简单句、并列句和复合句
简单句、并列句和复合句按照句子的结构可分:简单句并列句和复合句三种。
简单句只有一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语。
并列句由并列连词and, but, or,so等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。
复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。
复合句包含:状语从句\名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)和定语从句等三种。
并列句的分类并列句指把两个同等重要的句子连接在一起,句子之间常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等并列连词连接。
表示选择关系常用的连词有:or, either…or…, otherwise等表示转折关系常用的连词有:but, still, however, yet, while, when等。
表示因果关系常用的连词有:so, for, therefore等。
复合句:1.状语从句:(1)状语从句的分类状语从句通常修饰主句的动词或整个句子,由从属连词引导,从属连词在从句中不充当句子成分。
根据状语从句所表达的不同意义和功能,可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比较、方式等状语从句。
(2)连接状语从句的词语时间状语从句:when, whenever每当……,after, before, as, as soon as, hardly/ scarcely...when..., no sooner...than.。
.一……就……,while, till, until, since, once。
名词词组the first time第一次,last time最后一次,every/each time每次,the next time下次,the next day第二天, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant 一……就……;副词immediately, instantly, directly等也可作连词使用。
原因状语从句:because, since, as, now that。
地点状语从句:where,wherever(无论那里)。
让步状语从句: no matter who/whom/what/which/how/when/where, though, although, as, even if /even though, whatever, whoever, however, wherever, whenever等。
条件状语从句: if, unless, as/so long as(如果;只要),in case (万一); on condition that(如果), suppose, supposing, providing, provide。
目的状语从句:in order that (为了),so that (以便)。
比较状语从句:(not) as/so…as…,than…, the more…the more…(越……越……) 引导。
方式状语从句:as(正如;按照),as if/as though (好像)引导。
结果状语从句: so that (结果是),so/such…that (如此……以至于)。
(3)从句中的语序复合句中通常采用陈述语序。
但是,在下面的几种情况下,状语从句多采用倒装语序:①当连词as, though连接让步状语从句时,作表语的名词、形容词、动词通常置于句首,构成部分倒装语序。
例如:Much as I ha ve traveled, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John。
Try as she might, Carol couldn't get the door open。
Strange though it may seem, I like housework。
②在so/such...that.。
.结果状语从句中,so+形容词/副词或such+名词置于句首时,主句采用部分倒装语序。
例如:So successful was her business that Marie was able to set up new branches elsewhere.Such was the force of the explosion that windows were blown out。
③在hardly/scarcely...when..., no sooner...than.。
.句式中,把hardly/scarcely/no sooner置于句首时,第一个分句采用部分倒装语序,即把第二个分句用陈述语序。
例如:Scarcely had he sat down when there was a knock at the door。
④ however与形容词、副词一起引导让步状语从句,句子采用陈述语序。
例如:However amusing the story is, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week。
⑤ 在the +比较级the+比较级句式中,只是把形容词或副词置于句首,句子仍然采用陈述语序。
例如:Education is about learning and the more you learn, the more equipped for life you are。
(4)从句和主句中谓语动词的时态在复合句中,主句和从句的谓语动词时态一般遵循以下的规律:①表示“同时”意义的连词as, when, as soon as, the moment, while 等连接的时间状语从句,主句和从句时态基本一致。
例如:As time passed, things seemed to get worse。
② 表示“将来”意义的条件、时间和让步状语从句中多用一般现在时,而主句用一般将来时,被称为“主将从现”。
例如:Tom won’t go to sleep unless his mother tells him a story。
Once I get him a job, he’ll be fine。
③ since引导的时间状语从句多用一般过去时,而含有since从句的主句通常用现在完成时。
例如:I haven’t met her since I left university。
④在句式hardl y/scarcely…when…, no sooner…than…中,第一个分句中过去完成时,第二个分句用一般过去时。
例如:She had hardly sat down when the phone rang。
⑤ 在as if/though 引导的状语从句中,如果表示一种与事实相反夸张,从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时。
例如:She stared at me as though I were a complete stranger。
(5)状语从句的省略当从句的主语与主句的主语相同时,被动结构的状语从句,可省略与主句相同的主语和助动词,保留连词+过去分词;主动结构的状语从句,可省略与主句相同的主语和助动词,保留连词+现在分词。
例如:We all know that, if not carefully dealt with, the situation will get worse。
Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university。
(6)状语从句被用于强调结构中状语从句作为被强调部分用于强调结构时,一律用It is/was …that…,不能用when 代替that。
句子用陈述语序。
注意:当强调Not until +时间/时间状语时,主句的谓语动词不再采用倒装语序。
