初二下学期期中考试复习题
四川省成都市树德中学2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试题
树德中学初2022级初二下学期期中测试英语试题A卷（共100分）第一部分听力（共30小题；计30分）一、听句子，根据所听到的内容选择正确答语。
每小题念两遍。
（共5小题，每小题1分；计5分）（）1.A.OK,I will. B.I think so. C.It tastes bad.（）2.A.You’re welcome. B.Idon’t agree. C.That’sOK（）3.A.Good day! B.Good idea! C.Good job!（）4.A.On the phone. B.It doesn’t matter. C.You’re right.（）5.A.Sounds bad. B.Goodluck. C.Don’t worry.二、听句子，选择与所听句子内容相符合的图片，并将代表图片的字母填涂在答题卡的相应位置。
每小题念两遍。
（共5小题，每小题1分；计5分）6.7.8.9.10.三、听对话，根据对话内容及问题选择正确答案。
每段对话念两遮。
（共10小题，每小题1分；计10分）（）11.A.Clean his room B.Play the game. C.Takeout the rubbish.（）12.A.In his office. B.At a park. C.At a supermarket.（）13.A.Because Alan argued with him.B.Because Alan copied his homework.C.Because he disliked doing homework.（）14.A.Three times a week. B.Twice a week C.Everyday.（）15.A.Listening to music.B.Cooking dinner. C.Doing homework.（）16.A.By having a food festival B.By having a concert C.By having a book sale.（）17.A.Rainy. B.Sunny. C.Windy.（）18.A.At9:00p.m. B.At8:30p.m. C.At8:45p.m.（）19.A.Father and daughter. B.Sister and brother. C.Classmates.（）20.A.Helpful. B.Boring. C.Difficult.四、听短文，根据短文内容完成表格中所缺信息，并将答案填写在答题卡相应题号后。
2022-2023学年八年级语文下学期期中期末考前单元复习+专项练习+模拟金卷(部编版)原卷版
2022-2023学年八年级语文下学期期中期末考前总复习期中模拟金卷（二）（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）评卷人得分一、字词书写1．下图书法作品的内容是两句古诗，请用规范汉字把它完整地抄写在横线上，并加上标点。
____________________________________________2．阅读文段，在横线处填写相应的词语，在括号中给加点字注音。
宇宙山河烂漫，生活点滴温暖，都藏在我们读过的书、走过的路里。
小伙伴们去看社戏时快乐的心情，浸润在那jiǎo _____洁温柔的月色中；诗人重回延安喜悦的心情，激荡在那首风情浓郁的信天游中。
鼓声震天，彰显出磅bó _____气势；灯笼火把，照亮了家国情怀。
草长莺飞，经历过宇宙洪荒；岁月流shì _____，追溯．_____着时间力量。
对于宇宙来说，我们是沧海一粟，但是对于我们自己来说，那些打动我们的瞬间，是记忆中不褪．_____色的永远。
评卷人得分二、选择题3．对病句的修改不正确的一项是（）A．把人民群众生命安全放在第一位，这充分体现了中国共产党人全心全意为人民服务。
（句后添加“的价值追求”）B．作为年轻一代，我们要担负起发扬、继承中华民族优秀传统文化的责任。
（将“责任”改为“使命”）C．教师认为，能否有效发挥家长教育主体作用是做好特殊时期学生家庭教育的关键。
（去掉“能否”）D．华中师大心理学院疫情防控心理援助平台，上线首日接待了超过100多位来访者。
（去掉“超过”或“多”）4．下面句子中的标点符号，运用正确的一项是（）A．“学习就怕‘认真’二字。
”张老师说：“‘态度决定一切’，确实很有道理。
”B．同样一件事，有人从前面看，有人从后面看；有人放大了看，有人缩小了看；看问题的角度不同，感受就不同。
C．二十余年，北斗全球星座布局圆满完成。
从第一颗试验卫星到“收官之星”，全部在西昌卫星发射中心发射升空。
D．自然之美是一切艺术美的源头，正如古人所云“天地有大美而无言。
淮安市盱眙县2022-2023学年第二学期初二数学期中考试试卷及答案
18
a
围棋类
14
0．28
喜剧类
8
0．16
国画类
b
0．20
根据以上信息完成下列问题： （1）直接写出频数分布表中 a 的值； （2）补全频数分布条形图； （3）若全校共有学生 1500 名，估计该校最喜爱围棋的学生大约有多少人？
21．已知，如图，在 ABCD 中， E, F 是对角线 BD 上的两点，且 BF DE ．求证： AE CF ．
22．如图，▱ABCD 中，点 E、F 分别在 AB、CD 上，且 BE=DF，EF 与 AC 相交于点 P，求证：PA=PC．
23．如图，菱形 ABCD 中，AE⊥BC 于点 E，∠BAE=30°，AD=4cm． （1）求菱形 ABCD 的各角的度数； （2）求 AE 的长．
24．如图，BN、CM 分别是△ABC 的两条高，点 D、点 E 分别是 BC、MN 的中点．
（3）试估算口袋中黑、白两种颜色的球各有多少只？
20．某校为更好地开展“传统文化进校园”活动，随机抽查了部分学生，了解他们最喜爱的传统文化项目类型
（分为书法、围棋、戏剧、国画共 4 类），并将统计结果绘制成如图不完整的频数分布表及频数分布条形图．
最喜爱的传统文化项目类型频数分布表
项目类型
频数
频率
书法类
任意摸出 1 个球，摸出白球可能性______摸出黄球可能性．（填“等于”或“小于”或“大于”）．
12．在 ABCD 中， A C 220 ，则 B =____°．
13．在菱形 ABCD 中， AC 6 ， BD 8 ，则菱形 ABCD 的周长是_______．
14．如图，已知矩形 ABCD，P、R 分别是 BC 和 DC 上的点，E、F 分别是 PA，PR 的中点．如果 DR=3， AD=4，则 EF 的长为______．
初二下学期期中考试(英语)试题含答案
初二下学期期中考试（英语）（考试总分：90 分）一、完形填空（本题共计1小题，总分10分）1.（10分）As for teenagers, maybe we all have hobbies. It is a good thing a person gets from childhood.We are able to 1.______ our hobbies at any age, however, best to get from childhood. We all do some kinds of work according to our interest which can giveus2.______.A hobby is something we completely enjoy in our free time.My hobbies are reading and gardening.3.______,I always prefer gardening. I work daily in my garden for4.______hour to take care of it. Gardening makes my whole day peaceful. Every early morning I enjoy5.______plants slowly. I have prepared beautiful flowerbeds in every corner of the garden and planted colorful seasonal flowers. My favorite things are watching plants and watering them. I also try planting 6.______ in order to make the garden special. It is a wonderful place where I spend7.______time with my parents.I'm 15 years old now. I want to continue my favorite hobbies till the end of my life. They would keep me busy, happy and away from all stress of the daily life. My parents always encourage me to continue my hobbies. They become so satisfied8.______I take my problems in easy ways and try to solve them 9.______ getting angry. My mom says that gardening is a better hobby than10.______ones because we give life to someone through watering and planting new plants. I really feel a great sense of achievement and get to know the fact of life.1.A.realize B.consider C.develop D.raise2.A.surprise B.joy C.anger D.worry3.A.However B.But C.Although D.Maybe4.A.a B.the C.an D./5.A.grow B.grew C.to grow D.growing6.A.anything new B.anything common C.something commonD.something new7.A.happy B.happily C.unhappy D.happiness8.A.Which B.when C.that D.as9.A.with B.through C.under D.without10.A.other B.the other C.another D.others二、阅读理解（本题共计2小题，总分20分）2.（10分）（1）.Who might have the problems above?A.ParentsB.StudentsC.TeachersD.Doctors（2）.According to the reading, what may be caused by playing computer games?A.Disliking exercise.B.Having no interest in study.C.Feeling stressedD.Getting fat.（3）.If Jack is getting fat, he'd better______.A.do more exerciseB.play less computer gamesC.make more friendsD.do less homework（4）.Paul often fights with others. Maybe he______.A.doesn't make a plan for studyB.doesn't read in a correct wayC.doesn't know how to get along with othersD.doesn't have good study habits（5）.