解析考研英语长难句2
• • • •
英语长句的分析方法：去枝叶，留主干。 1）划出句子中的定语从句和状语从句; 2）划出所有介词短语（位于be动词后的除外） 3）名词性从句看作一个整体,找出句中所有的谓语 结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词 • 4）非谓语动词结构看作一个整体 • 5）找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，即句子的主干 • 6）分析从句的结构和非谓语动词的内部结构。
3.含有插入成分的句子
------忽略插入成分, 直奔句子主题。
4. 倒装句------确定主语, 调整语序, 把握大意。
5. 成分省略
------把握大意, 找出对应信息, 补充省略成分。
1. 意群阅读法
①When two cars travelling at ②an unbelted 30 mh hit each other， driver would meet the windshield ③with a force equal to diving headfirst into the ground from a height of 10 meters.
长难句之朝花夕拾篇
简单句 句子种类 复合句
并列句
a coordinate (并列）sentence ( 1 ) We took pity on the people in the disaster-hit area in Yushu and many students raised money for them. a simple sentence ( 2 ) Having suffered a number of health problems, former Olympic President Samaranch died on April 21 in Barcelona. a compound(复合） sentence ( 3 ) The Internet is an exciting tool that ___ not only puts vast information at your __________________________________ fingertips but expands options. __________________________
Science has become so important in the modern world, with its procedures so highly standardized and so widely accepted, that it is included among modern social institutions.
2.含有多个从句的复合句
找从属连词, 分析从句, 理解句意。
Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage，it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say that he didn’t know that his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.
长难句的基ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ特征
1.从句又多又长：一个主句带多个从句，从句中又含 有从句 应对方法：先抓主干，找出复杂句中最核心的主谓 宾语，再层层扩展 2.句子中带有长长的插入成分：用插入语来交代某句 话是谁说的，或者是说话人的身份，或者是解释说 明前面的内容 应对方法：理解句子主干时，可以先不要理会插入 语，先把主句的意思看完整，然后再看插入部分
分析：①是状语从句，②是主句，③ 是with引导的介词短语作状语，修饰谓 语。这样，把整个句子划为3个意群，可 以大大提高阅读速度。
2.剥丝抽茧法
先跳读修饰成分或附加成分，找出句子的主干并理 解其意义；然后再分层理解修饰成分或附加成分。 如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的主从复合句，可 这样处理：先分清主句与从句，然后弄清从句的性 质，即弄清它是什么从句。是名词性从句，还是状 语从句，或是定语从句。另外，有一点要提醒同学 们，在处理长难句时，如果既能正确理解句意，又 能将其准确地译成中文，那是最好了。但是，对于 有些长难句，要在较短时间内（如在参加考试时） 将其译成中文比较困难，此时只要能正确理解其意 思就行了，
3.分词状语，独立主格结构的干扰 应对方法：主句最重要的特征就是有完整的 主谓结构，尤其是独立的谓语部分，一个看 似句子的结构，如果没有独立的谓语部分， 它就不是句子，而是分词短语或独立主格结 构，可以跳过暂时不看 4.通常是三种情况的混合 应对方法：从前向后，抓住独立的谓语部分， 从而区分出主句和分词状语，再根据从句的 连接词，区分出主句和从句，层层扩展理解， 插入语在哪个层次，就放在哪个层次中理解。
3.含有插入语的句子
这种句子的特点是在正常的 句子中插入一些或长或短的 成分或句子，比如同位语（从句）、 非限制性定语从句、状语从句、分词、插入语 等等，打断读者的思路，割裂前后之间的语义， 造成理解上的困难。我们称之为“打岔”。有 时有逗号或破折号分开，
忽略插入成分, 直奔句子主题.
The lack of right male (男性的) role models in many of their lives—at home and particularly in the school environment (环境)—means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against. 译文：在他们很多人的生活中，如在家里，尤 其是在学校，缺少合适的男性榜样，这就意味 着他们只好对照自己的同龄人来评判自己。
分割结构
分割结构是一种修辞手段，在英语句子中，特别是 在书面语中，比较常见。分割结构就是指把英语句 子中原来属于一个整体的句子成分分割开，一部分 留在句子的原来位置，另一部分远离原来位置。 例句分析：The best books are treasuries of good words, the golden thoughts, which, remembered and cherished, become our constant companions and comforters.
