大学英语一级练习题

College English Exercises (Band I)Part I. Skimming and Scanning(10 points)Directions: In this part, you have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and make the choice to the questions after reading the passage, then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line though the centre.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passageDealing with FearMost people love to talk, but even the most talkative person can become a bundle of nerves at the thought of having to give a speech. This fear of speaking in public seems to be universal. In one study, people were asked what they fear most. Only 32 percent reported a fear of heights. Only 22 percent reported a fear of financial problems. Only 18 percent reported a fear of either sickness or death. But a whopping 40.6 percent reported a fear of speaking in public. This percentage was higher than that for any other item tested!Not only is fear of speaking common, it is a very normal reaction. People naturally become nervous under pressure. First, of course, standing in front of a group whose eyes are all focused on us makes us self-conscious. The knowledge that what we say will be analyzed and evaluated makes us even more anxious. Even professional speakers are more nervous when they can see people taking notes and getting ready to evaluate.Nearly all of us experience the same effects when we are nervous. Before the speech we can't eat or sleep. At the time of the speech, we experience trembling perspiring, shortness of breath, and increased heartbeat. If we let ourselves think about our nervousness during the speech, we may feel self-doubt, loss of contact with the audience, a jumping back and forth from point to point, and occasional lapses of memory.Nervousness need not result in speech problems. In fact, most people can and do control their fears. It is important to note that our goal is "controlling fear" and not "getting rid of it". Let’s start by looking at four factors that can work in your favor.You Are in Good CompanyNot only does forty percent of the population regard public speaking as the thing they fear most, but also many experienced speakers confess to nervousness when they speak. I can hear you now: “Don’t give me that line --- you can’t tell that you fill in the blank with some person you know is nervous when he or she speaks in public!" You doubt me? Ask the person. He or she will tell you. Even famous speakers like Abraham Lincoln and Franklin D. Roosevelt were nervous before speaking. The difference in nervousness among people is a matter of degree --- good speakers learn to channel their nervousness. The following statement may surprise you: I would be disappointed if you were not nervous. Why? Because you must be a little nervous to do your best. Of course I do no, mean that you should be blind with fear But a bit of nervousness gets the adrenalin (肾上腺) flowing--- and mat get you ready to speak.Despite Nervousness, You Can Make It Through a SpeechVery few persons are so bothered that they can't function. You may not enjoy the speech-but you can do it.Your Listeners Aren't Nearly as Likely to Notice Your Fear as You ThinInexperienced speakers find their fear increases because they think their audiences know how nervous they are. This makes the speaker more self-conscious. The fact is that people, even speech instructors, greatly underratethe amount of nervousness they believe a person has. Once you realize that your audience doesn't really notice the fear that you feel, you'll no longer experience so much nervousness.The More Experience You Get in Speaking, the More Able You Become to Cope with Nervousness As you gain experience, you learn to think about the audience and the message and not about yourself. You also come to realize that audiences are usually very supportive. You will find that having a group of people listening to you alone is very satisfying.Some Behaviors to Put into Operation Before and During the SpeechWe have looked at four factors that operate, almost without your knowledge, to help you cope with fear. Now let's consider some of the behaviors that you can put into operation before and during the speech itself.The very best behavior for controlling nervousness is to pick a topic you know something about and that you are interested in. Public speakers cannot allow themselves to be content with a topic they don't care about An unsatisfactory topic almost guarantees nervousness at the time of the speech. By the same token, having a topic that you know about and are truly interested lays the groundwork for a good speech.Then, give yourself enough time to prepare fully. Don't back yourself into a corner where you must find material, organize it, write an outline, and practice the speech all before an hour or two. This will almost guarantee failure and destroy your confidence. On the other hand, if you will do a little work a week before the assignment, you will feel less pressure and an increase of confidence.Giving yourself enough time to prepare fully includes enough time for practice. If our national love affair with big-time athletics