中国人民大学考博英语模拟试卷9(题后含答案及解析)
中国人民大学考博英语模拟试卷9(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. English-Chinese Translation 4. Chinese-English Translation 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．The plane found the spot and hovered close enough to_____that it was a car.A．ensureB．examineC．verifyD．testify正确答案：C解析：各项的意思是：ensure“保证、担保”；examine“检查”；verify“(侧重于经过核查)证明、证实”；testify“作证、证明”。
根据句意判断，答案为C。
2．The encouraging factor is that the____majority of people find the idea of change acceptable.A．numerousB．vastC．mostD．massive正确答案：B解析：各项的意思是：numerous“许多的，很多的”；vast“广阔的；大量的；巨大的”；most“最多的，大多数的”：massive“大量的；厚重的；巨大的”，只有vast可以与majority搭配。
根据句意判断，答案为B。
3．The increase in student numbers____many problems for the universities.A．forcesB．pressesC．providesD．poses正确答案：D解析：各项的意思是：force“迫使，强迫；推动”；press“按，压；逼迫”；provide“提供；规定；准备”；pose“提出，陈述；造成，形成”，可与problem，argument和question等搭配，pose…problem表示“提出(或造成)问题”。
根据句意判断，答案为D。
4．Please____from smoking until the aeroplane is airborne.A．refrainB．preventC．resistD．restrain正确答案：A解析：各项的意思是：refrain“节制，克制；避免；制止”，refrain from“忍住，抑制，制止”，一般用法是restrain(sb．)from doing sth．；prevent“预防，防止”；resist“抵抗；忍耐”；restrain“抑制，约束；制止”。
根据句意判断，答案为A。
5．Reporters and photographers alike took great____at the rude way the actor behaved during the interview.A．annoyanceB．offenceC．resentmentD．irritation正确答案：B解析：各项的意思是：annoyance“烦恼；打扰”；offence“犯罪；违法；过错；攻击”，take offence at“因……而生气，见怪”；resentment“愤恨，怨恨”；irritation“刺激(物)；激怒”。
根据句意判断，答案为B。
6．Topics for composition should be_____to the experiences and interests of the students.A．concernedB．dependentC．connectingD．relevant正确答案：D解析：各项的意思是：concerned“有关的；关心的”；dependent“依靠的；从属的；取决于的”；connecting“连接的”；relevant“有关的，相关的”，be relevant to“与……相关，与……相应”。
根据句意判断，答案为D。
7．The novel contains some marvellously revealing_____of rural life in the 19th century.A．glancesB．glimpsesC．glaresD．gleams正确答案：B解析：各项的意思是：glance可作vi．／n．，作名词讲时指“一瞥，眼光”；glimpse“一瞥，微现，闪耀(光)”，可用作比喻；glare“眩目，眩目的光，显眼”；gleam“微弱的闪光，一丝光线”。
根据句意判断，答案为B。
8．Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his____to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied.A．reactionB．commentC．impressionD．comprehension正确答案：A解析：各项的意思是：reaction to“对……的反应”；comment on“对……进行评论”，而impression和comprehension一般与of搭配。
根据句意判断，答案为A。
9．Picking flowers in the park is absolutely____.A．avoidedB．prohibitedC．rejectedD．repelled正确答案：B解析：各项的意思是：avoid“避免；躲避；消除”；prohibit“禁止，由权威(如法律、规则等)禁止”；reject“拒绝；排斥；抵制”；repel“击退；使厌恶”。
根据句意判断，答案为B。
10．Tony has not the least_____of giving up his research work.A．intentionB．interestC．wishD．desire正确答案：A解析：各项的意思是：intention“意图、目的”，后可接of短语；interest“兴趣”；wish“愿望”；desire“愿望，心愿”。
根据句意判断，答案为A。
11．Two of the children have to sleep in one bed,but the other three have____ones.A．similarB．singularC．differentD．separate正确答案：D解析：各项的意思是：similar“相似的”；singular“单数的，单一的；异常的”；different“不同的，个别的”；separate“分开的，单独的”。
根据句意判断，答案为D。
12．Am I to understand that his new post____no responsibility with it at all?A．keepsB．supportsC．carriesD．possesses正确答案：C解析：各项的意思是：keep“保持；经营；遵守”；support“支持；供养”；carry“带有、持有(权利或凭证)”。
possess“占有，拥有”，主语一般为人。
根据句意判断，答案为C。
13．Animals that could not____themselves to the changed environment perished and those that could survived.A．changeB．adaptC．modifyD．conform正确答案：B解析：adapt oneself to是习惯用法，表示“使自己适应或习惯于某事”。
其他三个词不用于“V．+反身代词+to…”结构。
根据句意判断，答案为B。
14．He____interrupted me by asking many irrelevant questions.A．carelesslyB．carefullyC．continuallyD．consequently正确答案：C解析：各项的意思是：carelessly“粗心地”；carefully“小心地”；continually “不停地”；consequently“所以，因此”。
根据句意判断，答案为C。
15．If you don’t____smoking, you’ll never get better.A．give offB．give outC．giver overD．give up正确答案：D解析：各项的意思是：give off“发出，冒出”；give out“发表，用完”；give over“交托，留出”；give up“放弃，交出”。
根据句意判断，答案为D。
16．Scientists have discovered a close_____between smoking and several serious diseases.A．actionB．connectionC．unionD．function正确答案：B解析：各项的意思是：action“行动，活动；情节”；connection“联系”；union “联盟，联合；协会”；function“功能；职责”。
根据句意判断，答案为B。
17．Despite his occasional fondness for gambling,he is still considered as a good boy_____.A．as the wholeB．for the wholeC．by the wholeD．on the whole正确答案：D解析：“on the whole”是一个固定短语，意为“总的看来，大体上”。
根据句意判断，答案为D。
18．We’ve_____sugar.Ask Mrs.Jones to lend us some.A．run away withB．run out ofC．run offD．run down正确答案：B解析：各项的意思是：run away with“与……一起跑掉，不受约束”；run out of“用完；从……奔出”；run off“跑掉，迅速写出”；run down“往下跑，健康衰退”。
根据句意判断，答案为B。
19．I can’t_____him from his brother.They look very much alike.A．keepB．separateC．distinguishD．prevent正确答案：C解析：各项的意思是：keep from和prevent from“阻止……，防止……”；separate from“分离”；distinguish(one from another)“区分、分清”。
2004年中国人民大学考博英语真题试卷(精选)(题后含答案及解析)
2004年中国人民大学考博英语真题试卷（精选）(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympics somehow encourages ______ patriotism.A．obsoleteB．aggressiveC．harmoniousD．amiable正确答案：B2．One can understand others much better by noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and ______ to expressed thoughts.A．dilemmasB．countenancesC．concessionsD．junctions正确答案：B3．People innately ______ for superiority over their peers although it sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power.A．striveB．ascertainC．justifyD．adhere正确答案：A4．Some scientists have suggested that Earth is a kind of zoo or wildlife ______ for intelligent space beings, like the wilderness areas we have set up on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe them.A．conservationB．maintenanceC．storageD．reserve’正确答案：D5．