英语语法中的专业术语的翻译
☆物主代词 possessive pronoun
nominal possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词
objective possessive pronoun 形容词性物主代词
☆自身代词 self-pronoun(反身) ☆相互代词 reciprocal / pronoun eg: each other ☆指示代词 demonstrative / pronoun:this ,that ☆疑问代词 interrogative /pronoun:who ,when ,where
☆分词连词 participle conjunction:considering,given
☆短语连词 phrasaபைடு நூலகம் conjunction:as long as,in case
感叹词 interjection 缩写 int.
代词pronoun / 缩写pron.
☆人称代词 personal pronoun: ,
interjection
名词 noun // 缩写n.
☆普通名词 common noun(类名词 class noun/ 集体名词 collective noun/ 物质名词 material noun/ 抽象名词 abstract noun ) ☆专有名词 proper noun ☆可数名词 countable noun 不可数名词 uncountable noun ☆单数 singular /()/ number 复数 plural // number ☆名词的格 case of noun 主格nominative // case 宾格objective// case 所有格possessive// case
☆直陈语气 indicative mood ☆祈使语气 imperative mood ☆虚拟语气 subjunctive mood
☆词法 morphology ☆句法 syntax ☆词序 word order ☆形式主语 formal subject ☆形式宾语 formal object ☆省略 ellipsis☆倒装 inversion☆句子分析 sentence analysis ☆名词短语 noun phrase
☆完成时态 perfect // tense
现在完成时 present perfect tense
过去完成时 past perfect tense
将来完成时 future perfect tense
☆完成进行时态 perfect continuous tense
过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense
现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense ☆时态一致 sequence of tenses
语态 voice
☆主动语态 active voice
☆被动语态 passive voice
语气 mood
☆疑问副词 interrogative / adverb
☆关系副词 relative adverb
☆连接副词 conjunctive adverb:otherwise,however
动词的基本形式 principal forms of the verb
☆动词原形 root form of the verb
☆复合介词 compound preposition:in advance of,on account of,due to,prior to ☆二重介词 double preposition:from behind,until after ☆短语介词 phrasal preposition:according to,because of VS介词短语(for the trip) ☆分词介词 participle preposition: including,preceding(之前),following(之后)
The Translation of Professional Terms in English Grammar
实词 notional word
noun pronoun verb adjective adverb
numeral 虚词 form word
article preposition conjunction
☆代词短语 pronominal phrase
☆形容词短语 adjectival phrase ☆动词短语 verb phrase ☆副词短语 adverbial phrase
☆谓语 predicate / 谓语动词 predicate verb
☆表语 predicative /
☆宾语 objective ☆定语 attribute
☆状语 adverbial ☆同位语 apposition
☆句子的独立成分 independent elements of the sentence ☆插入语 parenthetical statement
☆过去式 past tense form
规则动词 regular verb
不规则动词 irregular verb ☆过去分词 past participle ☆现在分词 present participle ☆ 时态 tense
句子成分 members of the sentence
☆主语 subject /
形容词 adjective/ 缩写adj.
☆比较等级 degrees of comparison
☆原级 positive degree
☆比较级 comparative degree
☆最高级 superlative degree
副词 adverb 缩写adv.
☆普通副词 ordinary adverb
☆等立连词 coordinative conjunction: both ...and
从属连词 subordinative conjunction:because ,since,as
☆简单连词 simple conjunction:and ,or ,but,when
☆关连连词 correlative conjunction:although,though
☆关系代词 relative pronoun:that ,when ,how,why
☆不定代词 indefinite pronoun eg: some something ……
介词 preposition / 缩写 prep.
☆简单介词 simple preposition:in,on ,under,above
☆定语从句 attributive clause ☆状语从句 adverbial clause
时态 tense
☆时间 time ☆方面 aspect ☆一般时态 indefinite tense 一般现在时 present indefinite tense 一般过去时 past indefinite tense 一般将来时 future indefinite tense 一般过去将来时 future-in-the-past indefinite tense ☆进行时态 continuous tense 现在进行时 present continuous tense 过去进行时 past continuous tense 将来进行时 future continuous tense 过去将来进行时 future-in-the-past continuous tense
冠词 article / 缩写art.
