2014年同等学力申硕考试英语真题与答案(卷一文字版)
2014年同等学力申硕英语真题-参考范文
第 1 页 共 1 页 A Way to Success In the above story ，Xiao Liu chose to be a translator on internet after graduation, which was not valued by people at that time, because they believed that entering a public institution is the best choice. However, five years later, Xiao Liu had his own company and succeeded. Undoubtedly, I am quite in favor of Xiao Liu’s way of success. As the issue of “starting a business” is becoming more and more important for college students, it’s clear that we can promote it. From Xiao Liu’s story, we can arrive at such a conclusion that sometimes choosing a way seldom chosen by other people could increase the chance of success. As far as I am concerned, if you want to be successful, the following factors are the most important. On the one hand, you should be persistent in what you do, which is something that we can’t do without. On the other hand, you should constantly absorb new knowledge especially in such an intensely competitive society. Only in these ways can you be successful.新阳光教育 新阳光教育 新阳光教育 新阳光教育。
2014年同等学力英语真题
绝密★启封并使用完毕前2014年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试英语试卷一考生填写：考生须知1. 本考试分试卷一和试卷二两部分，试卷一满分为75分，考试时间100分钟，9:00开始10:40结束；试卷二满分为25分，考试时间为50分钟，10:40开始，11:30结束。
2. 考生务必将本人考号最后两位数字填写在本页右上角方框内。
3. 本试卷为A型试卷，请将答案用2B铅笔填涂在A型试卷一答题卡上，答在试卷上或其他类型的答题卡上无效，答题前，请核对试卷一答题卡是否为A型卡，若不是，请要求监考老师予以更改。
4. 在答题卡上正确的填涂方法为：在代表答案的字母上划线，如[A][B][C][D]。
5. 监考员宣布考试结束后，请停止答试卷一，将试卷一和试卷一答题卡反扣在自己的桌上，继续做试卷二。
监考员将到座位上收取试卷一和试卷一答题卡。
6. 监考员收卷过程中，考生须配合监考员验收，并请监考员在准考证上签字（作为考生卷的凭证），否则，若发生答卷遗失，责任由考生自负。
Part I Oral Communication (10 points)Section ADirections:In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A，B and C, taken from the dialogue. Fill in each of the blanks withone of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the AnswerSheet.Dialogue OneA. I thought you said there were three menB. They had been in there for about 5 minutesC. It‘s the other man I‘m talking aboutBurney:There were two men, I think. No, three. They ran into the bank and the one with the gun, the tall one, he runs up to the window, and starts shoutingsomething, I don‘t know, ―give me all your money ‖ and the other onePolice officer: 1 ？Burney:No, there were two men and a girl. 2 , the one carrying the suitcase, well, he goes up to the other guyPolice officer:The one with the gun?Burney:Yes, and he opens the suitcase and the cashier, well, she-well, all the other people behind the window-they hand over piles of money and the two menput it into the suitcase and they run out. It was 1:35. 3Dialogue TwoA. People today don‘t like thatB. I like a good storyC. They still make movies like thatSpeaker A:I like watching old movies and I think they are the best.Speaker B:I agree with you, even though they‘re in black and white. I think a good story is more important than color.Speaker A:And there was no violence in old movies.Speaker B:No, there wasn‘t 4 .Speaker A:They like lots of action.Speaker B: 5 .Speaker A:I like to see actors who are like real people.Speaker B:Like real people with real problemsSpeaker A: 6 .Speaker B:Yes, but they never make much money.Section BDirections:In this section there is one incomplete interview which has four blanks and four choices A, B, C and D, taken from the interview. Fill in each of the blanks with one ofthe choices to complete the interview and mark your answer on the ANSWERSHEET.A.I do a lot of research on the Internet tooB. I do a lot of my shopping on the net nowC. Of course they mail their friends endlesslyD. I document everythingInterviewer:Ms. Chen , can you tell us which pieces of technology are important to you ? Interviewee:Three things: my Sharp laptop; my iphone5;and my Olympus digital camera.__7___: the kids, art, buildings, clothes, scenes that catch my eyes as I walk past. Interviewer:What do you use your computer for?Interviewee:Well, I send emails all the time. But I do a lot of my design work on screen now and I can send my ideas straight to directors and producers.____8____---there are some fantastic sites around now.Interviewer:Who uses the computer at home?Interviewee:The kids use the computer all the time at home.___9____---and on top of that they are always texting on their mobile phones! They play computer games when theythink I or their father aren‘t looking!They don‘t like doing homework, of course,but there are some really good revision sites on theInternet .___10____-----15minutes for a whole supermarket ―visit‖! That feelsreally good.Part II Vocabulary (10 points)Directions:In this part there are ten sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning ofthe sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.11. Conditions for the growth of this plant are optimum in early summer.A. most acceptableB. most expressiveC. most favoriteD. most desirable12. She often says her greatest happiness consists in helping the disadvantaged children.A. is proportionateB. is composed ofC. lies inD. relies on13. Now and in the future, we will live as free people, not in fear and never at the mercy of anyforeign powers.A. for the sake ofB. at the cost ofC. in the interest ofD. under the control of14. Public acceptance of rabbit as an economical source of protein depends on how aggressivelyproducers market it.A. vigorouslyB. rigorouslyC. efficientlyD. effectively15. Many New England communities do not permit the construction of a ―modernist‖ building,lest it alter their overall architectural integrity.A. in order thatB. for fear thatC. in case thatD. in spite that16. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to bereality.A. impressionB. imaginationC. expressionD. presentation17. Television commercials have been under constant scrutiny for the last few years.A. reflectionB. examinationC. attackD. pressure18. The mayor has spent a handsome amount of time in his last term working to bring down thetax rate.A. plentyB. sufficientC. moderateD. considerable19. His poor performance may be attributed to the lack of motivation.A. focused onB. caused byC. viewed asD. taken for20. The new cut in interest rate is meant to promote domestic investmentA. obtainB. encourageC. publicizeD. advertisePart ⅢReading Comprehension (25 points)Section ADirections:In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and markyour answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneLast week, I read a story about a 34-year-old British woman who is extremely afraid of metalforks. She‘s been using plastic ones for 17 years because the sound of a fork rubbing against a plate gives her a panic attack.Strange, right? But she‘s not alone. While popular phobias （恐惧症）about snakes and spiders might get all of the attention, there are a wide variety of not-so-obvious horrors that make people nervous.While some phobias might seem a bit silly, they can cause serious emotional distress. She won‘t walk in certain parts of the city and runs screaming from the subway when one of these ―rats with wings‖ finds its way onto the platform. Another friend is disgusted with cheese. Once I saw her run away from a slice of it. So where does an irrational fear of cheese come from?Are phobias something we inherit from our genes or do we acquire these unusual anxieties over time?Ever since I can remember I have been unreasonably frightened of elevators. There was no terrible childhood experience and I am fine with confined spaces, but something about elevators makes me nervous. And so ,when my boyfriend and I found ourselves trapped in an elevator last year-because these sorts of things always happen eventually –I was anticipating the worst.While he gave me a suggestive eyebrow raise and proposed we ―take advantage of the situation,‖I began screaming uncontrollably. I was far from turned on by the whole facing my worst nightmare thing.However, after the fear subsided (消退) I realized that, yes, this was my greatest fear come true, and yet-it wasn‘t all that bad. Nervous and inconvenient maybe, but terrifying ? Not so much.Liberating yourself from a deep-seated phobia can be a long and difficult process, but sometimes it can be as simple as confronting it head on.21. The 34-year-old British woman is extremely afraid of metal forks because .A. she couldn‘t bear their sound on plateB. she is afraid that they may hurt herC. she has never used them beforeD. she has been injured by them before22. The phrase ―rats with wings‖ (Para.3) refers to .A. devilsB. exotic ratsC. pigeonsD. strange birds23. The author‘s fear of elevators is the result of .A. her dislike of being in closed spacesB. her terrible experienceC. her phobia for no reasonD. her nervousness of being alone24. After the fear subsided the author realized that .A. an elevator ride could be excitingB. it was not as horrible as she had thoughtC. her boyfriend‘s help was importantD. she could have had a good time with her boyfriend25. The purpose for the author to share her experience is to .A. introduce what strange fears people haveB. explain why people have strange fearsC. illustrate conquering a fear can be difficultD. encourage people to overcome their fearsPassage TwoThe American public‘s obsession with dieting has led to one of the most dangerous health misconceptions of all times. Many television ads, movies, magazine articles, and diet-food product labels would have consumers believe that carbohydrate(碳水化合物) are bad for the human body and that those who eat them will quickly become overweight. We are advised to avoid foods such as potatoes, rice and white bread and opt for meats and vegetables instead. Some companies promote this idea to encourage consumers to buy their ―carb-free‖ food products. But the truth is, the human body needs carbohydrates to function properly, and a body that relies on carbohydrates but is exhausted of this dietary element is not in good shape after all.Most foods that we consume on a daily basis like potatoes and rice are loaded with carbohydrates. Contrary to popular belief, carbohydrates have many health benefits; some fight diseases such as high blood pressure and heart disease, and others help to prevent cancer and stroke. Cutting these foods out of your diet may deprive your body of the many health benefits of carbohydrates.One of the best benefits of carbohydrates is their ability to help to maintain the health of our organs, tissues, and cells. Scientific studies have shown that one type of carbohydrate called fiber reduces the risk of heart disease. Carbohydrates also contain antioxidants(抗氧化剂), which protect the body‘s cells from harmful particles with the potential to cause cancer.This does not mean that the human body can survive on a diet composed entirely of carbohydrates. We also need certain percentages of proteins and fats to maintain healthy bodies. But carbohydrates certainly should not be avoided altogether. In fact, the food pyramid, the recommended basis of a healthy diet, shows that a person should consume six to eleven servings of breads and grains, as well as three to four servings each of fruits and vegetables—all carbohydrate-containing foods. It is easy to see why cutting carbohydrates out of a person‘s diet is not a good idea.The only way to know what is truly healthy for your own body is to talk to a nutritionist or dietician, who can help you choose foods that are right for you as well as guide you toward a proper exercise program for weight loss, or muscle gain. These professionals will never tell you to cut out carbohydrates entirely! The bottom line listen to the experts, not the advertisers!26. As is used in Paragraph 1, the word ―exhausted‖ most possibly means__________.A. startledB. starvingC. derivedD. deprived27. According to the author, advertisers who sell ―carb-free‖ products___________.A. value consumers‘ well-beingB. are not telling the truthC. offer healthy optionsD. are responsible for obesity28. Which of the following is NOT one of the health benefits of carbohydrates?A. prevention of strokeB. prevention of cancerC. prevention of fiber reductionD. prevention of heart disease29. It can be inferred from the passage that a healthy diet _____________.A. is low in carbohydrates and high in proteins and fatsB. contains equal amounts of carbohydrates and proteinsC. needs enough proteins but no fat for us to maintain energyD. is balanced between carbohydrates, and proteins and fats30. The main purpose of the passage is to ______________.A. describe the variety carbohydratesB. explain how to live a healthy lifeC. promote more physical exerciseD. advocate a healthy dietPassage ThreeOf all the lessons taught by the financial crisis, the most personal has been that Americans aren‘t so good at money-management. We take out home loans we can‘t afford. We run up sky-high credit-card debt. We don‘t save nearly enough for retirement.In response, supporters of financial-literacy education are moving with renewed enthusiasm. School districts in states such as New Jersey and Illinois are adding money-management courses to their curriculums. The Treasury and Education departments are sending lesson plans to high schools and encouraging students to compete in the National Financial Capability Challenge that begins in March.Students with top scores on that exam will receive certificates-but chances for long-term benefits are slim. As it turns out, there is little evidence that traditional efforts to boost financial know-how help students make better decisions outside the classroom. Even as thefinancial-literacy movement has gained steam over the past decade, scores have been falling on tests that measure how well students learn about things such as budgeting, credit cards, insurance and investments. A recent survey of college students conducted for the Jump Start Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy found that students who‘d had a personal-finance or money-management course in high school scored no better than those who hadn‘t.―We need to figure out how to do this the right way,‖ says Lewis Mandell, a professor at the University of Washington who after 15 years of studying financial-literacy programs has come to the conclusion that current methods don‘t work. A growing number of researchers and educators agree that a more radical approach is needed. They advocate starting financial education a lot earlier than high school, putting real money and spending decisions into kids‘ hands and talking openly about the emotions and social influences tied to how we spend.Other initiatives are tackling such real-world issues as the commercial and social pressures that affect purchasing decisions. Why exactly do you want those expensive brand-name shoes so badly? ―It takes confidence to take a stand and to think differently,‘ says Jeroo Billimoria, founder of Aflatoun, a nonprofit whose curriculum, used in more than 30 countries, aims to help kids get a leg up in their financial lives. ―This goes beyond money and savings.‖31. The financial-literacy education is intended to_______.A. renew Americans‘ enthusiasm about money-managementB. increase Americans‘ awareness of the financial crisisC. help Americans to overcome the financial crisisD. enable Americans to manage money wisely32. According to the author, the National Financial Capability Challenge will be_______.A. ineffectiveB. rewardingC. costlyD. well-received33. By saying that ―the financial-literacy movement has gained steam‖(Para.3),the author meansthat the movement_______.A. has received much criticismB. has been regarded as imaginativeC. has been more and more popularD. has gone through financial difficulties34. Lewis Mandell suggests that we should figure out how to______.A. manage money in a more efficient wayB. carry out financial-literacy education properlyC. improve the social awareness of financial educationD. help students score better in money-management courses35. Jeroo Billimoria is most likely to agree that commercial and social pressures make one‘spurchasing decisions_______.A. acceptableB. difficultC. feasibleD. unwisePassage FourCheating is nothing new. But today, educators and administrators are finding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent—and are less likely to be punished—than in the past. Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike.Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows. Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today‘s youth. Others have attributed increase cheating to the fact that today‘s youth are far more pragmatic (实用主义的)than their more idealistic predecessors. Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies, students were filled with visions about changing the world, today‘s students feel great pressure to conform and succeed. In interviews with students at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had become easy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty. ―People are competitive,‖said a second-year college student named Anna, from Chicago. There‘s an underlying fear. If you don‘t do well, your life is going to be ruined. The pressure is not only from parents and friends but from oneself. To achieve. To succeed. It‘s almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals.Edward Wynne, a magazine editor, blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action. Dwight Huber, chairman of the English department at Amarillo, sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated. ―I would cheat if I felt I was being cheated,‖Mr. Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers give short-answer tests rather than by how well they can put information together, students will try to beat the system. ―The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong with the individuals who are doing it,‖ he said. ―That‘s too easy an answer. We‘ve got to start looking at the system.‖36. Educators are finding that students who cheat __________.A. have poor academic recordsB. are more likely to be punished than beforeC. tend to be dishonest in later yearsD. are not only those academically weak37. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Students do not cheat on essay tests.B. Students‘ cheating has deep social roots.C. Punishment is an effective method to stop cheating.D. Reform in the testing system will eliminate cheating.38. Which of the following points of view would Mr. Huber agree with?A. Parents must take responsibility for the rise in cheating.B. Punishment for cheaters should be severe in this country.C. Students who cheat should be expelled from school.D. Cheating would be reduced through an educational reform.39. The expression ―the individual‖ (the last paragraph) refers to _________.A. teachersB. parentsC. students who cheatD. school administrators40. The passage mainly discusses________.A. people‘s tolerance of students‘ cheatingB. the decline of moral standards of today‘s youthC. factors leading to academic dishonestyD. ways to eliminate academic dishonestySection BDirections:In this section, you are required to read several excerpts from newspapers and / or magazines. These excerpts are followed by five questions or unfinished statements,,each with four suggested answers A , B , C and D . Choose the best answer and markyour answer on the ANSWER SHEET.One of the central principles of raising kids in America is that parents should be actively involved in their children‘s education: meeting with teachers, volunteering at school, helping with homework, and doing a hundred other things that few working parents have time for. These obligations are so baked into American values that few parents stop to ask whether they‘re worth the effort.Until this January, few researchers did, either. In the largest-ever study of how parental involvement affects academic achievement, Keith Robinson and Angel L. Harris, two sociology professors at Duke, found that mostly it doesn‘t. The researchers combed through nearly three decades‘worth of surveys of American parents and tracked 63 different measures of parental participation in kids‘academic lives, from helping them with homework, to talking with them about college plans. In an attempt to show whether the kids of more-involved parents improved over time, the researchers indexed these measures to children‘s academic performance, including test scores in reading and math.What they found surprised them. Most measurable forms of parental involvement seem toyield few academic dividends for kids, or even to backfire （适得其反）—regardless of a parent‘s race, class, or level of education.Do you review your daughter‘s homework every night? Robinson and Harris‘s data show that this won‘t help her score higher on standardized tests. Once kids enter middle school, parental help with homework can actually bring test scores down, an effect Robinson says could be caused by the fact that many parents may have forgotten, or never truly understood, the material their children learn in school.While Robinson and Harris largely disproved that assumption, they did find a handful of habits that make a difference, such as reading aloud to young kids (fewer than half of whom are read to daily) and talking with teenagers about college plans. But these interventions don‘t take place at school or in the presence of teachers, where policy makers have the most influence —they take place at home.Comment 1Basically the choice is whether one wants to let kids to be kids. Persistent parental involvement and constantly communicating to the kids on what the parents want consciously or unconsciously would help the kids grow up or think like the parents sooner than otherwise.Comment 2It also depends on the kid. Emotional and social maturity have a lot to do with success in college and in life. Some kids may have the brains and are bored by high school, but that doesn‘t mean they are ready for college or the work place.Comment 3The article doesn‘t clearly define ―helping‖, but I understood it as actually assisting children in the exercises (e.g. helping them to solve a math problem) and/or reviewing their work for accuracy rather than simply making sure they‘ve completed their work. I think the latter is more helpful than the former. I would also certainly hope that no study would discourage parents from monitoring their children‘s performance!41. The word ―they‖ (Para. 1) refers to ______.A. principlesB. studiesC. obligationsD. values42. What is the main conclusion of the Robinson and Harris study?A. Parental involvement may not necessarily benefit children.B. The kids of more-involved parents improve over time.C. Schools should communicate with parents regularly.D. Parental involvement works better with low-achievers.43. Comment 1 suggests that ______.A. kids should be kids after allB. parents should leave their children aloneC. persistent parental involvement is a mustD. parent may influence children‘s thinking44. The write of Comment 2 would probably agree that _______.A. getting ready for college is an emotional processB. high intelligence does not guarantee successC. high school is often boring in the U.S.D. social maturity is sufficient to achieve success in life45. Which of the following parental helps will the writer of Comment 3 consider proper?A. Monitoring kids‘ class performance.B. Reviewing kids‘ homework for accuracy.C. Making sure kids have finished their work.D. Assisting kids in their exercises.Part ⅣCloze (10 points)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark your answeron the ANSWER SHEET.Ironically, a student finds that we‘re awful gift-givers precisely because we spend too much time trying to be considerate. We imagine our friends 46 a gift that is impressive, expensive, and sentimental. We imagine the look of happiness and surprise on their faces and the warmth we feel 47 . But there‘s something that the most sentimental gift-givers tend not to think too much about: 48 the gift is practical in the first place.49 , practicality seems like an enemy of great gift giving. Beautiful jewelry, lovely watches, perfect rugs, finely crafted kitchen hardware: These things 50 great gifts because they communicate something beyond practicality. They communicate that the giver cares, But do the receivers care? Often, no. ―Gift receivers would be 51 if givers gave them exactly what they requested 52 attempting to be ‗thoughtful and considerate‘ by buying gifts they did not explicitly request‖to surprise them, the researchers write. Their clever paper asks givers and receivers to 53 gifts from two perspectives: desirability (e.g. the cost of a coffee maker) and feasibility (e.g. the 54 of the coffee maker). Across several experiments, they find that givers consistently give gifts based on desirability and receivers 55 favor gifts based on feasibility.46. A. opened B. have opened C. opening D. to open47. A. in return B. in place C. in turn D. in person48. A. How B. Why C. When D. Whether49. A. In many cases B. In many ways C. To sum up D. To be sure50. A. take up B. make for C. lead to D. work out51. A. surprised B. happy C. more surprised D. happier52. A. but for B. as to C. rather than D. regardless of53. A. measure B. select C. classify D. decide54. A. ease B. cost C. quality D. look55. A. continuously B. nevertheless C. whereas D. unexpectedlyPart Ⅴ Text Completion (20 points)Directions: In this part there are three short texts. For each text, you should first fill in the blankin the choices A, B, C ，and D with the best answer provided in the rectangle. Then,complete the text itself by filling in each of the blanks with the completed A, B, C (orD). Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Text OnePhrases ：A. and understandably 56B. that the companies that 57 want moneyC. that could be spent 58Children are a special target of advertisers, 59 . Young people are shopping andspending more than ever before. Researchers suggest that children who are highly involved in consumer culture are more prone to childhood depression and anxiety and have worse relationships with their parents. They said: ―You cannot totally protect your kids from advertising because it is everywhere. So you can explain to your kids that advertisers have an agenda and 60 . They don ‘t have our best interests in mind‖.They also suggest that family should watch very little television. You can fill the time61 with other activities, such as reading and playing games together.Text TwoPhrases ：A. 62 the wages of average familiesB. 63 the reach of most AmericansC. 64 young people to collegeA research group in California has released a ―national report card on highereducation.‖ The report says the price of college has increased more than four hundredA. soB. watching TVC. hire thempercent since 1982. Costs have climbed much faster than other prices—65 . The group warns that a continuation of these trends would put higher education 66 . And it would mean greater debt for those who do go to college. The report also expressed concern that the United States is losing its leadership in 67 .Text ThreePhrases：A. from 68 its feathersB. would be difficult to 69C. it 70 couldD. enabling the bird to 71The emperor penguin traps air in its feathers. Not only does this insulate the bird against extreme cold but it also enables it to move two or three times faster than 72 . How? Marine biologists have suggested that it does so by releasing tiny air bubbles 73 . As these bubbles are released, they reduce friction on the surface of the penguin‘s wings,74 .Interestingly, engineers have been studying ways to make ships go faster by using bubbles to reduce friction against their hulls(船身). However, researchers acknowledge that further investigation is challenging because ― the complexity of penguin‘s wings 75 .‖。
2014年同等学力申硕英语考试真题及答案
2014年同等学力申硕英语考试真题及答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12014 National Grade Special Examination for Postgraduates (English) Questions and AnswersSection I: Vocabulary and GrammarPart A: Vocabulary and Structure1. After the new railway line _________, the small village________ by tourists.A. has been open; has been visitedB. will be open; will be visitedC. is open; is visitedD. was open; has visited2. “I must apologize for my mistake,” said the manager. “It ______ not happen again.”A. willB. shouldD. would3. We knew so little about the causes of cancer that for many years treatment was mainly _______ at relieving the pain and suffering of patients.A. aimedB. attemptedC. directedD. intended4. The cardinal rule of camping in the wilderness is to leave no trace ________ you have been there.A. so thatB. now thatC. thanD. that5. The firemen were ______ about how the fire started, and were investigating the matter.A. arbitraryC. puzzledD. sensitivePart B: Sentence Completion6. The sample submitted to the lab was so ______ that it was difficult to measure accurately.7. After ________ in the storm for several hours, the rescue team finally found the missing hikers.8. Instead of being ________ about the future, we should focus on the present and make the most of our opportunities.Answer Key:1. C2. D3. A4. D5. C6. concentrated7. battling8. apprehensiveSection II: Reading ComprehensionPassage 1According to the passage, what are some potential benefits of artificial intelligence?A. Increased efficiency in the workplaceB. Improved decision-making processesC. Enhanced healthcare servicesD. All of the abovePassage 2What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of combating climate changeB. The role of renewable energy sources in reducing pollutionC. The potential benefits of transitioning to a low-carbon economyD. The challenges of implementing sustainable energy solutionsPassage 3Which of the following statements about the importance of sleep is supported by the passage?A. Regular sleep patterns can improve memory and cognitive functionB. Lack of sleep can contribute to a higher risk of chronic health conditionsC. The body undergoes important processes during sleep that aid in overall well-beingD. All of the aboveAnswer Key:Passage 1: DPassage 2: CPassage 3: DOverall, the 2014 National Grade Special Examination for Postgraduates tested a range of vocabulary, grammar, and reading comprehension skills. Candidates were required to demonstrate their understanding and ability to analyze various topics in English.篇22014年同等学力申硕英语考试真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishRead the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)It is common belief that money can’t buy happiness. However, some psychologists and economists believe that there is a strong 1 between money and happiness. They argue that happiness is related to income, but the 2 is not very strong. According to them, a person’s well-being increases with income up to a certain point, but the benefits of having more money level off afterwards.Do higher incomes result in greater happiness? In 3 with most previous studies, a research 4 by economists Daniel Kahneman and Angus Deaton in 2010 found that money does have an effect on people’s emotional well-being, but the effect 5 off at a relatively low level of income. They found that after an annual income of $75,000, people did not report greater levels of happiness. Nevertheless, the same study showed that higher incomes do continue to improve people’s life satisfaction.So what conclusions can be drawn from this study? It seems that happiness and life satisfaction are two different 6 . While a higher income may not lead to greater happiness per se, it can result in a greater sense of life satisfaction. In other words, people with higher incomes are more satisfied with their lives, even if they are not necessarily happier on a day-to-day basis.In conclusion, while money may not be able to buy happiness, it can certainly contribute to a greater sense of life satisfaction. It is important to 7 that money is not the only factor that influences happiness and well-being. Factors such as health, relationships, and personal fulfillment are also important determinants of a person’s overall sense of happiness.1. A. contrast B. connection C. confusion D. relationship2. A. correlation B. contradiction C. difference D. interaction3. A. regard B. contrast C. relation D. line4. A. conducted B. developed C. devised D. carried5. A. levels B. fades C. compounds D. sets6. A. concepts B. theories C. ideas D. themes7. A. remind B. recall C. remember D. mentionAnswer:1. D2. A3. B4. A5. B6. A7. CSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: For each of the following passages, there are several questions and each question has 4 choices. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. (20 points)Passage 1Have you ever found yourself addicted to your smartphone? With the convenience of modern technology, it is easy to become reliant on our phones for a variety of tasks such as communication, navigation, and entertainment. However, this reliance can quickly turn into an addiction if not managed properly.One common sign of smartphone addiction is the constant need to check one’s phone for updates, messages, or notifications. This behavior can be disruptive in social situations and may impact one’s ability to focus on tasks. Additionally, excessive phone usage has been linked to problems such as poor sleep quality, lower attention span, and decreased social interactions.To combat smartphone addiction, it is important to set boundaries and limits on phone usage. This may include turning off notifications, scheduling regular breaks from phone use, or even implementing a “digital detox” where one abstains from using their phone for a period of time. By taking steps to reduce phone usage and prioritize face-to-face interactions, individuals can break free from the cycle of smartphone addiction.1. According to the passage, what is a common sign of smartphone addiction?A. Relying on smartphones for communicationB. Checking one’s phone constantly for updatesC. Using smartphones for navigation and entertainmentD. Managing phone usage properly2. How can smartphone addiction impact individuals?A. Increase in attention spanB. Enhancement of social interactionsC. Improvement in sleep qualityD. Decrease in focus on tasks3. What is a suggested method for combating smartphone addiction?A. Increasing phone usageB. Turning off notificationsC. Using smartphones in social situationsD. Prioritizing phone use over face-to-face interactionsAnswer:1. B2. D3. BPassage 2The rise of social media platforms has revolutionized the way people connect and interact with each other. From Facebook to Twitter to Instagram, these platforms offer a convenient way to stay connected with friends and family, share updates and photos, and engage with a wider audience.However, the use of social media has raised concerns about its impact on mental health. Studies have shown that excessive use of social media can lead to feelings of anxiety, depression, and loneliness. This can be attributed to factors such as the constant comparison to others’ lives, the pressure to maintainan online persona, and the fear of missing out on social events and activities.Despite these negative effects, social media can also have positive impacts on mental health. For some individuals, social media serves as a support system, allowing them to connect with like-minded individuals and seek help and advice. Additionally, social media can offer a sense of community and belonging, especially for those who may feel isolated or marginalized in their offline lives.In conclusion, while social media can have both positive and negative effects on mental health, it is important for individuals to be aware of their usage and its impact on their well-being. By practicing mindfulness and setting boundaries on social media use, individuals can maximize the benefits of social media while minimizing its negative effects.4. What impact has social media had on the way people connect and interact with each other?A. Decrease in social connectionsB. Rise in face-to-face interactionsC. Revolutionization of communicationD. Disconnection from friends and family5. What negative effects of social media are mentioned in the passage?A. Feelings of anxiety and depressionB. Increase in social connectionsC. Upliftment of mental healthD. Support system for individuals6. How can individuals maximize the benefits of social media?A. Engaging in constant comparison to othersB. Practicing mindfulness and setting boundariesC. Maintaining an online personaD. Feeling isolated in offline livesAnswer:4. C5. A6. BPart BDirections: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage. (10 points)The Benefits of GardeningGardening is a popular activity that offers a wide range of benefits for individuals of all ages. From providing fresh produce to promoting physical activity and reducing stress, gardening can have a positive impact on one’s overall well-being.One of the main benefits of gardening is the opportunity to grow one’s own fruits and vegetables. By planting and tending to a garden, individuals can enjoy the satisfaction of harvesting their own produce and incorporating it into their meals. This not only promotes a healthy diet but also encourages a deeper appreciation for the food we eat.In addition to the physical benefits, gardening is also known to have mental health benefits. The act of gardening can be a relaxing and therapeutic activity that helps reduce stress and anxiety. Spending time outdoors in nature and working with plants can have a calming effect on the mind and promote a sense of peace and well-being.Moreover, gardening can also promote physical activity and overall fitness. Tasks such as planting, weeding, and watering require physical exertion and movement, which can help individuals stay active and maintain their health. Gardening is alow-impact form of exercise that can be enjoyed by individuals of all fitness levels.Overall, gardening is a beneficial and rewarding hobby that can improve one’s physical health, men tal well-being, and overall quality of life. Whether gardening in a small backyard or a community garden, individuals can experience the joys and benefits of cultivating their own plants and reap the rewards of a greener and healthier lifestyle.7. What is one of the main benefits of gardening mentioned in the passage?8. How can gardening benefit one’s mental health?9. What physical benefits does gardening provide?Answer:7. The opportunity to grow one’s own fruits and vegetables.8. Gardening can be a relaxing and therapeutic activity that helps reduce stress and anxiety.9. Gardening can promote physical activity and overall fitness by requiring physical exertion and movement.篇32014 Postgraduate English Test Questions and Answers for Equivalent CandidatesPart I Reading Comprehension (30%)Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1:There is a Bengali proverb which says that even a book-stall attracts a crowd. Newspapers are the first draft of history. When you receive a letter or a message do you not read it immediately? This illustrates the enormous power of the printed word. Books are the only true medium of communication of thought in the world. When you feel lonely your book will become your friend and comfort you.1. According to the Bengali proverb mentioned in the passage, ______.A. a book-stall attracts a crowd because people are curiousB. people like to read standing upC. everyone likes to gather at a book-stallD. books exert a strong attraction on people2. According to the passage, _______ are the only true medium of communication of thought in the world.A. radio and televisionB. letters and messagesC. newspapers and magazinesD. books3. According to the passage, described above, ______.A. a book-stall is preferable to a newspaperB. newspapers are of little valueC. the printed word is powerfulD. books are never boringPassage 2:‘Mental illness’ refers to a wide assortment of m ental health conditions—disorders that affect your mood, thinking, and behavior. Examples of mental illness include depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, eating disorders, and addictivebehaviors. Many people have mental health concerns from time to time. But a mental health concern becomes a mental illness when signs and symptoms cause frequent stress and affect your ability to function.4. According to the passage, mental illness refers to ______.A. common mental health concernsB. disorders that do not affect behaviorC. a wide variety of mental health conditionsD. mood and behavior problems only5. In the passage, mental health concerns become mental illnesses when ______.A. they cause frequent stress and affect functionB. they are not treated properlyC. they have not yet been studiedD. they only relate to mood problems6. The passage suggests that _______.A. mental health concerns are not seriousB. addictive behaviors are not considered mental illnessesC. everyone experiences mental health concerns at some pointD. depression is not a mental illnessPassage 3:The most enjoyable museums in the world are hands-on, interactive, and engaging. You don't just look at the exhibits, you also touch, feel, and sometimes, even taste them. Naturally, these museums are especially popular with children.7. According to the passage, the most enjoyable museums in the world ______.A. are hands-on and interactiveB. focus on looking at exhibitsC. are not popular with childrenD. are located all over the place8. The passage suggests that the museums described ______.A. are only for adultsB. are not interactiveC. do not allow you to touch exhibitsD. engage all of your senses9. Children are especially drawn to these museums because they ______.A. are boring and uninterestingB. are not hands-on or interactiveC. only focus on looking at exhibitsD. allow them to touch, feel, and taste exhibitsPart II Vocabulary (10%)Directions: There are 20 sentences in this section. Each sentence has 4 underlined words or phrases. Choose the one that is closest in meaning to the underlined part.10. The research firm is known for its innovative approach to problem-solving.A. traditionalB. freshC. expensiveD. frustrating11. The company was fined for violating environmental regulations.A. followingB. ignoringC. supportingD. reforming12. His persistent efforts paid off in the end.A. regularB. continuedC. suddenD. spontaneous13. The police arrested the suspect on suspicion of robbery.A. accusationB. doubtC. involvementD. escape14. The ambassador conducted negotiations with the foreign delegation.B. ledC. mediatedD. canceled15. The new law will be implemented next week.A. enforcedB. proposedC. postponedD. revised16. She is always bragging about her accomplishments.A. humbleB. exaggeratingC. boastingD. hiding17. His excessive drinking has been causing concern among his friends.A. moderateC. regularD. extreme18. The city skyline is dominated by tall skyscrapers.A. surroundedB. characterizedC. overwhelmedD. influenced19. The dress designer uses a variety of fabrics in her creations.A. designsB. patternsC. materialsD. colors20. The new plan will have a significant impact on the environment.A. positiveB. negativeD. minor21. It's important to maintain a healthy work-life balance.A. improveB. achieveC. keepD. lose22. Her contagious laughter brightened up the room.A. hilariousB. infectiousC. suddenD. fake23. The company is facing fierce competition from its rivals.A. friendlyB. intenseC. casualD. distant24. The ancient ruins contain a treasure trove of historical artifacts.A. wealthB. assortmentC. collectionD. discovery25. His fiery speech ignited a revolution in the country.A. passionateB. hatefulC. calmD. aggressive26. The artist's abstract paintings are open to interpretation.A. criticismB. understandingC. explanationD. judgment27. They are discussing the logistics of organizing the event.A. detailsB. expensesC. challengesD. possibilities28. The company decided to diversify its product range.A. decreaseB. expandC. modifyD. limit29. The professor's lectures are always enlightening and informative.A. boringB. inspiringC. confusingD. educational30. The new software is compatible with most operating systems.A. includedB. connectedC. suitableD. popularPart III Cloze Test (15%)Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.There are many ways to__(31)__ stress, but one strategy is to “embrace the stress.” Instead of running from it, __(32)__ [A] it motivates you. The __(33)__ [B] answer is that stress can help you do better, but it all depends __(34)__ [C] your attitude. If you_(35)_ [D] that stress is bad, it will only make you feel worse. A __(36)__ [A] study by scientists shows that people who were told “stress is good for you” __(37)__ [B] better on tests compared to those who weren’t given the __(38)__ [C] message. They found that stress could help you in situations where you __(39)___ [D] quick thinking. This is because you r body’s stress response can be used to __(40)__ [A] you perform at your peak. If you’re in a __(41)__ [B] situation, rather than letting the stress overwhelm you, __(42)__ [C] embracing it will help you cope.__(43)__ [D] prove that the stress hormone cortisol can be helpful if you believe that it is. __(44)__ [A] study from the University of Buffalo, New York, found that __(45)__ [B] who viewed stress as debilitating had __(46)__ [C] health risks, while those who __(47)__ [D] it as a natural response showed better health outcomes.31. A. release32. A. if33. A. right34. A. in35. A. admit36. A. recent37. A. did38. A. same39. A. need40. A. let41. A. danger42. A. owning43. A. The44. A. Another45. A. crew46. A. higher47. A. definePart IV Error Detection (10%)Directions: Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts. Select the part that is incorrect.48. A new research has (A) shown that people (B) who take regular (C) naps tend to be (D) more creative.49. After presenting the (A) project, the company's (B) sales team felt contented (C) with their effort (D).50. The cooperation between the two (A) companies have resulted (B) in a successful (C) marketing campaign (D).51. The professor emphasized (A) the importance of (B) regular attendance (C) in order to pass (D) the course.52. She is an experienced (A) and dedicated (B) employee, who is (C) always willing to (D) help her colleagues.Part V Writing (35%)Write an essay of about 500 words on the topic: "The Importance of Education in Modern Society."Answers:1. D2. D3. C4. C5. A6. C7. A8. D9. D10. B11. A12. B13. A14. B15. A16. C17. D18. B19. C20. C21. C22. B23. B24. C25. A26. C27. A28. B29. D30. C31. A33. A34. C35. A36. A37. B38. C39. D40. A41. A42. C43. D44. A45. B46. C47. D48. A50. B51. D52. DThe Importance of Education in Modern SocietyEducation plays a crucial role in modern society, shaping individuals' lives and influencing the development of nations. It is the key to unlocking opportunities, broadening perspectives, and empowering individuals to make informed decisions. In today's rapidly changing world, the importance of education cannot be overstated.Firstly, education provides individuals with the necessary knowledge and skills to succeed in various aspects of life. From acquiring basic literacy and numeracy skills to advanced specialized knowledge, education equips individuals with the tools they need to navigate the complexities of the modern world. It enables people to think critically, solve problems, and adapt to new challenges, making them valuable contributors to society.Additionally, education fosters personal growth and development, allowing individuals to discover their interests,passions, and potential. Through exposure to diverse perspectives and experiences, education encourages lifelong learning and self-improvement. It promotes creativity, innovation, and intellectual curiosity, enriching individuals' lives and enhancing their personal fulfillment.Furthermore, education is essential for promoting social cohesion, equality, and economic prosperity. By providing individuals with equal access to quality education, societies can achieve greater social mobility, reduce inequality, and promote social justice. Education empowers individuals from all backgrounds to fulfill their aspirations, contribute to their communities, and participate meaningfully in society.In conclusion, education is a fundamental human right and a cornerstone of progress in modern society. By investing in education, individuals, communities, and nations can unlock untapped potential, promote inclusive development, and build a brighter future for generations to come. The transformative power of education is undeniable, shaping the world we live in and creating opportunities for a better tomorrow.。