例如:It was not until the war was over that the soldier was able to return home。
2. 名词性从句(1)名词性从句分类:按照在句中的功能,名词性从句分为:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。
(2) 名词性从句的连接词名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:that无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可被省略;表示“是否”用whether,只有在宾语从句中,whether可被人if代替。
Whether和if在从句中不担任成分。
如果从句缺少主语、表语、宾语、或定语等句子成分,用连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which;如果从句缺少状语,用连接副词when, where, how, why。
由于连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句,因而从句中谓语不用疑问语序。
连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分,而连接词whether 和if(是否),在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。
(3) 名词性从句中的特殊时态① 在以下三种主语从句中,主语从句的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”, should 可省略。
(1)It is+形容词+that…句型。
常见的形容词有important, necessary, natural, funny, strange, surprising, astonishing(令人惊讶的)等。
(2) It is +名词+that…句型。
常见的名词有pity, shame, advice, suggestion, proposal(提议,建议), requirement, request, desire, order等。
(3) It is+动词的过去分词+ that…句型。
常见的动词有advise, order, propose, request, suggest, demand, require等。
②在insist(坚持), urge (催促), order(命令), command(命令), suggest(建议),advise(建议),recommend(建议,推荐), request(请求,要求), demand(要求),require(要求,需要)等动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”, should可省略。
③ 在含有advice, order, demand, proposal(提议), requirement, suggestion等名词的表语从句、同位语从句中,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可省略。
④在一些表示惊讶、意志等感情色彩的名词性从句中,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”或“should +have done”,译为“竟然,居然”。
简单句,并列句,复合句
简单句、并列句和复合句一句子可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句:1) 简单句:有时句子虽长, 但只有一个主谓结构, 仍是简单句, 例如:Yesterday we went to an exhibition on the life and work of Lenin, the great revolutionary leader of the working class.有时一个句子有两个(或两个以上)并列的主语或谓语, 也仍然是简单句There he was a leader of the student movement and took an active part in revolutionary work.Both the teachers and the students were very active in physical labour.Comrade Yang and I often study together and help each other.2) 并列句:一个句子如果包含两个或更多的互不依从的主谓结构, 就称为并列句。
He was always close to the people, and the people loved him.I didn't make any mistakes in the test, but my handwriting was poor.Some are walking by the lake, others are sitting on the benches and chatting.并列的各个部分(即各个主谓结构)称为分句。
各个分句用并列连词(如and, but 等)连接;在上下文紧密联系的情况下也可不用连词, 而以逗号隔开(如上面第三句)。
3) 复合句:I hope (希望) you will help me with my grammar. (作宾语)He took full notes while he read. (作状语)My idea is that we go by bicycle. (作表语)这种作为一个句子成分的主谓结构称为从句(以别于主句,即全句的主要部分)。
简单句、并列句和复合句
简单句、并列句和复合句常考点解读1.熟练运用S+V+P,S+V,S+V+O,S+V+IO+DO,S+V+O+OC五种基本句型。
2.考查并列句的连接词。
3.识别简单句、并列句和复合句。
易混点突破一.简单句只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。
如:Tom and Mike are Americans.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.二.并列句由并列连词(and,but,or,so,for等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子。
如:You help him with his English and he helps you study math.并列句的分类:(1)表示连接两个同等概念,常用and,not only…but also…,neither…nor…,then等连接。
如:My English teacher likes soccer and my math teacher likes playing Chinese chess.(2)表示选择,常用的连词有or,either…or…等。
如:Hurry up,or you’ll miss the early bus.(3)表示转折,常用的连词有but,however,while等。
如:He was short,but he ranvery fast.(4)表示因果关系,常用的连词有so,for等。
如:He felt bad,so he didn’t go to schoolthis morning.三.复合句复合句指的是含有两个或更多的主谓结构的句子,其中有一个(或更多)主谓结构充当句子某一(些)成分,如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语等,主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从旬都属于复合句。
简单句 并列句 复合句
1. 陈述句(Declarative Sentences)
用来说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。例如: 1) Light travels faster than sound.
