高考英语名词知识点专项训练
高考英语名词知识点专项训练
一、选择题
1．The painful experience left her emotionally drained, but she is not the sort of ________woman to be defeated by a of fate.
A．damage B．collapse C．twist D．share
2．The self-driving smart bus is already operating in 10 cities across China, with the
latest_______ in Shanghai in August.
A．exploration B．exclusion C．expansion D．explosion
3．He stood at the water’s ____________ and looked across the lake.
A．edge B．course C．exit
4．I suggest you apply for membership. Members can get a 15% ____________.
A．discount B．dictation C．favor
5．Anyone who is in ________ of weapons without permission is considered law-breaking. A．command B．control C．charge D．possession 6．Since 1949, the people’s living standard ____, causing a big ____ in population.
A．has been raised; rise B．has been risen; raise
C．has raised; rise D．has raised; rose
7．Be sure to read the ______ in the guidebook before you begin to use the new computer. A．instructions B．solution C．descriptions D．message 8．Timoteo has an unusual job — he is a human traffic _________.
A．sign B．signal C．mark D．symbol
9．No ______ has proved that eating too much is the main cause of the weight problem. A．doubt B．wonder C．evidence D．belief
10．The practice of hanging flags is a common _______ in many parts of the country on National Day.
A．sight B．scenery C．sign D．signal
11．This unjust _______ of people on the basis of skin color was challenged. A．determination B．adaptation C．separation D．submission 12．As we all know, there is a close ______ between diet and health.
A．connection B．evidence C．power D．belief
13．The building under _____for stay-at-home children will be completed in March A．contribution B．construction
C．coincidence D．composition
14．In the process of getting rid of racial________,the USA is left far behind. A．discrimination B．compromise C．substitute D．disadvantage 15．Being a soldier, he has a strong sense of ________.
A．desire B．discipline C．force D．privacy 16．—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?
—Well, you know, English is my ________. So it is my best choice.
A．strength B．talent
C．ability D．skill
17．He has been spreading false stories in a(n)____________to smear(诽谤)us.
A．attempt B．programme C．intention D．dream
18．Due to the ________ of this medical technology, some diseases can be treated at the early stage.
A．appreciation B．application
C．appointment D．approach
19．Modem TVs use many of the ________ first discovered by Farnsworth, who contributed a lot to the development of TV
A．platforms B．principles C．sources D．symptoms 20．The _____ of the trees in the water was very clear.
A．mirror B．sight C．reflection D．shadow 21．Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________．
A．consequence B．independence
C．competence D．intelligence
22．The explorer got a disease in blood for ________of fresh vegetables and fruit.
A．sake B．lack
C．ignorance D．knock
23．It is a great____________ for our country to hold the 2022 Winter Olympic.
A．signal B．function C．honor D．agreement
24．On _________ that all go smoothly, we can realize our annual goals as expected. A．situation B．case C．condition D．environment
25．If violence is not kept in check by bringing the guilty to ____, matters will go beyond what the public can tolerate.
