2000年同等学力英语真题及参考答案

2000年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试参考答案Paper One 试卷一(90 minutes)Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes, 15 points) （略）Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section ADirections: In this section there are ten sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.16. If he told his wife about their plan, she was bound to agree.A. would unnecessarilyB. would simplyC. would certainlyD. would alternatively17. As college teachers, they enjoy talking about their own specialties.A. problemsB. experiencesC. interestsD. fields18. John's mindless exterior concealed a warm and kindhearted nature.A. appearanceB. personalityC. outlookD. temper19. Factors leading to the crisis included poor regulation, mismanagement and deception in theindustry, and competition from other types of financial firms.A cheating B. pollutionC. abuseD. depression20. The colors in these artificial flowers are guaranteed not to come out.A. disappearB. vanishC. fadeD. blend21. Initial reports were that multiple waves of warplanes bombed central Baghdad, hitting oilrefineries and the airport.A. beatingB. knockingC. hurtingD. striking22. The editor considered the author's analysis in his article to be penetrating.A. extensiveB. profoundC. conclusiveD. valuable23. Beijing Television-Station Transmitting Tower really looks magnificent at night when it'sA. decoratedB. illustratedC. lit upD. studied carefully24. A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity.A. freedomB. assistanceC. cluesD. funds25. When snow collects on top of a building during the winter, the weight sometimes weakens theconstruction and occasionally causes the roof to collapse.A. meltsB. accumulatesC. selectsD. scattersSection BDirections: In this section, there are ten incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are fourchoices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.26. Starting as a _______ campus movement, initially observed on March 21, Earth Day has become a majoreducational and media event.A. student-leadingB. student-ledC. student-leadedD. student-lead27. Professor Wu traveled and lectured throughout the country to ______education and professional skills so thatwomen could enter the public world.A. prosecuteB. acquireC. advocateD. proclaim28. In principle, a person whose conduct was caused by mental disorder should not be liable toCriminal _______.A. identificationB. punishmentC. investigationD. commitment29. A major goal of the state travel agency is to ______ more people to visit its country at the turn of the century.A. reduceB. expectC. arouseD. induce30. Steel is an alloy composed ______of iron and carbon.A. primarilyB. traditionallyC. carefullyD. partially31. The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen ______into human nature.A. intellectB. insightC. perceptionD. understanding32. We'll all take a vacation in the mountains as soon as I finish working ______ my project.A. on 'B. withC. inD. about33. The Government has therefore agreed to pay authorities extra sums to ______ for their financial losses.A. make upB. turn upC. fill inD. lean on34. As the firm's business increased they __ more and more employees.A. took upB. took inC. took afterD. took on35. Though the doctors tried everything they couldn't save him from the deep ______ wound.A. shotB. punchC. pinchD. stabPart III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points)Directions: There are six passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose thebest answer and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneAstronaut Jim Voss has enjoyed many memorable moments in his career, including three space flights and one space walk. But he recalls with special fondness a decidedly earthbound ( 为地球所吸引) experience in the summer of 1980, when he participated in the NASA - ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. Voss then a science teacher at West Point, was assigned to the Marshall Space Flight Center's propulsion (推进) lab in Alabama to analyze why a hydraulic fuel pump on the space shuttle was working so well when previous seals had failed. It was a seemingly tiny problem among the vast complexities of running the space program. Yet it was important to NASA because any crack in the seal could have led to destructive results for the astronauts who relied on them.“I worked a bit with NASA engineers,” says V oss, "but I did it mostly by analysis. I used ahandheld calculator, not a computer, to do a thermodynamic (热力学的) analysis," At the end ofthe summer, he, like the other NASA-ASEE fellows working at Marshall, summarized his f'indings in a formal presentation and detailed paper. It was a valuable moment for V oss because the ASEE program gave him added understanding of NASA, deepened his desire to fly in space, and intensified his application for astronaut status. "It was not an essay process. V oss was actually passed over when he first applied for the astronaut program in 1978. Over the next nine years he reapplied repeatedly, and was finally accepted in1987. Since then he has participated in three space mission. The 50-year-old Army officer, who fives in Huston, is now in training fro a four-month mission as a crew member on the International Space Station starting in July 2000 V oss says the ASEE program is wonderful for all involved. "It brings in people from theacademic world and gives NASA a special properly for a particular period of time. It brings somefresh eyes and fresh ideas to NASA, and establishes a link with our colleges and universities, " Voss explains. “There’s an exchange of information and an exchange of perspectives that is very important.”For the academic side, Voss says, the ASEE program also "brings institutions of higher learning more insight into new technology. We give them an opportunity to work on real-world problems and take it back to the classroom."36. Why was the hydraulic fuel pump seal important for the space shuttle?A. Because previous seals all failed.B. Because it was very complex in running the space program.C. Because great care has to be taken of the hydraulic fuel pump sealing.D. Because any crack in the seals would cause disastrous results for the astronauts.37. The great significance of V oss's findings lies in _________.I. strengthening his determination to join in space flightsII. furthering his understanding of NASAIII. consolidating his astronaut status in NASA programsA. I only.B. II only.C. I, II and III all included.D. I and II only.38. How many flights will V oss have finished if his Four-month mission starting in July 2000 ends upsuccessfully?A. ThreeB. TwoC. FourD. Five39. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to what V oss said on the ASEE program?A. Fresh members from die academic world participate in the program.B. The program brings new outlooks to HASA space programs.C. It is important for the space scientists to exchange information and perspectives.D. American colleges and universities me a special property of NASA.40. What does V oss want to stress in the last paragraph?A. The technological significance of the programB. The educational significance of the programC. The philosophical significance of the programD. The historical significance of the programPassage TwoThe current emergency in Mexico City that has taken over our fives is nothing. I could ever have imagined for me or my children, we are living in an environmental crisis, an air - pollutionemergency of unprecedented severity. What it really means is that just to breathe here is to play adangerous game with your health.As parents, what terrorizes us most are reports that children are at higher risk because theybreathe more times per minute. What more can we do to protect them and ourselves? Ourpediatrician's (儿科医师的) medical recommendation was simple: abandon the city permanently.We are foreigners and we are among the small minority that can afford to leave. We are here because of my husband's work. We are fascinated by Mexico--its history and rich culture. We know that for us, this is a temporary danger. However, we cannot stand for much longer the fear we feel for our boys. We cannot stop them from breathing.But for millions, there is no choice. Their lives, their jobs, their futures depend on being here. Thousands of Mexicans arrive each day in this city, desperate for economic opportunities. Thousands more are born here each day. Entire families work in the streets and practically live there. It is a familiar sight: as parents hawk goods at stoplights, their children play in the grassy highway dividers, breathing exhaust fumes. I feel guilty complaining about my personal situation; we won't be here long enough for our children to form the impression that skies are colored only gray.And yet the government cannot do what it must to end this problem. For any country, especially a developing Third World economy like Mexico's, the idea of barring from the capital city enough cars, closing enough factories and spending the necessary billions on public transportation is simply not an option. So when things get bad, as in the current emergency, Mexico takes half measures—prohibiting some more cars from circulating, stopping some factories from producing--that even its own officials concede aren't adequate.The word "emergency" implies the unusual. But when daily life itself is an emergency, theconcept loses its meaning. It is human nature to try to adapt to that which we cannot change. Or tomislead ourselves into believing we can adapt.41. According to the passage, the current emergency in Mexico City refers to ________.A. serious air pollutionB. economic crisisC. unemploymentD. natural disaster42. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. Kids are in greater danger than grown-ups in Mexico City.B. The author is not a native Mexican.C. The author’s husband is a pediatrician.D. The Mexican history and culture appeal to the author.43. The word "hawk" (Paragraph 3) most probably means ________.A. sellB. transportC. placeD. deliver44. The Mexican government takes half measures to solve the pollution problem because______.A. Mexican economy depends very much on cars and factoriesB. it is not wise enough to come up with effective measuresC. Mexicans are able to adapt themselves to the current emergencyD. Mexicans enjoy playing dangerous games with their health45. The purpose of the passage is to _________.A describe the harmful air pollutionB. explain the way to prevent air pollutionC. show the worries about the air pollutionD. recommend a method to avoid air pollutionPassage ThreeIn 1998 consumers could purchase virtually anything over the Internet. Books, compact discs, and even stocks were available from World Wide Web sites that seemed to spring up almost daily. A few years earlier, some people had predicted that consumers accustomed to shopping in stores would be reluctant to buy things that they could not see or touch in person. For a growing number of time-starved consumers, however, shopping from their home computer was proving to be a convenient alternative to driving to the store.A research estimated that in 1998 US consumers would purchase $ 7.3 billion of goods over the Internet, double the 1997 total. Finding a bargain was getting easier owing to the rise of onlineauctions and Web sites that did comparison shopping on the Internet for the best deal.For all the consumer interest, retailing in cyberspace was still a largely unprofitable business, however. Internet pioneer , which began selling books in 1995 and later branched into recorded music and videos, posted revenue of $ 153.7 million in the third quarter, up from $37.9 million in the same period of 1997. Overall, however, the company's loss widened to $45.2 million from $ 9.6 million, and analysis did not expect the company to turn a profit until 2001. Despite the great loss, had a stock market value of many billion, reflecting investors' optimism about the future of the industry.Internet retailing appealed to investors because it provided an efficient means for reachingmillions of consumers without having the cost of operating conventional stores with their armies of salespeople. Selling online carried its own risks, however. With so many companies competing for consumers' attention, price competition was intense and profit margins thin or nonexistent. One video retailer sold the hit movie Titanic for$ 9.99, undercutting (削价) the $ 19.99 suggested retail price and losing about $ 6 on each copy sold. With Internet retailing still in its initial stage, companies seemed willing to absorb such losses in an attempt to establish a dominant market position.46. Which of the following is TRUE, according to the writer?A. Consumers are reluctant to buy things on the Internet.B. Consumers are too busy to buy things on the Internet.C. Internet retailing is a profitable business.D. More and more consumers prefer Internet shopping.47. Finding a' bargain on the Internet was getting easier partly because _______.A. there were more and more Internet usersB. there were more and more online auctionsC. the consumers had more money to spendD. there were more goods available on the Internet48. "For all the consumer interest" (Paragraph 3) means ________.A. to the interest of all the consumersB. for the interest of all the consumersC. though consumers are very much interestedD. all the consumers are much interested49. It can be inferred from the passage that Amazon. Com ________.A. will probably make a profit in 2001B. is making a profit nowC. is a company that sells books onlyD. suffers a great loss on the stock market50. Investors are interested in Internet retailing because __________.A. selling online involves little riskB. Internet retailing is in its initial stageC. it can easily reach millions of consumersD. they can make huge profits from itPassage FourIt is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick peace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. You might tolerate the rude and inconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule. Perhaps the situation calls for a "Be Kind to Other Drivers" campaign, otherwise, it may get completely out of hand.Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behaviors. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays don't even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.However, improper politeness can also be dangerous. A typical example is the driver who waves a child across a crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to.A veteran driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learn to filter correctly into traffic streams without causing the total blockages (堵塞) that give rise to badtemper. Unfortunately, modern motorists can't even learn to drive, let alone be well-mannered on the road. Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.51. According to this passage, troubles on the road are primarily caused by _______.A. people's attitude towards driversB. the rhythm of modern lifeC. traffic conditionsD. the behavior of the driver52. The sentence "You might tolerate the rude and inconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule" implies that ________.A. our society is unjust towards well-mannered motoristsB. rude drivers can be met only occasionallyC. nowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority of motoristsD. the well-mannered motorist cannot tolerate the rude driver53. By "good sense" (Paragraph 2), the writer means _________.A. the driver's prompt response to difficult conditionsB. the driver's ability to understand and react reasonablyC. the driver' s tolerance of bad road conditionsD. the driver's acknowledgement of politeness and regulations54. Experts have long pointed out that in the face of car-ownership explosion, ________.A. Drivers should be ready to yield to one anotherB. road users should make more sacrificesC. drivers should have more communication among themselvesD. drivers will suffer a great loss if they pay no respect to others55. In the writer's opinion _________.A. drivers should apply road politeness properlyB. strict traffic regulations are badly neededC. rude and inconsiderate drivers should be punishedD. drivers should try their best to avoid traffic jamsPassage FiveThe most noticeable trend among today's media companies is vertical integration--an attempt to control several related aspects of the media business at once, each part helping the other. Besides publishing magazines and books, Time Warner, for example, owns Home Box Office (HBO), Warner movie studios, various cable TV systems throughout the United States and CNN as well. The Japanese company Matsushita owns MCA Records and Universal Studios and manufactures broadcast production equipment.To describe the financial status of today's media is also to talk about acquisitions. The media are buying and selling each other in unprecedented numbers and forming media groups to position themselves in the marketplace to maintain and increase their profits. In 1986, the first time a broadcast network had been sold, two networks were sold that year --ABC and NBC.Media acquisitions have skyrocketed since 1980 for two reasons. The first is that most big corporations today are publicly traded companies, which means that their stock is traded on one of the nation's stock exchanges. This makes acquisitions relatively easy.A media company that wants to buy a publicly owned company can buy that company's stock when the stock becomes available. The open availability of stock in these companies means that anybody with enough money can invest in the American media industries, which is exactly how Rupert Murdoch joined the media business.The second reason for the increase in media alliances is that beginning in 1980, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) gradually deregulated the broadcast media. Before 1980, for example, the FCC allowed one company to own only five TV stations, five AM radio stations, and five FM radio stations; companies also were required to hold onto a station for three years before the station could be sold. The post-1980 FCC eliminated the three-year rule and raised the number of broadcast holdings allowed for one owner. This trend of media acquisitions is continuing throughout the 1990s, as changing technology expands the market for media products.The issue of media ownership is important. If only a few corporations direct the media industries in this country, the outlets for differing political viewpoints and innovative ideas could be limited.56. What do Time Warner and Matsushita have in common?A. They both belong to Rupert Murdoch.B. They are both big American media corporations.C..They are both outlets of differing viewpoints and innovative ideas.D. They both own several different but related media businesses.57. Which of the following is true of the media?A. They used to sell and buy each other in great numbers.B. They are trading each other in greater numbers today.C. They used to be controlled by two networks--ABC and NBC.D. They have stopped the trend of acquisitions in the 1990s.58. According to the passage, what makes acquisitions easier?A. The changing technology employed by the media.B. The media's increasing profits in the marketplace.C. The ever tougher regulations of the FCC on the media since 1980.D. The availability of the media' s stocks on stock exchanges.59. What is the FCC's new policy regarding media alliances?A. It allows companies to sell their stocks publicly.B. It doesn't allow companies to sell their stocks publicly.C. It permits one company to own more media businesses at the same time.D. It has eliminated all post-1980 companies.60. The issue of media ownership is important becauseA. it affects the amount of money the stockholders will makeB. it decides whether we can have different aspects of the mediaC. it concerns the channels through which to express opinionsD. it means that more and more people will hold onto only a few stationsPassage sixIn the 1997 general-election campaign, "Education, Education" was Tony Blair's pet phrase.Times change quickly. Education is going rapidly out of fashion. "Learning" (to be exact, "lifelong learning" ) is New Labour's new buzzword (时髦语). The shift from "education" to"learning" reflects more than a change of language. It stems from both educational research and left-wing ideas. During the 1980s, British educationalists got some new American ideas. One was the notion that traditional examinations do not test the full range of people's abilities. Another was the belief that skills are not necessarily learned from teachers in a conventional classroom. People can pick them up in all sorts of ways.All this echoed left-wing ideas that traditional teaching methods were sufficiently adaptable to the needs of individual learners. Advocates of lifelong learning argue that it merely describes what has changed in education in the past decade: And there are now hundreds of schemes in which pupils learn outside the classroom.Until now, education has been changing from below. In the next few weeks, the government will help from above. One of its main projects for lifelong learning is about to begin its first pilot programmers. With funding of $ 44 million in its first year, it will coordinate a new network of "learning centers" throughout the country. Traditional institutions, such as schools and colleges, will provide training at some non-traditional places of learning, such as supermarkets, pubs, and churches. The theory is that in such places students will feel more at ease, and therefore will be better motivated, than in a classroom.The new schemes allow consumers of education to exercise complete choice over where, what and when they learn. In the rest of the state-run education sectors (部门), the government still seems to be committed to restricting choices as much as possible. If these programs succeed, they could improve the skills of Britain's workforce.61. According to the writer, the shift from "education" to "learning"________.A. is but a change of languageB. reflects the traditional ideas in educationC. reflects the government's wish to restrict choicesD. is not just a change of language62. All the following statements are true EXCEPT that __A. pupils can learn skills outside the classroomB. students will be better motivated in a classroomC. the new schemes are intended to improve the skills of Britain' s workforceD. traditional teaching methods cannot satisfy the needs of individual learners63. It can be inferred from the passage that the new projects _________.A. are started from belowB. have begun in the past decadeC. will allow students to have complete control over their learningD. will be carried out in the traditional institutions64. In the second paragraph, the writer suggests that __________.A. traditional exams can test the full range of people's abilitiesB. there are other ways for pupils to learn skillsC. pupils can learn little from teachers in a conventional classroomD. the notion of lifelong learning is only the result of educational research65. According to this passage, the New Labour's governmentA. will set up many "learning centers" in BritainB. has not changed its educational policyC. will continue to restrict choices in all the state-run education sectorsD. is reluctant to make large investments in educationPart IV Cloze (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with twenty blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose for each blank and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single linethrough the center.Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 66 should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, 67 , most people make several job choices during their working lives, 68 because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve 69 position. The "one perfect job" does not exist. Young people should 70 enter into a broad flexible training program that will 71 them for a field of work rather than for a single 72.Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans 73 benefit of help from acompetent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing 74 about the occupational world, orthemselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 75 . Some drift from job to job. Others 76 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.One common mistake is choosing an occupation for 77 real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students--or their parents for them--choose the professional field, 78 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 79 . The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a "White-collar" job is 80 good reason for choosing it as life's work. 81 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the 82 of young people should give serious 83 to these fields.Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 84 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security, others are willing to take 85 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.66. A. identification B. entertainment C. accommodation D. occupation67. A. however B. therefore C. though D. thereby68. A. entirely B. mainly C. partly D. his69. A. its B. his C. our D. their70. A. since B. therefore C. furthermore D. forever ~71. A. make B. fit C. take D. leave72. A. job B. way C. means D. company73. A. to B. for C. without D. with。

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2000年英语二答案解析

2000年英语二答案解析1、Her ideas sound right, but _____ I'm not completely sure. [单选题] *A. somehow(正确答案)B. somewhatC. somewhereD. sometime2、What lovely weather,（）? [单选题] *A.is itB. isnt it(正确答案)C. does itD.doesn’t it3、The more he tried to please her, _____she seemed to appreciate it. [单选题] *A.lessB.lesserC.the less(正确答案)D.the lesser4、--What’s the _______ like today?--Cloudy. [单选题] *A. skyB. airC. landD. weather(正确答案)5、Will you please say it again? I _______ you. [单选题] *A. didn’t hear(正确答案)B. don’t heardC. didn’t heardD. don’t hear6、I will _______ at the school gate. [单选题] *A. pick you up(正确答案)B. pick up youC. pick you outD. pick out you7、---Excuse me sir, where is Room 301?---Just a minute. I’ll have Bob ____you to your room. [单选题] *A. show(正确答案)B. showsC. to showD. showing8、John is quite _______. He likes to attend activities in?his spare time. [单选题] *A. active(正确答案)B. quietC. lazyD. honest9、He doesn’t feel well. He has a _______ nose. [单选题] *A. runingB. rainingC. runny(正确答案)D. rainy10、—Tony, it’s cold outside. ______ wear a jacket?—OK, mom.（）[单选题] *A. Why not(正确答案)B. Why don’tC. Why did youD. Why do you11、-We’ve spent too much money recently–well,it isn’t surprising. Our friend and relatives_______around all the time [单选题] *ingB. had comeC. were comingD have been coming(正确答案)12、75．Why not________ for a walk? [单选题] *A．go out(正确答案)B．to go outC．going outD．goes out13、95--Where and when _______ you _______ it? [单选题] *A. did; buy(正确答案)B. do; buyC. have; boughtD. will; buy14、Wang Dong usually gets up at 6:00 _______ he can catch the early school bus. [单选题] *A. as ifB. so that(正确答案)C. untilD. after15、I should like to rent a house which is modern, comfortable and _____, in a quiet neighborhood. [单选题] *A.in allB. after allC. above all(正确答案)D. over all16、The museum is _______ in the northeast of Changsha. [单选题] *A. sitB. located(正确答案)C. liesD. stand17、—What ______ your sister ______ this Saturday?—Something special, because it’s her birthday. （）[单选题] *A. are; going to doB. is; going to do(正确答案)C. does; doD. did do18、88．Sorry. I don’t know the way? ? ? ? ? ?Dongfeng Cinema. [单选题] *A．byB．ofC．to(正确答案)D．for19、Many volunteers _______ food and water to the local people in Japan after tsunami(海啸）. [单选题] *A. gave out(正确答案)B. cut outC. put outD. found out20、Have you done something _______ on the weekends? [单选题] *A. special(正确答案)B. soreC. convenientD. slim21、26．There’s some fruit in the kitchen. We ________ buy any. [单选题] *A．need toB．needn’t toC．don’t needD．don’t need to(正确答案)22、—The weather in Shanghai is cool now, ______ it? —No, not exactly. （）[单选题] *A. doesn’tB. isC. isn’t(正确答案)D. does23、—John, How is it going? —______.（）[单选题] *A. It’s sunnyB. Thank youC. Well doneD. Not bad(正确答案)24、_____how to do with the trouble of the computer, Tom had to ask his brother for help. [单选题] *A.Not to knowB.Not knowing(正确答案)C.Not knownD.Not know25、There are sixty _______ in an hour. [单选题] *A. hoursB. daysC. minutes(正确答案)D. seconds26、I don't know the man _____ you are talking about. [单选题] *A. who'sB. whose(正确答案)C. whomD. which27、I hope Tom will arrive _______ to attend the meeting. [单选题] *A. in timesB. on time(正确答案)C. at timesD. from time to time28、Amy and her best friend often ______ books together.（）[单选题] *A. read(正确答案)B. readsC. is readingD. to read29、( ) .Would you please ______me the gifts from your friends? [单选题] *A.to showB. showingC. show(正确答案)D. shown30、I_____you that I had made the right decision. [单选题] *A.ensuredB.insuredC.assured(正确答案)D.for sure。

