江苏省扬州中学2023-2024学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题
江苏省扬州市扬州大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一上学期第二次阶段练习英语试题
江苏省扬州市扬州大学附属中学2023-2024学年高一上学期第二次阶段练习英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择Some under-30 travelers prefer to get around with people their own age. If that’s you, you’re in the right place! Follow us to South America and cover all of the highlights.Start Lima, PeruFinish Rio de Janeiro, BrazilDestinations Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, PeruGroup size Min 1, Max 16Why you’ll love this trip·Wander in the Amazon jungle at night. Float (漂浮) down the river, keeping an eye out for the frightening eyes of jaguars and caimans.·Tour the floating islands of Uros on Lake Titicaca. Spend the night under the stars in a traditional island village.·Whether you trek (跋涉) the classic Inca Trail, the Inca Quarry Trail or take the scenic train route to Machu Picchu, trust us, this is going to be one of the highlights of your life.·Don’t worry. We won’t occupy all of your time. You’ll have plenty of opportunity to bounce around Cusco, digging deep into the pockets of Inca history.·Go to the strangely wonderful La Paz, from the wines of the Witches’ Market to the tasty treats of Mercado Lanza.·Ever dreamt of walking on water? Now’s your chance. The sprawling salt lakes of Bolivia serve up special photo opportunities.·The Iguazu Falls is on the border between Argentina and Brazil, and you’ll be able to see it from both sides.·Rio de Janeiro is a great place to end the trip. Party down with the locals and experience a culture at the beating heart of Brazil.1．Where can the tourists learn about Inca history?A．In Lima.B．In Machu Picchu.C．In Cusco.D．In Rio deJaneiro.2．What is the trip like?A．Relaxing and interesting.B．Adventurous and exciting.C．Comfortable and refreshing.D．Educational and economical. 3．Which site can be admired from two different countries?A．The floating islands of Uros.B．The Inca Quarry Trail.C．The Witches’ Market.D．The Iguazu Falls.Another person’s enthusiasm — the strong wish and interest to do everything, was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved. That person was my stepmother.I was nine years old when she entered our home in the countryside of Virginia. My father introduced me to her with these words: “I would like you to meet the fellow who is well known for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no later than tomorrow morning.”My stepmother walked over to me, raised my head slightly upward, and looked at me right into my eyes. Then she looked at my father and replied, “You are wrong. This is not the worst boy at all, but the smartest one who hasn’t yet found a way to give out his enthusiasm.”That statement began a friendship between us. No one had ever called me smart, my family and neighbors had built me up in my mind as a bad boy. My stepmother changed all that.She changed many things. She persuaded my father to go to a dental school, from which he graduated with honors. She moved our family into the county centre, where my father’s career could be more successful and my brother and I could be better educated.When I turned fourteen, she bought me a secondhand typewriter and told me that she believed that I could become a writer. I knew her enthusiasm, and I saw how it had already improved our lives. I accepted her belief and began to write for local newspapers and finally reached the goal she set for me. I wasn’t the only beneficiary. My father became the wealthiest man in town. My brother and stepbrothers became a physician, a dentist, a lawyer, and a college president.4．What’s the following is right before the author’s stepmother came into his life?A．People had noticed his cleverness.B．His father had been away from home for a long time.C．He knew how to show his enthusiasm properly.D．He was considered a rude boy with wild behaviors.5．Which of the following expressions about the author’s stepmother is NOT right?A．She praised him from the bottom of her heart.B．She gave some writing lessons to him at home.C．She moved the family into the centre of the county.D．She planned the future for each family member.6．What does the author mean by “I wasn’t the only beneficiary”?A．There were other boys who behaved as badly as he did.B．His stepmother bought typewriters for other family members, too.C．Not only he but also his family gained from his stepmother’s enthusiasm.D．Other family members’ enthusiasm has great effects on his stepmother.7．Which of the following is best the title of the passage?A．Enthusiasm, a Power for Success B．Enthusiasm, a Challenge for AllC．Enthusiasm, a Gift from my Father D．