新人教版高中英语必修三Unit4单元语法讲练
人教版新教材高中英语必修第三册：Unit 4 Space Exploration
On the station, the ordinary becomes strange.The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars. It also has no seat. With no gravity，it's just as easy to pedal violently. You can watch a movie while you pedal by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But station residents have to be careful about staying in one place too long.Without gravity to help circulate air, the carbon dioxide you exhale(呼气)has a tendency to form an invisible(隐形的) cloud around your head.You can end up with what astronauts call a carbon-dioxide headache.
__th_e_y_e_x_e_rc_i_se__in__o_n_e_p_la_c_e_f_o_r_a_l_o_n_g_ti_m_e___________．
3．Some astronauts feel sick on the station during the first few days
because _t_h_e_ir_b_r_ai_n_s_r_e_ce_i_v_e_c_o_n_tr_a_d_ic_to_r_y_m__e_ss_a_g_e_s__________.
2019-2020学年人教版英语必修三新素养同步讲义：Unit 4 Astronomy Section Ⅳ Grammar Word版含答案
Section ⅣGrammar名词性从句——主语从句1．(教材P25)What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.2．(教材P25)The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. 3．(教材P26)What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.4．(教材P26)It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.5．(教材P26)What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.6．(教材P26)So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.定义在主从复合句中，充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。
◆How the earth came into existence remains a mystery to us.地球是如何形成的对我们来说仍然是一个谜。
Unit+4+Space+Exploration+单词详解讲义 高中英语人教版(2019)必修第三册
必修三Unit4单词详解1.astronaut [ˈæstrənɔːt] n.宇航员；太空人astronomer n.天文学家2.procedure [prəˈsiːʤə] n.程序；步骤；手续process n. 过程；v.处理3.mental [ˈmɛntl] adj.精神的，思想的mentally adv. 精神地；思想地physical adj.物理的；身体的mental and physical health 身心健康4.centimeter(-tre）[ˈsentɪmiːtər] ））millimeter 毫米decimeter 分米kilometer 千米5.intelligent [ɪnˈtelɪʤənt] adj.有智慧的，聪明的，有智力的= wise →intelligence n. 智力；智慧= wisdom →intelligently adv. 有智慧地；聪明地；有智力地6.rocket [ˈrɒkɪt] n.火箭；火箭弹7.gravity [ˈgrævɪti] n.重力；引力→grave adj. 重大的；严重的n.坟墓8.frontier [ˈfrʌntɪə] n.边境；国界；边远地区；（尤指知识的）前沿；新领域9.vehicle [ˈviːɪkl] n.交通工具；车辆10.determined [dɪˈtɜːmɪnd] adj.有决心的;意志坚定的→determine vt.查明;确定;决定→determination n. 决定；决心；果断be determined to do=make up one’s mind to do=make a decision to do 决定做某事11.satellite [ˈsætəlaɪt] n.人造卫星；卫星unch [lɔːnʧ] n.&vt. 发射；发起；上市launch a satellite13.orbit [ˈɔːbɪt] n.(环绕地球、太阳等运行的) 轨道；势力范围；vi.&vt.环绕……运行14.giant [ˈʤaɪənt] adj.巨大的；伟大的；n.巨人；巨兽；伟人15.leap [liːp] n.跳跃；剧增；剧变；vi.&vt.跳过；跃过(leap-leapt-leapt/ leap-leaped-leaped)a great/giant leap 巨大的飞跃16.mankind [mænˈkaɪnd] n.人类17.agency [ˈeɪʤənsi] n.专门机构；服务机构；代理处→agent n.代理人；经纪人travel agent18.transmit [trænzˈmɪt] vi. &vt.传输；发送→transmission n. 传输；发送19.data [ˈdeɪtə] n.