动词ing形式作状语
动词-ing形式作状语
作状语的动词-ing形式具有副词特性。
根据意义，动词-ing形式可作“原因、时间、条件、让步、结果、方式、伴随”等状语。
一、放在句首的动词-ing形式短语根据动词-ing形式短语表示的意义及与句子的关系，放在句首时可作“原因、时间、条件、让步”等状语。
如：Being blind，they cannot use computers.因为是盲人, 他们不能使用计算机。
（原因）Arriving at the classroom, the children began to do cleaning.一到学校，孩子们就开始大扫除。
（时间）Hearing the news，we all jumped with joy.一听到这个消息，我们就快乐地跳了起来。
（时间）Being clever enough, you should ask me for more advice.即使你充足聪明，也应该征求我的建议。
（让步）二、放在句末的动词-ing形式短语根据动词-ing形式短语表示的意义及与句子的关系，放在句末时可作“结果、伴随”状语，或补充说明谓语的具体情况。
如：Her parents moved to Shanghai, leaving the house to her.她的父母亲搬到了上海，把房子留给了她。
（说明谓语动词动作发生后产生的结果）The monkey shouted at us，showing its teeth.那猴子露出牙齿对着我们大喊大叫。
（说明谓语动词动作发生的方式）The students walked along the road，talking and laughing.学生们沿着大路一边走，一边说笑。
（说明谓语动词动作发生时还伴随着另一个次要的动作）She works in the manager’s office, dealing with letters and documents.她在经理办公室工作，处理信件和文件。
动词-ing
非谓语动词之动词-ing形式一．动词-ing形式作状语1. 动词-ing形式做状语，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。
动词-ing形式做状语，是对谓语动词所表示的主语动作加以修饰或陪衬。
1），做时间状语Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.听到这个消息，他们都高兴得跳了起来。
2），做原因状语Living far from the school, I have to get up early every morning.由于住得离学校远，我们只好每天早晨早起。
3）做结果状语He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.他把杯子弄掉了，结果摔得粉碎3）做条件状语Playing all day (= if you place all day), you will waste your valuable time.要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间现在分词有一般式、被动式、完成式和完成被动式四种形式，每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not构成。
一般式表示主动的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作；被动式表示正在进行的被动的动作；完成式表示发生在谓语动作之前的主动的动作；完成被动式表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作。
Pressed from his parents, and realizing that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.(2012·福建高考)由于来自父母的压力，以及认识到浪费了太多的时间，这个男孩决定不玩电子游戏了。
Not having fully recovered from the operation, the patient was advised to stay in hospital for another two weeks.手术后还没有完全康复，这位病人被建议再住院两周。
19.动词-ing形式作状语
动词-ing形式作状语吴国斌动词-ing形式作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或伴随动作，相当于相应的状语从句。
1.作时间状语（有时可以在动词-ing形式前加一个表时间的连词，如when，while等）相当于时间状语从句Hearing the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai.=When they heard the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai.听到这个消息，他们立即动身去上海。
Having turned off the TV set, he began to go over his lessons.=After turning off the TV set, he began to go over his lessons.关掉电视机以后，他便开始复习功课。
2.作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句Being too young, he couldn’t join the army.=As he was too young, he couldn’t join the army.因为年幼，他不能参军。
Not knowing how to get there, I had to ask the way.=As I did not know how to get there, I had to ask the way.因为不知道如何到那里，我只得问路。
3.作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句Using your head, you’ll find a good way.=If you use your head, you’ll find a g ood way.动动脑，你就会想出一个好办法。
Driving too fast, you will damage the car.=If you drive too fast, you will damage the car.如果开车太快，你会把车子弄坏的。
动词-ing-形式作状语
with joy.
= Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. • 作原因状语 Because I was tired, I stopped to take a rest
= Being tired, I stopped to take a rest. Because we don’t know her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her. = Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
1 Feeling tired, I went to bed .
2 Having finished the work , I went to bed .
• 作时间状语 While I was walking along the street, I met Mary
= Walking along the street, I met Mary.
• 作条件状语 If you turn the left, you will find the school
= Turning to the left, you will find the school. If you work hard, you'll succeed.
