高考英语构词法
高考英语构词法，英语讲授，词汇学习技巧How Words Are FormedWhen we learn English, it is very, very important to know how English words are formed. Once we know this, we can learn words easily.English people add "heads" or "tails" to words. The word without a head nor a tail is called root. Usually the head is called prefix, while the tail is called suffix.PrefixesThere are some prefixes you can add to some words to form new words. For example, mis- can be added to some verbs, meaning "wrong" or "wrongly". I can understand my English teacher well. means I often know what my English teacher says in class. But I misunderstood him. means I failed to understand him correctly.Adding prefixes is a very common way to form a new word. Most often, we have the following prefixes:in- (im-, il-, ir-): the opposite of somethingindependent: an independent person is someone who does not depend on someone else; an independent country is a country which is not controlled by other country or countries; an independent organisation is an organisation that is not controlled or run by another organisation or government.inaccessible: access is the way or possibility of coming to a place or person. Accessible means "able to be reached". Inaccessible means "very difficult or impossible to go to": Mount Qomolangma (the highest place of Himalayas) is one of the most inaccessible places. impossible: not possibleillegal: legal means "allowed by laws", so illegal means "not allowed by laws".irregular: regular means "happening every hour, every minute, etc.", so irregular means "not happening every hour, etc.".tele-: at or over a long distancetelevision: something you can see, and something that comes to you over a long distance (vision meaning "something you can see")telecommunication: the communication you can do over a long distance, like phone call, email, etc.teleconference: a meeting which is carried out over a long distance, for example by telephone, or other ways like television.telephone: phone is a Greek word meaning "sound" or "voice", so everybody knows this word telephone.inter-: between or involving two or more people, places, countries, etc.internet: the Internet is a system which allows millions of millions of computer users to exchange information. Net is something we use to catch fish, etc., and a net is usually made of threads or other similar things like wires that are woven across each other. The way the Internet works is quite similar to "net", so maybe this is the reason people use net to form this word. Another word quite similar is web: a web is something like a net.international: nation is similar to country, and national is an adjective, so international means "relating to two or more countries".intercom: com is from communication, so intercom is a system people use in a building or in an office building to talk to each other.There are many other common prefixes in English language. Please go to a dictionary to learn some.SuffixesSuffixes are something you add to the end of a word. Suffixes are even more common than prefixes. For example, a teacher is someone who teaches; a worker is someone who works, etc., so -er means "someone who does something". A lecturer is someone who gives lectures.-able (-ible): that you can dowashable: something washable means something you can wash in water.drinkable: something drinkable, like water, means something you can drink.accessible: something accessible means something you can reach.