☆定冠词 definite(肯定的、确切的) article
不定冠词 indefinite article
数词 numeral /缩写num.
☆基数词 cardinal numeral 序数词 ordinal numeral
连词 conjunction / 缩写 conj.
并列句compound sentence和复合句 complex sentence
☆关联词 connective
☆主语从句 subject clause
☆表语从句 predicative clause
☆宾语从句 objective clause
☆直接引语 direct speech
间接引语 indirect speech
英语语法中常用词翻译
立身以立学为先,立学以读书为本1. prepositions [,prɛpə'zɪʃən]n. [语] 介词;系词(preposition的复数)2. passive voice被动态,被动式3. Passive ['pæsɪv]adj. 被动的,消极的;被动语态的;n. 被动语态4. past perfect(动词的)过去完成时5. Simple ['sɪmp(ə)l]adj. 简单的;单纯的;天真的;n. 笨蛋;愚蠢的行为;出身低微者;n. (Simple)人名;(法)桑普勒6. conditional sentences条件句(conditional sentence的复数)7. type [taɪp]n. 类型,品种;模范;样式;n. (Type)人名;(英)泰普;vt. 打字;测定(血等)类型;vi. 打字8. question tags反意疑问句9. tags [tægz]n. 标签;(机动车)牌照;称呼(tag 的复数)v. 附加;加标签于;给…起绰号(tag 的单三形式)10. possessivesn. 所有格(possessive的复数)11. modalsn. 情态动词(modal的复数形式)12. articlesn. [语] 文章;物品;[法] 条款(article的复数);[语] 冠词v. 使受协议条款的约束;指控(article的三单形式)13. pronounsn. 代词;[语] 代名词14. emphatic [ɪm'fætɪk; em-]adj. 着重的;加强语气的;显著的15. reflexive [rɪ'fleksɪv]n. 反身代词;反身动词;adj. 反身的;[物] 反射的16. present perfect progressive现在完成进行时17. present ['prez(ə)nt]n. 现在;礼物;瞄准;adj. 现在的;出席的;vt. 提出;介绍;呈现;赠送;vi. 举枪瞄准18. perfect ['pɜːfɪkt]n. 完成式;n. (Perfect)人名;(英)珀费克特;adj. 完美的;最好的;精通的;vt. 使完美;使熟练19. progressive [prə'gresɪv]n. 改革论者;进步分子;adj. 进步的;先进的20. past simple一般过去时21. simple ['sɪmp(ə)l]n. 笨蛋;愚蠢的行为;出身低微者n. (Simple)人名;(法)桑普勒adj. 简单的;单纯的;天真的22. Present Perfect Simple23. object ['ɒbdʒɪkt; -dʒekt]n. 目标;物体;客体;宾语vt. 提出…作为反对的理由vi. 反对;拒绝24. comparison [kəm'pærɪs(ə)n]n. 比较;对照;比喻;比较关系25. adverbsn. [语] 副词(adverb的复数)26. adjectivesn. [语] 形容词(adjective的复数)27. simple past(动词的)一般过去式28. past progressive过去进行体;过去进行时29. present progressive现在进行时时 | 现在进行体 | 现在进行式30. present simple一般现在时31. imperative [ɪm'perətɪv]n. 需要;命令;祈使语气;规则;adj.必要的,势在必行的;命令的;紧急的32. personal ['pɜːs(ə)n(ə)l]n. 人事消息栏;人称代名词;adj. 个人的;身体的;亲自的33. possessive [pə'zesɪv]adj. 占有的;所有的;所有格的;占有欲强的n. 所有格34. formsn. 表格(form的复数形式);表单;窗体;v. 形成(form的第三人称单数);培养;制作35. case [keɪs]n. 情况;实例;箱;vt. 包围;把…装于容器中;n. (Case)人名;(英)凯斯;(西)卡塞;(法)卡斯36. countable ['kaʊntəb(ə)l]n. 可数名词;可数的东西;adj. 可计算的;能算的37. uncountable noun不可数名词38. plural form复数形式39. ordinal numbers序数词,[数] 序数40. ordinal ['ɔːdɪn(ə)l]n. [数] 序数;adj. 