A．equality B．justice C．regulation D．liberation
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：痛苦的经历使她的感情枯竭，但她不是那种被命运打败的扭曲的女人。A. damage破坏；B. collapse崩溃；C. twist转动，扭曲；D. share分享。结合句意表示“扭曲”，故选C。
2．C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自动驾驶智能巴士已经在中国10个城市投入运营，最新的一次扩展是今年8月在上海。A. exploration探索，勘探；B. exclusion排外；C. expansion扩大，扩展；D. explosion爆炸。根据句意及选项，此处是说自动驾驶智能巴士最新一次投入使用是在上海。故选C。
3．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他站在水边眺望湖对岸。A. edge边缘；B. course课程，过程；
C. exit出口。根据生活常识，是站在水边眺望，故选A。
4．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我建议你申请入会。会员可以享受15%的折扣。A. discount折扣；B. dictation听写；C. favor帮助，赞同。根据上一句建议入会，所以推知入会是有好处的，故选A。
5．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义和短语辨析。句意：没有许可证而拥有武器的人被认为违法。A. command命令；B. control 控制；C. charge负责；D. possession拥有。根据句意可知，此处固定短语in possession of“拥有”符合语境。故选D。
6．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和名词。句意：自从1949年以来，人民的生活水平提高了，导致了人口的大幅增长。根据句子中的Since 1949可知，此处应用现在完成时，raise是及物动词有被动，故C、D项错误；rise为不及物动词无被动，故B项错误，根据句子可知，raise与people’s living standard之间是被动关系，故填has been raised;第二空由a big可知，用名词，rise当名词讲意为“增长；上升”。故选A。
7．A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在你使用新电脑前，一定要阅读说明书上的说明。A. instructions指示，说明；B. solution解决方法；C. descriptions描述；D. message信息。结合句意可知，此处用“说明”符合语境，故选A项。
8．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：铁穆特欧有一个不同寻常的工作——人体交通信号灯。A. sign 符号；B. signal信号；C. mark记号；D. symbol象征。这里指“交通信号灯”，所以用traffic signal。故选B。
【点睛】
名词mark、sign、signal和symbol的区别：
mark (标志，标记)事物留下的印迹/标记或有别于其他事物的特征，比如trade marks；sign (标记，符号)=symbol；指示牌、告示牌、店牌等；比喻“征兆，迹象”；
signal (信号，暗号)常指约定俗成，用于传达某些信息的信号，可以灯光，声音或图画的形式来表现。
symbol (象征，符号)指人们用某物体或图案代表另一事物，并作为该事物的标记或象征。本题根据“Timoteo has an unusual job”可知，Timoteo扮演的是“人体交通信号灯”，所以用human traffic signal，从而选择出正确的答案。
9．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：没有证据表明吃的过多是引起体重问题的主要原因。A. doubt疑问；B. wonder难怪；C. evidence证据；D. belief信念。根据句意理解，没有证据可以证明肥胖问题的原因这种说法比较通顺容易理解。故选C项。
10．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在国庆节挂国旗的习俗在全国许多地方是很常见的景象。A. sight景象，指眼见的景色，如城市景象或自然风光，也指人造景物或奇特的景象；B. scenery风景，指某一国家或地区的群山、森林等自然风景；C. sign签名；D. signal信号。此处国庆节挂国旗为人造景象应用sight。故选A。
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种以肤色为基础的不公正的种族隔离受到了挑战。A. determination决心；B. adaptation适应；C. separation隔离，分离；D. submission投降，提交。结合句意表示“分离”应用separation。故选C。
12．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我们都知道，饮食和健康之间有密切的联系。A. connection联系；B. evidence证据；C. power力量，能力；D. belief信念，信仰。此处指饮食和健康两者的联系，故选A。
13．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析及固定搭配。contribution贡献，捐赠，捐助；construction建造，建筑物; coincidence巧合; 一致；composition作文，作曲。句意: 正在被建的留守儿童楼将于3月竣工。本句说的是建筑物，因此要用建造中。under construction意为“（正在）修建中”，
因此选B。
14．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在摆脱种族歧视的过程中，美国被远远抛在后面。A. discrimination歧视；B. compromise妥协；C. substitute代替；D. disadvantage缺点。根据空前的“racial”可知，此处指种族“歧视”，故选A项。
15．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名战士，他有很强的纪律性。A. desire欲望；B. discipline纪律；C. force力量；D. privacy隐私。结合上文Being a soldier可知形容士兵应当
是有很强的“纪律性”，故选B。
16．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你为什么选择在国际旅行社工作？——你知道，英语是我的优势。所以这是我最好的选择。A. strength优势，优点；B. talent才能；C. ability能力；
D. skill技能。由前文work in an international travel agency可知，英语是我的优势。故选A。
17．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他一直在传播虚假故事试图诽谤我们。A. attempt企图，试图；
B. programme节目，项目；
C. intention意图，目的；
D. dream梦想。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语in an attempt to do sth.“试图/企图做某事”，故选A项。
18．B
解析：B
【解析】
试题分析：appreciation感谢，欣赏，application应用，申请，appointment约会，approach 方法，接近。句意：由于这种医疗技术的应用，一些疾病可以在早期得到治疗。
考点：名词