______is good for protecting eyes.A.Playing computer games for a short timeB.Doing meaningful thingsC.Learning how to make friendsD.Reading and writing in a correct way3.（10分）Once Bear had a long tail. It was very proud and it was not friendly to other animals. "My tail is the most beautiful in the world." said Bear.Fox looked at Bear. "I will play a trick on Bear," he thought.It was a cold winter day, but Fox went down to the lake. He made a hole in the ice.He caught a big fish through the hole.Bear walked by and saw Fox. "What are you doing, Fox?" he asked."I am catching my dinner," Fox answered."I am hungry, too," said Bear. "I will catch a fish for my dinner." Bear started to reach (伸出) down into the hole."Oh, no, not like that!" shouted Fox. "You have to use your tail."Bear sat down by the hole. He put his tail into the cold water below the ice.Bear waited and waited. At last he felt something touching his tail. He pulled and pulled and his tail broke off. That is why today bears have short tails.（1）.When did the story happen?A.In springB.In summerC.In autumn.D.In winter.（2）.What does the underlined word "below" mean?A.OntoB.AboveC.OverD.Under（3）.Which of the following is the correct order?①Fox went to the lake①Bear's tail broke off.①Fox caught a fish① Bear puts its tail into the waterA.①①①①B.①①①①C.①①①①D.①①①①（4）.We can know from the passage that Bear was______.A.cheerful and luckyB.smart and patientC.silly and not kindD.rude and quiet（5）.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A.The bad FoxB.Why do bears have short tails today?C.How to catch fish in winter?D.How does Bear use its tail?三、选择句子补全短文（本题共计1小题，总分10分）4.（10分）根据材料内容,从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项,使短文意思通顺、内容完整Have you ever heard of an avalanche (雪崩)? Avalanches are sudden natural disasters（灾难）where a lot of snow and ice slide down the mountains.1.______ In fact, snow from an avalanche can move as fast as two hundred miles per hour. That is three times faster than a car on a highway.2.______In the mountains like the Alps and the Himalayas, there are snow and ice all year round. After big storms, new snow puts more pressure on the snow that is already in the mountains.The pressure can make the old snow slide.3.______Heavy snow moving down the mountains may pull other things along, such as trees and rocks. A powerful avalanche can damage (毁坏) everything in its path. Luckily, no one lives in the mountains where avalanches are easy to happen.4.______Most people who may lose their lives in avalanches are ski lovers. They want to have fun in the mountains. They also want to stay safe.5.______ However, even though the experts can warn people of the risk, there are still some accidents each year. If you are a ski lover, remember to pay attention to experts' warnings.A.Most avalanches happen after big storms.B.Experts can usually tell when an avalanche might happenC.Avalanches are very dangerous.D.As they slide, the snow and ice move faster and faster.E.So not many people die from avalanches each year.四、选词填空（本题共计1小题，总分15分）5.（15分）用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成短文。
初二数学下学期期中考试试题00
数学下学期期中考试题一、单项选择题（3分×8＝24分）1．在式子1a 、2xy π、2334a b c 、56x +、78x y+、109x y +中，分式的个数有（ ）A 、2个B 、3个C 、4个D 、52、医学研究发现一种新病毒的直径约为0.000043毫米，•则这个数用科学记数法表示为 A ．4.3×10-4 B ．4.3×10-5 C ．0.43×104 D ．0.43×1053、如图，有一块直角三角形纸片，两直角边6,8AC cm BC cm ==，现将直角边AC 沿直线AD 折叠，使它落在斜边AB 上，且与AE 重合。
则CD 等于 （ ）A 、2cmB 、3cmC 、4cmD 、5cm4、△ABC 的三边长分别为a 、b 、c ，下列条件：①∠A=∠B －∠C ；②∠A ：∠B ：∠C=3：4：5； ③))((2c b c b a -+=；④13:12:5::=c b a ，其中能判断△ABC 是直角三角形的个数有（ ）A ．1个B ．2个C ．3个D ．4个5、分式方程12121=----xx x 的解为（ ）A ． x ＝1B ．x ＝2C ．x ＝－2D ．此方程无解6.解分式方程2236111x x x +=+--,分以下四步,其中,错误的一步是( ) A.方程两边分式的最简公分母是(x-1)(x+1)B.方程两边都乘以(x-1)(x+1),得整式方程2(x-1)+3(x+1)=6C.解这个整式方程,得x=1D.原方程的解为x=17、在函数xky =(k ＞0)的图象上有三点A 1(x 1,y 1)、A 2(x 2,y 2)、A 3(x 3,y 3),已知 x 1＜x 2＜0＜x 3,则下列各式中,正确的是A.y 1＜y 2＜y 3B.y 3＜y 2＜y 1C. y 2＜ y 1＜y 3D.y 3＜y 1＜y 28、如图，已知函数b kx y +=1和xmy =2的图象交于点P 、Q ，则根据图象可得关于x 的不等式kx+b ＞xm的解集是 A. x ＞-3 B. 0＞x ＞-3或x ＞1 C. x ＞1 D. x ＜-3二、填空（每小题3分共24分）9．直角三角形两直角边长分别为5和12，则它斜边上的高为10、如果ba=2，则2222b a b ab a ++-=____________。
八年级语文下学期期中考试语文试卷(含答案)
八年级语文下学期期中考试语文试卷（含答案）2023初二（下）期中语文（满分100分，考试时间120分钟）一、基础·积累（共14分）学校要开展“所学课文知多少”活动，请你完成以下任务。
1. 阅读《社戏》选段，完成小题。
两岸的豆麦和河底的水草所发散出来的清香，夹杂在水气中扑面的吹来；月色便朦胧在这水气里。
淡黑的起伏的连山，仿佛是踊跃的铁的兽脊似的，都远远地向船尾跑去了，但我却还以为船慢。
他们换了四回手，渐望见依稀的赵庄，而且似乎听到歌吹了，还有几点火，料想便是戏台，但或者也许是渔火。
那声音大概是横笛，宛转，悠扬，使我的心也沉静，然而又自失起来，觉得要和他①在含着豆麦蕴藻之香的夜气里。
……最惹眼的是屹立在庄外临河的空地上的一座戏台，模胡在远处的月夜中，和空间几乎分不出界限，我疑心画上见过的仙境，就在这里出现了。
这时船走得更快，不多时，在台上显出人物来，红红绿绿的动，近台的河里一望乌黑的是看戏的人家的船②。
……月还没有落，仿佛看戏也并不很久似的，而一离赵庄，月光又显得格外的皎洁。
……不多久，松柏林早在船后了，船行也并不慢，但周围的黑暗只是浓，可知已经到了深夜。
……离平桥村还有一里模样，船行却慢了，摇船的都说很疲乏，因为太用力，而且许久没有东西吃。
这回想出来的是桂生，说是罗汉豆正旺相，柴火又现成，我们可以偷一点来煮吃的。
大家都赞成，立刻近岸停了船……（1）加点字读音全都正确的一项是（）A.兽脊（jí）模样（mú）B.兽脊（jí）模样（mó）C.兽脊（jǐ）模样（mú）D.兽脊（jǐ）模样（mó）（2）文段①②处选填词语和汉字全都正确的一项是（）A. ①弥漫②篷____________B.①弥散②蓬C. ①弥漫②蓬____________D.①弥散②篷（3）根据文意解释画线句“……船行也并不慢，但周围的黑暗只是浓……”中“浓”的意思。
（____________ ）2. 阅读《大自然的语言》选段，完成小题。
苏州中学园区校2022-2023学年第二学期初二数学期中考试试卷及参考答案