顺序的,依次的41. reflexive pronouns反身代词42. future tense未来式;将来时态43. future ['fjuːtʃə]n. 未来;前途;期货;将来时adj. 将来的,未来的44. tense [tens]n. 时态;adj. 紧张的;拉紧的;vt. 变得紧张;使拉紧;vi. 拉紧,变得紧张45. plural ['plʊər(ə)l]n. 复数;adj. 复数的46. past simple tense一般过去时47. negative ['negətɪv]adj. [数] 负的;消极的;否定的;阴性的n. 否定;负数;[摄] 底片vt. 否定;拒绝48. interrogative [,ɪntə'rɒgətɪv]adj. 疑问的;质问的;n. 疑问词49. continuous [kən'tɪnjʊəs]adj. 连续的,持续的;继续的;连绵不断的50. affirmative [ə'fɜːmətɪv]n. 肯定语;赞成的一方adj. 肯定的;积极的51. possessive adjectives物主形容词52. plurals[语] 复数53. quantify ['kwɒntɪfaɪ]vt. 确定…的数量;用数量表示;测量,计量;量化(把质的变为量的):;【军事】估算54. wh-questions特殊疑问句55. possessive pronouns物主代词;所有格代名词(possessive pronoun的复数)56. synonyms ['sinənimz]n. [语] 同义词,同义字;同一性(synonym的复数)57. antonymsn. [语] 反义词(antonym的复数形式);反义字58. conjunctions ['kəndʒʌnkʃəns]n. 连词;[语] 连接词;[数] 合取(conjunction的复数形式)59. contractionsn. 收缩;缩略形式(contraction的复数)。
修改名词:英语语法领域专业术语
修改名词:英语语法领域专业术语英语语法领域的专业术语在翻译和使用中有时会有一些不一致和模糊的地方。
本文档旨在对一些常见的英语语法领域专业术语进行修改和统一,以提高术语的准确性和易读性。
一、动词相关术语1. Infinitive Infinitive- 修改为:不定式不定式2. Gerund Gerund- 修改为:动名词动名词3. Present participle Present participle- 修改为:现在分词现在分词4. Past participle Past participle- 修改为:过去分词过去分词5. Modal verb Modal verb- 修改为:情态动词情态动词二、名词相关术语1. Noun Noun- 修改为:名词名词- 修改为:普通名词普通名词3. Proper noun Proper noun- 修改为:专有名词专有名词4. Countable noun Countable noun- 修改为:可数名词可数名词5. Uncountable noun Uncountable noun - 修改为:不可数名词不可数名词6. Concrete noun Concrete noun- 修改为:具体名词具体名词7. Abstract noun Abstract noun- 修改为:抽象名词抽象名词8. Collective noun Collective noun- 修改为:集体名词集体名词- 修改为:复合名词复合名词三、形容词相关术语1. Adjective Adjective- 修改为:形容词形容词- 修改为:比较级形容词比较级形容词3. Superlative adjective Superlative adjective - 修改为:最高级形容词最高级形容词4. Demonstrative adjective Demonstrative adjective - 修改为:指示形容词指示形容词5. Possessive adjective Possessive adjective- 修改为:所有形容词所有形容词四、副词相关术语1. Adverb Adverb- 修改为:副词副词- 修改为:比较级副词比较级副词3. Superlative adverb Superlative adverb- 修改为:最高级副词最高级副词4. Degree adverb Degree adverb- 修改为:程度副词程度副词5. Interrogative adverb Interrogative adverb- 修改为:疑问副词疑问副词6. Relative adverb Relative adverb- 修改为:关系副词关系副词以上是对英语语法领域一些常见专业术语的修改建议,以期能够在翻译和学习中准确表达意思并提升可读性。
7-法律英语翻译汇总
在任一缔约国提出的保护发明的申请都可以 按照本条约规定提出国际申请。 Applications for the protection of inventions in any of the Contracting States may be filed as international applications under this Treaty.
