【试卷】雅思4英语听力test1section3
剑4听力原文
test1_section1M: Good morning!W: Good morning! How can I help you?M: I understand that the school organizes … umm, trips to different…W:Yes. We run five every month, three during weekends and two Wednesday afternoon trips.M: What sort of places?W: Well. Obviously, it varies, but always places of historical interest and also which offers a variety of shopping, because our students always ask about that. And then we go for ones where we know there are guided tours because this gives a good focus for the visit.M: Do you travel far?W: Well, we are lucky here obviously because we are able to say that all our visits are less than three hours drive.M: How much do they cost?W: Again it varies, between 5 and 15 pounds a head, depending on distance.M: Ah haW: Oh and we do offer to arrange special trips if, you know, there are more than 12 people.M: Oh right. I’ll keep that in mind. And what are the times normally?W: We try to keep it pretty fixed so that the students get to know the pattern. We leave at 8.30 a.m. and return at 6 p.m. We figure it’s best to keep the day fairly short.M: Oh yes and then how do we reserve a place?W: You sign your name on the notice board. Do you know where it is?M: Ah ha. I saw it this morning.W:And we do ask that you sign up three days in advance so we know we’ve got enough people interested to run it and we can cancel if necessary with full refund of course.M: That’s fine. Thanks.M: And what visit sub plan for this term?W:Right. Well. I’m afraid the schedule hasn’t been printed out yet. But we have confirmed the dates and planed the optional extra visits, which you can also book in advance if you want to.M: Oh that’s all right. And if you can just give some ideas of the weekend ones so I can, you know, work out then to see friends and such I…W: Oh sure. Well, err the first one is St. Ives. That’s on the 13th of February and we will have only 16 places available because we’re going by mini bus. And that’s the day in town with the optional extra of visiting the Hepworth Museum.M: All right. Yes ah. That sounds good.W: And then there’s a London trip on the 16th of February. And we will be taking a medium size coach so there will be 45 places on that. And let’s see the optional extra is the Tower of London.M: Oh, I’ve already been there.W: Yam. After that is Bristol on the 3rd of March.M: Where?W: Bristol. B-R-I-S-T-O-L.M: Okay.W: That’s in a different mini bus with 18 places available. Oh and the optional extra is visit to the S.S. Great Britain.M: Okay.W: We’re going to Salisbury on the 18th of March. And that’s always the popular one because the optional extra is Stonehenge. So we’re taking the large coach with 50 seats. M: Oh good.W: And then the last one is to Bath on the 23rd of March.M: Oh yes, is Bath the Roman city?W: Yes, that’s right. And that’s in the 16 seats mini bus.M: And where’s the optional visit?W: It’s to the American Museum, well worth visit.M: Okay, that’s great. And thanks all that.W: My pleasure. Oh by the way, if you want more information about any of the trips, have a look in the student newspaper.M: Ok.W: Or have a word with my assistant. Her name is Jane Yentob. That’s Y-E-N-T-O-B. M: All right. I’ve got that. Thank you very much for all your help.W: You’re welcome. I hope you’ll enjoy the trips.test1_section2Good afternoon everybody and welcome to Riverside Industrial Village. To start your visit, I'm just going to give you a brief account of the history of the museum before letting you roam about on your own. I won't keep you long. OK?Now from where we're standing you've got a good view of the river over there. And it was because of this fast flowing water that this site was a natural place for manufacturing works. The water and the availability of raw materials in the area, like minerals and iron ore, and also the abundance of local fuels, like coal and firewood, all made this site suitable for industry from a very early time.Water was the main source of power for the early industries and some of the water wells were first established in the twelfth century, would you believe? At that time, local craftsmen first built an iron forge just behind the village here on the bank near the river. By the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the region's rivers supported more than 160 water mills and many of these continued to operate well into the nineteenth century. But then the steam engine was invented and then the railways came and the centres of industry were able to move away from the rivers and the countryside and into the towns. So industrial villages like this one became very rare.So that's the history for you. If you'd like any more information, you can ask me some questions, or you can read further in our excellent guidebook.Now I’m going to give you a plan of the site and I’d just like to point out where everything is and then you can take a look at everything for yourself. I’ve already pointed out the river, which is on the left. And of course running along the bottom is Woodside Road. Got it? Ok, now, we are standing at the entrance. See at the bottom, and immediately to our right is the ticket office. You won’t need that because you’ve got your group booking, but just pass it are the toilets, always could to know where they are. In front of us is the car park as you can see. And to the left by the entry gate is the gift shop that is where you can get copies of the guide like this one here. Now beyond the car park, all the buildings are arranged in a half circle with a yard in the middle. The big stone building at the top is the main workshop. That’s where the firm is and where all the metal was melted and tools were cut as you will be able to see. Now in the top right hand corner, that building with bigger windows is the show room where samples of all the tools that were made through the ages were on display. In the top left corner is the grinding shop where the tools were sharpened and finished. And on one side of that you can see the engine room and on the other is the café, which isn’t too antique you would be pleased to know though they do serve very nice old fashion teas. The lower buildings you can see on the left are the cottages. These were built for the works towards the end of the eighteenth century and they are still furnished from that period so you can get a good idea of ordinary people living conditions. Across the yard from them, you can see the Stables where the horses were kept for transporting the products. And the separate building in front of them is the Works Office and that still has some of the old accounts on display. Right. If any one wants a guided tour, then I am starting atthe engine room. If you’d like to, come along this way please, ladies and gentlemen. test1_section3W: Excuse me, Dr. Johnson. May I speak to you for a minute?M: Sure. Come in.W: I’m Melanie Griffin. I’m taking your course in population studies.M: Right, so, well, Melanie, how can I help you?W: I’m having a bit trouble with the second assignment and it’s due in 12 days.M: What’s the sort of trouble are you having? Is the assignment question a problem? W: Well, that’s part of the problem. I’m also having… been having trouble getting hold of the books. I’ve been to the library several times and all the books were out.M: It sounds like you should start borrowing the books a bit earlier.W: Well I have really a big assignment due for another course and I have been spending all my time on that and I thought…M: And you might get an extension of time to finish your assignment for me?W: If that’s possible. But I don’t know…M:Well. Yes it’s possible. But extensions are normally given only for medical or compassionate reasons. Otherwise, that’s really a question of organizing your study and we don’t like giving an extension to a student who simply didn’t plan the work properly. What did you get for your first assignment?W: I got 87 percent.M: Umm. Yes, you did very well indeed. So obviously you can produce good work. W: I don’t think I need too much extra time, as long as I can get hold of some importantreferences.M: Well, since you did so well in your first assignment, I’m prepared to give you an extra two weeks for this one. So, that will mean you need to submit it about a month from now.W: Oh thank you.M: Now what about the reading materials? So you check out the journal articles in the list?W: Oh, no, not yet. There were about twenty of them