2020高考英语限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
2020高考英语限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 讲解
一．限制性定语从句
1.定义:①先行词不可缺少的定语，去掉后主句的意思不完整或失去意义;
②写时不用逗号隔开;
③做宾语的关系代词可以省略。
2.例子：What is the name of the tall man who just came in?
This was the time when the two countries were at war.
Beijing is a city (that）I’ve always wanted to visit.
He has found the book (that) he was looking for.
She married a man（that/whom/who)she met on a bus.
二．非限制性定语从句
1.定义:①对先行词作附加说明，去掉后主句意思仍然清楚；
②写时主句与从句用逗号隔开；
③不用that引导，关系词不可省略。
2.例子:Beijing, which is the capital of China, has a very long history.
Yesterday I met Li ping, who seemed to be very busy.
三．注意
1.限制性定语从句中，在表示时间、地点的词后，关系副词可以省略.
That was the year (when) I first went abroad.
We need a place (where)we can stay for a few days.
2.先行词为reason，关系词可用why/for which/that.
The reason why/for which/that I bought the roses is that Mary likes them.
3.先行词为way,关系词可用that/in which/不用关系词
This is the way that/in which/不填I did it.
四．As引导的定语从句
1.as引导限制性定语从句
①结构：the same...as...和...一样的/such...as...像...之类的
②作用：It’s the same person （主句）as we wanted to find yesterday.（定语从句）
这和我们昨天要找的是同一个人。
（as作宾语）
He is not the same man （主句）as he was three years ago.（定语从句）
他和三年前不一样了。
（as作表语）
Such girls as he knows (定语从句）are good at English.（主句）
他所认识的女孩都擅长英语。
（as作宾语）
We have found such materials （主句）as are used in their factory.（定从）
我们已经找到了像他们工厂里用的那样的材料。
（as作主语）
as在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
③the same...as...与the same... that...的区别
I bought the same novel as you were reading.
我买了一本和你正在读的一样的小说。
（同类不同物)
I’m reading the same novel that you have read.
我正在读你读过的那本小说。
（同类同物）
2.as引导的非限制性定语从句
修饰整个主句，位于句首、句中、句尾。
①As we all know, China is a beautiful country with a long history.（句首）
②The earth, as we know, moves round the sun.（句中）
③Tom works hard and is willing to help others, as is known to everybody.（句尾）
练习
1. — Is that the small company you often refer to?
— Right, just the one _______ you know my father used to work for years.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. as
2. — Where did they finish the experiment?
— It was in the lab _______ was taken charge of by Prof. Smith.
A. where
B. /
C. which
D. in which
3. Examination compositions, together with most business letters and government reports, are the main situations _______ formal language is used.
A. in which
B. in that
C. of which
D. of that
4. Which film is the one _______ main actor has won the Best Actor Prize in the film festival?
A. who
B. whom
C. whose
D. which
5. In that country, November 30th is a national festival _______ everyone, men and women, old and young, sings and dances happily in the streets.
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. as
6. This is John Brown, _______ I think has something interesting to tell you.
A. which
B. whom
C. that
D. who
7. We climbed the Huangshan Mountain yesterday, _______，not surprisingly, was crowded with visitors from all over the world.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. when
8. The famous football player, _______ a big party will be held tomorrow morning, is to arrive this afternoon.
A. in honour of him
B. in his honour
C. in whose honour
D. in which honour
9. _______ was reported in the newspaper, seventeen passengers had been killed in the traffic accident.
A. It
B. As
C. What
D. That
10. The owner paid the worker $10 for tidying the whole building, most of _______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
A. that
B. what
C. when
D. which
11. He has made great contributions to the science of physics, _______ he was awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize.