has taught us anything, it is that careful preparation that allows an athlete or a speaker to succeed. Among more or less equal opponents, the team that wins is the team that is mentally and physically prepared. When an athlete says, "I'm going into this contest as well prepared as I can possibly be," he or she is more likely to do well. In this regard, speech making is not different from athletics. If you have carefully prepared and practiced your speech, you will do the kind of job that will make you proud.During this preparation period you can also be "psyching yourself up" for the speech. If you have a good topic and if you are well prepared, yo ur audience is going to profit from listening to you. That’s right—even though this is only a class and not a professional speaking experience. The audience is going to be glad they have heard you. Now before you say "Come on. Who are you trying to kid!" think of speeches you have heard. When someone had really good ideas, weren't you impressed? Of course you were. The fact is that some of the speeches you hear in class are going to be some of the best and most valuable speeches you are ever going to hear. Students learn to put time and effort into their speeches and many of them turn out to be quite good. If you work at it, your class is going to look forward to listening to you.In addition to what you can do before the speech, there are also some things that you can do at the time of the speech to reduce fear. Research indicates that it is during the period right before you walk up to give your speech and the time when you have your first contact with the audience that your fear is at its greatest.To make the most of these research findings, you must know yourself. Are you better off "getting it over with"? That is, being the first person to speak that day? If so, you can usually volunteer to go first. But regardless of when you speak, there is at least one additional thing yet, which can do to help yourself: Don't spend your time thinking about yourself or your speech. At the moment the class begins, you have done all you can to be prepared. This is the time to get your mind on something else. Try to listen to each of the speeches that come before you. Get involved with what each speaker is saying. Then when your turn comes, you will not be overly "worked up".As you walk to the speaker's stand, remind yourself that you have good ideas. You are well prepared. Your audience is going to want to hear what you have to say. So, even if you make mistakes, the audience will profit from your speech.When you reach the stand, pause a few seconds before you start. Take a deep breath. This may help get your breathing in order. Try to get movement into your speech during the first few sentences. Sometimes a few gestures or a step one way or another is enough to help break some of the tension.Remember that the college classroom may be the best place for developing confidence as a speaker.1. The passage tells you how to overcome stage fright.2. Even professional speakers are more nervous when they can see people taking notes and getting ready to evaluate.3. All of us have the same behaviors when we are nervous.4. If you have a good appearance, you are often confident in the public speech.5. If you realize that your audience doesn't really notice the fear that you feel, you'll experience much more nervousness.6. One way to control stage fright is to say something you are familiar with.7. The author of the article is definitely not nervous when he speaks.8. If you prepare the speech for a week before the assignment, you will feel less pressure and ______.9. You would have the greatest fear at the time before you walk up to give your speech and when you have ______.10. If you want to develop confidence in making speech, the best place you can choose is______.Part II. Listening Comprehension(30 points)Section A. Conversations(20 points)Directions: In this part, you will hear 20 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer, then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line though the centre.11. A) Go out to work. B) Listen carefully to John.C) Be calm and patient. D) Do the easiest thing.12. A) He doesn’t like to talk. B) He is a very kind man.C) He is friendly. D) He is not a pleasant person.13. A) The doctor won’t see her tomorrow. B) The doctor is busy tomorrow.C) The doctor is busy all day today. D) The doctor will see her today.14. A) Young people are too quick in making decisions.B) Young people seldom stay long on the same job.C) Young people lose their jobs easily.D) Young people are too eager to succeed.15. A) She felt it was tiring. B) She felt it was very nice.C) She thought it took less time. D) She thought it was expensive.16. A) They are having breakfast. B) They are eating some fruit.C) They are preparing a hot soup. D) They are drinking cold milk.17. A) The woman doesn’t want to spend Christmas with the man.B) The woman is going home for Christmas.C) The woman has not been invited to the Christmas party.D) The woman is going to spend Christmas abroad.18. A) By car. B) By bus. C) By plane. D) By