苏州中学园区校2022-2023学年第二学期初二数学期中试题一、 选择题（本大题共12小题 ，共36分）1． 下列图形中 ，既是轴对称图形 ，又是中心对称图形的是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．2． 下列调查中 ，适合采用普查的是（ ）A ． 全班学生周六晚上收看“新闻联播”的次数B ． 某品牌灯泡的使用寿命C ． 长江中现有鱼的种类D ． 公民垃圾分类的意识3． 一个不透明的盒子中装有2个红球和1个白球 ，它们除颜色外都相同． 若从中任意摸出一个球 ，则下列叙述正确的是（ ）A ． 摸到红球是必然事件B ． 摸到白球是不可能事件C ． 摸到红球与摸到白球的可能性相等D ． 摸到红球比摸到白球的可能性大4． 下列说法正确的是（ ）A ． 对角线互相垂直的四边形是菱形B ． 矩形的对角线互相垂直C ． 对角线相等的菱形是正方形D ． 一组对边平行的四边形是平行四边形5． 如图 ，▱ABCD 的对角线AC 与BD 相交于点O ，AB ⊥AC ，若AB ＝4 ，AC ＝6 ，则BD 的长是（ ）A ． 8B ． 9C ． 10D ． 116． 已知点A （﹣2 ，y 1） ，B （﹣1 ，y 2） ，C （3 ，y 3）都在反比例函数y ＝的图象上 ，则y 1 ，y 2 ，y 3的大小关系正确的是（ ）A ． y 1＜y 2＜y 3B ． y 3＜y 2＜y 1C ． y 3＜y 1＜y 2D ． y 2＜y 1＜y 37． 函数y ＝kx ﹣3与y ＝（k ≠0）在同一坐标系内的图象可能是（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．8． 如图 ，在平面直角坐标系中 ，▱ABCD 的顶点B 、 C 在x 轴上 ，A 、 D 两点分别在反比例函数y ＝（k ＜0 ，x ＜0）与y ＝（x ＞0）的图象上 ，若▱ABCD 的面积为4 ，则k 的值为（ ）A．﹣1 B．﹣2 C．﹣3 D．﹣59．如图，已知正方形ABCD边长为1 ，连接AC、BD，CE平分∠ACD交BD于点E，则DE长为（）A．2﹣2 B．﹣1 C．﹣1 D．2﹣10．如图，点A（a，1）、B（﹣1 ，b）都在双曲线y＝﹣上，点P、Q分别是x轴、y轴上的动点，当四边形P ABQ的周长取最小值时，PQ所在直线的解析式是（）A．y＝x B．y＝x+1 C．y＝x+2 D．y＝x+311．如图，直角三角形ACB中，两条直角边AC＝8 ，BC＝6 ，将△ACB绕着AC中点M旋转一定角度，得到△DFE，点F正好落在AB边上，DE和AB交于点G，则AG的长为（）A．B．C．D．12．如图，四边形ABCD为正方形，O为AC、BD的交点，△DCE为Rt△，∠CED＝90°，若OE＝2，CE•DE＝5 ，则正方形ABCD的面积为（）A．5 B．6 C．8 D．12．5二、填空题（本大题共8小题，共24分）13．在一个不透明的袋子中装有n个小球，这些球除颜色外均相同，其中红球有2个，如果从袋子中随机摸出一个球，这个球是红球的概率为，那么n的值是．14．如图矩形ABCD的对角线AC和BD相交于点O，过点O的直线分别交AD和BC于点E，F，AB＝3 ，BC＝4 ，则图中阴影部分的面积为．15．如图，在△ABC中，点D在BC上，BD＝AB，BM⊥AD于点M，N是AC的中点，连接MN．若AB＝5 ，BC＝8 ，则MN＝．16．如图，矩形ABCD中，AC＝2AB，将矩形ABCD绕点A旋转得到矩形AB′C′D′，使点B的对应点B'落在AC上，在B'C′上取点F，使B'F＝AB．则∠FBB'的度数为°．17．如图，矩形ABCD的边AB与x轴平行，顶点A的坐标为（2 ，1），点B与点D都在反比例函数y ＝（x＞0）的图象上，则矩形ABCD的周长为．18．函数y1＝x（x≥0），y2＝（x＞0）的图象如图所示，下列结论：①两函数图象的交点坐标为A（2 ，2）；②当x＞2时，y2＞y1；③直线x＝1分别与两函数图象相交于B、C两点，则S△OBC＝；④当x逐渐增大时，y1的值随x的增大而增大，y2的值随x的增大而减少．其中正确的是．19．如图Rt△ABC中，∠BAC＝90°，AB＝3 ，AC＝4 ，点P为BC上任意一点，连接P A，以P A，PC为邻边作平行四边形P AQC，连接PQ，则PQ的最小值为．20．如图所示，反比例函数y＝（x＜0）的图象经过矩形OABC的对角线AC的中点M，分别与AB，BC交于点D、E，若BD＝3 ，OA＝4 ，则k的值为．三、解答题（本大题共6小题，共40分）21．某校音乐组决定围绕在“舞蹈、乐器、声乐、戏曲、其它活动”项目中，你最喜欢哪一项活动（每人只限一项）的问题，在全校范围内随机抽取部分学生进行问卷调查，并将调查结果绘制如下两幅不完整的统计图．请你根据统计图解答下列问题：（1）在这次调查中，一共抽查了名学生．其中喜欢“舞蹈”活动项目的人数占抽查总人数的百分比为．扇形统计图中喜欢“戏曲”部分扇形的圆心角为度．（2）请你补全条形统计图．（3）某班7位同学中，1人喜欢舞蹈，2人喜欢乐器，1人喜欢声乐，3人喜欢乐曲，李老师要从这7人中任选1人参加学校社团展演，则恰好选出1人喜欢乐器的概率是．22．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，△ABC三个顶点的坐标分别是A（2 ，4），B（1 ，2），C（5 ，3）．（1）作出△ABC关于点O对称的图形△A1B1C1；（2）以点O为旋转中心，将△ABC顺时针旋转90°，得到△A2B2C2，在坐标系中画出△A2B2C2．（3）若将△ABC向左平移4个单位，求△ABC扫过的面积．23．如图，已知菱形ABCD的对角线AC，BD相交于点O，延长AB至点E，使BE＝AB，连接CE．（1）求证：四边形BECD是平行四边形；（2）若∠E＝60°，AC＝4，求菱形ABCD的面积．24．如图，在平面直角坐标系xOy，已知四边形DOBC是矩形，且D（0 ，6），B（8 ，0），若反比例函数y＝（x＞0）的图象经过线段OC的中点A，交DC于点E，交BC于点F．设直线EF的解析式为y＝k2x+b．（1）求反比例函数和直线EF的解析式；（2）求△OEF的面积：（3）请直接写出不等式k2x+b﹣＜0的解集．25．如图，在平面直角坐标系中有Rt△ABC，∠BAC＝90°，AB＝AC，A（﹣3 ，0），B（0 ，1），C（m，n）．（1）请直接写出C点坐标．（2）将△ABC沿x轴的正方向平移t个单位，B′、C′两点的对应点、正好落在反比例函数y＝在第一象限内图象上．请求出t，k的值．（3）在（2）的条件下，问是否存在x轴上的点M和反比例函数y＝图象上的点N，使得以B′、C′，M，N为顶点的四边形构成平行四边形？如果存在，请求出所有满足条件的点M和点N的坐标；如果不存在，请说明理由．26．如图，在平面直角坐标系第一象限中，已知点A坐标为（1 ，0），点D坐标为（1 ，3），点G 坐标为（1 ，1），动点E从点G出发，以每秒1个单位长度的速度匀速向点D方向运动，与此同时，x 轴上动点B从点A出发，以相同的速度向右运动，两动点运动时间为t（0＜t＜2），以AD、AB分别为边作矩形ABCD，过点E作双曲线交线段BC于点F，作CD中点M，连接BE、EF、EM、FM．（1）当t＝1时，求点F的坐标．（2）若BE平分∠AEF，则t的值为多少？（3）若∠EMF为直角，则t的值为多少？答案与解析一、选择题（本大题共12小题，共36分）1．下列图形中，既是轴对称图形，又是中心对称图形的是（）A．B．C．D．【分析】根据轴对称图形与中心对称图形的概念求解．解：A、是轴对称图形，不是中心对称图形，故此选项错误；B、是轴对称图形，也是中心对称图形，故此选项正确；C、不是轴对称图形，是中心对称图形，故此选项错误；D、不是轴对称图形，是中心对称图形，故此选项错误．故选：B．【点评】此题主要考查了中心对称图形与轴对称图形的概念．轴对称图形的关键是寻找对称轴，图形两部分折叠后可重合，中心对称图形是要寻找对称中心，旋转180度后两部分重合．2．下列调查中，适合采用普查的是（）A．全班学生周六晚上收看“新闻联播”的次数B．某品牌灯泡的使用寿命C．长江中现有鱼的种类D．公民垃圾分类的意识【分析】根据全面调查与抽样调查的特点，对各选项分析判断后利用排除法求解．解：A、调查全班学生周六晚上收看“新闻联播”的次数，适合普查，故本选项符合题意；B、调查某品牌灯泡的使用寿命，适合抽样调查，故本选项不合题意；C、调查长江中现有鱼的种类，适合抽样调查，故本选项不合题意；D、调查公民垃圾分类的意识，适合抽样调查，故本选项不合题意；故选：A．【点评】本题考查了抽样调查和全面调查的区别，一般来说，对于具有破坏性的调查、无法进行普查、普查的意义或价值不大时，应选择抽样调查，对于精确度要求高的调查，事关重大的调查往往选用普查．3．一个不透明的盒子中装有2个红球和1个白球，它们除颜色外都相同．若从中任意摸出一个球，则下列叙述正确的是（）A．摸到红球是必然事件B．摸到白球是不可能事件C．摸到红球与摸到白球的可能性相等D．摸到红球比摸到白球的可能性大【分析】利用随机事件的概念，以及个数最多的就得到可能性最大分别分析即可．解：A．摸到红球是随机事件，故A选项错误；B．摸到白球是随机事件，故B选项错误；C．摸到红球比摸到白球的可能性相等．根据不透明的盒子中装有2个红球和1个白球，得出摸到红球比摸到白球的可能性大，故C选项错误；D．根据不透明的盒子中装有2个红球和1个白球，得出摸到红球比摸到白球的可能性大，故D选项正确；故选：D．【点评】此题主要考查了随机事件以及可能性大小，利用可能性大小的比较：只要总情况数目相同，谁包含的情况数目多，谁的可能性就大；反之也成立；若包含的情况相当，那么它们的可能性就相等得出是解题关键．4．下列说法正确的是（）A．对角线互相垂直的四边形是菱形B．矩形的对角线互相垂直C．对角线相等的菱形是正方形D．一组对边平行的四边形是平行四边形【分析】利用菱形的判定，正方形的判定，平行四边形的判定和矩形的性质依次判断可求解．解：A、对角线互相垂直的平行四边形是菱形，故A选项不符合题意；B、矩形的对角线相等，故B选项不符合题意；C、对角线相等的菱形是正方形，故C选项符合题意；D、两组对边平行的四边形是平行四边形，故D选项不符合题意；故选：C．【点评】本题考查了正方形的判定，矩形的性质，菱形的判定，平行四边形的判定，掌握这些判定和性质是本题的关键．5．如图，▱ABCD的对角线AC与BD相交于点O，AB⊥AC，若AB＝4 ，AC＝6 ，则BD的长是（）A．8 B．9 C．10 D．11【分析】利用平行四边形的性质和勾股定理易求BO的长，进而可求出BD的长．解：∵▱ABCD的对角线AC与BD相交于点O．∴BO＝DO，AO＝CO．∵AB⊥AC，AB＝4 ，AC＝6 ．∴∠BAO＝90°，OA＝3∴BO＝＝5 ．∴BD＝2BO＝10 ．故选：C．【点评】本题考查了平行四边形的性质以及勾股定理的运用，是中考常见题型，比较简单．6．已知点A（﹣2 ，y1），B（﹣1 ，y2），C（3 ，y3）都在反比例函数y＝的图象上，则y1，y2，y3的大小关系正确的是（）A．y1＜y2＜y3B．y3＜y2＜y1C．y3＜y1＜y2D．y2＜y1＜y3【分析】把点A（﹣2 ，y1），B（﹣1 ，y2），C（3 ，y3）代入反比例函数的关系式求出y1，y2，y3，比较得出答案．解：把点A（﹣2 ，y1），B（﹣1 ，y2），C（3 ，y3）代入反比例函数y＝的关系式得．y1＝﹣1． 5 ，y2＝﹣3 ，y3＝1 ．∴y2＜y1＜y3．故选：D．【点评】本题考查反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征，把点的坐标代入函数关系式是常用的方法．7．函数y＝kx﹣3与y＝（k≠0）在同一坐标系内的图象可能是（）A．B．C．D．【分析】根据当k＞0、当k＜0时，y＝kx﹣3和y＝（k≠0）经过的象限，二者一致的即为正确答案．解：∵当k＞0时，y＝kx﹣3过一、三、四象限，反比例函数y＝过一、三象限．当k＜0时，y＝kx﹣3过二、三、四象限，反比例函数y＝过二、四象限．∴B正确；故选：B．【点评】本题主要考查了反比例函数的图象性质和一次函数的图象性质，关键是由k的取值确定函数所在的象限．8．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，▱ABCD的顶点B、C在x轴上，A、D两点分别在反比例函数y＝（k＜0 ，x＜0）与y＝（x＞0）的图象上，若▱ABCD的面积为4 ，则k的值为（）A．﹣1 B．﹣2 C．﹣3 D．﹣5【分析】连接OA、OD，如图，利用平行四边形的性质得AD垂直y轴，则利用反比例函数的比例系数k的几何意义得到S△OAE和S△ODE，所以S△OAD＝2 ，然后根据平行四边形的面积公式可得到▱ABCD的面积＝2S△OAD＝4 ，即可求出k的值．解：连接OA、OD，如图．∵四边形ABCD为平行四边形．∴AD垂直y轴．∴S△OAE＝×|k|＝，S△ODE＝×|1|＝．∴S△OAD＝+．∵▱ABCD的面积＝2S△OAD＝4 ．∴|k|+1＝4 ．解得k＝﹣3或3 ．∵k＜0 ．∴k＝﹣3故选：C．