• A:判断语,根据价值或事实所 作出的判断。 • Acquit • Calculate • Describe • Analyze • Estimate • Assess • characterize
• B:裁定语,表示赞成或反对某 事或某过程。 • Order • Command • Direct • Recommend • Appoint • Dismiss • Nominate • Declare • Announce • Warn • proclaim
• Unless otherwise provided for herein, failure or delay on the part of any party to exercise any right, power or privilege under this Agreement shall not operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege preclude further exercise thereof or exercise of any other right, power or privilege.
语言明确,2)条理清晰,3)行文严谨,4)符合规 范格式。
英语语法术语及翻译
英语语法术语及翻译morphology 词法notional 实词r o t 词根synonym 同义词derivation 派生法compound 复合词pr o no un代词verb 动词preposition 介词particle 引导词common noun 普通名词词material noun 物质名词form word 虚词word-building 构词法prefix 前缀suffix 后缀antonym 反义词conversion 转化法affixation 词缀法c omposition 合成法parts of speech 词类noun 名词numeral 数词adjective 形容词adverb 副词article冠词conjunction 连词interjection 感叹词classification of nouns 名词的分类proper noun 专有名词collective noun 集合名abstract noun 抽象名词countable noun 可数名词personal pronoun 人称代词possessive pronoun 物主代词reflexive pronoun 反身代词interrogative p r o n o un疑问代demonstrative pronoun 指示代词词relative pronoun 关系代词indefinite pronoun 不定代词reciprocal pronoun 相互代词 case 格nominative case 主格objective case 宾格possessive case 所有格singular form 单数形式plural form 复数形式cardinal numeral 基数词ordinal numeral 序数词fraction numeral 分数数词degrees of comparison 比较级positive degree 原级comparative degree 比较级superlative degree 最高级notional verb 实义动词 modal verb 情态动词link verb 连系动词auxiliary verb 助动词transitive verb 及物动词intransitive verb 不及物动词 regular verb 规则动词irregular verb 不规则动词 finite verb 限定动词non-finite verb 非限定动词person 人称number 数gender 性tense 时态voice 语态mood 语气principal forms o f verbs 动词的主要形式present form 现在形式past form 过去形式participle 分词present participle 现在分词past participle 过去分词infinitive 不定式gerund 动名词verbal noun 动名词simple present tense 一般现在时simple past tense 一般过去时simple future tense 一般将来时present continuous tense 现在进行时past continuous tense 过去进行时future continuous tense 将来进行时past perfect tense 过去完成时future perfect tense 将来完成时present perfect continuous tense 现在完成进行时future perfect continuous tense 将来完成进行时sequence of tenses 时态的呼应passive voice 被动语态active voice 主动语态indicative mood 陈述语气imperative mood 祈使语气subjunctive mood 虚拟语气adverb of time 时间副词adverb of place 地点副词adverb of manner 方式副词adverb o f degr e 程度副词adverb of frequency 频度副词conjunctive adverb 连接副词definite article定冠词indefinite article不定冠词coordinating conjunction 并列连词subordinating conjunction 从属连词syntax 句法declarative sentence 陈述句imperative sentence 祈使句exclamatory sentence 感叹句interrogative sentence 疑问句general question 一般疑问句special question 特殊疑问句alternative question 选择疑问句disjunctive