2014年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试
2014 年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试英语试卷一Part I Oral Communication (10 points)Section ADirections: In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A, B and C, taken from the dialogue. Fill ineach of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue andmark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Dialogue OneA．It’s the other man I’m talking aboutB．They had been in there for about 5 minutesC．I thought you said there were three menBurney: There were two men, I think. No, three. They ran into the bank and the one with the gun, the tall one, he runs up to the window, and starts shoutingsomething, I don’t know, “Give me all your money” and the other one –Police officer: 1 ?Burney: No, there were two men and a girl. 2 , the one carrying the suitcase, well, he goes up to the other guy –Police officer: The one with the gun?Burney: Yes, and he opens the suitcase and the cashier, well, she–well, all the other people behind the window – they hand over piles of money and the twomen put it into the suitcase and they run out. It was 1:35. 3 .Dialogue TwoA．They still make movies like thatB．I like a good storyC．People today don’t like thatSpeaker B: I agree with you, even though they’re in black and white.I think a good story is more important than color.Speaker A: And there was no violence in old movies.Speaker B: No, there wasn’t. 4 .Speaker A: They like lots of action.Speaker B: 5 .Speaker A: I like to see actors who are like real people.Speaker B: Like real people with real problems.Speaker A:6.2Speaker B: Yes, but they never make much money.Section BDirections: In this section there is one incomplete interview which has four blanks and four choices A, B, C and D, taken from the interview. Fill in each ofthe blanks with one of the choices to complete the interview and markyour answer on the Answer Sheet.A．I do a lot of my shopping on the net nowB．I do a lot of research on the Internet tooC．I document everythingD．Of course they mail their friends endlesslyInterviewer: Ms. Chen, can you tell us which pieces of technology are important to you?Interviewee: Three things: my Sharp laptop; my iphone 5; and my Olympus digital camera.7: the kids, art, buildings, clothes, scenes that catchmy eye as I walk past.Interviewer: What do you use your computer for?Interviewee: Well, I send emails all the time. But I do a lot of my design work on screen now and I can send my ideas straight to directors and producers.8 – there are some fantastic sites around now.Interviewer: Who uses the computer at home?Interviewee: The kids use the computer all the time at home. 9 – and on top of that they’re always texting on their mobile phones! They playcomputer games when they think I or their father aren’t looking! Theydon’t like doing homework, of course, but there are some really good revision sites on the Internet. 10 – 15 minutes for a whole supermarket “visit”! That feels really good.Part II Vocabulary (10 points)Directions: In this part there are ten sentences,each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and Dthat best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Mark your answer on theAnswer Sheet.11．His poor performance may be attributed to the lack of motivation.A．taken for B．viewed as C．caused by D．focused on12．The new cut in interest rate is meant to promote domestic investment.A．advertise B．publicize C．encourage D．obtain13．Conditions for the growth of this plant are optimum in early summer.A．most desirable B．most favoriteC．most expressive D．most acceptable14．She often says her greatest happiness consists in helping the disadvantaged children.A．relies on B．lies inC．is composed of D．is proportionate to15．Now and in the future, we will live as free people, not in fear and never at the mercy of any foreign powers.A．under the control of B．in the interest ofC．at the cost of D．for the sake of16．Public acceptance of rabbit as an economical source of protein depends on how aggressively producers market it.A．effectively B．efficiently C．rigorously D．vigorously17．Man y New England communities do not permit the construction of a “modernist”building, lest it alter their overall architectural integrity.A．in spite that B．in case that C．for fear that D．in order that 18．Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality.A．presentation B．expression C．imagination D．impression19．Television commercials have been under constant scrutiny for the last few years. A．pressure B．attack C．examination D．reflection20．The mayor has spent a handsome amount of time in his last term working to bring down the tax rate.A．considerable B．moderate C．sufficient D．plentyPart III Reading Comprehension (25 points)Directions: In this section,there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D.Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneCheating is nothing new. But today, educators and administrators are finding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent – and are less likely to be punished – than in the past. Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike.Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows. Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today’s youth. Others have attributed increased cheating to the fact that today’s youth are far more pragmatic （实用主义的）than their more idealistic predecessors. Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies, students were filled with visions about changing the world, today’s students feel great pressure to conform and succeed. In interviews with students at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had become easy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty. “People are competitive,” said a second-year colleg e student named Anna, from Chicago. There’s an underlying fear. If you don’t do well, your life is going to be ruined. The pressure is not only from parents and friends but from oneself. To achieve. To succeed. It’s almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals.Edward Wynne, a magazine editor, blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action. Dwight Huber, chairman of the English department at Amarillo, sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated. “I would cheat if I felt I was being cheated,” Mr. Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers give short-answer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can put information together, students will try to beat the system. “The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong with the individuals who are doing it,” he said. “That’s too easy an answer. We’ve got to start looking at the system.”21．Educators are finding that students who cheat ________.A．are more likely to be punished than beforeB．have poor academic recordsC．are not only those academically weakD．tend to be dishonest in later years22．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A．Students’ cheating has deep social roots.B．Students do not cheat on essay tests.C．Reform in the testing system will eliminate cheating.D．Punishment is an effective method to stop cheating.23．Which of the following points of view would Mr. Huber agree with?A．Punishment for cheaters should be severe in this country.B．Parents must take responsibility for the rise in cheating.C．Cheating would be reduced through an educational reform.D．Students who cheat should be expelled from school.24．The expression “the individuals” (the last paragraph) refers to ________.A．parentsB．teachersC．school administratorsD．students who cheat25．The passage mainly discusses ________.A．the decline of moral standards of today’syouth B．people’s tolerance of students’ cheatingC．ways to eliminate academic dishonestyD．factors leading to academic dishonestyPassage TwoOf all the lessons taught by the financial crisis, the most personal has been that Americans aren’t so good at money-management. We take out home loans we can’t afford. We run up sky-high credit-card debt. We don’t save nearly en ough for retirement.In response, supporters of financial-literacy education are moving with renewed enthusiasm. School districts in states such as New Jersey and Illinois are adding money-management courses to their curriculums. The Treasury and Education departments are sending lesson plans to high schools and encouraging students to compete in the National Financial Capability Challenge that begins in March.Students with top scores on that exam will receive certificates – but chances for long-term benefits are slim. As it turns out, there is little evidence that traditionalclassroom. Even as the financial-literacy movement has gained steam over the past decade, scores have been falling on tests that measure how well students learn about things such as budgeting, credit cards, insurance and investments. A recent survey of college students conducted for the JumpStart Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy found t hat students who’d had a personal-finance or money-management course in high school scored no better than those who hadn’t.“We need to figure out how to do this the right way,” says Lewis Mandell, a professor at the University of Washington who after 15 years of studying financial-literacy programs has come to the conclusion that current methods don’t work. A growing number of researchers and educators agree that a more radical approach is needed. They advocate starting financial education a lot earlier than high school, putting real money and spending decisions into kids’ hands and talking openly about the emotions and social influences tied to how we spend.Other initiatives are tackling such real-world issues as the commercial and social pressures that affect purchasing decisions. Why exactly do you want those expensive brand-name shoes so badly? “It takes confidence to take a stand and to think differently,” says Jeroo Billimoria, founder of Aflatoun, a nonprofit whose curriculum, used in more than 30 countries, aims to help kids get a leg up in their financial lives. “This goes beyond money and savings.”26．The financial-literacy education is intended to ________.A．increase Americans’ awareness of the financial crisisB．renew Americans’ enthusiasm ab out money-management C．enable Americans to manage money wiselyD．help Americans to overcome the financial crisis27．According to the author, the National Financial Capability Challenge will be ________.A．rewarding B．ineffectiveC．well-received D．costly28．By saying that “the financial-literacy movement has gained steam” (Para. 3), the author means that the movement ________.A．has been regarded as imaginativeB．has received much criticismC．has gone through financial difficultiesD．has been more and more popular29．Lewis Mandell suggests that we should figure out how to ________.A．carry out financial-literacy education properlyB．manage money in a more efficient wayC．help students score better in money-management coursesD．improve the social awareness of financial education30．Jeroo Billimoria is most likely to agree that commercial and social pressures make one’s purchasing decisions ________.A．difficult B．acceptableC．unwise D．feasiblePassage ThreeThe American public’s obsessio n with dieting has led to one of the most dangerous health misconceptions of all times. Many television ads, movies, magazine articles, and diet-food product labels would have consumers believe that carbohydrates（碳水化合物）are bad for the human body and that those who eat them will quickly become overweight. We are advised to avoid foods such as potatoes, rice and white bread and opt for meats and vegetables instead. Some companies promote this idea to encourage consumers to buy their “carb-free” food products. But the truth is, the human body needs carbohydrates to function properly, and a body that relies on carbohydrates but is exhausted of this dietary element is not in good shape after all.Most foods that we consume on a daily basis like potatoes and rice are loaded with carbohydrates. Contrary to popular belief, carbohydrates have many health benefits; some fight diseases such as high blood pressure and heart disease, and others help to prevent cancer and stroke. Cutting these foods out of your diet may deprive your body of the many health benefits of carbohydrates.One of the best benefits of carbohydrates is their ability to help to maintain the health of our organs, tissues, and cells. Scientific studies have shown that one type of carbohydrate called fiber reduces the risk of heart disease. Carbohydrates also contain antioxidants（抗氧化剂）, which protect the body’s cells from harmful particles with the potential to cause cancer.This does not mean that the human body can survive on a diet composed entirely of carbohydrates. We also need certain percentages of proteins and fats to maintain healthy bodies. But carbohydrates certainly should not be avoided altogether. In fact, the food pyramid, the recommended basis of a healthy diet, shows that a person should consume six to eleven servings of breads and grains, as well as three to four servings each of fruits and vegetables –all carbohydrate-containing foods. It is easy to see why cutting carbohydrates out of a person’s diet is not a good idea.The only way to know what is truly healthy for your own body is to talk to anutritionist or dietician, who can help you choose foods that are right for you as well as guide you toward a proper exercise program for weight loss, or muscle gain. These professionals will never tell you to cut out carbohydrates entirely! The bottom line: listen to the experts, not the advertisers!31．As is used in Paragraph 1, the word “exhausted” most possibly means.A．starving B．startledC．deprived D．derived32．Acco rding to the author, advertisers who sell “carb-free” products.A．are not telling the truth B．value consumers’ well-beingC．are responsible for obesity D．offer healthy options33．Which of the following is NOT one of the health benefits of carbohydrates?A．Prevention of cancer. B．Prevention of stroke.C．Prevention of heart disease. D．Prevention of fiber reduction.34．It can be inferred from the passage that a healthy diet .A．contains equal amounts of carbohydrates and proteinsB．is low in carbohydrates and high in proteins and fatsC．is balanced between carbohydrates, and proteins and fatsD．needs enough proteins but no fat for us to maintain energy35．The main purpose of the passage is to .A．explain how to live a healthy lifeB．describe the variety of carbohydratesC．advocate a healthy dietD．promote more physical exercisePassage FourLast week, I read a story about a 34-year-old British woman who is extremely afraid of metal for ks. She’s been using plastic ones for 17 years because the sound of a fork rubbing against a plate gives her a panic attack.Strange, right? But she’s not alone. While popular phobias（恐惧症）about snakes and spiders might get all of the attention, there are a wide variety of not-so-obvious horrors that make people nervous.While some phobias might seem a bit silly, they can cause serious emotional distress. My co-worker Magda is terrified of pigeons, a phobia that is taking over her life. She won’t walk in c ertain parts of the city and runs screaming from the subwaywhen one of these “rats with wings” finds its way onto the platform. Another friend is disgusted with cheese. Once I saw her run away from a slice of it. So where does an irrational fear of cheese come from?Are phobias something we inherit from our genes or do we acquire these unusual anxieties over time?Ever since I can remember I have been unreasonably frightened of elevators. There was no terrible childhood experience and I am fine with confined spaces, but something about elevators makes me nervous. And so, when my boyfriend and I found ourselves trapped in an elevator last year –because these sorts of things always happen eventually – I was anticipating the worst.While he gave me a suggestive eyebrow raise and proposed we “take advantage of the situation,” I began screaming uncontrollably. I was far from turned on by the whole facing my worst nightmare thing.However, after the fear subsided（消退）I realized that, yes, this was my greatest fear come true, and yet –it wasn’t all that bad. Nervous and inconvenient maybe, but terrifying? Not so much.Liberating yourself from a deep-seated phobia can be a long and difficult process, but sometimes it can be as simple as confronting it head on.36．The 34-year-old British woman is extremely afraid of metal forks because ________.A．she is afraid that they may hurt herB．she couldn’t bear their sound on plateC．she has been injured by them beforeD．she has never used them before37．The ph rase “rats with wings” (Para. 3) refers to ________.A．exotic rats B．devilsC．strange birds D．pigeons38．The author’s fear of elevators is the result of ________.A．her terrible experienceB．her dislike of being in closed spacesC．her nervousness of being aloneD．her phobia for no reason39．After the fear subsided, the author realized that ________.A．it was not as horrible as she had thoughtB．an elevator ride could be excitingC．she could have had a good time with her boyfriendD．her boy friend’s help was important40．The purpose for the author to share her experience is to ________.A．explain why people have strange fearsB．introduce what strange fears people haveC．encourage people to overcome their fearsD．illustrate conquering a fear can be difficultSection BDirections: In this section,you are required to read one quoted blog and the comments on it.The blog and comments are followed by questions orunfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D.Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.One of the central principles of raising kids in America is that parents should be actively involved in their children’s education: meeting with teachers, volunteering at school, helping with homework, and doing a hundred other things that few working parents have time for. These obligations are so baked into American values that few parents stop to ask whether they’re worth the effort.Until this January, few researchers did, either. In the largest-ever study of how parental involvement affects academic achievement, Keith Robinson and Angel L. Harris, two sociology professors at Duke, found that mostly it doesn’t. The researchers combed through nearly three decades’ worth of surveys of American pare nts and tracked 63 different measures of parental participation in kids’ academic lives, from helping them with homework, to talking with them about college plans. In an attempt to show whether the kids of more-involved parents improved over time, the rese archers indexed these measures to children’s academic performance, including test scores in reading and math.What they found surprised them. Most measurable forms of parental involvement seem to yield few academic dividends for kids, or even to backfire（适得其反）–regardless of a parent’s race, class, or level of education.Do you review your daughter’s homework every night? Robinson and Harris’s data show that this won’t help her score higher on standardized tests. Once kidsenter middle school, parental help with homework can actually bring test scores down, an effect Robinson says could be caused by the fact that many parents may have forgotten, or never truly understood, the material their children learn in school.While Robinson and Harris largely disproved that assumption, they did find a handful of habits that make a difference, such as reading aloud to young kids (fewer than half of whom are read to daily) and talking with teenagers about college plans. But these interventions don’t take place at school or in the presence of teachers, where policy makers have the most influence – they take place at home.Comment 1:Basically the choice is whether one wants to let kids to be kids. Persistent parental involvement and constantly communicating to the kids on what the parents want consciously or unconsciously would help the kids grow up or think like the parents sooner than otherwise.Comment 2：It also depends on the kid. Emotional and social maturity have a lot to do with success in college and in life. Some kids may have the brains and are bored by high school, but that doesn’t mean they are ready for college or the work place.Comment 3:The article doesn’t clearly define “helping,” but I understood it as actually assisting children in the exercises (e.g. helping them to solve a math problem) and/or reviewing their work for accuracy rather than simply making sure they’ve completed their work. I think the latter is more helpful than the former. I would also certainly hope that no study woul d discourage parents from monitoring their children’s performance!41．