【点评】本题考查了反比例函数比例系数k的几何意义：在反比例函数y＝图象中任取一点，过这一个点向x轴和y轴分别作垂线，与坐标轴围成的矩形的面积是定值|k| ，在反比例函数的图象上任意一点向坐标轴作垂线，这一点和垂足以及坐标原点所构成的三角形的面积是|k| ，且保持不变．也考查了平行四边形的性质．9．如图，已知正方形ABCD边长为1 ，连接AC、BD，CE平分∠ACD交BD于点E，则DE长为（）A．2﹣2 B．﹣1 C．﹣1 D．2﹣【分析】由题意可得∠ACD＝45°＝∠BDC＝∠ACB，BD＝，由CE平分∠ACD，可求∠BEC＝∠BCE，即BC＝BE＝1 ，即可求DE的长度．解：∵四边形ABCD是正方形∴BC＝CD＝1 ，∠BCD＝90°，∠ACD＝45°＝∠BDC＝∠ACB∴BD＝∵CE平分∠ACD∴∠ACE＝∠DCE＝22．5°∴∠BCE＝67．5°∵∠BEC＝∠BDC+∠DCE∴∠BEC＝67．5°∴∠BEC＝∠BCE∴BE＝BC＝1∴DE＝BD﹣BE＝﹣1故选：C．【点评】本题考查了正方形的性质，熟练掌握正方形的性质是本题的关键．10．如图，点A（a，1）、B（﹣1 ，b）都在双曲线y＝﹣上，点P、Q分别是x轴、y 轴上的动点，当四边形P ABQ的周长取最小值时，PQ所在直线的解析式是（）A．y＝x B．y＝x+1 C．y＝x+2 D．y＝x+3【分析】先把A点坐标和B点坐标代入反比例函数进行中可确定点A的坐标为（﹣3 ，1）、B点坐标为（﹣1 ，3），再作A点关于x轴的对称点C，B点关于y轴的对称点D，根据对称的性质得到C点坐标为（﹣3 ，﹣1），D点坐标为（1 ，3），CD分别交x轴、y轴于P点、Q点，根据两点之间线段最短得此时四边形P ABQ的周长最小，然后利用待定系数法确定PQ的解析式．解：分别把点A（a，1）、B（﹣1 ，b）代入双曲线y＝﹣得a＝﹣3 ，b＝3 ，则点A的坐标为（﹣3 ，1）、B点坐标为（﹣1 ，3）．作A点关于x轴的对称点C，B点关于y轴的对称点D，所以C点坐标为（﹣3 ，﹣1），D点坐标为（1 ，3）．连接CD分别交x轴、y轴于P点、Q点，此时四边形P ABQ的周长最小．设直线CD的解析式为y＝kx+b．把C（﹣3 ，﹣1），D（1 ，3）分别代入．解得．所以直线CD的解析式为y＝x+2 ．故选：C．【点评】本题考查了反比例函数的综合题：掌握反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征、待定系数法求一次函数的解析式；熟练运用两点之间线段最短解决有关几何图形周长最短的问题．11．如图，直角三角形ACB中，两条直角边AC＝8 ，BC＝6 ，将△ACB绕着AC中点M旋转一定角度，得到△DFE，点F正好落在AB边上，DE和AB交于点G，则AG的长为（）A．B．C．D．【分析】由勾股定理可求AB＝10 ，由旋转的性质可得∠A＝∠D，DM＝AM，CM＝MF，DE＝AB＝10 ，可得AM＝MF＝CM，可得∠AFC＝90°，由锐角三角函数可求AF的长，由直角三角形的性质可求GF 的长，即可求AG的长．解：如图，连接CF．∵AC＝8 ，BC＝6 ．∴AB＝＝＝10 ．∵点M是AC中点．∴AM＝MC＝4 ．∵将△ACB绕着AC中点M旋转一定角度，得到△DFE．∴∠A＝∠D，DM＝AM，CM＝MF，DE＝AB＝10 ．∴AM＝MF＝CM．∴∠AFC＝90°．∵×AB×CF＝×AC×BC．∴CF＝∴AF＝＝＝∵∠A＝∠D，∠A＝∠AFM．∴∠D＝∠AFM，且∠DFE＝90°．∴DG＝GF，∠E＝∠GFE．∴GF＝GE．∴GF＝GD＝GE＝5 ．∴AG＝AF﹣GF＝﹣5＝故选：A．【点评】本题考查了旋转的性质，勾股定理，直角三角形的性质，锐角三角函数的应用，求AF的长是本题的关键．12．如图，四边形ABCD为正方形，O为AC、BD的交点，△DCE为Rt△，∠CED＝90°，若OE ＝2，CE•DE＝5 ，则正方形ABCD的面积为（）A．5 B．6 C．8 D．12．5【分析】过点O作OM⊥CE于M，作ON⊥DE交ED的延长线于N，判断出四边形OMEN是矩形，根据矩形的性质可得∠MON＝90°，再求出∠COM＝∠DON，根据正方形的性质可得OC＝OD，然后利用“角角边”证明△COM和△DON全等，根据全等三角形对应边相等可得OM＝ON，CM＝DN，然后判断出四边形OMEN是正方形，可得NE＝ON＝2 ，得DE+CE＝4 ，设DE＝a，CE＝b，可得a+b＝4 ，根据CE•DE＝5 ，CD2＝a2+b2＝（a+b）2﹣2ab＝42﹣2×5＝6 ，即可解决问题．解：如图，过点O作OM⊥CE于M，作ON⊥DE交ED的延长线于N．∵∠CED＝90°．∴四边形OMEN是矩形．∴∠MON＝90°．∵四边形ABCD是正方形．∵∠COM+∠DOM＝90°＝∠DON+∠DOM，OC＝OD．∴∠COM＝∠DON．在△COM和△DON中．．∴△COM≌△DON（AAS）．∴OM＝ON，CM＝DN．∴四边形OMEN是正方形．在Rt△OEN中．∵OE＝2．∴2NE2＝OE2＝（2）2＝8 ．∴NE＝ON＝2 ．∴DE+CE＝DE+EM+MC＝DE+EM+DN＝EN+EM＝2EN＝4 ．设DE＝a，CE＝b．∴a+b＝4 ．∵CE•DE＝5 ．∴CD2＝a2+b2＝（a+b）2﹣2ab＝42﹣2×5＝6 ．∴S正方形ABCD＝6 ．故选：B．【点评】本题考查了正方形的性质，全等三角形的判定与性质，勾股定理，解题的关键是作辅助线构造出全等三角形．二、填空题（本大题共8小题，共24分）13．在一个不透明的袋子中装有n个小球，这些球除颜色外均相同，其中红球有2个，如果从袋子中随机摸出一个球，这个球是红球的概率为，那么n的值是6．【分析】根据概率公式得到＝，然后利用比例性质求出n即可．解：根据题意得＝．解得n＝6 ．经检验：n＝6是分式方程的解．所以口袋中小球共有6个．故答案为：6 ．【点评】本题考查了概率公式：随机事件A的概率P（A）＝事件A可能出现的结果数除以所有可能出现的结果数．14．如图矩形ABCD的对角线AC和BD相交于点O，过点O的直线分别交AD和BC于点E，F，AB ＝3 ，BC＝4 ，则图中阴影部分的面积为6．【分析】首先结合矩形的性质证明△AOE≌△COF，得△AOE、△COF的面积相等，从而将阴影部分的面积转化为△BCD的面积．解：∵四边形ABCD是矩形．∴OA＝OC，∠AEO＝∠CFO；又∵∠AOE＝∠COF．在△AOE和△COF中．．∴△AOE≌△COF，得S△AOE＝S△COF．∴S阴影＝S△AOE+S△BOF+S△COD＝S△AOE+S△BOF+S△COD＝S△BCD；∵S△BCD＝BC•CD＝6 ，故S阴影＝6 ．故答案为6 ．【点评】此题主要考查了矩形的性质以及全等三角形的判定和性质，能够根据三角形全等，从而将阴影部分的面积转化为矩形面积的一半，是解决问题的关键．15．如图，在△ABC中，点D在BC上，BD＝AB，BM⊥AD于点M，N是AC的中点，连接MN．若AB＝5 ，BC＝8 ，则MN＝．【分析】根据题目的已知条件易求DC的长为3 ，易证MN是三角形ADC的中位线，由三角形中位线定理即可求出MN的长．解：∵BD＝AB，BM⊥AD于点M．∴AM＝DM．∵N是AC的中点．∴AN＝CN．∴MN是三角形ADC的中位线．∴MN＝DC．∵AB＝5 ，BC＝8 ．∴DC＝3 ．∴MN＝．故答案是：．【点评】此题考查的是三角形中位线的性质，即三角形的中位线平行于第三边且等于第三边的一半．16．如图，矩形ABCD中，AC＝2AB，将矩形ABCD绕点A旋转得到矩形AB′C′D′，使点B的对应点B'落在AC上，在B'C′上取点F，使B'F＝AB．则∠FBB'的度数为15°．【分析】连接BB' ，由矩形的性质可得∠ABC＝90°，由旋转的性质可得AB＝AB' ，∠ABC＝∠AB'C'＝90°，由直角三角形的性质可得BB'＝AB'＝CB'＝AB，可证△ABB'是等边三角形，可得∠AB'B＝60°，由等腰三角形的性质可求解．解：如图，连接BB' ．∵四边形ABCD是矩形．∴∠ABC＝90°．∵将矩形ABCD绕点A旋转得到矩形AB′C′D′．∴AB＝AB' ，∠ABC＝∠AB'C'＝90°．∵AC＝2AB．∴AC＝2AB'＝AB'+B'C．∴AB'＝B'C．∵∠ABC＝90°．∴BB'＝AB'＝CB'＝AB．∴△ABB'是等边三角形．∴∠AB'B＝60°．∴∠BB'F＝150°．∵B'F＝AB．∴BB'＝B'F．∴∠B'BF＝∠B'FB＝15°．故答案为：15 ．【点评】本题考查了旋转的性质，矩形的性质，等边三角形的性质，熟练运用这些性质进行推理是本题的关键．17．如图，矩形ABCD的边AB与x轴平行，顶点A的坐标为（2 ，1），点B与点D都在反比例函数y＝（x＞0）的图象上，则矩形ABCD的周长为12．【分析】根据矩形的性质、结合点A的坐标得到点D的横坐标为2 ，点B的纵坐标为1 ，根据反比例函数解析式求出点D的坐标，点B的坐标，根据矩形的周长公式计算即可．解：∵四边形ABCD是矩形，点A的坐标为（2 ，1）．∴点D的横坐标为2 ，点B的纵坐标为1 ．当x＝2时，y＝＝3 ．当y＝1时，x＝6 ．则AD＝3﹣1＝2 ，AB＝6﹣2＝4 ．则矩形ABCD的周长＝2×（2+4）＝12 ．故答案为：12 ．【点评】本题考查的是反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征、矩形的性质，掌握反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征是解题的关键．18．函数y1＝x（x≥0），y2＝（x＞0）的图象如图所示，下列结论：①两函数图象的交点坐标为A（2 ，2）；②当x＞2时，y2＞y1；③直线x＝1分别与两函数图象相交于B、C两点，则S△OBC＝；④当x逐渐增大时，y1的值随x的增大而增大，y2的值随x的增大而减少．其中正确的是①③④．【分析】根据反比例函数的性质和正比例函数的性质解题即可．解：①∵两个函数图象的交点为A，y1＝y2．∴x＝．∴x＝2 ，代入y1＝x（x≥0），y2＝（x＞0）得：y＝2 ．∴A（2 ，2），故本选项正确；②当x＞2时，y1＞2 ，y2＜2 ，故本选项错误；③当x＝1时，y1＝1 ，y2＝4 ．∴BC＝y2﹣y1＝4﹣1＝3 ．∴S△OBC＝×1×BC＝，故本选项正确；④根据图象可知，y1随x的增大而增大，y2随x的增大而减小，故本选项正确．所以①③④正确．故答案为：①③④．【点评】本题考查了反比例和正比例函数的性质．对于反比例函数y＝，当k＞0时，在每一个象限内，函数值y随自变量x的增大而减小；当k＜0时，在每一个象限内，函数值y随自变量x增大而增大．19．如图Rt△ABC中，∠BAC＝90°，AB＝3 ，AC＝4 ，点P为BC上任意一点，连接P A，以P A，PC为邻边作平行四边形P AQC，连接PQ，则PQ的最小值为．【分析】以P A，PC为邻边作平行四边形P AQC，由平行四边形的性质可知O是AC中点，PQ最短也就是PO最短，所以应该过O作BC的垂线P′O，然后根据△P′OC和△ABC相似，利用相似三角形的性质即可求出PQ的最小值．解：∵∠BAC＝90°，AB＝3 ，AC＝4 ．∴BC＝＝5 ．∵四边形APCQ是平行四边形．∴PO＝QO，CO＝AO．∵PQ最短也就是PO最短．∴过O作BC的垂线OP′．∵∠ACB＝∠P′CO，∠CP′O＝∠CAB＝90°．∴△CAB∽△CP′O．∴．∴．∴OP′＝．∴则PQ的最小值为2OP′＝．方法二：不用相似的方法，只利用等面积得，OC•AB＝BC•OP' ，求得OP′，而其他部分的步骤共用．故答案为：．【点评】本题考查了勾股定理的运用、平行四边形的性质、相似三角形的判定和性质以及垂线段最短的性质，解题的关键是做高线各种相似三角形．20．如图所示，反比例函数y＝（x＜0）的图象经过矩形OABC的对角线AC的中点M，分别与AB，BC交于点D、E，若BD＝3 ，OA＝4 ，则k的值为﹣4．【分析】设D（﹣4 ，m），可得|k|＝4m，过点M作MF⊥OA于点F，连接OB，由矩形的性质可知：BM＝OM，从而可求∴|k|＝（3+m），再由|k|＝4m，求得k．解：设D（﹣4 ，m），∴|k|＝4m．过点M作MF⊥OA于点F，连接OB．由矩形的性质可知：BM＝OM．∴F A＝FO．∴S△OMF＝S△AMO＝S△ABO＝×OA•AB＝（3+m）．∴|k|＝（3+m）．∴|k|＝（3+m）．∴（3+m）＝4m．∴m＝1 ．∴|k|＝4∵k＜0∴k＝﹣4 ．故答案为：﹣4 ．