question 反意疑问句simple sentence 简单句compound sentence 并列句complex sentence 复合句compound complex sentence并列复合句elliptical sentence省略句elements of the sentence 句子成分subject 主语predicate 谓语predicative 表语attribute 定语adverbial 状语modifier状语appositive 同位语independent element 独立成分limiting attribute 限定性定语descriptive attribute 描绘性定语simple predicate 简单谓语compound predicate 复合谓语direct object 直接宾语indirect object 间接宾语complex object 复合宾语cognate object 同源宾语direct address 呼语parenthesis 插入语appended element 附加成分inserted element 插入成分direct speech 直接引语indirect speech 间接引语absolute construction 独立结构phrase 短语participial phrase 分词短语prepositional phrase 介词短语infinitive phrase 不定式短语verb phrase 动词短语clause 从句main clause 主句subordinate clause 从句subject clause 主语从句object clause 宾语从句predicative clause 表语从句attributive clause 定语从句appositive clause 同位语从句adverbial clause 状语从句restrictive attributive clause 限制性定语从句non-restrictive attributive clause 非限制性定语从句natural word-order 自然语序inverted word-order 倒装语序inversion 倒装ellipsis 省略transformation of sentence 句型的转换 analysis of sentence 句子分析punctuation marks 标点符号period 句号full stop 句号question mark 问号exclamation mark 感叹号comma 逗号semicolon 分号colon 冒号dash 破折号hyphen 连字号quotation marks 引号parenthesis 括号apostrophe 撇号(所有号,重音号,省字号)。
专业词语的翻译
专业词语的翻译一、专业词汇的翻译在科技文体的翻译中,要注意到有一些词是具有某一专业特殊涵义的专业词汇,即通常所说的科学术语一般具单义性,但另外一些则是多学科的专业词汇,在不同学科的学术文章中意义不同,还有一些是常用词被某些学科借用后形成的专业词汇。
如probe原指“探索,探查,调查”,现在生物学和医学中译为“探针”,表示于某种特异靶分子相互作用,作用后用于检测的分子,尤指用于DN A-RNA或DNA-DNA杂交检测中的放射性DNA或RNA分子。
物理学中译为“探极,探头,探针”,航天科学中译作“探测器,探测飞船”,工程学科中译作“传感器,取样器”。
另临床医学中译作“子宫探子”。
这种在英语中将旧词赋新义或同一词多专业化的倾向在汉语中是不存在的,译者应加以注意。
译者一方面应积极学习专业知识,深刻理解原文,根据逻辑关系或上下文内容来推测所属学科领域与部类,选择恰当的专业词语对应译出,另一方面也应勤查专业词典,用约定俗成的、规范的译名给出,最忌在上下文中随意改变,引起意义混乱。
半科技词是指不仅在日常生活中大量使用,也在科技英语中大量使用的词汇,但其含义却可能不尽相同。
如part通常的含义是“部分”,但其用于机械方面表示“零件”,其它如strength(力量;强度)、concentration(集中;浓度)、formulation(阐述;公式化)等。
二、构词法与新词翻译科技英语的新词层出不穷,除上述两种手段(将旧词赋新义或同一词多专业化使用)外,另一个方法就是利用构词法,构成丰富的新词。
译者对于构词法的了解是理解和翻译新词的一项重要的基本功。
从语义角度讲,词并非语言的最小有意义的结构单位。
这种单位称为形位(m orpheme)。
形位分实义形位或自由形位(相当于词根)及语法形位或粘附形位(相当于词缀)两种,如teacher和hopeful中teach和hope为实义形位,–er和-ful为语法形位。
英语词干除非派生词干(只含一个独立使用的实义形位,是不可分析的,也称之为隐性词,如axe、glove等),外,多数为派生词干,由一个实义形位与一个语法形位或另一个实义形位构成,是可以分析和推测其词义的,也称之为显性词,如chopper、doorman等。
英语语法中的专业术语的翻译
感叹词 interjection 缩写 int.
代词pronoun 缩写pron.
名词 noun 缩写n.
☆普通名词 common noun (集体名词 collective noun/个体名词 individual noun
物质名词 material noun/ 抽象名词 abstract noun ) ☆专有名词 proper noun
☆可数名词 countable noun 不可数名词 uncountable noun
关联词 connective
从句 clause
从属句 subordinate clause
并列句 coordinate clause
☆名词从句 nominal clause
主语从句 subject clause
宾语从句 objective clause
表语从句 predicative clause
同位语从句 oppositive clause
定冠词 definite article 不定冠词 indefinite article
☆数词 numeral 缩写num.