The word “they” (Para. 1) refers to ________.A．valuesB．obligationsC．studiesD．principles42．What is the main conclusion of the Robinson and Harris’s study?A．Parental involvement works better with low-achievers.B．Schools should communicate with parents regularly.C．The kids of more-involved parents improve over time.D．Parental involvement may not necessarily benefit children.43．Comment 1 suggests that ________.A．pa rents may influence children’s thinkingB．persistent parental involvement is a mustC．parents should leave their children aloneD．kids should be kids after all44．The writer of Comment 2 would probably agree that ________.A．social maturity is sufficient to achieve success in lifeB．high school is often boring in the U.S.C．high intelligence does not guarantee successD．getting ready for college is an emotional process45．Which of the following parental helps will the writer of Comment 3 consider proper?A．Assisting kids in their exercises. B．Makingsure kids have finished their work.C．Reviewing kids’ homework for accuracy.D．Monitoring kids’ class performance.Part IV Cloze (10 points)Directions: In this part,there is a passage with ten blanks.For each blank there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D.Choose the best answer for eachblank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Ironically, a study finds that we’re awful gift-givers precisely because we spend too much time trying to be considerate. We imagine our friends46 a gift that is impressive, expensive, and sentimental. We imagine the look of happiness and surprise on their faces and the warmth we feel 47 . But there’s something that the most sentimental gift-givers tend not to think too much about: 48 the gift is practical in the first place.49 , practicality seems like an enemy of great gift giving. Beautiful jewelry, lovely watches, perfect rugs, finely crafted kitchen hardware: Thesethings50 great gifts because they communicate something beyond practicality. They communicate that the giver cares.But do the receivers care? Often, no. “Gift receivers would be51 if givers gave them exactly what they requested 52 attempting to be ‘thoughtful and considerate’ by buying gifts they did not explicitly request” to surprise them, the researchers write. Their clever paper asks givers and receivers to 53gifts from two perspectives: desirability (e.g. the cost of a coffee maker) and feasibility (e.g. the54of the coffee maker). Across several experiments, they find that givers consistently give gifts based on desirability and receivers 55favor gifts based on feasibility.46．A．have opened B．opened C．to open D．opening 47．A．in place B．in return C．in person D．in turn 48．A．Why B．How C．Whether D．When 49．A．In many ways B．In many cases C．To be sure D．To sum up 50．A．make for B．take up C．work out D．lead to 51．A．happy B．surprised C．happier D．more surprised 52．A．as to B．but for C．regardless of D．rather than 53．A．select B．measure C．decide D．classify 54．A．cost B．ease C．look D．quality 55．A．nevertheless B．continuously C．unexpectedly D．whereasPart V Text Completion (20 points)Directions:In this part, there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions(Ranging from 56 to 75). Above each text there are three or four phrases to becompleted. First, use the choices provided in the box to complete thephrases. Second, use the completed phrases to fill in the blanks of thetext. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Text OneA．sendingB．as well asC．beyondPhrases:A．56 the reach of most AmericansB．57 young people to collegeC．58 the wages of average familiesA research group in California has released a “national report car d on higher education.” The report says the price of college has increased more than four hundred percent since 1982. Costs have climbed much faster than other prices –59. The group warns that a continuation of these trends would put higher education60 . And it would mean greater debt for those who do go to college. The report also expresses concern that the United States is losing its leadership in 61 .Text TwoA．watching TVB．hire themC．soPhrases:A．that the companies that 62 want moneyB．that could be spent 63C．and understandably 64Children are a special target of advertisers, 65 . Young people are shopping and spending more than ever before. Researchers suggest that children who are highly involved in consumer culture are more prone to childhood depression and anxiety and have worse relationships with their parents. They said: “You cannot totally protect your kids from advertising because it is everywhere. So you canexplain to your kids that advertisers have an agenda and 66 . They don’t have our best interests in mind.”They also suggest that family should watch very little television. You can fill the time 67 with other activities, such as reading and playing games together.Text ThreeA．betweenB．imitateC．accelerateD．otherwisePhrases:A．enabling the bird to 68B．it 69 couldC．would be difficult to 70D．from 71 its feathersThe emperor penguin traps air in its feathers. Not only does this insulate the bird against extreme cold but it also enables it to move two or three timesfaster than 72 . How? Marine biologists have suggested that it does so by releasing tiny air bubbles 73 . As these bubbles are released, they reduce friction on the surface of the penguin’s wings,74 .Interestingly, engineers have been studying ways to make ships go faster by using bubbles to reduce friction against their hulls（船身）. However, researchers acknowledge that further investigation is challenging because “the complexity of penguin’s wings75.”。
2014年同等学力英语一卷真题
1.本考试分试卷一和试卷二两部分。
试卷一满分75分，考试时间为100分钟，9:00开始，10:40结束:试卷二满分25分，考试时间为50分钟，10:40开始，11:30结束。
2.请考生务必将本人姓名和考号填写在本页方框内。
3.请将试卷一答案用2B铅笔填涂在试卷一答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。
4.在答题卡上正确的填涂方法为:在代表答案的字母上划线，如[A] [B][C][D]。
5.监考员宣布试卷一考试结束后，请停止答试卷一，将试卷一和试卷一答题卡反扣在自己的桌面上，继续做试卷二。
监考员将到座位上收取试卷一和试卷一答题卡。
6.监考员收卷过程中，考生须配合监考员验收，并请监考员在准考证上签字(作为考生交卷的凭据)，否则，若发生答卷遗失，责任由考生自负。
Paper One卷一(100minutes)Part I Oral Communication (10 points)Section ADirections: In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A,B and C, taken from the dialogue. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Dialogue OneA. I thought you said there were three menB. They had been in there for about 5 minutesC. It's the other man I'm talking aboutBurney: There were two men, I think. No, three. They ran into the bank and the one with the gun，the tall one, he runs up to the window, and starts shouting something, I don't know, "Give me all your money" and the other one -Police officer:_____1______?Burney: No, there were two men and a girl. _____2_____the one carrying the suitcase, well, he goes up to the other guy -Police officer: The one with the gun?Burney: Yes, and he opens the suitcase and the cashier, well, she - well, all the other people behind the window - they hand over piles of money and two men put it into the suitcase andthey run out. It was l:35.________3______Dialogue TwoA. People today don't like thatB. I like a good storyC. They still make movies like thatSpeaker A: I like watching old l movies and I think they are the best.Speaker B: I agree with you, even though they're in black and white. I think a good story is more important than color.Speaker A: And there was no violence in old movies.Speaker B: No, there wasn't._______4_______Speaker A: They like lots of action.Speaker B: _____5______Speaker A:I like to see actors who are like real people.Speaker B: Like real people with real problems.Speaker A:___6____Speaker B: Y es, but they never make much money.Section BDirections:In this section there is one incomplete interview which has four blanks and four choices A, B, C and D, taken from the interview. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the interview and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.A. I do a lot of research on the Internet tooB. I do a lot of my shopping on the net nowC. Of course they mail their friends endlesslyD. I document everythingInterviewer: Ms. Chen, can you tell us which pieces of technology are important to you? Interviewee: Three things: my Sharp laptop; myiphone5; and my Olympus digital camera.___7__: the kids, art, buildings, clothes, scenes that catch my eye as I walk past. Interviewer: What do you use your computer for?Interviewee: Well, I send emails all the time. But I do a lot of my design work on screen now and I can send my ideas straight to directors and producers. _____8______- there are somefantastic sites around now.Interviewer: Who uses the computer at home?Interviewee: The kids use the computer all the time at home._____9_____ - and on top of that they're always texting on their mobile phones! They play computer games when theythink I or their father aren't looking! They don't like doing homework, of course, butthere are some really good revision sites on the Internet. _____10_____- 15 minutesfor a whole super market "visit"! That feels really good.Part Ⅱ Vocabulary (10 points)Directions: In this part there are ten sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.11. Conditions for the growth of this plant are optimum in early summer.A. most acceptableB. most expressiveC. most favoriteD. most desirable12. She often says her greatest happiness consists in helping the disadvantaged children.A. is proportionate toB. is composed ofC. lies inD. relies on13. Now and in the future, we will live as free people, not in fear and never at the mercy of anyforeign powers.A. for the sake ofB. at the cost ofC. in the interest ofD. under the control of14. Public acceptance of rabbit as an economical source of protein depends how aggressivelyproducers market it.A. vigorouslyB. rigorouslyC. efficientlyD. effectively15. Many New England c ommunities do not permit the construction of a “modernist” building,lest it alter their overall architectural integrity.A. in order thatB. for fear thatC. in case thatD. in spite that16. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality.A. impressionB. imaginationC. expressionD. presentation17. Television commercial have been under constant scrutiny for the last few years.A. reflectionB. examinationC. attackD. pressure18. The mayor has spent a handsome amount of time in his last tern working to bring down the taxrate.A. plentyB. sufficientC. moderateD. considerable19. His poor performance maybe attributed to the lack of motivation.A. focused onB. caused byC. viewed asD. taken for20. The new cut in interest rate is meant to promote domestic investment.A. obtainB. encourageC. publicizeD. advertisePart III Reading Comprehension (25 points)Section ADirections: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneLast week, I read a story about a 34-year-old British woman who is extremely afraid of metal forks. She's been using plastic ones for 17 years because the sound of a fork rubbing against a plate gives her a panic attack.Strange, right? But she's not alone. While popular phobias(恐惧症) about snakes and spiders might get all of the attention, there are a wide variety of not-so-obvious horrors that make people nervous.While some phobias might seem a bit silly, they can cause serious emotional distress. My co-worker Magda is terrified of pigeons, a phobia that is taking over her life. She won't walk in certain parts of the city and runs screaming from the subway when one of these "rats with wings" finds its way onto the platform. Another friend is disgusted with cheese. Once I saw her run away from a slice of it. So where does an irrational fear of cheese come from?Are phobias something we inherit from our genes or do we acquire these unusual anxieties over time?Ever since I can remember I have been unreasonably frightened of elevators. There was no terrible childhood experience and I am fine with confined spaces, but something about elevators makes me nervous. And so, when my boyfriend and I found ourselves trapped in an elevator last year - because these sorts of things always happen eventually- I was anticipating the worst.While he gave me a suggestive eyebrow raise and proposed we "take advantage of the situation," I began screaming uncontrollably. I was far from turned on by the whole facing my worst nightmare thing.However, after the fear subsided(消退)I realized that, yes, this was my greatest fear come true, and yet - it wasn't all that bad. Nervous and inconvenient maybe, but terrifying? Not so much.Liberating yourself from a deep-seated phobia can be a long and difficult process, but sometimes it can be as simple as confronting it head on.21. The 34-year-old British woman is extremely afraid of metal forks becauseA. she couldn't bear their sound on plateB. she is afraid that they may hurt herC. she has never used them beforeD. she has been injured by them before22. The phrase "rats with wings" (Para. 3) refers to______A. devilsB. exotic ratsC. pigeonsD. strange birds23. The author's fear of elevators is the result of_______A. her dislike of being in closed spacesB. her terrible experienceC. her phobia for no reasonD. her nervousness of being alone24. After the fear subsided, the author realized that______A. an elevator ride could be excitingB. it was not as horrible as she had thoughtC. her boyfriend's help was importantD. she could have had a good time with her boyfriend25. The purpose for the author to share her experience is to_______A. introduce what strange fears people haveB. explain why people have strange fearsC. illustrate conquering a fear can be difficultD. encourage people to overcome their fearsPassage T woThe American public's obsession with dieting has led to one of the most dangerous health misconceptions of all times. Many television ads, movies, magazine articles, and diet-food product labels would have consumers believe that carbohydrates (碳水化合物) are bad for the human body and that those who eat them will quickly become overweight. We are advised to avoid foods such as potatoes, rice and white bread and opt for meats and vegetables instead. Some companies promote this idea to encourage consumers to buy their "carb-free" food products. But the truth is, the human body needs carbohydrates to function properly, and a body that relies on carbohydrates but is exhausted of this dietary element is not in good shape after all.Most foods that we consume on a daily basis like potatoes and rice are loaded with carbohydrates. Contrary to popular belief, carbohydrates have many health benefits some fight diseases such as high blood pressure and heart disease, and others help to prevent cancer and stroke. Cutting these foods out of your diet may deprive your body of the many health benefits of carbohydrates.One of the best benefits of carbohydrates is their ability to help to maintain the health of our organs, tissues, and cells. Scientific studies have shown that one type of carbohydrate called fiber reduces the risk of heart disease. Carbohydrates also containantioxidants (抗氧化剂) , which protect the body's cells from harmful particles with the potential to cause cancer.This does not mean that the human body can survive on a diet composed entirely of carbohydrates. We also need certain percentages of proteins and fats to maintain healthy bodies. But carbohydrates certainly should not be avoided altogether. In fact, the food pyramid, therecommended basis of a healthy diet, shows that a person should consume six to eleven servings of breads and grains, as well as three to four servings each of fruits and vegetables - all carbohydrate-containing foods. It is easy to see why cutting carbohydrates out of a person's diet is not a good idea.The only way to know what is truly healthy for your own body is to talk to a nutritionist or dietician, who can help you choose foods that are right for you as well as guide you toward a proper exercise program for weight loss, or muscle gain. These professionals will never tell you to cut out carbohydrates entirely! The bottom line: listen to the experts, not the advertisers!26. As is used in Paragraph l, the word "exhausted" most possibly means______A. startledB. starvingC. derivedD. deprived27. According to the author, advertisers who sell“carb-free”products_______A. value consumers' well-beingB. are not telling the truthC. offer healthy optionsD. are responsible for obesity28. Which of the following is NOT one of the health benefits of carbohydrates?A. Prevention of stroke.B. Prevention of cancer.C. Prevention of fiber reduction.D. Prevention of heart disease.29. It can be inferred from the passage that a healthy diet _____.A. is low in carbohydrates and high in proteins and fatsB. contains equal amounts of carbohydrates and proteinsC. needs enough proteins but no fat for us to maintain energyD. is balanced between carbohydrates, and proteins and fats30. The main purpose of the passage is to ____.A. describe the variety of carbohydratesB. explain how to live a healthy lifeC. promote more physical exerciseD. advocate a healthy dietPassage ThreeOf all the lessons taught by the financial crisis, the most personal has been that Americans aren’t so goo d at money-management. We take out home loans we can't afford. We run up sky-high credit-card debt. We don't save nearly enough for retirement.In response, supporters of financial-literacy education are moving with renewed enthusiasm. School districts in states such as New Jersey and Illinois are adding money-management courses to their curriculums . The Treasury and Education departments are sending lesson plans to high schools and encouraging students to compete in the National Financial Capability Challenge that begins in March.Students with top scores on that exam will receive certificates -but chances for long-term benefits are slim. As it turns out, there is little evidence that traditional efforts to boost financial know-how help students make better decisions outside the classroom. Even as the financial-literacy movement has gained steam over the past decade, scores have been falling on tests that measure how well students learn about things such as budgeting, credit cards, insurance and investments. A recent survey of college students conducted for the Jump Start Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy found that students who'd had a personal-finance or money-management course in high school scored no better than those who hadn't."We need to figure out how to do this the right way," says Lewis Mendel, a professor at the University of Washington who after 15 years of studying financial-literacy programs has come to the conclusion that current methods don't work. A growing number of researchers and educators agree that a more radical approach is needed. They advocate starting financial education a lot earlier than high school, putting real money and spending decisions into kids' hands and talking openly about the emotions and social influences tied to how we spend.Other initiatives are tacking such real-world issues as the commercial and social expensive brand-name shoes so badly? "It takes confidence to take a stand and to think differently," says Jeroo Billimoria, founder of Aflatoun, a nonprofit whose curriculum, used in more than 30 countries ,aims to help kids get a leg up in their financial lives .”“This goes beyond money and savings"31. The financial-literacy education is intended to________.A. renew Americans' enthusiasm about money-managementB. increase Americans' awareness of the financial crisisC. help Americans to overcome the financial crisisD. enable Americans to manage money wisely32. According to the author, the National Financial Capability Challenge will be_______.A. ineffectiveB. rewardingC. costlyD. well-received33. By saying that "the financial-literacy movement has gained steam"(Para .3), the author meansthat the movement______.A. has received much criticismB. has been regarded as imaginativeC. has been more and more popularD. has gone through financial difficulties34. Lewis Mandell suggests that we should figure out how to ________.A. manage money in a more efficient wayB. carry out financial-literacy education properlyC. improve the social awareness of financial educationD. help students score better in money-management courses35. Jeroo Billimoria is most likely to agree that commercial and social pressures make one'spurchasing decisions________.A. acceptableB. difficultC. feasibleD. unwisePassage FourCheating is nothing new,But today, educators and administrators are finding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent -and are less likely to be punished - than in the past . Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike .Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows .Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today's youth. Others have attributed increased cheating to the fact that today's youth are far more pragmatic(实用主义的)than their more idealistic predecessors. Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies，students were filled with visions about changing the world，today’s students feel great pressure to conform and succeed. In interviews with students at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheatinghad become easy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty."People are competitive," said a second-year college student named Anna, from Chicago. There's an underlying fear. If you don't do well, your life is going to be ruined. The pressure is not only form parents and friends but from oneself .To achieve .To succeed .It’s almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals,Edward Wynne, a magazine editor, blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action .Dwight Huber, chairman of the English department at Amarillo .sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated. "I would cheat if I felt I w as being cheated," Mr. Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers gives short-answer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can put information together, students will try to beat the system. "The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong with the individual who are doing it," he said. "That's too easy an answer. We've got to start looking at the system."36. Educators are finding that students who cheat_______.A. have poor academic recordsB. are more likely to be punished than beforeC. tend to be dishonest in later yearsD. are not only those academically weak37. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Students do not cheat on essay tests.B. Students' cheating has deep social roots.C. Punishment is an effective method to stop cheating . .D. Reform in the testing system will eliminate cheating.38. Which of the following points of view would Mr. Huber agree with?A. Parents must take responsibility for the rise in cheating.B. Punishment for cheaters should be severe in this country.C. Students who cheat should be expelled from school.D. Cheating would be reduced through an educational reform.39. The expression "the individuals" (the last paragraph) refers to ________A. teachersB. parentsC. students who cheatD. school administrators40. The passage mainly discusses_______A. people's tolerance of students' cheatingB. the decline of moral standards of today's youthC. factors leading to academic dishonestyD. ways to eliminate academic dishonestySection BDirections: In this section, you are required to read one quoted blog and the comments on it. The blog and comments are followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.One of the central principles of raising kids in America is that parents should be actively involved in their children's education: meeting with teachers, volunteering at school helping with homework, and doing a hundred other things that few working parents have time for. These obligations are so baked into American values that few parents stop to ask wheth er they’re worth the effort.Until this January, few researchers did, either. In the largest-ever study of how parental involvement affects academic achievement, Keith Robinson and Angel L.Harris, two sociology professors at Duke, found that mostly it doesn’t. The researchers combed through nearly three decades' worth of surveys of American parents and tracked63 different measures of parental participation in kids' academic lives, from helping them with homework, to talking with them about college plans. In an attempt to show whether the kids of more-involved parents improved over time, the researchers indexed these measures to children's academic performance, including test scores in reading and math.What they found surprised them. Most measurable forms of parental involvement seem to yield few academic dividends for kids, or even to backfire(适得其反) -regardless of a parent's race, class, or level of education.Do you review your daughter's homework every night? Robinson and Harris's data show that this won’t help her score higher on standardized tests. Once kids enter middle school, parental help with homework can actually bring test scores down, an effect Robinson says could be caused by the fact that many parents may have forgotten, or never truly understood, the material their children learn in school.While Robinson and Harris largely disproved that assumption, they did find a handful of habits that make a difference, such as reading aloud to young kids (fewer than half of whom are read to daily) and talking with teenagers about college plans. But these interventions don't take place at school or in the presence of teachers, where policymakers have the most influence - they take place at home.Comment 1:Basically the choice is whether one wants to let kids to be kids. Persistent parental involvement and constantly communicating to the kids on what the parents want consciously or unconsciously would help the kids grow up or think like the parents sooner than otherwise. Comment 2:It also depends on the kid. Emotional and social maturity have a lot to do with success in colle ge and in life. Some kids may have the brains and are bored by high school, but that doesn’t mean they are ready for college or the work place.Comment 3:The article doesn’t define “helping,”but I understand it as actually assisting children in the exercises (e.g. helping them to solve a math problem) and/or reviewing their work for accuracy rather than simply making sure they’ve completed their work. I think the latter is more helpful than the former. I would also certainly hope that no study would discourage parents from monitoring their children’s performance!41. The word “they”(para. 1) refers to _____.A. principlesB. studiesC. obligationsD. values42. What is th e main conclusion of the Robinson and Harris’s study?A. Parental involvement may not necessarily benefit childrenB. The kids of more-involved parents improve over timeC. School should communicate with parents regularlyD. Parental involvement works better with low-achievers.43. Comment1 suggests that _____.A. kids should be kids after allB. parents should leave their children aloneC. persistent parental involvement is a mustD. parents may influence children's thinking44. The writer of Comment 2 would probably agree thatA. getting ready for college is an emotional processB. high intelligence does not guarantee successC. high school is often boring in the U.S.D. social maturity is sufficient to achieve success in life45. Which of the following parental helps will the writer of Comment 3 consider proper?A. Monitoring kids' class performance.B. Reviewing kids' homework for accuracy.C. Making sure kids have finished their workD. Assisting kids in their exercises.Part IV Cloze (10 points)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked, A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Ironically, a study finds that we’re awful gift-givers precisely because we spend too much time trying to be considerate. We imagine our friends 46 a gift that is impressive, expensive, and sentimental. We imagine the look of happiness and surprise on their faces and the warmth we feel 47 . But there’s something that the most sentimental-gift-givers tend not to think too much about: 48 the gift is practical in the first place._49 , practicality seems like an enemy of great gift giving. Beautiful jewelry, lovely watches, perfect rugs, finely crafted kitchen hardware: These things 50 great gifts because they communicate something beyond practicality. They communicate that the giver cares.But do the receivers care? Often, no. "Gift receivers would be 51 if givers gave them exactly what they requested 52 . attempting to be 'thoughtful and considerate' by buying gifts they did not explicitly request" to surprise them, the researchers write. Their clever paper asks givers and receivers to 53 gifts from two perspectives: desirability (e.g. the cost of a coffee maker) and feasibility(e.g. the 54 of the coffee maker).Across several experiments, they find that givers consistently give gifts based on desirability and receivers 55 favor gifts based on feasibility .46. A. opened B. have opened C. opening D. to open47. A. in return B. in place C. in turn D. in person48. A. How B. Why C. When D. Whether49. A. In many cases B. In many ways C. To sum up D. To be sure50.A. take up B. make for C. lead to D. work out51.A. surprised B. happy C. more surprised D. happier52.A. but for B. as to C. rather than D. regardless of53.A. measure B. select C. classify D. decide54.A. ease B. cost C. quality D. look55.A. continuously B. nevertheless C. whereas D. unexpectedlyPart V T ext Completion (20 points)Directions: In this part, there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions (Ranging from 56 to75).Above each text there are three or four phrases to be completed. First, use the choices provided in the box to complete the phrases. Second, use the completed phrases to fill in the blanks of the text. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.T ext OneA.soB. watchingC. hire themPhrases:A.and understandably 56B.that the companies that 57 want moneyC.that could be spent 58Children are a special target of advertisers, 59 . Y oung people are shopping and spending more than ever before. Researchers suggest that children who are highly involved in consumer culture are more prone to childhood depression and anxiety and have worse relationships with their parents. They said: "Y ou cannot totally protect your kids from advertising because it is everywhere. So you can explain to your kids that advertisers have an agenda and 60 . They don't have our best interests in mind."They also suggest that family should watch very little television. Y ou can fill the time 61 with other activities, such as reading and playing games together.T ext TwoA.beyondB. sendingC. as well asPhrases:A.62 the wages of average familiesB.63 the reach of most AmericansC.64 young people to collegeA research group in California has released a "national report card on higher education." The report says the price of college has increased more than four hundred percent since 1982. Costs have climbed much faster than other prices - 65 ．The group warns that a continuation of these trends would put higher education 66 .And it would mean greater debt for those who do go to college. The report al so expresses concern that the United States i s losing its leadership in 67 .T ext ThreeA. imitateB. betweenC. otherwiseD. acceleratePhrases:A. from 68 its feathersB. would be difficult to 69C. it 70 couldD. enabling the bird to 71The emperor penguin traps air in its feathers. Not only does this insulate the bird against extreme cold but it also enables it to move two or three times faster than 72 How? Marine biologists have suggested that it does so by releasing tiny air bubbles 73 .As these bubbles。
2014年同等学力申硕英语考试真题及答案
2014年同等学力申硕英语考试真题及答案全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12014 Same Ability Postgraduate Entrance Examination for English Test Questions and AnswersPart I Dialogue InterpretationDirections: The sentence pairs below are closely related and always discuss the same topic. After reading the two sentences, you may choose to omit the information they convey and the reasoning method for it, and select the correct answer from the four choices.1. Speaker A: I heard that Professor Smith got promoted last week.Speaker B: He did. Did you know that he has been working at the university for over 20 years? He really deserves it.Q: What do you know from Speaker B's response to Speaker A?A. Professor Smith has been at the university for a long time.B. Professor Smith has worked hard and finally gotten a promotion.C. Professor Smith is the oldest professor at the university.D. Professor Smith is the most popular professor at the university.2. Speaker A: Can you believe that Anna broke up with Mark?Speaker B: Oh, I know. I always thought they were the perfect couple.Q: What does Speaker B imply about Anna and Mark?A. Anna and Mark have been together for a long time.B. Anna and Mark are no longer a couple.C. Anna and Mark are happy together.D. Anna and Mark are a famous couple.......Part II Reading ComprehensionDirection: This part consists of 4 passages. After reading each passage, answer the questions or complete the statements that follow it.Passage 1The year 1848 brought political revolution and economic migration to Europe. The clinic and hospital in Vienna where Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis worked was one destination for those forced over Europe.Dr. Semmelweis had been born in Hungary in 1818, had entered medical school in Vienna in 1837, and had become a doctor in 1844. The Viennese clinic where Dr. Semmelweis worked was caught in the current of professional careers and economic migration that steered thousands of young doctors to Vienna from other parts of Europe. Chief residents such as Semmelweis had to compete for promotion and the attention of the professors who distributed favors and resources.This intense collective ambition, this jostling and networking, created the vital organizational networks that drove Vienna to the medical pinnacle of Europe. But such headlong, disorganized pursuit of professional allegiance and social advancement led to inevitable error, as the cause of this first medical tragedy soon became clear.1. In 1848, Europe witnessed _____.a. a political revolutionb. a economic migrationc. a and bd. none of the above2. Dr. Ignaz Semmelweis ____.a. was born in Germanyb. entered medical school in Hungaryc. competed for promotiond. entered medical school in Budapest......Part III VocabularyDirection: Select the correct meaning of the underlined word or phrase in the sentence.1. The book is somewhat of a rarity, and it could fetch a high price at the auction.a. valueb. scarcityc. numberd. quality2. The old buildings were standing in defiance of the developer's plan to demolish them.a. obedienceb. supportc. protestd. agreement......Part IV TranslationDirection: Translate the following sentences into English.1. 他们正在进行一场生动的辩论，以寻找新的解决方案。
2014-2015年同等学力英语真题与答案(全)
2014 年同等学力英语考试真题Part I Oral Communication (10 points)Section ADirections: In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A, B and C, taken from the dialogue Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices tocomplete the dialogue and mark your answer on the Sheet.Dialogue oneA.I thought you said there were three menB.They had been in there for about 5 minutesC.It’s the other man I’m talking about.Burney: There were two men, I think. No, three. They ran into the bank and the one with the gun, the tall one, he runs up to the window, and starts shouting something, I don’t know, “give me all your money” and the other one-Police officer: 1 ?Burney : No, there were two men and a girl. 2 , the one carrying the suitcase, well he goes up to the other guy-Police officer: The one with the gun?Burney: Yes, and he opens the suitcase and the cashier, well, she- well, all the other people behind the window – they hand over piles of money and the two men put it into the suitcase and they run out.It was 1:35. 3 .Dialogue TwoA.People today don’t like thatB.I like a good storyC.They still make movies like thatSpeaker A: I like watching old movies and I think they are the best.Speaker B: I agree with you, even though they’re in black and white. I think a good story is more important than color.Speaker A: And there was no violence in ole movies..Speaker B: No, there wasn’t. 4 .Speaker A : They like lots of action.Speaker B : 5 .Speaker A: I like to see actors who are like real people.Speaker B: Like real people with real problems.Speaker A: 6 .Speaker B: Yes, but they never make much money.Section BDirections: in this section there is one incomplete interview which has four blanks and four choices A, B, C,and D, taken from the interview. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to completethe interview and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.A.I do a lot of research on the Internet tooB.I do a lot of my shopping on the net nowC.Of course they mail their friends endlesslyD.I document everythingInterviewer: Ms. Chen, can you tell us which pieces of technology are important to you?Intreviewee: Three things: my Sharp laptop; my iphone 5; and my Olympus digital camera. 7 : the kids, art, buildings, clothes, scenes that catch my eye as I walk past.Interviewer: What do you use your computer for ?Interviewee: Well , I send emails all the time. But I do a lot of my design work on screen now and I can send my ideas straight to directors and producers. 8 -there are some fantastic sites around n ow. Interviewer: Who uses the computer at home?Interviewee: The kids use the computer all the time at home. 9 -and on top of that they’re always texting on their mobile phones! They play computer games when they think I or their father aren’t looking! They don’t like doing homework, of cou rse , but there are some really good revision sites on the Internet.10 -15 minutes for a whole supermarket “visit”! That feels really good.Part Ⅱ Vocabulary(10points)Directions: In this part there are ten sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A,B,C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.11.Conditions for the growth of this plant are optimum in early summer.A.most acceptableB. most expressiveC. most favorite D . most desirable12.She often says her greatest happiness consists in helping the disadvantagedChildren.A.is proportionate toB. is composed ofC. lies inD. relies on13.Now and in the future, we will live as free people, not in fear and never at the mercy of any foreign powers.A.For the sake ofB. at the cost ofC. in the interest ofD. under the control of14.Public acceptance of rabbit as an economical source of protein depends on how aggressively producers market it.A.vigorouslyB. rigorouslyC. efficientlyD. effectively15.Many New England communities do not permit the construction of a “modernist” building, lest it alter their overall architectural integrity.A.in order thatB. for fear thatC. in case thatD. in spite that16.Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality.A.impressionB. imaginationC. expressionD. presentation17.Television commercials have been under constant scrutiny for the last few years.A.reflectionB. examinationC. attackD. pressure18.The mayor has spent a handsome amount of time in his last term working to bring down the tax rate.A.plentyB. SufficientC. moderateD. considerable19.His poor performance may be attributed to the lack of motivation.A.focused onB. caused byC. viewed asD. taken for20.The new cut in interest rate is meant to promote domestic investment.A.obtainB. encourageC. publicizeD. advertisePart III Reading Comprehension(25 points)Section ADirection: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A,B,C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answeron the Answer Sheet.Passage OneLast week, I read a story about a 34-year-old British woman who is extremely afraid of metal forks. She’s been using plastic ones for 17 years because the sound of a fork rubbing against a panic attack. Strange, right? But She’s not alone. While popular phobias (恐惧症)about snakes and spiders might get all of the attention, there are a wide variety of not-so-obvious horrors that make people nervous.While some phobias might seem a bit silly ,they can cause serious emotional distress. My co-worker Magda is terrified of pigeons ,a phobia that is taking over her life, She won’t walk in certain parts of the city and runs screaming from the subway when one of these “rats with wings ”finds its way onto the platform . Another friend is disgusted with cheese. Once I saw her run away from a slice of it .So where does an irrational fear of cheese come from ?Are phobias something we inherit from our genes or do we acquire these unusual anxieties over time?Ever since I can remember we inherit from our genes or do we acquire these unusual anxieties over time?Ever since I can remember I have been unreasonably frightened of elevators. There was no terrible childhood experience and I am fine with confined spaces ,but something about elevators makes me nervous .And so ,when my boyfriend and I found ourselves trapped in an elevator last year -because these sorts of things always happen eventually -I was anticipating the worst .While he gave me a suggestive eyebrow raise and proposed we “take advantage of the situation ,”I began screaming uncontrollably. I was far from turned on by the whole facing my worst nightmare thing.However, after the fear subsided (消退)I realized that, yes, t his was my greatest fear come true, andyet -it wasn’t all that bad. Nervous and inconvenient maybe, but terrifying? Not so much.Liberating yourself from a deep-seated phobia can be a long and difficult process, but sometimes it can be as simple as confronting it head on.21.The 34-year-old British woman is extremely afraid of metal forks because .A.she couldn’t bear their sound on plateB.she is afraid that they may hurt herC.she has never used them beforeD.she has been injured by them before22.The phrase “rats with wings”(Para.3)refers toA. devilsB. exotic ratsC. pigeonsD. strange birds23.The author’s fear of elevators is the result ofA.her dislike of being in closed spacesB.her terrible experienceC.her phobia for no reasonD.her nervousness of being alone24.After the fear subsided, the author realized thatA.an elevator ride could be excitingB.it was not as horrible as she had thoughtC.her boyfriend’s help was importantD.she could have had a good time with her boyfriend25.The purpose for the author to share her experience is toA.introduce what strange fears people haveB.explain why people have strange fearsC.illustrate conquering a fear can be difficultD.encourage people to overcome their fearsPassage TwoThe American public’s obsession with dieting has led to one of the most dangerous health misconceptions of all times. Many television ads, movies, magazine articles, and diet-food product labels would have consumers believe that carbohydrates(碳水化合物)are bad for the human body and that those who eat them will quickly become overweight. We are advised to avoid food a such as potatoes, rice and white bread and opt for meats and vegetables instead. Some companies promote this idea to encourage consumer to buy their “carb-free” food products. But the truth is, the human body needs carbohydrates to function properly, and a body that relies on carbohydrates but is exhausted of this dietary element is not in good shape after all.Most foods that wo consume on a daily basis like potatoes and rice are loaded with carbohydrates. Contrary to popular belief, carbohydrates have many health benefits; some fight diseases such as high blood pressure and heart disease, and others help to prevent cancer and stroke. Cutting these foods out of your diet may deprive your body of the many health benefits of carbohydrates.One of the best benefits of carbohydrates is their ability to help to maintain the health of our organs, tissues, and cells. Scientific studies have shown that one type of carbohydrate called fiber reduces the risk of heart disease.Carbohydrates also contain antioxidants（抗氧化剂），which protect the body’s cells from harmful particles with the potential to cause cancer.This does not mean that the human body can survive on a diet composed entirely of carbohydrates. We also need certain percentages of proteins and fats to maintain healthy bodies. But carbohydrates certainly should not be avoided altogether. In fact, the food pyramid, the recommended basis of a healthy diet, shows that a person should consume six to eleven servings of breads and grains, as well as three to four servings each of fruits and vegetables—all carbohydrate-containing foods. It is easy to see why cutting carbohydrates out of a person’s diet is not a good idea.The only way to know what is truly healthy for your own body is to talk to a nutritionist or dietician, who can help you choose foods that are right for you as well as guide you toward a proper exerciseprogram for weight loss, or muscle gain. These professionals will never tell you to cut out carbohydrates entirely! The bottom line: listen to experts, not the advertisers!26.As is used in Paragraph 1, the word “exhausted” most possibly means .A. startledB. starvingC. derivedD. deprived27.According to the author, advertisers who sell “carb-free”products.A. value consumers’ well-beingB. are not telling the truthC. offer healthy optionsD. are responsible for obesity28.Which of the following is NOT one of the health benefits of carbohydrates ?A. Prevention of stroke.B. Prevention of cancer.C. Prevention of fiber reductionD. Prevention of heart disease.29.It can be inferred from the passage that a healthy diet .A.is low in carbohydrates and high in proteins and fatsB.contains equal amounts of carbohydrates and proteinsC.needs enough proteins but no fat for us to maintain energyD.is balanced between carbohydrates, and proteins and fats30.The main purpose of the passage is to .A.describe the variety of carbohydratesB.explain how to live a healthy lifeC.promote more physical exerciseD.advocate a healthy dietPassage ThreeOf all the lessons taught by the financial crisis, the most personal has been that Americans aren’t so good at money-management. We take out home loans we can’t afford. We run up sky-high credit-card debt. We don’t save nearly enough for retirement.In response, supporters of financial-literacy education are moving with renewed enthusiasm. School districts in states such as New Jersey and Illinois are adding money-management courses to their curriculums. The treasury and Education departments are sending lesson plans to high schools and encouraging students to compete in the National Financial Capability Challenge that begins in March.Students with top scores on that exam will receive certificates—but chances for long-term benefits are slim. As it turns out, there is little evidence that traditional efforts to boost financial know-how help students make better decisions outside the classroom. Even as the financial-literacy movement has gained steam over the past decade, scores have been falling on tests that measure how well students learn about things such as budgeting, credit cards, insurance and investment. A recent survey of college students conducted for the JumpStart Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy found that students who’d had a personal-finance or money-management course in high school scored no better than those who hadn’t.