【点评】本题考查反比例函数系数k的几何意义，解题的关键是求出|k|＝（3+m），本题属于中等题型．三、解答题（本大题共6小题，共40分）21．某校音乐组决定围绕在“舞蹈、乐器、声乐、戏曲、其它活动”项目中，你最喜欢哪一项活动（每人只限一项）的问题，在全校范围内随机抽取部分学生进行问卷调查，并将调查结果绘制如下两幅不完整的统计图．请你根据统计图解答下列问题：（1）在这次调查中，一共抽查了50名学生．其中喜欢“舞蹈”活动项目的人数占抽查总人数的百分比为24%．扇形统计图中喜欢“戏曲”部分扇形的圆心角为28．8度．（2）请你补全条形统计图．（3）某班7位同学中，1人喜欢舞蹈，2人喜欢乐器，1人喜欢声乐，3人喜欢乐曲，李老师要从这7人中任选1人参加学校社团展演，则恰好选出1人喜欢乐器的概率是．【分析】（1）根据喜欢声乐的人数和所占的百分比，可以求得本次调查的人数，然后即可计算出喜欢“舞蹈”活动项目的人数占抽查总人数的百分比和扇形统计图中喜欢“戏曲”部分扇形的圆心角的度数；（2）根据（1）中的结果和条形统计图中的数据，可以计算出喜欢戏曲的人数，从而可以将条形统计图补充完整；（3）根据题目中的数据，可以得到恰好选出1人喜欢乐器的概率．解：（1）在这次调查中，一共抽查了8÷16%＝50名学生．其中喜欢“舞蹈”活动项目的人数占抽查总人数的百分比为：×100%＝24% ．扇形统计图中喜欢“戏曲”部分扇形的圆心角为：360°×＝28．8°．故答案为：50 ，24% ，28．8；（2）喜欢戏曲的学生有：50﹣12﹣16﹣8﹣10＝4（人）．补全的条形统计图如右图所示；（3）∵某班7位同学中，1人喜欢舞蹈，2人喜欢乐器，1人喜欢声乐，3人喜欢乐曲．∴李老师要从这7人中任选1人参加学校社团展演，则恰好选出1人喜欢乐器的概率是．故答案为：．【点评】本题考查概率公式、条形统计图、扇形统计图，解答本题的关键是明确题意，利用数形结合的思想解答．22．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，△ABC三个顶点的坐标分别是A（2 ，4），B（1 ，2），C（5 ，3）．（1）作出△ABC关于点O对称的图形△A1B1C1；（2）以点O为旋转中心，将△ABC顺时针旋转90°，得到△A2B2C2，在坐标系中画出△A2B2C2．（3）若将△ABC向左平移4个单位，求△ABC扫过的面积．【分析】（1）分别作出A，B，C的对应点A1，B1，C1即可．（2）分别作出A，B，C的对应点A2，B2，C2即可．（3）△ABC扫过的面积可以看成平行四边形的面积与三角形的面积和．解：（1）如图，△A1B1C1即为所求作．（2）如图，△A2B2C2即为所求作．（3）△ABC扫过的面积＝2×4+（2×4﹣×1×2﹣×1×3﹣×1×4）＝．【点评】本题考查作图﹣旋转变换，平移变换，三角形的面积等知识，解题的关键是理解题意，灵活运用所学知识解决问题．23．如图，已知菱形ABCD的对角线AC，BD相交于点O，延长AB至点E，使BE＝AB，连接CE．（1）求证：四边形BECD是平行四边形；（2）若∠E＝60°，AC＝4，求菱形ABCD的面积．【分析】（1）根据菱形的对边平行且相等可得AB＝CD，AB∥CD，然后证明得到BE＝CD，BE∥CD，从而证明四边形BECD是平行四边形；（2）欲求菱形ABCD的面积，已知AC＝4，只需求得BD的长度即可．利用平行四边形以及菱形的性质可得AC⊥CE，再解直角△ACE求出CE的长度，即为BD的长度．则利用菱形ABCD的面积等于两对角线乘积的一半即可求解．（1）证明：∵四边形ABCD是菱形．∴AB＝CD，AB∥CD．又∵BE＝AB．∴BE＝CD，BE∥CD．∴四边形BECD是平行四边形；（2）解：∵四边形BECD是平行四边形．∴DB∥CE．∵四边形ABCD是菱形．∴AC⊥BD．∴AC⊥CE．在直角△ACE中，∵∠E＝60°，AC＝4．∴CE＝＝＝4 ．∵四边形BECD是平行四边形．∴BD＝CE＝4 ．∴S菱形ABCD＝AC•BD＝×4×4＝8．【点评】本题综合考查了菱形的性质，平行四边形的判定与性质以及解直角三角形．证明出四边形BECD 是平行四边形是解题的关键．24．如图，在平面直角坐标系xOy，已知四边形DOBC是矩形，且D（0 ，6），B（8 ，0），若反比例函数y＝（x＞0）的图象经过线段OC的中点A，交DC于点E，交BC于点F．设直线EF的解析式为y＝k2x+b．（1）求反比例函数和直线EF的解析式；（2）求△OEF的面积：（3）请直接写出不等式k2x+b﹣＜0的解集．【分析】（1）由点B、D的坐标结合矩形的性质即可得出点C的坐标，由中点的性质即可得出点A的坐标，再结合反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征即可得出k值，由此即可得出反比例函数解析式；由点F的横坐标、点E的纵坐标结合反比例函数解析式即可得出点E、F的坐标，再由点E、F的坐标利用待定系数法即可求出直线EF的解析式；（2）利用△OEF的面积＝S矩形BCDO﹣S△ODE﹣S△OBF﹣S△CEF进行计算；（3）观察函数图象，根据两函数图象的上下关系结合交点坐标即可得出不等式的解集．解：（1）∵D（0 ，6），B（8 ，0）．∴C（8 ，6）．∵点A为线段OC的中点．∴A（4 ，3）．把A（4 ，3）代入y＝（x＞0），得：k1＝12 ．∴反比例函数为y＝．把x＝8代入y＝得y＝，则F点的坐标为（8 ，）；把y＝6代入y＝得，6＝，解得：x＝2 ，则E点的坐标为（2 ，6）．把F（8 ，）、E（2 ，6）代入y＝k2x+b中得：解得：k2＝﹣，b＝．∴直线EF的解析式为y＝﹣x+；（2）△OEF的面积＝S矩形BCDO﹣S△ODE﹣S△OBF﹣S△CEF＝6×8﹣×12﹣×12﹣×（8﹣2）×（6﹣）＝22．5；（3）由图象得：不等式k2x+b﹣＜0的解集为0＜x＜2或x＞8 ．【点评】本题考查了矩形的性质、反比例函数与一次函数的交点问题、反比例函数图象上点的坐标特征、待定系数法求函数解析式以及三角形的面积公式，本题属于基础题，难度不大，解决该题型题目时，求出点的坐标，再结合点的坐标利用待定系数法求出函数解析式是关键．25．如图，在平面直角坐标系中有Rt△ABC，∠BAC＝90°，AB＝AC，A（﹣3 ，0），B（0 ，1），C（m，n）．（1）请直接写出C点坐标．（2）将△ABC沿x轴的正方向平移t个单位，B′、C′两点的对应点、正好落在反比例函数y＝在第一象限内图象上．请求出t，k的值．（3）在（2）的条件下，问是否存在x轴上的点M和反比例函数y＝图象上的点N，使得以B′、C′，M，N为顶点的四边形构成平行四边形？如果存在，请求出所有满足条件的点M和点N的坐标；如果不存在，请说明理由．【分析】（1）由在平面直角坐标系中有Rt△ABC，∠A＝90°，AB＝AC，可证得△ADC≌△BOA，继而求得C点坐标；（2）首先设向右平移了t个单位长度，则点B′的坐标为（t，1）、C′的坐标为（t﹣4 ，3），由B′、C′正好落在某反比例函数图象上，即可得t＝3（t﹣4），继而求得m的值，则可求得各点的坐标，于是得到结论；（3）如图2 ，当MN为平行四边形MC′NB′的对角线时，如图3 ，当MC′为平行四边形MC′NB′的对角线时，如图4 ，当MB′为平行四边形MC′NB′的对角线时，根据中点坐标公式即可得到结论．解：（1）如图1 ，过点C作CD⊥x轴于点D，则∠ADC＝∠AOB＝90°．∴∠DAC+∠ACD＝90°．∵Rt△ABC，∠A＝90°．∴∠DAC+∠BAO＝90°．∴∠BAO＝∠ACD．在△ADC和△BOA中．．∴△ADC≌△BOA（AAS）．∴AD＝OB＝1 ，CD＝OA＝3 ．∴OD＝OA+AD＝4 ．。
人教版英语八年级下学期《期中考试卷》附答案解析
人教版英语八年级下学期期中测试卷学校________ 班级________ 姓名________ 成绩________第Ⅰ卷选择题(共计75分)Ⅰ.单项选择(20)1.—I have ________________sore back. What should I do?—I think you should go to a doctor and get ________________X-ray.A. a; aB. a; anC. an; aD. an; an2.—Mr. White, could you give me some advice? I have________________in learning English.—Sure. First, you should be confident and never give up. Second...A. funB. troubleC. interestD. surprise3.—How is your grandma?—She’s fine. She used to___________TV at home after supper. But now she is used to__________out for a walk.A. watch;goB. watching;goC. watching;goingD. watch;going4.You shouldn’t make mistakes________________.A. in same wayB. at same wayC. in the same wayD. at the same way5.Linda gets great ________________from helping others, so she’s always ready to give others a helping hand.A. discussionB. satisfactionC. preparationD. prediction6.—Alice fell down and hurt ________________just now.—We should take ________________to the hospital.A. her; sheB. herself; sheC. herself; herD. her; her7.(山东邹城六中初二课时练) —Would you please provide us ________________some information about the school sports meeting?—Sure.It's said that it will start ________________the morning of September 20th.A. for; onB. with; onC. for; inD. with; in8.Cutting down too many trees _______________it _______________for people to protect wildlife in the world.A. make, impossibleB. makes; possibleC. make; possibleD. makes; impossible9.They agreed________________her and agreed________________the zoo with her.A. with; with visitingB. to; to visitingC. with; to visitD. to; with visiting10.—Who do you think Bob ________________, his father or his mother?—His mother, for they are both cheerful in nature.A. looks afterB. looks forC. takes afterD. takes away11.Some ________________are ________________their time to help the poor in underdeveloped countries.A. volunteer;volunteerB. volunteers;volunteeringC. volunteering;volunteersD. volunteers;volunteers12.