Enthusiasm, a Tradition in FamiliesSouth African scientists have started working toward one day injecting radioactive material into the horns of rhinos (将放射性物质注入犀牛角) to save the animals from poachers (偷猎者).While using radioactive material sounds like a radical measure (激进措施), it is trying to deal with an extremely serious problem. Poachers have killed two-thirds of South Africa’s rhinos over the past years. In 2014 alone, 1,215 South African rhinos were killed by poachers. Millions of dollars are spent each year on protecting the animals, with limited success: last year 394 deaths were recorded. Rhino horns are highly popular in some illegal (非法的) markets, selling for up to $100,000 a kilogram.The big question now is whether or not the rhinos will suffer any pain or experience harmful side effects as a result of injecting such material into their horns. “This is what scientists are trying to work out with a lot of testing,” said Dr Mitzi Klein, the Australia’s Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation’s (ANSTO) scientist. “The most important thing is to protect the rhino and the environment around them, and not hurt the rhino one bit.”Dr Guy Castley from Griffith University said that any injection into the horn itself won’t hurt because the horn is made up of a material called keratin, which is the same as human nails and hair. “The horn itself does not have any nerves or blood vessels (神经或血管) inside it. So it’s not likely to cause the rhino any discomfort or pain,” he said.Dr Castley stressed that it’s too early to say if radioactive material will be used and Dr Klein agreed that radiation won’t come near any rhino until they discover a way to put the radiation safely in the horn “... so that it does not spread to the body or hurt anything in the environment.”“We need to protect rhinos, because we’re in danger of losing them forever. If we can find a way to safely put radiation in the horns, it could end poaching, because it would no longer be safe for people to use horns to make medicine,” Dr Klein said. Sensors could also be used to pick up radioactive material in the horns, making it harder for poachers to send them to other countries.8．What is the author mainly talking about in paragraph 2?A．Poaching is under effective control.B．Rhinos are in a dangerous situation.C．The protection of rhinos is rather costly.D．Rhinos are very popular in South Africa.9．According to Dr Klein, why is lots of testing needed?A．To find out what makes up rhino horns.B．To decide which medicine is suitable for rhinos.C．To examine whether the injection will harm rhinos.D．To show that rhino horns are useless in treating illnesses.10．What is Dr Castley’s attitude toward using radioactive material?A．Careful.B．Satisfied.C．Uncertain.D．Doubtful. 11．What is the main purpose of the text?A．To report a research result on rhinos.B．To introduce a possible way to save rhinos.C．To stress the importance of stopping poaching.D．To explain the ill effects of radioactive material.My father died when I was nine, and I remember doing the household chores to help my mother. I hated changing the vacuum cleaner (真空吸尘器) bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up.Twenty years later, in 1978, I was doing chores at home alongside my wife. One day the vacuum cleaner was screaming away, and I had to empty the bag because I could not find areplacement for it. With this lifelong hatred of the way the machine worked, I decided to make a bagless vacuum cleaner.Easier said than done, of course. I didn’t realize that I would spend the next five years perfecting my design, a process that resulted in 5,127 different prototypes (设计原型). By the time I made my 15th prototype, my third child was born. By 2,627, my wife and I were really counting our pennies. By 3,727, my wife was giving art lessons for some extra cash, and we were getting further and further into debt. These were tough times, but each failure brought me closer to solving the problem.I just had a passion for the vacuum cleaner as a product, but I never thought of going into a business with it. In the early 1980s, I started trying to get licensing agreements (许可协议) for my technology. The reality was very different, however. The major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the profits from bags and filters (滤网). No one would license my idea, not because it was a bad one, but because it was bad for business.That gave me the courage to keep going, but soon after, the companies that I had talked with started making machines like mine. I had to fight legal battles on both sides of the Atlantic to protect the patents on my vacuum cleaner. However, I was still in financial difficulties until 1993, when my bank manager personally persuaded Lloyds Bank to lend me $1 million. Then I was able to go into production. Within two years, the Dyson vacuum cleaner became a best-seller in Britain.Today, I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention. Go out and brainstorm your ideas. You are not bound to any rules — in fact, the stranger and riskier your idea, the better.12．According to the article, which of the following statements about James Dyson is NOT true?A．He lost his father during his childhood and lived with his mother.B．He decided to develop an innovative vacuum cleaner for his wife while in his thirties.C．He built over five thousand prototypes of the vacuum cleaner between 1978 and 1983.D．The vacuum cleaner he reinvented became popular with British customers as soon as it arrived on the market.13．According to the article, Dyson’s bagless vacuum cleaner was produced in large numbers _______A．in the carly 1980sB．before he obtained a patent on the productC．after his bank manager agreed to lend him $1 millionD．after he managed to get a S1 million loan14．It can be inferred from the article that _______.A．Dyson was a born businessmanB．Dyson's invention might have ended up in failure without his wifeC．