专升本英语必备词汇

以下单词出现“同”表示“同义词”、“搭”表示“搭配”、“辨”表示“辨析”、“例”表示“例句”。

Abandon v.放弃；抛弃，离弃同cease， depart， quit， withdraw【搭】abandon oneself to 沉溺于；听任……摆布【辨】abandon和give up。

abandon指因为外界的原因(如影响或压力等)而完全放弃：Mary had to abandon her trip because of her mother’s illness. 由于母亲生病,玛丽不得不放弃旅行。

give up指放弃或中止某种习惯、计划、努力等，其后可接宾语也可不接宾语：—You ought to give up smoking. —I gave it up last year.——你应该戒烟。

——我去年就戒掉了。

［例］The driver abandoned his car in the snow. 司机把汽车抛弃在雪地里。

The next?best solution is to abandon the project altogether.仅次于最佳的解决方法是放弃全部计划。

Abide v.坚持；遵守；容忍同bear， endure， tolerate【搭】abide by遵守，履行［例］He could not abide any rude behaviour. 他不能容忍任何无礼的行为。

He cannot abide to stay in one position for long. 他无法忍受长久待在同一职位上。

abolish v.废除，取消同abandon， cancel， destroy［例］There are many bad customs and laws that ought to be abolished.有许多不良的习俗和法规应予以废除。

Abraham Lincoln abolished slavery in the United States. 亚伯拉罕·林肯在美国废除了奴隶制。

absence n.没有, 缺乏;缺席同lack， scarcity， shortage【搭】in the absence of没有, 缺乏［例］What was the real reason for your absence? 你缺席的真正原因是什么？We must invent an excuse for our absence.我们必须为缺席编造一个借口。

absolute a.绝对的；完全的；专制的；确实的，确定的同complete， entire， perfect， total［例］I have absolute trust in the skill of doctors. 我绝对相信医生的医术。

The police has found absolute proof of his guilt.警方已经发现他犯罪的确凿证据。

absorb v.吸收；吸引……的注意, 使全神贯注同involve， occupy【搭】be absorbed in专心于［例］Plants absorb minerals and other nutrients from the soil.植物从泥土中吸收矿物质和其他养料。

The clever boy absorbed all the knowledge his teacher could give him.那个聪明的男孩把他老师所能教他的所有知识都吸收了。

abstract a.抽象的；深奥的 n.摘要；抽象 v.摘要；提取，抽取同 a. theoretical n.extract，outline，summary［例］We may talk of beautiful things, but beauty itself is abstract.我们尽可谈论美的事物，然而美本身却是抽象的。

Mary abstracted a story for the book review.玛丽为这篇书评写故事梗概。

absurd a.愚蠢的；荒唐的同childish，comic，ridiculous［例］What an absurd proposal 多荒谬的提议啊！It was absurd of you to suggest such a thing. 你居然建议这样的事，太可笑了。

abuse v.滥用；谩骂 n.滥用；谩骂，毁谤同 v. misuse, curse, insult n.misuse, insult,mistreatment［例］It’s easy to abuse one’s power.人容易滥用权力。

The government has set up a working party to look into the problem of drug abuse.政府已成立工作组调查滥用毒品问题。

accelerate v.加速；促进同advance，quicken，rush［例］The leader is losing ground as the rest of the runners accelerate.领先者在其余赛跑者加速时就逐渐失去了优势。

The government have made some policies that will accelerate the development of manufacturing industry. 政府已经制定了一些加快制造业发展的政策。

access n.接近，进入；入口，通路；进入的方法同approach，course，entry，passport［例］As her private secretary he has access to all her correspondence.作为她的私人秘书,他能接触到她所有的信件。

Every senior citizen has free access to the city park. 每位老年人都可免费进入市立公园。

accommodate v.留宿，收容；供应，供给；容纳同hold，provide，supply［例］The bank is accommodating its customers more than it used to.这家银行现在给客户贷款比以前多了。

The cottage could accommodate up to four people. 这间小屋最多能容纳4个人。

accommodation n.居住设施同housing，rooms，settlement［例］This hotel has accommodation for 500 guests. 这家旅馆能接待500位客人。

We offer help in ordering accommodations.我们提供代客人预订旅馆住宿的服务。

accomplish v.完成，实现【辨】accomplish，complete，finish和fulfil。

这几个词都有“完成”的意思。

accomplish有“成功地完成某事”的意思，后常接的宾语有aim，task等: I have accomplished a great deal in the last few months. 在过去的几个月里，我完成了相当多的工作。

complete所完成的事较accomplish的具体，有“补足缺少的部分使之完整或圆满”的含义，尤指建筑工程的竣工、文艺作品的完成等: When will the railway be completed? 铁路何时建成? finish强调“结束”，通常指日常事务的完成：Do you finish your homework? 你做完功课了吗？fulfil多指完成制定的目标、任务、理想等，有“实现”的含义：In spite of all the difficulties, we fulfilled our task ahead of schedule. 尽管有许多困难，我们还是提前完成了任务。

［例］We should not try to accomplish two tasks at once. 我们不能指望同时完成两件工作。

The delegation tried to arrange a peace，but accomplished nothing.代表团试图调停以实现和平，但是却未能成功。

accumulate v.积累，积蓄；堆积同collect，increase，save，store【辨】accumulate，gather和collect。

accumulate表示“积累，聚集”，指经过一段时间连续不断收集而使之愈来愈多，但并非有强烈的意图：I’ve accumulated quite a lot of rare books over the years. 我多年来积累了相当多的珍贵书籍。

gather与collect 均表示“收集”，有时可互换，如：gather／collect leaves收集叶子。

但collect常指有目的、有计划或按一定的要求进行收集，而gather没有这层含义，如：collect books表示按内容或顺序收集书籍，而gather books则只表示把散着的书收好。

［例］As the evidence began to accumulate, the experts felt obliged to investigate.当证据日趋增多时，专家们感到必须进行调查。

Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly.房屋不经常打扫，尘土很快就越积越多。

accuse v.控告，谴责同blame，charge【搭】accuse sb. of doing sth.指控某人做了某事【辨】accuse和charge。

accuse 所表达的“指控，控告”比较直接和尖锐，但指控对方的事不一定很严重，有时可与charge通用，但accuse通常的搭配为accuse sb. of sth.：She accused him of theft. 她控告他行窃。

charge 表示“指控，控告”，一般用于较严重的错误或罪行，常用结构为charge sb. with sth：He was charged with murder. 他被指控犯有谋杀罪。

［例］He accused the man of having committed a crime. 他指控那个人有罪。