-ly: in a particular way (when added to an adjective); like something or every (when added to a noun)happily: in a happy wayfriendly: like a friend; motherly: like a mother (but not a mother); kingly: like a king (but not a king)weekly: every week; monthly: every month-less: withoutcareless: without careaimless: without aimschildless: without children-ful: full ofcareful: full of carehopeful: full of hopethankful: full of thanksFor many other suffixes, you can follow your teacher or go to a dictionary for information. CompoundsIt is easy to understand a compound: when two or more independent words come together, we say it is a compound word. Blackboard is from black and board; website is from web and site; hardware is from hard and ware, which means "things".Other waysBesides the above three ways, there are ways like:Many homeless people are being housed in temporary accommodation. (to house is from a house) Do you Yahoo today? means "Do you visit Yahoo website today?" or "Do you use Yahoo today?". modem, which is from modulator and demodulatorbrunch, which is from breakfast and lunchsmog, which is from smoke and fogmotel, which is from motor and hotellab, which is from laboratorytaxi (or cab), which is from taxicabA cry-out-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse girl is a girl who cries out at the sight of a mouse.A five-year-old boy is a boy who is five years old.A filmgoer is someone who goes to a film, so is the moviegoer or cinemagoer.ConclusionSo, it is not a bad idea to enrich your vocabulary by learning the way a word is formed. Important notesTraditionally, we treat text message as two words, but in meaning they cannot be separated, and the sound is /"tekst 'mesIdP/, with one stress at the head. The same is true with the following words:mobile phonemovie starafternoon teabread and butterThey are much the same as the Chinese bo(1)li(0): two characters but one meaning.Words and Their PartsLearning the parts of a word is very important. It is a very good way to enrich your vocabulary. Some people think it is easy to learn these parts, but actually it is difficult. For example, how to learn these words: part / depart / department / departure? Are they related to each other? If so what about the meaning of these words? They are so different!So it is very important to know how a word and its parts.At the same time, you can use Resources / Word List from the menu. You can easily see the heads of a group of words, or the tails of a group of words. (See also in this CD-ROM: How Words Are Formed.)We hope you can learn these parts of a English word, and of course, try to use them.abandonedfrom: to abandonacademicfrom: academy; pattern: n. + -ic = adj.accessiblefrom: to access; pattern: v. + -ible (-able) = adj.aimThe word acts as a noun and as a verb.amazedfrom: to amazeIn English, there are a large group of verbs, like to amaze, to amuse ,etc. But we do not usually use them as a verb. After we add -ing, or -ed, we regard and use them as adjectives. Other examples: interesting / exciting / depressing, etc. and their -ed forms.amazingfrom: to amazeamusingfrom: to amusearchitecturefrom: architect(n.) (An architect (n.) is someone who designs buildings.)assistantfrom: to