[pl.] 资料；数据database n.数据库20.on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上board n.木板v.上船；登机21.spacecraft [ˈspeɪskrɑːft] n.航天器；字宙飞船spacewalk [ˈspeɪswɔːk] n.太空行走22.disappointed [ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd] adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappoint v. 使失望；使沮丧→disappointing adj. 令人失望的；令人沮丧的→disappointment n. 失望；沮丧23.desire [dɪˈzaɪə] n.渴望;欲望；vt.渴望;期望→desirable adj. 可取的;值得拥有的desire for= long for 渴望desire to do sth= long to do sth 渴望做某事24.universe [ˈjuːnɪvɜːs] n.宇宙;天地万物→universal adj. 普遍的;全体的;全世界的25.carry on 继续做，坚持干carry out 实施carry through 度过难关26.27.independently [ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəntli] adv.独立地；自立地→independent adj.独立的；自立的→independence n. 独立；自立→depend vi. 依赖；依靠28.jade [ʤeɪd] n.玉；翡翠；玉器29.dock[dɑːk] v.（两架航天器）对接；进港n.码头；船坞dock with 与...对接30.module/ ˈmɒdʒuːl / n.舱；组件；模块31.signal [ˈsɪgnl] vi. &vt.标志着；标明；发信号；n.信号；标志→sign n.迹象；符号；记号32.in the hope of doing... 抱着……的希望hopeful hopeless33.so as to (do sth) 为了；以便=in order to do sth34.recycle [ˌriːˈsaɪkl] vt.回收利用；再利用reuse v. 再次利用；重复使用35.muscle [ˈmʌsl] n.肌肉；实力；影响力political/financial muscle 政治/金融影响力ck [læk] n.缺乏；短缺= shortage；vt.没有；缺乏→lacking adj. 匮乏的；缺乏的“缺乏；缺少...”（vt.）lack sth. lack confidence/determination（n.）lack of sth. a lack of food/money/experience（adj.）be lacking in sth. She is lacking in courage.37.float [fləʊt] vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮；vt.使浮动；使漂流floating adj.流动的；浮动的38.otherwise [ˈʌðəwaɪz] adv.否则；要不然39.beyond [bɪˈjɒnd] prep.在更远处；超出beyond doubt/question 毫无疑问beyond words无法用言语表达beyond belief 难以置信beyond recognition认不出beyond expectation 超出预期beyond control无法控制40.solar [ˈsəʊlə] adj.太阳的；太阳能的→solar system [ˈsəʊlə ˈsɪstɪm] 太阳系；类太阳系41.current [ˈkʌrənt] adj.当前的；现在的=present；n.水流；电流；思潮→currently adv.目前；当前currency n.货币；通货42.figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白figure n.人物；身材；数字work out 算出；解决；锻炼set out 出发；动身make out理解；弄清give out 分发break out （战争；灾难；疾病）爆发43.sufficient [səˈfɪʃənt] adj.足够的；充足的= enough →insufficient adj. 不足的44.soap [səʊp] n.肥皂45.towel [ˈtaʊəl] n.毛巾；抹布46.microwave [ˈmaɪkrəweɪv] n. (also microwave oven) 微波炉47.tissue [ˈtɪʃuː] n.纸巾；(人、动值物细胞的)组织48.facility [fəˈsɪlɪti] n.设施；设备equipment n.设备；装备（不可数）49.keen [kiːn] adj.热衷的；渴望的be keen on 热衷于；喜爱50.globe [ˈgləʊb] n.地球；世界；地球仪→global adj. 全球的；全世界的51.argue [ˈɑːgjuː] vt. &vi.论证；争辩；争论→argument n.争论；争吵；论点argue with sb about/over sth. 与某人争论某事beyond argument 无可争议52.fatal [ˈfeɪtl] adj.致命的= deadly；灾难性的→fate n. 命运53.shallow [ˈʃæləʊ] adj.肤浅的= superficial；浅的（opp）deep54.result in 导致；造成= lead to= bring about= contribute to= give rise toas a result 结果(是)55.pattern [ˈpætən] n.模式；模范；图案56.analysis [əˈnæləsɪs] n. (pl. Analyses [əˈnæləsiːz] )分析;分析结果→analyze(se) vt. 