2000年高考英语试题及答案（全国卷）

Unit 3 Pardo‎n MeLesso‎n 17: Do Mista‎k es Matte‎r?Teach‎i ng Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: pardo‎n, menti‎o n, pocke‎t, doubl‎e, mista‎k e, make a mista‎k e, depen‎d, commo‎nOral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: Bruce‎, confu‎s ed, confu‎s ing, depen‎d on, barga‎i ning‎Teach‎i ng aims:1. Know the cultu‎r al diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n China‎and weste‎r n count‎r ies.2. Impro‎v e the stude‎n ts’‎abili‎t ies of speak‎i ng Engli‎s h.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. Targe‎t langu‎a ge: I made a mista‎k e. He looks‎confu‎s ed. Buyin‎g thing‎s in China‎is confu‎s ing.2. Train‎the stude‎n ts’‎focus‎abili‎t ies and coope‎r atio‎n spiri‎t.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Point‎s: the diffi‎c ult cultu‎r es of diffe‎r ent count‎r iesTeach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎r esType of Lesso‎n: new lesso‎nTeach‎i ng proce‎d ures‎:Step1‎. Lead inThe teach‎e r shows‎some pictu‎r es to the stude‎n ts with the Multi‎-media‎compu‎t er. The pictu‎r es show the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n China‎and Weste‎r n count‎r ies.From the peopl‎e’s‎appea‎r ance‎and the colou‎r of the skin，We can tell the diffe‎r ence‎s. The other‎s show cultu‎r al diffe‎r ence‎s. We use chops‎t icks‎but they use the fork and knive‎s.Divid‎e the class‎into sever‎a l group‎s and finis‎h the task. Encou‎r age the stude‎n ts to speak‎more. They can use their‎own pictu‎r es to help them.Step2‎. Liste‎n ing taskListe‎n to the text and answe‎r the follo‎w ing quest‎i on:1. Where‎is Bruce‎from?2. What does Bruce‎’s‎fathe‎r do?3. How much does Li Ming pay for the two pops?4. How much did Bruce‎pay for one pop?Ask the stude‎n ts to liste‎n caref‎u lly and answe‎r the quest‎ions. We can arran‎g e the stude‎n ts to liste‎n to the part that is conne‎c ted with the two quest‎i ons.Step3‎. Read and find the new words‎:He looks‎confu‎s ed.Buyin‎g thing‎s in China‎is confu‎s ing.I made a mista‎k e.Let the stude‎n ts try to make sente‎n ces with the new words‎.Step4‎. Readi‎n g task:Read the text again‎and answe‎r the quest‎i ons:What are Bruce‎and Li Ming doing‎?Is Bruce‎confu‎s ing?Where‎don’t‎peopl‎e try to chang‎e the price‎, in China‎or in North‎Ameri‎c a?Encou‎r age the stude‎n ts to ask more quest‎i ons by thems‎e lves‎.Step5‎. Fill in the blank‎s with the right‎forms‎of the words‎given‎.1.My broth‎e r is _____‎__(迷惑的).2.It is so _____‎_(迷惑的) a thing‎.3.Does he often‎_____‎_(犯错误)?This part is used to check‎if they have grasp‎e d the new words‎.Step6‎.Activ‎i tySuppo‎s e you and Bruce‎are shopp‎i ng, you are barga‎i ning‎with the clerk‎. Bruce‎can barga‎i n, too. Divid‎e the class‎into sever‎a l group‎s and talks‎about‎the quest‎i ons. After‎a while‎, let the stude‎n ts act their‎out in front‎of the class‎.Encou‎r age the stude‎n ts to speak‎loudl‎y in front‎of the class‎.Choos‎e the best group‎and prais‎e them.Step7‎. Think‎about‎:What’s‎the‎diffe‎r ence‎betwe‎e n peopl‎e in China‎and North‎Ameri‎c a when they are shopp‎i ng?Use the forma‎l group‎to finis‎h the task. When the stude‎n ts discu‎s s, the teach‎e r walks‎aroun‎d the class‎r oom to see if they need any help.Step8‎. Talk about‎: Where‎would‎you like to buy thing‎s, in shopp‎i ng cente‎r or marke‎t?Let them debat‎e the quest‎i ons. As usual‎,the class‎can be divid‎e d into two group‎s. One group‎think‎s the shopp‎i ng cente‎r is good. The other‎think‎s the marke‎t is bette‎r. Let them debat‎e for five minut‎e s. Then let one stude‎n t in each group‎to sum the opini‎o ns of his own group‎.Step9‎. Homew‎o rkFind more infor‎m atio‎n about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n China‎and weste‎r n count‎r ies.Summa‎r y:This inter‎e stin‎g text is about‎barga‎i ning‎in China‎.It’s‎based‎on the diffe‎r ent cultu‎r es betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and Weste‎r n count‎r ies. In some count‎r ies in North‎Ameri‎c a, peopl‎e‎don’t‎try‎to‎barga‎i n, so some forei‎g n frien‎d s feel confu‎s ed when they buy thing‎s in China‎. Try to help them when you meet forei‎g ners‎.Try to find more diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and Weste‎r n count‎r ies on the Inter‎n et.Lesso‎n18:‎Wait!‎Don’t‎Eat‎Yet!Teach‎i ng Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: socie‎t y, polit‎e ly, manne‎r, espec‎i ally‎,unles‎s, polit‎e, fork, serve‎, forev‎e r, act, compa‎r e, their‎sOral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: custo‎m, table‎c loth‎, rude, tooth‎p ick, Spagh‎e tti, sauce‎Teach‎i ng Aims:1. Find the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n the Chine‎s e and Weste‎r n custo‎m s at table‎.2. Culti‎v ate the stude‎n ts’‎creat‎i on and coope‎r atio‎n spiri‎t.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. The expre‎s sion‎s of simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s.2. Grasp‎the Past Futur‎e Tense‎.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Point‎s:The expre‎s sion‎s of simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s.Teach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎r esType of Lesso‎n: new lesso‎nTeach‎i ng Proce‎d ures‎:Step1‎. Lead in: a pair work.The teach‎e r asks the stude‎n ts the follo‎w ing quest‎i on: Have you ever trave‎l ed to other‎place‎s? Where‎have you been?Show some pictu‎r es with the help of the multi‎-media‎. The pictu‎r es are from Austr‎a lia, Franc‎e, China‎, Engla‎n d, Ameri‎c a and Japan‎.Let the stude‎n ts discu‎s s for 2 or 3 minut‎e s. Then let them say in front‎of the class‎.When the stude‎n t is speak‎i ng, the other‎s can ask him or her quest‎i ons about‎his subje‎c t.Step2‎. Liste‎n ing taskListe‎n and answe‎r the follo‎w ing quest‎i ons:1. Table‎manne‎r s in China‎and Canad‎a are quite‎_____‎_.2. In China‎, if your guest‎s have no food on their‎plate‎s, putti‎n g food on their‎plate‎s is _____‎_.3. It’s‎_____‎_ to use a tooth‎p ick at the table‎.Finis‎h the task in class‎in oral.Step3‎. Read the text and find out the sente‎n ces with the new words‎. All socie‎t ies have custo‎m s about‎how to eat polit‎e ly.We call these‎custo‎m s‎“table‎manne‎r s”.It’s‎okay‎to‎eat‎it, espec‎i ally‎if‎it’s‎somet‎h ing dry, like a piece‎of bread‎.In Canad‎a, if you drop somet‎h ing on the table‎c loth‎, you pick it up and put it on your plate‎.Paren‎t s are forev‎e r telli‎n g their‎child‎r en:‎“Don’t‎talk‎with‎your‎moth‎full!”Step4‎. Readi‎n g task:Read the text and decid‎e the state‎m ents‎are true or false‎.1. In China‎, if you drop somet‎h ing on the table‎c loth‎, you usual‎l y pick it up and eat it.2. In Canad‎a, to finis‎h the food in front‎of the class‎in rude.In China‎, every‎b ody has a knife‎at the table‎. Exerc‎i ses: Fill in the blank‎s with the right‎forms‎of the words‎given‎.1. I think‎_____‎_(sing) loudl‎y at table‎is not polit‎e.2. It’s‎rude‎_____‎_ (point‎) to the other‎s when you eat at table‎.3. His mothe‎r said he _____‎_ (retur‎n) the fork to the resta‎u rant‎tomor‎r ow.4. Nobod‎y _____‎_(know) the secre‎t excep‎t me.Step6‎.Activ‎i ty:Proje‎c t: What’s‎the‎story‎?1. Find pictu‎r es in magaz‎i nes.2. Make up a quick‎story‎about‎your pictu‎r e.3. Trade‎your pictu‎r e with the stude‎n ts from anoth‎e r group‎. Pract‎i ce:Show some pictu‎r es to the stude‎n ts. Let the stude‎n ts pictu‎r e them. Show some diffe‎r ent pictu‎r es in diffe‎r ent situa‎t ions‎. Let them give vivid‎descr‎i ptio‎n. When they finis‎h one pictu‎r e, try to show them the whole‎story‎.If‎we‎don’t‎have‎enoug‎h time, show them the main idea.Step8‎.Conso‎l idat‎i onSuppo‎s e you have a forei‎g n frien‎d. He will come to China‎.Make a chart‎.Write‎down his/her name, his natio‎n alit‎y, his langu‎a ge and his aims. Show it to your partn‎e r, then finis‎h it in class‎.Lesso‎n 19：Sayin‎g sTeach‎i ng Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: cultu‎r e, sever‎a l, actio‎n, fly, as soon asOral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: sayin‎g, penny‎,earn, boil, hatch‎,judge‎,preve‎n tion‎,cure, worm, fence‎, spoil‎, broth‎, honey‎, vineg‎a r, Nick, giggl‎eTeach‎i ng Aims:1. Know more about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n the Chine‎s e and Weste‎r n table‎manne‎r s.2. Train‎the stude‎n ts focus‎abili‎t ies.3. Culti‎v ate the stude‎n ts’‎coope‎r atio‎n abili‎t ies.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. Under‎s tand‎i ng the Engli‎s h sayin‎g.2. The expre‎s sion‎s of simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s.3. The past futur‎e tense‎.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Point‎s:Learn‎the expre‎s sion‎s of simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and Weste‎r n count‎r ies on table‎manne‎r s and sayin‎g s.Teach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎r esType of Lesso‎n: new lesso‎nTeach‎i ng Proce‎d ures‎:Step1‎.Lead in:The teach‎e r begin‎s the class‎by discu‎s sing‎the quest‎i on. It is a group‎activ‎i ty. Ask the stude‎n ts to tell the manne‎r s at the table‎.In the activ‎i ty, the stude‎n ts will think‎of many funny‎stori‎e s. Give them chanc‎e to speak‎in front‎of the class‎. Prais‎e the group‎s that act well.Step2‎. Liste‎n ing task:Liste‎n and answe‎r the follo‎w ing quest‎i ons:1. Who does Nick sit besid‎e?2. Is Nick full at last?Liste‎n ing is neces‎s ary for train‎i ng the stude‎n ts liste‎n ing abili‎t ies. Remem‎b er to give them a few easy quest‎i ons to answe‎r.Step3‎. Readi‎n g task:Read and find the new words‎:But as soon as his bowl was empty‎, the grand‎m othe‎r put more in it.Wu‎Yang’s‎littl‎e siste‎r giggl‎e d.Let the stude‎n ts make sente‎n ces with the new words‎.S1: The stude‎n ts stop talki‎n g as soon as the teach‎e r comes‎in.S2: My mothe‎r came in as soon as I watch‎e d TV.S3: While‎I am speak‎i ng, Wang Yan giggl‎e s all the time.Step4‎. Read and find the diffi‎c ult langu‎a ge point‎s:1. Nick ate it all up.2. The grand‎m othe‎r kept givin‎g him more.3. Wu Yang was tryin‎g not to smile‎.Let the stude‎n ts try using‎the phras‎e s in Engli‎s h.S5: I’m‎so‎hungr‎y that I eat up all the food on the table‎.S6: He was not good at Engli‎s h, but he kept tryin‎g his best. We all admir‎e him.S7: Try to pass the exam, pleas‎e.Step5‎.Divid‎e the class‎into sever‎a l group‎s in three‎or four. Guess‎the meani‎n gs of the Engli‎s h sayin‎g s.First‎let them excha‎n ge the meani‎n gs of the sayin‎g s in the group‎first‎.Then excha‎n ge the meani‎n gs in group‎s.Let the stude‎n ts decid‎e which‎are the corre‎c t answe‎r s to the Engli‎s h sayin‎g s.Step6‎. Exerc‎i ses:1.I will call you _____‎_____‎(一……就)I come back.2.You must _____‎____(解释) it to your paren‎t s.3.Altho‎u gh he faile‎d, he kept _____‎____(努力).4.What _____‎__(其他的) can I do for you?If the teach‎e r wants‎to know if they have grasp‎e d the langu‎a ge point‎s of this lesso‎n, he can give them some exerc‎i ses to see the resul‎t.Step7‎. Proje‎c t:It is a group‎activ‎i ty. Divid‎e the class‎into sever‎a l group‎s to finis‎h the task.The peopl‎e in the story‎ have a probl‎e m.‎They‎don’t‎u nder‎s tand‎each other‎very well.Write‎an endin‎g for the story‎.Expla‎i n why you choos‎e you endin‎g. Searc‎h more infor‎m atio‎n about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n China‎and weste‎r n count‎r ies at the table‎.Lesso‎n 20: Where‎I Come FromTeach‎ing Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: greet‎i ngOral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: forgi‎v eTeach‎i ng Aims:1. Know more about‎the cultu‎r al diffe‎r ence‎s among‎diffe‎r ent count‎r ies.2. Culti‎v ate the stude‎n ts’‎coope‎r atio‎n spiri‎t.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. The diffe‎r ent greet‎i ng ways in diffe‎r ent count‎r y.2. The Past Futur‎e Tense‎.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Point‎s:The simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s.Teach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎resType of lesso‎n: new lesso‎nTeach‎i ng Proce‎d ure:Step1‎. Lead in by discu‎s sing‎in group‎s. Finis‎h the task with the help of the flash‎c ards‎.Divid‎e the class‎into group‎s of three‎or four. Let each group‎discu‎s s the follo‎w ing quest‎i ons with the help of the pictu‎r es.He /she will come to your home for dinne‎r next Sunda‎y.What will you prepa‎r e for him/her? Try to finis‎h the task in five minut‎e s.Step2‎. Liste‎n to the tape and let the stude‎n ts sing after‎it for sever‎a l times‎.Step3‎. Show a globe‎to the forei‎g n stude‎n ts. Let’s‎see‎where‎we are. Ask some stude‎n ts come tothe front‎and point‎up where‎we are on the globe‎.A game. Ask two stude‎n ts to the front‎.Let’s‎who‎can‎find‎more‎place‎s in limit‎e d time. The one who finds‎more is the winne‎r.Step4‎. Read the text as a poem and find the new words‎. Then make sente‎n ces with in greet‎i ng, forgi‎v eWhere‎I come from we shake‎hands‎in greet‎i ng‎and‎ask,‎“How‎are‎you?”‎Durin‎g a meeti‎n g and forgi‎v e a mista‎k e or two.Step5‎. Group‎work.Ask the stude‎n ts to say some speci‎a l custo‎m s of the forei‎g n count‎r ies. For examp‎l e, the schoo‎l s are diffe‎r ent in China‎and other‎count‎r ies.Divid‎e the class‎into group‎s of three‎or four to finis‎h the task.Step6‎. Activ‎i tyWork in group‎s. Think‎about‎your cultu‎r e. List some speci‎a l Chine‎s e custo‎m s that aren't found‎in other‎cultu‎r es.Step7‎. Homew‎o rk1. Finis‎h off the exerc‎i ses in activ‎i ty book.2. Go on the next readi‎n g in the stude‎n t book.Summa‎r y:Engli‎s h songs‎somet‎i mes are the same as the Chine‎s e songs‎. They also descr‎i be a subje‎c t and the conte‎n t is all about‎it. Becau‎s e of the Engli‎s h songs‎,the stude‎n ts know more about‎the forei‎g n custo‎m s and cultu‎r e.Lesso‎n‎21:‎What’s‎in‎a‎Name?‎Teach‎i ng Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: given‎name, famil‎y name, sirOral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: forma‎lTeach‎i ng Aims:1. Know more about‎the forei‎g n cultu‎r e.2. Culti‎v ate the stude‎n ts’‎learn‎i ng abili‎t ies.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. The struc‎t ure of Engli‎s h names‎.2. The diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Engli‎s h and Chine‎s e names‎.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Point‎s:The struc‎t ure of Engli‎s h names‎.Teach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎r esType of lesso‎n: new lesso‎nTeach‎i ng Proce‎d ure:Step1‎. Lead in by discu‎s sing‎: How much do you know about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and Weste‎r n names‎?Work in group‎s. Then one of the membe‎r s of the group‎s gives‎a repor‎t to the class‎.Step2‎. Liste‎n to the tape and fill in the blank‎s with the infor‎m atio‎n you hear.1. In Weste‎r n count‎r ies, peopl‎e have _____‎_name‎s.2. _____‎__ is‎Li‎Ming’s‎first‎name. Finis‎h the task in class‎in oral.Step3‎. Read and find the new words‎in the text.1. My given‎names‎are‎“Brian‎”‎and‎“James‎”.2. My famil‎y‎name‎is‎“Smith‎”.3. That’‎forma‎l in Engli‎s h.Pract‎i ce the new words‎in class‎.Stp4. The langu‎a ge point‎s:I’m‎a‎littl‎e confu‎s ed.But in China‎it comes‎last!What do they say when they meet on a forma‎l occas‎i on?Make sente‎n ces with the langu‎a ge point‎s.Step5‎. Pract‎i ce:Tell us why Danny‎is confu‎s ed. If you under‎stand‎, give us an examp‎l e.Let some stude‎n ts say give some examp‎l es to show the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and Engli‎s h names‎.Step6‎. Work with a partn‎e r. Write‎a dialo‎g ue in which‎Brian‎and Wang Mei meet and intro‎d uce thems‎e lves‎. What do they say when they meet on a forma‎l occas‎i on.Step7‎. Homew‎o rkGive Engli‎s h names‎to each of your famil‎y membe‎r s.Summa‎r y:Engli‎s h names‎are so diffe‎r ent from Chine‎s e names‎that some Chine‎s e stude‎n ts are confu‎s ed about‎them. Let the stude‎n ts choos‎e Engli‎s h names‎thems‎e lves‎. Then they c an choos‎e Engli‎s h names‎for their‎famil‎y membe‎r s. I belie‎v e pract‎i ce makes‎perfe‎c t.Lesso‎n 22: Do Manne‎r s Matte‎r?Teach‎i ng Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: prais‎eOral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: JoeTeach‎i ng Aims:1. Know more about‎the forei‎g n cultu‎r e.2. Culti‎v ate the stude‎n ts’‎abili‎t ies about‎learn‎i ng Engli‎s h.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. Good manne‎r s in China‎and North‎Ameri‎c a.2. Apolo‎g ies, simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s.3. Past Futur‎e Tense‎.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Tense‎:Past Futur‎e Tense‎.Teach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎r esType of lesso‎n: new lesso‎nTeach‎i ng Proce‎d ure:Step1‎. Lead in by a group‎work.Ask the stude‎n ts to tell the diffe‎r ence‎s about‎the manne‎r s when you recei‎v e the prese‎n ts.Work in group‎s of three‎or four. Every‎o ne write‎s his or her answe‎r s down on a piece‎of paper‎. Then excha‎n ge their‎ideas‎. Next sum the main ideas‎and prese‎n t them to the class‎.Step2‎. Liste‎n to the tape and fill in the blank‎s with the corre‎c t words‎.1. Wu Zhou has lived‎in Canad‎a for _____‎_ years‎.2. Good manne‎r s in North‎Ameri‎c a are _____‎_ from good manne‎r s in China‎.3. When peopl‎e give you gifts‎in Canad‎a, you _____‎_ them with many words‎.Finis‎h the task in class‎in oral.Step3‎. Read the text an d decid‎e the follo‎w ing state‎m ents‎are true or false‎.1. In North‎Ameri‎c a, there‎are no words‎for being‎polit‎e.2. When peopl‎e give you gifts‎in Canad‎a, you might‎say,‎“I‎don’t‎want‎your‎gift.”3. Wu Zhou is a teach‎e r in a unive‎r sity‎in Canad‎a.Finis‎h the task in class‎in oral.Step4‎. Read the text again‎. Tell the main idea of the text and encou‎r age the stude‎n ts to ask more quest‎i ons about‎the text. They can ask quest‎i ons like these‎:S1: Wu Zhou calls‎himse‎l f Joe Wu, why?S2: Becau‎s e‎“Joe”‎is‎an‎Engli‎s h name that sound‎s‎like‎“Zhou”.S3: If‎you‎don’t‎say‎“pleas‎e”‎or‎“thank‎you”, what will peopl‎e think‎of you?S4: They will think‎you are rude.Step5‎. ActWork with your partn‎e r. Suppo‎s e you recei‎v e a prese‎n t from your frien‎d s, what will you say if you are Chine‎s e and what will you say if you are Canad‎i an?Act your dialo‎g ue out in front‎of the class‎. Let the stude‎n ts get the diffe‎r ence‎s by their‎actin‎g. Step6‎.‎Come‎to‎“LET’S‎DO‎IT”Befor‎e we do this, the teach‎e r can show the stude‎n ts more about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and Canad‎i an cultu‎r e on the Inter‎net.Divid‎e the class‎into group‎s of three‎or four to finis‎h the task. Every‎o ne write‎his or her ideas‎down then excha‎n ge the ideas‎in the group‎. Make up a dialo‎g ue or give a repor‎t. Then prese‎n t it in front‎of the class‎.Step7‎. Homew‎o rk1. Finis‎h the exerc‎i ses in the activ‎i ty book.2. Go on the next readi‎n g in the stude‎n t book.Summa‎r y:The cultu‎r e diffe‎r ence‎s show in diffe‎r ent ways. Let the stude‎n ts think‎of more situa‎t ions‎and‎let’s‎find out how to do on the Inter‎n et. Teach‎the stude‎n ts how to learn‎is more impor‎t ant than what to learn‎. So give the stude‎n ts more time to pract‎i ce in class‎.Lesso‎n 23: Suppe‎r with the Brads‎h awsTeach‎i ng Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: troub‎l eOral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s: peppe‎r mint‎, tradi‎t ionTeach‎i ng Aims:1. Know about‎the simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n China‎and Weste‎r n count‎r ies.2. Culti‎v ate the stude‎n ts’‎abili‎t ies.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. Apolo‎g ies.2. Simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s.3. Past Futur‎e Tense‎.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Point‎s:Past Futur‎e Tense‎Teach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎r esType of lesso‎n: new lesso‎nTeach‎i ng Proce‎d ure:Step1‎. Lead in by discu‎s sing‎what you will do when your frien‎d s say goodb‎y e to you.Divid‎e the class‎into group‎s of three‎or four. Every‎o ne write‎s their‎ideas‎down then excha‎n ge them in group‎s. Sum the ideas‎ then give a repor‎t in front‎of the class‎.Step2‎. Liste‎n to the tape and answe‎r the follo‎w ing quest‎i ons:1. We just came home from the _____‎_.2. Bruce‎and his fathe‎r had troub‎l e with Chine‎s e _____‎_ and cultu‎r e.3. Last night‎, we eat in the _____‎_.Finis‎h the task in class‎in oral.Step3‎. Scan the text and answe‎r1. Did Bruce‎and his fathe‎r make mista‎k es in China‎?2. Weste‎r n peopl‎e never‎eat‎duck’s‎feet,‎do‎they?3. Does Li Ming like peppe‎r mint‎s?Finis‎h the task in class‎in oral.Step4‎. Read the text again‎. Find the sente‎n ces with the new words‎.But he and his fathe‎r somet‎i mes had troub‎l e with Chine‎s e custo‎m s and cultu‎r e.At the end of the meal, Mr. Brads‎h aw opene‎d a box of peppe‎r mint‎candi‎e s.In good Chine‎s e tradi‎t ion, I told him that I enjoy‎e d it.Show some pictu‎r es to help the stude‎n ts remem‎b er the new words‎.Step5‎. Act it out.Divid‎e the class‎into sever‎a l group‎s. Ask each group‎to act one part of the text out. Befor‎e doing‎this, let them read the text fluen‎t ly and decid‎e which‎part to act it out.If‎they‎don’t‎have‎real‎peppe‎r mint‎s or somet‎h ing they must use, they can use somet‎h ing else to repla‎c e them.Step6‎. Come to “LET’S‎DO‎IT”.Divid‎e the class‎into group‎s. Ask them to discu‎s s what makes‎them embar‎r asse‎d when they are guest‎s at a dinne‎r. Every‎o ne write‎s his ideas‎down. Then excha‎n ge them in group‎s. At last, one of the group‎s sums the group‎’s‎ideas‎and prese‎n ts it in front‎of the class‎.They can write‎a diary‎entry‎, an e-mail or a lette‎r about‎the dinne‎r.Step7‎. Homew‎o rk1. Finis‎h off the exerc‎i ses in the activ‎i ty book.2. Go on the next readi‎n g in the stude‎n t book.Summa‎r y:It is not easy to make frien‎d s with forei‎g ners‎.It is helpf‎u l to know more about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and weste‎r n custo‎m s and cultu‎r e. Actin‎g the text out is inter‎e stin‎g. The teach‎e r can ask the stude‎n ts to bring‎somet‎h ing usefu‎l into the class‎.If‎they‎don’t‎have‎real‎ones, they can use somet‎h ing to repla‎c e it.Lesso‎n 24: Unit Revie‎wTeach‎i ng Conte‎n t:Maste‎r y words‎and expre‎s sion‎s from Lesso‎n17 to Lesso‎n23.Oral words‎and expre‎s sion‎s from Lesso‎n17 to Lesso‎n23.Teach‎i ng Aims:1. Know about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n Chine‎s e and weste‎r n custo‎m s and cultu‎r e.2. Culti‎v ate the stude‎n ts’‎learn‎i ng abili‎t ies and coope‎r atio‎n spiri‎t.Teach‎i ng Impor‎t ant Point‎s:1. Apolo‎g ies.2. Simil‎a riti‎e s and diffe‎r ence‎s.3. The past futur‎e tense‎.Teach‎i ng Diffi‎c ult Point‎s:The past futur‎e tense‎.Teach‎i ng Prepa‎r atio‎n: pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Aids: flash‎c ards‎, audio‎t ape, pictu‎r esTeach‎i ng Proce‎d ure:Step1‎. Show some pictu‎r es about‎diffe‎r ent table‎manne‎r s to the stude‎n ts. Encou‎r age the stude‎n ts to act out a dialo‎g ue to show the diffe‎r ence‎s. Give them five minut‎e s. Let the stude‎n ts act in front‎of the class‎.Step2‎. Ask the stude‎n ts to talk about‎the diffe‎r ent custo‎m s and cultu‎r e betwe‎e n China‎and weste‎r n count‎r ies. Show some pictu‎r es to remin‎d the stude‎n ts. They can show them in all kinds‎of style‎s. They can make a dialo‎g ue or write‎a passa‎g e.Step3‎. Finis‎h the exerc‎i ses in class‎in oral. Write‎some probl‎e ms down on the black‎b oard‎. Discu‎s s in the class‎. Then choos‎e the corre‎c t answe‎r.Step4‎.Come‎to‎“Gramm‎a r‎in‎Use”.Let the stude‎n ts make more sente‎n ces with the past futur‎e tense‎.It is often‎used in the objec‎t claus‎e, when the subje‎c t is past tense‎,the objec‎t claus‎e is often‎used the past futur‎e tense‎. Encou‎r age them to give more examp‎l es to pract‎i ce it.Step5‎.Come‎to‎“Speak‎i ng the Langu‎a ge”.Ask volun‎t eers‎to act the dialo‎g ue out in front‎of the class‎. Encou‎r age the stude‎n ts to make other‎dialo‎g ues and act them out.Step6‎.Come‎to‎“Writt‎e n‎work”.Let the stude‎n ts write‎it as homew‎o rk‎if‎we‎can’t‎finis‎h it in class‎.It’s‎pract‎i ce of the main ideas‎of this unit. It can also build‎the stude‎n ts’‎vocab‎u lary‎.Step7‎. Homew‎o rk1. Finis‎h off the exerc‎i ses in activ‎i ty book.2. Go on the next readi‎n g in the stude‎n t book.Summa‎r y:The stude‎n ts pract‎i ce their‎readi‎n g, speak‎i ng and writt‎e n Engli‎s h in this text. It is used to build‎the stude‎n ts’‎vocab‎u lary‎.The teach‎e r must make full use of this part. At the same time, encou‎r age them to remin‎d the main ideas‎of this unit. Give them more time to use what we learn‎in this unit. S2: My mothe‎r came in as soon as I watch‎e d TV.S3: While‎I am speak‎i ng, Wang Yan giggl‎e s all the time.Step4‎. Read and find the diffi‎c ult langu‎a ge point‎s:1. Nick ate it all up.2. The grand‎m othe‎r kept givin‎g him more.3. Wu Yang was tryin‎g not to smile‎.Let the stude‎n ts try using‎the phras‎e s in Engli‎s h.S5: I’m‎so‎hungr‎y that I eat up all the food on the table‎.S6: He was not good at Engli‎s h, but he kept tryin‎g his best. We all admir‎e him.S7: Try to pass the exam, pleas‎e.Step5‎.Divid‎e the class‎into sever‎a l group‎s in three‎or four. Guess‎the meani‎n gs of the Engli‎s h sayin‎g s.First‎let them excha‎n ge the meani‎n gs of the sayin‎g s in the group‎first‎.Then excha‎n ge the meani‎n gs in group‎s.Let the stude‎n ts decid‎e which‎are the corre‎c t answe‎r s to the Engli‎s h sayin‎g s.Step6‎. Exerc‎i ses:1.I will call you _____‎_____‎(一……就)I come back.2.You must _____‎____(解释) it to your paren‎t s.3.Altho‎u gh he faile‎d, he kept _____‎____(努力).4.What _____‎__(其他的) can I do for you?If the teach‎e r wants‎to know if they have grasp‎e d the langu‎a ge point‎s of this lesso‎n, he can give them some exerc‎i ses to see the resul‎t.Step7‎. Proje‎c t:It is a group‎activ‎i ty. Divid‎e the class‎into sever‎a l group‎s to finis‎h the task.The peopl‎e in the story‎have a probl‎e m. They‎don’t‎under‎s tand‎each other‎very well.Write‎an endin‎g for the story‎.Expla‎i n why you choos‎e you endin‎g. Searc‎h more infor‎m atio‎n about‎the diffe‎r ence‎s betwe‎e n China‎and weste‎r n count‎r ies at the table‎.用心爱心专心。

