英语必修3-unit4-词汇导学案
2022届高考英语一轮复习必修3Unit4 学案含解析新人教版
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars话题：职业选择【场景背诵】－－体会黑体表达并背诵全文When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major in comparative literature. But, once I found out my friends were going into “real” majors, like marketing, nursing, and engineering, I figured I needed to do the same to ensure a good career. So I changed my mind and chose Business Management as my major. I forced myself to believe that I would enjoy it and succeed in the future, but eventually I exhausted myself understanding the economy and trying new marketing techniques. Coming out of this experience, I realize it is OK to be different from others and to study things like classics, art history and other majors offered in the College of Humanities (人文学科)! (2019·高考天津3月卷· D)【话题运用】－－根据提示进行写作1．拥有更广阔的视角，我们将会更加自由，更加思想开明，并且有更少的桎梏限制我们的发展。
东明一中高一必修三英语unit4导学案2
东明一中高一(2013级)英语必修三Unit4导学案(2)Class_______ Name_________ 人教版新课标英语必修3 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars第二课时(新授课)：Reading(1)编写：贾卫宽审核：李建国，胡风霞◇学习目标：1.学生自主掌握课文(1)内黑体单词和短语、重点句型。
2.学生理解课文(1)的文章大意、结构与问题并掌握科普文的学法。
3.学生自主完成课中习题与课后作业(做到书写流畅、美观、整洁)◇学习重难点：课文的理解与科普文的学法◇学习内容与过程：★温故知新(用所给单词的适当形式填空)（A/B/C层班必做）1. Zhang Heng was one of the most famous Chinese ______________ (天文学家) in the world.2. It cost him more than one______________ (十亿) dollars to complete the project.3. The new owner has tried to give the restaurant a more friendly______________ (气氛).4. Smoking______________ (乘，增加) the risk of heart attacks and other health problems.5. Eating too many desserts can be______________ (有害的) to one’s teeth.6. According to the___________(理论) of relativity (相对论)，nothing can travel faster than light.7. Most of the evidence had been destroyed.________(因此，于是)，it was almost impossible to prove him guilty.8. ________ (不像) his brother, he likes amusing himself by playing the piano in his spare time.9. Even though the country is very rich, there still _______(存在) people suffering from hunger.10. Because of the ________ (猛烈的) natural disaster, a lot of people have lost their homes and lives.★课文理解(由浅入深，由易到难) (A/B/C层班必做)Ⅰ.Skimming for the main idea1.段落大意填空(请写出段意中空缺的核心词)Para 1. A widely accepted theory about the formation of the universe.Para 2. The formation of the earth.Para 3. The importance of water for life.Para 4. The development of plants and animals on the earth.Para 5. The arrival of humans and their impact on the earth.2.课文主旨归纳(请写出文章的大意)The passage mainly tell us ___________________________________________________________Ⅲ. Careful reading for comprehension (A/B层班必做；C层班选做)1. How did water come into being on the earth? (Within 15 words)___________________________________________________________2. In the sentence “They were in time to produce... atmosphere” in Paragraph 2, what does the word “They” refer to? (Within 3 words)___________________________________________________________3. What’s the significance of the presence of water on the earth? (Within 15 words)___________________________________________________________4. Why are mammals different from all life forms in the past? (Within 15 words)___________________________________________________________5. Why do many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to live on? (Within 25 words)__________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________Ⅴ.课文升华(读后讨论)Q: Since we have only one earth,what should we do for our earth?huge animals (dinosaurs)5._____________ to6. ______early 7. _________ and9._____beingsA:_____________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ ★阅读巩固：Ⅴ.根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法(A/B/C层班必做)Ａs the result of "big bang", the violent earth slowly settled into a globe 1．＿＿＿(move) around the sun. the gasses which were to make the earth's 2．＿＿＿（大气层）came into being from the explosion of the dust ball, with water 3．＿＿＿(follow) them while the earth cooled down. it allowed the beginning for life. many millions of years 4．＿＿＿, the first 5．＿＿＿(极度的) small plants began to appear 6．＿＿＿the surface of the water, 7．＿＿＿(繁殖) and filling the sea and oceans, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. as time passed, green plants taking carbon dioxide and producing 8．＿＿＿（氧气）came to land and grew into forest. later the chains of lives continued, such as insects, amphibians, reptiles, dinosaurs and mammals, the typical of 9．＿＿＿is human being. they don't only do 10．＿＿＿to the earth but cause damage to it.★课后作业（请认真书写）(A/B/C层班必做)Ⅰ. 短语速记(写出下列汉语意思对应的英语短语)1.根据；按照＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿9.也,又＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿2.以…开始＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿10.下蛋＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿3.往/从各个方向＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿11.仍然是个谜＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿4.及时,终于＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿12.产生;分娩＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿5.冷却下来＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿13.轮到某人,接着＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿6.允许…做某事＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿14.阻止,制止＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿7.连锁反应＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿15.因为,由于…的原因＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿8.用…充满…＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿16.依靠;取决于＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿Ⅱ．佳句背默(每空一词) (A/B /C层班必做)1．随后它会变成什么没有人知道，直到38～45亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。