“We need to figure out how to do this the right way,” says Lewis Mandell, a professor at the University of Washington who after 15 years of studying financial-literacy programs has come to the conclusion that current methods don’t work. A growing number of researchers and educators agree that a more radical approach is needed. They advocate starting financial education a lot earlier than high school, putting real mon ey and spending decisions into kids’ hands and talking openly about the emotions and social influences tied to how we spend.Other initiatives are tackling such real-world issues as the commercial and social pressures that affect purchasing decisions. Why exactly do you want those expensive brand-name shoes so badly? “It takes confidence to take a stand and to think differently,” says Jeroo Billimoria, founder of Aflatoun,a nonprofitwhose curriculum, used in more than 30 countries, aims to help kids get a leg up in their financial lives. “This goes beyond money and saving.”31.The financial-literacy education is intended to .A.renew Americans’ enthusiasm about money-managementB.increase Americans’ awareness of the financial crisisC.help Americans to overcome the financial crisisD.enable Americans to manage money wisely32.According to the author ,the National Financial Capability Challenge will beA. ineffectiveB.rewardingC. costlyD.well-received33.By saying that “the financial-literacy m ovement has gained steam”(Para.3),the author means that the movement .A.has received much criticismB.has been regarded as imaginativeC.has been more and more popularD.has gone through financial difficulties34.Lewis Mandell suggests that we should figure out how to .A.manage money in a more efficient wayB.carry out financial-literacy education properlyC.improve the social awareness of financial educationD.help students score better in money-management courses35.Jeroo Billimoria is most likely to agree that commercial and social pressures make one’s purchasing decisions .A. acceptableB. DifficultC. feasible C. unwisePassage FourCheating is nothing new. But today, educators and administrators are finding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent- and are less likely to be punished – than in the past. Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike.Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows. Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today’s youth . Others have attributed increased cheating to the fact that today’s youth are far more pragmatic (实用主义的) than their more idealistic predecessors. Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies, students were filled with visions about changing the world, today’s students feel great pressure to conform and succeed. In interviews with students at high schools and colleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had become easy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty. “People are competitive,” said a second-year college student named Anna, from Chicago. There’s an underlying fear. If you don’t do well, your life is going to be ruined. The pressure is not only from parents and friends but from oneself. To achieve. To succeed. It’s almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals.Wdward Wynne, a magazine editor, blame the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action. Dwight Huber, chairman of the English department at Amarillo, sees the matter differently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated. “I would cheat if I felt I was being cheated,” Mr. Huber said . He fells that as long as teachers give short-answer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts theycan memorize rather than by how well they can put information together, students will try to beat the system. “The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong with the individuals who are doing it,” he said. ‘That’s too easy an answer. We’ve got to start looking at the system.”36.E ducators are finding that students who cheat .A.have poor academic recordsB.are more likely to be punished than beforeC.tend to be dishonest in later yearsD.are not only those academically weak37.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A.Students do not cheat on essay tests.B.Students’ cheating has deep social roots.C.Punishment is an effective method to stop cheating.D.Reform in the testing system will eliminate cheating.38.W hich of the following points of view would Mr. Huber Agree with?A.Parents must take responsibility for the rise in cheating.B.Punishment for cheaters should be severe in this country.C.Students who cheat should be expelled from school.D.Cheating would be reduced trough an educational reform.39.T he expression “the individuals” (the last paragraph ) refers to .A.teachersB.parentsC.students who cheatD.school administrators40.The passage mainly discusses .A.people’s tolerance of students’ cheatingB.the decline of moral standards of today’s youthC.factors leading to academic dishonestyD.ways to eliminate academic dishonestySection BDirections: In this section, you are required to read one quoted blog and the comments on it. The blog and comments are followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answersA, B,C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.One of the central principles of raising kids in America is that parents should be actively involved in their children’s education: meeting with teachers, volunteering at school, helping with homework, and doing a hundred other things that few working parents have time for. These obligations are so baked into American values that few parents stop to ask whether they’re worth the effort.Until this January, few researchers did, either. In the largest-ever study of how parental involvementaffects academic achievement, Keith Robinson and Angel L.Harris, two sociology professors at Duke, found that mostly it doesn’t. The researchers combed through nearly three decades’ worth of surveys of American parents and tracked 63 different measures of parental participation in kids’ academic lives, from helping them with homework, to talking with them about college plans. In an attempt to show whether the kids of more-involved parents improved over time, the researchers indexed these measures to children’s academic performance, including test scores in reading and math.What they found surprised them. Most measurable forms of parental involvement seem to yield few academic dividends for kids, or even to backfire（适得其反）—regardless of a parent’s race, or level of education.Do you review your daughter’s homework every night? Robinson and Harris’s data show that this won’t help her score higher on standardized tests. Once kids enter middle school, parental help with homework can actually bring test scores down, an effect Robinson says could be caused by the fact that many parents may have forgotten, or never truly understood, the material their children learn in school.While Robinson and Harris largely disproved that assumption, they did find a handful of habits that make a difference, such as reading aloud to young kids(fewer than half of whom are read to daily)and talking with teenagers about college plans. But these interventions don’t take place at school or in the presence of teachers, where policy makers have the most influence — they take place at home.Comment 1:Basically the choice is whether one wants to let kids to be kids.Persistent parental involvement and constantly communicating to the kids on what the parents want consciously or unconsciously would help the kids grow up or think like the parents sooner than otherwise.Comment 2:It also depends on the kid . Emotional and social maturity have a lot to do with success in college and in life. Some kids may have the brains and are bored by high school, but that doesn,t mean they are ready for college or the work place.Comment 3:The article doesn’t clearly define “helping,” but I understood it as actually assisting children in the exercises(e.g. Helping them to solve a math problem)and/or reviewing their work for accuracy rather than simply making sure they’re completed their work.I think the latter is more helpful than the former. I would also certainly hope that no study would discourage parents from monitoring their children’s performance!41.The word “they”(Para.1) refers to .A.principlesB.studiesC.obligationsD.Values42.What is main conclusion of the Robinson and Harris’s study?A.Parental involvement may not necessarily benefit children.B.The kids of more-involved parents improve over time.C.Schools should communicate with parents regularly.D.Parental involvement works better with low-achievers.ment 1 suggests that .A.kids should be kids after allB.Parents should leave their children aloneC.Persistent parental involvement is a mustD.Parents may influence children’s thinking44.The writer of Comment 2 would probably agree that .A.getting ready for college is an emotional processB.high intelligence dose not guarantee successC.high school is often boring in the U.S.D.Social maturity is sufficient to achieve success in life45.Which of the following parental helps will the writer of Comment 3 consider proper?A.Monitoring kids’ class performance.B.Reviewing kids’ homework for accuracy.C.Making sure kids have finished their work.D.Assisting kids in their exercises.Part ⅣCloze(10 points)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Ironically, a study finds that we‘re awful gift-givers precisely because we spend too much time try into be considerate. We imagine our friends 46 a gift that is impressive, expensive, and sentimental. We imagine the look of happiness and surprise on their faces and the warmth we feel 47 .But there‘s something that the most sentimental gift-givers tend not to think too much about: 48 the gift is practical in the first place.49 ,practicality seems like an enemy of great gift giving .Beautiful jewelry, lovely watches, perfect rugs, finely crafted kitchen hardware: These things 50 great gifts because they communicate something beyond practicality. They communicate that the giver cares.But do the receivers care? Often, no. “Gift receivers would be 51 if givers gave them exactly what they requested 52 attempting to be ‘thoughtful and considerate’ by buying gifts they did not explicitly request” to surprise them, the researchers write. Their clever paper asks givers and receivers to 53 gifts from two perspectives: desirability(e.g. the 54 of the coffee based on desirability and receivers 55 favor gifts based on feasibility).46.A. opened B. have opened C. opening D. to open47.A. in return B. in place C. in turn D. in person48.A. How B. Why C. When D. Whether49.A. In many cases B. In many ways C. To sum up D. To be sure50.A. take up B. make four C. lead to D. work out51.A. surprised B. happy C. more surprised D. happier52.A. but for B. as to C. rather than D. regardless of53.A. measure B. select C. classify D. decide54.A. ease B. cost C. quality D. look55.A. continuously B. nevertheless C. whereas D. unexpectedlyPart Ⅴ Text Completion(20 points)Directions:In this part, there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions (Ranging from 56 to 75).Above each text there are three or four phrases to be completed. First, use the choices provided in thebox to complete the phrases. Second, use the completed phrases to fill in the blanks of the text.Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Text Onesowatching TVhire themPhrases:A.And understandably 56B.that the companies that 57 want moneyC.that could be spent 58Children are a special target of advertisers 59 .Young people are shopping and spending more than ever before. Researchers suggest that children who are highly involved in consumer culture are more prone to childhood depression and anxiety and have worse relationships with their parents. They said : “You cannot totally protect your kids from advertising because it is every where. So you can explain to your kids that advertisers have an agenda and 60 .They don,t have our best interests in mind.”They also suggest that family should watch very little television. You can fill the time 61 with other activities, such as reading and playing games together.Text Twobeyondsendingas well asPhrases:A. 62 the wages of average familiesB. 63 the reach of most AmericansC. 64 young people to collegeA research group in California has released a “national report card on higher education.” The report says the price of college has increased more than four hundred percent since 1982.Costs have climbed much faster than other prices- 65 .The group warns that a continuation of these trends would put higher education 66 .And it would mean greater debt for those who do go to college. The report also expresses concern that the United States is losing its leadership in67 .Text ThreeimitatebetweenotherwiseacceleratePhrases:A.from 68 its feathers2014 同等学力英语真题B.would be difficult to 69C.it 70 couldD.enabling the bird to 71The emperor penguin traps air in its feathers. Not only does this insulate the bird against extreme cold but it also enables it to move two or three times faster than 72 .How? Marine biologists have suggested that it does so by releasing tiny air bubbles 73 .As these bubbles are released, they reduce friction on the surface of the penguin’s wings 74 .Interestingly, engineers have been studying ways to make ships go faster by using bubbles to reduce friction against their hulls( 船身).However, researchers acknowledge that further investigation is challenging because “the complexity of penguin’s wings 75 .”Part VI Translation (10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.The social costs of unemployment go far beyond the welfare and unemployment payments made the government. Unemployment increases the chances of divorce, child abuse, and alcoholism, a new federal survey shows. Some experts say the problem is only temporary-that new technology will eventually create as many jobs as it destroys. But futurologist Hymen Seymour says the astonishing efficiency of the new technology means there will be a simple net reduction in the amount of human labor that needs to be done. “we should treat this as an opportunity to give people more leisure. It may not be easy, but society will hav e to reach a new agreement on the division and distribution of labor.” Seymour says.Part ⅦWriting(15points)Directions: Write a composition in no less than 150 words on the topic: A Way to Success. Read the following article in Chinese, then write according to the outline given below. Write yourcomposition on the Answer Sheet.大学毕业时，小刘决定不找工作。
同等学力人员申请硕士学位学科综合水平全国统一考试英语卷一真题2014年.doc
同等学力人员申请硕士学位学科综合水平全国统一考试英语卷一真题2014年(总分：75.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Part I Oral Communi(总题数：2，分数：6.00)Dialogue One A. They had been in there for about 5 minutes B. It's theother man I'm talking about C. I thought you said there were three men Burney: There were two men, I think. No, three. They ran into the bank and the one with thegun，the tall one, he runs up to the window, and starts shouting something, I don't know, "Give me all your money" and the other one -Police officer:_____1______? Burney: No, there were two men and a girl. _____2_____the one carrying the suitcase,well, he goes up to the other guy -Police officer: The one with the gun? urney: Yes, and he opens the suitcase and the cashier, well, she - well, all the otherpeople behind the window - they hand over piles of money and two men put it into the suitcase and they run out. It was l:35.________3______ （分数：3.00）A.B.C.A.B.C.A.B.C.Dialogue Two A. Ilike a goodstory B. They still make movies like that C. People today don't like that Speaker A: I like watching old l movies and I think they are the best. Speaker B: I agree with you, eventhough they're in black and white. I think a good story is more important than color. Speaker A: And there was no violence in old movies. Speaker B: No, there wasn't._______4_______ Speaker A: They like lots of action. Speaker B:_____5______ Speaker A:I like to see actors who are like real people. Speaker B:Like real people with real problems. Speaker A:___6____ Speaker B: Yes, but they never make much money.（分数：3.00）A.B.C.A.B.C.A.B.C.二、Section B(总题数：1，分数：4.00)A. I do a lot of research on the Internet tooB. I document everythingC. Of course they mail their friends endlesslyD. I do a lot of my shopping on the net now Interviewer:Ms. Chen, can you tell us which pieces of technology are important to you? Interviewee: Three things: my Sharp laptop; myiphone5; and my Olympus digital camera.____7____: the kids, art, buildings, clothes, scenes that catch myeye as I walk past. Interviewer:What do you use your computer for? Interviewee:Well, I send emails all the time. But I do a lot of my design work on screennow and I can send my ideas straight to directors and producers. _____8______- there are some fantastic sites around now. Interviewer: Who uses the computer at home? Interviewee: The kids use the computer all the time at home._____9_____ - and on topof that they're always texting on their mobile phones! They play computergames when they think I or their father aren't looking! They don't likedoing homework, of course, but there are some really good revision siteson the Internet. _____10_____- 15 minutes for a whole supermarket"visit"! That feels really good.（分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.三、Part ⅡVocabulary (10(总题数：10，分数：10.00)1.Now and in the future, we will live as free people, not in fear and never at the mercy of any foreign powers. （分数：1.00）A.in the interest ofB.under the control ofC.for the sake ofD.at the cost of2.Public acceptance of rabbit as an economical source of protein depends how aggressivelyproducers market it . （分数：1.00）A.vigorouslyB.effectivelyC.efficientlyD.rigorously3.Many New England communities do not permit the construction of a “modernist” building, lest it alter their overall architectural integrity. （分数：1.00）A.in case thatB.in spite thatC.for fear thatD.in order that4.Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality .（分数：1.00）A.imaginationB.impressionC.presentationD.expression5.Television commercial have been under constant scrutiny for the last few years. （分数：1.00）A.pressureB.reflectionC.examinationD.attack6.The mayor has spent ahandsome amount of time in his last tern working to bring down the tax rate .（分数：1.00）A.sufficientB.plentyC.considerableD.moderate7.His poor performance maybe attributed to the lack of motivation. （分数：1.00）A.caused byB.focused onC.taken forD.viewed as8.The new cut in interest rate is meant to promote domestic investment.（分数：1.00）A.encourageB.obtainC.publicizeD.advertise9.Conditions for the growth of this plant areoptimum in early summer. （分数：1.00）A.most acceptableB.most expressiveC.most favoriteD.most desirable10.She often says her greatest happinessconsists in helping the disadvantaged children. （分数：1.00）A.is proportionate toB.is composed ofC.lies inD.relies on四、Part III Reading (总题数：4，分数：20.00)Passage One Of all the lessons taught by the financial crisis, the most personal has been that Americans aren’t so good at money-management. We take out home loans we can't afford.We run up sky-high credit-card debt. We don't save nearly enough forretirement. In response, supporters of financial-literacy education are moving with renewed enthusiasm. School districts in states such as New Jersey and Illinois are adding money-management courses to their curriculums . The Treasury and Education departments are sending lesson plans to high schools and encouraging students to compete in the National Financial Capability Challenge that begins in March. Students with top scores on that exam will receive certificates -but chances for long-term benefits are slim. As it turns out, there is little evidence that traditional effortsto boost financial know-how help students make better decisions outside the classroom.Even as the financial-literacy movement has gained steam over the past decade, scores have been falling on tests that measure how well students learn about things such asbudgeting, credit cards, insurance and investments. A recent survey of college studentsconducted for the JumpStart Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy found thatstudents who'd had a personal-finance or money-management course in high schoolscored no better than those who hadn't. "We need to figure out how to do this the right way,"says Lewis Mandell, a professor at the University of Washington who after 15 years of studyingfinancial-literacy programs has come to the conclusion that current methods don't work.Agrowing number of researchers and educators agree that a more radical approach isneeded. They advocate starting financial education a lot earlier than high school, puttingreal money and spending decisions into kids' hands and talking openly about theemotions and social influences tied to how we spend . Other initiatives are tacking such real-world issues as the commercial andsocial pressures that affect purchasing decisions.Why exactly do you want those expensive brand-name shoes so badly? "It takes confidence to take a stand and to thinkdifferently," saysJerooBillimoria ,founder of Aflatoun,a nonprofit whose curriculum, used in more than 30 countries ,aims to help kids get a leg up in their financial lives .”