train.19. A) It closes at four on weekdays. B) He doesn’t know its business hours.C) It isn’t open on Sundays.D) It is open till four on Sundays.20. A) Tennis shoes. B) Some clothes. C) Nothing yet. D) Music records.21. A) Librarian and student. B) Operator and caller.C) Boss and secretary. D) Customer and repairman.22. A) Look for the key. B) Repair the car.C) Fix a shelf. D) Paint a shelf.23. A) To make the woman angry. B) To please the man’s mother.C) David is the man’s good friend. D) David is good at carrying on conversations.24. A) He must meet his teacher. B) He must attend a class.C) He must go out with his girlfriend. D) He must stay at school to finish his homework.25. A) He wants to pay. B) He doesn’t want to eat o ut.C) He wants to eat somewhere else. D) He doesn’t like Japanese food.26. A) He didn’t work as hard as he was supposed to.B) He didn’t pass the physics exam.C) He did better in an earlier exam.D) He found something wrong with the exam.27. A) He is attending his sick mother at home. B) He is on a European tour with his mother.C) He is at home on sick leave. D) He is in Europe to see his mother.28. A) They don’t know how to get to Mike’s home.B) They are discussing when to meet again.C) They went to the same party some time ago.D) They will go to Mike’s birthday party.29. A) Five lessons B) Three lessons. C) Twelve lessons D) Fifteen lessons30. A) Find a larger room. B) Sell the old table.C) Buy two bookshelves. D) Rearrange some furniture.Section B. Passages(10 points)Directions: In this part, you will hear 2 short passages. At the end of the passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer, then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line though the centre.Passage OneQuestions 31 to 34 are based on the passage you have just heard.31. A) It had many problems. B) It was the most democratic country in the world.C) It was fair to women. D) It had some minor problems to solve.32. A) The women of some states.B) The women in the state of Wyoming only.C) The members of the National Women’s Association.D) The women in the state of Massachusetts only.33. A) At the very beginning of the 20th century.B) At the end of the 19th century.C) After Susan Anthony’s death.D) Just before Susan Anthon y’s death.34. A) she worked on the draft of the American Constitution.B) She was the chairman of the National Women’s Association.C) She was born in New York and died in Massachusetts.D) She was an activist in the women’s movement for equal rights.Passage TwoQuestions 35 to 57are based on the passage you have just heard.35. A) People with problems. B) Travels around the world.C) Beautiful America. D) People in great cities.57. A) He spent three months writi ng “Travels with Charley”.B) He enjoyed his travels around the United States.C) He was fond of writing about his travels.D) He didn’t enjoy the trip as much as Charley.Passage ThreeQuestions 58 to 61are based on the passage you have just heard.58. A) The long distance between his home town and New York.B) His unpopular character.C) The high unemployment rate in New York.D) His criminal record.59. A) He wanted to be put in prison again. B) He needed the money to support his family.C) He hated the barber there, D) He wanted to make himself well known.60. A) He went directly to the police station. B) He drove out of the town and tried to escape.C) He waited for the police to arrest him. D) He argued with the police angrily.61. A) Mr. Spears enjoyed living in prison.B) Mr. Spears was known as a greedy man in his community,C) The police in New York were not very efficient.D) The only way for Mr. Spears to support his family was by going to prison again.Part III. Reading Comprehension (30 points)Section A: Reading in Depth (10 points)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Last summer, Transportation Secretary Elizabeth Dole announced a new seatbelt-use rule: all the drivers and front passengers will be fined if they don’t wear seat belts afte r April 1989.The 47 wouldn’t have been necessary but for one simple fact. Even though seat belts could 48 nearly half of the deaths in fatal car accidents, 85 percent of the population simply won’t wear them.More than 30,000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or 49 injured each year. A 50 of only 30 miles per hour is the same as falling from a third-floor window. Wearing a seat belt saves lives; it 51 your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.52 , drivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt. If you do not, you could be fined up to $50. It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear your belt. But it will be the driver’s responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not 53 in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.54 , you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle; or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it. Make 55 these circumstances apply to you before you decide not to wear your seat belt.Remember you may be taken to 56 for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.Section B. Passages (20 