—Are you going to have a part time job during the summer vacation?—Yes.I think I shouldn't always ________________my parents since I've grown up.A. fight againstB. argue withC. hear fromD. depend on13. (2019年铁力五中月考试题) —I’m not going swimming tomorrow afternoon.—________________. I have to clean up my bedroom.A. So am IB. Neither am IC. Neither I amD. So I am14.Mona doesn’t like making speeches. She feels________________talking in front of the class.A. angryB. excitedC. nervousD. surprised15.— How can I get good grades in exams?— The ________________careful you are, the ________________mistakes you will make.A. more; fewerB. more; moreC. much; fewerD. much; more16.—It’s a nice day, isn’t it?—Yes,________________going fishing and relax ourselves?A. Why notB. What aboutC. Why don’tD. Would like17.—My parents were ________________shocked when they heard the surprising news.A. recentlyB. heavilyC. hardlyD. completely18.—Why was your teacher ________________Mark?—Because he didn't finish his homework on time.A. different fromB. angry withC. similar toD. interested in19.—I think students should spend time with friends doing their homework.—I ________________. They would talk ________________doing homework.A. agree; instead ofB. agree; withoutC. disagree; instead ofD. don't disagree; but20. (2019年邹平实验期中试题) —______________________________?—I have a headache and I don’t feel like eating anything.A. How are youB. What can I do for youC. What's the matter with youD. How do you like itⅡ.完形填空(10) (山东邹城六中初二课时练)At the age of six, our kids began to help us with the housework. They helped (21) ____________ their pets and clean the house. Now my daughter Cindy can do many (22) ____________ of housework. Last week, she even helped me(23) ____________.We were happy because it was very delicious. I think doing housework is a good way for them to learn a lot of life skills.I like getting kids to start doing housework early for a few (24) ____________.First,it is fun for kids to help. Kids like to (25) ____________ together with their parents. They don't want their parents to get everything ready for them. Sometimes they like to do things by themselves. It's a good idea to (26) ____________ them help you when you are busy. Second, it's never too (27) ____________ for them to learn some things. However,having kids do chores doesn't (28) ____________ taking away their play time. It's to let them feel the (29) ____________ of working together with family. (30) ____________, it works well. Now our children always help me with the housework and they feel happy about it.21. A. look after B. look at C. get back D. worry about22. A. differences B. kinds C. ways D. boxes23. A. sweep the floor B. do the dishes C. do the cleaning D. cook dinner24. A. words B. reasons C. lessons D. ideas25. A. work B. play C. sit D. bring26. A. borrow B. let C. drive D. invite27. A. early B. popular C. important D. easy28. A. raise B. teach C. mean D. think29. A. sadness B. joy C. time D. team30. A. Finally B. Hardly C. Firstly D. LonelyⅢ.阅读理解(40)AAll students have bad times. What do they usually do when they get into trouble?My mom is like my friend. I talk about everything to her. Whenever I have some trouble,I can get good advice from her. I have another good friend-my diary. It knows all my secrets. Talking with my two friends always makes me feel better.—Linda Laughing helps me when I'm upset. I usually watch funny movies and TV shows. I also love spending my hard time with my best friend Dave. He ishumorous and always makes me laugh.—Peter Every time I feel bad, I go climbing alone. The study says exercising can help cheer one up. And the beautiful view at the top of the mountain makes me forget all my troubles. Sometimes I shout at the mountain top. It feels fantastic.—John31. Linda's _______________ knows all her secrets.A. sisterB. teacherC. diaryD. computer32. The underlined word “humorous” probably means____________________.A. quietB. funnyC. carefulD. shy33. John always _______________ when he feels bad.A. goes climbingB. watches moviesC. talks with his friendsD. reads books34. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Linda often asks her teacher for advice.B. Exercising can help people feel good.C. Dave often helps Peter with his homework.D. John likes climbing mountains with his friends.35. What is the passage mainly talking about?A. Ways to get out of trouble.B. Advice on making friends.C. Ways to get on with parents.D. Advice on forgetting trouble.B(2019年北京期中试题)My name is Sam. I joined a club called "Passing Help" last month.Now let me tell you why I joined it.One evening this May, on my way home my old car broke down(出故障) . It was 25 miles away from my home.I wanted to get a ride, but there was no car. It was also hard to take a taxi. I decided to take a bus home. I went to a busstop nearby.After a while, a bus came, but it did not go to my town. The bus driver was a young woman. She was kind and she told me which bus I should take. I waited there for about thirty minutes, but no bus came. At last a car came to me and a woman came out of the car. She was just the bus driver."When I reached the bus station, I heard that the bus to your town couldn't come, so I returned here. I just can't leave you here," she said. "Get in my car and I will take you back to your home.""It is a