光比声传播速度快。(说明事实) 2) The film is rather boring.
这部电影很乏味。(说明看法)
要特别注意陈述句的否定结构
6. 状语 ( Adverbial )
常指修饰动词、形容词或副词的成分,修饰动词时 表示动作发生的时间、地点、目的或方式等;修饰 形容词或副词时表示它们的程度等。状语常由副词、 介词短语、动词不定式或分词短语等充当。 例如: 1. The miners work very hard. 2. She often helps Mike at school. 3. Hearing the news, he couldn’t help jumping.
3. 宾语 ( Object )
常指及物动词或介词后面使之意思完整的词或短语。 常由名词、代词、动词不定式或动名词短语等充当。 例如: 1. She has finished doing the experiment. 2. We like English and are good at it.
4. 表语 ( Predicative )
5)主 + 动 + 间宾 + 直宾 例如: My mother made me a new dress. 我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。
IV. 并列句的常用连词
1. 我们常用并列连词and, not only…but also…等 连接联合并列句,用not only…but also… 时, 前面一句要用部分倒装 。例如: 1)Use your head, and you’ll find a way. 2)Not only does he want to come, but the students also need him.
简单句并列句复合句
能连接并列复合句的副词
• besides 而且,还有 • hence 由此,因此 • nevertherless然而 • moreoever加之,因此 • otherwise 否则,要不然 • then 然后,于是 • therefore 因此,要不然 • then 然后,于是 • therefore因此,所以 • thus 因而,从而 • i am not feeling very well today, otherwise i would do
• 第四种句型: • 主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 • 如:He brings me cookies every day. • They gave him a watch.
• 第五种句型: • 主语+动词+宾语+宾语补足语 • 如:He asked me to answer this question. • We often see him play basketball alone.
• 如:The old woman lives alone, but she never feels lonely.
• we love peace but we are not afraid of war.
第三种:表示选择关系
• 此类并列连词有or, otherwise, either…or…等。
• 第二种句型: • 主语+动词+宾语 • 如:He loves his wife.
• We will always remember the junior high school life.
• 第三种句型: • 主语+连系动词+表语 • 如:I am a winner. • The music sounds nice. • We are in the classmate.
高考复习-简单句-并列句和复合句
像上面这样,用从属连词连接两个简单句之后, 一个句子是主要的(主句),另外一个句子(从 句)是说明主要句子发生的时间、原因、条件等, 这样构成的句子称为复合句。
C.一个句子如果含有从句,如名词性从句(主语从句、
宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语 从句等,这个句子就是复合句。
定)语从句
I don’t know where he comes from.(
宾)语从句
Where he was born is not known yet.(
主)语从句
This place is where they once lived.(
表语)从句
考点5 一个句子有两个主谓结构时,要 考虑它们之间的连接问题
Dad on the farm.
并列句
考点4 引导的是什么从句,不仅要根据连词,还要根据句 子结构和句意来判别
说出下列复合句中,where引导的是什么从句。
You can find it where you left it.(
状)语从句
Tell me the address where he lives.(
His wife was ill, so/and he had to stay at home.