assist; pattern: v. + -ant = n.astonishedfrom: to astonishattractivefrom: to attract; pattern: v. + -ive = adj.boredfrom: to borebreakdownfrom: to break downbrilliantrelated form: brilliance (n.)cassettefrom: case; pattern: n. + -ette (small) = n.Think about the meaning of these words: cigarette / kitchenette / barrette (bar + -ette) / diskette / novelette / luncheonette. Do you know there is a character called Manette in Charles Dickens' story A Tale of Two Cities? Why did Dickens give the person such a name?completelyfrom: complete; pattern: adj. + -ly = adv.comprehensionfrom: to comprehend; pattern: v. + -sion = n.conclusionfrom: to conclude; pattern: v. + -sion = n.correctionfrom: to correct; pattern: v. + -tion = n.crucibleWe have just a few -ible ending words as nouns: collectible (something you collect); convertible (a kind of car); submersible (a kind of ship running under water).datafrom: datum (n.) (singular form, a form we hardly use.)departmentThe word is from the French language. In English, to depart means to leave.descriptionfrom: to describe; pattern: v. + -tion = n.disadvantageIt is very hard to explain the formation of this word. -age is usually added to a verb, so we have advance →advantage. Dis- is usually used before a verb, like disagree, or an adjective, like disable. But what is about disadvantage? We don't have such a word like disadvance (?). disappearfrom: to appear; pattern: dis- + v. = v.disappointedfrom: to disappoint; pattern: v. + -ed = adj. (disappoint: dis- + v.; pattern: dis- + v. = v.) disappointingfrom: to disappoint; pattern: v. + -ing = adj. (disappoint: dis- + v.; pattern: dis- + v. = v.)dissolvefrom: to solve; pattern: dis- + v. = v.distancerelated form: distant (adj.)downtownfrom: down + town. Down has a meaning in the south, and up has a meaning in the north. But here, downtown means towards the business area of a town or city, while uptown means towards the residential area of a town or city.electricalrelated forms: electric (adj.), electricity (n.)electricityfrom: electric; pattern: adj. + -ity = n.embarrassedfrom: to embarrass; pattern: v. + -ed = adj.embarrassingfrom: to embarrass; pattern: v. + -ing = adj.employmentfrom: to employ; pattern: v. + -ment = n.encouragementfrom: to encourage; pattern: v. + -ment = n. (encourage: en- + courage; pattern: en- + n. = v.) energeticfrom: energy; pattern: n. + -ic = adj.enjoymentfrom: to enjoy; pattern: v. + -ment = n.enthusiasticfrom: enthusiasm; pattern: n. + -ic = adj.equipmentfrom: to equip; pattern: v. + -ment = n.exhaustedfrom: to exhaust; pattern: v. + -ed = adj.fantasticfrom: fantasy; pattern: n. + -ic = adj.fascinatingfrom: to fascinate; pattern: v. + -ing = adj.fluencyrelated forms: fluent (adj.), fluently (adv.)formalfrom: form (n.); pattern: n. + -al = adj. Related forms: formality (n.); formally (adv.); informal (adj.); informally (adv.); informality (n.)related forms: fortune (n.), fortunately ( adv.)frequentlyfrom: frequent; pattern: adj. + -ly = adv. Related forms: infrequent (adj.); infrequency (n.); frequency (n.)frightenfrom: fright; pattern: n. + -en = v.gorgeousAlthough the word ends with -ous, we could hardly say it is from a word gorge, a word which means something else, but they ARE of the same root.headmasterfrom: head + masterheadmistressfrom: head + mistresshelicopterrelated forms: copter; heliport (from helicopter + port)hometownfrom: home + townhouseholdfrom: house + hold (to hold: to keep). Although the word has a part hold, the meaning now is a group of people living together. Someone who is the head of a house is called householder, who is employed to clean the house is called housekeeper, who is doing the cleaning in his or her own house is called house husband or housewife.immediatelyfrom: immediate; pattern: adj. + -ly = adv.impressfrom: to press. This im- is not very active now. Imprint also has this similar im-.impressionfrom: to impress; pattern: v. + -sion = n.incorrectlyfrom: incorrect; pattern: adj. + -ly = adv. (incorrect: in- + adj.; pattern: in- + adj. = adj.) independentfrom: dependent; pattern: in- + adj. = adj. (Dependent is from depend. Other similar forms: adherent, adjacent, accident, apparent, diligent, obedient, eloquent, existent, fluent, intelligent, urgent, etc. Most of these forms are adj. in English. They are usually from a French verb. So this is the reason why we can get a sense of "action meaning" in these words.informationfrom: to inform; pattern: v. + - (a)tion = n.instructionfrom: to instruct; pattern: v. + -tion = n.interviewfrom: to view; pattern: inter- + v. = v., inter- + n. = n., inter- + adj. = adj., etc. (Inter- means between or among more than two people or things. Similar words: internet, international, interact, interconnect, interface, etc.)from: to interview; pattern: v. + -er = n.inventionfrom: to invent; pattern: v. + -tion = n.jokeThe form acts both as a noun and as a verb.keywordfrom: key + wordkindergartenfrom: kind (a German word which means child) + garten (a German word which means garden. localrelated forms: location (n.), to locate, to localise, locality (n.), locally (adv.)loudlyfrom: loud; pattern: adj. + -ly = adv.magnesiumThere are some "metals" which have the -ium ending: aluminium / cadmium / calcium / iritium / lithium / chromium / potassium / plutonium / sodium / uranium.midnightfrom: night; pattern: mid- + n. = n. or adj. Similar words: midday / midsummer / midweek / midway, etc.misunderstandingfrom: understanding; pattern: mis- + n. = n., mis- + v. = v.mixturefrom: to mix; pattern: v. + -ture = n.motorbikefrom: motor + bikemoveThe word works both as a noun and a verb.neighbourhoodfrom: neighbour; pattern: n. + -hood = n. Similar words: childhood, girlhood, boyhood, parenthood, adulthood, babyhood, fatherhood, brotherhood, manhood. We have two other words ending with -hood: livelihood / likelihood.nervousrelated forms: nerve (n.), nervously (adv.), nervousness (n.)networkfrom: net + workoccupationfrom: to occupy; pattern: v. + -tion = n.organisationfrom: to organise; pattern: v. + -tion = n.organisedfrom: to organise; pattern: v. + -ed = adj.partialfrom: part; pattern: n. + -ial (-al) = adj.It is hard for us to know the formation of this word, though -age really exists in English. We have a large group of words ending with -age, but the suffix is not very active now.permissionfrom: to permit; pattern: v. + -sion = n.prettyThe word works both as an adjective and as an adverb, but the meaning is quite different. previousAlthough it is hard to recognize the last part of the word, pre- clearly carries the meaning of before. Actually the word is from via, which means way.productrelated forms: to produce, productionprofessionalfrom: profession; pattern: n. + -al = adj. The word professional can also be a noun.reactfrom: to act; pattern: re- + v. = v.reactionfrom: to react; pattern: v. + -tion = n.relationshipfrom: relation; pattern: n. + -ship = n.relaxedfrom: to relax; pattern: v. + -ed = adj.reviseThe prefix re- has the meaning again, and it is a bit active. You can say re-do, re-sing, etc. revisionfrom: to revise; pattern: v. + -sion = n.sceneryrelated form: scene (n.)scientificrelated form: science (n.)seasidefrom: sea + sideshortenfrom: short + -en; pattern: adj. + -en = v.sidewaysfrom: side + -ways; pattern: n. + -ways = adv.similarlyfrom: similar + -ly; pattern: adj. + -ly = adv.softwarefrom: soft + -ware; pattern: adj. (or n.) + -ware = n.soundThe word can both act as a noun and as a verb.stadiumWords which mean buildings or rooms: atrium / auditorium / condominium / crematorium /emporium / gymnasium / planetarium / sanatorium / sanitarium / solarium / stadiumstatisticrelated forms: statistics (n.) / statistical (adj.) / statistically (adv.) / statistician (n.)summaryrelated form: sum (n.)technologyTech is more and more used in informal situation, like hi-tech.teenagerfrom: teenage (n.)timetablefrom: time + tabletongsThere are some words which end with the letter -s: glasses / trousers / sleeves / scissors / pliers, etc. All these things are made of two parts, maybe the reason why they end with -s.touristfrom: tour + -ist; pattern: n. + -ist = n.tramrelated forms: tramcar (n.), tramlines (n.)translationfrom: to translate; pattern: v. + -tion = n.unemployedfrom: employed; pattern: un- + adj. = adj. (employed: employ + v.; pattern: v. + -ed = adj.) websitefrom: web + site。
高考英语冲刺复习考点通关大全：专题01 构词法
专题01 构词法高考英语冲刺复习考点通关大全距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
【考点详解】【命题解读】分析近三年年高考卷，仅在语法填空中涉及到构词法中的就有两到三个小题。
可知，近年高考越来越注重对构词法的考查。
通过引导学生掌握构词法，分析词的组成，有助于学生提高词汇的分析能力，扩大词汇量。
此外，利用构词法还有助于记住单词的形、义和词性，避免出现拼写的错误，提高综合能力。
【考点预测】预计2023年高考将侧重考查词性的转换，命题侧重对名词、形容词、副词的转换的考查。
【复习建议】1.掌握派生法、合成法、转化法2.侧重培养通过语境上下文的推理判断词性的能力3.注重词汇积累考点一（派生法）派生法就是由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词。
词根是派生词的基础，而词缀起到决定派生词的词汇意义和语法属性的作用。
（一）形容词的后缀和前缀1. 名词+-cial--形容词benefit--beneficial 有益的office--official 官方的face--facial 面部的race--racial 种族的finance--financial 金融的society--social 社会的【典例剖析】(2022全国卷乙卷) l provide ___________ (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.【答案】financial【解析】设空处后面有名词aid，充当provide的宾语，故修饰名词应当使用形容词作定语。
2024新高考英语复习构词法
悲伤的:sorrow—sorrowful
高雅的:grace—graceful
可耻的:shame—shameful
-less
无,不
无成效的:fruit—fruitless
无意义的:meaning—meaningless
不痛的:pain—painless
坐立不安的:rest—restless
无望的:hope—hopeless
2.形容词转换为副词
后缀 -ly
意义 以……方式
例词
绝对地:absolute—absolutely
仅仅:bare—barely
真诚地:sincere—sincerely
事实上,真实地:actual—actually
最后:eventual—eventually
很少:rare—rarely
批评性地:critical—critically
具有……特 性的;与…… 有关的
实际的:practice—practical
偶然的:accident—accidental
符合逻辑的:logic—logical
职业的:profession—professional
面部的:face—facial
金融的:finance—financial
有益的:benefit—beneficial
系统的:system—systematic 有同情心的:sympathy—sympathetic
戏剧性的:drama—dramatic
悲观的:pessimism—pessimistic
热心的:enthusiasm—enthusiastic
乐观的:optimism—optimistic
科学的:science—scientific
高考英语语法——构词法
高考英语语法——构词法（Word-formation）一、构词法种类重点用法①转化用法：转化构词法是指一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性。
也就是说，一个单词可作名词，也可作动词或别的词类，从意思上讲，是一词多义；从语法上讲，是一个词可有多种语法功能。
dream v.遇见；n.梦I dreamed a terrible dream.我做了一个噩梦。