高一英语必修3Unit4 Astronomy the science of the stars优质教案
Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the starsWarming Up, Pre-reading and Reading 单元教学目标II．目标语言Period 1 Warming up & reading(1) Teaching goals1. Target languagea重点词汇和短语astronomy, atmosphere, system, violent, solid, explode, carbon, dioxide, oxygen, surface, planet, harmful, development, spread, method, depend, solar system, in time, prevent…from, depend on b重点句子1.What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball movingaround the sun. P252.It’s exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, carbondioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases, which were to make the earth’s atmosphere. P253.It allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases, which had become part of the earth’s atmosphere,into the oceans and seas. P254.Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether thisproblem can be solved. P262. Ability goalsa. Enable Ss to talk about the science of the stars, the development of life and space travel andgravityWhere do we come from?How did the universe begin?Why is the universe the way it was?How will it end?How much do you know about universe?Do you want to have a space travel?Do you know something about gravity?b. Understand the text and answer the following questions:1.What was there on the earth before life could begin?2.Why do scientists think there has never been life on the moon?3.Why did animals first appear in the seas?4.Why did green plants help life to develop?5.Why were mammals different from other animals?c. Enable the Ss to understand the details about the passage, choosing the correct answer accordingto the text and put the order of development of life into a time line and answer questions.d. Retell the passage using key sentences.3. Learning ability goalsEnable Ss learn how to talk about the beginning of life on the earth.Teaching important pointsa. Talk about the beginning of life on the earth.Why did animals first appear in the seas?Why did green plants help life to develop?b. Discuss the order of development of lifeTeaching difficult pointsa. Understand the beginning of life on the earth.b. Discuss the questions:What will our future be if the earth may become too hot for the lives on it?Why are humans the cleverest animals on the earth?Teaching methodsa.Skimming and scanningb.Asking-and-answering activity to check the Ss’ understanding of the text.c.Individual, pair or group work to finish each task.d.Discussion.Teaching aidsa computerTeaching proceduresStep 1 quizSome questions on PPT.Step 2 lead inIn our solar system eight planets circle around the sun. What are they?(Note：According to the present day scientific study, there are only eight planets, with the Plutoexcluded.)S: The Sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.T: Which planet do we live on? Can you describe what it looks like?S: Earth. It supports a variety of life and 70% of the earth is covered with seas or oceans.Step 3 discussionWhere do we come from? Or we can say: Who are our ancestors?Do you know any ancient idea about the beginning of the universe?Pangu separates the sky from the earth.The sky and the earth were at first one blurred entity like an egg. Pangu was born into it. The separation of the sky and the earth took 18,000 years- the yang which was light and pure rose to become the sky, and the yin which was heavy and murky sank to form the earth. Between them was Pangu, who went through nine changes every day, his wisdom, greater than that of the sky and his ability greater than that of the earth. Every day the sky rose ten feet higher, the earth became ten feet thicker, and Pangu grew ten feet taller. Another 18,000 years passed, and there was an extremely high sky, an extremely thick earth, and an extremely tall Pangu. Then came the Three Emperors (the Emperor of the Sky, the Emperor of the Earth, the Emperor of the Men.)So these numbers came into existence and evolve like this. The number begins with one, becomes established at three, is completed at five, prospers at seven, and ends in nine. So the sky is ninety thousand li from the earth.Other legends about the beginning of universeThe Biblical Account"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. Now the earth was formless and empty, darkness was over the surface of the deep, and the spirit of God was hovering over the waters. And God said...."Day 1 : God spoke and