=Working hard, you'll succeed. • 作让步状语
3 Having done …表主动，时间先于谓语动词
Having praised his students,he went home.
ing做状语经典例句
ing做状语经典例句在英语中，ing作状语是动词的一种非谓语形式，它在句子中可以表示行为或状态的特征或方式。
以下是几个ing作状语的经典例句：1. He sat there reading a newspaper.（他坐在那里读报纸。
）在这个句子中，“reading a newspaper”是状语，表示“他”的状态是正在读报纸。
2. She came running to me.（她跑过来找我。
）在这个句子中，“running”是状语，表示“她”过来的方式是跑着来的。
3. He loved hiking in the mountains.（他喜欢在山里徒步旅行。
）在这个句子中，“hiking in the mountains”是状语，表示“他”喜欢做的事情是在山里徒步旅行。
4. I was surprised to find him crying in the corner.（我惊讶地发现他在角落里哭泣。
）在这个句子中，“crying in the corner”是状语，表示“他”的状态是在角落里哭泣。
5. She swam across the river to reach the other side.（她游过河到达了另一边。
）在这个句子中，“across the river”是状语，表示“她”游泳的方式是横着游过河。
6. He jumped up and down excitedly.（他兴奋地跳上跳下。
）在这个句子中，“excitedly”是状语，表示“他”跳跃的方式是因为兴奋而跳跃。
7. She sang beautifully, much to our surprise.（她唱得很美，让我们大吃一惊。
）在这个句子中，“beautifully”是状语，表示“她”唱歌的方式是唱得很美。
8. He lay in bed, awake all night.（他躺在床上，整夜没睡。
）在这个句子中，“awake all night”是状语，表示“他”的状态是整夜保持清醒。
动词的-ing形式-作定语和状语
现在分词作状语
现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是 句子的主语，但要注意它的各种形式变化：
主动形式
被动形式
一般式 V-ing
being V-ed
完成式 having V-ed having been V-ed
现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not (never)，即加在含有 ing 这个单词的前面。
Eg. Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom.
听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。
现在分词作状语
现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或 整个句子，表示动作发生的原因、时间、 方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。
1)表时间状语
1.When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.
II. Rewrite the following sentences.
1. When he approached Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her.
_W_h_e_n__ _a_p_p_r_o_a_c_h_i_n_g Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her.
2. “Can’t you read?” the notice现. 在(M分ET词9作3)伴随状语
A. pointing
B. pointed
C. point
D. and pointing
3. __C__ a reply, he decided to write again.(MET92)
动词-ing形式(短语)作状语
动词-ing形式（短语）作状语动词-ing形式（短语）可以作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果或伴随情况等。
此外，动词-ing形式（短语）作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。
如：Hearing someone call his name, David went out to see who it was.Being ill for a few days, she doesn't feel like eating anything.Looking on the bright side of things, you will live happily.Weighing almost one hundred kilos, the stone was moved by the boy alone.The song Little Apple is sung all over the country, making it very popular.The guests sat at the table, chatting and laughing.★动词-ing形式（短语）的一般式所表示的动作常与谓语动作同时发生，其完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。
如：Reading the book alone in his room, Peter nodded from time to time.Having eaten too much for supper, Tom couldn't go to sleep.★动词-ing形式（短语）的否定形式常在其前面加not。
如：Not being noticed by anyone, she left the room.★动词-ing形式（短语）作状语时，其前往往可以加when, while, if, unless, once, though, as if等连词，构成“连词+动词-ing形式”结构。
动词的-ing形式作状语
动词的-ing形式作状语一、动词的-ing形式作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作，用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修饰或作为陪衬。
它可表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随动作，相当于相对应的状语从句。
二、注：从句的主语和主句的主语必须一致。
即-ing分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语，并表示主动的关系。
三、1.表示时间,代替时间状语从句Walking in the street, I met a friend of mine.=When I walked in the street, I met a friend of mine.2. 表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句，多置于句首或句末，也可置于句中She rang him up, hoping to get his support.= As she hoped to get his support, she rang him up.Being ill, he didn’t go to school=As he was ill, he didn’t go to school3.表示条件，多置于句首Working hard, you will succeed.=If you word hard, you will succeed.4.表示让步，多置于句首Being poor, the old man was happy.=Though he was poor, the old man was happy.5.表示结果，常置于句末The boy fell off his bike, breaking his right arm.= The boy fell off his bike, so he broke his right arm.6.表示方式或伴随,多置于句末，也可置于句首1) He sat at the table, reading a magazine.2) Laughing and talking, they went into the room.四、为强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生,在-ing形式短语前可用连词when, while等;为强调在谓语动词的动作之前或之后发生,在-ing形式短语前可用连词before或aftere.g. 1) Be careful when crossing the road.2) Don’t laugh while eating.3) Before going abroad, he lived here.4) After watching TV, he went to bed.五、在-ing形式短语前可用介词on,表示“一……就……”e.g. On arriving in Beijing, he went to see his uncle.(= As soon as he arrived in Beijing, he went to see his uncle.)。