A. about which
B. What
C. for which
D. when
12. I don’t want to use the same tool _______ you used yesterday to repair the air conditioner.
A. it
B. that
C. one
D. what
13. They were interested _______ you told them.
A. in which
B. in that
C. all that
D. in everything
14. Is that the reason _______ you are in favor of the proposal?
A. which
B. what
C. why
D. for that
15. I have bought the same dress _______ she is wearing.
A. as
B. that
C. which
D. What。
2020高考英语复习 定语从句
第三讲定语从句定语从句必备知识1．定语从句在复合句中，修饰名词、代词或整个句子的从句叫作定语从句。
定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。
(定语从句作后置定语)2．先行词被定语从句所修饰的词或句子叫先行词，作先行词的可以是：(1)一个词(通常是名词，也可以是代词)This is the place which is worth visiting.这是值得参观的地方。
He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。
(2)一个短语Many life's problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve.许多以前可以通过询问家庭成员、朋友或者同事就能解决的生活问题，是现在的大家庭无力解决的。
(3)一个分句The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people have realized how diverse languages could be.希腊人认为，语言结构和思维过程之间存在着某种联系。
这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
(4)一个完整的句子I found an old man lying on the ground and I took him to hospital in a taxi immediately, which was why I was late that morning.我发现一个老人躺在马路上，我立即乘出租车把他送到了医院，这就是那天上午我迟到的原因。
高中语法难点-限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的判断
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的判断一．限制性定语从句在意义上有“涉他性”，而非限制性定语从句在意义上有“唯一性”试比较:I have a brother who works in a chemical works.我有一个在化工厂工作的哥哥。
(言外之言：我还有别的哥哥，他或他们不在化工厂工作)I have a brother, who works in a chemical works.我有一个哥哥,他在化工厂工作。
(暗示再没有别的哥哥了)All the books there which have pictures in them, were written by them.那儿所有有插图的书都是他们写的。
(言外之言:那儿还有没有插图的书,而那些书不是他们写的)All the books there, which have pictures in them were written by them.那儿所有的书都是他们写的，书中有插图。
(暗示那儿没有别的书了)二．当先行词为专有名词时其从句通常是非限制性的因为专有名词是某人、地方、机构等特有的名称，无需再加限定例如:Abraham Lincoln, who led the United States through these years, was murdered on April 14, 1865 at a theatre in Washington.亚伯拉罕·林肯领导美国度过了这几个年头，可他却于1865年4月14日在华盛顿的一家戏院被暗杀了。
One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza who was born in 1764. 但尼尔孟多亚是拳击史上最引人注目的人物之一,他生于1764年。
如果专有名词前有定冠词,其后的定语从句可能是限制性的，因为这时有可能特指两个或两个以上同名的专有名词中的一个。
2020年高考英语语法考点讲解与真题分析专题6：定语从句(一)附解析
2020年高考高考语法考点讲解与真题分析06定语从句（一）在主句中作定语的句子叫定语从句。
定语从句又分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
考点一定语从句关系词的选择定语从句关系词的选择是定语从句的重点和难点。
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。
关系词的选择可从两个方面入手：一是关系词在从句中所作的成分；二是先行词所指。
关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语时，用关系代词；关系词在从句中作状语时，用关系副词。
先行词指人时，关系代词用who, whom, that, whose；先行词指物时，关系代词用which, that, whose。
详见下表：1.关系代词who, whom, which, that引导定语从句关系代词who, whom, which, that在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
1. The little problems _______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. （2017北京）A.thatB. asC. whereD. when【答案】A【解析】这是一个复合句，主句是The little problems may be inspirations for great inventions，从句是_______ we meet in our daily lives。
从句修饰主句中的problem，是定语从句；关系词在从句中作meet的宾语，应用关系代词，故用that。
2．The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. （2014安徽）A. WhenB. whereC. whyD. which【答案】D【解析】这是一个复合句，主句是The exact year was 2008，从句是_______ Angela and her family spenttogether in China。
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别通用一篇
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别通用一篇限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 1限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去；非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。
在以上几个单元我们已经学习了限制性定语从句，现在把两种从句作对比学习。
一、限制性定语从句1.关系代词that既可代表事物也可代表人，which只代表事物，它们在从句中作主语或宾语。
