现在完成时态(语法专题)——张丽琳
现在完成时1
I have seen this film.
用法③
现在完成时不能和明确指出过去时间的状语，如： yesterday，last week，in 1999，two days ago，just now，when I came in 等连用。 但可以和不明确指出时间的状语，如： already，yet，sometimes，always， often，just，before，never，ever， lately，once等连用； 也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语， 如：this morning，today，this week，this year 等连用。
C.其它改法
如：close --be closed die ----be dead get up --- be up begin、start ---- be on fall asleep ---be asleep
5.现在完成时与一般过去时的比较
1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙 述过去的事情，强调动作； 现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现 在的影响，强调影响。
He has been away for 2 months.
记住下列终止性动词改为延续性动词的表达法：
A. 动词改为“be + 相应的副词”
如：go , come, arrive, reach……
B. 动词改为 “be + 对应的词/动词”
如： become ---- be buy ----have borrow ---keep join the army ---- be in the army /be a soldier /be a member of the army join the Party --- be in the Party /be a Party member/be a member of the party catch a cold ---- have a cold make friends ---- be friends open --be open finish, end ----- be over leave ---be away go out --be out return ---- be back
初中高中8BU1语法现在完成时逐字稿全英文(老师)
8AU1Gramma: present perfect tense（Good afternoon, boys and girls.welcome to my class.I'm very happy to be here and learn English with you . Today we will learn the grammar part in unit one.）Step1.New words（新授单词）yet /jet/ adv.还，仍recently /ri:sntli/ adv.近来，最近past /pa:st/ adj.过去的already/ɔ:lˈredɪ/adv.已经（At the begining,let’s learn some new words.Read after me/follow me.Now can you please practice these words for yourself ?And next i will check your pronunciation.Now let’s start.5 miniutes for you.time is up.Now please look at the blackboard.Who wants to try?/Any volunteers?/(Don’t be nervous./Come on,you can do it./Just have a try.It doesn’t matter if you make any mistakes.Jessica please.Good/Very good/great/well done/,Sit please.I think you have already mastered this one.）Step2.Lead in(新课导入)I have lived here since I was born.We have lived in this area since then.Now the government has turned part of the town centre into a new park.It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.（Invite students to read sentences using present perfect tense before the class.You know, recently,our friend Millie had an interview with Mr Chen to know something about Sunshine Town. Mr Chen, n native of Sunshine Town, offered some information as follows.Now I’d like to Invite someone to read sentences using present perfect tense. Who can read them for us?OK Jessica please. ... Thank u Jessica!）Step3.present perfect tense（现在完成时）1.The structure of present perfect tense.have/has ＋past participle(pp)1.1regular verbWe form the past participles of rugular verbs by adding -ed,just as what we do to form the simple past tenseof these verbs.1.2Irregular verbWe form the past participles of irrugular verbs differently.Here are some examples.Tip：Turn to pages122 and 123 for more changes of irregular verbs.➢Practice1:Write the past participles of the following verbs(After reading these sentences, ask students to find the structure of these sentences with present perfect tense.have/has+doneOkay guys, can u find some similarities among these sentences?/Can you find the same stucture?Halen,you please.yeah,the verb is different.what’s the structure?They all have "have/has+done(past participle)"You are very good at observation! When we see "have/has ＋past participle(pp)" in one sentence, we call it present perfect tense.When can we use have?Some students may answer .when the subject is I/we/you/they,we can use have in thesentances.Of course you are right.You are so clever.And if the subject is a plural form.We use have too.When can we use has?when the subject is he\she\it.That’s right,very good.When the subject is uncountable noun and Third-person singular ,we use has.Next question.1.1 regular verbWhat is past participle?Let’s leaarn about it.When we need to form the past participles.We must divided verbs into two groups.The fist one,look at the screen:regular verbs .And the other one is irregular verbs. The first one,we add ed after the verb.For examples....The second one,verbs ending in e,we add d after the verb.For examples.....Next one,Verbs ending in a consonant + y,y into i than add ed.For examples.....The last one,Short verbs ending in a vowel +a consonant.double the consonant,than add ed.For examples.... So,these are the regular verbs.1.2 Irregular verbNext one,irregular verbs.Now you have some time to read all these verbs.Maybe they are irregular verbs.Maybe they are regular verbs.You can open your book and turn to pages122 and 123 for more changes of irregular verbs.Then we will do some exercise to practise how to form the past participles verbs.