I wasn’t sure which ones should be most useful or all important.M: Well they’re all useful, but I don’t expect anyone to read them all because a number of them deal with the same issues. And let me give you some suggestions. The article by Anderson and Hawker is really worth reading.W: Right. I’ll read that one.M: You should also read the article by Jackson but just look at the part at the research methodology how they did it.W: Ok, Jackson, I got that.M: And if you have time the one by Roberts says very a lot of things although it’s not essential.W: Ok. If it’s useful I’ll try with that one.M: Now the one by Morris. I wouldn’t borrow with that at this stage if I were you.W:Ok, I won’t borrow with Morris. Oh now, someone told me that the article by Cooper is important.M: Oh yes, but just look at the last part where it discusses the research result.W: And last there’s Forster. I can’t think why I included that one. That’s not bad and could be some help but not that much.M: Now let’s deal with the assignment question. What’s the problem there?W: It’s graph from page 2.M: It seems to be the problem is just about the bar graph showing reasons why peoples change where they live.W: Well I’ve got a photocopy but the reasons at the bottom are missing.M: Ok. Look at the first bar on the graph. Now that indicates the number of people who move because they want more space.W: Oh, I see. Bar one. Ok, now what’s about the next bar?M: Bar two is to do with the people who live nearby disturbing them so they chose to move away to somewhere quieter. Now let’s look at bar No.3. Another reason people change their places of living is because they want to be closer to the city.W: Ok. Proximity to the city is the issue.M:Now bar No.4 refers to problems when the owner of the property won’t help fix things go wrong. In other words, the owner is not helpful and so the tenants move out. W: Ok, now what about Bar 5.M: Bar 5 is about those people who move because they need a bus or train to get among the city or to go to work.W: Ok, and Bar 6?M: Bar No.6 is mid-resting. That reason was given quite a lot. People move in becausethey wanted to be in a more attractive neighbourhood.W: Oh yes. Thank you very much.test1_section4Good day, ladies and gentlemen. I've been asked today to talk to you about the urban landscape. There're two major areas that I'll focus on in my talk: how vegetation can have a significant effect on urban climate and how we can better plan our cities using trees to provide a more comfortable environment for us to living.Trees can have a significant impact on our cities. They can make our cities, as a whole, a bit less windy or a bit more windy as that what you want. They can make it a bit cooler if it's a hot summer day in an Australian city or they can make it a bit more humid if it's a dry inland city. On the local scale, that is a particular area within the city, trees can make the local area more shady, cooler, more humid and much less windy. In fact, trees and plantings of various of kinds can be used to make city streets actually less dangerous in particular areas.How do trees do that, you'll ask? Well, the main difference between a tree and a building is a tree has got an internal mechanism to keep the temperature regulated. It evaporates water through its leaves. And that means the temperature of the leaves is never very far from our own body temperature. The temperature of a building surface on a hot sunny day can easily be 20 degrees more than our temperature. Trees, on the other hand, remain cooler than buildings because they sweat. This means they canhumidify the air and cool it, a property which can be exploited to improve the local climate.Trees can also help break the force of the winds. The reason that high buildings may keep windier at ground level is that as the wind goes higher and higher, it goes faster and faster. When the wind hits the building, it has to go somewhere. Some of it goes over the top and some goes around the sides of the building, forcing those high level winds down to ground level. That doesn't happen when you have trees. Trees filter the wind and considerably reduce it preventing those very large strong gusts that you so often find around tall buildings.Another problem in built-up areas is the traffic noise is intensified by tall buildings. By planting a belt of trees at the side of the road, you can make things a little quieter but much of the vehicle noise still goes through the trees. Trees can also help reduce the amount of noise in the surroundings, although the effect is not as large as people would like to think. Low frequency noise, in particular, just goes through the trees as that they aren't there.Although trees can significantly improve the local climate, they do, however, take up a lot of space. There're route system to consider and branches blocking the windows and so on. It may therefore be difficult to fit trees into the local landscape. There's not a great deal you can do if you have what we call a street canyon, a whole set of high-risesenclosed in the narrow street. Trees need water to grow. They also need some sunlight to grow and you need room to put them. If you have the chance of knocking buildings down and replacing them, then suddenly you can start looking at different ways to design the streets and to introduce...(End)test2_section1W: Oh, Peter, there you're. It's been ages. What catches so long?M: Sorry, I'm so late, Sally. Have you been waiting long?W:Half an hour. But it doesn't matter. I had a coffee and I had been reading this guidebook for tourists. Sit down.M: Umm.W: You look very hot and tired. What would you like to drink?M: I'd love really chill mineral water or something. Would you have another coffee? W:Yes, I'll. The waitress will be back in a moment. Why are you so late. Did something happen?M: Yes. You know I went to the bank to cash something traveller's cheques. Well the exchange rate was looking very healthy but I went to the teller they told me that the computer system was temporarily down. So they couldn't do any transactions. They said the problem would be fixed in a few minutes so I waited. And then I started talking to another guy in the bank and I forgot the time.W: Oh, really? Someone you met in the bank. Does he work there?M: No, he was a tourist, from NY. His name is Henry. And he's been here for a week, but he's moving on to Germany tomorrow. He's an architect and he's spending fourweeks travelling along Europe.W: Just like us?M: Yes, just like us. He told me the names of some places where we should eat. Great food and not too expensive, he said. Oh, and he also gave me this map of the buses to me, he said he didn't need it anymore.W: That's useful. But he's moving on tomorrow. Yes, here's the waitress. Let's order. Do you want something to eat? Or should we just have a drink?M: Well. I'm hungry. And we've got a lot of sightseeing to do. So let's just have a snack and drink.W: It sounds good to me.M:Well. Let's decide what we'll see today. I guess the best place to start is the Cathedral and then the Castle. What're the opening times for those two?W:Well, according to this guidebook, the Cathedral is only open from 9.30 in the morning until midday. (Ah...) No, hang on. That's the Cathedral Museum. (Oh!) The Cathedral itself is open morning and afternoon. The Castle is just open from 1 to 5 so we can't go there until after lunch. I really want to spend some time on the Art Gallery because they've got this wonderful painting by Rembrandt（倫伯朗）that I always want to see.M: What else should we see?W: Well the guidebook says the Botanical Gardens worth spending some time in. And there're open all day from 8 to 6 so we go there anytime. (En...) I'd like to go to the markets near the river too. But ... Oh no way, that's only in the mornings too.M: As well as today and tomorrow, we can see some other places on Monday you know. But I don't think the markets will be open then. They only open on Thursdays. So we miss them for this week. Maybe we can go to the Cathedral today because it's Sunday tomorrow. And even though it's open every day it might be difficult to get in tomorrow because the chair services.W: That is true. But the Art Gallery isn't open on Sundays at all. So we'll have to go there today. (En) The Castle is open every day except Monday. So it'll okay there. And the Gardens of course is only closed at night.M: Are all these places free? Or do we