3. 良好习惯
多尝试分析长难句并找出20个长难句进行朗 读并背诵。
长难句之
实战演练篇
1.Mobile phone ________ SIM cards which are put in the collars(项圈) of elephants automatically send a text message when they get too _________________ close to farms, allowing wildlife workers to drive them off rather than shoot them.
Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.
长难句之
方法总结篇
1. 带有较多成分的简单句------去枝叶，留主干。 2.含有多个从句的复合句 ------找从属连词,分析从句, 理解句意。
结构分析法
明晰句子结构，把握句子的基本框架。
A.判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；
B.找出句子的主干成分(主语和谓语)，分清 句子附属成分，理解句子大意。
C.层层分析，层层剥离
判 句 断 子
简单句
主 干
并列句
并列连词
复合句
从属连词
句子较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环 相扣。不管句子有多长有多复杂，它只由两部分 构成，即主干和修饰成分。主干是整个句子的骨 架，主要指主谓宾结构或主系表结构。而修饰成 分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以 是单词，也可以是短语，更常见的则是从句，尤 其是定语从句和状语从句。 我们应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分划出来， 找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。
5. 倒装句
确定主语, 调整语序, 把握大意.
Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.
5. 倒装句
确定主语, 调整语序, 把握大意.
解析考研英语 阅读中的长难句
He who is good at reading will conquer the world.
1. 回忆七种基本句子类型 2. 长难句的基本特征 3.长难句的类型及分析方法 4.长难句分析在阅读中的演练
长难句的基本语法结构
通常情况下，长难句的基本语法结 构有形式主语或宾语、强调结构、非 限定性定语从句、同位语从句、倒装、 虚拟语气、省略等。
并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法
——先读懂并列句，再看主从复合句
If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare”, “Samuel Johnson”, and “Webster”, but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English—William, the Conqueror.
考研英语二长难句讲解
考研英语（二）长难句讲解lennials wanted more flexibility in their lives, "notes Tanya Michelsen, Associate Director of Youthsight, a UK-based brand manager that conducts regular 60-day surveys of British youth, in findings that might just as well apply to American youth.【翻译】青春视野是一家位于英国的品牌公司，它定期对英国青年进行了60天的调查。
其副总监（联合董事）Tanya Michelsen在同样可能适用于美国青年的研究发现中指出，“千禧一代希望在生活中有更大的灵活性。
”2.Restrictions that keep highly polluting cars out of certain areas—city centres, “school streets”，even individual roads—are a response to the absence of a larger effort to properly enforce existing regulations and require auto companies to bring their vehicles into compliance.【翻译】限制高污染汽车驶入某些地区，——如市中心、学区街道等，甚至是个别道路，这一限制措施是因为我们没有付出更大努力来严格执行现有法规和要求汽车公司生产合格车辆。
3.Madrid’s back and forth on clean air is a pointed reminder of the limits to the patchwork，city-by-city approach that characterises efforts on air pollution across Europe, Britain very much included.【翻译】马德里（西班牙政府）在治理空气问题上的反复不定，明确提醒人们整个欧洲（在很大程度上也包括英国）为努力治理空气污染所采取的逐个城市拼凑的方式是有其局限性的。
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析 形式主语
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析形式主语Perhaps we know more about the world than we used to, and insofar as knowledge is prerequisite to understanding, that's all to the good. But knowledge is not as much a prerequisite to understanding as is commonly supposed.【翻译】也许比起过去，我们现在对世界知道得更多了，并且只要知道是理解的前提，那就没啥问题。
但是知道并不像人们通常想像的那样，真的就是理解的前提。
【语法分析】第一句是一个并列复合句。
首先，在大的层面上，它是一个并列句，用and连接起来。
其次，在小的层面上，第一个分句是一个主从复合句，Perhaps we know more about the world 是主句，than we used to是一个比较状语从句。
在这里used to表示“过去曾经”，后面省略了know.所以，这是一个并列复合句。
第二个分句也是主从复合句，that's all to the good是主句，意思是“那就是好的，没问题的”。
主句前面的句子是条件状语从句，insofar as就是in so far as, insofar 是一个介词短语，加上as后，意思是to the extent that，“到......的程度”，“在......的范围内”，我们可以把insofar as看成是一个连词，引导一个条件状语从句。
所以这句话的意思就是“在知道是理解的前提这个范围之内，上面那句话确实是对的。
”并列句与并列复合句的区别，就是并列句的两个分句都是简单句。
而并列复合句是至少有一个分句是主从复合句。
第二句是一个主从复合句。
as is commonly supposed是一个比较状语从句，用as ... as表示比较，前面是主句。