“This goes beyond money and savings"（分数：5.00）(1).The financial-literacy education is intended to________. （分数：1.00）A.help Americans to overcome the financial crisisB.enable Americans to manage money wiselyC.increase Americans' awareness of the financial crisisD.renew Americans' enthusiasm about money-management(2).According to the author, the National Financial Capability Challenge will be_______. （分数：1.00）A.well-receivedB.costlyC.rewardingD.ineffective(3).Bysaying that "the financial-literacy movement has gained steam"(Para .3) ,theauthor means that the movement______. （分数：1.00）A.has gone through financial difficultiesB.has received much criticismC.has been regarded as imaginativeD.has been more and more popular(4).Lewis Mandell suggests that we should figure out how to ________. （分数：1.00）A.help students scorebetter in money-management coursesB.improve the social awareness of financial educationC.carry out financial-literacy education properlyD.manage money in a more efficient way(5).Jeroo Billimoria is most likely to agree thatcommercial and social pressures makeone's purchasing decisions________. （分数：1.00）A.difficultB.feasibleC.unwiseD.acceptablePassage Two Cheating is nothing new,But today,educators and administrators are finding that instances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent -and are less likely to be punished - than in the past . Cheating appears to have gainedacceptance among good and poor students alike . Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows .Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today's youth. Others have attributedincreased cheating to the fact that today's youth are far more pragmatic（实用主义的）than their more idealistic predecessors.Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies，students were filled with visions about changing the world，today’s students feel greatpressure to conform and succeed. In interviews with students at high schools andcolleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had becomeeasy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty."People are competitive," said a second-yearcollege studentnamed Anna, fromChicago. There's an underlying fear. If you don't do well, your life is going to be ruined.The pressure is not only form parents and friends but from oneself .To achieve .To succeed .It’s almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals, Edward Wynne , a magazine editor ,blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action .Dwight Huber ,chairman of the English department at Amarillo .sees the matterdifferently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated. "I wouldcheat if I felt I was being cheated," Mr. Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers gives short-answer testsrather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can put information together,students will try to beat the system. "The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong withthe individual who are doing it," he said. "That's too easy an answer. We've got to start looking at the system." （分数：5.00）(1).Educators are finding that students who cheat_______. （分数：1.00）A.are not only those academically weakB.tend to be dishonest in later yearsC.are more likely to be punished than beforeD.have poor academic records(2).According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? （分数：1.00）A.Reform in the testing system will eliminate cheating.B.Punishment is an effective method to stop cheating .C.Students' cheating has deep social roots.D.Students do not cheat on essay tests.(3).Which of the following points of view would Mr. Huberagree with ? （分数：1.00）A.Cheating would be reduced through an educational reform.B.Students who cheat should be expelled from school.C.Punishment for cheaters should be severe in this country.D.Parents must take responsibility for the rise in cheating.(4).The expression "the individuals" (the last paragraph) refers to ________ （分数：1.00）A.school administratorsB.students who cheatC.parentsD.teachers(5).The passage mainly discusses_______ （分数：1.00）A.ways to eliminate academic dishonestyB.factors leading to academic dishonestyC.the decline of moral standards of today's youthD.people's tolerance of students' cheatingPassage Three Last week, I read a story about a 34-year-old British woman who is extremely afraid of metal forks. She's been using plastic ones for 17 years because the sound of a fork rubbing against a plate g:ives her a panic attack. Strange, right? But she's not alone. While popular phobias(恐惧症) about snakes and spiders might get all of the attention, there are a wide variety of not-so-obvious horrors that make people nervous. While some phobias might seem a bit silly, they can cause serious emotional distress. My co-worker Magda is terrified of pigeons, a phobia that is taking over her life. She won't walk in certain parts of the city and runs screaming from the subway when one of these "rats with wings" finds its way onto the platform. Another friend isdisgusted with cheese. Once I saw her run away from a slice of it. So where does anirrational fear of cheese come from? Are phobias something we inherit from our genes or do we acquire these unusualanxieties over time? Ever since I can remember I have been unreasonably frightenedof elevators. Therewas no terrible childhood experience and I am fine with confined spaces, but something about elevators makes me nervous. And so, when my boyfriend and I found ourselvestrapped in an elevator last year - because these sorts of things always happen eventually- I was anticipating the worst. While he gave me a suggestive eyebrow raise and proposed we "take advantage ofthe situation," I began screaming uncontrollably. I was far from turned on by the wholefacing my worst nightmare thing. However, after the fear subsided(消退)I realized that, yes, this was my greatest fear come true, and yet - it wasn't all that bad. Nervous and inconvenient maybe, butterrifying? Not so much. Liberating yourself from a deep-seated phobia can be a long and difficult process,but sometimes it can be as simple as confronting it head on. （分数：5.00）(1).The 34-year-old British woman is extremelyafraid of metal forks because （分数：1.00）A.she has never used them beforeB.she has been injured by them beforeC.she couldn't bear their sound on plateD.she is afraid that they may hurt her(2).The phrase "rats with wings" (Para. 3) refers to______（分数：1.00）A.strange birdsB.pigeonsC.devilsD.exotic rats(3).The author's fear of elevators is the result of_______ （分数：1.00）A.her phobia for no reasonB.her nervousness of being aloneC.her dislike of being in closed spacesD.her terrible experience(4).After the fear subsided, the author realized that______ （分数：1.00）A.her boyfriend's help was importantB.she could have had a good time with her boyfriendC.an elevator ride could be excitingD.it was not as horrible as she had thought(5).The purpose for the author to share her experience is to_______ （分数：1.00）A.illustrate conquering a fear can be difficultB.encourage people to overcome their fearsC.introduce what strange fears people haveD.explain why people have strange fearsPassage Four The American public's obsession with dieting has led to one of the most dangeroushealth misconceptions of all times. Many television ads, movies, magazine articles, anddiet-food product labels would have consumers believe that carbohydrates (碳水化合物) are bad for the human body and that those who eat them will quickly becomeoverweight. We are advised to avoid foods such as potatoes, rice and white bread andopt for meats and vegetables instead. Some companies promote this idea to encourageconsumers to buy their "carb-free" food products. But the truth is, the human bodyneeds carbohydrates to function properly, and a body that relies on carbohydrates but isexhausted of thisdietary element is not in good shape after all. Most foods that we consume on a daily basis like potatoes and rice are loaded withcarbohydrates. Contrary to popular belief, carbohydrates have many health benefitssome fight diseases such as high blood pressure and heart disease, and others help toprevent cancer and stroke. Cutting these foods out of your diet may deprive your bodyof the many health benefits of carbohydrates. One of the best benefits of carbohydrates is their ability to help to maintain the health of our organs, tissues, and cells. Scientific studies have shown that one type of carbohydrate called fiberreduces the risk of heart disease. Carbohydrates also contain antioxidants (抗氧化剂) , which protect the body's cells from harmful particles with thepotential to cause cancer. This does not mean that the human body can survive on a diet composed entirely ofcarbohydrates. We also need certain percentages of proteins and fats to maintain healthybodies. But carbohydrates certainly should not be avoided altogether. In fact, the foodpyramid, the recommended basis of a healthy diet, shows that a person should consumesix to eleven servings of breads and grains, as well as three to four servings each offruits and vegetables - all carbohydrate-containing foods. It is easy to see why cuttingcarbohydrates out of a person's diet is not a good idea. The only way to know what is truly healthy for your own body is to talk to a nutritionist or dietician, who can help you choose foods that are right for you as well asguide you toward a proper exercise program forweight loss, or muscle gain. Theseprofessionals will never tell you to cut out carbohydrates entirely! The bottom line:listen to the experts, not the advertisers! （分数：5.00）(1).As is used in Paragraph l, the word "exhausted" most possibly means______（分数：1.00）A.derivedB.deprivedC.startledD.starving(2).According to the author, advertisers who sell “carb-free” products_______ （分数：1.00）A.offer healthy optionsB.are responsible for obesityC.are not telling the truthD.value consumers' well-being(3).Which of the following is NOT one of the health benefits of carbohydrates? （分数：1.00）A.Prevention of fiber reduction.B.Prevention of heart disease.C.Prevention of stroke.D.Prevention of cancer.(4).It can be inferred from the passage that a healthy diet . （分数：1.00）A.needs enough proteins but no fat for us to maintain energyB.is balanced between carbohydrates, and proteins and fatsC.is low in carbohydrates and high in proteins and fatsD.contains equal amounts of carbohydrates and proteins(5).The main purpose of the passage is to （分数：1.00）A.promote more physical exerciseB.advocate a healthy dietC.describe the variety of carbohydratesD.explain how to live a healthy life五、Directions: In this (总题数：1，分数：5.00)One of the central principles of raising kids in America is that parents should be actively involved in their children's education: meeting with teachers, volunteering atschoolhelping with homework, and doing a hundred other things that few workingparents have time for. These obligations are so baked into American values that fewparents stop to ask whether they’re worth the effort. Until this January, few researchers did, either. In the largest-ever study of howparental involvement affects academic achievement, Keith Robinson and Angel L.Harris, two sociology professors at Duke, found that mostly it doesn’t. The researcherscombed through nearly three decades' worth of surveys of American parents and tracked63 different measures of parental participation in kids' academic lives, from helpingthem with homework, to talking with them about college plans. In an attempt to show whether the kids of more-involved parents improved over time, the researchers indexedthesemeasures to children's academic performance, including test scores in reading and math. What they found surprised them. Most measurable forms of parental involvement seem to yield few academic dividends for kids, or even to backfire(适得其反) -regardless of a parent's race, class, or level of education. Do you review your daughter's homework every night? Robinson and Harris's data show that this won’t help her score higher on standardized tests. Once kids enter middle school, parental help with homework can actually bring test scores down, an effect Robinson says could be caused by the fact that many parents may have forgotten, or never truly understood, the material their children learn in school. While Robinson and Harris largely disproved that assumption, they did find ahandful of habits that make a difference, such as reading aloud to young kids (fewerthan half of whom are read to daily) and talking with teenagers about college plans. Butthese interventions don't take place at school or in the presence of teachers, wherepolicymakers have the most influence - they take place at home. Comment 1: Basically the choice is whether one wants to let kids to be kids. Persistent parentalinvolvement and constantly communicating to the kids on what the parents wantconsciously or unconsciously would help the kids grow up or think like the parentssooner than otherwise. Comment 2: It also depends on the kid. Emotional and social maturityhave a lot to do withsuccess in college and in life. Some kids may have the brains and are bored by highschool, but that doesn't mean they are ready for college or the work place. Comment 3: The article doesn't clearly define "helping," but I understood it as actually assistingchildren in the exercises (e.g. helping them to solve a math problem) and/or reviewingtheir work for accuracy rather than simply making sure they've completed their work. Ithink the latter is more helpful than the former. I would also certainly hope that no studywould discourage parents from monitoring their children's performance!（分数：5.00）(1).The word "they" (Para. l) refers to . （分数：1.00）A.studiesB.principlesC.valuesD.obligations(2).What is the main conclusion of the Robinson and Harris’s study? （分数：1.00）A.The kids of more-involved parents improve over time.B.Parental involvement may not necessarily benefit children.C.Parental involvement works better with low-achievers.D.Schools should communicate with parents regularly.(3).Comment1 suggests that （分数：1.00）A.parents should leave their children aloneB.kids should be kids after allC.parents may influence children's thinkingD.persistent parental involvement is a must(4).The writer of Comment 2 would probably agree that（分数：1.00）A.high intelligence does not guarantee successB.getting ready for college is an emotional processC.social maturity is sufficient to achieve success in lifeD.high school is often boring in the U.S.(5).Which of the following parental helps will the writer of Comment 3 consider proper? （分数：1.00）A.Reviewing kids' homework for accuracy.B.Monitoring kids' class performance.C.Assisting kids in their exercises.D.Making sure kids have finished their work六、Part IV Cloze (10 po(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Ironically, a study finds that we’re awful gift-givers precisely because we spend too much time trying to be considerate.We imagine our friends 46 a gift that is impressive,expensive,and sentimental. We imagine the look of happinessand surprise on their faces and the warmth we feel.47 .But there’s something thatthe most sentimental-gift-givers tend not to think too much about:48 the gift is practical in the first place. 49 , practicality seems like an enemy of great gift giving. Beautiful jewelry, lovely watches, perfect rugs, finely crafted kitchen hardware: These things50great gifts because they communicate something beyond practicality. Theycommunicate that the giver cares. But do the receivers care? Often,no. "Gift receivers would be 51 ifgivers gave them exactly what they requested 52 . attemptingto be'thoughtful and considerate' by buying gifts they did not explicitly request" to surprisethem, the researchers write. Their clever paper asks givers and receivers to 53 gifts from two perspectives: desirability (e.g. the cost of a coffee maker) and feasibility(e.g. the 54 of the coffee maker).Across several experiments, theyfind that givers consistently give gifts based on desirability and receivers55 favor gifts based on feasibility . （分数：10.00）A.to openB.openingC.have openedD.openedA.in personB.in turnC.in placeD.in returnA.WhetherB.WhenC.WhyD.HowA.To be sureB.To sum upC.In many waysD.In many casesA.work outB.lead toC.make forD.take upA.happierB.more surprisedC.happyD.surprisedA.regardless ofB.rather thanC.as toD.but forA.decideB.classifyC.selectD.measureA.lookB.qualityC.neverthelessD.easeA.unexpectedlyB.whereasC.neverthelessD.continuously七、Part V Text Comple(总题数：3，分数：20.00)Text One A. accelerate B. otherwise C. between D.imitate Phrases: A. would be difficult to 56 B. from 57 its feathers C. enabling the bird to 58 D. it 59 could The emperor penguin traps air in its feathers. Not only does this insulate thebird against extreme cold but it also enables it to move two or three times fasterthan60How? Marine biologists have suggested that it does so byreleasing tiny air bubbles 61 .As these bubbles are released, the reduce friction on the surface of the penguin's wings, 62 . Interestingly, engineers have been studying ways to make ships go faster byusing bubbles to reduce friction against their hulls (船身 ) . However, researchersacknowledge that further investigation is challenging because "the complexity ofpenguin’s wings 63 （分数：8.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.Text Two A. beyond B. as well as C. sending Phrases: A. 64 the wages of average families B.65 young people to college C. 66 the reach ofmostAmericans A research group in Californiahas released a "national report cardon highereducation." The report says the price of college has increased more than four hundred percent since 1982. Costs have climbed much faster than other prices - 67 ．Thegroup warns that a continuation of these trends would put higher education 68 .And it would mean greater debt for those who do go to college. The reportalso expresses concern that the United States is losing its leadership in 69 . （分数：6.00）A.B.C.A.B.C.A.B.C.A.B.C.A.B.C.A.B.C.Text Three A. so B. hire them C. watching TV Phrases: A. and understandably 70 B. that could be spent 71 C. that the companies that72 want money Children are a special target of advertisers, 73 . Young people are shopping and spending more than ever before. Researchers suggest that children who are highly involved in consumer culture are more prone to childhood depression and anxiety and have worse relationships with their parents. They said: "You cannot totally protect your kids from advertising because it is everywhere. So you can explain to your kids that advertisers have an agenda and 74 . They don't have our best interests in mind." They also suggest that family should watch very little television. You can fill the time 75 with other activities, such as reading and playing games together.（分数：6.00）A.B.C.A.B.C.A.B.C.A.B.C.A.B.C.A.B.C.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2014年同等学力英语（卷一）真题及答案1.本考试分试卷一和试卷二两部分。
试卷一满分75分，考试时间为100分钟，9:00开始，10:40结束:试卷二满分25分，考试时间为50分钟，10:40开始，11:30结束。
2.请考生务必将本人姓名和考号填写在本页方框内。
3.请将试卷一答案用2B铅笔填涂在试卷一答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。
4.在答题卡上正确的填涂方法为:在代表答案的字母上划线，如[A] [B][C][D]。
5.监考员宣布试卷一考试结束后，请停止答试卷一，将试卷一和试卷一答题卡反扣在自己的桌面上，继续做试卷二。
监考员将到座位上收取试卷一和试卷一答题卡。
6.监考员收卷过程中，考生须配合监考员验收，并请监考员在准考证上签字(作为考生交卷的凭据)，否则，若发生答卷遗失，责任由考生自负。