考点3 复合句
A. 用从属连词连接的句子是复合句。
还先两个错句: He likes English, his English is very good. × His wife was ill, he had to stay at home. ×
5.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country复m合u句sic.
英语句子分类之简单句,并列句和复合句
英语句子结构分类英语句子结构分类:简单句,并列句和复合句的概念及区别1. 简单句:无论句子长短,只包含一套主谓结构,句子中个个成分都是单词或短语。
有时主语或谓语可以是并列结构。
请划出下面句子的主谓宾成分。
The accident happened yesterday afternoon Our English teacher is thirty years old. He put the dictionary in the backpack.Grandma told me an interesting story last night. She kept the door open.My classmates and friends all received my Christmas cards and thanked me very much.and/but/or/so/however/for 等把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来。
如: Come here and I ' ll help you. 请划出两个分句并判断各分句的成分。
并列连词:主要有 but (但是 ), yet (可是), while ( 而,却 )等 主要 or (或者,还是,否则 ), either, or (不是 、就是 ), neither, or,(既不、也不 ) otherwise (要不然 ) 主要有 and, not only, but also,( 不但 ,而且 ), when (=and just at this time 就在这时 )等。
主要有for (因为), so (因此 )等。
并列句例句:1. This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink, ___ b ut ____ prefer to drink by taking a smallamount at a time.2. My mother wants to decorate our rooms in a modem look__while ___ my father prefers a traditional style.3. It was time for her to have a new baby, ___and ___ i t was also time for the young panda to independent.4. He is a shy man , __but/yet _____ h e is not afraid of anything or anyone. 解析: But/yet 转折连词。
简单句并列句复合句
简单句并列句复合句简单句、并列句、复合句根据语法形式,即句子的结构,英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
1简单句句型:主语+谓语只包含一个主谓结构,而句子的各个结构都只由单词或短语表示They are playing baseball in the garden. 他们正在公园里打棒球。
Her brother and sister both are teachers. 她的哥哥和姐姐都是老师。
2并列句句型:简单句+并列连词+简单句(常见的并列连词有and,but,or)并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。
并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要,相互之间没有从属关系,是平行并列的关系。
它们之间用连词连结。
Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher.I liked the story very much but Li Ming wasn''t interested in it.Hurry up,or you''ll be late.3 复合句句型:主句+连词+从句;或连词+从句+主句(包含一个主句、一个或一个以上的从句,或只包含一个从句,但有两个或两个以上的主句的句子叫复合句。
)复合句(The Complex Sentence):句子中有一个或一个以上的从句,叫做复合句。
复合句可分为:1).定语从句(The Attributive Clause);2).状语从句(The Adverbial Clause);3).名词性从句(The Noun Clause):一、定语从句, 定语从句的定义定语从句在句子中作定语,用来修饰一个名词、名词词组或者代词。
, 先行词和引导词被修饰的名词、名词词组或代词叫做先行词;在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫做引导词。
引导词分为“关系代词”和“关系副词”。
, 关系代词和关系副词关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which, as。
简单句、并列句和复合句的区别
简单句、并列句和复合句的区别在英语中,句子根据句子结构可以分为:简单句、并列句和复合句。
你知道要怎么区别简单句、并列句和复合句吗?接下来,店铺跟你分享简单句、并列句和复合句的区别方法。
如何区分简单句、并列句和复合句简单句、并列句和复合句的区别一、简单句当一个句子只包含一个主谓结构时,我们称之为简单句。
The train(主语) has just touched down(谓语).在英语中,最基本的句型大体上有五种。