have to pay to go in? What does the guidebook say?W: I think there's a charge for all of them except the Botanical Gardens. Oh and the markets. Of course you don't pay to go in.M: Okay, well, let's have a look at our plan at this. We'll go to see the painting, you like first, that the Rembrandt, then have lunch then we go on to the Castle after that and then the Cathedral.W: Okay. It says here that the roof of the Cathedral is really beautiful.M: Is that right? But I really want to do with the Cathedral is climb the tower. The view is supposed to be spectaculous!W: Okay well that'll be more than enough today. And tomorrow let's go to the Botanical Gardens and have a picnic. (En!) I want to sit by the river and watch the swans. The city's famous for them.test2_section2So the Counselling Services we are for dealing with any problems arising from your studies or in your life outside the university.Let's take academic counselling. If you confuse about subjects or how to combine them of your degree, we can advise you and discuss the career you are aiming for, so that you can see it all in context. We can also chase up your tutor if you're not getting proper feedback on how you will be getting on your subjects.Besides help with academic problems, you may also need personal counselling. If you think you're already under stress, well, just wait to classes begin next week, you'll have to start adjusting to teaching and learning methods that may be unfamiliar to you as well as the mounting pressures the deadline for that first assignment creates upon you.And of course you'll have to cope with all these without your usual social network, you know, the social contacts, family and friends, you can normally rely on for help. All of this causes anxiety. Studying overseas can trigger a personal crisis. You may have left a lot of or you might call unfinished business back in your own country. Or you may have interrupted personal relationships or even sometimes broken them off to come overseas. And so students often feel so lonely, unhappy, unmotivated and unable to concentrate on study. Or there may be other things bothering you. Our resident chapel can offer you spiritual guidance if that what you want or we can put you in touch with community groups that can provide you with social contacts and friendship.What about exam stress? It effects nearly every one to some extent, but especially oversea students like yourselves. There may be a huge amount of family pressure on you to succeed. And if you fail a subject or drop off a course because it's too difficult, then your self-esteem can suffer, but it's not the end of the world if you don't pass an exam. I had a reset first year anthropology so I can certainly offer you a sympathetic hear. Anyway, exam failure can lead varying changes in the way you normally behave.You may also be off your food or you may have dietary problems because the local food is not to your liking and upset you and this can affect your health and studies. Glenda Roberts is our dietician in the health service and we can put you onto her.And we all have money problems, don't we? But remember full-time students can get a low interest loan of up to 600 dollars to buy books and for similar study related expenses. That's right. And you can get a double that amount if you can't afford an item or equipment you need for your course, so, musical instrument for example. That doesn't stop there. When you move into a flat, starting-up expenses including furniture afford can be covered by a loan through the welfare service. See Jill Freeman for details.Can we help you? Well last academic year in spite of staff cuts, we counselled 240 international students for a total of 2600 hours' counselling. And finally we won all the just one of the twelve appeals that we launched on behaves of the students. Not too badfor an understaff service, don't you think? That's all for me. Thank you.test2_section3W:Oh, there you are, good. Sorry I'm a bit late. There was a long queue. So have you work out how to do with the assignment then?M1:Not yet. We've been here only a couple of minutes ourselves.W: Can you just remind me what the task is exactly?M2: Well there're two, err, no, three parts to it. The first we have got to write an essay about ways of collecting data, then...W: What's the title of the essay exactly?M1: I've got a here. Assess the two main methods of collecting data in social science research.W: And how much do we need to write?M1: 1500 words. That's the essay. Then for the second part of this assignment we have to choose one method of data collection and carry out a small-scale study making appropriate use of the method chosen to get data from at least 5 subjects.W: And then we have to write a report on the study?M2: That's right. It's three to four thousands words.W: Did you get as far as discussing which form of data collection we should go for? Questionnaire or interview, isn't it?M1:Yes, I think we should do a questionnaire. That would be so much less time consuming than organizing interviews, I recommend. Once we've agreed on the wording we only have to send it out and wait for the responses.W: Yes...I think it probably would be quicker. But what that are the article gave us last week say about the quality of data from questionnaires？M1:I'm pretty sure recommended questionnaires are source of highly reliable data as long as you design the questionnaire properly in the first place the data will be fine. W:No. I'm sure it talks about drawbacks as well, doesn't it, something about the response rate and the problems you get if it is too low.M1: Yes, but we only need data from 5 subjects, anyway.W: Oh, I suppose so. Another drawback I remember it mentions was that questionnaire data tends not to reveal anything unexpected because it is limited to the questions fixed in advance by the researcher.M1: Come on, Rose. This is only a practice. It seems not a real research, is it?W: Well, I'm sure about that.W:Maybe I'll be back through the article again. Just to be sure. Can you remember what was called?M: Sample surveys and social science research, I think, by Mehta.W: M-E-H-T-A?M: Yep. And he also recommended a more reasonable called Survey research by Belle, I think. It's an art series published by London University.M2: And if we try to use interviews instead I saw a book in the departmental library that will be helpful for this it is called Interviews that work by Wilson published in Oxford in 1988.W: Right. Oh, I have got a tutorial now. Can we meet up again later this week. Whatabout Friday morning?M: Suits me. 11 o'clock?W: Fine.M: Before Friday, I think we should all look though the reading list.test2_section4So far, in these lectures, we've been looking at crimes like robbery and murder, both from historical view of point and also in contemporary society. And we've seen the preoccupation of western societies with crime and with lawlessness is a pile of long and continuous tradition rather than something which is null and unique to modern society.But over the past 70 years or so, there's been a massive increase in one type of crime which was what's known as corporate crime. Corporate crime is crime which as the name suggests, is connected with companies, with business organizations. It includes illegal acts leader, individuals or a group within a company. But what is important is that these actors normally in accordance with the goals of the company. They're for the good of the company rather than the individual. It's been defined as, quote, crime which is committed for the corporate organization, the company, not against it, unquote. So crimes like theft by employees, things like... err... embezzlement or fraud against one's actual employer are excluded, according to this definition. The employees maybe involve but they're acting in the first place for the company. They may not even realize that they commit a crime, or they may realize but they feel it's excusable because it's policy, or because otherwise they may lose their jobs. So here we're really talking aboutthe links between power and crime.Now this is one area that much less generally known about the conventional or traditional crime. It's been relatively ignored by the mass media. For example, it tends to be underreported in comparison with conventional crime in news broadcasts and in crime series of films and so on. They very rarely deal with corporate crime. And it also tends to