According to the latest report, consumer confidence ______ a breathtaking 15 points last month, to its lowest level in 9 years.A．soaredB．mutatedC．plummetedD．’fluctuated正确答案：C6．Melissa is a computer ______ that destroyed files in computers and frustrated thousands of users around the world.A．geniusB．virusC．diseaseD．bacteria正确答案：B7．The ______ emphasis on examinations is by far the worst form of competition in schools.A．negligentB．edibleC．fabulousD．disproportionate正确答案：D8．The boy seemed more ______ to their poverty after seeing how his grandparents lived.A．reconciledB．consolidatedC．deterioratedD．attributed正确答案：A9．During his two-month stay in China, Tom never ______ a chance to practice his Chinese.A．passed onB．passed upC．passed byD．passed out10．When a person dies, his debts must be paid before his ______ can be distributed.A．paradoxesB．legaciesC．platitudesD．analogies正确答案：B11．He claims that advertising today tends to portray women in traditional roles such as cooking or taking care of the baby.A．depictB．advocateC．criticizeD．analyze正确答案：A12．They achieved more than they had ever dreamed, lending a magic to their family story that no tale or ordinary life could possibly rival.A．confirmB．achieveC．matchD．exaggerate正确答案：C13．The most urgent thing is to find a dump for those toxic industrial wastes.A．imminentB．recyclableC．smellyD．poisonous正确答案：D14．British Prime Minister Tony Blair promised the electorate that guns would not be fired without an attempt to win a further U. N. sanction.A．alliesB．delegatesC．votersD．juries15．The analysis suggests that the tradeoff between our children’s college and our own retirement security is chilling.A．frighteningB．promisingC．freezingD．revealing正确答案：A16．Their signing of the treaty was regarded as a conspiracy against the British Crown.A．secret planB．bold attackC．clever designD．joint effort正确答案：A17．Evidence, reference, and footnotes by the thousand testify to a scrupulous researcher who does considerable justice to a full range of different theoretical and political positions.A．trustworthyB．intelligentC．diligentD．meticulous正确答案：D18．Despite their spartan, isolated lifestyle, there are no stories of women being raped or wanton violence against civilians in the region.A．intriguingB．exasperatingC．demonstrativeD．unprovoked正确答案：D19．The gang derived their nickname from their dark clothing and blacked up faces for nocturnal raids in the forest.A．illegalB．night-timeC．brutalD．abusive正确答案：B20．Though sometimes too lazy to work as hard as her sisters, Linda has a more avid fondness for the limelight.A．mercurialB．gallantC．ardentD．frugal正确答案：CClozeLike many other aspects of the computer age, Yahoo began as an idea,【21】into a hobby and lately has【22】into a full-time passion. The two developers of Yahoo, David Filo and Jerry Yang, Ph. D candidates【23】Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, started their guide in April 1994 as a way to keep【24】of their personal interest on the internet. Before long they【25】that their home-brewed lists were becoming too long and【26】. Gradually they began to spend more and more time on Yahoo. During 1994, they【27】yahoo into a customized database designed to【28】the needs of the thousands of users【29】began to use the service through the closely 【30】Internet community. They developed customized software to help them【31】locate, identify and edit material【32】on the Internet. The name Yahoo is【33】to stand for “Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle”, but Filo and Yang insist they selected the【34】because they considered themselves yahoos. Yahoo itself first【35】on Yang’s workstation, “akebono”, while the search engine was【36】on Filo’s computer, “Konishiki”. In early 1995 Marc Andreessen, co-founder of Netscape Communication in Mountain View, California, invited Filo and Yang to move their files【37】to larger computers【38】at Netscape. As a result Stanford’s computer network returned to【39】, and both parties benefited. Today, Yahoo【40】organized information on tens of thousands of computers linked to the web.21．A．becameB．grewC．turnD．intend正确答案：B22．A．made B．saw C．looked D．turned正确答案：D23．A．inB．on C．about D．for正确答案：A24．A．touch B．contact C．track D．record正确答案：C25．A．founded B．found C．argued D．reported 正确答案：B26．A．unwieldy B．tough C．tamable D．invaluable 正确答案：A27．A．exchanged B．shank C．sold D．converted正确答案：D28．A．explain B．serve C．discover D．evaluate正确答案：B29．A．which B．that C．actually D．eagerly正确答案：B30．A．relative B．interactive C．bound D．contacted 正确答案：C31．A．fluently B．efficiently C．exactly D．actually正确答案：B32．A．transmitted B．purchased C．sold D．stored正确答案：D33．A．about B．bound C．going D．supposed正确答案：D34．A．fable B．model C．name D．brand正确答案：C35．A．supported B．resided C．lived D．launched 正确答案：B36．A．connected B．lodged C．introduced D．linked正确答案：B37．A．over B．away C．inside D．beneath 正确答案：A38．A．housed B．caught C．hosed D．hidden正确答案：A39．A．averageB．normalC．ordinaryD．equal正确答案：B40．A．attainsB．detainsC．maintainsD．