➢Practice1:Write the past participles of the following verbs（Are you ready?Let’s go.Look at the screen.There is a table.All of the verbs are divided into two groups.On the left is regular verbs.The words on the right are irregular verbs.So you have some time to finish the exercise.To form the past participles of given verbs.5minutes for you.Let’s start with the left one.The first one,borrow,borrowed.What about hope？Yes,e,so we just add d at the end of the word,hoped.Next one.plan,double the consonant,than add ed,planned.cry,y into i than add ed,cried.watch-watched,enjoy enjoyed.Let’s check it.Are your answers right?I think you are right.Then next one the words on the right.make is an irregular verb,make-made.Next one get,change the vowel,get-got.Next one,send,change the consonant,sent.Next one,say,maybe you have learnt before.The past participle of say is said.Next one grow,The past participle of grow is grown.Very good!The last one,no change,hit-hit.So let’s check it.Are you right?This is the first point-the structure.The secongd one,we’ll learn how to use it.It’s a question.Look at this one.）2.The usage of present perfect tense（时态概念举例说明）1）We use the present perfect tense to talk about an action that started in the past and continues to the present.（表示过去的某一动作一直持续到现在。
现在完成时——精选推荐
现在完成时现在完成时是“过去发生的动作对现在造成了影响”而且“过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成”。
在英语时态中，“时“指动作发生的时间，”态“指动作的样子和状态。
它的构成是：主语+have/has +动词的过去分词。
中文名：现在完成时外文名：The Present Perfect Tense用法：过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响形式：have / has + 过去分词现在完成时的应用1、过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。
2、过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成。
句型构成基本结构：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词（p.p）现在完成时用法(8张)①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(p.p)（V-ed）+宾语（或者其他）.②否定句：主语+have not/has not+动词的过去分词（p.p）（V-ed）+宾语.③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词（p.p)（V-ed）+宾语（或者其他）?肯定回答：Yes,I have.或Yes,she/he/人名has.否定回答：No,I haven't.或No，she/he/人名hasn't.④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）⑤被动时态：现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式为：have/ has +been +done。
如：The experiment has been done successfully. 这个实验做得很成功。
现在完成时的被动语态的否定式为：have/ has +not +been +done。
如：Tom’s novel has not been published. 汤姆的小说还没有被出版。
现在完成时的被动语态的一般疑问句需将have /has提到主语的前面。
如：Has his bike been repaired? 他的自行车修好了吗?现在完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词+have /has +been +done? 如：Who has been invited? 谁受到了邀请?用法要点1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间状语连用，（如表示过去的时间状语）如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon）等，除非与for,since连用.2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用如already（肯定句中），yet（否定，疑问，句末），just,before,recently,still,lately,never等：He has already obtained a scholarship.他已经获得了一份奖学金。
外研版八年级下册 Module 2 Unit 3 现在完成时 (共29张ppt)
ever, already, yet…
现在完成时的结构： has/have +动词过去分词
1.肯定句：主语+have/has+动词过去分词 I have worked. He/She has worked. They have worked.
2.否定句：主语+have/has +not 动词过去分词 I have not worked. He/She has not worked. They have not worked.
感谢观 看
THANKS
9. for+时间段
• eg:We haven't heard from her for a long time .
• The old man has died for 4 years .
10. in the last five years in the past five years
• eg:We’ve planted thousands of trees in the past five years.
现在完成时
一.现在完成时定义
• 1.表示过去的一个动作对现在造成的影响 • 2.表示过去的一个动作一直持续到现在，可 能已经完成，也可能要继续持续下去 • 3.从过去到现在某一个动作的积累程度
意义
现在 完成
时
结构
1.have + 动词过去分词 2.has +动词过去分词 （过去分词的变化规则）
标词
5. never adv. 从不
• 表示到现在为止动作从没发生过 • 放于助动词之后动词之前
•eg: He has never been to Beijing.
8bunit1 grammar (NXPowerLite)
现在完成时用法： 3. 动作到现在为止发生的次数。 这本书我已经看过三次了。 I have read this book three times. 我从没见到过大熊猫。 I have never seen giant pandas.
下列词和短语常常用在现在完成时中： already, yet, ever, never, just, recently, since, for ， so far, in the past few years, over the years 等。 already只用于肯定句中。 He has already finished his homework. 否定句和疑问句中用yet, 且yet 放在句末。 Has he finished his homework yet? He hasn’t finished his homework yet. Ever一般用于疑问句中。 Have you ever visited the Great Wall? 也可用于含最高级的句中。 This is the worst film I have ever seen.