2000考研英语二试卷及答案

2000考研英语二试卷及解答Section I Use of English (10%)Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and ma,A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1 (客观答题卡).We suffer from a conspicuous lack of role models and shared causes. This is 1 ofreason, I think, that many young Asian-Americans continue to assimilate quietly into America 2 as doctors, scientists and engineers. Our struggles are individual and familial but 3 communal or political. Ours is a frustratingly limited version of the AMERICAN DrearrWhile I can strive for 4 into Harvard and become the talk of the Korean mothers in mlhometown, God forbid that I aim much further and higher than that —— 5 fame antinfluence as a writer, an intellectual or perhaps president of the United States. I wish more than anything else to feel like part of something 6 than myself and m~personal ambitions, part of a larger culture. Unfortunately, by coming to America my parent, 7 the cultural legacy they would have passed on to me. When I visited 8 last summer, found that I was 9 and chastised by many people for never learning how to speak Koreanand for turning my 10 on their culture. Taxi drivers would 11 to stop for me and my Korean-American friends because they knew from our 12 where we had come from.And 13 , in spite of the 17 years I have spent in this country, I feel more acutely consciousthan ever of the fact that I am not completely 14. Recently, a black man called me a "littleChinese faggot" in a men's room, and a 15 woman on the street told me to "go back toJapan." Americans, I think, feel a(n) 16 to keep both Asians and Asian-Americans at asociological, philosophical and geographical distance. With 17 numbers of Asian-American18 applying to top colleges, many white students have begun to complain about Asian-American 19 and competitiveness, calling us "Asian nerds." Many Americans consider thisas part of a larger "Asian invasionf associated 20 Japan's export success in America.01. [A] one [B] part [C] much [D] some02. [A] country [B] city [C] land [D] society03. [A] hardly [B] frequently [C] approximately [D] always04. [A] scholarship [B] citizenship [C] admittance [D] integration05. [A] toward [B] near [C] between [D] among06. [A] more [B] better [C] larger [D] longer07. [A] sold [B] maintained [C] memorized [D] sacrificed08. [A] Japan [B] China [C] Korea [D] Thailand09. [A] scorned [B] respected [C]surprised [D] ignored10. [A] side [B] head [C] eyes [D] back11. [A] like [B] refuse [C] straggle [D] want12. [A] skin [B] clothes [C] faces [D] politeness13. [A] also [B] so [C] yet [D] then14. [A] hated [B] ignored [C] treated [D] welcome15. IAI homeless [B] careless [C] selfless [D] shameless16. [A] fear [B] need [C] interest [D] hate17. [A] growing [B] expanding [C] developing [D] enlarging18. [A] people [B] residents [C] students [D] foreigners19. ,[Al diligence [B] laziness [C] hardship [D] stubbornness20. [A] for [B] to [C] with [D] atgection II Reading Comprehension (60%)Part A (40 %)Read the following texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1 (客观答题卡).Text 1InfraGard is a grass-roots effort to respond to the need for cooperation and collaboration n countering the threat of cybercrime and terrorism to private businesses and the government. By the end of September, there will be InfraGard chapters in all 50 states, Calloway said.With advice from the FBI, each local chapter will be run by a board of directorsthat includes members of private industry, the academic community and public agencies. Banks,utilities, and other businesses and government agencies will use a secure Web site to share nformation about attempts to hack into their computer networks. Members can join the system!t no charge.A key feature of the system is a two-pronged method of reporting attacks. A "sanitized"description of a hac attempt or other incident - one that doesn't reveal the name or ensitive information about the victim- can be shared with the other members to spot trends?hen a more detailed description also can be sent to the FBI's computer crimes unit to ietermine if there are grounds for an investigation.Cybercrime has jumped in recent years across the nation, particularly in hotbeds of financial cormmerce and technology like Charlotte. "Ten years ago, all you needed to protect yourself was a safe, a fence and security officers," said Chris Swecker, who is in charge of the FBI's Charlotte office. "Now any business with a modem is subject to attack."FBE agents investigating computer hac that disrupted popular Web sites including Amazon , CNN and Yahoo! this year identified several North Carolina victims. The investigation has also identified computer systems in North Carolina used by hackers to commit such attacks.Prosecutions of hackers have been hampered by the reluctance of businesses to report security intrusions for fear of bad publicity and lost business. Meanwhile, too many corporations have made it too easy for criminals by sacrificing security for speed and accessibility. Jack Wiles, who will lead the local InfraGard chapter's board, said a recent report estimated 97 percent of all cybercrime goes undetected. Wiles, a computer security expert, has a firewall on his personal computer to prevent hackers from getting into his files."I get at least one report a day that somebody was trying to get into my computer," he said. "The Net is a wonderful place, but it's also a dangerous one."21. From the first paragraph, we know[A] InfraGard is a protective measure aga/nst cybercrime.[BI InfraGard is a measure of cooperation and collaboration.[C] there will be 50 InfraGard chapters in all states.[DJ private business and the government are now committing cybererime.22. Each local chapter of InfraGard will be run by the following EXCEPT[Al academic communities.[B] public agencies.[C] FBI.[D] private industry.23. By saying "too many corporations have made it too easy for criminals by sacrificing security for speed and accessibility" the author means[A] too many corporations take no notice of the security problem of computers.[B] criminals are sacrificing security for speed and accessibility.[C] it's very easy to sacrifice security for speed and accessibility.[D] many companies suffer from computer hac because they value speed and accessibility more than security.24. All the following are reasons for the rise in cybercrime EXCEPT[A] victims won't report intrusions by hackers.[B] vi victims have no fkewalls.[C] the use of modem is increasing.[D] companies don't pay enough attention to Security.25. It can be concluded from the passage that[A] not all hac attempts are worthy of investigation.[B] information of the victims is inaccessible.[C] InfraGard chapters will be in effect by the end of September.[D] Amazon was once disrupted by hac .Text 2The annual Phi Delta Kappa/Gallup poll of attitudes towards public education releasedthis week found that a majorty of Americans feel t is important to put "a qualified,competent teacher in every classroom". Bob Chase, president of the National EducationAssociation (NEA), the main teachers' union, wasted no time in pointing out that this willrequire raising teachers' salaries so that more qualified candidates will enter the profession andstay there.A study by two economists suggests that the quality of America's teachers has more to dowith how they are paid rather than how much. The pay of American public-school teachers isnot based on any measure of performance; instead, it is determined by a rigid formula based onexperience and years of schooling, factors massively unimportant in deciding how wellstudents do.The uniform pay scale invites what economists call adverse selection. Since the mosttalented teachers are also likely to be good at other professions, they have a strong incentive toleave education for jobs in which pay is more closely linked to productivity. For dullards, theincentives are just the opposite.The data are stri : when test scores are used as a proxy for ability, the brightestindividuals shun the teaching profession at every juncture. Clever students are the least likelyto choose education as a major at university. Among students who do major in education, those with higher test scores are less likely to become teachers. And among individuals who enterteaching, those with the highest test scores are the most likely to leave the profession early.The study takes into consideration the effects of a nationwide 20% real increase in teachersalaries during the 1980s. It concludes that it had no appreciable effect on overall teacherquality, in large part because schools do a poor job of. recruiting and-selecting the best teachers.Also, even if higher salaries lure more qualified candidates into the profession, the overall effect on quality may be offset by mediocre teachers who choose to postpone retirement.The study also takes aim at teacher training. Every state requires that teachers be licensed,a process that can involve up to two years of education classes, even for those who have auniversity degree or a graduate degree in the field they would like to teach. Inevitably, thissystem does little to lure in graduates of top universities or professionals who would like toenter teaching at mid-career.26. Which statement is NOT TRUE according to the passage?[A] NEA is the largest society for teachers.[B] Education-majored students are not as wise as people have assumed.[C] Young teachers are paid less because their students don't do well enough.[D] The study is both concerned with the effects of rise in payment and teacher training.27. Increase in teacher salaries did not turn out so effective mainly because of the following reasons EXCEPT .[A] the authorities do not set standards for qualified teachers.[BI mediocre teachers postpone retirement.[C] the salaries were not attractive enough.[D] teachers didn't have equal opportunities.28. According to the passage, the reason for clever students' refusal to take teaching as profession is because .[A] it offers low pay.[B] they have interest in other professions.[C] it does not value productivity.[D] it uses poor recruiting strategies.29. "The data are stri : when the brightest individuals shun the teaching profession at every juncture" means .[A] students doing well in study are willing to take teaching as a career.[B] students doing well in study can't avoid choosing teaching as a career.[C] students doing well in study are reluctant to be teachers.[D] students doing well in study are not reluctant to be teachers.30. All can be concluded BUT .[A] teaching in U.S.A needs a certificate.[B] the more outstanding one is, the more likely he is to choose teaching.[C] American public-school teachers are paid in proportion to experience and years of schooling.[D] increase in teacher's salaries is to attract more qualified candidates to teaching.Text 3The Nobel prize in economics had a difficult birth. It was created in 1969 to mimic thefive prizes initiated under Alfred Nobel's will. These had already been around for 68 years, andpurists fought hard to stop the newcomer. Some members of the Royal Swedish Academy ofSciences still dismiss economics as unscientific, and its prize as not a proper Nobel. Earlywinners were among the prize's fiercest critics. Gunnar Myrdal, who shared the award in 1974,said the prize ought to be abolished (but he did not return the money). Milton Friedman, winnerin 1976, doubted the ability of a few people in Stockholm to make decisions respected aroundthe world.By the 1990s, the Nobel committee had gained a reputation for intransigence. Gary Becker won only after a flood of nominations forced the cabal in Stockholm to act. The father of game theory won only after Mr. Nash's sudden recovery from paranoid schizophrenia,though the disease had no bearing on the quality of his work, the best of which was done beforehe became ill. Robert Lucas received a prize that many economists believed he should have hadmuch earlier. In 1998, the prize became the subject of countless jokes after the collapse of Long-Term Capital Management, a hedge-fund firm whose founders included Robert Mertonand Myron Scholes, the 1997 Nobel laureates. The Merton/Scholes choice also highlighted another enduring problem with the prize:untimely deaths. Fischer Black, co-originator of the options-pricing model for which MessrsMerton and Scholes were recognised, died a year too soon to join his collaborators on thepodium. Last year, many economists hoped that Zvi Griliches, a noted econometrician who wasunquestionably deserving of the prize, and was suffering from a long illness, would win. He didnot, and died soon afterwards. Because the prize came into being so late, there is still a backlogof elderly luminaries waiting to be recognised. Paul Samuelson, one of the younger winners,and Mr Becker, who was a friend of Griliches, want the committee to take old age explicitlyinto account.The committee could also cast its net more widely across the profession. Almost ail the laureates are also theoreticians; advances in empirical work and applications in the past two decades have yet to be paid due respect, a fact bemoaned by Mr Becker. Mr Samuelson adds that the economics committee's selection methods have excessively mimicked those used for the prizes in natural sciences: "If the right apple fell on your head, and you saw it, then you got the prize. But if you had a lifetime of excellence in all branches of physics, you didn't get it."31. From the first paragraph, we learned that .[A] the Nobel prize in economics was created under Alfred Nobel's will.[B] Gunnar Myrdal was one of the Nobel prize winners in economics.[C] Milton Friedman refused to accept the prize.[D]the Nobel committee had not the ability to make decisions.32. We can learn from the text that about the winners of the Nobel prize in economics during 1990s, .[A] Gary Becker won the prize after he forced the committee to act.[B]Mr Nash's illness delayed his receiving of the prize.[C]obert Lucas received the prize earlier than expected.[D] Robert Merton and Myron Scholes played jokes on the prize.33. According to the text, the author's attitude toward Nobel prize in economics is .[A]doubtful.[B]positive.[C] hostile.[DJ indifferent.34. From the third paragraph, we learn that .[A] Fisher Black did not live long enough to win the Nobel prize.[B] the Nobel committee will soon take old age into account.[C] younger people are more likely to win the prize.[D] Zvi Griliches won the prize after he died.35. In the last paragraph of the text, Mr Samuelson's attitude toward the economics committee's selection methods is .[A] critical.[B] approving.[C] angry.[D] ironic.Text 4In America alone, tipping is now a $16 billion-a-year industry - all the more surprising since it is a behavioural oddity. Consumers acting rationally ought not to pay more than they have to for a given service, Tips, which are voluntary, above and beyond a service's contracted cost, and delivered afterwards, should not exist. So why do they? The conventional wisdom is that tips both reward the efforts of good service and reduce uncomfortable feelings of inequality. The better the service, the bigger the tip.A paper analysing data from 2,547 groups dining at 20 different restaurants shows that the correlation between larger tips and better service was very weak: only a tiny part of the variability in the size of the tip had anything to do with the quality of service. Customers who rated a meal as "excellent" still tipped anywhere between 8% and 37% of the meal price.Tipping is better explained by culture than by economics. In America, the custom hasbecome institutionalised: it is regarded as part of the accepted cost of a service. In a New Yorkrestaurant, failing to tip at least 15% could well mean abuse from the waiter. Hairdressers canexpect to get 15-20%, the man who delivers your groceries $2. In Europe, tipping is lesscommon; in many restaurants, discretionary tipping is being replaced by a standard servicecharge. In many Asian countries, tipping has never really caught on at all.How to account for these national differences? Look no further than psychology.According to Michael Lynn, the Cornell paper's co-author, countries in which people are moreextrovert, sociable or neurotic tend to tip more. Tipping relieves anxiety about being served bystrangers: And, says' Mr Lynn, "in America, where people are outgoing and expressive, tippingis about social approval. If you tip badly, people think less of you. Tipping well is a chance to show off." Icelanders, by contrast, do not usually tip - a measure of their introversion and lackof neuroses, no doubt.While such explanations may be crude, the hard truth seems to be that tipping does notwork. It does not benefit the customer. Nor, in the case of restaurants,does it actuallyincentivise the waiter, or help the restaurant manager to monitor and assess his staff. The cry ofstingy tippers that service people should "just be paid a decent wage" may actually makeeconomic sense.36. From the text we learn that Americans .[A] are willing to give tips because they love the practice.[B] like to givetips to service people to help them financially.[C] are reluctant to give tips, but they still do so.[D] are giving less and less tips.37. According to Paragraph 3, we learn that .[A] tips are voluntary in America.[B] people don't tip in Europe.[C] tipping is rare in many Asian countries.[D] tipping is now popular in Iceland.38. According to Michael Lynn, .[A] nervous people do not usually tip.[B] A merican people are anxious.[C] Icelanders don't like to show off.[D] people will ignore you if you tip bakly.39. The text indicates that in America .[A] customers tip 8% to 37% of the meal price if a meal was "excellent".[B] a waiter can abuse a customer if he fails to tip 15%.[C] the amount of tipping is standardized with different services.[D] the man who carry groceries for you can expect to get 15-20%.40. According to the text, the author believes that in America .[A] the better the service, the bigger the tip.[BI tips can reward the effort of good service.[C] tips can reduce feelings of inequality.[D] tips cannot prompt better service.Part B (20%)slation shouM be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2 (主观答题纸).(41) There are plenty of grim statistics about childhood in the Third World. showing thatthe journey for survival is long and hard. But in the rich world, children can suffer from adifferent kind of poverty - of the spirit. For instance, one Western country alone now sees 14,000 attempted suicides every year by children under 15, and one child in five needsprofessional psychiatric counselling.There are many good things about childhood in the Third World. Take the close andconstant contact between children and their parents, relatives and neighbours.In the West, the very nature of work puts distance between adults and children. (42) But itl most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each dayto do abstract work in offices, shuffling paper to make money mysteriously appearin banks. Instead. the child sees mother an(t father, relations and neighbours wor nearby, and often shares in that work.A child growing up in this way learns his or her role through participating in the community's work: helping to dig or build, plant or water, tend to animals or look after babies - rather than through playing with water and sand in kindergarten, building with construction toys, keeping pets or playing with dolls.(43) These children may grow up with a less oppressive limitation of space and time than their Western counterparts. Set days and times are few and self-explanatory, determined mostly by the rhythm of the seasons and the different jobs they bring. (44) A child in the rich world, on the other hand. is provided with a wrist-watchas one of the earliest symbols of ~owing up. so that he or she can worry, along with their parents about being late for school times, meal times clinic times, bed times, the times of TV shows……;Third World children are not usually cooped up indoors, still less in high-rise apartments.Instead of fenced-off play areas, dangerous roads, 'keep off the grass' signs and 'don't speak tostrangers', there is often a sense of freedom to play. (45)Parents can see their children outsiderather than observe them anxiously from ten floors up. And other adults in the community canusually be counted on to be caring rather than indifferent or threatening.Of course twelve million children under five still die every year through malnutrition anddisease. But children in the Third World is not all bad.Section m Writing (30%)Teachers often consider some students as good students. What do you think good studentsare like? Describe the characteristics of good students according to your own opinion. Provideone or two examples where necessary. You may also need to use knowledge in education andpsychology to support your argument. You shouM write 240-280 words. Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET 2 (主观答题纸).参照解答[A卷]解答：e of English （10%）01.B 02.D 03.A 04.C 05.A 06.C 07.D 08.C 09.A 10.D 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.D 15.A 16.B 17.A 18.C 19.A 20.CII.Reading comprehension（60%）21.A 22.C 23.D 24.B 25.A 26.C 27.A 28.C 29.C 30.B 31.B 32.B 33.A 34.A 35.A 36.C 37.C 38.C 39.C 40.DPart B（20%）41.有关第三世界儿童成长的大量统计资料令人担忧。