contains正确答案：DReading ComprehensionGuthrie’s contiguity principle offers practical suggestions for how to break habits. One application of the threshold method involves the time young children spend on academic activities. Young children have short attention spans, so the length of time they can sustain work on one activity is limited. Most activities are scheduled to last no longer than 30 to 40 minutes. However, at the start of the school year, attention spans quickly wane and behavior problems often result to apply Guthrie’s theory, a teacher might, at the start of the year, limit activities to 15 to 20 minutes. Over the next few weeks the teacher could gradually increase the time students spend working on a single activity. The threshold method also can be applied to teaching printing and handwriting. When children first learn to form letters, their movements are awkward and they lack fine motor coordination. The distances between lines on a page are purposely wide so children can fit the letters into the space. If paper with narrow lines is initially introduced, students’ letters would spill over the borders and students might become frustrated. Once students can form letters within the larger borders, they can use paper with smaller borders to help them refine their skills. The fatigue method can be applied when disciplining disruptive students who build paper airplanes and sail them across the room. The teacher can remove the students from the classroom, give them a large stack of paper, and tell them to start making paper airplanes. After the students have made several airplanes, the activity should lose its attraction and paper will become a cue for not building airplanes. Some students continually race around the gym when they first enter their physical education class. To employ the fatigue method, the teacher might decide to have these students continue to run a few more laps after the class has begun.The incompatible response method can be used with students who talk and misbehave in the media center. Reading is incompatible with talking. The media center teacher might ask the students to find interesting books and read them while in the center. Assuming that the students find the books enjoyable, the media center will, over time, become a cue for selecting and reading books rather than for talking with other students. In a social studies class some students regularly fall asleep. The teacher realized that using the board and overhead projector while lecturing was very boring. Soon the teacher began to incorporate other elements into each lesson, such as experiments, videotapes, and debates, in an attempt to involve students and raise their interest in the course.41．The purpose of this passage is to ______.A．informB．persuadeC．debateD．narrate正确答案：D42．Guthrie identified three methods for ______.A．educating studentsB．altering bad habitsC．avoiding undesired actionD．forming good hobbies正确答案：B43．Which of the following is not the example of applying the threshold method?A．Parents introduce spinach in small bites or mixed with a food that the child enjoys over time so that the child will not refuse to eat it.B．Teachers introduce academic content in short blocks of time for young children and gradually increase session length but not to where students become frustrated or bored.C．Paper with wider lines is first used and then paper with narrow lines is introduced step by step to help children learn printing and handwriting.D．A child might be made to throw toys until it is no longer fun by his parents in order to change his behavior of repeatedly throwing toys.正确答案：D44．To stop snacking while watching television, people should keep their hands busy by sewing, painting, working crossword puzzles, and so forth. Over time,watching TV becomes a cue for engaging in an activity other than snacking. What method is used in thisA．The threshold method.B．The fatigue method.C．The incompatible response method.D．The punishment method.正确答案：C45．We can draw the conclusion from the passage that ______.A．The incompatible response method is to force child to make unwanted response repeatedly in presence of stimulus until he or she becomes exhausted.B．The threshold method refers to introducing undesired behavior with a response incompatible with the undesired response so they can not be performed simultaneously.C．The fatigue method means that engaging in the behavior is transformed into avoiding it by introducing the stimulus at full strength so it becomes a cue for not performing it.D．The fatigue method is that in presence of stimulus teachers have child make response incompatible with unwanted response.正确答案：CThe increase in global trade means that international companies cannot afford to make costly advertising mistakes if they want to be competitive. Understanding the language and culture of target markets in foreign countries is one of the keys to successful international marketing. Too many companies, however, have jumped into foreign markets with embarrassing results. Translation mistakes are at the heart of many blunders in international advertising. General Motors, the US auto manufacturer, got a costly lesson when it introduced its Chevrolet Nova to the Puerto Rican market. “Nova” is Latin for “new (star)” and means “star” in many languages, but in spoken Spanish it can sound like “no va”, meaning “it doesn’t go”. Few people wanted to buy a car with that cursed meaning. When GM changed the name to Caribe, sales “picked up” dramatically. Marketing blunders have also been made by food and beverage companies. One American food company’s friendly “Jolly Green Giant”(for advertising vegetables) became something quite different when it was translated into Arabic as “Intimidating Green Ogre”. When translated into German, Pepsi’s popular