动词名词home n.家；故乡；adv.在（向，到）家At four o’clock I went home.Then I went to Uncle Wang’s home.副词名词我4点回到家，然后去了王叔叔家。
重点用法②合成用法：合成构词法是指由两个或更多的词合成一个词，有的用连字符“-”连接，有的直接连写在一起，还有的由分开的两个词构成。
合成词中有合成名词、合成形容词、合成动词、合成代词、合成副词等，其中合成名词和合成形容词较多。
class+room=classroom教室名词+名词black+board=blackboard黑板形容词+名词good+looking=good-looking相貌好看的形容词+分词over+come=overcome克服副词+动词提示：多数合成名词变成复数时，只把主体名词变成复数，而由man，woman构成的合成名词变为复数时，必须把主体名词和man或woman都变为复数。
daughter(s)-in-law儿媳passer(s)-by路人wom e n teacher s女教师m e n doctor s男医生注意：当数词和表示年龄、质量、尺寸等的名词用连字符“-”构成合成词时，这些名词用单数形式。
He is a five-year-old boy.=He is five years old.他是一个5岁的小男孩。
It’s a four-foot-long box.这个盒子有4英尺长。
重点用法③派生用法：1.派生构词法是指由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词。
考点08 构词法-备战2021年高考英语考点一遍过
考点08 构词法高考频度：★★★★★许多英语单词的构成都有一定的规律，这种规律被称为构词法。
掌握构词法知识对我们更好地理解词义、认识新词和扩大词汇量有重要意义。
英语中的构词法主要有派生法（Derivation）、合成法（Composition）和转换法（Conversion）三大类。
构词法一派生法在一个词的词根（root）前面或后面加上某个词缀（affix）来产生新词，这种构词法称为派生法（derivation）或词缀法（affixation）。
加在前面的词缀叫前缀（prefix），加在后面的词缀叫后缀（suffix）。
一般情况下，前缀往往改变词根的词义，不改变词根的词性；而后缀往往改变词根的词性，有些也涉及意义的变化。
大部分前缀和后缀都有固定的意义，因而许多派生词的词义可以通过词根及词缀的意思推知。
1.形容词变副词的后缀在形容词后加－ly可变成相应意义的副词直接加－ly extreme → extremely尤其，非常stupid → stupidly 傻地改y为－ily happy → happily快乐地merry → merrily 快乐地去e加－ly true真的→ truly真地2.形容词变名词的后缀后缀例词－age short → shortage不足；短缺－cy efficient → efficiency效率；功效accurate → accuracy准确性－dom free → freedom自由；自主wise → wisdom明智；智慧3.动词变名词的后缀4.表示＂人＂的后缀在某些形容词、名词或动词后面加后缀变成具有某种职业或动作的人。
常见的表示＂人＂的后缀有：5.动词、名词变形容词的常见后缀6.表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀7.变动词的前缀和后缀hard → harden使变硬class → classify把……分类－ifybeauty → beautify美化apology → apologize道歉－izeemphasis → emphasize强调1. (2019年新课标卷I·语法填空) Scientists have responded by noting (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___ (high) than they actually are.【答案】higher【解析】根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。
构词法专题 重要考点及解题技巧
语法专项2——构词法掌握一定的构词法知识，有助于系统扩大词汇量，降低阅读中的生词量，使阅读更流畅。
构词法也是高考语法填空题及改错题的重要考点。
一、三种主要构词法英语主要有三种构词法，即转化法、合成法和派生法。
1. 转化法就是把一个词从一种词类转化为另一种词类。
如：You can water the flowers with dirty water. 你可以用脏水浇花。
2. 合成法就是把两个或两个以上的词结合成一个新词。
如：Few people realized that dustmen were doing an important job.清洁工人3. 派生法就是将一个单词附加前缀或后缀，变为一个新单词。
前缀附加在单词前面，一般不改变原词的词类，但会引起词义的变化。
后缀附加在单词后面，一般不改变原词的基本含义，但会引起词类的变化。
如：We think it impossible to finish the work on time.My grandpa looks very healthy.二、近三年全国III卷高考语法填空及改错构词法考点呈现。
1.语法填空。
(1)(2018) I’m a 66 ______(science) who studied animals such as apes and monkey.(2)(2017) She is determined to carry on with her 66______________________(educate).It is 70___________(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.(3)(2016) Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 66____________(gradual)turned into chopsticks.Confucius, 67 who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influence the 68________(develop) of chopsticks.2.改错。
专题 17 高考英语语法【构词法】核心考点聚焦 -高考英语必背手册
高考英语必背手册
专题十七构词法
对于高中生来说，词汇无疑是一个不容忽视的重要问题。
面对教材中大量的英语词汇和做题时题目中出现的新词汇，学生常常显得无所适从，苦于记忆单词效率低，遗忘速度快。
而了解英语构词法，掌握一定数量的构词成分，则是开启英语词汇大门的钥匙。
英语词汇的数量已超过百万，但构词成分却很有限，构词方法则更有限。
英语词汇的构成有一定的规律和法则。
按照其规律和法则造词的方法就叫构词法。
英语词汇构词法的常用的主要类型，比如词缀法、转类法、复合法、混成法、逆生法、截短法等。
通过构词法的学习，便于我们巩固和扩大英语词汇量，有利于我们学好，用好，教好英语这门语言。
掌握英语构词法是学生应该具备的一项基本技能，它对于帮助学生扩大词汇量，准确地推测文章中的词汇的含义和理解文章都具有重要的意义。
教师应积极引导学生归纳、总结英语构词法，以便促进学生积极学习英语和提高学生学习英语的效率。
第一类派生词
第三类合成法。
2023届高考英语复习之语法透析：词性转换(构词法)课件