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三、表示条件（多置于句首）例：
1. Working hard(=If you work hard), you will succeed.
四、表示结果（多置于句末）例：
1. The snow lasted a week, leading to a serious traffic jam in the area.
2. The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ___ that he had enjoyed his stay here. A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added
注意：-ing形式的完成式having done 表示其动作发生在谓语动词 的动作之前，一般作时间或原因状 the homework, she went shopping. =When she had finished the homework, she went shopping.
5、_____ from his clothes, he is not so poor. A. Judged C. To judge B. Judging D. Judge
6、_____ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered
3、European football is played in 80 countries, ____ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
4、___ up at his father, he asked what was the matter with him. A. Having looked B. Looking C. To look D. Look
1.They walked on the
way home, singing and laughing.
2.He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.
=He lay on the grass, and stared at the sky for a long time.
2. The secretary worked late into the night, ____a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing [解题方法] (1)分析语境逻辑，弄清空格 是否作时间、原因或伴随状语；(2)分析动 作是主动还是被动，从而确定空格的-ing 形式的语态；(3)空格设置在句子后半部时 逗号是一个重要的提示。
析：分析语境逻辑可知丢钥匙动作应发生在进房 间的动作之前，所以应该用having done的形式。 （考查时态）
=The snow lasted a week,
so/and it led to a serious traffic
jam in the area.
五、表示方式和伴随（多置于句末）
-ing形式作方式状语或伴随状语， 用来对谓语动词表示的动作或状态加以 说明。一般来说，-ing形式表示的动作 和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。例：
动词—ing形式作状语
动词的—ing形式作状语时，通 常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作， 用来对谓语动词表示的动作加以修 饰或作为陪衬。它可表示时间、原 因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴 随动作，意义上相当于相应的状语 从句。
而-ing形式的完成式having done 表示其动作发生在谓语动 词的动作之前.否定形式为not having done. V-ing通常表示动作同时进行, 否定形式为not V-ing
六、表示让步
Knowing where I live, he never comes to see me. (= Though he knows where I live, he never comes to see me.)
1、The secretary worked late into the night, __a long speech for the president. A. to prepare C. prepared B. preparing D. was preparing
C.it was looked for everywhere
D.she hurried to a policeman for help
2. ___ his key, he couldn’t enter the room. A. Having lost B. Losing C. To loss D. Lost
2. Seeing its mother, the baby smiled. =When the baby saw its mother, it smiled.
注：为强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生，在 -ing形式之前可用连词when或while.如：
Be careful when crossing the street.
二、表示原因（多置于句首）例： 1.Being ill (= As he was ill ), he went
home. 3. Hoping to get our support
(=As they hoped to get our support), they sent us their statement.
一、表示时间（置于句首或句末）
-ing形式作状语，其动作可能发生在谓语 动作之前或之后，也可能和谓语动词的动作 同时发生。例:
1. Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. =When they heard the news, they all jumped with joy.
-ing 形式作状语考点
一、考查-ing形式作状语的类型
[考点说明] -ing形式常作时间、原因、结 果、或伴随状语，可放句首或句末。
1. European football is played in 80 countries, ____ it the most popular sport in the world. A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
二、考查-ing形式作状语与逻辑主语间的关系 -ing形式作状语时其逻辑主语是句子的主语， 此时应注意状语的人称、时态、语态和主句 主语的一致性。
1. Finding her car stolen, ____. A.a policeman was asked to help B.the area was searched thoroughly