long way," I said."Come on, sir," she said. "Let's go."On the way she told me a story. A few days ago, there wasn't gas(汽油) in her car. An old man drove her up to a gas station and then back to her car.When we got to my home, I wanted to give her some money to thank her, but she didn't accept it. "I only want to help others and do something nice for somebody. Pass it along," she said.36. What happened to Sam one evening this May?A. He got lost.B. His car broke down.C. He was hurt in an accident.D. He couldn't reach the gas station.37. Sam didn't think of going home __________________ that evening.A. by trainB. by busC. by carD. by taxi38. From the passage, we know that the young woman was __________________.A. a club bossB. a taxi driverC. a bus driverD. a gas station worker39. The young woman wanted Sam to __________________.A. give her some moneyB. get on her busC. take her to her houseD. help others just as she did40. The best title of the passage is__________________.A. A Kind Old ManB. Getting a RideC. Passing HelpD. A Broken CarCDear Miss Hooper,I’m writing to thank you for your help this year. There were lots of subjects (主题) in class, but you made sure that I could understand every one. To tell the truth, you’re the best teacher I’ve met. You explain things so clearly, and are also so kind. I really enjoyed every minute of your class.There were so many best parts this year. Whatever the subject, you made it fun and interesting to everyone. All of your students found learning new things so easy because of you. I really believe you have a great teaching skill. You should be very proud (自豪的) of the way that you help children le arn. It is because of you that I’ve decided to become a teacher when I grow up.I have mixed feelings about school next year. I’m sad that you won’t be my teacher anymore. However, I’m happy that other children will get to share your knowledge (学问) . I’m sure that they’ll thank you for your good work.I didn’t enjoy school much before this year. I was new to the school this year. At my old school, I found learning quite difficult. The last nine months have changed all of that. I’m now confident (自信的) and looking forward to the next school year.Thank you once again for all of your help. You are really a great teacher and you’ve helped me greatly. I hope that we can share the same classroom again one day.Yours,Jacob Maclean41. In Miss Hooper’s class, Jacob ________________________.A. heard lots of jokesB. answered questions a lotC. sat in the front of the classroomD. had no difficulty understanding her42. What does Jacob want to be in the future?A. A doctor.B. A teacher.C. A scientist.D. A reporter.43. How does Jacob feel about Miss Hooper’s stopping teaching him?A. Upset and angry.B. Surprised and angry.C. Upset but understanding.D. Surprised but understanding.44. At his old school, Jacob ________________________.A. fought a lotB. had few friendsC. was not confidentD. often slept in class45. Jacob wrote this letter mainly to ________________________.A. say sorry to his teacherB. ask his teacher for helpC. give advice to his teacherD. say thank you to his teacherDAmerican boys and girls love to watch television. Some children spend six hours a day in school and four to sixhours a day in front of the television set.Some even watch television for eight hours or more on Sunday.Televisions are like books or films.A child can learn bad things and good things from them. Some shows help children to understand the news and places from other countries or other times in history. With television a child does not have to go to the zoo to see animals or to the ocean to see a ship. Boys and girls can see a play, a concert or a game at home.Televisions bring many places and events into our homes. Some programs show crime and other things that are bad for children,so parents sometimes help them to find other interesting things to do.46. Children usually spend a day in school.A. six hoursB. more than eight hoursC. only a few hoursD. four hours47. Some children spend eight hours or more on Sunday.A. studyingB. playingC. watching TVD. helping their parents48. On television children can see.A. gamesB. big animalsC. oceansD. almost everything49.“Televisions bring many places and events into our homes” means_____________.A. Televisions make things happen on homesB. We can know places and events without going to see themC. We can see houses and buildings on TVD. We can find them easily50. Parents sometimes help their children find other things to do when there is for children on TV.A. a bad programB. an animalC. a gameD. an uninteresting film.Ⅳ.口语交际(5)从方框中选择恰当的向子补全对话, 其中有两项多余。
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初二下学期期中考试复习题一、根据首字母或句子意思完成单词，使句意完整。