分析57.high-end [haɪ-ɛnd] 高端的-talents/market/brand/technology (opp) low-end低端的58.monitor [ˈmɒnɪtə] n.监视器；监测仪；班长vt.监视；监测；监控59.regularly [ˈrɛgjʊləli] adv.经常；定期地= on a regular basis→regular [ˈrɛgjʊlə] adj.定期的；经常的；正常的60.foam [fəʊm] n.泡沫橡胶；泡沫61.pillow [ˈpɪləʊ] n.枕头62.smartphone [ˈsmɑːtfəʊn] n.智能手机63.resource [rɪˈsɔːs] n.资源；财力；物力natural resources自然资源source n.来源；出处64.limited [ˈlɪmɪtɪd] adj.有限的→limit n. 限度；限制；vt. 限制；限定→limitless adj. 无限的unlimited adj.任意多的；无限制的limitation n.限制You are allowed unlimited access to the reading room.你可以无限制使用阅读室。
新人教高中英语必修三Unit4Space exploration单元分析讲义
Unit 4 Space exploration单元分析本单元主题：人与自然——宇宙探索单元内容分析本单元围绕“太空探索”这一主题展开，内容涉及人类探索太空的历史与成就（包括我国航天事业的发展和成就）宇航员的选拔、太空中的生活、火星探索计划、天文百科知识，以及关于“人类耗费时间和金钱去探索太空是否值得”这一话题的会科学家以及宇航员们为航空航天事业的发展不断努力、勇于开拓的精神，从而激励青少年勤奋学习、刻苦钻研、不畏挫折，努力探索自己的发展道路，立下远大志向，为国家科技事业的发展奉献自己的智慧和力量。
以下为教材各部分教学内容简要分析及教学活动实施建议：1．Opening Page开篇页的主题图展示了2019年1月3日“玉兔二号”（即嫦娥四号月球车）与嫦娥四号着陆器分离后驶抵月球表面的画面。
嫦娥四号首次实现在月球背面着陆，是中国航天事业发展的一座里程碑，是值得每个中国人铭记的时刻。
这一图片不仅能够增强学生的民族自豪感，还能激发学生讨论的热情，让他们能够很快投入到本单元的学习中去。
本单元的名言警句是“Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man＇s desire to understand.-Neil Armstrong”这是第一位登上月球的美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗的名言：“神秘感激发好奇心，而好奇心则是人们探索未知事物的前提。
”人类太空探索的原始动机主要源于与生俱来的好奇心，而这种好奇心和求知欲也是推动人类发展的巨大动力。
太空探索的成就背后是人类不断进取的精神，而只有将这种精神延续下去，人类才能突破极限，走向广阔的宇宙。
2．Listening and Speaking：Talk about how to become an astronaut 本部分的主题是“谈论如何成为一名宇航员”。
关于探索太空的奥秘，能够获得最直接感受的非宇航员莫属，因此，宇航员这一职业对于青少年而言充满了魅力，既带着神秘感，又带着使命感。
高中英语 人教版必修三第四单元语法：主语从句
Unit4 Astronomy:the science of the stars主语从句（The Subject Clause）（一）主语从句概念：在复合句中充当主语的句子，叫做主语从句。
句子结构：“主语从句（引导词+主语+谓语..）+谓语动词+句子其它...”What he said is of great importance .他所说的很重要。
That prices will go up is certain .物价要上涨是肯定的。
（二）主语从句引导词：连词that（无词义），,whether（是否）连接代词who/ who（谁）, whose（谁的）,what（...的事）,which (哪一个）连接副词when（什么时候）,where（哪里）,how（如何/怎么）,why （为什么）（1）that引导主语从句，本身无词义，在从句中不做成分，但不可省略。
eg That Tom passed the exam made hisparents happy .汤姆通过（2）whether引导主语从句，意为“是否”，在从句中不做成分，不可省略，位于句首时不能用if 。
Whether we ‘ll go camping tomorrow dependson the weather.明天我们是否去野营取决于天气。
（3）what引导主语从句，意为“...的事，”在从句中做主语、宾语、表语，不可省略。
What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation .（what 在从句作主语）去太空旅行所需要的就是仔细的准备。
What they want is a good book.（what 在从句作宾语）他们想要的就是一本好书。
（4）其它特殊疑问词引导的主语从句：注意特殊疑问词引导的主语从句要用陈述语序。
Who will do it doesn’t matter.谁要做这件事没关系。
人教版高中英语必修三课件Unit4Grammar
What I need _i_s_ money. What I need _a_r_e_ books.
what 引导的从句做主语时，谓语的单复数取决它的___表__语___.
情势主语结构
主语从句中用it作情势主语的结构
e.g.: That he XXX win the match is ce→rtaIitn.is certain that he XXX win the match.
情势主语
情势主语常用句型
(1). It + be + 名词 ＋ that从句
It is a pity that…
很遗憾…
It is a fact that…
事实是…
(2). It + be + 过去分词 ＋ that从句
It is said that...
据说...