(完整版)2000年英语真题

2000年英语真题Section I： Structure and Vocabulary （20 points）Part A (5 points）1. ［A］2。

[B]3。

[D]4. ［A]5。

［C]6。

［C]7. ［A］8. [B］9. [D]10。

[C］Part B （5 points)11。

[A]12. [D]13. ［C］14. ［D]15. [C］16。

[D］17。

[B]18。

[A]19。

[B]20. ［D]Part C （5 points)21。

[B]22. ［D]23。

［C]24。

［A]25。

［D］26。

［A]27。

[C]28. [D]29。

［A］30. [B]31。

[B］32。

[A]33。

[B］34。

[D]35. [C］36. ［A］37. ［A]38. ［D]39。

[B］40. [C]Part II: Cloze Test (10 points)41. ［C]42。

[A]43. [B］44. ［A］45。

[C]46。

[D］47。

［B]48. ［D］49. [C]50。

［D］Section III： Reading Comprehension （40 points）51。

［C]52。

［D]53。

［B]54. ［A]55。

［C]56. [B]57. ［A]58. [D]59. ［B]60。

［A]61。

［C］62. [D]63. [B]64。

[D］65。

[C]66. ［A]67。

［A］68。

[C］69. ［D］70. [B］Section IV： English-Chinese Translation （15 points)71。

在现代条件下,这需要程度不同的中央控制，从而就需要获得诸如经济学和运筹学等领域专家的协助。

72.再者，显而易见的是一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率密切相关，而效率的提高则又有赖于各种科技人员的努力。

73.大众通讯的显著发展使各地的人们不断感到有新的需求，不断接触到新的习俗的思想，由于上述原因，政府常常得推出更多的革新.74。

[实用参考]2000年考研英语真题及答案解析

20GG年全真试题PartⅠCloseTestDirections：Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoices marked［A］,［B］,［C］and ［D］.ChoosethebestoneandmarkPouransweronANSWERSHEET1bPblac keningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points) ①Ifafarmerwishestosucceed,hemusttrPtokeepawidegapbetweenhisconsu mptionandhisproduction.②HemuststorealargequantitPofgrain 1 consumingallhisgrainimmediatelP.③HecancontinuetosupporthimselfandhisfamilP 2 heproducesasurplus.④HemustusethissurplusinthreewaPs:asseedforsowing,asaninsurance 3 theunpredictableeffectsofbadweatherandasacommoditPwhichhemustsel linorderto 4 oldagriculturalimplementsandobtainchemicalfertilizersto 5 thesoil.⑤HemaPalsoneedmonePtoconstructirrigation 6 andimprovehisfarminotherwaPs.⑥Ifnosurplusisavailable,afarmercannotbe 7 .⑦HemusteithersellsomeofhispropertPor 8 eGtrafundsintheformofloans.⑧NaturallPhewilltrPtoborrowmonePatalow 9 ofinterest,butloansofthiskindarenot 10 obtainable.［139words］1.［A］otherthan ［B］aswellas ［C］insteadof ［D］morethan2.［A］onlPif ［B］muchas ［C］longbefore ［D］eversince3.［A］for ［B］against ［C］of ［D］towards4.［A］replace ［B］purchase ［C］supplement ［D］dispose5.［A］enhance ［B］miG ［C］feed ［D］raise6.［A］vessels ［B］routes ［C］paths ［D］channels7.［A］self-confident ［B］self-sufficient［C］self-satisfied ［D］self-restrained8.［A］search ［B］save ［C］offer ［D］seek9.［A］proportion ［B］percentage ［C］rate ［D］ratio10.［A］genuinelP ［B］obviouslP ［C］presumablP［D］frequentlPPartⅡReadingComprehensionDirections:EachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbPsomequestions.Foreachquesti ontherearefouranswersmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and ［D］.ReadthepassagescarefullPandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequ estions.ThenmarkPouransweronANSWERSHEET1bPblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(40points)Passage1①AhistorPoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicap,but,ifprope rlPhandled,itmaPbecomeadrivingforce.②WhentheUnitedStatesenteredjustsuchaglowingperiodaftertheendoftheS econdWorldWar,ithadamarketeighttimeslargerthananPcompetitor,giving itsindustriesunparalleledeconomiesofscale.③Itsscientistsweretheworldsbest;itsworkersthemostskilled.④(11)America and Americans were prosperous bePond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroPed.①ItwasinevitablethatthisprimacPshouldhavenarrowedasothercountriesgre wricher.②JustasinevitablP,theretreatfrompredominanceprovedpainful.③BPthemid-1980sAmericanshadfoundthemselvesatalossovertheirfadingin dustrialcompetitiveness.④SomehugeAmericanindustries,suchasconsumerelectronics,hadshrunkorv anishedinthefaceofforeigncompetition.⑤BP1987therewasonlPoneAmericantelevisionmakerleft,Zenith.⑥(Nowthereisnone:ZenithwasboughtbPSouthKorea’sLGElectronicsinJulP.)⑦（12）Foreign-made cars and teGtiles were sweeping into the domestic market.America’smachine-toolindustrPwasontheropes.⑧Forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductors,whichAmericah adinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage,wasgoingtobetheneGtcasualtP.①Allofthiscausedacrisisofconfidence.②AmericansstoppedtakingprosperitPforgranted.③ThePbegantobelievethattheirwaPofdoingbusinesswasfailing,andthatthei rincomeswouldthereforeshortlPbegintofallaswell.④Themid-1980sbroughtoneinquirPafteranotherintothecausesofAmerica’sindustrialdecline.⑤Theirsometimessensationalfindingswerefilledwithwarningsaboutthegro wingcompetitionfromoverseas.①Howthingshavechanged!②In1995theUnitedStatescanlookbackonfivePearsofsolidgrowthwhileJapan hasbeenstruggling.③（14）Few Americans attribute this solelP to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cPcle.④Self-doubthasPieldedtoblindpride.⑤“AmericanindustrPhaschangeditsstructure,hasgoneonadiet,haslearntto bemorequick-witted,”accordingtoRichardCavanaugh,eGecutivedeanofHarvard’sKennedPSch oolofGovernment.⑥“ItmakesmeproudtobeanAmericanjusttoseehowourbusinessesareimpro vingtheirproductivitP,”saPsStephenMooreoftheCatoInstitute,athink-tankinWashington,DC.⑦AndWilliamSahlmanoftheHarvardBusinessSchoolbelievesthatpeoplewilll ookbackonthisperiodas “agoldenageofbusinessmanagementintheUnitedStates.”［429words］11.TheU.S.achieveditspredominanceafterWorldWarIIbecause.［A］ithadmadepainstakingeffortstowardsthisgoal［B］itsdomesticmarketwaseighttimeslargerthanbefore［C］thewarhaddestroPedtheeconomiesofmostpotentialcompetitors ［D］theunparalleledsizeofitsworkforcehadgivenanimpetustoitseconomP12.ThelossofU.S.predominanceintheworldeconomPinthe1980sisman ifestedinthefactthattheAmerican.［A］TVindustrPhadwithdrawntoitsdomesticmarket［B］semiconductorindustrPhadbeentakenoverbPforeignenterprises ［C］machine-toolindustrPhadcollapsedaftersuicidalactions［D］autoindustrPhadlostpartofitsdomesticmarket13.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?［A］Itishumannaturetoshiftbetweenself-doubtandblindpride.［B］IntensecompetitionmaPcontributetoeconomicprogress.［C］TherevivaloftheeconomPdependsoninternationalcooperation.［D］AlonghistorPofsuccessmaPpavethewaPforfurtherdevelopment.14.TheauthorseemstobelievetherevivaloftheU.S.economPinthe1990s canbeattributedtothe.［A］turningofthebusinesscPcle ［B］restructuringofindustrP ［C］improvedbusinessmanagement ［D］successineducationPassage2①（15）Being a man has alwaPs been dangerous. ②There are about105 males born for everP 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturitP, and among 70-Pear-olds there are twice as manP women as men. ③But the great universal of male mortalitP is being changed.④Now,boPbabiessurvivealmostaswellasgirlsdo.⑤Thismeansthat,forthefirsttime,therewillbeaneGcessofboPsinthosecrucial PearswhentheParesearchingforamate.⑥Moreimportant,anotherchancefornaturalselectionhasbeenremoved.⑦FiftPPearsago,thechanceofababP(particularlPaboPbabP)survivingdepend edonitsweight.AkilogramtoolightortooheavPmeantalmostcertaindeath.⑧TodaPitmakesalmostnodifference.Sincemuchofthevariationisduetogenes ,onemoreagentofevolutionhasgone.①ThereisanotherwaPtocommitevolutionarPsuicide:staPalive,buthavefewer children.②Fewpeopleareasfertileasinthepast.③EGceptinsomereligiouscommunities,verPfewwomenhave15children.④NowadaPsthenumberofbirths,liketheageofdeath,hasbecomeaverage.⑤MostofushaveroughlPthesamenumberofoffspring.⑥（16）Again, differences between people and the opportunitP for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished. ⑦India shows what is happening.ThecountrPofferswealthforafewinthegreatcitiesandpovertPfortheremaini ngtribalpeoples.⑧ThegrandmediocritPoftodaP—everPonebeingthesameinsurvivalandnumberofoffspring—meansthatnaturalselectionhaslost80%ofitspowerinupper-middle-classIn diacomparedtothetribes.Forus,thismeansthatevolutionisover;thebiologicalUtopiahasarrived.②StrangelP,ithasinvolvedlittlephPsicalchange.③NootherspeciesfillssomanPplacesinnature.④Butinthepast100,000Pears —eventhepast100Pears—ourliveshavebeentransformedbutourbodieshavenot.⑤（17）We did not evolve, because machines and societP did it for us.⑥Darwinhadaphrasetodescribethoseignorantofevolution:theP “lookatanorganicbeingasasavagelooksataship,asatsomethingwhollPbe Pondhiscomprehension.”⑦Nodoubtwewillremembera20thcenturPwaPoflifebePondcomprehensionf oritsugliness.ButhoweveramazedourdescendantsmaPbeathowfarfromUtopiawewere,t hePwilllookjustlikeus.［406words］15.Whatusedtobethedangerinbeingamanaccordingtothefirstparagra ph?［A］Alackofmates. ［B］Afiercecompetition.［C］Alowersurvivalrate. ［D］Adefectivegene.16.WhatdoestheeGampleofIndiaillustrate?［A］WealthPpeopletendtohavefewerchildrenthanpoorpeople.［B］NaturalselectionhardlPworksamongtherichandthepoor.［C］Themiddleclasspopulationis80%smallerthanthatofthetribes.［D］IndiaisoneofthecountrieswithaverPhighbirthrate.17.Theauthorarguesthatourbodieshavestoppedevolvingbecause.［A］lifehasbeenimprovedbPtechnologicaladvance［B］thenumberoffemalebabieshasbeendeclining［C］ourspecieshasreachedthehigheststageofevolution［D］thedifferencebetweenwealthandpovertPisdisappearing18.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?［A］SeGRatioChangesinHumanEvolution.［B］WaPsofContinuingMan’sEvolution.［C］TheEvolutionarPFutureofNature.［D］HumanEvolutionGoingNowhere.Passage3①（20）When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles maP seem todaP, it is possible that in Pears to come theP maP be regarded as normal.②WithregardtoFuturistpoetrP,however,thecaseisratherdifficult,forwhatever FuturistpoetrPmaPbe—evenadmittingthatthetheorPonwhichitisbasedmaPberight—itcanhardlPbeclassedasLiterature.①This,inbrief,iswhattheFuturistsaPs:foracenturP,pastconditionsoflifehavebe enconditionallPspeedingup,tillnowweliveinaworldofnoiseandviolencean dspeed.②ConsequentlP,ourfeelings,thoughtsandemotionshaveundergoneacorrespondingchange.③（21）This speeding up of life, saPs the Futurist, requires a new form of eGpression. ④Wemustspeedupourliteraturetoo,ifwewanttointerpretmodernstress.⑤Wemustpouroutalargestreamofessentialwords,unhamperedbPstops,orq ualifPingadjectives,orfiniteverbs.⑥Insteadofdescribingsoundswemustmakeupwordsthatimitatethem;wemu stusemanPsizesoftPpeanddifferentcoloredinksonthesamepage,andshort enorlengthenwordsatwill.①CertainlPtheirdescriptionsofbattlesareconfused.②ButitisalittleupsettingtoreadintheeGplanatorPnotesthatacertainlinedescr ibesafightbetweenaTurkishandaBulgarianofficeronabridgeoffwhichthePb othfallintotheriver—andthentofindthatthelineconsistsofthenoiseoftheirfallingandtheweights oftheofficers:“Pluff!Pluff!AhundredandeightP-fivekilograms.”①（22）This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futurist poetrP, can hardlP be classed as Literature. ②Allthesame,nothinkingmancanrefusetoaccepttheirfirstproposition:thatag reatchangeinouremotionallifecallsforachangeofeGpression.③ThewholequestionisreallPthis:haveweessentiallPchanged?［334words］19.ThispassageismainlP.［A］asurvePofnewapproachestoart［B］areviewofFuturistpoetrP［C］aboutmeritsoftheFuturistmovement［D］aboutlawsandrequirementsofliterature20.WhenanovelliterarPideaappears,peopleshouldtrPto.［A］determineitspurposes ［B］ignoreitsflaws［C］followthenewfashions ［D］accepttheprinciples21.Futuristsclaimthatwemust.［A］increasetheproductionofliterature［B］usepoetrPtorelievemodernstress［C］developnewmodesofeGpression［D］avoidusingadjectivesandverbs22.TheauthorbelievesthatFuturistpoetrPis.［A］basedonreasonableprinciples［B］newandacceptabletoordinarPpeople［C］indicativeofabasicchangeinhumannature［D］moreofatransientphenomenonthanliteraturePassage4①（23）Aimlessness has hardlP been tPpical of the postwar Japan whose productivitP and social harmonP are the envP of the United States and Europe.②ButincreasinglPtheJapaneseareseeingadeclineofthetraditionalwork-mora lvalues.③TenPearsagoPoungpeoplewerehardworkingandsawtheirjobsastheirprima rPreasonforbeing,butnowJapanhaslargelPfulfilleditseconomicneeds,and Poungpeopledon’tknowwherethePshouldgoneGt.①ThecomingofageofthepostwarbabPboomandanentrPofwomenintothem。

2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试卷及答案

2000年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试本试卷第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。

第一卷 1至13页。

第二卷1至4页共150分，考试时间120分钟。

第一卷（三大题，共 95分）注意事项：1 •答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂在答题卡上。

2 •每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用像橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

不能答在试卷上。

3 •考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

I .单项填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）A ）从A 、B 、C 、D 中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。

例：haveA . gaveB . saveC . hatD . made答案是C orushdull B . butcher C . sugar D . Pushn orth^r nstrength B . wealth C . thus D . Throwsij^nceweigh B . ceJjng C . bargain D . Height occur ocean B . opposite C . official D . offer pleasure possess 。

n B . television C . an x^us D . precious 从A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案例： We __________ last ni ght , but we went to the concert in stead.A . must have studiedB . might studyC . should have studiedD . would study答案是C o6 . What about havi ng a dri nk?A . Good idea.B . Help yourself.C . Go ahead , pleaseD . Me , too.7 . I don't think I'll n eed any money but I'll bring some ________1. A .2.A . 3. A . 4. A . 5.A .B )A . at lastB in caseC . once aga inD . in time8． _____ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.A．Brave enough students B ．Enough brave studentsC．Students brave enough D ．Students enough brave 9．Waiter!I can't eat this , It's too salty.A．Yes, sir? B ．What?C．All right? D．Pardon?10．Most animals little connection with _____________ a nimals of _________ different kind unless they kill them for food.A．the ; a B ．不填; a C．the ; the D ．不填; the11．It's always difficult being in a foreign country, _____________________ if you don't speakthe language.A．extremely B ．naturallyC．basically D ．especially12．Let Harry play with your toys as well , Clare you must learn to _________ .A．support B ．care C．spare D ．share13．You've left the light on.Oh , so J have . ______ and turn it off.A．I'll go B ．I've gone C．I go D ．I'm going 14．Someone called me up in the middle the night , but they hung up ___________________________________________________ Icould answer the phone.A．as B ．sinceC．until D ．before15．Are you coming to Jeff's party?I'm not sure . I ______ go to the concert instead.A．must B ．wouldC．should D ．might16．If you want to change for a double room you'll have to pay ____ $15.A．another B ．otherC．more D ．Each17．Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________________ ,of course , made the others unhappy.A．who B ．whichC．this D ．what18． ____ production up by 60% , the company has had another excellent year.A．As B ．ForC．With D ．Through19．I've worked with children before , so I know what _____ in my new job.A．expect ed B ．to expectC. to be expecting D . expects20 . How are you today?Oh , I __________ as ill as I do now for a very long time.A. did n't fell B . was n't feeli ngC. don't fell D . have n't felt21 . The WTO cannot live up to its name ______ i t does not include a country thatis home to one fifth of mankind.A. as long as B . whileC . ifD . even though22 . The man agers discussed the pla n that they would like to see ____ the n extyear.A . carry outB . carry ing outC . carried outD . to carry out23 . Why don't we take a little break?Didn 't we just have _________ ?A . itB . thatC . oneD . this24 . It is the ability to do the job ______ m atters where you come from or whatyou are.A . oneB . thatC . whatD . it25 . The reporter said that the UFO _______ east to west whe n be saw it.A . was travelli ngB . travelledC . had bee n traveli ngD . was to travel.II完形填空（共25小题，每小题1分；满分25分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26〜50各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。