be ignored in academic circles, as being far more research on conventional crime and far more data is available.There're several reasons for this lack of interest in corporate crime compared with other types of crime. It's often very complex, whereas conventional crime, it's usually possible to follow what's going on without specialist knowledge. As well as this, whereas conventional crime has a lot of human interest, corporate crime often has much less. The third reason, and possibly the most significant one, is that very often that victims are unaware. They think their misfortune is an accident, or that is the fault of no one in particular. They're unaware that they've been victims of a crime.So when we look at the effects of corporate crime, we may find it's very difficult to assess the costs, but these costs can be very considerable in both their economic and social aspects.Let's look at the economic costs first. For example, if a company is producing fruit juice,and it dilutes its product, so that's just a little below the concentration it should be, many millions of people may be paying a small amount of extra for their carrot orange juice. Now some amounts like this may seem insignificant for individual customers, too small to worry about. But for the company, this deception might result in massive illegal profit. However all our studies of corporate crime agree that the individuals are in fact deprived of far more money by such crime than they're by conventional crime like robbery and theft.In addition to this we have to consider the social costs of corporate crime. And these are again very difficult to assess but they're considerable. They're important because they can undermine the faith of the public in the business world. And also, more importantly, because the main group of people they're in fact effected not the richer section of the society but the poorer. So here, companies are robbing the poorer then benefit the rich.There're two more points to do with corporate crime. Then I'd like to illustrate with the reference to a pacific event which occurred several years ago. This was an explosion of a large oil tanker which cost the loss of more than fifty lives of the crew. It was an explosion which never should have happened and the subsequent inquiry laid the blame not on anyone who's actually been on the tanker at the time but on the owners of the tanker. They had deliberately decided not to carry out necessary repair work on the tanker as it was due to be sold. And it was this lack of repair work which was directly responsible for the explosion.。
雅思4英语作文test1答案
雅思4英语作文test1答案In the IELTS writing test, candidates are often required to provide well-rounded arguments and perspectives on a given topic. This not only demonstrates their ability to express themselves effectively in English but also showcasestheir critical thinking skills. One such topic that may be presented in the test is the impact of technology on society. Technology has undoubtedlyrevolutionized the way we live, work, and communicate. From the advent of the internet to the rise of smartphones, technology has made our lives more convenient and connected than ever before. It has transformed industries, creating new opportunities for growth and innovation. However, this rapid advancement in technology has also raised concerns about its impact on society. One of the main concerns surrounding technology is its potential to isolate individuals and erode face-to-face communication. With the rise of social media and messaging apps, people are spending more time interacting online than in person. This can lead to feelings of loneliness and disconnection, as genuine human connections are often sacrificed for the sake of convenience. Additionally, the constant bombardment of information and notifications from technology can be overwhelming, leading to increased stress and anxiety. Furthermore, the widespread use of technology has also raised privacy and security concerns. With the amount of personal data being collected and shared online, individuals are at risk of having their privacy violated. Cybersecurity threats are on the rise, with hackers targeting sensitive information for malicious purposes. This can have serious consequences, such as identity theft and financial fraud, highlighting the need for stronger measures to protect personal data in the digital age. On the other hand, technology has also brought about positive changes in society. It has improved access to education and information, allowing people to learn and grow in ways that were not possible before. Online learning platforms have made education more accessible to individuals around the world, breaking down barriers to entry and promoting lifelong learning. Technology has also revolutionized healthcare, enabling remote consultations and the development of innovative medical treatments. Moreover, technology has played a crucial role in driving economic growth and creating new job opportunities. The digital economy has opened up a wide range of career pathsin fields such as software development, data analysis, and digital marketing. This has empowered individuals to pursue their passions and achieve financial independence, contributing to overall societal prosperity. Additionally, technology has facilitated global collaboration and communication, bridging cultural divides and fostering a more interconnected world. In conclusion, the impact of technology on society is multifaceted, with both positive and negative implications. While technology has undoubtedly transformed the way we live and work, it is essential to consider the potential drawbacks and challenges that come with its rapid advancement. By addressing issues such as privacy, cybersecurity, and social isolation, we can harness the benefits of technology while mitigating its negative effects. Ultimately, it is important for individuals and society as a whole to strike a balance between embracing technological innovation and preserving the values that make us human.。
剑桥雅思4Test1听力Listening Section 1答案+解析
剑桥雅思4Test1听力Listening Section 1答案+解析谈话场景：咨询旅游事宜场景，电话交谈。
人物关系：学校社会活动咨询员和学生。
谈话话题：咨询学校组织的旅游线路、旅游费用和旅行地点。
交际与语言表达1. 在这个旅游场景讨论中，学生就英国某学校组织的旅游活动事宜向学校负责人进行咨询。
2. 为帮助国际留学生更好地感受英国文化，英国大学通常为他们提供类似的旅游活动，游览地点多为英国的著名城市和名胜古迹，如：本题中提到的伦敦塔( Tower of London) 以及 Salisbury 平原上的史前巨石柱( Stonehenge)。
国际留学生办公室( International Office) 会将游览的安排事宜先公布，学生需要提前报名，并交纳一定的费用。
学校负责当天的游览交通，学生可以自行活动，也可参加有导游的游览。
若想了解更多的旅游信息，可以上网搜索一些不错的旅游网站，这样就可以在出国前订下自己的旅游计划。
3. “Yes, we run five every month: three during weekends and two Wednesday afternoon trips.”是的，我们每个月组织 5 次旅行活动，其中 3 次是在周末， 2 次是在周三下午。
“ run”在此句中表示“组织，运营”和“ organize”是同义转换。
4. “Well, obviously it varies, but always places of historical interests….”很明显，他们是不一样的，但肯定都是历史古迹，“ vary”做不及物动词表示“( 使) 变化, 改变”，“ vary from… to…”表示“从……到……不等”, 例如： The sword hardly varied in form from the 12th to the 15th century. 剑的样式从 12 世纪到 15 世纪几乎没有什么改变。
剑4Test1阅读READING PASSAGE 3
READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.Visual Symbols. and the BlindPart 1From a number of recent studies, it has become clear that blind people can appreciate the use of outlines and perspectives to describe the arrangement of objects and other surfaces in space. But pictures are more than literal representations. This fact was drawn to my attention dramatically when a blind woman in one of my investigations decided on her own initiative to draw a wheel as it was spinning. To show this motion, she traced a curve inside the circle (Fig.1). I was taken aback. Lines of motion, such as the one she used, are a very recent invention in the history of illustration.Indeed, as art scholar David Kunzle notes, Wilhelm Busch, a trend-setting nineteenth-century cartoonist, used virtually no motion lines in his popular figures until about 1877.When I asked several other blind study subjects to draw a spinning wheel, one particularly clever rendition appeared repeatedly: several subjects showed the wheel’s spokes as curved lines. When asked about these curves, they all described them as metaphoricalways of suggesting motion. Majority rule would argue that this device somehow indicated motion very well. But was it a better indicatorthan, say, broken or wavy lines –or any other kind of line, for that matter? The answer was not clear. So I decided to test whether various lines of motion were apt ways of showing movement or if they were merely idiosyncratic marks. Moreover, I