1. S+Vi:主语+不及物动词She sat down beside me.2. S+V+P:主语+系动词+表语Mother isn't in at the moment.3. S+Vt+O:主语+及物动词+宾语I hope to finish the work today.4. S+Vt+OI+OD:主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语My uncle gave me a camera.5. S+Vt+O+C:主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语The news made us sad.备注:S:主语Vi:不及物动词Vt:及物动词O:宾语OD:直接宾语OI:间接宾语C:宾语补足语二、并列句两个或两个以上独立的主谓结构或简单句并列在一起,我们称之为并列句。
各个简单句间是平行并列的关系,而非从属关系。
并列句的各个分句间可用逗号、分号、起连接作用的副词或并列连接词来连接。
1. 能连接并列句的连词and(和,又),but(但是),for(因为),however(然而),or(或者),so(所以,因而),while(然而),yet(然而)2. 能连接并列句的复合连词or else(否则,要不然),either...or...(要么···,要么···;或者···,或者···),neither...nor...(既不···,也不···),not only...but also(不仅···,而且···)3. 能连接并列句的副词besides(而且,还有),hence(因此),otherwise(否则,要不然),then(然后,于是),therefore(因此,所以),thus(因而,从而) 根据并列分句之间的不同关系,并列句则可以分为以下四种。
英语句子分类之简单句,并列句和复合句
英语句子结构分类英语句子结构分类:简单句,并列句和复合句的概念及区别1.简单句:无论句子长短,只包含一套主谓结构,句子中个个成分都是单词或短语。
有时主语或谓语可以是并列结构。
请划出下面句子的主谓宾成分。
The accident happened yesterday afternoonOur English teacher is thirty years old.He put the dictionary in the backpack.Grandma told me an interesting story last night.She kept the door open.My classmates and friends all received my Christmas cards and thanked me very much.2.并列句: 由并列连词and/but/or/so/however/for等把两个或两个以上的简单句连接起来。
如:Come here and I’ll help you. 请划出两个分句并判断各分句的成分。
并列连词:一、表转折的并列连词主要有but(但是), yet(可是), while(而,却)等二、表选择的并列连词主要or (或者,还是,否则), either, or (不是、就是), neither, or,(既不、也不) otherwise (要不然)等。
三、表联合的并列连词主要有and, not only, but also,(不但,而且), when(=and just at this time 就在这时)等。
四、表因果的并列连词主要有for(因为), so(因此)等。
并列句例句:1. This is the custom of China. They are not like us to finish it in one drink, _____but_____prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time.2. My mother wants to decorate our rooms in a modem look__while_____my father prefers a traditional style.3. It was time for her to have a new baby, ___and____it was also time for the young panda to independent.4. He is a shy man,__but/yet_______he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 解析:But/yet转折连词。
中考英语语法专项复习:简单句、并列句和复合句
中考英语语法专项复习:简单句、并列句和复合句句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。
复合句中包含宾语从句、状语从句或定语从句等。
◆一简单句简单句就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子,其句式结构主要有五种:①主 + 谓。
He works in a big company. 他在一家大公司工作。
②主 + 系 + 表。
She is a kind girl. 她是一个善良的女孩。
③主 + 谓 + 宾。
Ann eats junk food twice a week .安一周吃两次垃圾食品。
④主 + 谓 + 间宾 + 直宾。
He gave me a pen .他给我一支钢笔。
⑤主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补。
He kept me waiting for two hours .他让我等了两小时。
◆二并列句并列句由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。
并列句中的各简单句同等重要,没有从属关系,是并列的关系,之间用并列连词连接。
1. 表示顺承的并列连词有and / not only …but (also)等。
如:She not only gaveus a lot of advice, butalso helped us to overcome difficulties .他不仅给了我们很多建议,而且还帮助我们克服困难。
2. 表示选择的并列连词有or,either …or …等。
如:Either you or Maria will haveto go .你或玛丽亚得去一趟。
3. 表示转折的并列连词有but,yet,however 等。
如:It is hot in summer here , butit’s not cold in winter .这里夏天热,但冬天不冷。
4. 表示因果关系的并列连词有so,如:He works hard , so he is one of the topstudents in our class .因为他学习努力,所以他是我们班最优秀的学生之一。