separated light from darkness creating Day and NightDay 2 : God spoke and separated the water creating sky and oceanDay 3 : God spoke and created dry landDay 4 : God spoke and created the sun, moon, and starsDay 5 : God spoke and created living creatures in the air and seaDay 6 : God spoke and created the land animals and manDay 7 : God rested and blessed this day calling it HolyIndiaBrahma has created the world many times. This creation is repeated every four ages or yugas. There are four yugas in one eon or kalpa. In the beginning of each kalpa the world is a watery chaos.As Brahma thought beings were created. The demons were created by a wind from his rectum. After creating the demons he discarded his body which became night. He assumed a new body and out of his mouth came the shining gods or devas. This body was also discarded and became day. With his next body he created ancestor spirits. With his fourth body Brahma created human beings were created. This discarded body became the moon. With the fifth body Brahma had a strange thought and he created ogres, terrible creatures, that wanted to devour the primordial sea of chaos. In shock at what he had done he then created ghouls, or Gandharvas. Finally he regained his senses and created birds, mammals, plants, and all the other life that we see today.Step 4 appreciationPlay a video for the studentsHow many types of life on the earth have you seen in the video? Name them.Students tell everything they have seen in the video. (Present on the blackboard the new words and a general picture of the topic of this lesson.)Big Bang universe a cloud of dust globe violent atmosphere water plants cells shellfish fish land animals insects amphibians reptiles dinosaurs mammals apes(monkeys) humansStep 5 fast readingHow did life develop through history?Read fast and find out the answers.A cloud of dust →a solid ball →presenceQ: Why was it necessary for plants to grow before animals?(Plants provided oxygen for animals to breathe.)Step 6 RetellingSuppose you are Dr. … who studies astronomy. You are invited to g ive a speech to the school students about the development of life on “Earth Day” (April 22nd).Homework:1.Search the Internet for the information of the development of life.2.Read and learn good words, phrases or structures from Reading.Period 2 reading (2)Step 1 Scanning1 What’s the style of the text?2 What’s the main idea of the text?Step 2 skimmingFind out the main idea of each para.Step 3 careful readingFinish off the chart.Key to the exercise:2.shellfish and all sorts of fish 5.amphibian(on land and in water)7.reptiles(on land) 8.dinosaurs(on land) 9.mammals(on land)T: That’s all for this passage. Now let’s deal with some language points.Step 4 consolidationT or F1.The earth was a cloud of dust before it combined into a ball around the sun.2.The water vapour, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen formed the earth’s atmosp here.3.The coming of small plants growing in the water made the earth different.nd animals appeared before the green plants on land.5.Dinosaurs produced their young by laying eggs.6.The earth may become too hot if too much carbon dioxide was put into the atmosphere.Step 5 RetellingRetell the text using about 100 words.Notes: Use the two questions and the chart to retell the passage;The possible version below can be used as a material for both retelling and dictation. Retelling:The explosion of the earth produced water vapor, which turned into water when the earth cooled down. Water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases into the oceans and seas. That made it possible for life to begin to develop. The arrival of small plants encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. Many millions of years later the first green plants began to appear on land. Later land animals appeared. Some were insects. Others, called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the sea. When the plants grew into forests, reptiles appeared for the first time. Later, dinosaurs developed. They became the most important animals on the earthfor millions of years. After they disappeared, mammals became more important. They were the last group of animals and they were different because they produced their young from within their bodies. Small clever animals, with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth. As time went by, they covered the earth and have become the most important animals on the planet.Step 6 discussion1.What should we do with the global warming problem?Suppose: some of you are officials of the government/some of you are ordinary people2.Suppose you were an expert of astronomy, and now you and your workmates are preparing for a meeting whose topic is the beginning & and the prospect(展望) of the life/ human being on the earth. Work in your group, and try to develop your speech!HomeworkRetell the passage according to the form..Remember important language points.English weekly page 4 part 2。
人教新课标高中英语必修三Unit4_Astronomy全单元详细教案[1]1