wanted to discover whether there were differences in how the blind and the sighted interpreted lines of motion.To search out these answers, I created raised-line drawings of five different wheels, depicting spokes with lines that curved, bent, waved, dashed and extended beyond the perimeter of the wheel. I then asked eighteen blind volunteers to feel the wheels and assign one of the following motions to each wheel: wobbling, spinning fast, spinning steadily, jerking or braking. My control group consisted of eighteen sighted undergraduates from the University of Toronto.All but one of the blind subjects assigned distinctive motions to each wheel. Most guessed that the curved spokes indicated that the wheel was spinning steadily; the wavy spokes, they thought, suggested that the wheel was wobbling; and the bent spokes were taken as a sign that the wheel was jerking. Subjects assumed that spokes extending beyond the wheel’s perimeter signified that the wheel had its brakes on and that dashed spokes indicated the wheel was spinning quickly.In addition, the favored description for the sighted was the favored description for the blind in every instance. What is more, theconsensus among the sighted was barely higher than that among the blind. Because motion devices are unfamiliar to the blind, the task I gave them involved some problem solving. Evidently, however, the blind not only figured out meanings for each line of motion, but as a group they generally came up with the same meaning at least as frequently as did sighted subjects.Part 2We have found that the blind understand other kinds of visual metaphors as well. One blind woman drew a picture of a child inside a heart –choosing that symbol, she said, to show that love surrounded the child. With Chang Hong Liu, a doctoral student from China, I have begun exploring how well blind people understand thesymbolism behind shapes such as hearts that do not directly represent their meaning.We gave a list of twenty pairs of words to sighted subjects and asked them to pick from each pair the term that best related to a circle and the term that best related to a square. For example, we asked: What goes with soft? A circle or a square?Which shape goes with hard?All our subjects deemed the circle soft and the square hard. A full 94% ascribed happy to the circle, instead of sad. But other pairs revealed less agreement: 79% matched fast to slow and weak to strong, respectively. And only 51% linked deep to circle and shallow to square. (See Fig.2) When we tested four totally blind volunteers using the same list, we found that their choices closely resembled those made by the sighted subjects. One man, who had been blind since birth, scored extremely well. He made only one match differing from the consensus, assigning ‘far’to square and ‘near’to circle. In fact, only a small majority of sighted subjects –53% –had paired far and near to the opposite partners. Thus, we concluded that the blind interpret abstract shapes as sighted people do.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.Visual Symbols. and the Blind盲人与视觉符号Part 1From a number of recent studies, it has become clear that blind people can appreciate the use of outlines and perspectives to describe the arrangement of objects and other surfaces in space. But pictures are more than literal representations. This fact was drawn to my attention dramatically when a blind woman in one of my investigations decided on her own initiative to draw a wheel as it was spinning. To show this motion, she traced a curve inside the circle (Fig.1). I was taken aback. Lines of motion, such as the one she used, are a very recent invention in the history of illustration.Indeed, as art scholar David Kunzle notes, Wilhelm Busch, a trend-setting nineteenth-century cartoonist, used virtually no motion lines in his popular figures until about 1877.最近的几次研究表明，盲人可以理解用轮廓线和透视法来描述物体排列及空间平面的方法。
剑4雅思Test1-s4听力原文
剑4雅思Test1-s4听力原文IELTS C4-T est1- Section 4Good day, ladies and gentlemen. I have been asked today to talk to you about the urban landscape. There are two major areas that I will focus on in my talk: how vegetation canhave a significant effect on urban climate, and how we can better plan our cities using trees to provide a more comfortable environment for us to live in.Trees can have a significant impact on our cities. They can make a city, as a whole, a bitless windyor a bit more windy, if that's what you want. They can make it a bit cooler if it's a hot summer day in an Australian city, or they can make it a bit more humid if it's a dry inland city. On the local scale - that is, in particular areas within the city - trees can make the local area more shady, cooler, more humid and much less windy. In fact trees and planting of various kinds can be used to make city streets actually less dangerous in particular areas. How do trees do all that, you ask?Well, the main difference between a tree and a building is a tree has got an internal mechanism to keep the temperature regulated. It evaporates water through its leaves and that means that the temperature of the leaves is never very far from our own body temperature. The temperature of a building surface on a hot sunny day can easily be twenty degrees more than our temperature. Trees, on the other hand, remain cooler than buildings because they sweat. This means that they can humidify the air and cool it - a property which can be exploited to improve the local climate. Trees can also help break the force of winds. The reason that high buildings make it windier at ground level isthat, as the wind goes higher and higher, it goes faster and faster. When the wind hits the building, it has to go somewhere. Some of it goes over the top and some goes around the sides of the building, forcing those high level winds down to ground level.That doesn't happen when you have trees. Trees filter the wind and considerably reduce it, preventing those very large strong gusts that you so often find around tall buildings.Another problem in built-up areas is that traffic noise is intensified by tall buildings. By planting a belt of trees at the side of the road, you can make things a little quieter, but much of the vehicle noise still goes through the trees. Trees can also help reduce the amount of noise in the surroundings, although the effect is not as large as people like to think. Low-frequency noise, in particular, just goes through the trees as though they aren't there.Although trees can significantly improve the local climate, they do however take up a lot of space. There are root systems to consider and branches blocking windows and so on. It may therefore be difficult to fit trees into the local landscape. There is not a great deal you can do if you have what we call a street canyon - a whole set of high-rises enclosed in a narrow street. Trees need water to grow. They also need some sunlight to grow and you need room to put them. If you have the chance of knocking buildings down and replacing them, then suddenly you can start looking at different ways to design the streets and to introduce .. .(fade out)。
【解析】雅思4英语听力test1section3
【解析】雅思4英语听力test1section3
题目解析
21-22题为选择题，考查的是考生对大意的把握和抗干扰能力。
21题中的解题关键是原文中的another course"，选项B和C均为断章取义。
22题原文中的“medical or compassionate reasons”被替换成了选项中的personal illness or accidents，类似的替换在选择题中或任何有选项的题型中屡见不鲜，因此考生在处理类似的题型时对题干中关键词的同义、近义词要敏感。
最后考生也可把这个考点当常识来记住，以便在国外学习时合理安排时间。
23-27题为匹配题，解题时要紧抓住题目的顺序，在解答这样的题型时，考生应尽量将选项通读一遍但选项中的字眼很可能跟原文的有所出入，因此做题时也可以当笔记题一样来解答，最后再根据原文在选项中的同义词来最终确定答案。
28-30题的解题思路跟前面一样，只要注意选项中的字眼在原文中的替换词即可，如，选项中的uncooperative landlord"、“noise neighbours”和“environment”在原文中的对应分别是" the owner is not helpful", "people living nearby disturbing them "和" attractive neighbourhood”。
剑桥雅思4Test4听力Section 1答案+解析
剑桥雅思4Test4听力Section 1答案+解析Section 1 谈话场景：筹备告别会。
人物关系：关系亲密的同事。
谈话话题：讨论将给要离开的同事开告别会的有关事宜：时间、地点、邀请人员、礼物等。
交际与语言表达1. 这部分考查的是一个日常生活场景——为要离开的同学/ 同事举办一个告别晚会。
其中涉及到活动举办的地点和时间、邀请人员、何时发出邀请、活动项目以及需携带的物品等。
2. “I think a hotel will probably work out rather expensive, and I’ve been looking at the College Dining Room.”我觉得去酒店太贵了，我一直在考虑学校的餐厅。
“work out”表示“解决, 解答, 做出，制订出，消耗完”的意思。
例如：It will work out rather expensive. 这样做成本很高。
“be looking at”表示“留心, 注意”。
3. “We usually go round with an envelope during coffee break, don’t we?”我们通常在喝咖啡的休息室带着信封顺便过去，不是吗?“Coffee Break”这个词早在1952 年就出现在报刊上了，《咖啡的益处》中说：“只需清晨的一杯咖啡就足以使我们拥有顺利度过一天的好心情。
这也正是工作休息时间喝咖啡的意义所在。
”管理者发现“Coffee Break”作为一种办公室文化，不但可以激发员工的创意和灵感，提升工作的热情与专注，而且还是一种特殊的沟通方式。