2000年英语试题及参考答案

2000年英语试题及参考答案Section ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked［A］，［B］，［C］and ［D］,Choose the one that best pletes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by black-Example:I have been to the Great Wall three times1979.[A］from ［B］after ［C］for ［D］sinceThe sentence should read,"I have been to the Great Wall three times since 1979." Therefore, you should choose ［D］Sample Answer[A］［B］［C］［■］1.As I'll be away for at least a year, I'd appreciatefrom you now and then telling me how everyone is getting along. ［A］hearing ［B］to hear ［C］to be hearing ［D］having heard2.Greatly agitated, I rushed to the apartment and tried the door, to find it locked.［A］just ［B］only ［C］hence ［D］thus3.Doctors see a connection between increase amounts of leisure time spent and the increased number of cases of skin cancer.［A］to sunbathe ［B］to have sunbathed［C］having sunbathed ［D］sunbathing4.Unless you sign a contract with the insurance pany for your goods, you are not entitled a repayment for the goods damaged in delivery.［A］to ［B］with ［C］for ［D］on5.On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont I noticed a young man holding up a sign reading "Boston". ［A］which ［B］where ［C］when ［D］that6.Christie stared angrily at her boos and turned away, as though out of the office.［A］went ［B］gone ［C］to go ［D］would go7.The roles expected old people in such a setting give too few psychological satisfactions for normal happiness.［A］of ［B］on ［C］to ［D］ with8.Talk to anyone in the drug industry, you'll soon discover that the science of geics is the biggest thing to hit drug research since penicillin was discovered.［A］or ［B］and ［C］for ［D］so9.It wasn't so much that I disliked her that I just wasn't interested in the whole business.［A］rather ［B］so ［C］than ［D］as10.Countless divouced politicians would have been elected out of office years ago had they even thought of a divouce, let alone one.［A］getting ［B］to get ［C］gotten ［D］getSection BDirections:Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked［A］，［B］［C］，and［D］.Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.(5points)Sorry, this section has to be shown in GIF format. We'll plete it soon. Please pay attention to our website:edu.yesky.Section CDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there four choices marked［A］，［B］，［C］and［D］.Choose the one that best pletes the sentenec. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.(10 points)Example:The lost car of the Lees was found in the woods off the highway.［A］vanished ［B］scattered ［C］abandoned ［D］rejected The sentence should read," The lost car of the Lees was found abandoned in the woods off the highway."Therefore,you should choose［C］.Sample Answer［A］［B］［■］［D］21.He spoke so that even his opponents were won over by his arguments.［A］bluntly ［B］convincingly［C］emphatically ［D］determinedly22.France's of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations. ［A］assumption ［B］consumption［C］presumption ［D］resumption23.The 215-page manu, circulated to publishers last October, an outburst of interest.［A］flared ［B］glittered ［C］sparked ［D］flashed24.His efforts to bring about a reconciliation between the two Parties.［A］came off ［B］came on ［C］came round ［D］came down25.The system was redesigned to embrace the work and eventually it in a profitable direction.［A］adapt ［B］control ［C］install ［D］steer26.The capital intended to broaden the export base and efficiency gains from international trade was channeled instead into uneconomic import substitution.［A］secure ［B］extend ［C］defend ［D］possess27.It is announced that a wallet has been found and can be at the manager's office.［A］declared ［B］obtained ［C］reclaimed ［D］recognized28.When I my senses, I found myself wrapped up in bed in my little room, with Grandma bending over me.［A］woke up ［B］took to ［C］picked up ［D］came to29.The American society is an exceedingly shaky foundation of natural resources, which is connected with thepossibility of a worsening environment.［A］established on ［B］affiliated to［C］originated from ［D］incorporated with30.I am not with my roommate but I have to share the room with her, because I have nowhere else to live.［A］concerned ［B］patible ［C］considerate ［D］plied31.At first, the of color pictures over a long distance seemed impossible, but, with painstaking efforts and at great expense, it became a reality.［A］transaction ［B］transmission［C］transformation ［D］transition32.When the mittee to details, the proposed plan seemed impractical.［A］got down ［B］set about ［C］went off ［D］came up33.to some parts of South America is still difficult, because parts of the continent are still covered with thick forests.［A］Orientation ［B］Aess ［C］Procession ［D］Voyage34.Mr Smith had an unusual: he was first an office clerk, the a sailor, and ended up as a school teacher.［A］profession ［B］oupation ［C］position ［D］career35.The mayor is a woman with great and therefore deserves our political and financial support.［A］intention ［B］instinct ［C］integrity ［D］intensity36.The English weather defies forecast and hence is a source of interest to everyone.［A］speculation ［B］attribution ［C］utilization ［D］proposition37.The fact that the golden eagle usually builds its nest on some high cliffs it almost impossible to obtain the eggs or the young birds.［A］renders ［B］reckons ［C］regards ［D］relates38.To impress a future employer, one should dress neatly be, and display in the job.［A］swift ［B］instant ［C］timely ［D］punctual39.You don't have to install this radio in your new car,it's an extra.［A］excessive ［B］optional ［C］additional ［D］arbitrary40.We were pleased to note that the early morning delivery didn't to the traffic jam of the busy city.［A］aid ［B］amount ［C］add ［D］attributePartⅡ Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in following passage, there arefour choices marked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］.Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil.(10 points)If a farmer wishes to sueed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain 41 consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and hisfamily 42 he produces a surplus. He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 43 the unpredictable ef。

同等学力英语真题及参考答案

2000年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试参考答案Paper One 试卷一(90 minutes)Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes, 15 points) （略）Part II Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section ADirections: In this section there are ten sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.16. If he told his wife about their plan, she was bound to agree.A. would unnecessarilyB. would simplyC. would certainlyD. would alternatively17. As college teachers, they enjoy talking about their own specialties.A. problemsB. experiencesC. interestsD. fields18. John's mindless exterior concealed a warm and kindhearted nature.A. appearanceB. personalityC. outlookD. temper19. Factors leading to the crisis included poor regulation, mismanagement and deception in theindustry, and competition from other types of financial firms.A cheating B. pollutionC. abuseD. depression20. The colors in these artificial flowers are guaranteed not to come out.A. disappearB. vanishC. fadeD. blend21. Initial reports were that multiple waves of warplanes bombed central Baghdad, hitting oilrefineries and the airport.A. beatingB. knockingC. hurtingD. striking22. The editor considered the author's analysis in his article to be penetrating.A. extensiveB. profoundC. conclusiveD. valuable23. Beijing Television-Station Transmitting Tower really looks magnificent at night when it'sA. decoratedB. illustratedC. lit upD. studied carefully24. A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with their creativity.A. freedomB. assistanceC. cluesD. funds25. When snow collects on top of a building during the winter, the weight sometimes weakens theconstruction and occasionally causes the roof to collapse.A. meltsB. accumulatesC. selectsD. scattersSection BDirections: In this section, there are ten incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are fourchoices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.26. Starting as a _______ campus movement, initially observed on March 21, Earth Day has become a majoreducational and media event.A. student-leadingB. student-ledC. student-leadedD. student-lead27. Professor Wu traveled and lectured throughout the country to ______education and professional skills so thatwomen could enter the public world.A. prosecuteB. acquireC. advocateD. proclaim28. In principle, a person whose conduct was caused by mental disorder should not be liable toCriminal _______.A. identificationB. punishmentC. investigationD. commitment29. A major goal of the state travel agency is to ______ more people to visit its country at the turn of the century.A. reduceB. expectC. arouseD. induce30. Steel is an alloy composed ______of iron and carbon.A. primarilyB. traditionallyC. carefullyD. partially31. The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen ______into human nature.A. intellectB. insightC. perceptionD. understanding32. We'll all take a vacation in the mountains as soon as I finish working ______ my project.A. on 'B. withC. inD. about33. The Government has therefore agreed to pay authorities extra sums to ______ for their financial losses.A. make upB. turn upC. fill inD. lean on34. As the firm's business increased they __ more and more employees.A. took upB. took inC. took afterD. took on35. Though the doctors tried everything they couldn't save him from the deep ______ wound.A. shotB. punchC. pinchD. stabPart III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points)Directions: There are six passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose thebest answer and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneAstronaut Jim Voss has enjoyed many memorable moments in his career, including three space flights and one space walk. But he recalls with special fondness a decidedly earthbound ( 为地球所吸引) experience in the summer of 1980, when he participated in the NASA - ASEE Summer Faculty Fellowship Program. Voss then a science teacher at West Point, was assigned to the Marshall Space Flight Center's propulsion (推进) lab in Alabama to analyze why a hydraulic fuel pump on the space shuttle was working so well when previous seals had failed. It was a seemingly tiny problem among the vast complexities of running the space program. Yet it was important to NASA because any crack in the seal could have led to destructive results for the astronauts who relied on them.“I worked a bit with NASA engineers,” says V oss, "but I did it mostly by analysis. I used ahandheld calculator, not a computer, to do a thermodynamic (热力学的) analysis," At the end ofthe summer, he, like the other NASA-ASEE fellows working at Marshall, summarized his f'indings in a formal presentation and detailed paper. It was a valuable moment for Voss because the ASEE program gave him added understanding of NASA, deepened his desire to fly in space, and intensified his application for astronaut status. "It was not an essay process. V oss was actually passed over when he first applied for the astronaut program in 1978. Over the next nine years he reapplied repeatedly, and was finally accepted in1987. Since then he has participated in three space mission. The 50-year-old Army officer, who fives in Huston, is now in training fro a four-month mission as a crew member on the International Space Station starting in July 2000 V oss says the ASEE program is wonderful for all involved. "It brings in people from theacademic world and gives NASA a special properly for a particular period of time. It brings somefresh eyes and fresh ideas to NASA, and establishes a link with our colleges and universities, " Voss explains. “There’s an exchange of information and an exchange of perspectives that is very important.”For the academic side, Voss says, the ASEE program also "brings institutions of higher learning more insight into new technology. We give them an opportunity to work on real-world problems and take it back to the classroom."36. Why was the hydraulic fuel pump seal important for the space shuttle?A. Because previous seals all failed.B. Because it was very complex in running the space program.C. Because great care has to be taken of the hydraulic fuel pump sealing.D. Because any crack in the seals would cause disastrous results for the astronauts.37. The great significance of V oss's findings lies in _________.I. strengthening his determination to join in space flightsII. furthering his understanding of NASAIII. consolidating his astronaut status in NASA programsA. I only.B. II only.C. I, II and III all included.D. I and II only.38. How many flights will V oss have finished if his Four-month mission starting in July 2000 ends upsuccessfully?A. ThreeB. TwoC. FourD. Five39. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to what V oss said on the ASEE program?A. Fresh members from die academic world participate in the program.B. The program brings new outlooks to HASA space programs.C. It is important for the space scientists to exchange information and perspectives.D. American colleges and universities me a special property of NASA.40. What does V oss want to stress in the last paragraph?A. The technological significance of the programB. The educational significance of the programC. The philosophical significance of the programD. The historical significance of the programPassage TwoThe current emergency in Mexico City that has taken over our fives is nothing. I could ever have imagined for me or my children, we are living in an environmental crisis, an air - pollutionemergency of unprecedented severity. What it really means is that just to breathe here is to play adangerous game with your health.As parents, what terrorizes us most are reports that children are at higher risk because theybreathe more times per minute. What more can we do to protect them and ourselves? Ourpediatrician's (儿科医师的) medical recommendation was simple: abandon the city permanently.We are foreigners and we are among the small minority that can afford to leave. We are here because of my husband's work. We are fascinated by Mexico--its history and rich culture. We know that for us, this is a temporary danger. However, we cannot stand for much longer the fear we feel for our boys. We cannot stop them from breathing.But for millions, there is no choice. Their lives, their jobs, their futures depend on being here. Thousands of Mexicans arrive each day in this city, desperate for economic opportunities. Thousands more are born here each day. Entire families work in the streets and practically live there. It is a familiar sight: as parents hawk goods at stoplights, their children play in the grassy highway dividers, breathing exhaust fumes. I feel guilty complaining about my personal situation; we won't be here long enough for our children to form the impression that skies are colored only gray.And yet the government cannot do what it must to end this problem. For any country, especially a developing Third World economy like Mexico's, the idea of barring from the capital city enough cars, closing enough factories and spending the necessary billions on public transportation is simply not an option. So when things get bad, as in the current emergency, Mexico takes half measures—prohibiting some more cars from circulating, stopping some factories from producing--that even its own officials concede aren't adequate.The word "emergency" implies the unusual. But when daily life itself is an emergency, theconcept loses its meaning. It is human nature to try to adapt to that which we cannot change. Or tomislead ourselves into believing we can adapt.41. According to the passage, the current emergency in Mexico City refers to ________.A. serious air pollutionB. economic crisisC. unemploymentD. natural disaster42. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?A. Kids are in greater danger than grown-ups in Mexico City.B. The author is not a native Mexican.C. The author’s husband is a pediatrician.D. The Mexican history and culture appeal to the author.43. The word "hawk" (Paragraph 3) most probably means ________.A. sellB. transportC. placeD. deliver44. The Mexican government takes half measures to solve the pollution problem because______.A. Mexican economy depends very much on cars and factoriesB. it is not wise enough to come up with effective measuresC. Mexicans are able to adapt themselves to the current emergencyD. Mexicans enjoy playing dangerous games with their health45. The purpose of the passage is to _________.A describe the harmful air pollutionB. explain the way to prevent air pollutionC. show the worries about the air pollutionD. recommend a method to avoid air pollutionPassage ThreeIn 1998 consumers could purchase virtually anything over the Internet. Books, compact discs, and even stocks were available from World Wide Web sites that seemed to spring up almost daily. A few years earlier, some people had predicted that consumers accustomed to shopping in stores would be reluctant to buy things that they could not see or touch in person. For a growing number of time-starved consumers, however, shopping from their home computer was proving to be a convenient alternative to driving to the store.A research estimated that in 1998 US consumers would purchase $ 7.3 billion of goods over the Internet, double the 1997 total. Finding a bargain was getting easier owing to the rise of onlineauctions and Web sites that did comparison shopping on the Internet for the best deal.For all the consumer interest, retailing in cyberspace was still a largely unprofitable business, however. Internet pioneer , which began selling books in 1995 and later branched into recorded music and videos, posted revenue of $ 153.7 million in the third quarter, up from $37.9 million in the same period of 1997. Overall, however, the company's loss widened to $45.2 million from $ 9.6 million, and analysis did not expect the company to turn a profit until 2001. Despite the great loss, had a stock market value of many billion, reflecting investors' optimism about the future of the industry.Internet retailing appealed to investors because it provided an efficient means for reachingmillions of consumers without having the cost of operating conventional stores with their armies of salespeople. Selling online carried its own risks, however. With so many companies competing for consumers' attention, price competition was intense and profit margins thin or nonexistent. One video retailer sold the hit movie Titanic for$ 9.99, undercutting (削价) the $ 19.99 suggested retail price and losing about $ 6 on each copy sold. With Internet retailing still in its initial stage, companies seemed willing to absorb such losses in an attempt to establish a dominant market position.46. Which of the following is TRUE, according to the writer?A. Consumers are reluctant to buy things on the Internet.B. Consumers are too busy to buy things on the Internet.C. Internet retailing is a profitable business.D. More and more consumers prefer Internet shopping.47. Finding a' bargain on the Internet was getting easier partly because _______.A. there were more and more Internet usersB. there were more and more online auctionsC. the consumers had more money to spendD. there were more goods available on the Internet48. "For all the consumer interest" (Paragraph 3) means ________.A. to the interest of all the consumersB. for the interest of all the consumersC. though consumers are very much interestedD. all the consumers are much interested49. It can be inferred from the passage that Amazon. Com ________.A. will probably make a profit in 2001B. is making a profit nowC. is a company that sells books onlyD. suffers a great loss on the stock market50. Investors are interested in Internet retailing because __________.A. selling online involves little riskB. Internet retailing is in its initial stageC. it can easily reach millions of consumersD. they can make huge profits from itPassage FourIt is all very well to blame traffic jams, the cost of petrol and the quick peace of modern life, but manners on the roads are becoming horrible. You might tolerate the rude and inconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule. Perhaps the situation calls for a "Be Kind to Other Drivers" campaign, otherwise, it may get completely out of hand.Road politeness is not only good manners, but good sense too. It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resist the temptation to revenge when subjected to uncivilized behaviors. On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring. A friendly nod or a wave of acknowledgement in response to an act of politeness helps to create an atmosphere of goodwill and tolerance so necessary in modern traffic conditions. But such acknowledgements of politeness are all too rare today. Many drivers nowadays don't even seem able to recognize politeness when they see it.However, improper politeness can also be dangerous. A typical example is the driver who waves a child across a crossing into the path of oncoming vehicles that may be unable to stop in time. The same goes for encouraging old ladies to cross the road wherever and whenever they care to.A veteran driver, whose manners are faultless, told me it would help if motorists learn to filter correctly into traffic streams without causing the total blockages (堵塞) that give rise to badtemper. Unfortunately, modern motorists can't even learn to drive, let alone be well-mannered on the road. Years ago the experts warned us that the car-ownership explosion would demand a lot more give-and-take from all road users. It is high time for all of us to take this message to heart.51. According to this passage, troubles on the road are primarily caused by _______.A. people's attitude towards driversB. the rhythm of modern lifeC. traffic conditionsD. the behavior of the driver52. The sentence "You might tolerate the rude and inconsiderate driver, but nowadays the well-mannered motorist is the exception to the rule" implies that ________.A. our society is unjust towards well-mannered motoristsB. rude drivers can be met only occasionallyC. nowadays impolite drivers constitute the majority of motoristsD. the well-mannered motorist cannot tolerate the rude driver53. By "good sense" (Paragraph 2), the writer means _________.A. the driver's prompt response to difficult conditionsB. the driver's ability to understand and react reasonablyC. the driver' s tolerance of bad road conditionsD. the driver's acknowledgement of politeness and regulations54. Experts have long pointed out that in the face of car-ownership explosion, ________.A. Drivers should be ready to yield to one anotherB. road users should make more sacrificesC. drivers should have more communication among themselvesD. drivers will suffer a great loss if they pay no respect to others55. In the writer's opinion _________.A. drivers should apply road politeness properlyB. strict traffic regulations are badly neededC. rude and inconsiderate drivers should be punishedD. drivers should try their best to avoid traffic jamsPassage FiveThe most noticeable trend among today's media companies is vertical integration--an attempt to control several related aspects of the media business at once, each part helping the other. Besides publishing magazines and books, Time Warner, for example, owns Home Box Office (HBO), Warner movie studios, various cable TV systems throughout the United States and CNN as well. The Japanese company Matsushita owns MCA Records and Universal Studios and manufactures broadcast production equipment.To describe the financial status of today's media is also to talk about acquisitions. The media are buying and selling each other in unprecedented numbers and forming media groups to position themselves in the marketplace to maintain and increase their profits. In 1986, the first time a broadcast network had been sold, two networks were sold that year --ABC and NBC.Media acquisitions have skyrocketed since 1980 for two reasons. The first is that most big corporations today are publicly traded companies, which means that their stock is traded on one of the nation's stock exchanges. This makes acquisitions relatively easy.A media company that wants to buy a publicly owned company can buy that company's stock when the stock becomes available. The open availability of stock in these companies means that anybody with enough money can invest in the American media industries, which is exactly how Rupert Murdoch joined the media business.The second reason for the increase in media alliances is that beginning in 1980, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) gradually deregulated the broadcast media. Before 1980, for example, the FCC allowed one company to own only five TV stations, five AM radio stations, and five FM radio stations; companies also were required to hold onto a station for three years before the station could be sold. The post-1980 FCC eliminated the three-year rule and raised the number of broadcast holdings allowed for one owner. This trend of media acquisitions is continuing throughout the 1990s, as changing technology expands the market for media products.The issue of media ownership is important. If only a few corporations direct the media industries in this country, the outlets for differing political viewpoints and innovative ideas could be limited.56. What do Time Warner and Matsushita have in common?A. They both belong to Rupert Murdoch.B. They are both big American media corporations.C..They are both outlets of differing viewpoints and innovative ideas.D. They both own several different but related media businesses.57. Which of the following is true of the media?A. They used to sell and buy each other in great numbers.B. They are trading each other in greater numbers today.C. They used to be controlled by two networks--ABC and NBC.D. They have stopped the trend of acquisitions in the 1990s.58. According to the passage, what makes acquisitions easier?A. The changing technology employed by the media.B. The media's increasing profits in the marketplace.C. The ever tougher regulations of the FCC on the media since 1980.D. The availability of the media' s stocks on stock exchanges.59. What is the FCC's new policy regarding media alliances?A. It allows companies to sell their stocks publicly.B. It doesn't allow companies to sell their stocks publicly.C. It permits one company to own more media businesses at the same time.D. It has eliminated all post-1980 companies.60. The issue of media ownership is important becauseA. it affects the amount of money the stockholders will makeB. it decides whether we can have different aspects of the mediaC. it concerns the channels through which to express opinionsD. it means that more and more people will hold onto only a few stationsPassage sixIn the 1997 general-election campaign, "Education, Education" was Tony Blair's pet phrase.Times change quickly. Education is going rapidly out of fashion. "Learning" (to be exact, "lifelong learning" ) is New Labour's new buzzword (时髦语). The shift from "education" to"learning" reflects more than a change of language. It stems from both educational research and left-wing ideas. During the 1980s, British educationalists got some new American ideas. One was the notion that traditional examinations do not test the full range of people's abilities. Another was the belief that skills are not necessarily learned from teachers in a conventional classroom. People can pick them up in all sorts of ways.All this echoed left-wing ideas that traditional teaching methods were sufficiently adaptable to the needs of individual learners. Advocates of lifelong learning argue that it merely describes what has changed in education in the past decade: And there are now hundreds of schemes in which pupils learn outside the classroom.Until now, education has been changing from below. In the next few weeks, the government will help from above. One of its main projects for lifelong learning is about to begin its first pilot programmers. With funding of $ 44 million in its first year, it will coordinate a new network of "learning centers" throughout the country. Traditional institutions, such as schools and colleges, will provide training at some non-traditional places of learning, such as supermarkets, pubs, and churches. The theory is that in such places students will feel more at ease, and therefore will be better motivated, than in a classroom.The new schemes allow consumers of education to exercise complete choice over where, what and when they learn. In the rest of the state-run education sectors (部门), the government still seems to be committed to restricting choices as much as possible. If these programs succeed, they could improve the skills of Britain's workforce.61. According to the writer, the shift from "education" to "learning"________.A. is but a change of languageB. reflects the traditional ideas in educationC. reflects the government's wish to restrict choicesD. is not just a change of language62. All the following statements are true EXCEPT that __A. pupils can learn skills outside the classroomB. students will be better motivated in a classroomC. the new schemes are intended to improve the skills of Britain' s workforceD. traditional teaching methods cannot satisfy the needs of individual learners63. It can be inferred from the passage that the new projects _________.A. are started from belowB. have begun in the past decadeC. will allow students to have complete control over their learningD. will be carried out in the traditional institutions64. In the second paragraph, the writer suggests that __________.A. traditional exams can test the full range of people's abilitiesB. there are other ways for pupils to learn skillsC. pupils can learn little from teachers in a conventional classroomD. the notion of lifelong learning is only the result of educational research65. According to this passage, the New Labour's governmentA. will set up many "learning centers" in BritainB. has not changed its educational policyC. will continue to restrict choices in all the state-run education sectorsD. is reluctant to make large investments in educationPart IV Cloze (15 minutes, 10 points)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with twenty blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose for each blank and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single linethrough the center.Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 66 should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, 67 , most people make several job choices during their working lives, 68 because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve 69 position. The "one perfect job" does not exist. Young people should 70 enter into a broad flexible training program that will 71 them for a field of work rather than for a single 72.Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans 73 benefit of help from acompetent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing 74 about the occupational world, orthemselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 75 . Some drift from job to job. Others 76 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.One common mistake is choosing an occupation for 77 real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students--or their parents for them--choose the professional field, 78 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 79 . The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a "White-collar" job is 80 good reason for choosing it as life's work. 81 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the 82 of young people should give serious 83 to these fields.Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 84 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security, others are willing to take 85 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.66. A. identification B. entertainment C. accommodation D. occupation67. A. however B. therefore C. though D. thereby68. A. entirely B. mainly C. partly D. his69. A. its B. his C. our D. their70. A. since B. therefore C. furthermore D. forever ~71. A. make B. fit C. take D. leave72. A. job B. way C. means D. company73. A. to B. for C. without D. with。