slogan, “Come Alive with Pepsi” came out implying “Come Alive from the Grave”: No wonder customers in Germany didn’t rush out to buy Pepsi. Successful international marketing doesn’t stop with good translations--other aspects of culture must be researched and understood if marketers are to avoid blunders. When marketers do not understand and appreciate the values, tastes, geography, climate, superstitions, religion, or economy of a culture, they fail to capture their target market. For example, an American designer tried to introduce a new perfume into the LatinAmerican market but the product aroused little interest. The main reason was that the camellia used in it was traditionally used for funerals in many South American countries.. Having awakened to the special nature of foreign advertising, companies are becoming much more conscientious in their translations and more sensitive to cultural distinctions. The best way to prevent errors is to hire professional translators who understand the target language and its idiomatic usage, or to use a technique called “back translation”to reduce the possibility of blunders. The process uses one person to translate a message into the target language and another to translate it back. Effective translators aim to capture the overall message of an advertisement because a word-for-word duplication of the original rarely conveys the intended meaning and often causes misunderstandings. In designing advertisements for other countries, messages need to be short and simple. They should also avoid jokes, since what is considered funny in one part of the world may not be so humorous in another.46．The best title of this passage might be ______.A．Culture Is Very Important in AdvertisingB．Avoid Cultural Misunderstanding between NationsC．Overcome Cultural Shock in Different CountriesD．Advertisements Reflect Various Life Styles正确答案：A47．What does the word “blunder” mean in this passage?A．hesitationB．mistakeC．stutterD．default正确答案：B48．Which of the following statements can be used to summarize the gist from Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 6?A．Cultural shocksB．Faulty translationsC．Avoid cultural oversightsD．Prevent blunders正确答案：B49．We can learn from the context in Paragraph 9 that the word “camellia” most probably mean ______.A．an animal used in perfume for its smellB．a piece of fabric used both in perfume and at funeralsC．a flower used in perfume for its fragrance and used for funeralsD．an ornament used in perfume and at funerals正确答案：C50．One way to prevent errors in advertising in different countries is to ______.A．fire the translators who don’t know the target languageB．use the technique called “literal translation”to reduce the possibility of blundersC．avoid cultural oversights and avoid certain jokesD．explain in details when designing advertisement for other countries正确答案：CIt is not unusual for chief executives to collect millions of dollars a year in pay, stock options, and bonuses. In the last fifteen years, while executive remuneration rose, taxes in the highest income bracket went down. Millionaires are now commonplace. Amiability is not a prerequisite for rising to the top, and there are a number of chief executive officers with legendary bad tempers. It is not the boss’job to worry about the wellbeing of his subordinates although the man with many enemies will be swept out more quickly in hard times; it is the company he worries about. His business savvy is supposed to be based on intimate knowledge of his company and the industry so he goes home nightly with a full briefcase. At the very top--and on the way up--executives are exceedingly dedicated. The American executive must be capable of enough small talk to get him through the social part of his schedule, but he is probably not a highly cultured individual or an intellectual.Although his wife may be on the board of the symphony or opera, he himself has little time for such pursuits. His reading may largely concern business and management, despite interests in other fields. Golf provides him with a sportive outlet that combines with some useful socializing. These days, he probably attempts some form of aerobic exercise to “keep the old heart in shape”and for the same reason goes easy on butter and alcohol, and substances are thought to contribute to taking highly stressed executives out of the running. But his doctor’s admonition to “take it easy” falls on deaf eyes. He likes to work. He knows there are younger men nipping at his heels. Corporate head-hunting, carried on by “executive search firms”, is a growing industry. America has great faith in individual talent, and dynamic and aggressive executives are so in demand that companies regularly raid each other’s managerial ranks.51．We can infer from the second paragraph that ______.A．promotion depends on amiabilityB．chief executives do not work hard enough at the top levelC．it is the duty of the chief executive to look after the well-being of his subordinatesD．a chief executive is expected to know more about his company and the industry正确答案：D52．The term “aerobic exercise” (first line in second last paragraph) is a kind of ______.A．hallucination exerciseB．physical exerciseC．meditation exerciseD．entertainment正确答案：B53．From the last paragraph we can gather that ______.A．there are too many aggressive executivesB．