points)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.In some ways the employment interview is like a persuasive speech because the applicant (interviewee) seeks to persuade the employer (interviewer) to employ him or her. Several suggestions might prove helpful to the applicant when he or she is preparing for the actual interview.A job applicant should gather certain types of information before the interview. First, the applicant should know what kind of job he wants and how that job relates to his career objective. It is important that the applicant be able to state why he wishes to work for a particular company. Second, the applicant should seek as much information as possible concerning the company, such as the location, the financial situation of the company, plans for expansion, and company philosophy. Information about most big corporations is available in reference books and periodicals.After gathering information concerning the company, the applicant is ready for the interview. The interviewer’s first impression comes from the interviewee’s appearance. For most interviews, the appropriate dress for a man is a conservative(保守的) dark colored suit with a long sleeve white or light blue shirt and conservative tie.Although hairstyle and dress are matters of personal taste, many personnel directors get first impressions from these characteristics. For example, one recent college graduate, who felt himself qualified, interviewed for a public relations job. Ho wever, the personnel manager considered this young man’s long hair, sloppy dress, and overly casual manner unsuited for this particular position.62. For whom is the passage most likely written?A. An employee.B. An employer.C. An interviewee.D. An interviewer.63. As the author suggests, what the applicant should know before the interview is _____.A .the type of work he wants and his career expectationB. his career objective a particular company will decideC. the reasons why a particular company wants to employ himD. all of the above64. Before the interview, the applicant should obtain some information about _____.A. most big corporationsB. the company he wants to work forC. reference books and periodicalsD. business and philosophy65. What the applicant wears, as the author suggests, can make him become _____.A. expressiveB. impressiveC. informativeD. conservative66. What does the passage tell us through the example in the last paragraph?A. The importance of personal taste.B. The importance of public relations.C. The importance of self-confidence.D. The importance of a first impression.Passage TwoQuestions 67 to 71 are based on the following passage.Sleep is part of a person's daily activity cycle. There are several different stages of sleep, and they too occur in cycles. If you are an average sleeper, your sleep cycle is as follows. When you first drift off into slumber (安睡), your eyes will roll about a bit, your temperature will drop slightly, your muscles will relax, and your breathing were slow and become quite regular. Your brain waves slow down a bit too, with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves predominating for the first few minutes. This is called stage 1 sleep. For the next half hour or so, as you relax more and more, you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep. The lower your stage of sleep, the slower your brain waves will be. Then about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose consciousness you will have reached the deepest sleep of all. Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm. This is stage 4 sleep.You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long, but instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber, your brain activity level will increase again slightly. The delta rhythm will disappear, to be replaced by the activity pattern of brain waves. Your eyes will begin to dart around under your closed eyelids (眼皮) as if you were looking at something occurring in front of you. This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some 8 to 15 minutes and is called REM sleep. It is during REM sleep period, your body will soon relax again, your breathing will grow slow and regular once more, and you will slip gently back from stage 1 to stage 4 sleep —only to rise once again to the surface of near consciousness some 80 minutes later.67.The stages of sleep take on ____.A) an irregular aspect. B) a regular aspectC) a punctual aspect D) a similar aspect68.Stage 4 sleep lasts ____.A) about 80 minutes B) about 40 to 60 minutesC) about 30 minutes D) about 20 to 40 minutes69.The brain waves are the slowest during ____.A) stage 1 B) stage 2 and stage 3C) stage 4 D) REM sleep70.In the second paragraph the word “dart” means ____.A) glare B) move rapidly or suddenlyC) stop moving D) gaze71.One of the features of REM sleep is that ____.A) there are large slow waves, though rapid for the first few minutesB) you have the deepest sleepC) there are no brain wavesD) the brain waves are a little fast and the brain becomes a little activePart IV. Vocabulary and Structures(10 points)Directions:There are 10 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.72. Few