2000年考研英语真题答案及精析

【红宝书】（请登陆红宝书网站：ｗｗｗ．ｈｏｎｇｂａｏｓｈｕ．ｃｏｍ下载其它考研英语资料）２０００年考研英语真题ＰａｒｔⅠＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅａｎｄＶｏｃａｂｕｌａｒｙ（１～４０略：新大纲不再考查的部分）ＰａｒｔⅡＣｌｏｚｅＴｅｓｔＤｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ｆｏｒｅａｃｈｎｕｍｂｅｒｅｄｂｌａｎｋｉｎｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｐａｓｓａｇｅ，ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｆｏｕｒｃｈｏｉｃｅｓｍａｒｋｅｄＡ，Ｂ，ＣａｎｄＤ．ＣｈｏｏｓｅｔｈｅｂｅｓｔｏｎｅａｎｄｍａｒｋｙｏｕｒａｎｓｗｅｒｏｎＡＮＳＷＥＲＳＨＥＥＴ１ｂｙｂｌａｃｋｅｎｉｎｇｔｈｅｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇｌｅｔｔｅｒｉｎｔｈｅｂｒａｃｋｅｔｓｗｉｔｈａｐｅｎｃｉｌ．（１０ｐｏｉｎｔｓ）Ｉｆａｆａｒｍｅｒｗｉｓｈｅｓｔｏｓｕｃｃｅｅｄ，ｈｅｍｕｓｔｔｒｙｔｏｋｅｅｐａｗｉｄｅｇａｐｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｈｉｓｃｏｎｓｕｍｐｔｉｏｎａｎｄｈｉｓｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ．Ｈｅｍｕｓｔｓｔｏｒｅａｌａｒｇｅｑｕａｎｔｉｔｙｏｆｇｒａｉｎ　４１　ｃｏｎｓｕｍｉｎｇａｌｌｈｉｓｇｒａｉｎｉｍｍｅｄｉａｔｅｌｙ．Ｈｅｃａｎｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｅｔｏｓｕｐｐｏｒｔｈｉｍｓｅｌｆａｎｄｈｉｓｆａｍｉｌｙ　４２　ｈｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｓａｓｕｒｐｌｕｓ．Ｈｅｍｕｓｔｕｓｅｔｈｉｓｓｕｒｐｌｕｓｉｎｔｈｒｅｅｗａｙｓ：ａｓｓｅｅｄｆｏｒｓｏｗｉｎｇ，ａｓａｎｉｎｓｕｒａｎｃｅ　４３　ｔｈｅｕｎｐｒｅｄｉｃｔａｂｌｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆｂａｄｗｅａｔｈｅｒａｎｄａｓａｃｏｍｍｏｄｉｔｙｗｈｉｃｈｈｅｍｕｓｔｓｅｌｌｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏ　４４　ｏｌｄａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒａｌｉｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔｓａｎｄｏｂｔａｉｎｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌｆｅｒｔｉｌｉｚｅｒｓｔｏ　４５　ｔｈｅｓｏｉｌ．Ｈｅｍａｙａｌｓｏｎｅｅｄｍｏｎｅｙｔｏｃｏｎｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｒｒｉｇａｔｉｏｎ　４６　ａｎｄｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｈｉｓｆａｒｍｉｎｏｔｈｅｒｗａｙｓ．Ｉｆｎｏｓｕｒｐｌｕｓｉｓａｖａｉｌａｂｌｅ，ａｆａｒｍｅｒｃａｎｎｏｔｂｅ　４７　．Ｈｅｍｕｓｔｅｉｔｈｅｒｓｅｌｌｓｏｍｅｏｆｈｉｓｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｙｏｒ　４８　ｅｘｔｒａｆｕｎｄｓｉｎｔｈｅｆｏｒｍｏｆｌｏａｎｓ．Ｎａｔｕｒａｌｌｙｈｅｗｉｌｌｔｒｙｔｏｂｏｒｒｏｗｍｏｎｅｙａｔａｌｏｗ　４９　ｏｆｉｎｔｅｒｅｓｔ，ｂｕｔｌｏａｎｓｏｆｔｈｉｓｋｉｎｄａｒｅｎｏｔ　５０　ｏｂｔａｉｎａｂｌｅ．４１．Ａ．ｏｔｈｅｒｔｈａｎＢ．ａｓｗｅｌｌａｓＣ．ｉｎｓｔｅａｄｏｆＤ．ｍｏｒｅｔｈａｎ４２．Ａ．ｏｎｌｙｉｆＢ．ｍｕｃｈａｓＣ．ｌｏｎｇｂｅｆｏｒｅＤ．ｅｖｅｒｓｉｎｃｅ４３．Ａ．ｆｏｒＢ．ａｇａｉｎｓｔＣ．ｏｆＤ．ｔｏｗａｒｄｓ４４．Ａ．ｒｅｐｌａｃｅＢ．ｐｕｒｃｈａｓｅＣ．ｓｕｐｐｌｅｍｅｎｔＤ．ｄｉｓｐｏｓｅ４５．Ａ．ｅｎｈａｎｃｅＢ．ｍｉｘＣ．ｆｅｅｄＤ．ｒａｉｓｅ４６．Ａ．ｖｅｓｓｅｌｓＢ．ｒｏｕｔｅｓＣ．ｐａｔｈｓＤ．ｃｈａｎｎｅｌｓ４７．Ａ．ｓｅｌｆｃｏｎｆｉｄｅｎｔＢ．ｓｅｌｆｓｕｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｔＣ．ｓｅｌｆｓａｔｉｓｆｉｅｄＤ．ｓｅｌｆｒｅｓｔｒａｉｎｅｄ４８．Ａ．ｓｅａｒｃｈＢ．ｓａｖｅＣ．ｏｆｆｅｒＤ．ｓｅｅｋ４９．Ａ．ｐｒｏｐｏｒｔｉｏｎＢ．ｐｅｒｃｅｎｔａｇｅＣ．ｒａｔｅＤ．ｒａｔｉｏ５０．Ａ．ｇｅｎｕｉｎｅｌｙＢ．ｏｂｖｉｏｕｓｌｙＣ．ｐｒｅｓｕｍａｂｌｙＤ．ｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｔｌｙＰａｒｔⅢＲｅａｄｉｎｇＣｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｏｎＤｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ｅａｃｈｏｆｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅｂｅｌｏｗｉｓｆｏｌｌｏｗｅｄｂｙｓｏｍｅｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ．ＦｏｒｅａｃｈｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｆｏｕｒａｎｓｗｅｒｓｍａｒｋｅｄＡ，Ｂ，ＣａｎｄＤ．Ｒｅａｄｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅｓｃａｒｅｆｕｌｌｙａｎｄｃｈｏｏｓｅｔｈｅｂｅｓｔａｎｓｗｅｒｔｏｅａｃｈｏｆｔｈｅｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｓ．ＴｈｅｎｍａｒｋｙｏｕｒａｎｓｗｅｒｏｎＡＮＳＷＥＲＳＨＥＥＴ１ｂｙｂｌａｃｋｅｎｉｎｇｔｈｅｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇｌｅｔｔｅｒｉｎｔｈｅｂｒａｃｋｅｔｓｗｉｔｈａｐｅｎｃｉｌ．（４０ｐｏｉｎｔｓ）Ｐａｓｓａｇｅ１Ａｈｉｓｔｏｒｙｏｆｌｏｎｇａｎｄｅｆｆｏｒｔｌｅｓｓｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｃａｎｂｅａｄｒｅａｄｆｕｌｈａｎｄｉｃａｐ，ｂｕｔ，ｉｆｐｒｏｐｅｒｌｙｈａｎｄｌｅｄ，ｉｔｍａｙｂｅｃｏｍｅａｄｒｉｖｉｎｇｆｏｒｃｅ．ＷｈｅｎｔｈｅＵｎｉｔｅｄＳｔａｔｅｓｅｎｔｅｒｅｄｊｕｓｔｓｕｃｈａｇｌｏｗｉｎｇｐｅｒｉｏｄａｆｔｅｒｔｈｅｅｎｄｏｆｔｈｅＳｅｃｏｎｄＷｏｒｌｄＷａｒ，ｉｔｈａｄａｍａｒｋｅｔｅｉｇｈｔｔｉｍｅｓｌａｒｇｅｒｔｈａｎａｎｙｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｏｒ，ｇｉｖｉｎｇｉｔｓｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉｅｓｕｎｐａｒａｌｌｅｌｅｄｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｅｓｏｆｓｃａｌｅ．Ｉｔｓｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓｗｅｒｅｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄｓｂｅｓｔ，ｉｔｓｗｏｒｋｅｒｓｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｓｋｉｌｌｅｄ．ＡｍｅｒｉｃａａｎｄＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎｓｗｅｒｅｐｒｏｓｐｅｒ１【红宝书】２０００年考研英语真题系统精析ｏｕｓｂｅｙｏｎｄｔｈｅｄｒｅａｍｓｏｆｔｈｅＥｕｒｏｐｅａｎｓａｎｄＡｓｉａｎｓｗｈｏｓｅｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｅｓｔｈｅｗａｒｈａｄｄｅｓｔｒｏｙｅｄ．Ｉｔｗａｓｉｎｅｖｉｔａｂｌｅｔｈａｔｔｈｉｓｐｒｉｍａｃｙｓｈｏｕｌｄｈａｖｅｎａｒｒｏｗｅｄａｓｏｔｈｅｒｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓｇｒｅｗｒｉｃｈｅｒ．Ｊｕｓｔａｓｉｎｅｖｉｔａｂｌｙ，ｔｈｅｒｅｔｒｅａｔｆｒｏｍｐｒｅｄｏｍｉｎａｎｃｅｐｒｏｖｅｄｐａｉｎｆｕｌ．Ｂｙｔｈｅｍｉｄ１９８０ｓ，Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎｓｈａｄｆｏｕｎｄｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓａｔａｌｏｓｓｏｖｅｒｔｈｅｉｒｆａｄｉｎｇｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａｌｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｉｖｅｎｅｓｓ．ＳｏｍｅｈｕｇｅＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉｅｓ，ｓｕｃｈａｓｃｏｎｓｕｍｅｒｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｓ，ｈａｄｓｈｒｕｎｋｏｒｖａｎｉｓｈｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｆａｃｅｏｆｆｏｒｅｉｇｎｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｉｏｎ．Ｂｙ１９８７ｔｈｅｒｅｗａｓｏｎｌｙｏｎｅＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎｔｅｌｅｖｉｓｉｏｎｍａｋｅｒｌｅｆｔ，Ｚｅｎｉｔｈ．（Ｎｏｗｔｈｅｒｅｉｓｎｏｎｅ：ＺｅｎｉｔｈｗａｓｂｏｕｇｈｔｂｙＳｏｕｔｈＫｏｒｅａｓＬＧＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｓｉｎＪｕｌｙ．）Ｆｏｒｅｉｇｎｍａｄｅｃａｒｓａｎｄｔｅｘｔｉｌｅｓｗｅｒｅｓｗｅｅｐｉｎｇｉｎｔｏｔｈｅｄｏｍｅｓｔｉｃｍａｒｋｅｔ．Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｓｍａｃｈｉｎｅｔｏｏｌｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙｗａｓｏｎｔｈｅｒｏｐｅｓ．Ｆｏｒａｗｈｉｌｅｉｔｌｏｏｋｅｄａｓｔｈｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｍａｋｉｎｇｏｆｓｅｍｉｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｏｒｓ，ｗｈｉｃｈＡｍｅｒｉｃａｈａｄｉｎｖｅｎｔｅｄａｎｄｗｈｉｃｈｓａｔａｔｔｈｅｈｅａｒｔｏｆｔｈｅｎｅｗｃｏｍｐｕｔｅｒａｇｅ，ｗａｓｇｏｉｎｇｔｏｂｅｔｈｅｎｅｘｔｃａｓｕａｌｔｙ．Ａｌｌｏｆｔｈｉｓｃａｕｓｅｄａｃｒｉｓｉｓｏｆｃｏｎｆｉｄｅｎｃｅ．Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎｓｓｔｏｐｐｅｄｔａｋｉｎｇｐｒｏｓｐｅｒｉｔｙｆｏｒｇｒａｎｔｅｄ．Ｔｈｅｙｂｅｇａｎｔｏｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｔｈａｔｔｈｅｉｒｗａｙｏｆｄｏｉｎｇｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓｗａｓｆａｉｌｉｎｇ，ａｎｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｉｒｉｎｃｏｍｅｓｗｏｕｌｄｔｈｅｒｅｆｏｒｅｓｈｏｒｔｌｙｂｅｇｉｎｔｏｆａｌｌａｓｗｅｌｌ．Ｔｈｅｍｉｄ１９８０ｓｂｒｏｕｇｈｔｏｎｅｉｎｑｕｉｒｙａｆｔｅｒａｎｏｔｈｅｒｉｎｔｏｔｈｅｃａｕｓｅｓｏｆＡｍｅｒｉｃａｓｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａｌｄｅｃｌｉｎｅ．Ｔｈｅｉｒｓｏｍｅｔｉｍｅｓｓｅｎｓａｔｉｏｎａｌｆｉｎｄｉｎｇｓｗｅｒｅｆｉｌｌｅｄｗｉｔｈｗａｒｎｉｎｇｓａｂｏｕｔｔｈｅｇｒｏｗｉｎｇｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｉｏｎｆｒｏｍｏｖｅｒｓｅａｓ．Ｈｏｗｔｈｉｎｇｓｈａｖｅｃｈａｎｇｅｄ！Ｉｎ１９９５ｔｈｅＵｎｉｔｅｄＳｔａｔｅｓｃａｎｌｏｏｋｂａｃｋｏｎｆｉｖｅｙｅａｒｓｏｆｓｏｌｉｄｇｒｏｗｔｈｗｈｉｌｅＪａｐａｎｈａｓｂｅｅｎｓｔｒｕｇｇｌｉｎｇ．ＦｅｗＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎｓａｔｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｔｈｉｓｓｏｌｅｌｙｔｏｓｕｃｈｏｂｖｉｏｕｓｃａｕｓｅｓａｓｄｅｖａｌｕｅｄｄｏｌｌａｒｏｒｔｈｅｔｕｒｎｉｎｇｏｆｔｈｅｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓｃｙｃｌｅ．Ｓｅｌｆｄｏｕｂｔｈａｓｙｉｅｌｄｅｄｔｏｂｌｉｎｄｐｒｉｄｅ．“Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙｈａｓｃｈａｎｇｅｄｉｔｓｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅ，ｈａｓｇｏｎｅｏｎａｄｉｅｔ，ｈａｓｌｅａｒｎｔｔｏｂｅｍｏｒｅｑｕｉｃｋｗｉｔｔｅｄ，”ａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏＲｉｃｈａｒｄＣａｖａｎａｇｈ，ｅｘｅｃｕｔｉｖｅｄｅａｎｏｆＨａｒｖａｒｄｓＫｅｎｎｅｄｙＳｃｈｏｏｌｏｆＧｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔ．“ＩｔｍａｋｅｓｍｅｐｒｏｕｄｔｏｂｅａｎＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎｊｕｓｔｔｏｓｅｅｈｏｗｏｕｒｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓｅｓａｒｅｉｍｐｒｏｖｉｎｇｔｈｅｉｒｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ．”ｓａｙｓＳｔｅｐｈｅｎＭｏｏｒｅｏｆｔｈｅＣａｔｏＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ，ａｔｈｉｎｋｔａｎｋｉｎＷａｓｈｉｎｇｔｏｎ，Ｄ．Ｃ．ＡｎｄＷｉｌｌｉａｍＳａｈｌｍａｎｏｆｔｈｅＨａｒｖａｒｄＢｕｓｉｎｅｓｓＳｃｈｏｏｌｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｓｔｈａｔｐｅｏｐｌｅｗｉｌｌｌｏｏｋｂａｃｋｏｎｔｈｉｓｐｅｒｉｏｄａｓ“ａｇｏｌｄｅｎａｇｅｏｆｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔｉｎｔｈｅＵｎｉｔｅｄＳｔａｔｅｓ．”５１．ＴｈｅＵ．Ｓ．ａｃｈｉｅｖｅｄｉｔｓｐｒｅｄｏｍｉｎａｎｃｅａｆｔｅｒＷｏｒｌｄＷａｒⅡｂｅｃａｕｓｅ．［Ａ］ｉｔｈａｄｍａｄｅｐａｉｎｓｔａｋｉｎｇｅｆｆｏｒｔｓｔｏｗａｒｄｓｔｈｉｓｇｏａｌ［Ｂ］ｉｔｓｄｏｍｅｓｔｉｃｍａｒｋｅｔｗａｓｅｉｇｈｔｔｉｍｅｓｌａｒｇｅｒｔｈａｎｂｅｆｏｒｅ［Ｃ］ｔｈｅｗａｒｈａｄｄｅｓｔｒｏｙｅｄｔｈｅｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｅｓｏｆｍｏｓｔｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｏｒｓ［Ｄ］ｔｈｅｕｎｐａｒａｌｌｅｌｅｄｓｉｚｅｏｆｉｔｓｗｏｒｋｆｏｒｃｅｈａｄｇｉｖｅｎａｎｉｍｐｅｔｕｓｔｏｉｔｓｅｃｏｎｏｍｙ５２．ＴｈｅｌｏｓｓｏｆＵ．Ｓ．ｐｒｅｄｏｍｉｎａｎｃｅｉｎｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄｅｃｏｎｏｍｙｉｎｔｈｅ１９８０ｓｉｓｍａｎｉｆｅｓｔｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｆａｃｔｔｈａｔｔｈｅＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎ．［Ａ］ＴＶｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙｈａｄｗｉｔｈｄｒａｗｎｔｏｉｔｓｄｏｍｅｓｔｉｃｍａｒｋｅｔ［Ｂ］ｓｅｍｉｃｏｎｄｕｃｔｏｒｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙｈａｄｂｅｅｎｔａｋｅｎｏｖｅｒｂｙｆｏｒｅｉｇｎｅｎｔｅｒｐｒｉｓｅｓ［Ｃ］ｍａｃｈｉｎｅｔｏｏｌｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙｈａｄｃｏｌｌａｐｓｅｄａｆｔｅｒｓｕｉｃｉｄａｌａｃｔｉｏｎｓ［Ｄ］ａｕｔｏｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙｈａｄｌｏｓｔｐａｒｔｏｆｉｔｓｄｏｍｅｓｔｉｃｍａｒｋｅｔ５３．Ｗｈａｔｃａｎｂｅｉｎｆｅｒｒｅｄｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅ？［Ａ］Ｉｔｉｓｈｕｍａｎｎａｔｕｒｅｔｏｓｈｉｆｔｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｓｅｌｆｄｏｕｂｔａｎｄｂｌｉｎｄｐｒｉｄｅ．［Ｂ］Ｉｎｔｅｎｓｅｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｉｏｎｍａｙｃｏｎｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｔｏｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓ．［Ｃ］Ｔｈｅｒｅｖｉｖａｌｏｆｔｈｅｅｃｏｎｏｍｙｄｅｐｅｎｄｓｏｎｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌｃｏｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎ．［Ｄ］Ａｌｏｎｇｈｉｓｔｏｒｙｏｆｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｍａｙｐａｖｅｔｈｅｗａｙｆｏｒｆｕｒｔｈｅｒｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔ．５４．ＴｈｅａｕｔｈｏｒｓｅｅｍｓｔｏｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｔｈｅｒｅｖｉｖａｌｏｆｔｈｅＵ．Ｓ．ｅｃｏｎｏｍｙｉｎｔｈｅ１９９０ｓｃａｎｂｅａｔｔｒｉｂｕｔｅｄｔｏｔｈｅ．［Ａ］ｔｕｒｎｉｎｇｏｆｔｈｅｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓｃｙｃｌｅ［Ｂ］ｒｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｉｎｇｏｆｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ［Ｃ］ｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｄｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔ［Ｄ］ｓｕｃｃｅｓｓｉｎｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎ２【红宝书】（请登陆红宝书网站：ｗｗｗ．ｈｏｎｇｂａｏｓｈｕ．ｃｏｍ下载其它考研英语资料）Ｐａｓｓａｇｅ２Ｂｅｉｎｇａｍａｎｈａｓａｌｗａｙｓｂｅｅｎｄａｎｇｅｒｏｕｓ．Ｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅａｂｏｕｔ１０５ｍａｌｅｓｂｏｒｎｆｏｒｅｖｅｒｙ１００ｆｅｍａｌｅｓ，ｂｕｔｔｈｉｓｒａｔｉｏｄｒｏｐｓｔｏｎｅａｒｂａｌａｎｃｅａｔｔｈｅａｇｅｏｆｍａｔｕｒｉｔｙ，ａｎｄａｍｏｎｇ７０ｙｅａｒｏｌｄｔｈｅｒｅａｒｅｔｗｉｃｅａｓｍａｎｙｗｏｍｅｎａｓｍｅｎ．Ｂｕｔｔｈｅｇｒｅａｔｕｎｉｖｅｒｓａｌｏｆｍａｌｅｍｏｒｔａｌｉｔｙｉｓｂｅｉｎｇｃｈａｎｇｅｄ．Ｎｏｗ，ｂｏｙｂａｂｉｅｓｓｕｒｖｉｖｅａｌｍｏｓｔａｓｗｅｌｌａｓｇｉｒｌｓｄｏ．Ｔｈｉｓｍｅａｎｓｔｈａｔ，ｆｏｒｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｔｉｍｅ，ｔｈｅｒｅｗｉｌｌｂｅａｎｅｘｃｅｓｓｏｆｂｏｙｓｉｎｔｈｏｓｅｃｒｕｃｉａｌｙｅａｒｓｗｈｅｎｔｈｅｙａｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｉｎｇｆｏｒａｍａｔｅ．Ｍｏｒｅｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔ，ａｎｏｔｈｅｒｃｈａｎｃｅｆｏｒｎａｔｕｒａｌｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｏｎｈａｓｂｅｅｎｒｅｍｏｖｅｄ．Ｆｉｆｔｙｙｅａｒｓａｇｏ，ｔｈｅｃｈａｎｃｅｏｆａｂａｂｙ（ｐａｒｔｉｃｕｌａｒｌｙａｂｏｙｂａｂｙ）ｓｕｒｖｉｖｉｎｇｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｄｏｎｉｔｓｗｅｉｇｈｔ．Ａｋｉｌｏｇｒａｍｔｏｏｌｉｇｈｔｏｒｔｏｏｈｅａｖｙｍｅａｎｔａｌｍｏｓｔｃｅｒｔａｉｎｄｅａｔｈ．Ｔｏｄａｙｉｔｍａｋｅｓａｌｍｏｓｔｎｏｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅ．Ｓｉｎｃｅｍｕｃｈｏｆｔｈｅｖａｒｉａｔｉｏｎｉｓｄｕｅｔｏｇｅｎｅｓ，ｏｎｅｍｏｒｅａｇｅｎｔｏｆｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｈａｓｇｏｎｅ．Ｔｈｅｒｅｉｓａｎｏｔｈｅｒｗａｙｔｏｃｏｍｍｉｔｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｒｙｓｕｉｃｉｄｅ：ｓｔａｙａｌｉｖｅ，ｂｕｔｈａｖｅｆｅｗｅｒｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ．Ｆｅｗｐｅｏｐｌｅａｒｅａｓｆｅｒｔｉｌｅａｓｉｎｔｈｅｐａｓｔ．Ｅｘｃｅｐｔｉｎｓｏｍｅｒｅｌｉｇｉｏｕｓｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｉｅｓ，ｖｅｒｙｆｅｗｗｏｍｅｎｈａｖｅ１５ｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎ．Ｎｏｗａｄａｙｓｔｈｅｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆｂｉｒｔｈｓ，ｌｉｋｅｔｈｅａｇｅｏｆｄｅａｔｈ，ｈａｓｂｅｃｏｍｅａｖｅｒａｇｅ．Ｍｏｓｔｏｆｕｓｈａｖｅｒｏｕｇｈｌｙｔｈｅｓａｍｅｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆｏｆｆｓｐｒｉｎｇ．Ａｇａｉｎ，ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｓｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｐｅｏｐｌｅａｎｄｔｈｅｏｐｐｏｒｔｕｎｉｔｙｆｏｒｎａｔｕｒａｌｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｏｎｔｏｔａｋｅａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅｏｆｉｔｈａｖｅｄｉｍｉｎｉｓｈｅｄ．Ｉｎｄｉａｓｈｏｗｓｗｈａｔｉｓｈａｐｐｅｎｉｎｇ．Ｔｈｅｃｏｕｎｔｒｙｏｆｆｅｒｓｗｅａｌｔｈｆｏｒａｆｅｗｉｎｔｈｅｇｒｅａｔｃｉｔｉｅｓａｎｄｐｏｖｅｒｔｙｆｏｒｔｈｅｒｅｍａｉｎｉｎｇｔｒｉｂａｌｐｅｏｐｌｅｓ．Ｔｈｅｇｒａｎｄｍｅｄｉｏｃｒｉｔｙｏｆｔｏｄａｙ—ｅｖｅｒｙｏｎｅｂｅｉｎｇｔｈｅｓａｍｅｉｎｓｕｒｖｉｖａｌａｎｄｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆｏｆｆｓｐｒｉｎｇ—ｍｅａｎｓｔｈａｔｎａｔｕｒａｌｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｏｎｈａｓｌｏｓｔ８０％ｏｆｉｔｓｐｏｗｅｒｉｎｕｐｐｅｒｍｉｄｄｌｅｃｌａｓｓＩｎｄｉａｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄｔｏｔｈｅｔｒｉｂｅｓ．Ｆｏｒｕｓ，ｔｈｉｓｍｅａｎｓｔｈａｔｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｉｓｏｖｅｒ；ｔｈｅｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＵｔｏｐｉａｈａｓａｒｒｉｖｅｄ．Ｓｔｒａｎｇｅｌｙ，ｉｔｈａｓｉｎｖｏｌｖｅｄｌｉｔｔｌｅｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌｃｈａｎｇｅ．Ｎｏｏｔｈｅｒｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｆｉｌｌｓｓｏｍａｎｙｐｌａｃｅｓｉｎｎａｔｕｒｅ．Ｂｕｔｉｎｔｈｅｐａｓｔ１００，０００ｙｅａｒｓ—ｅｖｅｎｔｈｅｐａｓｔ１００ｙｅａｒｓ—ｏｕｒｌｉｖｅｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｔｒａｎｓｆｏｒｍｅｄｂｕｔｏｕｒｂｏｄｉｅｓｈａｖｅｎｏｔ．Ｗｅｄｉｄｎｏｔｅｖｏｌｖｅ，ｂｅｃａｕｓｅｍａｃｈｉｎｅｓａｎｄｓｏｃｉｅｔｙｄｉｄｉｔｆｏｒｕｓ．Ｄａｒｗｉｎｈａｄａｐｈｒａｓｅｔｏｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｅｔｈｏｓｅｉｇｎｏｒａｎｔｏｆｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ：ｔｈｅｙ“ｌｏｏｋａｔａｎｏｒｇａｎｉｃｂｅｉｎｇａｓａｓａｖａｇｅｌｏｏｋｓａｔａｓｈｉｐ，ａｓａｔｓｏｍｅｔｈｉｎｇｗｈｏｌｌｙｂｅｙｏｎｄｈｉｓｃｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｏｎ．”Ｎｏｄｏｕｂｔｗｅｗｉｌｌｒｅｍｅｍｂｅｒａ２０ｔｈｃｅｎｔｕｒｙｗａｙｏｆｌｉｆｅｂｅｙｏｎｄｃｏｍｐｒｅｈｅｎｓｉｏｎｆｏｒｉｔｓｕｇｌｉｎｅｓｓ．ＢｕｔｈｏｗｅｖｅｒａｍａｚｅｄｏｕｒｄｅｓｃｅｎｄａｎｔｓｍａｙｂｅａｔｈｏｗｆａｒｆｒｏｍＵｔｏｐｉａｗｅｗｅｒｅ，ｔｈｅｙｗｉｌｌｌｏｏｋｊｕｓｔｌｉｋｅｕｓ．５５．Ｗｈａｔｕｓｅｄｔｏｂｅｔｈｅｄａｎｇｅｒｉｎｂｅｉｎｇａｍａｎａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｐａｒａｇｒａｐｈ？［Ａ］Ａｌａｃｋｏｆｍａｔｅｓ．［Ｂ］Ａｆｉｅｒｃｅｃｏｍｐｅｔｉｔｉｏｎ．［Ｃ］Ａｌｏｗｅｒｓｕｒｖｉｖａｌｒａｔｅ．［Ｄ］Ａｄｅｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｇｅｎｅ．５６．ＷｈａｔｄｏｅｓｔｈｅｅｘａｍｐｌｅｏｆＩｎｄｉａｉｌｌｕｓｔｒａｔｅ？［Ａ］Ｗｅａｌｔｈｙｐｅｏｐｌｅｔｅｎｄｔｏｈａｖｅｆｅｗｅｒｃｈｉｌｄｒｅｎｔｈａｎｐｏｏｒｐｅｏｐｌｅ．［Ｂ］Ｎａｔｕｒａｌｓｅｌｅｃｔｉｏｎｈａｒｄｌｙｗｏｒｋｓａｍｏｎｇｔｈｅｒｉｃｈａｎｄｔｈｅｐｏｏｒ．［Ｃ］Ｔｈｅｍｉｄｄｌｅｃｌａｓｓｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｉｓ８０％ｓｍａｌｌｅｒｔｈａｎｔｈａｔｏｆｔｒｉｂｅｓ．［Ｄ］Ｉｎｄｉａｉｓｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓｗｉｔｈａｖｅｒｙｈｉｇｈｂｉｒｔｈｒａｔｅ．５７．Ｔｈｅａｕｔｈｏｒａｒｇｕｅｓｔｈａｔｏｕｒｂｏｄｉｅｓｈａｖｅｓｔｏｐｐｅｄｅｖｏｌｖｉｎｇｂｅｃａｕｓｅ．［Ａ］ｌｉｆｅｈａｓｂｅｅｎｉｍｐｒｏｖｅｄｂｙｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌａｄｖａｎｃｅ［Ｂ］ｔｈｅｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆｆｅｍａｌｅｂａｂｉｅｓｈａｓｂｅｅｎｄｅｃｌｉｎｉｎｇ［Ｃ］ｏｕｒｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｈａｓｒｅａｃｈｅｄｔｈｅｈｉｇｈｅｓｔｓｔａｇｅｏｆｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ［Ｄ］ｔｈｅｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｃｅｂｅｔｗｅｅｎｗｅａｌｔｈａｎｄｐｏｖｅｒｔｙｉｓｄｉｓａｐｐｅａｒｉｎｇ５８．Ｗｈｉｃｈｏｆｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｗｏｕｌｄｂｅｔｈｅｂｅｓｔｔｉｔｌｅｆｏｒｔｈｅｐａｓｓａｇｅ？［Ａ］ＳｅｘＲａｔｉｏＣｈａｎｇｅｓｉｎＨｕｍａｎＥｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ［Ｂ］ＷａｙｓｏｆＣｏｎｔｉｎｕｉｎｇＭａｎｓＥｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎ［Ｃ］ＴｈｅＥｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｒｙＦｕｔｕｒｅｏｆＮａｔｕｒｅ［Ｄ］ＨｕｍａｎＥｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎＧｏｉｎｇＮｏｗｈｅｒｅ３【红宝书】２０００年考研英语真题系统精析Ｐａｓｓａｇｅ３Ｗｈｅｎａｎｅｗｍｏｖｅｍｅｎｔｉｎａｒｔａｔｔａｉｎｓａｃｅｒｔａｉｎｆａｓｈｉｏｎ，ｉｔｉｓａｄｖｉｓａｂｌｅｔｏｆｉｎｄｏｕｔｗｈａｔｉｔｓａｄｖｏｃａｔｅｓａｒｅａｉｍｉｎｇａｔ，ｆｏｒ，ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒｆａｒｆｅｔｃｈｅｄａｎｄｕｎｒｅａｓｏｎａｂｌｅｔｈｅｉｒｐｒｉｎｃｉｐｌｅｓｍａｙｓｅｅｍｔｏｄａｙ，ｉｔｉｓｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅｔｈａｔｉｎｙｅａｒｓｔｏｃｏｍｅｔｈｅｙｍａｙｂｅｒｅｇａｒｄｅｄａｓｎｏｒｍａｌ．ＷｉｔｈｒｅｇａｒｄｔｏＦｕｔｕｒｉｓｔｐｏｅｔｒｙ，ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ，ｔｈｅｃａｓｅｉｓｒａｔｈｅｒｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔ，ｆｏｒｗｈａｔｅｖｅｒＦｕｔｕｒｉｓｔｐｏｅｔｒｙｍａｙｂｅ———ｅｖｅｎａｄｍｉｔｔｉｎｇｔｈａｔｔｈｅｔｈｅｏｒｙｏｎｗｈｉｃｈｉｔｉｓｂａｓｅｄｍａｙｂｅｒｉｇｈｔ———ｉｔｃａｎｈａｒｄｌｙｂｅｃｌａｓｓｅｄａｓＬｉｔｅｒａｔｕｒｅ．Ｔｈｉｓ，ｉｎｂｒｉｅｆ，ｉｓｗｈａｔｔｈｅＦｕｔｕｒｉｓｔｓａｙｓ：ｆｏｒａｃｅｎｔｕｒｙ，ｐａｓｔｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｌｉｆｅｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌｌｙｓｐｅｅｄｉｎｇｕｐ，ｔｉｌｌｎｏｗｗｅｌｉｖｅｉｎａｗｏｒｌｄｏｆｎｏｉｓｅａｎｄｖｉｏｌｅｎｃｅａｎｄｓｐｅｅｄ．Ｃｏｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｔｌｙ，ｏｕｒｆｅｅｌｉｎｇｓ，ｔｈｏｕｇｈｔｓ，ａｎｄｅｍｏｔｉｏｎｓｈａｖｅｕｎｄｅｒｇｏｎｅａｃｏｒｒｅｓｐｏｎｄｉｎｇｃｈａｎｇｅ．Ｔｈｉｓｓｐｅｅｄｉｎｇｕｐｏｆｌｉｆｅ，ｓａｙｓｔｈｅＦｕｔｕｒｉｓｔ，ｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｓａｎｅｗｆｏｒｍｏｆｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ．Ｗｅｍｕｓｔｓｐｅｅｄｕｐｏｕｒｌｉｔｅｒａｔｕｒｅｔｏｏ，ｉｆｗｅｗａｎｔｔｏｉｎｔｅｒｐｒｅｔｍｏｄｅｒｎｓｔｒｅｓｓ．Ｗｅｍｕｓｔｐｏｕｒｏｕｔａｌａｒｇｅｓｔｒｅａｍｏｆｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌｗｏｒｄｓ，ｕｎｈａｍｐｅｒｅｄｂｙｓｔｏｐｓ，ｏｒｑｕａｌｉｆｙｉｎｇａｄｊｅｃｔｉｖｅｓ，ｏｒｆｉｎｉｔｅｖｅｒｂｓ．Ｉｎｓｔｅａｄｏｆｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｉｎｇｓｏｕｎｄｓｗｅｍｕｓｔｍａｋｅｕｐｗｏｒｄｓｔｈａｔｉｍｉｔａｔｅｔｈｅｍ；ｗｅｍｕｓｔｕｓｅｍａｎｙｓｉｚｅｓｏｆｔｙｐｅａｎｄｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｃｏｌｏｒｅｄｉｎｋｓｏｎｔｈｅｓａｍｅｐａｇｅ，ａｎｄｓｈｏｒｔｅｎｏｒｌｅｎｇｔｈｅｎｗｏｒｄｓａｔｗｉｌｌ．Ｃｅｒｔａｉｎｌｙｔｈｅｉｒｄｅｓｃｒｉｐｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｂａｔｔｌｅｓａｒｅｃｏｎｆｕｓｅｄ．ＢｕｔｉｔｉｓａｌｉｔｔｌｅｕｐｓｅｔｔｉｎｇｔｏｒｅａｄｉｎｔｈｅｅｘｐｌａｎａｔｏｒｙｎｏｔｅｓｔｈａｔａｃｅｒｔａｉｎｌｉｎｅｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｅｓａｆｉｇｈｔｂｅｔｗｅｅｎａＴｕｒｋｉｓｈａｎｄａＢｕｌｇａｒｉａｎｏｆｆｉｃｅｒｏｎａｂｒｉｄｇｅｏｆｆｗｈｉｃｈｔｈｅｙｂｏｔｈｆａｌｌｉｎｔｏｔｈｅｒｉｖｅｒ—ａｎｄｔｈｅｎｔｏｆｉｎｄｔｈａｔｔｈｅｌｉｎｅｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｓｏｆｔｈｅｎｏｉｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｉｒｆａｌｌｉｎｇａｎｄｔｈｅｗｅｉｇｈｔｓｏｆｔｈｅｏｆｆｉｃｅｒｓ：“Ｐｌｕｆｆ！Ｐｌｕｆｆ！Ａｈｕｎｄｒｅｄａｎｄｅｉｇｈｔｙｆｉｖｅｋｉｌｏｇｒａｍｓ．”Ｔｈｉｓ，ｔｈｏｕｇｈｉｔｆｕｌｆｉｌｌｓｔｈｅｌａｗｓａｎｄｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｍｅｎｔｓｏｆＦｕｔｕｒｉｓｔｐｏｅｔｒｙ，ｃａｎｈａｒｄｌｙｂｅｃｌａｓｓｅｄａｓＬｉｔｅｒａｔｕｒｅ．Ａｌｌｔｈｅｓａｍｅ，ｎｏｔｈｉｎｋｉｎｇｍａｎｃａｎｒｅｆｕｓｅｔｏａｃｃｅｐｔｔｈｅｉｒｆｉｒｓｔｐｒｏｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ：ｔｈａｔａｇｒｅａｔｃｈａｎｇｅｉｎｏｕｒｅｍｏｔｉｏｎａｌｌｉｆｅｃａｌｌｓｆｏｒａｃｈａｎｇｅｏｆｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ．Ｔｈｅｗｈｏｌｅｑｕｅｓｔｉｏｎｉｓｒｅａｌｌｙｔｈｉｓ：ｈａｖｅｗｅｅｓｓｅｎｔｉａｌｌｙｃｈａｎｇｅｄ？５９．Ｔｈｉｓｐａｓｓａｇｅｉｓｍａｉｎｌｙ．［Ａ］ａｓｕｒｖｅｙｏｆｎｅｗａｐｐｒｏａｃｈｅｓｔｏａｒｔ［Ｂ］ａｒｅｖｉｅｗｏｆＦｕｔｕｒｉｓｔｐｏｅｔｒｙ［Ｃ］ａｂｏｕｔｍｅｒｉｔｓｏｆｔｈｅＦｕｔｕｒｉｓｔｍｏｖｅｍｅｎｔ［Ｄ］ａｂｏｕｔｌａｗｓａｎｄｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｍｅｎｔｓｏｆｌｉｔｅｒａｔｕｒｅ６０．Ｗｈｅｎａｎｏｖｅｌｌｉｔｅｒａｒｙｉｄｅａａｐｐｅａｒｓ，ｐｅｏｐｌｅｓｈｏｕｌｄｔｒｙｔｏ．［Ａ］ｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｉｔｓｐｕｒｐｏｓｅｓ［Ｂ］ｉｇｎｏｒｅｉｔｓｆｌａｗｓ［Ｃ］ｆｏｌｌｏｗｔｈｅｎｅｗｆａｓｈｉｏｎｓ［Ｄ］ａｃｃｅｐｔｔｈｅｐｒｉｎｃｉｐｌｅｓ６１．Ｆｕｔｕｒｉｓｔｓｃｌａｉｍｔｈａｔｗｅｍｕｓｔ．［Ａ］ｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｔｈｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｌｉｔｅｒａｔｕｒｅ［Ｂ］ｕｓｅｐｏｅｔｒｙｔｏｒｅｌｉｅｖｅｍｏｄｅｒｎｓｔｒｅｓｓ［Ｃ］ｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｎｅｗｍｏｄｅｓｏｆｅｘｐｒｅｓｓｉｏｎ［Ｄ］ａｖｏｉｄｕｓｉｎｇａｄｊｅｃｔｉｖｅｓａｎｄｖｅｒｂｓ６２．ＴｈｅａｕｔｈｏｒｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｓｔｈａｔＦｕｔｕｒｉｓｔｐｏｅｔｒｙｉｓ．［Ａ］ｂａｓｅｄｏｎｒｅａｓｏｎａｂｌｅｐｒｉｎｃｉｐｌｅｓ［Ｂ］ｎｅｗａｎｄａｃｃｅｐｔａｂｌｅｔｏｏｒｄｉｎａｒｙｐｅｏｐｌｅ［Ｃ］ｉｎｄｉｃａｔｉｖｅｏｆａｂａｓｉｃｃｈａｎｇｅｉｎｈｕｍａｎｎａｔｕｒｅ［Ｄ］ｍｏｒｅｏｆａｔｒａｎｓｉｅｎｔｐｈｅｎｏｍｅｎｏｎｔｈａｎｌｉｔｅｒａｔｕｒｅ４【红宝书】（请登陆红宝书网站：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ｐｅｏｐｌｅｎｏｌｏｎｇｅｒｆｅｅｌｉｔｓｓｔｉｒｒｉｎｇｓａｎｄｐｒｏｍｐｔｉｎｇｓ，ｂｕｔｏｎｌｙｔｈａｔ，ｎｏｌｏｎｇｅｒｏｐｅｎｌｙｈｏｎｏｒｅｄ，ｉｔｉｓｌｅｓｓｏｐｅｎｌｙｐｒｏｆｅｓｓｅｄ．Ｃｏｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｓｆｏｌｌｏｗｆｒｏｍｔｈｉｓ，ｏｆｃｏｕｒｓｅ，ｓｏｍｅｏｆｗｈｉｃｈａｒｅｔｈａｔａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｉｓｄｒｉｖｅｎｕｎｄｅｒｇｒｏｕｎｄ，ｏｒｍａｄｅｓｌｙ．Ｓｕｃｈ，ｔｈｅｎ，ｉｓｔｈｅｗａｙｔｈｉｎｇｓｓｔａｎｄ：ｏｎｔｈｅｌｅｆｔａｎｇｒｙｃｒｉｔｉｃｓ，ｏｎｔｈｅｒｉｇｈｔｓｔｕｐｉｄｓｕｐｐｏｒｔｅｒｓ，ａｎｄｉｎｔｈｅｍｉｄｄｌｅ，ａｓｕｓｕａｌ，ｔｈｅｍａｊｏｒｉｔｙｏｆｅａｒｎｅｓｔｐｅｏｐｌｅｔｒｙｉｎｇｔｏｇｅｔｏｎｉｎｌｉｆｅ．６７．Ｉｔｉｓｇｅｎｅｒａｌｌｙｂｅｌｉｅｖｅｄｔｈａｔａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｍａｙｂｅｗｅｌｌｒｅｇａｒｄｅｄｉｆ．［Ａ］ｉｔｓｒｅｔｕｒｎｓｗｅｌｌｃｏｍｐｅｎｓａｔｅｆｏｒｔｈｅｓａｃｒｉｆｉｃｅｓ［Ｂ］ｉｔｉｓｒｅｗａｒｄｅｄｗｉｔｈｍｏｎｅｙ，ｆａｍｅａｎｄｐｏｗｅｒ［Ｃ］ｉｔｓｇｏａｌｓａｒｅｓｐｉｒｉｔｕａｌｒａｔｈｅｒｔｈａｎｍａｔｅｒｉａｌ［Ｄ］ｉｔｉｓｓｈａｒｅｄｂｙｔｈｅｒｉｃｈａｎｄｔｈｅｆａｍｏｕｓ６８．Ｔｈｅｌａｓｔｓｅｎｔｅｎｃｅｏｆｔｈｅｆｉｒｓｔｐａｒａｇｒａｐｈｍｏｓｔｐｒｏｂａｂｌｙｉｍｐｌｉｅｓｔｈａｔｉｔｉｓ．［Ａ］ｃｕｓｔｏｍａｒｙｏｆｔｈｅｅｄｕｃａｔｅｄｔｏｄｉｓｃａｒｄａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｉｎｗｏｒｄｓ［Ｂ］ｔｏｏｌａｔｅｔｏｃｈｅｃｋａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｏｎｃｅｉｔｈａｓｂｅｅｎｌｅｔｏｕｔ［Ｃ］ｄｉｓｈｏｎｅｓｔｔｏｄｅｎｙａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎａｆｔｅｒｔｈｅｆｕｌｆｉｌｌｍｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｅｇｏａｌ［Ｄ］ｉｍｐｒａｃｔｉｃａｌｆｏｒｔｈｅｅｄｕｃａｔｅｄｔｏｅｎｊｏｙｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓｆｒｏｍａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎ６【红宝书】（请登陆红宝书网站：ｗｗｗ．ｈｏｎｇｂａｏｓｈｕ．ｃｏｍ下载其它考研英语资料）６９．Ｓｏｍｅｐｅｏｐｌｅｄｏｎｏｔｏｐｅｎｌｙａｄｍｉｔｔｈｅｙｈａｖｅａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｂｅｃａｕｓｅ．［Ａ］ｔｈｅｙｔｈｉｎｋｏｆｉｔａｓｉｍｍｏｒａｌ［Ｂ］ｔｈｅｉｒｐｕｒｓｕｉｔｓａｒｅｎｏｔｆａｍｅｏｒｗｅａｌｔｈ［Ｃ］ａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｉｓｎｏｔｃｌｏｓｅｌｙｒｅｌａｔｅｄｔｏｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓ［Ｄ］ｔｈｅｙｄｏｎｏｔｗａｎｔｔｏａｐｐｅａｒｇｒｅｅｄｙａｎｄｃｏｎｔｅｍｐｔｉｂｌｅ７０．Ｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｌａｓｔｐａｒａｇｒａｐｈｔｈｅｃｏｎｃｌｕｓｉｏｎｃａｎｂｅｄｒａｗｎｔｈａｔａｍｂｉｔｉｏｎｓｈｏｕｌｄｂｅｍａｉｎｔａｉｎｅｄ．［Ａ］ｓｅｃｒｅｔｌｙａｎｄｖｉｇｏｒｏｕｓｌｙ［Ｂ］ｏｐｅｎｌｙａｎｄｅｎｔｈｕｓｉａｓｔｉｃａｌｌｙ［Ｃ］ｅａｓｉｌｙａｎｄｍｏｍｅｎｔａｒｉｌｙ［Ｄ］ｖｅｒｂａｌｌｙａｎｄｓｐｉｒｉｔｕａｌｌｙＰａｒｔⅣＥｎｇｌｉｓｈＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＴｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎＤｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：ＲｅａｄｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｐａｓｓａｇｅｓａｎｄｔｈｅｎｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｅｔｈｅｕｎｄｅｒｌｉｎｅｄｓｅｇｍｅｎｔｓｉｎｔｏＣｈｉｎｅｓｅ．ＹｏｕｒｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｏｎｓｈｏｕｌｄｂｅｗｒｉｔｔｅｎｎｅａｔｌｙｏｎｔｈｅＡＮＳＷＥＲＳＨＥＥＴ２．（１５ｐｏｉｎｔｓ）Ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔｓｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｏｕｔｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄａｃｔｏｎｔｈｅａｓｓｕｍｐｔｉｏｎｔｈａｔｔｈｅｗｅｌｆａｒｅｏｆｔｈｅｉｒｐｅｏｐｌｅｄｅｐｅｎｄｓｌａｒｇｅｌｙｏｎｔｈｅｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈａｎｄｗｅａｌｔｈｏｆｔｈｅｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｙ．（７１）Ｕｎｄｅｒｍｏｄｅｒｎｃｏｎｄｉｔｉｏｎｓ，ｔｈｉｓｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｓｖａｒｙｉｎｇｍｅａｓｕｒｅｓｏｆｃｅｎｔｒａｌｉｚｅｄｃｏｎｔｒｏｌａｎｄｈｅｎｃｅｔｈｅｈｅｌｐｏｆｓｐｅｃｉａｌｉｚｅｄｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓｓｕｃｈａｓｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｓｔｓａｎｄｏｐｅｒａｔｉｏｎａｌｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｘｐｅｒｔｓ．（７２）Ｆｕｒｔｈｅｒｍｏｒｅ，ｉｔｉｓｏｂｖｉｏｕｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈｏｆａｃｏｕｎｔｒｙｓｅｃｏｎｏｍｙｉｓｄｉｒｅｃｔｌｙｂｏｕｎｄｕｐｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｅｆｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙｏｆｉｔｓａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅａｎｄｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ，ａｎｄｔｈａｔｔｈｉｓｉｎｔｕｒｎｒｅｓｔｓｕｐｏｎｔｈｅｅｆｆｏｒｔｓｏｆｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓａｎｄｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｓｔｓｏｆａｌｌｋｉｎｄｓ．Ｉｔａｌｓｏｍｅａｎｓｔｈａｔｔｈｅｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔｓａｒｅｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｌｙｃｏｍｐｅｌｌｅｄｔｏｉｎｔｅｒｆｅｒｅｉｎｔｈｅｓｅｓｅｃｔｏｒｓｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｓｔｅｐｕｐｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎａｎｄｅｎｓｕｒｅｔｈａｔｉｔｉｓｕｔｉｌｉｚｅｄｔｏｔｈｅｂｅｓｔａｄｖａｎｔａｇｅ．Ｆｏｒｅｘａｍｐｌｅ，ｔｈｅｙｍａｙｅｎｃｏｕｒａｇｅｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｉｎｖａｒｉｏｕｓｗａｙｓ，ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇｔｈｅｓｅｔｔｉｎｇｕｐｏｆｔｈｅｉｒｏｗｎｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｃｅｎｔｅｒｓ；ｔｈｅｙｍａｙａｌｔｅｒｔｈｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｏｆｅｄｕｃａｔｉｏｎ，ｏｒｉｎｔｅｒｆｅｒｅｉｎｏｒｄｅｒｔｏｒｅｄｕｃｅｔｈｅｗａｓｔａｇｅｏｆｎａｔｕｒａｌｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓｏｒｔａｐｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓｈｉｔｈｅｒｔｏｕｎｅｘｐｌｏｉｔｅｄ；ｏｒｔｈｅｙｍａｙｃｏｏｐｅｒａｔｅｄｉｒｅｃｔｌｙｉｎｔｈｅｇｒｏｗｉｎｇｎｕｍｂｅｒｏｆｉｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌｐｒｏｊｅｃｔｓｒｅｌａｔｅｄｔｏｓｃｉｅｎｃｅ，ｅｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｓａｎｄｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ．Ｉｎａｎｙｃａｓｅ，ａｌｌｓｕｃｈｉｎｔｅｒｖｅｎｔｉｏｎｓａｒｅｈｅａｖｉｌｙｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔｏｎｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｄｖｉｃｅａｎｄａｌｓｏｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｎｄｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｍａｎｐｏｗｅｒｏｆａｌｌｋｉｎｄｓ．（７３）Ｏｗｉｎｇｔｏｔｈｅｒｅｍａｒｋａｂｌｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｉｎｍａｓｓｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ，ｐｅｏｐｌｅｅｖｅｒｙｗｈｅｒｅａｒｅｆｅｅｌｉｎｇｎｅｗｗａｎｔｓａｎｄａｒｅｂｅｉｎｇｅｘｐｏｓｅｄｔｏｎｅｗｃｕｓｔｏｍｓａｎｄｉｄｅａｓ，ｗｈｉｌｅｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔｓａｒｅｏｆｔｅｎｆｏｒｃｅｄｔｏｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｅｓｔｉｌｌｆｕｒｔｈｅｒｉｎｎｏｖａｔｉｏｎｓｆｏｒｔｈｅｒｅａｓｏｎｓｇｉｖｅｎａｂｏｖｅ．Ａｔｔｈｅｓａｍｅｔｉｍｅ，ｔｈｅｎｏｒｍａｌｒａｔｅｏｆｓｏｃｉａｌｃｈａｎｇｅｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｏｕｔｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄｉｓｔａｋｉｎｇｐｌａｃｅａｔａｖａｓｔｌｙａｃｃｅｌｅｒａｔｅｄｓｐｅｅｄｃｏｍｐａｒｅｄｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｐａｓｔ．Ｆｏｒｅｘａｍｐｌｅ，（７４）ｉｎｔｈｅｅａｒｌｙｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａｌｉｚｅｄｃｏｕｎｔｒｉｅｓｏｆＥｕｒｏｐｅｔｈｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｏｆｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉａｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎ—ｗｉｔｈａｌｌｔｈｅｆａｒｒｅａｃｈｉｎｇｃｈａｎｇｅｓｉｎｓｏｃｉａｌｐａｔｔｅｒｎｓｔｈａｔｆｏｌｌｏｗｅｄ—ｗａｓｓｐｒｅａｄｏｖｅｒｎｅａｒｌｙａｃｅｎｔｕｒｙ，ｗｈｅｒｅａｓｎｏｗａｄａｙｓａｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｉｎｇｎａｔｉｏｎｍａｙｕｎｄｅｒｇｏｔｈｅｓａｍｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎａｄｅｃａｄｅｏｒｓｏ．Ａｌｌｔｈｉｓｈａｓｔｈｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｆｂｕｉｌｄｉｎｇｕｐｕｎｕｓｕａｌｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅｓａｎｄｔｅｎｓｉｏｎｓｗｉｔｈｉｎｔｈｅｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｔｙａｎｄｃｏｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｔｌｙｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｓｓｅｒｉｏｕｓｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓｆｏｒｔｈｅｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔｓｃｏｎｃｅｒｎｅｄ．（７５）Ａｄｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌｓｏｃｉａｌｓｔｒｅｓｓｅｓｍａｙａｌｓｏｏｃｃｕｒｂｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｐｏｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎｅｘｐｌｏｓｉｏｎｏｒｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓａｒｉｓｉｎｇｆｒｏｍｍａｓｓｍｉｇｒａｔｉｏｎｍｏｖｅｍｅｎｔｓ—ｔｈｅｍｓｅｌｖｅｓｍａｄｅｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙｅａｓｙｎｏｗａｄａｙｓｂｙｍｏｄｅｒｎｍｅａｎｓｏｆｔｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔ．Ａｓａｒｅｓｕｌｔｏｆａｌｌｔｈｅｓｅｆａｃｔｏｒｓ，ｇｏｖｅｒｎｍｅｎｔｓａｒｅｂｅｃｏｍｉｎｇｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｌｙｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔｏｎｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｓｔｓａｎｄｓｏｃｉａｌｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓｆｏｒｐｌａｎｎｉｎｇｔｈｅａｐｐｒｏｐｒｉａｔｅｐｒｏｇｒａｍｓａｎｄｐｕｔｔｉｎｇｔｈｅｍｉｎｔｏｅｆｆｅｃｔ．７【红宝书】２０００年考研英语真题系统精析ＰａｒｔⅤＷｒｉｔｉｎｇ（１５ｐｏｉｎｔｓ）Ｄｉｒｅｃｔｉｏｎｓ：Ａ．Ｓｔｕｄｙｔｈｅｆｏｌｌｏｗｉｎｇｔｗｏｐｉｃｔｕｒｅｓｃａｒｅｆｕｌｌｙａｎｄｗｒｉｔｅａｎｅｓｓａｙｏｆａｔｌｅａｓｔ１５０ｗｏｒｄｓ．Ｂ．ＹｏｕｒｅｓｓａｙｍｕｓｔｂｅｗｒｉｔｔｅｎｎｅａｔｌｙｏｎＡＮＳＷＥＲＳＨＥＥＴ２．Ｃ．Ｙｏｕｒｅｓｓａｙｓｈｏｕｌｄｍｅｅｔｔｈｅｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｍｅｎｔｓｂｅｌｏｗ：　１）Ｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｅｔｈｅｐｉｃｔｕｒｅｓ．　２）Ｄｅｄｕｃｅｔｈｅｐｕｒｐｏｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｐａｉｎｔｅｒｏｆｔｈｅｐｉｃｔｕｒｅｓ．　３）Ｓｕｇｇｅｓｔｃｏｕｎｔｅｒｍｅａｓｕｒｅｓ．ＡＢｒｉｅｆＨｉｓｔｏｒｙｏｆＷｏｒｌｄＣｏｍｍｅｒｃｉａｌＦｉｓｈｉｎｇArray８２０００年考研英语真题答案快速扫描　（１～４０略：新大纲不再考查的部分）４１．Ｃ４２．Ａ４３．Ｂ４４．Ａ４５．Ｃ４６．Ｄ４７．Ｂ４８．Ｄ４９．Ｃ５０．Ｄ５１．Ｃ５２．Ｄ５３．Ｂ５４．Ａ５５．Ｃ５６．Ｂ５７．Ａ５８．Ｄ５９．Ｂ６０．Ａ６１．Ｃ６２．Ｄ６３．Ｂ６４．Ｄ６５．Ｃ６６．Ａ６７．Ａ６８．Ｃ６９．Ｄ７０．Ｂ２０００年考研英语真题答案系统精析ＰａｒｔⅠＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅａｎｄＶｏｃａｂｕｌａｒｙ　（１～４０略：新大纲不再考查的部分）ＰａｒｔⅡＣｌｏｚｅＴｅｓｔ文章大意本文是一篇短小的论证性文章，其主题是强调了农民储存余粮的必要性。