individual talent is not essential for a companyC．the job of an “executive search firm” is corporate head-huntingD．it is not common for companies to undermine each other’s managerial ranks 正确答案：C54．For executives, according to the article, a golf course is a place where ______.A．they can conduct their businessB．they can indulge themselvesC．they can cultivate their mindD．they can exercise as well as socialize正确答案：D55．What is NOT true according to the article?A．Executives tend to ignore doctors’ advice and warnings.B．Executives are sensitive to pressure from the younger generation.C．All chief executives can earn millions of dollars a year.D．Executives are careful of what they eat.正确答案：CIn November 1970 Yukio Mishima, together with some of his fanatical followers from the ultranationalistic Shield Society which he had founded in 1966, broke into the headquarters of Japan’s Eastern Defense Forces armed with swords anddaggers, overpowered some aides, tied up the commanding general, and demanded that the troops be assembled to hear a speech. Mishima addressed the troops for ten minutes, inciting them to rebel against the constitutional government imposed by the United States that had, in his words, “turned Japan spineless.” Receiving only ridicule in response, he returned to the general’s office and there, before the general’s unbelieving eyes, proceeded to kill himself in strict accordance with the traditional samurai ritual of seppuku. After Mishima had driven a dagger deep into his left abdomen, one of his aides severed his head with a sword. The aide likewise killed himself and was beheaded; the others surrendered. In 1936 there had been a similar revolt and, though equally unsuccessful, it had foreshadowed the repressive regime of General Tojo that was to stage the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. That earlier revolt is the one referred to in “Patriotism,” one of Mishima’s most powerful stories. Here life and fiction become joined. The act of seppuku was for Mishima a fulfillment, “the ultimate dream of my life.”Born of an ancient samurai family, he longed to die a hero’s death in accordance with the ancient samurai code; but his weak body kept him from service in the war, and he had to compensate through body building (he became expert at karate and kendo) and, most important, through the discipline of writing. In his short lifetime he turned out twenty novels, thirty plays, many essays, and more than eighty smiles: he also produced, directed, and acted in movies, and even sang on stage. His first book of stories, A Forest in Flower, appeared in 1943, but it was Confession of a Mask (1948), dealing with the meditations of a young man of homosexual leanings in a repressive society, that brought him fame. Mishima has been called “Japan’s Hemingway,”while others have compared him to “aesthetic”writers like Walter Peter and Oscar Wilde.56．The article implies that ______.A．Mishima refused to join the army when he was youngB．Mishima has been regarded as a lunatic writerC．Mishima is a person who is hard to defineD．Critics all agree that Mishima is an aesthetic writer正确答案：C57．The aim of the rebel led by Mishima was ______.A．to capture the commanding generalB．to urge the government to declare a war against AmericaC．to incite the soldiers to rebel against the constitutional governmentD．to force the Emperor to give up the throne正确答案：C58．In the 1970 rebel, the speech made by Mishima ______.A．was well received by the soldiersB．was laughed at by the soldiersC．impressed the commanding generalD．left a deep impression to the soldiers正确答案：B59．What is TRUE according to the article?A．The general knew that Mishima had longed to die a hero’s death.B．The general was greatly taken aback by Mishima’s suicide attempt.C．Some soldiers surrendered after Mishima’s speech.D．One of Mishima’s aides was killed by the soldiers.正确答案：A60．Mishima became a well-known writer after he had ______.A．written “Patriotism”, one of his most powerful storiesB．written eighty short storiesC．published “A Forest in Flower”D．published “Confession of a Mask”正确答案：DWriting61．Write an essay in no less than 250 words with the title “My Understanding of Globalization”. Your essay should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.正确答案：My Understanding of Globalization Nowadays,the word “globalization”is not unfamiliar to the mass .People hold different attitudes towards globalization . Some people show completely friendliness for it with the conception that it can bring all the good ,while others lead hostile attitude towards it ,worrying that they will bing devastating results. In my opinion ,globalization is just like the water ,which itself is neither good nor bad ,used properly can prosper and nourish an area and its culture;but dealt with improperly ,it will bring devastating results. Globalization indeed brings challenges and causes bankruptcy an unemployment .But it also brings scarce opportunities and benefits ,such as more abundant resources for use,bigger stage to perform ,better chance to be well known. When a completely new phenomenon appears ,there are always people who are blind to the downside effects it may bring , and also ,there will always be people who exaggerate the dark side of the new phenomenon thus deny accepting it .Both of the two attitudes are not right .Wise people should pick out from the mess the good parts and then make the best of it ,while abandon the evil parts ,and minimize the negative effects it has .So it is the same with globalization---a mixed blessing.。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：23