13、—How long have you ____ here ? —About two months . Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. Arrived 14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes . Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began 15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army . Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was 16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she____ to the library. Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been 17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years . Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been
八年级下英语现在完成时讲解及练习
八年级下英语现在完成时讲解及练习(4页)(总5页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--现在完成时一、现在完成时态的结构 have /has (助动词)+done(过去分词)说明：动词的过去分词有规则形式和非规则形式两种，非规则分类：AAA、ABB、ABA、ABCAAA cost-cost-cost，hit-hit-hit，let-let-let，ABB buy-bought-bought，catch-caught-caught，ABA come-came-come，become-became-become ,run-ran-runABC break-broke-broken，fly-flew-flown，ride-rode-ridden ,take-took-taken，二、现在完成时态的基本句式肯定句：主语+have/has+Vpp+其他否定句：在助动词have/has后加上否定词not一般疑问句：将助动词have或has提到句首，肯定的简略回答是：Yes，主语＋have/has. 否定的简略回答是：No，主语＋have/has not.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句三、现在完成时态的用法2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。
例如：注意：此种用法中表示持续动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词（否定句除外）。
例如：(1)这本书我已经买了三个月了。
错误：I have bought the book for three months.正确：I have had the book for three months.(2)你哥哥参军多长时间了？错误：How long has your brother joined the army正确：How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier?四、现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.She joined the League three years ago. (加入的动作不是延续的)She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago). (在团内的状态可延续)She has been a League member for three years (since three years ago).是团员的状态可持续)比较 have/has been to、have/has gone to 和 have been inhave(has) been 表示“曾去过某地，已经从那里回来了”，可以和ever、never、twice 等连用。
初二现在完成时全解
【初二】现在完成时全解现在完成时是初二下学期要学到的语法内容，也是初中三年的重点和难点。
一. 现在完成时基本结构①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词②否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词）二. 现在完成时用法1. 现在完成时用来表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。
也就是说，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。
I have already posted the photo.我已经邮寄出了照片。
与此种用法连用的时间状语时一些模糊的过去时间状语，如already （肯定句）, yet（否定句/疑问句）, just, before, recently, still, lately, never 等。
2. 现在完成时也可用来表示动作或状态发生在过去某一时刻，持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。
He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。
(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。
)此种用法常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用。
谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词：go out----be outfinish----be overopen----be opendie----be deadbuy---havefall ill---be illcome back----be backcatch a cold----have a cold三. 现在完成时常见考法对于现在完成时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。
在考试中，会让大家判断是否该用现在完成时，或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表示一段时间的状语连用”这一知识点。
八年级英语上册 现在完成时讲解及练习 外研版
如何使用现在完成时同学们我们已经学习了现在进行时、一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时这4种时态的用法，但这4种时态还不能满足我们表达的需要。
比如：表示“某人过去曾经做过某事”或者“某人做某事多久”，以上五种时态就派不上用场了。
这时，我们可以用一种新的时态——现在完成时表示。
一、现在完成时的构成（一）肯定式主语＋助动词have ／has ＋过去分词＋其它说明：这里的have ／has是助动词，没有什么具体意义。
当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has，其余人称一律用have。
has，have的缩略式分别为's或've。
规则动词过去分词的构成与过去式的构成方式一样，不规则动词可参看不规则动词表。
实例：1）I've just copied all the new words ．我刚抄写了所有的生词。
(表示不要再抄了)2）She has lost her books ．她丢失了她的书。
（表示到目前为止还没有找到）(如果用过去时：She lost her books . 则强调书是过去丢的这一动作，而不知现在有没有找到)3）We've just cleaned the classroom ．我们刚好打扫了教室。
（表明现在教室是干净的）（二）否定式主语＋助动词have ／has＋not＋过去分词＋其它说明：现在完成时构成否定句时，只需在助动词have ／has后面加not就行。
have not，has not的缩略式分别为haven't ，hasn't。
另外，肯定句中有some，already时，改为否定时要分别改成any，yet。
实例：1）I haven't finished my homework yet．我还没有完成我的作业。
2）She hasn't travelled on a train ．她没有坐火车旅行过。
3）We have never spoken to a foreigner．我们从来没有和外国人说过话。
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现在完成时态（一）定义：两种情况1>表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的结果或影响2>从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态，强调的是现在的情况，将来还有可能继续下去。