![人教新课标高中英语必修三Unit4_Astronomy全单元详细教案[1]1](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/cca11907de80d4d8d15a4ff3.png)
Unit 4 Astronomy: thescience of the starsContents 目录一、单元教学目标和要求(Teaching aims and demands)二、教材内容分析(Analysis of the teaching materials)三、单元预习任务(Pre-unit task）四、教学安排(Teaching arrangements)五、教学步骤(Teaching procedures)六、背景参考资料(Background knowledge)七、评价与反思(Assessment and reflection)一、教学目标和要求(Teaching aims and demands)根据《英语新课程标准》（实验稿）关于总目标的具体描述，结合高一学生实际和教材内容，我们将教学目标分为语言知识、语言技能、学习策略、情感态度、文化意识五个方面。
1．语言知识（Knowledge）词汇（Vocabulary）：能理解、内化、运用以下生词--atmosphere, violent--violence, solid, explode, oxygen, surface, planet, harmful—harm, development—develop, spread, method, presence, telescope, disappointed, force, gradually, float, mass,短语(Phrases and expressions)：the solar system, in time, carbon dioxide, prevent… from, depend on, cheer up, now that, break out,功能(Functions)：学习掌握一些用于陈述问题及给予意见的结构，如：My problem/ trouble is……? The difficulty / question is…My advice/ suggestion is…What I think about it is…Please pay attention to…Make sure you …Watch out for…语法(Grammar)：掌握和运用主语从句。
2019新人教高一英语必修三第四单元Writing 导学案设计
Reading for writing in Book 3 Unit 4导学案Learning objectives ：1. Read the argumentative essay about space exploration2. Study the features of the argumentative essay3. Try to write an argumentative essay about space explorationLeading-in ：Q ：What is your opinion on spending much money and time in exploring space?___________________________________________________________________________________ Learning procedures ：Task 1：Read the passage and answer the questions1. Why are some people against space exploration?____________________________________________________________________________________2. What has space exploration done for food production?____________________________________________________________________________________3. What did the picture of Earth from space make people realize?___________________________________________________________________________________4. How does space exploration benefit the products that people use nowadays?____________________________________________________________________________________ Task 2: Study the features of an argumentative writing1. Read the passage again and find the topic sentence in each paragraphAnalyze the topic sentence and get to know the organization of an argumentative writing topic sentence Para. 1 Para. 2 Para. 4Para. 3 Para. 52. Further analyze the features of an argumentative writingPara.1 introduction paragraphThe author intends to _________________________________________________________________【语言知识链接】useful structures to express different opinionsSome people argue that ...However, others feel that ...Opinions are divided on the topic of...People don't think ... while others hold...People's views on... vary. People may have different opinions on...Para.2-4 body paragraphthesis sentence ：（ ）supporting evidence ：（ ）language feature ：（ ）The author intends to __________________________________________________________________【语言知识链接】useful structures to express supporting evidenceNo one can deny the fact that ...Recent studies indicate that ...There is sufficient evidence to show ...According to the data proved by..., it can be seen that ...I think it necessary to ...The reasons are as follows. Firstly,... Secondly,... Finally,...【compare and feel 】Compare A and B. Which one would be more likely to convince the government in your hometown to pass a seat belt law?It is so dangerous to drive without belts. People can be killed! People just do not realize how silly it is to ride in acar withouta seat belt. Somepeople say it wrinkles their clothes, but that is crazy and foolish. Life matters more than clothes.Safety tests prove that people are less likely to be hurt if they are wearing seat belts.Thirty-two states have passed laws requiring people to wear seat belts, which has reduced traffic-related deaths. Some people may say that seat belts are uncomfortable. I think that is a small price to pay for added safety.Para.5 closing paragraphThe author intends to ___________________________________________________________________【语言知识链接】useful structures to conclude your pointsFrom what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ...In conclusion, it is important that...In summary, I strongly support that ...Task 3：Have a try to write your own argumentative essayStep 1: Decide upon a topic （确定一个话题）Topic ：_____________________________________________________________________ Step 2: Structure the essay （构思文章框架）Are these arguments for or against exploring space? Choose your own ideas and write your supporting arguments on your worksheet.A: There are a lot of unsolved mysteries on Earth. So why are we going into space to explore?B: It is necessary to find a new home for people in space, as resources on Earth will run out.C: I cannot understand spending all this money on expensive research and experiments when so many people need food.A BD: Exploring space encourages scientists to improve technology that can help people in other ways, too.1)introduction paragraph (different opinions)__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2)body paragraph（supporting argumentation）___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3)closing paragraph（conclusion of your opinion）_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Step 3: Polish the language （润色语言）Use the checklist to give feedback on your draft.