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析as well as
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析as well asThe amount the reader catches will usually depend on the amount of activity he puts into the process , as well as upon the skill with which he executes the different mental acts involved.【翻译】读者所理解的数量，除了他在执行所涉及到的不同的心理行为时所使用的技能之外，通常还取决于他在阅读过程中所投入的活动的量。
【语法分析】这是一个主从复合句。
句子的主干是the amount will depend on the amount of activity , as well as upon the skill.也就是说，在整个句子里，第二个the amount和the skill是并列关系。
当然，on和upon也是一个意思，depend on等于depend upon.除了主干，这个句子还包含了三个定语从句。
第一个定语从句是the reader catches，修饰前面的名词amount.第二个定语从句是he puts into the process, 修饰activity.第三个定语从句是with which he executes the different mental acts involved. 修饰skill. 其中involved是过去分词，修饰前面的acts.在定语从句里有时候会出现介词+which/whom的情况，例如，in /to which, for/with whom 等。
为什么会在从属连词的前面出现介词呢？原因就是先行词在定语从句里，作一个介词的宾语。
就像本句，如果把先行词还原到它在定语从句里本来的位置，就是He executes the mental acts with the skill.再如: This is the room in which he lived last year.（这就是他去年住过的房子。
历年考研《英语》真题长难句解析
1. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parlia mentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.【译文】经过6个月争论和最后16个小时的国会激烈辩论，澳大利亚北部地区(澳北州政府)成为世界上第一个允许医生根据绝症病人个人意愿来结束其生命的合法当局。
【析句】句子的主体结构是Australia's Northern Territory becam e the first legal authority。
句首成分After six months of arguing an d final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates是作状语的介词词组，动词不定式to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patien ts who wish to die相当于定语从句which allows doctors to take th e lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die，修饰the first lega l authority。
【讲词】to take the life of sb和to take sb’s life意思是“结束某人的生命”。
A car bombing took the life of a 61-year-old man.(汽车炸弹夺去了一位61岁老头的生命。
考研英语二长难句
考研英语二长难句The Long and Difficult Sentences in the English II Test of the Postgraduate Entrance Examination。
In the English II test of the postgraduate entrance examination, candidates are often faced with long and difficult sentences that challenge their comprehension and analytical abilities. These sentences are designed to assess the candidates' language proficiency and their understanding of complex grammatical structures. In this article, we will explore some common types of long and difficult sentences and provide strategies for tackling them effectively.One type of long and difficult sentence that candidates may encounter is the compound-complex sentence. This type of sentence consists of two or more independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. It often involves complex subordination and coordination, making it challenging to understand and analyze. To tackle this type of sentence, candidates should first identify the main clauses and the dependent clauses. They should then analyze the relationships between these clauses and determine the logical connections. By breaking down the sentence into smaller parts and understanding the relationships between them, candidates can better comprehend the overall meaning of the sentence.Another type of long and difficult sentence that candidates may come across is the sentence with multiple modifiers. These sentences contain multiple adjectives, adverbs, or prepositional phrases that modify a noun or a verb. The presence of multiple modifiers can make the sentence lengthy and complex. To navigate through these sentences, candidates should