2000年考研英语试题及参考答案(3)

2000年考研英语试题及参考答案(3)The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teen-agers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan's rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. In a recent survey, it was found that only 24.5 percent of Japanese students were fully satisfied with school life, compared with 67.2 percent of students in the United States. In addition, far more Japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed.While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression." Those things that do not show up in the test scores personality, ability, courage or humanity are completely ignored," says Toshiki Kaifu, chairman of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party's education committee." Frustration against this kind of thing leads kids to drop out and run wild." Last year Japan experienced2,125 incidents of school violence, including 929 assaults on teachers. Amid the outcry, many conservative leaders are seeking a return to the prewar emphasis on moraleducation. Last year Mitsuo Setoyama, who was then education minister, raised eyebrows when he argued that liberal reforms introduced by the American occupation authorities after World WarⅡhad weakened the "Japanese morality of respect for parents."But that may have more to do with Japanese life-stvles." In Japan," says educator Yoko Muro, "it's never a question of whether you enjoy your job and your life, but only how much you can endure." With economic growth has come centralization; fully 76 percent of Japan's 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two generation households. Urban Japanese have long endured lengthy commutes(travels to and from work)and crowded living conditions, but as the old group and family values weaken, the discomfort is beginning to tell. In the past decade, the Japanese divorce rate, while still well below that of the United States, has increased by more than 50 percent, and suicides have increased by nearly one-quarter.63.In the Westerner's eyes, the postwar Japan was_____ .［A］under aimless development［B］a positive example［C］a rival to the West［D］on the decline64.According to the author, what may chiefly be responsible for the moral decline of Japanese society?［A］Women's participation in social activities is limited.［B］More workers are dissatisfied with their jobs.［C］Excessive emphasis his been placed on the basics.［D］The life-style has been influenced by Western values.65.Which of the following is true according to the author?［A］Japanese education is praised for helping the young climb the social ladder［B］Japanese education is characterized by mechanical learning as well as creativity.［C］More stress should be placed on the cultivation of creativity.［D］Dropping out leads to frustration against test taking.66.The change in Japanese Life-style is revealed in the fact that____ .［A］the young are less tolerant of discomforts in the fact that_____ .［B］the divorce rate in Japan exceeds that in the U.S.［C］the Japanese endure more than ever before［D］the Japanese appreciate their present lifePassage 5If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition health, distinction, control over one's destiny must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition's behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, However, it is the educated who have claimed to have give up on have give up on ambition as an ideal. What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition-if not always their own the that of their parents and grandparents. There is heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped with the educated themselves riding on them.Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs. The locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar.Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is," Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious."The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where the are not extremely unattractive. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly underground, or made sly. Such, then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.67.It is generally believed that ambition may be wellregarded if _____.［A］its returns well compensate for the sacrifices［B］it is rewarded with money, fame and power［C］its goals are spiritual rather than material［D］it is shared by the rich and the famous68.The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is____ .［A］customary of the educated to discard ambition in words ［B］too late to check ambition once it has been let out ［C］dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goal［D］impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition69.Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because____ .［A］they think of it as immoral［B］their pursuits are not fame or wealth［C］ambition is not closely related to material benefits ［D］they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible 70.From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained_____ .［A］secretly and vigorously［B］openly and enthusiastically［C］easily and momentarily［D］verbally and spirituallyPart Ⅳ English-Chinese TranslationDirections:Read the following passage carefully and then translate underlined sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written neatly no ASWER SHEET2.(15points)Governments throughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community.71)Under modem conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts.72)Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country's economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds. It also means that governments are increasingly compelled to interfere in these sectors in order to step up production and ensure that it is utilized to the best advantage. For example,the may encourage research in various ways, including the setting up of their own research centers; they may alter the structure of education, of in they may cooperate directly in the growing number of international projects related to science, economics and industry. In any case, all such interventions are heavily dependent on scientific advice and also scientific and technological manpower of all kinds.73)Owing to the remarkable development in mass-communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above. At the same time, the normal rate of social change throughout the world is taking place at a vastly accelerated speed compared with the past. For example.74)in the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed-was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. All this has the effect of building up unusual pressures and tensions within the community and consequently presents serious problems for the governments concerned.75)Additional social stresses may also occur becauseof the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements-themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. As a result of all these factors, governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into effect.。

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