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Edison tested more than one thousand materials to see if they could （）electric current and glow.问题1选项A.bringB.makeC.carryD.produce【答案】C【解析】动词辨析。
句意：爱迪生测试了一千多种材料，看它们是否能携带电流并发光。
选项C最符合语境。
2.单选题Bank notes are not usually （）into gold nowadays.问题1选项A.invertedB.revertibleC.convertibleD.diverting 【答案】C【解析】形近词辨析。
句意：现在的纸币通常不能兑换成黄金。
选项C符合句意。
3.单选题Am I to understand that his new post （） no responsibility with it at all?问题1选项A.keepsB.supportsC.carriesD.possesses【答案】C【解析】常用搭配。
carry responsibility为常用搭配,意为“承担责任”。
选项C符合句意。
4.单选题Advocates of private school argue that education in one of these facilities is more valuable and（） than any other educational opportunity.问题1选项A.awardedB.awardingC.rewardedD.rewarding【答案】D【解析】形近词辨析。
根据句意可知，填空处应填入形容词，只有选项D是形容词，所以正确。
5.单选题The most urgent thing is to find a dump for those toxic industrial wastes.问题1选项A.imminentB.recyclableC.smellyD.poisonous【答案】D【解析】形容词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试预测题精选专练VII(附带答案)卷9
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题The paint on the clown’s face（） that it scared the children he was trying to entertain. 问题1选项A.was so exaggerationB.were an exaggerationC.was such an exaggerationD.was exaggerating【答案】C【解析】根据后面的that可知，这里考查so （such）…that...的句型。
so后面接形容词或副词，such后接名词。
exaggeration为名词，所以选项C正确。
2.单选题He told a story about his sister who was in a sad（） when she was ill and had no money. 问题1选项A.plightB.polarizationC.plagueD.pigment【答案】A【解析】plight困境；polarization两极分化；plague瘟疫，灾祸；pigment颜料，色素。
in a sad plight指处于困境。
选项A符合句意。
3.单选题All workers, regardless of their sex and education, are required to （）at the age of 60. 问题1选项A.resignB.retireC.regainD.retain【答案】B【解析】动词词义辨析。
根据句意可知，这里指退休，只有选项B符合要求。
For the last 20 years or so the subject of global warming has（）heated debate among the world’s brightest minds.问题1选项A.spawnedB.injectedC.modeledD.moved【答案】A【解析】动词词义辨析。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：31
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Topics for composition should be （） to the experiences and interests of the students.问题1选项A.concernedB.dependentC.connectingD.relevant【答案】D【解析】固定搭配。
选项A一般与with搭配；选项B一般与on/upon搭配；选项C可与with和to搭配，意为“与…相连”；be relevant to意为“与…有关的”。
选项D符合语境。
2.单选题I （）you that the goods will be delivered next week.问题1选项A.insistB.confirmC.assureD.ensure 【答案】C【解析】近义词辨析。
sb. confirm that证实......；assure sb. that...向某人保证......；sb. ensure that...确保某事会发生。
选项C更符合语境。
3.单选题Despite their spartan, isolated lifestyle, there are no stories of women being raped or wanton violence against civilians in the region.问题1选项A.intriguingB.exasperatingC.demonstrativeD.unprovoked【答案】D【解析】形容词词义辨析。
根据句意可知，划线部分词应该为贬义，首先排除选项A和C；其次如果选B，这里应该指让人感到愤怒的，用-ed的形式，所以选项B不正确；选项D正确，指无缘无故的，符合语境。
4.翻译题One might ask why speculation is permitted when there is so real a danger of loss. The basic reason is that speculation can perform useful functions in the economy. Buying a commodity or the stock in the belief that prices will rise speeds market equilibrium and encourages faster entry of more suppliers. If the price change lagged until after an actual commodity shortage had occurred, the fluctuation would probably be sharper and more sudden. Remedial supply action could not be further delayed. Similarly, if speculators foresee a surplus in some commodity, their selling of futures will help drive the price down to some extent before the surplus actually occurs. When speculators foresee a shortage and bid up the price, they are also helping to conserve the present supply. As the price goes up, less of the commodityis purchased; a rise in price encourages users to economize. Similarly, a lowering of price encourages users to buy more, thus helping to sell the surplus which is developing.【答案】当确实存在遭受损失的风险时，人们不禁要问为什么允许进行投机活动。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：9
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期（含答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题During his two-month stay in China, Tom never （）a chance to practice his Chinese.问题1选项A.passed onB.passed upC.passed byD.passed out【答案】B【解析】动词词组辨析。
pass on传递，继续，去世；pass up拒绝，错过；pass by走过，经过；pass out分发，昏倒。
这里指没有错过一次练习中文的机会。
选项B符合句意。
2.单选题The Internet has been around for an almost equal amount of time as most forms of media, but only recently（）a popular way of retrieving information.问题1选项A.has it becomeB.it has becameC.it becomesD.does it become【答案】A【解析】语法知识。
根据only可知这里应该用倒装，首先排除选项B和C；填空处应用现在完成时表示过去对现在产生影响，所以选项A正确。
3.单选题A product is to be regarded as being （）when introduced into the commerce of another country at less than its normal value.问题1选项A.dischargedB.discardedC.disposedD.dumped【答案】D【解析】上下文语义。
句意：一种产品以低于正常价值的价格进入另一国家的贸易时，被认为是。
根据语境可知，这里应填入与进出口货物相关的词汇。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：50
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题In most countries, the metric system has been （）for all measurement.问题1选项A.admittedB.adaptedC.appliedD.adopted【答案】D【解析】动词词义辨析。
句意：在大多数国家，所有的计量都采用公制。
选项D符合句意。