19．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现代电视使用了最初由Farnsworth发现的许多原理，他对电视的发展做出了很大贡献。A. platforms平台；B. principles原则；C. sources来源；D. symptoms症状。根据句意可知，现代电视利用了由Farnsworth发现的原理，故选B。20．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：树木在水中的倒影非常清晰。A.mirror镜子；B.sight 视野；
C.reflection倒影；
D.shadow影子。根据in the water was very clear可知，指水中的倒影。故选C项。
21．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师们要不断地更新自己的知识以保持他们能够胜任工作的能力。A. consequence 结果； B. independence独立； C. competence 资格，能力，胜任，称职；D. intelligence 智力。根据句意，C项符合此处语境。故选C。
22．B
解析：B
【解析】
考查名词。for the sake of为了……的缘故；for lack of由于缺少；ignorance无知；knock敲打，敲击。句意：探险家因为缺少新鲜的蔬菜和水果，得了一种血液病。根据句意应选B。
23．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于我们国家来说，举办2022年冬奥会是一个巨大的荣誉。A. signal信号；B. function功能；C. honor荣誉，荣耀；D. agreement协议，同意。有机会举办冬奥会对于所有国家来说都是一个荣耀。故选C项。
24．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果一切顺利，我们就能按预期实现我们的年度目标。A. situation形势；B. case情况；C. condition状况；D. environment环境。on condition that是固定搭配，意为“如果……、在……条件下”，分析句意可知，我们实现我们的年度目标的条件是一切顺利，故此题选C。
25．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果不能通过将罪犯绳之以法来制止暴力，事情将超出公众所能忍受的范围。A. equality平等；B. justice正义；C. regulation管理；D. liberation解放。根
据句意及选项可知，此处使用名词justice。故选B。
高考英语名词知识点综合练习(1)
高考英语名词知识点综合练习(1) 一、选择题 1．The system has been meant to give students quick and easy ________ to the digital resources of the library. A．access B．passage C．way D．approach 2．Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its________by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price. A．reputation B．campaign C．appetite D．occupation 3．I suggest you apply for membership. Members can get a 15% ____________. A．discount B．dictation C．favor 4．Anyone who is in ________ of weapons without permission is considered law-breaking. A．command B．control C．charge D．possession 5．Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ________. A．excuse B．sense C．use D．value 6．A huge was lifted from my shoulders when I told my parents about my problems. A．burden B．risk C．hole D．disaster 7．Timoteo has an unusual job — he is a human traffic _________. A．sign B．signal C．mark D．symbol 8．—In spring, hens start laying eggs again, bringing a welcome source of protein. —It is ____ that lots of cultures celebrate spring by honoring the egg! A．no doubt B．no surprise C．no way D．no need 9．The ________ went extremely well, with almost all of the audience requesting further information about our 5G products. A．conservation B．imagination C．presentation D．qualification 10．If violence is not kept in check by bringing the guilty to ____, matters will go beyond what the public can tolerate. A．equality B．justice C．regulation D．liberation 11．The two neighbouring countries reached a（an） ______ on their boundary problem eventually. A．Accumulation.B．compensation C．accommodation D．ambition 12．As we all know, there is a close ______ between diet and health. A．connection B．evidence C．power D．belief 13．To those of you who received honors, awards, and ____, I say, well done. And to the average students, I say, you, too, can be President of the United States. A．distinctions B．contributions C．solutions D．attractions 14．People’s____of life has greatly improved since the reform and opening-up policy(政策)was carried out in China. A．quantity B．quality C．activity D．reality 15．During the early ____________of planetary evolution, they served to sweep the solar system. A．stages B．journeys C．species D．demands
高考英语专题一名词
考点一名词 名 词 一、可数名词单数变复数的规则 1.规则变化 规则例词 一般情况下,在词尾直接加-s book—books cap—caps tree—trees 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es glass—glasses box—boxes watch—watches brush—brushes
2.不规则变化
注意:1.fish的“数” ?
2.penny的复数形式 ? 2 pennies ? 2 pence 3.hair的“数” ? ?