Dyson had no confidence in his vacuum cleaner initiallyD．Dyson's vacuum cleaner was never recognized by other vacuum makers 15．According to the article, which of the following would most likely be Dyson’s motto?A．We are all failures — at least the best of us are.B．The foundation stones for a success are honesty, faith, love and loyalty.C．It is only in adventure that some people succeed in knowing themselves.D．The brave man is not he who does not feel afraid, but he who conquers that fear.Failure is likely the most tiring experience one ever has. There is nothing more exhausting than not succeeding. 16In the former case, we keep putting off a task because it was either too boring or too difficult. And the longer we delay it, the more tired we feel. Such start-up fatigue is very real, even if not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. 17 Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors. Applying my own rule, I determined to write them alphabetically, never letting myself leave out a tough idea. And I always started the day’s work with the most difficult task of essay-writing. The experience proved that the rule works.18 Though willing to get started, we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear so great that, however hard we work, we fail again and again. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can then let the unconsciousness (无意识) take over.When planning Encyclopedia Britannica, I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles. Day after day, I kept coming up with solutions, but none of them worked.19 One day, mentally exhausted, I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself, not with me. Relieved, I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep. 20 In the weeks that followed, the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step. Though I worked as hard as before, I felt no fatigue. Success was nowas exciting as failure had been depressing.Human beings, I believe must try to succeed. Success, then, means never feeling tired.A．My fatigue became almost unbearable.B．I felt depressed and gave it up eventually.C．Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.D．Use your unconsciousness and you can reduce your tiredness.E．An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind.F．The solution is not easy to apply: always handle the most difficult job first.G．Here are two ways of exhaustion ——start-up fatigue and performance fatigue.二、完形填空even with friends, and certainly not with strangers. People from Latin American countries,pushiness, will keep backing away — which the Latino will in return regard as coldness.Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 32 And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from different cultures, there’s a strong possibility of 33 . But whatever the situation, the best 34 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 35 .21．A．straighter B．louder C．harder D．further 22．A．sounds B．invitations C．feeling D．messages 23．A．hope B．receive C．discover D．mean 24．A．immediate B．misleading C．important D．difficult25．A．well B．far C．much D．long 26．A．trade B．distance C．connections D．greetings 27．A．eye B．verbal C．bodily D．telephone 28．A．in other words B．on the other hand C．in a similar way D．by all means 29．A．trouble B．conversation C．silence D．experiment 30．A．disturbing B．helping C．guiding D．following 31．A．closer B．faster C．in D．away 32．A．talk B．travel C．laugh D．think 33．A．curiosity B．excitement C．misunderstanding D．nervousness 34．A．chance B．time C．result D．advice 35．A．noticed B．treated C．respected D．pleased三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
江苏省扬州中学2021-2022学年高三上学期10月月考英语
江苏省扬州中学2021-2022学年高三上学期月考英语（2021.10）第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节: (共15个小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AIndependence is something that can be difficult to achieve. But don't worry because here we have four books that can help you. If you don't buy less than three of them, you'll be given a 20% discount!The Total Money Makeover by Dave RamseyTaking care of your finance is hard. Dave Ramsey, a famous businessman, is here to take you on the whole process of planning your finance, and show the myths of cash advances and debt consolidation (债务重整), to make sure your finance is healthy.Price: $14.49Grace 's Guide by Grace HelbigGrace Helbig shared her tips to becoming a grown-up. The book is full of personal stories of Helbig, her struggles and the lessons she learnt from failing many times. This book is youron-the-go fun read with pictures and drawings of Helbig, and worksheets (作记录) to practice.Price: $7.95The Oh She Glows Cookbook by Angela LiddonHaving suffered from eating disorder and living on diet, Angela Liddon promised to eat healthily forever. She threw out her fat-free butter spray (黄油喷雾) and low-calorie frozen dinners after learning how to properly cook. This book contains more than 100 recipes (食谱) covering breakfast, salads, soups, power snacks and the main dishes for a healthy meal at any time of the day. We all know that healthy eating is all part of being independent.Price: $22.22Tiny Beautiful Things by Cheryl StrayedLife can be hard, especially when it comes to relationships with others. In the book, Strayed