2.单选题In his typically American open style of communication, Mr. Hayes confronted Isabeta about not looking at him. Reluctantly, she explained why. As a newcomer from Mexico, she had been taught to avoid eye contact as a mark of respect to authority figures, teachers, employers, parents. Mr. Hayes did not know this. He then informed her that most Americans interpret lack of eye contact as disrespect and deviousness. Ultimately, he convinced Isabela to try and change her habit, which she slowly did.People from many Asian, Latin American, and Caribbean cultures also avoid eye contact as a sign of respect. Many African Americans, especially from the South, observe this custom, too.A master’s thesis by Samuel Avoian, a graduate student at Central Missouri State Univ ersity, tells how misinterpreting eye-contact customs can have a negative impact when white football coaches recruit African American players for the teams.He reports that, when speaking, white communicators usually look away from the listener, only periodically glancing at them. They do the opposite when listening. They are expected to look at the speaker all the time. Many African Americans communicate in an opposite way. When speaking, they tend to constantly stare at the listener; when listening, they mostly look away. Therefore, if white sports recruiters are not informed about these significant differences, they can be misled about interest and attentiveness when interviewing prospective African American ball players.In multicultural America, issues of eye contact have brought about social conflicts of two different kinds in many urban centers, non-Korean customers became angry when Korean shopkeepers did not look at them directly. The customers translated the lack of eye contact as a sign of disrespect, a habit blamed for contributing to the open confrontation taking place between some Asians and African Americans in New York, Texas, and California. Many teachers too have provided stories about classroom conflicts based on their misunderstanding Asian and Latin American children lack of eye contact as being disrespectful.On the other hand, direct eye contact has now taken on a new meaning among the younger generation and across ethnic borders. Particularly in urban centers, when one teenager looks directly at another, this is considered a provocation, sometimes called mad-dogging, and can lead to physical conflict.Mad-dogging has become the source of many campus conflicts. In one high school, it resultedin a fight between Cambodian newcomers and African-American students. The Cambodians had been staring at the other students merely to learn how Americans behave, yet the others misinterpreted the Cambodians’ intentions and the fight began.Mad-dogging seems to be connected with the avoidance of eye contact as a sign of respect. Thus, in the urban contemporary youth scene, if one looks directly at another, this disrespects, or “disses,” that person. Much like the archaic phrase “I demand satisfaction,” which became the overture to a duel. Mad-dogging may become a prelude to a physical encounter. At the entrances to Universal Studio’s “City Walk” attraction in Los Angeles, they have posted Code of Conduct signs. The second rule warns against “physically over bally threatening any person, fighting, annoying others through noisy or boisterous activities or by unnecessary staring...”1.Many African Americans from the South（） .2.When listening to the others, white communicators tend to（） .3.Many customers in American cities are angry with Korean shopkeepers because（） .4.Mad-dogging refers to（） .5.The archaic phrase, “I demand satisfaction”（） .问题1选项A.adopt a typically American open style of communicationB.often misinterpret the meaning of eye contactC.avoid eye contact as a sign of respectD.are taught to avoid eye contact whenever telling to the others问题2选项A.look at the speaker all the timeB.glance at the speaker periodicallyC.look away from the speakerD.stare at the speaker问题3选项A.Korean shopkeepers do not look at them directlyB.they expect a more enthusiastic reflection from the shopkeepersC.there are some social conflicts in many urban centersD.they are not informed about difference between cultures问题4选项A.a provocation from one teenager to another of a different ethnic backgroundB.physical conflict among the younger generation in urban centersC.a lack of eye contact as a sign of respectD.the source of many campus conflicts across ethnic borders in urban centers问题5选项A.was connected with the avoidance of eye contactB.often led to a fightC.was a sign of disrespectD.often resulted in some kind of misinterpretation【答案】第1题:C第2题:A第3题:A第4题:A第5题:B【解析】1.根据关键词“African Americans, from the South”定位到第二段第二句“Many African Americans, especially from the Sout h, observe this custom, too.”这里的“custom”即上一句提到的“avoid eye contact as a sign of respect.”选项C与原文描述一致。
2008年中国人民大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2008年中国人民大学考博英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. English-Chinese Translation 4. Chinese-English Translation 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．In general, the______amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total for living expenses.A．acceptableB．advisableC．availableD．applicable正确答案：B解析：本题答案是B。
B项的意思是：advisable可取的，明智的。
其他各项的意思是：acceptable可接受的，合意的；available有空的，接受探访的；applicable 可适用的，可应用的。