focus on the main subject and verb and identify the essential information conveyed by the modifiers. By understanding the role and function of each modifier, candidates can grasp the intended meaning of the sentence and avoid confusion.Additionally, candidates may encounter long and difficult sentences with embedded clauses. These sentences contain subordinate clauses within the main clause, which adds complexity to the sentence structure. To tackle these sentences, candidates should firstidentify the main clause and then analyze the embedded clauses. They should pay attention to the relationships between the main clause and the embedded clauses and determine the logical connections. By understanding the hierarchical structure of the sentence and the relationships between clauses, candidates can decipher the intended meaning.Furthermore, candidates may face long and difficult sentences with inverted word order. In English, the word order is typically subject-verb-object. However, in certain cases, the word order may be inverted for emphasis or stylistic purposes. This inversion can make the sentence challenging to understand. To tackle these sentences, candidates should first identify the subject, verb, and object, regardless of their order. They should then rearrange the words in their correct order to comprehend the sentence accurately. By recognizing the inverted word order and rearranging the words accordingly, candidates can grasp the intended meaning of the sentence.In conclusion, the English II test of the postgraduate entrance examination often includes long and difficult sentences that test candidates' comprehension and analytical abilities. By understanding the various types of long and difficult sentences and employing effective strategies, candidates can overcome these challenges and improve their performance in the examination. It is crucial for candidates to practice reading and analyzing complex sentences to enhance their language proficiency and succeed in the test.。
考研英语长难句重点难点解析含译文翻译vis
考研英语长难句重点难点解析含译文翻译But meals were nicer; and as for sweets, I won't tell you how cheap and good they were, because it would only make your mouth water in vain.不过，膳食要好一些；至于糖果嘛，我不想告诉你那有多便宜、多好吃，因为那只能使你白白地流口水。
--《纳尼亚传奇》"流口水"-- make your mouth water, "白白地流口水"-- make your mouth water in vain.我们来用这两个短语仿写几个句子：The smell of the cooked fish made my mouth water.做好的鱼那味道把我馋得直流口水。
Does it make your mouth water?馋得口水都留出来了吧？再来学习vain这个单词，它有"徒劳的，自负的，虚荣的"意思：I think he is shallow, vain and untrustworthy.我认为他浅薄虚荣，不可信任。
Police searched in vain for the missing gunman.警方搜寻失踪的持枪歹徒，但毫无结果。
She closed her eyes tightly in a vain attempt to hold back the tears.她紧紧地闭上眼睛，想忍住眼泪，但眼泪还是禁不住往下流。
All our efforts were in vain.我们所有的努力都白费了。
Have you been taking my name in vain again?你又在滥用我的名义吧？Are you going to take the name of the Lord in vain when you do?你这么做，打算让他们骂你吗?"Adventure is out there!" Muntz exclaimed into the camera. He lowered his goggles over his eyes and gave a thumbs-up."探险就要开始了！"蒙兹对着镜头欢呼道。
考研英语长难句分析
1.This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise thanan intuitive one.词汇突破：cognitive 认知的〔后天习得的〕Intuitive 先天的与以上这组单词概念一样的表达还有：Nature先天；nurture后天；born ;先天的；made 后天的；innate天生的；Acquired后天习得；Determine 决定Coupled with 相当于and,想类似的表达还有along with ; combined with等。