4.people指“人”时是person的一种复数形式,指“民族”时其复数形 式为peoples。 one person一个人two people两个人 a people一个民族two peoples两个民族 二、名词所有格 1. 加-'s词尾的规则 2.用法 （1）用于表来人或其他有生命的名词。表示所有关系类别用途、目的或起源。Is this Mr. Black's ofie? 这是布莱克先生的办公室吗? I took over my father's company last year.我是去年接管我父亲的公司的。children's bookstore儿童书店 (2)用于表示时间距离、价格等的名词。 Have you read today's newspaper?你读今天的报纸了吗? We're going to have a six weeks' summer vacation.我们将有一-个为期六个星期的暑假。
It's only half an hour's drive from here to the nearesthospital. 从这里到最近的医院开车仅有半小时的路程。 I bought 100 dollars' worth of books.我买了100美元的书。 (3)表示国家、城市、天体等的名词常用- 's结构。 China's industry 中国的工业 the ciy' enironment这座城市的环境the earth's suface地球的表面 (4)用以构成不同的节日。 April Fo's Day愚人节Children'sDay儿童节 Mothe's Day母亲节Teaches Day教师节 (5)用来表示店铺、医院、学校、住宅及公共建筑时，名词所有格后常常不出现它所修饰的名词。 at the barber's (shop)在理发店at Dick's (home)在迪克家 at the Whites' ( home )在怀特家里at the doctor's ( ffice)在医院at the tailor's ( shop)在裁缝店 (6)-'s用于学位中。 a Bachelor's degree学土学位 a master's degree硕士学位 a doctor's degree博士学位 (7)有时为了避免重复，可以单独使用-'s所有格，在句中相当于名词My views are quite different from my father's.我的观点与我父亲的非常不同。 My camera is the same as Ron's.我的照相机和罗恩的一样。 (8)由and连接的两个或多个名词，表示共同拥有时，只将最后一个名词变为所有格形式;如果是各自所有，则每个名词都要变成所有格 Jonh and Mary’s school Jonh’s and Mary’s schools (9)不定代词后加else,在else后加“-'s” somebody else's possessions 3.of所有格
高考语法专项练习：名词和名词短语
名词 2004 1.The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a ______ of 60 miles.【全国I28】 A. length B. distance C. way D. space 2.I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children’s ______.【天津26】 A. reach B. hand C. hold D. place 3.Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within ______ of little children.【湖北21】 A. hand B. reach C. space D. distance 2005 4.Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ______.【天津10】 A. ability B. force C. strength D. mind 5.He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his ______ was seen at its best when he worked with others.【上海43】 A. temper B. appearance C. talent D. character 6.I am sure David will be able to find the library—he has a pretty good ______ of direction.【浙江16】 A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense 7.The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has ______ all over the country.【辽宁27】 A. companies B. branches C. organizations D. businesses 8.My ______ of this weekend’s activity is going out with some good friends.【安徽28】 A. idea B. opinion C. mind D. thought 2006 9.It is no ______ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.【全国II11】 A. use B. help C. time D. way 10.Finding information in today’s world is easy. The ______ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.【天津15】 A. ability B. competition C. challenge D. knowledge 11.When Jane began to take swimming lessons, her main ______ was the fear of water.【上海42】 A. evidence B. crisis C. obstacle D. danger 12.You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of ______.【广东34】 A. date B. shape C. order D. balance 13.—If you like I can do some shopping for you. —That’s a very kind ______.【浙江17】 A. offer B. service C. point D. suggestion 14.School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous ______.【辽宁32】 A. states B. conditions C. situations D. positions 15.To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their ______ and weaknesses.【湖北21】 A. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. values 16.The ______ on his face told me that he was angry.【湖北23】 A. impression B. sight C. appearance D. expression 17.At the meeting they discussed three different ______ to the study of mathematics.【湖北24】 A. approaches B. means C. methods D. ways 18.Always read the ______ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.【福建35】 A. explanations B. instructions C. descriptions D. introductions 19.It is said that dogs will keep you ______ for as long as you want when you are feelinglonely.【江西 28】 A. safety B. company C. house D. friend 20.My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ______ it.【陕西10】 A. in honour of B. in memory of C. in favour of D. in search of 2007
高考英语必考点：考点妙解名词
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