gives advice on love and life. She writes about different subjects: a son rejected by his parents, a mother who has lost her child. And the message hidden throughout all her advice is always that, if you want a good life, you have to create it.Price: $8.7621. How much will you save at least if you buy three of the listed books?A. $5.68B. $6.24C. $8.95D. $9.10.22. What is special for the book Grace's Guide?A. It is about how to grow up healthily.B. It is mainly about how to work better.C. It is based on its author's life experience.D. It teaches readers to learn from others’ life stories.23. Which book should you choose for someone who is bad at getting along with others?A. Grace's Guide.B. Tiny Beautiful Things.C. The Total Money Makeover.D. The Oh she Glows Cookbook.Tech giants Apple and Google are teaming up to create a system that would let smart phone users know when they've come into contact with someone who has COVID-19.The technology would rely on the Bluetooth signals that smart phones can both send out and receive personal tests positive( 阳性) for COVID-19, they could inform public health authorities through an app. Those public health apps would then warn anyone whose smart phones had come near the infected person's phone in the previous 14 days. The technology could be used on both Google Android phones and Apple iPhones.The companies insist that they will preserve smart phone users' privacy and their technology will be used only by public health authorities to trace the spread of COVID- 19. Smart phone users can choose to use it. The software will not collect data on users' physical locations or their personally identifiable information. People who test positive would remain unknown to the public, both to the people who came in contact with them and to Apple and Google.“Privacy is of greatest importance in this effort," the companies said in a joint statement.The American Civil Libertics Union has warned that using cellphone data to handle the pandemic carries risks of “destruction of privacy”. In a statement on Friday, ACLU cyber security counsel Jennifer Granick said, The system also can't work well if people don 't trust it”. She said that the joint Apple and Google project “appears to reduce the worst privacy risks, but there is still room for improvement.” She added that the contact tracing app should be used only for public health purposes and only for the duration of this pandemic.Public health officials say the contact tracing -finding people who have been in contact with an infected person will be a key step in lifting shelter in-place restrictions.It would allow people who are known to have been exposed to the virus to isolate themselves, while letting others recover normal activities.24. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To advertise for public health.B. To introduce a contact tracing system.C. To warn the public of risks of COVID-19.D. To raise people's awareness of privacy protection.25. What do the companies promise to do in particular?A. Warn people who test positive.B. Protect infected people's privacy.C. Work with public health authorities.D. Collect data on users physical locations.26. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 suggest?A. Public health issues are traced accurately.B. Only people's trust influences the system.C. The system is at the risk of being destroyed.D. Jennifer thinks the system should be better.27. The system is mainly designed toA. ensure infected people's recoveryB. guarantee people's normal activitiesC. help prevent the spread of COVID-19D. encourage all the people to isolate themselvesThe U.S. Postal Service (USPS) continues to bleed red ink. It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for fiscal 2016, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue. Meanwhile, it has more than $ 120 billion in unfunded liabilities, mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many bankruptcies. Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management in the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality.And interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS's ultimate overseer-Congress-insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected. This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.Now comes word that everyone involved--Democrats, Republicans, the Postal Service, the unions and the system's heaviest users--has finally agreed on a plan to fix the system. Legislation is moving through the House that would save USPS an estimated $28.6 billion over five years, which could help pay for new vehicles, among other survival measures. Most of the money would come from a penny-per-letter permanent rate increase and from shifting postal retirees into Medicare. The latter step would largely offset the financial burden of annually pre-funding retiree health care, thus addressing a long-standing complaint by the USPS and its union.If it clears the House, this measure would still have to get through the Senate--where someone is bound to point out that it amounts to the bare, bare minimum necessary to keep the Postal Service afloat, not comprehensive reform. There s no change to collective bargaining at the USPS, a major omission considering that personnel accounts for 80 percent of the