现在公司开设的“Coffee Break”都是了解咖啡、互相沟通、提升公司形象的良好模式。
接待客户抑或朋友小聚，如果您可以不经意间对咖啡的“前世今生”侃侃而谈，那必将令对方刮目相看。
而为客户提供一杯贴心的现磨咖啡，更是对客户表示尊敬、拉近彼此距离的法宝。
剑桥雅思 IELTS 听力原文
Hello?Oh, hello. I wanted to enquire about hiring a room in the Village Hall, for the evening of September the first.Let me just see...Yes, we have both rooms available that evening.There's our Main Hall-that's got seating for 200 people. Or there's the Charlton Room... Sorry?The Charlton Room - C-H-A-R-l-T-0-N.That's got seating for up to one hundred.Well, we're organising a dinner to raise money for a charity, and we're hoping for at least 150 people,so I think we'll go for the Main Hall.How much would that cost?Let's see. You wanted it for the evening of September 1st?Yes, that's a Saturday.So from 6 p. m. to midnight that'd be 115 pounds-that's the weekend price, it's 75 pounds on weekdays.That's all right.And I have to tell you there's also a deposit of 250 pounds, which is returnable of course as long as there's no damage.But we do insist that this is paid in cash, we don't take cards for that.You can pay the actual rent of the room however you like though cash, credit card, cheque... Oh, well I suppose that's OK.So does the charge include use of tables and chairs and so on? Oh, yes.And what about parking?Yeah that's all included.The only thing that isn't included is that...you said you were organising a dinner?Yeah.Well, you'll have to pay extra for the kitchen if you want to use that. It's 25 pounds.It's got very good facilities — good quality cookers and fridges and so on.OK, well I suppose that's all right.We can cover the cost in our entry charges.Right. So I'll make a note of that.Now there are just one or two things you need to think about before the event.For example, you'll have to see about getting a licence if you're planning to have any music during the meal.Oh, really?It's quite straightforward, I'll give you the details later on.And about a week or ten days before your event you'll need to contact the caretaker, that's Mr Evans,to make the arrangements for entry- he'Il sort that out with you.And do I give him the payment as well?No, you do that directly with me.Right. Now is there anything I need to know about what happens during the event?Well, as you'll be aware, of course the building is no smoking throughout.Of course.Now, are you having a band?Yes.Well, they'll have a lot of equipment,so rather than using the front door they should park their van round the back and use the stage door there.You can open that from inside but don't forget to lock it at the end.OK.And talking of bands, I'm sure I don't need to tell you this,but you must make sure that no one fiddles about with the black box by the fire doorthat's a system that cuts in when the volume reaches a certain level. It's a legal requirement. Sure. Anyway, we want people to be able to talk to one another so we don't want anything too loud.Oh, that reminds me, we'll be having speeches-are there any microphones available? Yeah. Just let the caretaker know, he'll get those for you.Right, now when the event is over we do ask that the premises are left in good condition. So there's a locked cupboard and you'Il be informed of the code you need to open that.It's got all the cleaning equipment, brushes and detergent and so on.Right, so what do we need to do after everyone's gone?Sweep the floors I suppose?Well actually they have to be washed not just swept.Then you'll be provided with black plastic bags,so all the rubbish must be collected up and left outside the door.Of course. We'll make sure everything's left tidy.Oh. and I forgot to ask.I presume we can have decorations in the room?Yes, but you must take them down afterwards.Sure.And the chairs and tables should be stacked up neatly at the back of the room.I'll make sure I've got a few people to help me.Test1(section2-1)Welcome to the Fiddy Working Heritage Farm.This open-air museum gives you the experience of agriculture and rural life in the English countryside at the end of the nineteenth century.So you'll see a typical farm of that period, and like me, all the staff are dressed in clothes of that time.I must give you some advice and safety tips before we go any further.As it's a working farm, please don't frighten or injure the animals.We have a lot here, and many of them are breeds that are now quite rare.And do stay at a safe distance from the tools:some of them have sharp points which can be pretty dangerous, so please don't touch them. We don't want any accidents, do we?The ground is very uneven, and you might slip if you're wearing sandalsso I'm glad to see you're all wearing shoes - we always advise people to do that.Now, children of all ages are very welcome here, and usually even very young children love the ducks and lambs,so do bring them along next time you come.I don't think any of you have brought dogs with you, but in case you have,I'm afraid they'll have to stay in the car park, unless they're guide dogs.I'm sure you'll understand that they could cause a lot of problems on a farm.Test1(section2-2)Now let me give you some idea of the layout of the farm.The building where you bought your tickets is the New Barn, immediately to your right,and we're now at the beginning of the main path to the farmland — and of course the car park is on your left.The scarecrow you can see in the car park in the corner beside the main path,is a traditional figure for keeping the birds away from crops, but our scarecrow is a permanent sculpture.It's taller than a human being, so you can see it from quite a distance.If you look ahead of you you'll see a maze.It's opposite the New Barn beside the side path that branches off to the right just over there. The maze is made out of hedges which are too tall for young children to see over them,but it's quite small, so you can't get lost in it!Now can you see the bridge crossing the fish pool further up the main path?If you want to go to the cafe go towards the bridge and turn right just before it.Walk along the side path and the cafe's on the first bend you come to.The building was originally the schoolhouse, and it's well over a hundred years old.As you may know, we run skills workshops here,where you can learn traditional crafts like woodwork and basket-making.You can see examples of the work, and talk to someone about the courses, in the Black Barn. If you take the side path to the right here just by the New Barn you'll come to the Black Barn just where the path first bends.Now I mustn't forget to tell you about picnicking, as I can see some of you have brought your lunch with you.You can picnic in the field, though do clear up behind you, of course.Or if you'd prefer a covered picnic area there's one near the farm yard:just after you cross the bridge there's a covered picnics spot on the right.And the last thing to mention is Fiddy House itself.From here you can cross the bridge then walk along the foot path through the field to the left of the farm yard.That goes to the house, and it'll give you a lovely view of it.It's certainly worth a few photographs, but as it's a private home, I'm afraid you can't go inside. Right. Well, if you're all ready, we'll set off on our tour of the farm.Test1(section3-1)OK, Greg, so I finally managed to read the article you mentionedthe one about the study on gender in physics.About the study of college students done by Akira Miyake and his team?Yeah. I was interested that the researchers were actually a mix of psychologists and physicists. That's an unusual combination.Yeah. I got a little confused at first about which students the study was based on.They weren't actually majoring in physics —they were majoring in what's known as the STEM disciplines.That's science, technology, engineering and...