在从句中作宾语时常可省略。
I was the only person in our office that was invited to the palace ball．The present that（which）I received last week was from my sister．This is a book which is about space rocket technology．2.关系代词who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语。
如：This is the man who helped me．The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room．3. whose是关系代词，修饰名词，作定语，相当于who和whom的所有格，既可以修饰人又可以修饰物。
如：Do you know the student whose name is Wang Fei？We lived in a room whose window opens to the west.4. where是关系副词，用来引导表示地点的定语从句，where在从句中作状语。
如：At last we arrived at a small village where we’ll work for a week.5. when是关系副词，引导定语从句表示时间，在从句中作状语。
【超实用】限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句区别
【超实用】限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句区别哎呀，你们这些学英语的小伙伴们，是不是经常被限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句搞得头晕脑胀啊？别着急，今天小编就来给你们普及一下这两个家伙的区别，让你们轻松应对英语考试，不再为这两个小东西烦恼！我们来说说限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句就是那种老是管着它前面的名词，让它不能乱跑的家伙。
它的作用就是为了限制或者说明这个名词，让我们更加清楚地了解这个名词。
比如说，我们有一句话：“我喜欢那个穿红衣服的女孩。
”这里的“穿红衣服的”就是限制性定语从句，它告诉我们这个女孩的具体特征，让我们更加清楚地知道她是谁。
非限制性定语从句就不一样了，它不是那么严格管着前面的名词，让它可以稍微自由一点。
非限制性定语从句的作用就是对前面的名词进行补充说明，但是它并不是必不可少的。
比如说，我们还有一句话：“我喜欢那个穿红衣服的女孩，她笑起来很漂亮。
”这里的“她笑起来很漂亮”就是非限制性定语从句，它对前面的女孩进行了补充说明，但是如果没有这个句子，我们也完全能够理解这句话的意思。
好了，现在你们应该知道限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别了吧？那接下来我们就来举几个例子，让大家更加深刻地记住这个知识点。
我们来看一个关于限制性定语从句的例子：“我买了一本名叫《红楼梦》的书。
”这里的“名叫《红楼梦》的”就是限制性定语从句，它告诉我们这本书的具体名称。
而如果我们把这个句子改成：“我买了一本书，名叫《红楼梦》。
”这个时候，“名叫《红楼梦》的”就变成了非限制性定语从句，因为它不再是必不可少的了。
再来看一个关于非限制性定语从句的例子：“那个会弹钢琴的女孩是我的妹妹。
”这里的“会弹钢琴的”就是非限制性定语从句，它对前面的女孩进行了补充说明。
而如果我们把这个句子改成：“我的妹妹会弹钢琴。
”这个时候，“会弹钢琴的”就变成了限制性定语从句，因为它又开始管着前面的名词了。
我们再来举一个例子：“那个站在门口的人是我爸爸。
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
她收到了老板的邀请，这是她意想不到的。
误：She received an invitation from her boss, that came as a surprise.
正：She received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise.
4. 含义不同
比较： She is my sister who is a doctor. 她是我那个当医生的姐姐。 (暗含姐姐不止一个) She is my sister ,who is a doctor. 她是我姐姐，她是当医生的。 (没表示有几个姐姐)
5. 先行词不同
限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词 或代词，而非限定性定语从句的先行词则 可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子； 另外，当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独 一无二性的普通名词时，通常要用非限定 性定语从句，而不用限制性定语从句：
study abroad. 她父亲很有钱，希望她出国学习。
(先行词为表独一无二意义的普通名词，要用非限
制性定语从句修饰)
6. 关系词不同
关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从 句中，通常不用于非限制性定语从句；另 外，在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可 以省略，而在非限定性定语从句中关系词 一律不省略。
3. 翻译不同
在翻译定语从句时，一般把限定性定 语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而 把非限定性定语从句与主句分开： He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。 I’ve invited Jim, who lives Байду номын сангаасn the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。
中的非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句的引导词和结构的对比和用法
中的非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句的引导词和结构的对比和用法非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句的引导词和结构的对比和用法在英语的语法中，定语从句是一种常见的从句类型。
它用来修饰名词或代词，增加句子的信息量和表达的准确性。
定语从句可以分为两类：非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句。
本文将介绍这两种定语从句的引导词和结构的对比和用法。
一、非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句是指它所修饰的名词或代词可以在句子中去掉，句意依然完整。
因此，非限制性定语从句一般用逗号隔开，并且它和主句之间一般不具备主谓关系。
非限制性定语从句的引导词有：who, whom, whose, which, that, 等等。
例如：1. My brother, who is a doctor, lives in New York.2. The book, which I bought yesterday, is very interesting.在这两个例子中，非限制性定语从句分别修饰的是“brother”和“book”。
如果将非限制性定语从句去掉，主句的意思依然能够表达清楚。
二、限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是指它所修饰的名词或代词在句子中不能去掉，否则句意将不完整。
限制性定语从句和主句之间有主谓关系，因此，它通常不使用逗号隔开。