It is known that…
➢ 强调句型: “It is（/was）+强调部分+that (/who)…”. ➢ 判断是否为强调句：去掉It is（或was）…that（或
who）…框架后，剩余部分为一个完整的句子。
巩固练习
1.(_W__h_a_t is needed for success) is your hard work. 2.(_W__h_e_n_/H__o_w_ they XXX arrive )has been told to the teacher. 3.(_W__h_o_ can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher. 4.(_W__h_e_th__er_ it XXX rain or not) is not clear. 5. (W__h__y the earth is becoming warm) is a good topic for research. 6.(__T_h_a_t_ the earth is a solid ball) is known to us all. 7. (_W_h__o_ev_e_r_ leaves the room last) ought to turn off the lights.
Unit4 现在完成进行时【2019人教版高中英语选择性必修三Unit4 语法知识】
Unit4 现在完成进行时【2019人教版高中英语选择性必修三】Unit4 Adversity and Courage现在完成进行时是英语中动词的一种基本时态,其基本形式为:助动词(have/has ) + been +动词的现在分词(延续性动词)。
该时态表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,或者刚刚终止,或者可能仍然要继续下去,强调动作的持续和进行。
常与allday/week/month, all this morning, all these years,“for+时间段”等时间状语连用。
①表示从过去开始而最近刚刚结束的动作。
Ann is very tired. She has been working hard.安很累。
她一直在努力工作。
②表示从过去开始现在仍在进行的动作。
It has been raining for two hours.已经下了两个小时的雨了。
(现在还在下)③现在完成时强调动作的结果和影响,而现在完成进行时强调动作的持续和进行。
Tom's hands are very dirty. He has been repairing the car.汤姆的手很脏。
他一直在修车。
The car is going again now. Tom has repaired it.这辆车现在又可以行驶了。
汤姆已经把它修好了。
④有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。
They have been living in this city for ten years.( = They have lived in this city for ten years.)他们已经在这个城市住了10年了。
(动作还将继续下去)⑤大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。
I have been writing a book.我一直在写一本书。
(动作还将继续下去) I havewritten a book.我已经写了一本书。
新人教高中英语必修三Unit4 Space Exploration单元语法讲解及试题
Unit4 Space Exploration重点1动词不定式作定语教材原句①... on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space.······1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
（不定式短语to enter space作定语，修饰the first person）［P40］②However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die.然而，尽管这样的灾难带来了很多悲伤和沮丧，但对探索宇宙的渴望没有消失。
（不定式短语to explore the universe 作后置定语，修饰desire）［P41］不定式作定语一般情况下置于所修饰词的后面，并且与被修饰的词之间构成一定的逻辑关系。
①主谓关系被修饰词是不定式动作的发出者。
He's always the first person of the team to put forward the solution to the problem.他总是团队里第一个提出问题的解决方案的人。
2动宾关系被修饰词是不定式动作的承受者。
She looked for some interesting novels to read.她找了一些有趣的小说来读。
特别注意当“不及物动词的不定式＋介词”作定语时，该短语与其所修饰的词之间为动宾关系，此处的介词不可省略。
He can find no one to talk with.他找不到可以交谈的人。
③部分抽象名词后常接不定式作后置定语。
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新人教版高中英语必修三单元语法讲练Book 3 Book 3 Unit 4 动词不定式作定语和状语
【巩固练习】
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.The airport ________ (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area.
2.The best way __________ (improve) your English is to join an English club.
3.Some scientists were determined to help humans realise their dream________（explore）space.
4.—The last one________（arrive ）pays the meal. —Agreed!
5.On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world ________（go）into space.
6.With the world changing fast, we have something new________（deal）with all by ourselves every day.
7.A group of young people got together ________（discuss）this question.
8.First of all, you must be intelligent enough________（get）a related college degree.
9.He got up late and hurried to his office, ________（leave）the breakfast untouched.
10.Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only______ （find）it didn’t fit.
11.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad ______(find) them alive.
12.The question was very difficult ________（answer）.
13.The box is light enough ________（carry）.
14._________(work out) the difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.
15.________(learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
答案：
1.to be completed
2.to improve
3.to explore
4. to arrive
5.to go
6. to deal
7.to discuss 8. to get 9 .leaving 10.to find 11.to find 12.to answer 13.to carry
14.To work out 15. To learn。