1.He was very tired（累）, and fell a__________ after dinner.2.Chinese people have got rid of __________(饥饿).3.The _________（感觉）of helping others makes me ________（觉得）happy.4.Playing computer games too much is a w________(浪费) of your time.5.What's the m________with you?6.I have a t_________, so I want to see a dentist（牙医）.7.I will help to c_______ up the city park.8.The room is full of r___________ . Could you take it out?9.You shouldn’t c_________ my homework. You should do it alone.10. 5. Alice h________ (厌恶)to do the dishes, but she likes sweeping the floor.二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. While Ann ___________________ (talk) with her desk mate, the teacher came in.2.We will put off the sports meeting if it _______ (rain) tomorrow.3.During his first year, he often fell ill and his grades________ (drop) .4. Jim asked me _________ (call) him.5. The harder you study, the ____________ (happy) you'll be.6.China is one of the oldest ____________________(country) in the world.7. I don't know how_____________(cook)it.8. Ben didn’t fall asleep until the wind _____ ______(die down)at around 3:00 a.m.9. Many children became _____________(home) after the flood.10. Thursday is the __________(five) day of a week.11. My father often asks me ____________(sweep) the floor.12. Some people are good at b________(borrow) but bad at giving back.13. Doing chores can help children to understand the idea of _____________(fair).三、单项选择。
(每空1分，共40分)（）1.You could visit sick children in the hospital and _____ them_____.A.set , upB. clean, upC.cheer, upD. give ,up( ) 2. We can’t put off _____ a plan .A.makeB. to makeC.makingD.to making( ) 3.It takes me two hours _______my homework every day.A.doingB.to doC.didD.does( )4. _______ is not easy to look after a little baby.A.TheB.WhatC.ItD.How( )5.—Could you please pass me the book?— _______________.A. I could.B.No, I couldn’t.C.Sure, here you are.D.No, that’s no problem.( )6. You should _______smoking. It’s bad for your health.A.get upB.put upC.give upD.look up( )7. --Could I borrow your dictionary? Of course, you ______ .A. canB. mustC.. shouldD. have to( ) 8. -Could I ______ a dictionary from you. David?Sorry , I ______ it to my cousin yesterday.A. lend; borrowedB. borrow; lendC. borrow: lentD. borrowed; lend ( )9. Mary, could you please help me ______ my baby? I am going to do some shopping.A. look forB. look atC. look overD. look after( )10. What’s______with you?A. wrongB.the wrongC.matterD.up( )11. ________give him a watch?A.What aboutB.Let’sC.Why don’tD.Why don’t you ( )12. I think the result must_______ him very much.A.surpriseB.surprisedC.surprisingD.surprises ( )13. When the man downstairs knocked at the door, I _______.A. am doing houseworkB. was doing houseworkC. were doing houseworkD.am going to do housework( )14.Mr. Black talked about his son with the teacher______ the phone.A. byB. onC. inD. With( )15. May I have a rest? I have already finished _______the report.A. writeB. writingC. to writeD. written( )16. Alice is_______ nervous _______she can’t talk in front of the class.A.such; thatB. too; toC. so; thatD. Such; so( )17. Who will go to attend that meeting _______ me?A. insteadB. butC. notD.instead of( )18. My father was reading a newspaper while my mother ________ dinner.A.is cookingB. cooksC. was cookingD. will cook( )19 Now all of us exercise at ___ least ____ hour a day and outside school.A the ,aB a, anC 不填 aD 不填 an( )20 You may ___ the book for two weeks.A. keepB. borrowC. lendD. buy( )21.The old man looks very unhappy, because he lives_____ ,and he feels very____ .A.alone；aloneB.lonely；lonelyC.alone；lonelyD.lonely；alone ( )22.He is very angry with his mother, because his mother always ______ him with the best student.paresplainsC.tellsD.makes( )23. Is there _______in this story?A.wonderful somethingB.something wonderfulC.wonderful anythingD.anything wonderful( )24.Here is the book. First___ it and then tell me what you think of it.A look intoB look throughC look upD look after( )25.-Are you___ of the dark?- Yes, so I always go to sleep with my bedroom lights _____ .A worry; onB worried; offC afraid; onD fear; off( )26.Ann often helps me ___ math after school.A. forB. withC. onD. by( ) 27. When you have difficulty, do remember to ________ . Two heads are better than one.A. make a decisionB. give upC. ask for helpD. give advice( )28.Debbie is growing fast. She is even _________ than her mother.A tallB tallerC tallestD the tallest( )29.-It’s too late. I have to go now.-Oh, it’s raining outside. Don’t leave ________ it stops.A sinceB untilC whileD when( )30. It’s getting dark. Please ________ the light.A turn onB turn offC turn downD turn around ( )31. The work is ___________. You can finish it by yourself.A. easy enoughB. enough easy.C. difficult enoughD. enough difficult ( )32. There are about five ________ monkeys in the mountain.A. hundred B .hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of ( )33. Tian’anmen Square is one of ______ squares in the world.A. largeB. largerC. largestD. the largest( )34. Study hard! _______ you study, _______ results you’ll get.A. Harder; betterB. The harder; better.C. The harder; the betterD. Harder; the better.( )35--- Do you know ______ the Great Wall is?- I think it’s more than 5000 kilometers long.A. how deepB. how wideC. how farD. how long( )36. There are many beautiful flowers in the world, but in parents’eyes, their children are the _______ of all.A. as beautiful asB. more beautifulC. less beautifulD. most beautiful( )37. ______Lucy tries her best to study,she won’t pass the exam.A. IfB. WhenC. BeforeD. Unless ( )38. We need to ____ up with a plan on Clean-up Day.A. comeB. goC. workD. Study( )39. It often snows in ____ winter.A a B. an C. the D. /( )40. The zoo was far away from my hotel. It ____ me at least two hours to get there.A. tookB. has takeC. takesD. will take四、句型转换。