☑ Does the introduction state the topic?☑ Does the introduction express different opinions about the topic?☑ Does the body give arguments with suitable supporting information?☑ Does the closing express your opinion and end properly?☑ Are there any grammar, spelling, or punctuation errors?Your argumentative essay:Is exploring space a waste of time and money?_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Homework：1. Review the form of an argumentative essay and the procedure of writing it by drawing a mind map.2. Use what you have learned about argumentative writing to write an essay about “Is online learning a good way?”.附：答案Leading-in（导入）：Q：What is your opinion on spending much money and time in exploring space?（The answers to the question vary.）Learning procedures（学习过程）：Task 1：Read the passage and answer the questions1.Why are some people against space exploration?Because they think that we should feed the world's poor and find immediate solutions to other problems, such as pollution and fatal diseases.2.What has space exploration done for food production?It has directly resulted in the many satellites orbiting Earth, which helps record data on land and weather patterns, providing useful recommendations and advice for farmers.3.What did the picture of Earth from space make people realize?It made people realize that our planet's resources are limited.4. How does space exploration benefit the products that people use nowadays?High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was first created to meet the requirements for space exploration.Task 2: Study the features of an argumentative writing1.Read the passage again and find the topic sentence in each paragraphParagraph 1: Some people argue that we should stop.... However, others feel this is a shallow view... Paragraph 2: Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. Paragraph 3: Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all.Paragraph 4: Finally, sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the world's problems and even to find ways to solve them.Paragraph 5: In closing, exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.2.Analyze the topic sentence and get to know the organization of an argumentative writingPara.1 introduction paragraphfocus on other problems, such as poverty, pollution, fatal diseases etc.realize the importance and benefits of exploring spaceThe author intends to give background information and to stimulate the readers' interest. Para.2-4 body paragraphthesis sentence：（at least 2 points ）supporting evidence：（data, facts, case studies, authority,etc ）language feature：（concise, essential, objective, calm, detailed, etc ）The author intends to to show main arguments and to persuade the readers.Para.5 closing paragraphThe author intends to to summarize the argument and to restate the opinion.Task 3：Have a try to write your own argumentative essayStep 1: Decide upon a topic （确定一个话题）Topic：Is exploring space a waste of time and money?Step 2: Structure the essay （构思文章框架）1)introduction paragraph (different opinions)2)body paragraph（supporting argumentation）3)closing paragraph（conclusion of your opinion）(The answers may vary.)Step 3: Polish the language （润色语言）Your argumentative essay: (略）。
英语必修3_unit4_词汇导学案
Unit 4 Astronomy：The science of the stars1.as conj.随着，当……的时候●用法拓展(1)prep. 译为：________(2)adv. 译为：______ (3)conj.引导时间状语从句, 译为：__________ (4)conj.引导原因状语从句，译为：__________ (5)conj.引导让步状语从句，译为：_________(6)conj.引导方式状语从句，译为：__________ (7)关系代词，引导_______从句①As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.②We had better treat it as a joke.③She is as tall as her mother.④As I am going to repair my bike, I need a hammer.⑤Intelligent as you are, I suspect you will fail.⑥Cyprus, as you know, is an island in the Mediterranean●特别提醒表示“随着……”时，也可以用with短语(with复合结构)。
①As the wealth of the country increases, more waste will be produced.②With the wealth of the country increasing, more waste will be produced.单项填空①The Beatles, ________ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.A．what B．that C．how D．as②China is to have more giant pandas, ___ 13 female pandas are expecting babies this year.A．so B．if C．though D．as③____children get older, they become more and more interested in the things around them.A．While B．When C．As D．With④I couldn't do my homework with all that noise ________.A．going on B．goes on C．went on D．to go on2. methodn. 方法He has introduced a new method of teaching.他引进了一种新的教学方法。
人教课标版高中英语必修3Unit4_Using_Language_词汇导图语境速记
主编点睛
hang既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词 An old-fashioned gas lamp hung from the ceiling.