基数词 cardinal numeral 序数词 ordinal numeral
连词 conjunction 缩写 conj.
☆并列连词 coordinating conjunction 从属连词 subordinating conjunction
☆定语从句 attributive clause
(完整版)英语专业术语
常用英语语法术语表语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structrural word名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret moun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possecive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun 形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition 真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentwence否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence 感叹句exclamatory sentence基本句型basic sentence patern句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntatic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation 语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression英国英语British English美国英语American English用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic英语教学方法Situational Approach 情景教学法the Audio-Lingual Approach 听说教学法the Audio-visual Approach 视听教学法the Communicative Approach 交际法community language teaching 交际教学法Total Physical Response (TPR) 全身反应法Direct-viewing demonstration teaching method 直观演示法Task-based approach 任务教学法the Feeling Teaching Method 情感教学法Grammar-translation approach 语法翻译法。
医学英语翻译
医学含义 白内障
结肠
阵发, 痉挛
滴注
抑郁症
宿主
肿块,肿瘤
休克
齿龈
第七页,编辑于星期六:十八点 四十分。
More samples
1. 1. Asthma(哮喘) is not a disease entity but one form of clinical presentation of a variety of disorders
医学英语语法结构特点
1 . 大量使用名词化结构。 大量使用名词化结构( Nominalization ) 是医学英语 的特点之一, 因为医学文体要求行文简洁、表达客 观、内容确切、信息量大、强调存在的事实, 而非 某一行为。
第十六页,编辑于星期六:十八点 四十分。
Sample 1a. The molecules of substance are moving about all
一个体态臃肿的人因昨晚酗酒而呈现痛苦面容与呼吸困难的危 急状况。
第四页,编辑于星期六:十八点 四十分。
sample 3: As term approaches, there is a good
possibility of complications. term:学期、期间、术语: 预产期、足孕 译: 随着预产期的临近,并发症发生的可能性极 大。
a relatively routine technique in many laboratories, it is unlikely that such methods will be expended to human embryos, both for moral and technical reasons. 目前,尽管在许多实验室里,培养携带异体基因 的转基因动物已成为一项常规技术,但由于伦理 和技术方面的原因,这项技术还不可能扩展应用 到人体胚胎。
语言学术语大全专业英语词汇(2)
语言学术语大全专业英语词汇(2)语言学术语:词汇a lexeme词位a lexical item词条a minimum free form最小自由形式a unit of vocabulary词汇单位abbreviation缩写法acronym首字母缩写法addition添加adjective endocentric compound形容词性向心复合词affix词缀analogical creation类比构词法assimilation同化associative relations联想关系back-formation逆序造次/逆构词法blending混成法borrowing借词法bound morpheme黏着词素bound root morpheme黏着词根词素broadening词义扩大calque仿造词语cardinal number基数central determiners中置限定词class shift词性变换clipping截断法closed-class words封闭类词coinage/invention新创词语compound复合词contact assimilation接触性同化contiguous assimilation临近性同化contracted form缩写形式conversion变换/变码derivational affix派生词缀derivational morphemes派生语素derivation派生词determiners限定词distant assimilation远距离同化domain范围/领域endocentric compound向心复合词exocentric compound离心复合词finite element有定成分finiteness定式folk etymology俗词源free morpheme自由词素frequency count词频统计grammatical words(function words)语法词/功能词hierarchy层次性infix中缀inflectional affix屈折词缀inflectional morphemes屈折语素invariable words不变词lexical words(content words)词汇词/实义词lexicogrammar词汇语法lexis/vocabulary词汇表liaison连音loan translation翻译借词loanblend混合借词loanshift转移借词loanword借词logogram语标loss脱落meaning