-...and math.Yes, but they were all doing physics courses as part of their studies.That's correct. So as I understood it,Miyake and co started from the fact that women are underrepresented in introductory physics courses at college,and also that on average, the women who do enrol on these courses perform more poorly than the men.No one really knows why this is the case.Yeah. But what the researchers wanted to find out was basically what they could do about the relatively low level of the women's results.But in order to find a solution they needed to find out more about the nature of the problem. Right. Now let's see if I can remember...it was that in the physics class,the female students thought the male students all assumed that women weren't any good at physics...was that it?And they thought that the men expected them to get poor results in their tests.That's what the women thought, and that made them nervous, so they did get poor results. But actually they were wrong...No one was making an assumptions about the female students at all.Anyway, what Miyake's team did was quite simple — getting the students to do some writing before they went into the physics class.What did they call it?Values-affirmation —they had to write an essay focusing on things that were significant to them,not particularly to do with the subject they were studying,but more general things like music or people who mattered to them.Right. So the idea of doing the writing is that this gets the students thinking in a positive way. And putting these thoughts into words can relax them and help them overcome the psychological factors that lead to poor performance. Yeah.But what the researchers in the study hadn't expected was that this one activity raised the women's physics grades from the C to the B range.A huge change. Pity it wasn't to an A, but still!No, but it does suggest that the women were seriously underperforming beforehand, in comparison with the men.Yes. Mind you, Miyake's article left out a lot of details.Like, did the students do the writing just once, or several times?And had they been told why they were doing the writing? That might have affected the results. You mean, if they know the researchers thought it might help them to improve, then they'd just try to fulfil that expectation?Exactly.Test1(section3-2)So anyway, I thought for our project we could do a similar study,but investigate whether it really was the writing activity that had that result.OK.So we could ask them to do a writing task about something completely different...something more factual?Like a general knowledge topic.Maybe...or we could have half the students doing a writing task and half doing something else, like an oral task.Or even, half do the same writing task as in the original research and half do a factual writing task.Then we'd see if it really is the topic that made the difference, or something else.That's it. Good. So at our meeting with the supervisor on Monday we can tell him we've decided on our project.We should have our aims ready by then.I suppose we need to read the original study — the article's just a summary.And there was another article I read, by Smolinsky.It was about her research on how women and men perform in mixed teams in class, compared with single-sex teams and on their own.Let me guess...the women were better at teamwork.That's what I expected, but actually the men and the women got the same results whether they were working in teams or on their own.But I guess it's not that relevant to us.What worries me anyway is how we're going to get everything done in the time.We'll be OK now we know what we're doing.Though I'm not clear how we assess whether the students in our experiment actually make any progress or not...No. We may need some advice on that.The main thing's to make sure we have the right size sample, not too big or too small.That shouldn't be difficult.Right, what do we need to do next?We could have a look at the time table for the science classes...or perhaps we should just make an appointment to see one of the science professors. That'd be better.Great. And we could even get to observe one of the classes.What for?Well...OK maybe let's just go with your idea. Right, well...Test1(section4-1)I've been looking at ocean biodiversity, that's the diversity of species that live in the world's oceans.About 20 years ago biologists developed the idea of what they called 'biodiversity hotspots'. These are the areas which have the greatest mixture of species, so one example is Madagascar. These hotspots are significant because they allow us to locate key areas for focusing efforts at conservation.Biologists can identify hotspots on land, fairly easily,but until recently, very little was known about species distribution and diversity in the oceans, and no one even knew if hotspots existed there.Then a Canadian biologist called Boris Worm did some research in 2005 on data on ocean species that he got from the fishing industry.Worm located five hotspots for large ocean predators like sharks, and looked at what they had in common.The main thing he'd expected to find was that they had very high concentrations of foodbut to his surprise that was only true for four of the hotspots — the remaining hotspot was quite badly off in that regard.But what he did find was that in all cases,the water at the surface of the ocean had relatively high temperatures even when it was cool at greater depths,so this seemed to be a factor in supporting a diverse range of these large predators. However, this wasn't enough on its own, because he also found that the water needed to have enough oxygen in itso these two factors seemed necessary to support the high metabolic rate of these large fish.A couple of years later, in 2007, a researcher called Lisa Ballance, who was working in California,also started looking for ocean hotspots, but not for fishwhat she was interested in was marine mammals things like seals.And she found three places in the oceans which were hotspots,and what these had in common was that these hotspots were all located at boundaries between ocean currents,and this seems to be the sort of place that has lots of the plankton that some of these speciesfeed on.So now people who want to protect the species that are endangered need to get as much information as possible.For example, there's an international project called the Census of Marine Life.They've been surveying oceans all over the world, including the Arctic.One thing they found there which stunned other researchers was that there were large numbers of species which live below the icesometimes under a layer up to 20 meters thick.Some of these species had never been seen before.They've even found species of octopus living in these conditions.And other scientists working on the same project,but researching very different habitats on the ocean floor,have found large numbers of species congregating around volcanoes, attracted to them by the warmth and nutrients there.Test1(section4-2)However, biologists still don't know how serious the threat to their survival is for each individual species.So a body called the Global Marine Species Assessment is now creating a list of endangered species on land.So they consider things like the size of the population — how many members of one species there are in a particular placeand then they look at their distribution in geographical terms.Although this is quite difficult when you're looking at fish, because they're so mobile,and then thirdly the calculate the rate at which the decline of the species is happening.So far only 1,500 species have been assessed, but they want to increase this figure to 20,000. For each one they assess, they use the data they collect on that species to produce a map showing its distribution.Ultimately they will be able to use these to figure out not only where most species are located but also where they are most threatened.So finally, what can be done to retain the diversity of species in the world's oceans? Firstly, we need to set up more reserves in our oceans, places where marine species are protected.We have some, but not enough.In addition, to preserve species such as leatherback turtles,which live out in the high seas but have their nesting sites on the American coast,we need to create corridors for migration, so they can get from one area to another safely. As well as this, action needs to be taken to lower the levels of fishing quotas to prevent overfishing of endangered species.And finally, there's the problem of 'by-catch'.This refers to the catching of unwanted fish by fishing boats — they're returned to the sea, but they're often dead or dying.If these commercial fishing boats used equipment which was more selective,so that only the fish wanted for consumption were caught, this problem could be overcome. OK. So does anyone have any questions...。
剑4 Test1-S3 听力原文