一盏老式煤气灯吊挂在天花板上。
She hung the sheets on the washing line.
她把床单晾在晒衣绳上。
导图速记
break out(战争、火灾、
漫画助记
The crowd calmed down under his powerful voice.
在他洪亮的嗓音下人群安静了 下来。
导图速记
n.&vt.拉；拖；抽出
pull away 开走
pull out驶出；退出；出站
pull up停止；斥责
pull
pull over停止（靠边停）
pull down 拆毁；摧毁
hand out意为“分发;发放” go out意为“出去；炮灭” look out意为“当心” take out意为“拿出”
导图速记
n.注意；观察
keep a close watch on
监视；密切注视
be on watch(for)
警惕；当心
watch
v.看；观察；照看；当心 watch over 照管；监督 watch out=look out 小心；留意
Unit4 Astronomy: the science of the stars
词汇导图语境助记
导图速记
power n.权力；电力供应；能力
powerful
come to power 开始执政 lose power 失去权力
人教版高中英语必修三--unit4-重点单词讲解
He will come on time even though it rains.
time的短语
• some time 一些时间 • at times 时常 • kill time 消磨时间 • behind time 落后 • all the time 一直 • at a time 一次 • at this time 这时 • at that time 那时 • in time of 在....的时候
表示原因的连词： seeing(that)/given(that)/considering(that)鉴于; 考虑到
Seeing (that) he is ill, he is unlikely to come.
Given/Considering their inexperience/ that they are inexperienced，they’ve done a good job.
牵引力?反义词push?pullout离站?pullin进站停靠?pullover把车开到路边?pullup停车停止?pulldown拆毁?pullthrough恢复健康watchoutforlookoutfor?watchoutlookout?小心?watchover?照管
Unit 4
1. violent 猛烈的；激烈的；暴力的
10. cheer (sb.) up ；感到振奋；使高兴
The crowd cheered up when they saw the team arrive. He took her to the concert to cheer her up.
cheerful adj. 快乐的，高兴的 Cheers! 干杯！
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Unit 4 Astronomy：The science of the stars1.as conj.随着，当……的时候●用法拓展(1)prep. 译为：________(2)adv. 译为：______ (3)conj.引导时间状语从句, 译为：__________ (4)conj.引导原因状语从句，译为：__________ (5)conj.引导让步状语从句，译为：_________(6)conj.引导方式状语从句，译为：__________ (7)关系代词，引导_______从句①As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.②We had better treat it as a joke.③She is as tall as her mother.④As I am going to repair my bike, I need a hammer.⑤Intelligent as you are, I suspect you will fail.⑥Cyprus, as you know, is an island in the Mediterranean●特别提醒表示“随着……”时，也可以用with短语(with复合结构)。
①As the wealth of the country increases, more waste will be produced.②With the wealth of the country increasing, more waste will be produced.单项填空①The Beatles, ________ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. A．what B．that C．how D．as②China is to have more giant pandas, ___ 13 female pandas are expecting babies this year. A．so B．if C．though D．as③____children get older, they become more and more interested in the things around them. A．While B．When C．As D．With④I couldn't do my homework with all that noise ________.A．going on B．goes on C．went on D．to go on2. methodn. 方法He has introduced a new method of teaching.他引进了一种新的教学方法。
What is the most effective method of birth control?控制出生率的最有效的方法是什么？联想拓展with this method= by this means=in this way用这种方法易混辨析method/meansmethod侧重“理论方法”，指做某事的具体步骤或程序。
a new teaching method一种新的教学方法means（单复数同形）侧重“通过手段”或“利用工具”去达到某种目的。