主干识别：句子的主语是This success与later research ；谓语是led; 宾语是Ericsson; 不定式短语to conclude 做状语；主干构造是：this success and later research led Ericsson to conclude that …其他成分：在research后面接一个现在分词短语做后置定语，在这个现在分词短语中that引导的从句做showing 的宾语；在不定式短语中that引导的从句做conclude的宾语；more…than构造翻译为与其说，不如说。
微观解析：由于主语中的第二个并列成分比拟长，且是用两个逗号隔开的，在阅读的时候可以跳读；把This success与动词led先连起来然后再来解析其他成分。
译文赏析：这种成功与后来说明记忆本身并不是先天决定的研究使爱立信总结道，记忆的行为与其说是一种先天的行为不如说是一种习得的行为。
2.It is not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.词汇突破：visualize 想象Figure out 发现与找出Suits 使…适合主干识别：句子主语是由how引导的一个主语从句，it是句子的形式主语；句子主干为: How …is not obvious.在主语从句中主语是capacity，谓语是suits 宾语是one ;其他成分：状语为to answer…主语后加上两个动词不定式做后置定语；动词不定式中的宾语questions后面接一个that引导的定语从句。
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析as well as
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析as well asIt's true, of course, that you should be able to remember what the author said as well as know what he meant. Being informed is prerequisite to being enlightened. The point, however, is not to stop at being informed.【翻译】当然下面的话肯定是对的，那就是你除了应该知道作者的意思，还要能记住他的话。
被告知是受到启迪的前提条件。
然而关键问题是，你不能只停留在被告知上。
【语法分析】第一句是一个主从复合句。
It's true是主句。
其中it是一个形式主义，而真正的主语则是后面的that从句。
that从句中be able 后面跟了两个不定式短语，一个是to remember，一个是to know.remember后面跟了一个宾语从句what the author said，而know 后面也跟了自己的宾语从句what he meant.这两个不定式之间用连词as well as连接起来。
前面讲过as well as的意思。
as well as意思是“除了......，......也”后面的意思是基础的意思，而as well as之前的那一层意思则是更深层次的，是作者想强调的意思。
所以不能把它的意思简单地理解成and.第二句是一个简单句。
结构是主系表状。
第三句也是一个简单句，句中的however，是插入语。
But whether it is a fact about the book or about the world that you have learned, you have gained nothing but information if you have exercised only your memory. You have not been enlightened. Enlightenment is achieved only when in addition to knowing what an author says, you know what he means, and why he says it.【翻译】但无论你所学到的是关于一本书的事实，还是关于世界的事实，如果你只动用了记忆力，那么你除了获得信息，其他什么都没有得到。
2020考研英语：阅读长难句辨析(2)
2020考研英语：阅读长难句辨析(2)考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面为你精心准备了“2020考研英语：阅读长难句辨析(2)”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取的考试资讯!2020考研英语：阅读长难句辨析(2)咱们先来看2020年考研英语阅读Text2中这句话。
While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.这句话，乍一看没什么生单词，但是理解起来很费劲。
理解这句话的关键点在于“rate”这个词。
之前同学们学习的时候，这个单词词性是名词，含义是“比率”。
但在这句话之中，rate 很明显是动词，做谓语，其含义是“认为”。
看清楚这个词之后，我们再来研究该句子的结构，前半句是由“while”引导的让步状语从句，主句其实在后面，“this has limited political support”，是“主谓宾”结构。
让步状语从句之中，动词“show”的后面是宾语从句。
“Britons rate “the countryside”alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country”。
该宾语从句的含义是“英国人把“乡村”与皇室、莎士比亚和国民医疗服务制度列为国家最让他们自豪的四个方面”。
那么整句话的含义就是：尽管民意调查显示，英国人把“乡村”与皇室、莎士比亚和国民医疗服务制度列为国家最让他们自豪的四个方面，但是这种观点得到的政治支持却极为有限。
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析in a certain light
2024考研英语长难句解析含译文语法分析in a certain lightThere is clearly no difficulty of an intellectual sort about gaining new information in the course of reading if the new facts are of the same sort as those you already know. A person who knows some of the facts of American history and understands them in a certain light can readily acquire by reading, in the first sense, more such facts and understand them in the same light.【翻译】如果新的事实和你已经知道的事实都是同一类型的，那么你在阅读的过程中获取新信息显然就没有什么智力上的困难了。
一个知道一些美国的历史事实，并在某种程度上理解这些事实的人，可以在第一个意义上，通过阅读，马上轻易地获取更多这样的事实，并且以同样的理解程度理解这些事实。
【语法分析】第一句话是一个主从复合句，包含好几个层次。
总的来说，if之前是主句，if之后是条件状语从句。
主句部分的主干是，There's no difficulty about gaining information.of an intellectual sort是介词短语，作定语，修饰difficulty（属于智力类型的困难）。
In the course of reading也是介词短语，但是它作的是状语，修饰动名词gaining (在阅读的过程中获取新信息)。
在if引导的条件状语从句中使用了句型the same... as...。