（二）基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done)PS:根据主语的单复数来确定助动词是选用have还是has.①肯定句：1>主语+have/has+done…….2>主语+have/has+been+doing……这是现在完成进行时同样插在现在完成时态这里，也是提到主要的用法，特别地它带有一些感情色彩如激动、抱怨……Eg: I have trained 80 students I joined the education institution(教育机构)译：在过去的两个小时里，他一直在调试设备。
（暗含着现在还在调试，还有可能继续下去）调试的动词原形：debug②否定结构：主语+haven’t / hasn’t + done +……③一般疑问句中：Have/Has+主语+ done+……?肯定回答：Yes,主语+have/has.否定回答：No,主语+have/has not .Eg: Have you ever been to an amusement park?肯定回答：Yes, I have .否定回答：No, I haven’t.注意：have /has been to + 地点：去过某地（已回），表示“到(去)过某处”，现在已不在那个地方。
在谈起自己曾经去过某个地方时，可以用到。
区别于：have/has gone to + 地点：去了某地（未回），表示“去/到了某处”Eg: Has she gone to Hongkong ?译：她已经去香港了吗？(已到达香港还未回来或者在去香港的路上) 上述的have/has been to和have/has gone to可以用来表达自己平常出差的一种状态。
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词（What/Why/Who/…）+have/has+主语+done……？（三）具体用法1）过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时已完成的动作。
常见的状语有：now，already, yet, ever(曾经), ever since（自那时起），never, till / until, this week /month/year，many times 等包括现在时间在内的状语。
Eg：I have been over my English study plan now.（be over 代替了finish）Eg: I think that the problem is that I haven't (yet ) figured out what I want.划线句子做整个句子的宾语从句，句子的结构比较复杂，仔细分析译：我认为问题就是我还没有弄清楚自己要的是什么Eg: What's the best gift you have ever received? 定语从句修饰giftEg: The shop has been open ever since.Eg: We should say that we so excellent a film as The译：我们必须承认在此之前我们从未看过像《暮光之城》这样棒的电影.Eg:Until you tell me the thing completely now, I have mastered all of it.译：直到你现在完整地告诉我这件事，我才掌握了全部的情况。
Eg: This is the third time that I have been to the clinic(诊所) this week. 2）表示从过去开始的动作或状态一直持续到现在，常用for和since 后接表示一段时间的状语，so far(到目前为止)，up to now(到现在为止), in/over the past/few /数词years(在过去的几年里)Eg: I have taught the course for one and half an hour .译：我已经讲了一个半小时的课了。
teach-taught- taughtEg: Mark has worked here since he left college.Eg: We' ve only raised 2000 dollars so far, but we're still 500 short of the amount we need. be short of 缺少……译：到现在为止我们已经筹集了2000元，但是离我们所需的数目仍然还差500元。
Eg:I have travelled eleven provinces up to now.译：到现在为止我已经游历了十一个省份。
Eg: Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past few years.译：在过去的几年时间里我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
（这是常用句）3）在时间状语从句、条件状语从句中表达将来某时已经完成的动作。
Eg: When you have learned English, you will find it a bridge to so much knowledge .Because the limits of your language are the limits of your world.译：当你学会英语之后，你将找到一条通往丰富知识的桥梁。
因为你语言的边界就是你人生的边界。
We’ll start at six if it has stopped raining by then.译：如果那时雨已经停了，我们就在六点出发4）下列句型中常用完成时态：<1>This is the first/second/third……+time +that 从句that 从句的谓语要用现在完成时，译为：这是…第几次做某事（这一块有关时态的问题和过去完成时有交叉，怕给你看混了，以后会给你分开他们的区别）Eg: This is the second time that I have published an article in the newspaper.译：这已经是我第二次在该报纸上发表文章<2>It is 一段时间+since从句(过去完成时)has beenEg: It has been thirteen years since Jolin and Jay Chou broke up.has been 可换成is, break-broke-broken break up分手、关系破裂译：自从Jolin 和Jay Chou分手已经13年了。
Eg: It has been two years since my brother joined the army. 参军<3> This is the best/finest/most interesting 等形容词最高级+that+从句（现在完成时）Eg: This is the stable marketing channel that I have been in charge of the area. be in charge of …… 负责/执掌/管理…… 译：这是我负责的这个地区最为稳定的销售渠道。
N N o o w w c c o o m m e e s s y y o o u u r r t t u u r r n n t t o o e e x x a a m m i i n n e e y y o o u u r r s s e e l l f f …………1、----Can you tell me what time the flight to Australia leaves?----I ’but 常用来解释sorry 的原因A has been canceledB had been canceledC has canceledD had canceled2、This is the third time that I have____ the maximal exercise .A have triedB triedC try toD trytry 动词：尝试着，努力 try-tried-triedtry to do sth 尽力做某事 try doing sth 试着做某事try sth 尝试某事 the maximal exercise 极限运动3、We ____ the matter several times this year.A have discussedB has discussedC have been discussingD has been discussing译：我们今年已数次讨论那件事。
（这句话带有说话者“抱怨“的感情）4、I like these English songs and they ____ many times on the radio.A taughtB have taughtC are taughtD have been taught答答案案 11、、A A 22、、B B 33、、C C 44、、D D附件一：在完成时态中，常见瞬间动词（非延续性动词）的替换单词表首先注意：表过去某一时间发生的动作或状态一直延续到现在（强调现在），动作或状态一般是延续性的，因此要用表延续性的动词或表状态的动词。
表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用，即不能用于完成时也不能用于how long引导的疑问句中（how long对一段时间提问）。
Eg: He has borrowed the book for two months.(误)borrow一旦借出动作立马终止，所以不能用在完成时态。
Eg: He has kept the book for 2 months. （正）keep可以保存一段时间简单的提一下，非延续性动词在否定结构中可用于现在完成时态：I haven’t bought anything for two days.（有了解就可以）。