高手过招选词填空(method/means)（原创）①The quickest of travel is by plane.②She has a very scientific of dealing with political problems.答案：①means②method3. harmfuladj. 有害的常用结构:do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 对某人有害be harmful toSmoking is harmful to your health.高手过招单项填空He is a nice dog. He won’t do you any .（原创）A.illB. biteC. hurtD. harm解析:选D。
考查固定搭配。
do sb. harm/do harm to sb. 表示“对某人有害”。
句意为：这是一条温顺的狗，它不会伤害你。
故选D。
4. massn. 质量；团；块；大量；(前加the) 群众A liter of gas has less mass than a liter of water.1公升气体的质量少于1公升水的质量。
She has a mass of things to do.她有一大堆的事情要做。
The masses have boundless creative power.人民群众有无限的创造力。
常用结构:masses of sth.大量的东西5. pullv. 拉，拖，拔；移动n.拉，拖；牵(引)力You push and I ll pull. 你来推，我来拉。
I felt a pull at my sleeve and turned round.我觉得有人扯我的袖子，便转过身来。
常用结构:pull (sb.) back（使某人）退却；撤回（某人）pull off (sth.)（指机动车辆）驶离（道路至路侧停车处停下）pull out (sth.) 拉掉；使分离；掏出；驶离（车站）pull on 穿，戴上（袜子、手套等）pull together 同心协力；通力合作高手过招用pull相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）①I arrived as the last train was .②He a gun and aimed at the criminal.③So long as we , there’s no mountain top we can’t conquer.答案：①pulling out②pulled out③pull together6. cheervt. & vi. (使)高兴、振奋；(对)欢呼The crowd cheered loudly as the Queen appeared.女王出现时群众高声欢呼。
He was greatly cheered by the news.他听到这个消息非常高兴。
常用结构:cheer sb. on为某人加油cheer (sb.) up（使某人）更高兴；（使）振奋起来联想拓展cheerful adj.高兴的cheerless adj.不高兴的；阴冷的高手过招用cheer相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）①Your visit has greatly him up.②The crowd the runners as they started the last lap.③You look as though you need up.答案：①cheered②cheered; on③cheering7. puzzlevt.&vi.（使）迷惑；（使）苦思n.迷；难题puzzled adj. 无法了解的；困惑的puzzling adj. 令人费解的Her reply puzzled me.她的回答把我弄糊涂了。
Their reason for doing it is still a puzzle to me.他们为什么要那样做此事我仍感到莫名其妙。
常用结构：sb. be puzzled by sth.某人对……感到迷惑puzzle about/over sth.对某事感到迷惑solve a puzzle解决一个难题高手过招用puzzle的适当形式填空①To explain the findings, he offers two theories.②I that I haven’t heard from Liz for so long.③She listened with a expression on her face.④No one has yet succeeded in explaining the of how life began.答案：①puzzling②am puzzled③puzzled④puzzle8. existvi. 存在，生存existence n. 存在Does life exist on Mars?I can hardly exist on the wage I’m getting.我靠自己挣的工资简直难以糊口。
常用结构：exist+prep. 存在于某地方exist on sth. 靠某物生存高手过招用exist相关短语的适当形式填空①This plant only Australia.②Can you such a low salary?③I doubt the of alien.答案：①exists; in②exist on③existence重点短语9. in time意为“及时”时相当于early enough, soon enough;意为“终于，早晚”时相当于sooner or later。
We got to the station just in time to catch the bus.=We got to the station just in time for the bus.The doctor came in time to save her life.You ll succeed in time if you keep on working hard.联想拓展be in time for sth./be in time to do sth.对于某事是及时的/及时做某事ahead of time提前；提早all the time一直；始终at one time曾经；一度at a time一次at times 有时at the same time同时；然而；可是from time to time不时；偶尔in no time立刻；马上take one s time不急，慢慢来高手过招单项填空—I was disappointed in time when I didn’t pass the examinations.—Don’t be so discouraged. You’ll be successful intime. (2009·12·河南平顶山检测)A./; /B. a; aC./; aD. a; /解析:选D。
句意为：——我没通过考试那段时间我很失望。