2．Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, ______the color of his skin.A．with the exception ofB．in the light ofC．by virtue ofD．regardless of正确答案：D解析：本题答案是D。
D项的意思是：regardless of不顾，不管。
其他各项的意思是：with the exception of除……以外；in the light of根据，依据；by virtue of依靠，凭借，由于。
3．Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their fullA．capacityB．strengthC．lengthD．possibility正确答案：A解析：本题答案是A。
考博英语模拟试卷9(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语模拟试卷9(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Grammar 3. Cloze 4. Reading Comprehension 5. English-Chinese Translation 6. Chinese-English Translation 7. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．And the topic “fat” is forbidden. Even the slightest paunch betrays that one is losing the trim and ______ of youth.A．vagueB．vigorC．vogueD．vulgar正确答案：B解析：vigor精神；trim整齐，整洁；vague含糊的，不清楚的；vogue时髦，流行；vulgar庸俗的，普通的。
2．All specialists agree that the most important consideration with diet drugs is carefully ______ the risks and benefits.A．valuingB．evaluatingC．estimatingD．weighing正确答案：D解析：value的意思是estimate the money value of something，即给某物估价，而value sth/sb是“重视某物或某人”的意思；evaluate评估，估价，evaluate sth 一般只是单独的评估某物，不含比较的意思；estimate(粗略)估计成本、大小、价值等；weigh仔细考虑某事物的相当价值或重要性，权衡，斟酌，如weigh the pros and cons权衡正反两方面的意见；此句是说要仔细权衡减肥药物的危险和好处，所以选D最恰当。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：89
2022年考研考博-考博英语-中国人民大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Reporters and photographers alike took great （）at the rude way the actor behaved during the interview.问题1选项A.annoyanceB.offenceC.resentmentD.irritation【答案】B【解析】固定搭配。
take offence at sth., 意为“对某事生气”。
选项B符合句意。
2.单选题Tom Jones, who（） around the world, will come to Asia next month.问题1选项A.will be touringB.have touredC.had been touringD.has been touring 【答案】D【解析】根据句意可知，这里是已经开始并持续进行的动作，所以应该用现在完成进行时。
选项D正确。
3.单选题People innately（） for superiority over their peers although it sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power.问题1选项A.striveB.ascertainC.justifyD.adhere【答案】A【解析】固定搭配。
strive for意为“争取, 奋斗”；选项B为及物动词；选项C和D通常与介词to搭配。
所以选项A正确。
4.单选题Terrorists murder and kidnap people,（）bombs, hijack airplanes, set fires, and commit other serious crimes.问题1选项A.light upB.set offC.plant inD.ignite【答案】B【解析】动词词组辨析。
博士英语模拟试题
博士英语模拟试题一、听力理解（每题1分，共20分）1. 听对话，选择正确答案：- A: What's the weather like today?- B: It's quite sunny, but it's not too hot.- 问题：What is the weather like?- A) It's very hot.- B) It's raining.- C) It's sunny.2. 听短文，选择正确答案：- In the short passage, the speaker talks about the importance of water conservation. He mentions that water is a precious resource and we should take measures to save it.- 问题：What is the speaker mainly discussing?- A) The scarcity of water.- B) The importance of water conservation.- C) How to purify water.二、阅读理解（每题2分，共30分）Passage 1:In recent years, the number of students pursuing their doctorate degrees has been on the rise. This trend is attributed to the increasing demand for highly skilled professionals in various fields. However, the journey towards a Ph.D. is not an easy one, as it requires a significantamount of dedication, hard work, and time investment.Questions:1. Why is the number of students pursuing doctorate degrees increasing?A) Because of the decreasing demand for skilled professionals.B) Due to the increasing demand for highly skilled professionals.C) Because of the ease of the Ph.D. journey.2. What does the passage imply about the Ph.D. journey?A) It is an easy path.B) It requires a lot of dedication and hard work.C) It is a short-term commitment.Passage 2:The advancement in technology has revolutionized the way we communicate and share information. Social media platforms,for instance, have become an integral part of our daily lives, connecting people across the globe. However, with the rise of these platforms, concerns about privacy and data securityhave also grown.Questions:1. What has the advancement in technology led to?A) A decline in communication.B) A revolution in communication and information sharing.C) A decrease in the use of social media.2. What concerns have grown with the rise of social mediaplatforms?A) Concerns about the quality of communication.B) Concerns about privacy and data security.C) Concerns about the decline in the use of traditional media.三、词汇与结构（每题1分，共20分）1. The research team is currently _______ a new drug that could treat this disease.- A) developing- B) discovering- C) inventing2. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work _______ on schedule.- A) proceeded- B) progressed- C) continued四、写作（共30分）Task: Write an essay of about 250 words on the topic "The Role of Technology in Education."Sample Essay:The integration of technology in education has transformed the way students learn and teachers teach. With the advent of digital tools and online resources, education has become more accessible and interactive. Technology provides a platformfor personalized learning, allowing students to learn attheir own pace and style. It also enables teachers to track student progress and adapt their teaching methods accordingly. However, it is crucial to ensure that the use of technologyin education is balanced with traditional teaching methods to foster a holistic learning experience. While technology can enhance learning, it should not replace the human touch andthe critical thinking skills that are nurtured through face-to-face interactions.注意：以上内容为模拟试题示例，实际考试内容可能会有所不同。