act → active 积极的；活跃的 ive effect → effective 有效的；生效的
attract → attractive 有吸引力的 impress → impressive 给人印象深刻的
02 考点精析
名词、动词转化 为形容词后缀ous
direct → indirect 间接的
02 考点精析 ir-
前缀 mis-
un
regular → irregular 不规则的 responsible → irresponsible 不负责任的
lead → mislead 误导 understand → misunderstand误解 usual → unusual 不寻常的 willing → unwilling 不愿意的 happy → unhappy 不高兴的 known → unknown 不出名的
02 考点精析
动词转化为名词 后缀ance/ence
appear → appearance 出现；外貌 perform → performance 表演；节目 exist → existence 存在；生存 prefer → preference 偏爱 refer → reference 参考；查阅 guide → guidance 指引；指导
doubt → doubtful 怀疑的 forget → forgetful 健忘的 harm → harmful 有害的 hope → hopeful 有希望的 peace → peaceful 和平的
02 考点精析
名词、动词转化 为形容词后缀
scare → scared 感到恐惧的 -ed confuse → confused 感到困惑的
高考英语语法必考考点(15)构词法(含解析)
——————————教育资源共享步入知识海洋————————2019年高考英语语法必考考点（15）：构词法含解析李仕才【考点解读】英语词性是可以相互转化的。
词性的转换有两种方法：转化法和缀合法（派生法）。
一、转化法转化法是由一个词类转化为另一个词类的方法，即某一个词早期迁移定型为某一个词义和词类，后来通过词义扩大或比喻等方法把它活用为其它词义和词类的方法，一般在转化义和原义之间有明显的联系。
转化法一般多用于简单音节的词汇中。
转化法主要分为如下四种类型：1. 动词转化为名词。
多用来表示一次性动作，或与动作相关的事物。
①We stopped there for a swim.我们在那儿停下来游了一会儿泳。
swim原为动词“游泳”。
②Xiao Liu's answers is perfectly right.小刘的回答是完全正确的。
answer原为动词“回答”。
2. 名词转化为动词。
这类词多与名词所具有的特殊动作有关，也是修辞。
例如：①He wolfed down three bowls of rice.他狼吞虎咽地吃了三大碗饭。
wolf.原为名词“狼”。
②He insisted on staying up to nurse the child.他坚持不睡觉来护理这个女孩。
nurse.原为名词“护士”。
3. 形容词转化为动词。
①He had blacked his face with soot.他已经用煤灰把脸抹黑了。
black 原为形容词“黑色的”。
②My father is emptying a box of rubbish into a rubbish-cart.我爸爸正将垃圾倒入垃圾车。
empty原为形容词“空的”。
4. 形容词转化为名词。
即用性质来指代这种性质的事物。
例如：①My mother likes red.我妈妈喜欢红色（的）。
red原为形容词“红色的”。
②The Chinese are working-hard and brave people.中国人勤劳而勇敢。
高考英语三大构词法之详解汇总
高考英语三大构词法之汇总一. 转化法（conversion）在英语中，一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性而词形不变的方法叫做转化法。
1. 动词转化为名词Let me have a try. 让我试试。
They are only allowed to sell soft drinks at school. 在学校里只准许他们出售不含酒精的饮料。
2. 名词转化为动词He shouldered his way through the crowd. 他用肩膀推开人群前进。
The smell from the kitchen made his mouth water. 从厨房传来的气味使他流口水。
3. 形容词转化为动词We will try our best to better our living conditions. 我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。
They tried to perfect the working conditions. 他们努力改善工作条件。
4. 形容词转化为名词He didn’t know the difference between right and wrong.他不辨是非。
The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。
5. 形容词转化为副词How long have you lived there? 你在那儿住多久了？6. 情态动词，副词，连词在一定场合中也可转化为名词Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.穿暖和的衣服到山区去是必须的。
Life is full of ups and downs.人生有得意时也有失意时。
His argument contains too many ifs and buts. 他的辩论中含有太多的“如果”和“但是”。
二. 合成法（composition）由两个或两个以上的单词连在一起合成一个新词，这种构词法叫做合成法，合成的词叫做合成词（compounds）。
高考英语总复习构词法(30张PPT)
转化法（Conversion）
visit v.
visit n.
缩略法（Abbreviation）
Do it yourself.
DIY
合成词 Compound
pain-killer
＋
＝
color- blind
＋
＝
sleep-walk
＋
＝
sleep-walker
一、合成法（Compounding）
✓思路点拨：warmly 修饰动词smiled作状语，用 副词形式。
1. Write out the original words.
unchangeable adj. c_h_a_n__g_e_ dislike v. __l_ik_e______ impossibility n. _p_o_s_s_ib_l_e__ unfriendly adj.___fr_i_e_n_d___ overwork v. ___lo_o_k_________ misunderstanding n. u_n__d_er_s_t_a_n_d___ athletic adj._a_t_h_le_t_e________ misread v. r_e_a_d_____ translator n. __t_r_a_n_s_la_t_e____
1.Many countries import most of the oil
they use.
进口
2.He studied biophysics at college.
生物物理学
3.It is very important to learn how to
cooperate with others. 合作
telephone 电话→打电话 hand手 → 交给 record 录音→记录 date 日期→ 定日期