利福利(Encino,California )。

这个组织成立于1922年，最初是作为电影工业的一个交易组织而出现的。

如今它涉足的领域不仅有在影院上映的电影，还有电视`家庭摄影(home video)以及未来有可能会出现的其他传送系统领域。

MPAA在洛杉玑和华盛顿为它的成员服务。

它的委员会的主要成员由也是MPAA的会员的
美国最大的七家电影和电视传媒巨头的主席和总裁共同担任。

他们是：
.迪斯尼公司(Walt Disney Company;)
.索尼声像(Sony Pictures Entertainment, Inc.;)
.Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Inc.;
.派拉蒙公司(Paramount Pictures Corporation;)
.21世纪福克斯公司(Twentieth Century Fox Film Corp.);
.环球影像(Universal Studios, Inc)
.华纳兄弟(Warner Bros. )
MPAA制定的影视作品的分级制度如下：
·G级：(GENERAL AUDIENCES All ages admitted.)大众级，所有年龄均可观看大众级，适合所有年龄段的人观看——该级别的电影内容可以被父母接受，影片没有裸体、性爱场面，吸毒和暴力场面非常少。

对话也是日常生活中可以经常接触到的；
·PG级：
( PARENTAL GUIDANCE SUGGESTED Some material may not be suitable for children.)普通级，建议在父母的陪伴下观看，有些镜头可能让而用产生不适感.辅导级，一些内容可能不适合儿童观看——该级别的电影基本没有性爱、吸毒和裸体场面，即使有时间也很短，此外，恐怖和暴力场面不会超出适度的范围；
·PG-13级：
(PARENTS STRONGLY CAUTIONED Some material may be inappropriate for children under 1 3. )普通级，但不适于13岁以下儿童.特别辅导级，13岁以下儿童尤其要有父母陪同观看，一些内容对儿童很不适宜——该级别的电影没有粗野的持续暴力镜头，一般没有裸体镜头，有时回游吸毒镜头和脏话；
·R级：(RESTRICTED Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian.)限制级，17岁以下必须由父母或者监护陪伴才能观看.限制级，17岁以下观众要求有父母或承认陪同观看——该级别的影片包含成人内容，里面有较多的性爱、暴力、吸毒等场面和脏话；
·NC-17级：(NO ONE 17 AND UNDER ADMITTED )17岁或者以下不可观看17岁以下观众禁止观看——该级别的影片被定为成人影片，未成年人坚决被禁止观看。

影片中有清楚的性爱场面，大量的吸毒或暴力镜头以及脏话等。

另补充几种特殊的分级：
·NR OR U：NR是属于未经定级的电影，而U是针对1968年以前的电影定的级。

·M，X OR P：这一级中的电影基本上不适合在大院线里公映，都属于限制类的。

The rating system is a guide that helps you determine the movies content prior to viewing it. For a complete details on how it work, see Questions & Answers: Everything You Always Wanted To Know About The Movie Rating System.
What do the ratings symbols mean?
G:General Audience. All ages admitted. This signifies that the film rated contains nothing most parents will consider offensive for even their youngest children to see or hear. Nudity, sex scenes, and scenes of drug use are absent; violence is minimal; snippets of dialogue may go beyond polite conversation but do not go beyond common everyday expressions.
PG:Parental Guidance Suggested. Some material may not be suitable for children. This signifies that the film rated may contain some material parents might not like to expose to their young children - material that will clearly need to be examined or inquired about before children are allowed to attend the film. Explicit sex scenes and scenes of drug use are absent; nudity, if present, is seen only briefly, horror and violence do not exceed moderate levels.
PG-13:Parents Strongly Cautioned. Some material may be inappropriate for children under 13. This signifies that the film rated may be inappropriate for
pre-teens. Parents should be especially careful about letting their younger children attend. Rough or persistent violence is absent; sexually-oriented nudity is generally absent; some scenes of drug use may be seen; one use of the harsher sexually derived words may be heard.
R:Restricted-Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian (age varies in some locations). This signifies that the rating board has concluded that the film rated contains some adult material. Parents are urged to learn more about the film before taking their children to see it. An R may be assigned due to, among other things, a film's use of language, theme, violence, sex or its portrayal of drug use.
NC-17:No One 17 and Under Admitted. This signifies that the rating board believes that most American parents would feel that the film is patently adult and that children age 17 and under should not be admitted to it. The film may contain explicit sex scenes, an accumulation of sexually-oriented language, or scenes of excessive violence. The NC-17 designation does not, however, signify that the rated film is obscene or pornographic.。