Part I Oral Communication (10 points)Section ADirections:In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue hasthree blanks and three choices A,B and C, takenfrom the dialogue. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue andmark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Dialogue OneA. They had been in there for about 5 minutesB. It's theother man I'm talking aboutC. I thought you said there were three menBurney: There were two men, I think. No, three. They ran into the bank and the one with thegun，the tall one, he runs up to the window, and starts shouting something, I don't know, "Give me all your money" and the other one -Police officer:_____1______?Burney: No, there were two men and a girl. _____2_____the one carrying the suitcase,well, he goes up to the other guy -Police officer: The one with the gun?Burney: Yes, and he opens the suitcase and the cashier, well, she - well, all the otherpeople behind the window - they hand over piles of money and two men put it into the suitcase and they run out. It was l:35.________3______Dialogue TwoA. Ilike a goodstoryB. They still make movies like thatC. People today don't like thatSpeaker A: I like watching old l movies and I think they are the best.Speaker B: I agree with you, eventhough they're in black and white. I think a good story is more important than color.Speaker A: And there was no violence in old movies.Speaker B: No, there wasn't._______4_______Speaker A: They like lots of action.Speaker B:_____5______Speaker A:I like to see actors who are like real people.Speaker B:Like real people with real problems.Speaker A:___6____Speaker B: Yes, but they never make much money.Section BDirections: In this section there is one incomplete interview which hasfour blanks and four choices A, B, C and D, taken from the interview. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the interview and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.A. I do a lot of research on the Internet tooB. I document everythingC. Of course they mail their friends endlesslyD. I do a lot of my shopping on the net nowInterviewer:Ms. Chen, can you tell us which pieces of technology are important to you?Interviewee: Three things: my Sharp laptop; myiphone5; and my Olympus digital camera.____7____: the kids, art, buildings, clothes, scenes that catch myeye as I walk past.Interviewer:What do you use your computer for?Interviewee: Well, I send emails all the time. But I do a lot of my design work on screennow and I can send my ideas straight to directors and producers._____8______- there are some fantastic sites around now.Interviewer: Who uses the computer at home?Interviewee: The kids use the computer all the time at home._____9_____ - and on topof that they're always texting on their mobile phones! They play computergames when they think I or their father aren't looking! They don't likedoing homework, of course, but there are some really good revision siteson theInternet. _____10_____- 15 minutes for a whole supermarket"visit"! That feels really good.Part ⅡVocabulary (10 points)Directions: In this part there are ten sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B,Cand D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Mark your answer on theAnswer Sheet.11. Now and in the future, we will live as free people, not in fear and never at the mercy of any foreign powers.A. in the interest ofB. under the control ofC .for the sake of D. at the cost of12.Public acceptance of rabbit as an economical source of protein depends how aggressivelyproducers market it .A. vigorouslyB. effectivelyC. efficientlyD. rigorously13. Many New England communities do not permit the construction of a “modernist”building, lest it alter their overall architectural integrity.A. in case thatB. in spite thatC. for fear thatD. in order that14. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of what is conceived to be reality .A. imaginationB. impressionC. presentationD. expression15. Television commercial have been under constant scrutiny for the last few years.A. pressureB. reflectionC. examinationD. attack16. The mayor has spent ahandsome amount of time in his last tern working to bring down the tax rate .A. sufficientB. plentyC. considerableD. moderate17. His poor performance maybe attributed to the lack of motivation.A. caused byB. focused onC. taken forD. viewed as18. The new cut in interest rate is meant to promote domestic investment.A. encourageB. obtainC. publicizeD. advertise19. Conditions for the growth of this plant areoptimum in early summer.A. most acceptableB. most expressiveC. most favoriteD. most desirable20. She often says her greatest happinessconsists in helping the disadvantaged children.A. is proportionate toB. is composed ofC. lies inD. relies onPart III Reading Comprehension (25 points)Section ADirections: In this section, there arefourpassages followed by questions or unfinishedstatements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose thebest answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneOf all the lessons taught by the financial crisis, the most personal has been that Americans aren’t so good at money-management. We take out home loans we can'tafford.We run up sky-high credit-card debt. We don't save nearly enough forretirement.In response, supporters of financial-literacy education are moving with renewedenthusiasm. School districts in states such as New Jersey and Illinois are adding money-management courses to their curriculums . The Treasury and Education departments are sending lesson plans to high schools and encouraging students tocompete in the National Financial Capability Challenge that begins in March.Students with top scores on that exam will receive certificates -but chances for long-term benefits are slim. As it turns out, there is little evidence that traditional effortsto boost financial know-how help students make better decisions outside the classroom.Even as the financial-literacy movement has gained steam over the past decade, scores have been falling on tests that measure how well students learn about things such asbudgeting, credit cards, insurance and investments. A recent survey of college studentsconducted for the JumpStart Coalition for Personal Financial Literacy found thatstudents who'd had a personal-finance or money-management course in high schoolscored no better than those who hadn't."We need to figure out how to do this the right way,"says Lewis Mandell, aprofessor at the University of Washington who after 15 years of studyingfinancial-literacy programs has come to the conclusion that current methods don't work.A growing number of researchers and educators agree that a more radical approach isneeded. They advocate starting financial education a lot earlier than high school, puttingreal money and spending decisions into kids' hands and talking openly about theemotions and social influences tied to how we spend .Other initiatives are tacking such real-world issues as the commercial andsocial pressures that affect purchasing decisions.Why exactly do you want those expensive brand-name shoes so badly? "It takes confidence to take a stand and to thinkdifferently," saysJerooBillimoria ,founder of Aflatoun,a nonprofit whose curriculum, used in more than 30 countries ,aims to help kids get a leg up in their financial lives .”“This goes beyond money and savings"21. The financial-literacy education is intended to________.A. help Americans to overcome the financial crisisB. enable Americans to manage money wiselyC. increase Americans' awareness of the financial crisisD. renew Americans' enthusiasm about money-management22. According to the author, the National Financial Capability Challenge will be_______.A. well-receivedB. costlyC. rewardingD. ineffective23.Bysaying that "the financial-literacy movement has gained steam"(Para .3) ,theauthor means that the movement______.A.has gone through financial difficultiesB. has received much criticismC. has been regarded as imaginativeD. has been more and more popular24. Lewis Mandell suggests that we should figure out how to ________.A.help students scorebetter in money-management coursesB. improve the social awareness of financial educationC. carry out financial-literacy education properlyD. manage money in a more efficient way25. Jeroo Billimoria is most likely to agree thatcommercial and social pressures makeone's purchasing decisions________.A. difficultB.feasibleC. unwiseD. acceptablePassage TwoCheating is nothing new,But today,educators and administrators are finding thatinstances of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent -and are less likely to be punished - than in the past . Cheating appears to have gainedacceptance among good and poor students alike .Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows .Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today's youth. Others have attributedincreased cheating to the fact that today's youth are far more pragmatic(实用主义的)than their more idealistic predecessors.Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies，students were filled with visions about changing the world，today’s students feel greatpressure to conform and succeed. In interviews with students at high schools andcolleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had becomeeasy. Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if theywere caught, some said, would they feel guilty."People are competitive," said a second-yearcollege student named Anna, fromChicago. There's an underlying fear. If you don't do well, your life is going to be ruined.The pressure is not only form parents and friends but from oneself .To achieve .To succeed .It’s almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals,Edward Wynne , a magazine editor ,blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action .Dwight Huber ,chairman of the English department at Amarillo .sees the matterdifferently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated. "I wouldcheat if I felt I was being cheated," Mr. Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers gives short-answer testsrather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can put information together,students will try to beat the system. "The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong withthe individual who are doing it," he said. "That's too easy an answer. We've got to start looking at the system."26. Educators are finding that students who cheat_______.A. are not only those academically weakB. tend to be dishonest in later yearsC.are more likely to be punished than beforeD. have poor academic records27. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. Reform in the testing system will eliminate cheating.B. Punishment is an effective method to stop cheating . .C. Students' cheating has deep social roots.D. Students do not cheat on essay tests.28. Which of the following points of view would Mr. Huberagree with ?A. Cheating would be reduced through an educational reform.B. Students who cheat should be expelled from school.C. Punishment for cheaters should be severe in this country.D. Parents must take responsibility for the rise in cheating.29. The expression "the individuals" (the last paragraph) refers to ________A. school administratorsB. students who cheatC. parentsD. teachers30. The passage mainly discusses_______A: ways to eliminate academic dishonestyB: factors leading to academic dishonestyC: the decline of moral standards of today's youthD: people's tolerance of students' cheatingPassage ThreeLast week, I read a story about a 34-year-old British woman who is extremely afraid of metal forks. She's been using plastic ones for 17 years because the sound of a fork rubbing against a plate g:ives her a panic attack.Strange, right? But she's not alone. While popular phobias(恐惧症) about snakes and spiders might get all of the attention, there are a wide variety ofnot-so-obvious horrors that make people nervous.While some phobias might seem a bit silly, they can cause serious emotional distress. My co-worker Magda is terrified of pigeons, a phobia that is taking over her life. She won't walk in certain parts of the city and runs screaming from thesubway when one of these "rats with wings" finds its way onto the platform. Another friend isdisgusted with cheese. Once I saw her run away from a slice of it. So where does anirrational fear of cheese come from?Are phobias something we inherit from our genes or do we acquire these unusualanxieties over time?Ever since I can remember I have been unreasonably frightened of elevators. Therewas no terrible childhood experience and I am fine with confined spaces, but something about elevators makes me nervous. And so, when my boyfriend and I found ourselvestrapped in an elevator last year - because these sorts of things always happen eventually- I was anticipating the worst.While he gave me a suggestive eyebrow raise and proposed we "take advantage ofthe situation," I began screaming uncontrollably. I was far from turned on by the wholefacing my worst nightmare thing.However, after the fear subsided(消退)I realized that, yes, this was my greatest fear come true, and yet - it wasn't all that bad. Nervous and inconvenient maybe, butterrifying? Not so much.Liberating yourself from a deep-seated phobia can be a long and difficult process,but sometimes it can be as simple as confronting it head on.31. The 34-year-old British woman is extremelyafraid of metal forks becauseA.she has never used them beforeB.she has been injured by them beforeC.she couldn't bear their sound on plateD.she is afraid that they may hurt her32. The phrase "rats with wings" (Para. 3) refers to______A. strange birdsB. pigeonsC.devilsD. exotic rats33. The author's fear of elevators is the result of_______A. her phobia for no reasonB. her nervousness of being aloneC. her dislike of being in closed spacesD. her terrible experience34. After the fear subsided, the author realized that______A. her boyfriend's help was importantB. she could have had a good time with her boyfriendC. an elevator ride could be excitingD. it was not as horrible as she had thought35. The purpose for the author to share her experience is to_______A. illustrate conquering a fear can be difficultB. encourage people to overcome their fearsC. introduce what strange fears people haveD. explain why people have strange fearsPassage FourThe American public's obsession with dieting has led to one of the most dangeroushealth misconceptions of all times. Many television ads, movies, magazine articles, anddiet-food product labels would have consumers believe that carbohydrates (碳水化合物) are bad for the human body and that those who eat them will quickly becomeoverweight. We are advised to avoid foods such as potatoes, rice and white bread andopt for meats and vegetables instead. Some companies promote this idea to encourageconsumers to buy their "carb-free" food products. But the truth is, the human bodyneeds carbohydrates to function properly, and a body that relies on carbohydrates but isexhausted of thisdietary element is not in good shape after all.Most foods that we consume on a daily basis like potatoes and rice are loaded withcarbohydrates. Contrary to popular belief, carbohydrates have many health benefitssome fight diseases such as high blood pressure and heart disease, and others help toprevent cancer and stroke. Cutting these foods out of your diet may deprive your bodyof the many health benefits of carbohydrates.One of the best benefits of carbohydrates is their ability to help to maintain the health of our organs, tissues, and cells. Scientific studies have shown that one type of carbohydrate called fiber reduces the risk of heart disease. Carbohydrates also containantioxidants (抗氧化剂) , which protect the body's cells from harmful particles with thepotential to cause cancer.This does not mean that the human body can survive on a diet composed entirely ofcarbohydrates. We also need certain percentages of proteins and fats to maintain healthybodies. But carbohydrates certainly should not be avoided altogether. In fact, the foodpyramid, the recommended basis of a healthy diet, shows that a person should consumesix to eleven servings of breads and grains, as well as three to four servings each offruits and vegetables - allcarbohydrate-containing foods. It is easy to see why cuttingcarbohydrates out of a person's diet is not a good idea.The only way to know what is truly healthy for your own body is to talk to a nutritionist or dietician, who can help you choose foods that are right for you as well asguide you toward a proper exercise program forweight loss, or muscle gain. Theseprofessionals will never tell you to cut out carbohydrates entirely! The bottom line:listen to the experts, not the advertisers!36. As is used in Paragraph l, the word "exhausted" most possibly means______A. derivedB. deprivedC. startledD. starving37. According to the author, advertisers who sell “carb-free” products_______A. offer healthy optionsB. are responsible for obesityC. are not telling the truthD. value consumers' well-being38. Which of the following is NOT one of the health benefits of carbohydrates?A. Prevention of fiber reduction.B. Prevention of heart disease.C. Prevention of stroke.D. Prevention of cancer.39. It can be inferred from the passage that a healthy diet .A. needs enough proteins but no fat for us to maintain energyB. is balanced between carbohydrates, and proteins and fatsC. is low in carbohydrates and high in proteins and fatsD. contains equal amounts of carbohydrates and proteins40. The main purpose of the passage is toA. promote more physical exerciseB. advocate a healthy dietC. describe the variety of carbohydratesD. explain how to live a healthy lifeSection BDirections: In this section, you are required to read one quoted blog and the commentson it. The blog and comments are followed by questions or unfinishedstatements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose thebest answer and mark your answer onthe Answer SheetOne of the central principles of raising kids in America is that parents should be actively involved in their children's education: meeting with teachers, volunteering atschoolhelping with homework, and doing a hundred other things that fewworkingparents have time for. These obligations are so baked into American values that fewparents sto p to ask whether they’re worth the effort.Until this January, few researchers did, either. In the largest-ever study of howparental involvement affects academic achievement, Keith Robinson and Angel L.Harris, two sociology professors at Duke, found that mostly it doesn’t. The researcherscombed through nearly three decades' worth of surveys of American parents and tracked63 different measures of parental participation in kids' academic lives, from helpingthem with homework, to talking with them about college plans. In an attempt to show whether the kids of more-involved parents improved over time, the researchers indexedthese measures to children's academic performance, including test scores in reading and math.What they found surprised them. Most measurable forms of parental involvement seem to yield few academic dividends for kids, or even to backfire(适得其反) -regardless of a parent's race, class, or level of education.Do you review your daughter's homework every night? Robinson and Harris's data show that this won’t help her score higher on standardized tests. Once kids enter middle school, parental help with homework can actually bring test scores down, an effect Robinson says could be caused by the fact that many parents may have forgotten, or never truly understood, the material their children learn in school.While Robinson and Harris largely disproved that assumption, they did find ahandful of habits that make a difference, such as reading aloud to young kids (fewerthan half of whom are read to daily) and talking with teenagers about college plans. Butthese interventions don't take place at school or in the presence of teachers, wherepolicymakers have the most influence - they take place at home.Directions: In this section, you are required to read one quoted blog and the commentson it. The blog and comments are followed by questions or unfinishedstatements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose thebest answer and mark your answer onthe Answer SheetOne of the central principles of raising kids in America is that parents should be actively involved in their children's education: meeting with teachers, volunteering atschoolhelping with homework, and doing a hundred other things that few workingparents have time for. These obligations are so baked into American values that fewparents stop to ask whether they’re worth the effort.Until this January, few researchers did, either. In the largest-ever study of howparental involvement affects academic achievement, Keith Robinson and Angel L.Harris, two sociology professors at Duke, found that mostly it doesn’t. The researcherscombed through nearly three decades' worth of surveys of American parents and tracked63 different measures of parental participation in kids' academic lives, from helpingthem with homework, to talking with them aboutcollege plans. In an attempt to show whether the kids of more-involved parents improved over time, the researchers indexedthese measures to children's academic performance, including test scores in reading and math.What they found surprised them. Most measurable forms of parental involvement seem to yield few academic dividends for kids, or even to backfire(适得其反) -regardless of a parent's race, class, or level of education.Do you review your daughter's homework every night? Robinson and Harris's data show that this won’t help her score higher on standardized tests. Once kids enter middle school, parental help with homework can actually bring test scores down, an effect Robinson says could be caused by the fact that many parents may have forgotten, or never truly understood, the material their children learn in school.While Robinson and Harris largely disproved that assumption, they did find ahandful of habits that make a difference, such as reading aloud to young kids (fewerthan half of whom are read to daily) and talking with teenagers about college plans. Butthese interventions don't take place at school or in the presence of teachers, wherepolicymakers have the most influence - they take place at home.43. Comment1 suggests thatA. parents should leave their children aloneB. kids should be kids after allC. parents may influence children's thinkingD. persistent parental involvement is a must44. The writer of Comment 2 would probably agree thatA. high intelligence does not guarantee successB. getting ready for college is an emotional processC. social maturity is sufficient to achieve success in lifeD. high school is often boring in the U.S.45. Which of the following parental helps will the writer of Comment 3 consider proper?A. Reviewing kids' homework for accuracy.B. Monitoring kids' class performance.C. Assisting kids in their exercises.D. Making sure kids have finished their workPart IV Cloze (10 points)Directions: In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks. For each blank thereare four choices marked, A, B, C,and D.Choose the bestanswerfor each blankand mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Ironically, a study finds that we’re awful gift-givers precisely because we spend too much time trying to be considerate.We imagine our friends 46 a gift that is impressive,expensive,and sentimental. We imagine the look of happinessand surprise on their faces and the warmth we feel. 47 .But there’s somet hing thatthe most sentimental-gift-givers tend not to think too much about: 48 the gift is practical in the first place.49 , practicality seems like an enemy of great gift giving. Beautiful jewelry, lovely watches, perfect rugs, finely crafted kitchen hardware: These things50great gifts because they communicate something beyond practicality. Theycommunicate that the giver cares.But do the receivers care? Often,no. "Gift receivers would be 51 ifgivers gave them exactly what they requested 52 . attemptingto be'thoughtful and considerate' by buying gifts they did not explicitly request" to surprisethem, the researchers write. Their clever paper asks givers and receivers to 53 gifts from two perspectives: desirability (e.g. the cost of a coffee maker) and feasibility(e.g. the 54 of the coffee maker).Across several experiments, theyfind that givers consistently give gifts based on desirability and receivers 55 favor gifts based on feasibility .46.A. to open B. opening C. have opened D. opened47. A. in person B. in turn C. in place D. in return48. A. Whether B. When C. Why D. How49. A. To be sure B. To sum up C. In many ways D. In many cases50.A. work out B. lead to C. make for D. take up51.A.happier B. more surprised C. happy D. surprised52.A.regardless of B. rather than C. as toD.but for53.A. decide B. classify C. select D. measure54.A. look B. quality C. nevertheless D. ease55.A. unexpectedly B. whereas C. nevertheless D. continuouslyPart V Text Completion (20 points)Directions: In this part, there are three incomplete texts with 20questions(Rangingfrom 56 to75).Above each text there are three or four phrases to becompleted. First, usethe choices provided in the box to complete thephrases. Second, use thecompleted phrasesto fill in the blanks of the text. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Text OneA. accelerateB. otherwiseC. betweenD.imitatePhrases:A. would be difficult to 56B. from 57 its feathersC. enabling the bird to 58D. it 59 couldThe emperor penguin traps air in its feathers. Not only does this insulate thebird against extreme cold but it also enables it to move two or three times fasterthan60How? Marine biologists have suggested that it does so byreleasing tiny air bubbles 61 .As these bubbles are released, the reduce friction on the surface of the penguin's wings, 62 .Interestingly, engineers have been studying ways to make ships go faster byusing bubbles to reduce friction against their hulls (船身) . However, researchersacknowledge that further investigation is challenging because "the complexity ofpenguin’s wings 63。