Ferritic 整理Page 1 of 3MELANIE: Excuse me, Dr Johnson. May I speak to you for a minute?DR JOHNSON: Sure. Come in.MELANIE: I'm Melanie Griffin. I'm taking your course in Population Studies.DR JOHNSON: Right. Well, Melanie, how can I help you?MELANIE: I'm ... having a bit of trouble with the second assignment, and it's due intwelve days.DR JOHNSON: What sort of trouble are you having? Is the assignment question a problem?MELANIE:Well, that's part of the problem. I'm also having ‐ been having ‐ trouble gettinghold of the books. I've been to the library several times, and all the books areout. DR JOHNSON: Sounds like you should have started borrowing books a bit earlier.MELANIE: Well, I had a really big assignment due in for another course, and I've beenspending all my time on that, and I thought ...DR JOHNSON: ... you might get an extension of time to finish your assignment for me? MELANIE: If that's possible, but I don't know ...DR JOHNSON: Well, yes, it is possible, but extensions are normally given only for medical orcompassionate reasons, otherwise it's really a question of organising your study, and we don't like giving extensions to students who simply didn't plantheir work properly. What did you get for your first assignment?MELANIE: I got eighty ‐seven per cent.DR JOHNSON: Mmm, yes, you did very well indeed, so obviously you can produce good work.MELANIE: I don't think I'll need too much extra time, as long as I can get hold of some ofthe important references.DR JOHNSON: Well, since you did so well in your first assignment, I'm prepared to give you anextra two weeks for this one, so that'll mean you'll need to submit it about amonth from now.MELANIE:Thank you. DR JOHNSON: Now, what about the reading materials? Have you checked out the journalarticles in the list?Ferritic 整理Page 2 of 3MELANIE: Umm, no, not yet, there were about twenty of them, and I wasn't sure whichones would be most useful or important.DR JOHNSON: Well, they're all useful, but I don't expect anyone to read them all, because anumber of them deal with the same issues. Let me give you some suggestions.The article by Anderson and Hawker is really worth reading.MELANIE:Right, I'll read that one. DR JOHNSON:You should also read the article by Jackson, but just look at the part on the research methodology ‐ how they did it. MELANIE:OK ... Jackson, got that ... DR JOHNSON:And if you have time, the one by Roberts says very relevant things, although. it's not essential MELANIE: So, OK, if it's useful, I'll try and read that one ...DR JOHNSON: Now, the one by Morris. I wouldn't bother with that at this stage, if I were you.MELANIE: OK, I won't bother with Morris. Oh, now, someone told me the article byCooper is important.DR JOHNSON: Well, yes, in a way, but just look at the last part, where he discusses theresearch results. And lastly, there's Forster ‐ I can't think why I included thatone. It's not bad and could be of some help, but not that much.‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ DR JOHNSON:Now, let's deal with the assignment question. What's the problem there? MELANIE:It's the graph on page two. DR JOHNSON:What seems to be the problem? It's just the bar graph showing reasons why people change where they live. MELANIE:Well, I've got a photocopy but the reasons at the bottom are missing. DR JOHNSON:OK. Look at the first bar on the graph ‐ now that indicates the number of people who move because they want more space. MELANIE: Oh I see ... bar one. OK ... Now what about the next bar?Ferritic 整理Page 3 of 3DR JOHNSON: Bar two is to do with the people living nearby disturbing them, so they chose to move away to somewhere quieter. Now let's look at bar number three ... another reason people change their place of living is because they want to be closer to the city.MELANIE: OK. Proximity to the city is an issue ...DR JOHNSON: Now ... bar number four refers to problems when the owner of the propertywon't help fix things that go wrong. In other words, the owner is nothelpful and so the tenants move out.MELANIE:OK ... now what about bar five? DR JOHNSON:Bar five is about those people who move because they need a bus or train to get them into the city or to go to work. MELANIE:OK ... and bar six? DR JOHNSON:Bar number six is Interesting. That reason was given quite a lot ‐ people moving because they wanted to be in a more attractive neighbourhood. MELANIE:Oh, yes, thank you very much.。
【译文】雅思4英语听力test1section3
【译文】雅思4英语听力test1section3MELANIE: Excuse me, Dr Johnson. May I speak to you for a minute?MELANIE: I’m Melanie Griffin. I'm taking your course in Population Studies.DR JOHNSON: Right. Well, Melanie, how can I help you?MELANIE: I'm... having a bit of trouble with the second assignment, and it's due in twelve days. DR JOHNSON: What sort of trouble are you having? Is the assignment question a problem? MELANIE: Well, that's part of the problem. I'm also having-been having-trouble getting hold of the books. I've been to the library several times, and all the books are out.DR JOHNSON: Sounds like you should have started borrowing books a bit earlier.MELANIE: Well, I had a really big assignment due in for another course, and Ive been spending all my time on that, and I thought…DR JOHNSON: You might get an extension of time to finish your assignment for me? MELANIE: If that' s possible, but I don’t know…DR JOHNSON: Well, yes, it is possible, but extensions are normally given only for medical or compassionate reasons, otherwise it's really a question of organising your study,and we don’t like giving extensions to students who simply didn 't plan their workproperly. What did you get for your first assignment?MELANIE: I got eighty-seven per centDR JOHNSON: Mmm, yes, you did very well indeed, so obviously you can produce good work. MELANIE: I don't think I'll need too much extra time, as long as I can get hold of some of the important references.DR JOHNSON: Well, since you did so well in your first assignment, I’m prepared to give you an extra two weeks for this one, so that'll mean you'll need to submit it about amonth from now.MELANIE: Thank you.DR JOHNSON: Now, what about the reading materials? Have you checked out the journal articles in the list?MELANIE: Umm, no, not yet, there were about twenty of them, and I wasn't sure whichones would be most useful or importantDR JOHNSON: Well, they’re all useful, but I don't expect anyone to read them all, because a number of them deal with the same issues. Let me give you some suggestions.The article by Anderson and Hawker is really worth reading.MELANIE: Right, I’ll read that one.DR JOHNSON: You should also read the article by Jackson, but just look at the part on the research methodology- how they did it.LANIE: OK…Jackson, got that…DR JOHNSON: And if you have time, the one by Roberts says very relevant things, although it's not essential.MELANIE: So, OK, if it's useful, I'll try and read that one.DR JOHNSON: Now, the one by Morris. I wouldn't bother with that at this stage, if I were you. MELANIE: OK, I won't bother with Morris. Oh, now, someone told me the article by Cooper is important.DR JOHNSON: Well, yes, in a way, but just look at the last part. where he discusses the researchresults. And lastly, there's Forster-I can't think why I included that one. It's not badand could be of some help but not that much.DR JOHNSON: Now, let's deal with the assignment question. What's the problem there? MELANIE: It's the graph on page two.DR JOHNSON: What seems to be the problem? It's just the bar graph showing reasons why people change where they live.MELANIE: Well, I’ve got a photocopy but the reasons at the bottom are missing.DR JOHNSON: Ah, OK. Look at the first bar on the graph -now that indicates the number of people who move because they want more space.MELANIE: Oh I see... bar one. OK.. Now what about the next bar?DR JOHNSON: Bar two is to do with the people living nearby disturbing them, so they chose to move away to somewhere quieter. Now let's look at bar number three…another reason people change their place of living is because they want to becloser to the city.MELANIE: OK. Proximity to the city is an issue…DR JOHNSON: Now... bar number four refers to problems when the owner of the property won't help fix things that go wrong. In other words, the owner is not helpful and so thetenants move out.MELANIE: OK…Now what about bar five?DR JOHNSON: Bar five is about those people who move because they need a bus or train to get them into the city or to go to work.MELANIE: OK.. And bar six?DR JOHNSON: Bar number six is interesting. That reason was given quite a lot- people moving because they wanted to be in a more attractive neighbourhood.MELANIE: Oh, yes, thank you very much.媚兰：对不起，约翰逊博士。