shift意义转移meaning shift词义转移metanalysis再分化metathesis换位monosyllabic单音节morpheme词素morpheme语素morpheme语素morphemic structure语素结构morphological change形态变化morphological conditioned形态的限制morphology形态学morphonology形态语音学morphophomemics形态音位学morpho-syntactic change形态-句法变化multisemous多种意义narrowing词义缩小nominal endocentric compound名词性向心复合词non- contiguous assimilation非临近性同化nonomorphemic words单语素词non-productivity/unproductive非多产性obviative(that)远指代词opened-class words开放类词ordinal number序数词orthographic change拼写的变化paradigmatic relations聚合关系paradigm聚合体particles小品词passive vocabulary消极词汇phoneme音位phonological conditioned音位的限制phonological structure音素结构polymorphemic words多语素词polysyllabic多音节post determiners后置限定词predeterminers前置限定词prefix前缀pro-adjective(so)代形容词pro-adverb(so)代动词pro-form代词形式pro-locative(there)代处所词/代方位词pro-verb(do/did)代副词proximate(this)近指代词register语域relative uninterruptibility相对连续性root morpheme词根语素root词根semantic change语义变化semiotics符号学sequential relations序列关系split infinitives分裂不定式(She was told to regularly classes) stem词干suffix后缀syntactical change句法变化syntagmatic relations组合关系synthetic compound综合性复合词the maximum free form最大自由形式theory of least effort省力理论variable words可变词verbal compound动词性复合词word class词类word-formation构词语言学术语:句法a principle system原则系统a rule system规则系统ablative离格accessible subject可及主语accusative宾格across the board extraction抽取跨界移动actor动作者actual sentence division实义句子切分法adjunction加接affix hopping词缀越位anaphor照应语animate noun有生名词appellative/vocative function称呼功能arbitrariness任意性articulatory-perceptual system发音-听音系统aspect checking特征验证aspect feature基本体貌特征aspect体ASPP is functional projection .ASPP 是功能投射associative relationship联想关系asymmetric c-command不对称成分统制autosyn/autogram/autoknow语法自主binding domain约束语域binding约束bipartition二分法Bloomfield priori先天综合判断(康德Kant) Cartesian linguistics笛卡尔语言学派case格categories语类C-commanding condition成分统领条件checking domain检验区域communicative dynamism (CD)交际动力complement domain补足语区域complement IP=屈折短语conative function意欲功能concatenate联结conceptual-intentional system概念-意旨系统concord/agreement一致关系/协同关系constituent command(C-command for short)成分统制constituent morphemes成分规则constituent成分construction结构体Context culture 文化语境coordinate construction并列结构core computation核心运算covert component隐性部分crossing branch交叉分支CS(computational system)计算系统dative movement与格移位dative与格determiner限定词empiricism经验主义(洛克,白板说)empty category principle空范畴原则empty subject空主语endocentric/headed construction向心结构/中心结构exceptional case marking例外格标记existential process生存过程exocentric construction离心结构expressive function表情功能Extended Standard theory (EST)扩展的标准理论external functionalism外部功能主义extreme functionalism极端的功能主义fall-category maximal projection全语类的最大投射Field语场full-interpretation完全解释原则functional parameterization hypothesis功能参数设定假设functional sentence perspective功能句子观gender性genitive属格government支配关系government管辖greed句法操作自利原则head parameter中心语参数hierarchical structure层级结构ideational function概念功能immediate constituent analysis(IC analysis for short)直接成分分析法imperative祈使语气imperfective未完成indicative直陈语气INFL(inflection)形态变化。
英语词汇学术语翻译