of the students understand why language is _______ to human beings.A. awareB. uniqueC. absoluteD. continual73. The method he used turned out to be _______ in improving the students' English.A. effectiveB. ableC. capableD. explicit74. The boss refused to give any _______ on the fact that his workers were out of jobs.A. responseB. commentC. answerD. reply75. What a ________ smell! Open the window and air the room.A. disgustingB. pleasingC. powerfulD. disturbing76. She was putting on her jeans ________ me to hand her the sweater.A. while askedB. askedC. askingD. while asking77. I got a little ________ when I learned that the appointment with the general manager was changed to another time.A. concernedB. distractedC. upsetD. awful78. People working in the government should not _________________ business affairs that might change their political judgment.A. engage inB. hope forC. choose betweenD. pick on79. The large wings of that bird _________________ it to fly very high and fast.A. makeB. enableC. forceD. realize80. When you're in Paris you can't help being ________ of the way the streets are kept clean.A. effectiveB. relaxedC. consciousD. obvious81. He was a good worker who was ________ to his family as well as to his work.A. consistentB. committedC. contentD. engaged82. It is said that ________ to the plan so far have been positive.A. reactionsB. viewsC. ideasD. opinions83. Robin thought that the best _______ to learning a foreign language is the study of the spoken language.A. methodB. wayC. meansD. approach84. Listening, speaking, reading, and then writing _______ the basic order in language learning.A. assistsB. constitutesC. establishesD. founds85. The young professor ______ himself as an international leader in the field of mathematics.A. establishedB. builtC. foundedD. found86. With the job ________, he went to see a film with his colleagues.A. doneB. doingC. to doD. do87. Neither his colleagues nor his mother ________ his marriage to that girl.A. acceptB. acceptsC. agreeD. agrees88. Most people have no real idea how to change to healthy food, and Maureen was no ________.A. foundationB. possibilityC. exceptionD. ignorance89. Good managing of a company ________ great efforts.A. calls onB. calls outC. calls inD. calls at90. She is a ______ woman who is certain of her ideas and actions.A. significantB. awareC. confidentD. intense91. ________ speech is the most obvious form of communication, we do use other forms to communicate.A. SinceB. WhenC. WhileD. AsPart V. Cloze (10 points)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.In Hollywood there is a company that publishes children’s books with the 92_ of computers. Although other book companies also publish that 93 , this particular company is very 94 . It “personalizes” the books, 95 having the computer make the reader the leading 96 in the story. Here is 97 they do it. Let us say 98 child is named Jenny.She lives on Oak Drive in St. Louis, has a dog named Spot, a cat named Tabby, and three playmates 99names are Betsy, Sandy, and Jody. The computer uses this information to fill 100 a story that has 101 been prepared and illustrated. The story is then 102 with standard equipment as a hardcover 103 . A child who receives such a book might say, “This book is 104 me.” The company, therefore, 105 itself the “Me~Books Publishing Company”.Children like the me-books 106 they. like to see 107 print their own names and the names of their 108 and their pets. But more important, “personalization” has been found an important tool in 109 enthusiasm for reading. Me-books are 100 helping a child to learn how to read, by appealing 111 that natural desire to see his own name in print.92. A) use B) aid C) instruction D) guide93. A) time B) way C) kind D) form94. A) unusual B) scarce C) common D) modern85. A) in B) with C) by D) at96. A) role B) hero C) character D) person97. A) what B) why C) where D) how98. A) your B) their C) its D) our99. A) their B) whose C) by D) with100. A) with B) into C) up D) out101. A) always B) hardly C) already D) ever102. A) printed B) built C) pressed D) made103. A) magazine B) story C) issue D) book104. A) beyond B) about C) of D) with105. A) calls B) earns C) entitles D) marks106. A) which B) when C) because D) but107. A) in B) on C) at D) with108. A) families B) schools C) teachers D) friends109. A) developing B) making C) discovering D) growing110. A) throughout B) thus C) otherwise D) ever111. A) for B) upon C) with D) toPart VI. Translation (10 points)Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.Please write your composition on the back of the Answer Sheet in a clear and tidy way.102. I have had great deal of trouble______________________________.(跟得上班上的其他同学)103. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates,________________(正如预料的那样).104. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used______________(习惯了学生迟到) his lecture. 105. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means____________(想找麻烦).106. It may be necessary to stop__________________________(每隔…时间) in the learning process and go back to the difficult points in the lessons.。