限制性定语从句的引导词有：who, whom, whose, which, that, 等等。
例如：1. The man who is standing over there is my father.2. The car that I bought last week is very fast.在这两个例子中，限制性定语从句分别修饰的是“man”和“car”。
如果将限制性定语从句去掉，主句的意思将不再准确。
三、非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句的对比和用法非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句的用法上有一些区别，下面将具体进行对比：1. 逗号的使用非限制性定语从句和主句之间需要使用逗号进行分隔，限制性定语从句不使用逗号。
高考英语语法复习之限制性定语从句和非限制性定语讲义
高中英语语法复习之限制性定语从句和非限制性定语定义和用法在英语语法中，定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的句子成分，通常分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句是英语语法中两个重要的概念。
限制性定语从句是指用来修饰一个名词或代词的从句，这个从句在句子中充当定语的作用，对名词或代词起限定、说明的作用。
与之相反，非限制性定语从句通常用来进一步说明被修饰的名词或代词，起到补充说明的作用，它不能充当主语、宾语等成分，并且通常可以被省略。
限制性定语从句通常由that、which、who、whom、whose等引导词引导，也可以由as、when、where、why等引导词引导。
限制性定语从句通常与主句之间需要用逗号隔开，而且通常放在主句之后。
例如:The book, which I read last week, is really interesting.(限制性定语从句)The man, who is a doctor, can help you.(限制性定语从句)非限制性定语从句则没有这些限制，它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分，并且通常可以被省略。
非限制性定语从句通常由that、which、who、whom、whose等引导词引导，也可以用as、when、where、why等引导词引导。
例如:The book, that I read last week, is really interesting.(非限制性定语从句)The man, who is a doctor, can help you.(非限制性定语从句)需要注意的是，非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句在句子中的作用不同，因此需要根据具体情况来选择合适的定语从句类型。
限制性定语从句是先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，对先行词起修饰和限制作用，二者缺一不可。
限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句是英语语法中的两个重要概念。
定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，归纳起来，二者有以下几点不同：一、作用不同限制性定语从句与先行词的关系非常密切，是先行词不可缺少的定语，它所修饰的词代表一个（些）或一类特定的人或物 如果删去，全句的意思就会变得不明确。
而非限制性定语从句在意义上是先行词的一个附加修饰语，对先行词只起进一步补充说明的作用；若把它去掉，全句意思仍然清楚。
例如：The girl who stood in the corner just now is my you nger sister．刚才站在角落里的那个姑娘是我的妹妹。
Mary Smith，who is in the corner， wants to meet you．玛丽·史密斯在那个角落里，她想见你。
第一个例句中的定语从句指明作为主语的“姑娘”不是任何一个，而是在角落的那个。
如果去掉定语从句，表达的意思就不明确。
第二个例句已经表明主语是谁，定语从句只不过是补充说明一点情况而已。
若去掉从句，句子意思仍然完整。
二、形式不同非限制性定语从句与先行词之间通常有逗号 而限制性定语从句与先行词之间则无逗号。
例如：He’s the man who lives next door．他就是住在隔壁的那个人。
（从句不可少，从句前无逗号。
） His wife，whom you met at my house，is a teacher．他的妻子是一位老师，你在我家曾见过她。
（从句可有可无，从句前有逗号。
）三、含义不同限制性定语从句有涉他性；非限制性定语从句有唯一性。
例如：In the class there are ten students who speak Engli sh very well．这个班上有十名英语说得好的学生。
（暗示班上不只是十个学生。
）In the class there are ten students，who speak English very well．这个班上有十名学生，他们英语说得很好。
（完整版）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
（完整版）限制性定语从句和⾮限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句与⾮限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句提供有关主语或宾语的重要信息，起限定作⽤，与被修饰部分的关系紧密，如果省略该从句会使主句语义表达不完整。
例如：This is the very person that is wanted by the police.He is the man who /that lives next door.It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at the time.⾮限制性定语从句只是⽤来对被修饰部分作补充性的说明，与先⾏词关系⽐较松散，先⾏词与从句间可以⽤逗号隔开，从句可略去：He will not be able to spend the holiday with his family, which is a big annoyance to him.The minister, who is to visit our university, is said to be a Qinghua University graduate.The book, which your sister bought you in Xinhua Bookstore, isvery useful in improving your spoken English.The businessman, whose suitcase has been found by a stranger,has left for Beijing.如果定语从句的先⾏词是专有名词或是带有形容词性物主代词(my, his, etc)或形容词性指⽰代词(this, that, etc)作限定词的名词词组，其后的定语从句通常为⾮限制性的。
例如：The Thames, which is now clean enough to swim in, was polluted for over a hundred years.My mother, who has been on a visit to Australia, will fly back tomorrow.All of these books, which have been donated by visitingprofessors, are to be used by the children in Hope School.限制性定语从句的先⾏词只能是名词，代词或名词性词组，⽽⾮限制性定语从句的先⾏词除了是名词及名词性词组外，还可能是句⼦的⼀部分或是整个句⼦。