英语词汇学术语翻译 Ting Bao was revised on January 6, 20021T e r m i n o l o g y T r a n s l a t i o n s o n l e x i c o l o g y英语词汇学术语翻译Aacronym 首字母拼音词acronymy 首字母拼音法addition 增词adjective compound 复合形容词affective meaning 感情意义affix 词缀affixation 词缀法Albanian 阿尔巴尼亚语(族)aliens 非同化词alliteration 头韵(法)allomorph 词素(形位)变体ambiguity 歧义amelioration of meamng 词义的升华analogy 类推analytic language 分析性语言antithsis 对偶antonym 反义词antonymy 反义关系appreciative term 褒义词archaic word 古词archaism 古词语argot 隐语(黑话)Armenian 亚美尼亚语(族)Associated transfer 联想转移association 联想associative meanings 关联意义Bback-formation 逆生法back clipping 词尾截短Balto-Slavic 波罗斯拉夫语(族)bilinguall 双语的basic word stock 基本词汇blend 拼缀词blending 拼缀法borrowed word 借词bound form粘着形式bound morpheme 粘着语素(形位)bound root 粘着词根Ccasual style 随便文体catchPhrase 时髦语Celtic 凯尔特语(族)central meaning 中心意义Clipping 截短法collocability 搭配能力collocation 搭配collocative meaning 搭配意义colloquialism 口语词(口语体)complete synonym 完全同义词complex word 复杂词composition 复合法compound 复合词compounding 复合法concatenation 连锁型concept 概念conceptual meaning 概念意义connotation 内涵connotative meanins 内涵意义constituent 要素.成分consultative style 交谈体(咨询体)content word 实义词context 语境contradictory term矛盾反义词contrary terms 对立反义词conversion 转类法couplet 成对词Dde-adjective 由形容词转化的de-adjectival 由形容词转化的degradation of meaning 词义的降格deletion 减词denizen 同化同denominal 由名词转化的denotation外延denotative meaning 外延意义derivation 派生法derivational affiX 派生词缀derivative 派生词derived meaning 派生意义derogatory sense 贬义desk dictionary 案头词典deverbal noun 由动词转化的名词deverbal suffix 加于动词的后缀diachronic approach 历时角度dialectal word 方言词discipline 学科dismembering 肢解distribution分布doublet 成对词duplication of synonyms 同义词并举Fformal 正式的free form 自由形式free morpheme 自由语素(形位)free root 自由词根frontclipping 首部截短front and back clipping 首尾部截短frozen style 拘谨体full conversion 完全转换functional shift 功能转换Ggeneralisation of meaning 词义的扩大Germanic 日耳曼语族grammatical meaning 语法意义gradable adjective 等级形容词grammatical context 语法语境grammatical feature 语法特征graphology 书写法;图解法HHellenic 希腊语族heterogeneous 多质的highly-inflected 高度屈折化的homograph 同形异义词homonym 同形同音异义词homonymy 同形同音异义关系homphone 同音异义词hyperonym 上义(位)词hyponym 下义(位)词hyponymy 上下义(位)关系Iidiom 习语idiomatic expression 习惯表达idiomaticity 习语程度Indo-European Language Family 印欧语系Indo-Iranian 印伊语族inflection 屈折变化inflectional affix 屈折词缀intensity of meaning 意义强度initialism 首字母缩略词intermediate member 中间成分intimate style 亲昵语体Italic 意大利语族Jj uxtaposition of antonyms反义词并置L1exical context 词汇语境lexical item 词汇项目lexicography 词典学lexicology 词汇学lexis 词汇linguistic context 语言语境literary 书面的loan word 借词lexical meaning 词汇意义Mmarked term有标记项metaphor 暗喻metonymy 换喻monolingual 单语的morph 形素monomorphemic 单语素的monosemic 单义的morpheme 词素(形位)morphological structure 形态结构morphology 形态学motivation 理据motivated 有理据的Nnative word 本族语词neoclassical 新古典词的neologism 新词语notional word 实义词Oobjective meaning 客观意义obsolete 废弃词onomatopoeic motivation 拟声理据Orthographic feature 拼写特征PPartial conversion 部分转化Pejoration 贬义化Perpect homonym 同形同音异义词phonetic feature 语音特征phono1ogical 音位学的phonology 音位学phrasal verb 短语动词phrase clipping 短语截短pocket dictionary 袖珍词典polysemic 多义的polysemous 多义的polysemant 多义词polysemantic 多义的polysemy 多义关系pormanteau word 拼级词positionshifting 移位prefix 前缀prefixation 前缀法primary meaning 原始意义productivity 多产性pun 双关语Rradiation 辐射range of meaning 词义范围reduplication 重叠referent 所指物reference 所指关系referential meaning 所指意义regional variety 地域变体register 语域reiteration(意义)重复。