agency’s costs. Also missing is any discussion of eliminating Saturday letter delivery. That common-sense change enjoys wide public support and would save the USPS $2 billion per year. But postalspecial-interest groups seem to have killed it, at least in the House. The emerging consensus around the bill is a sign that legislators are getting frightened about a politically embarrassing short-term collapse at the USPS. It is not, however, a sign that they’re getting serious about transforming the postal system for the 21st century.28. The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly byA. its unbalanced budgetB. its rigid managementC. the cost for technical upgradingD. the withdrawal of bank support29. The long-standing complaint by the USPS and its unions can be addressed byA. removing its burden of retiree health careB. making more investment in new vehiclesC. adopting a new rate-increase mechanismD. attracting more first-class mail users30. In the last paragraph, the author seems to view legislators withA. respectB. toleranceC. discontentD. gratitude31. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. The USPS Starts to Miss Its Good Old Days.B. The Postal Service: Keep Away from My Cheese.C. The USPS: Chronic Illness Requires a Quick Cure.D. The Postal Service Needs More than a Band-Aid.DOne of the classic science- fiction treatments of the end of civilization was The Death of Grass, by John Christopher, in which a mysterious sickness struck down all the grasses on which most of the world's agriculture is based, from rice to wheat. In the end, politics among the survivors of disease, war and famine were reduced to bitter fratricidal ( 手足相残) struggle over a defensible potato patch. Like most of the so-called "comfortable disaster" novels, this could be criticized for optimism. Depressing as a future of famine and the war of all against all might seem, the consequences were largely limited to humans.However, the threatened extinction of insect populations around the world raises the prospect of a much less general disaster, which would involve plants, birds, fish, small mammals, and everything else depending on insects. That's just the start, other species, and we ourselves, depend on the animals and plants that need insects. When they go, we go. This is not just a greater disaster. It's a much more reasonable one. The most recent study has concluded that insect biomass is decreasing around the world at a rate of 2.5% a year. At that rate, half the insects in the world will be gone in 50 years' time, and all of them in a century - though no one will be keeping track of centuries then.The chief driver of this disaster is unchecked human greed. In spite of our individual and even collective cleverness, we behave as a species with as little foresight as a colony of nematode (线虫) worms that will consume everything that it can reach until all is gone and it dies off naturally. The challenge of behaving more intelligently than creatures that have no brain at all will not be easy. But unlike the nematodes, we know what to do. The UN convention on biodiversity was signed in 1992, alongside the convention on climate change. Giving it the strength to hold back our appetites is now urgent. Biodiversity is not an optional extra. It is the web that holds all life, including human life.The two main expressions of greed that speed this apocalypse ( 世界末日) are global warming and industrial agriculture. It appears that most of the damage is being done in the developed world by farming practices. The use of giant fields, lack of shelter for insects of any sort at all, whether they are harmful to human interests or not, and where the plants are drenched in long-lasting pesticides, is fatal for uncounted billions of insects. The effects of this kind of farming reach beyond the fields immediately affected, too. There has been a huge loss of aquatic insect species from the rivers into which the products of industrial agriculture are flushed by rain. Even in German nature reserves, which are by definition protected from the use of pesticides, there have been steep falls in insect populations because so many of the most widely used ones are persistent and prevent breeding.32. Which of the following statements about The Death of Grass is true?A. It holds an optimistic attitude towards famine in the future.B. It understates the severity of the disaster facing the world.C. It gives a vivid account of the most serious famine in history.D. It demonstrates how evil human nature turns out to be.33. In paragraph 2, the writer mentions the most recent study in order toA. prove that the prediction about the great disaster makes senseB. show how soon the insects worldwide will go extinctC. argue for the necessity to protect insect populationsD. suggest a possible approach to increasing insect biomass34. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Humans are similar to nematode in that both of them lack foresight.B. We haven't done enough about maintaining biodiversity.C. Modern farming is to blame for the threatened extinction of insects.D. Germany sets a good example by minimizing the use of pesticides.35. What will the author probably discuss after the last paragraph?A. How industrial agriculture brings about apocalypse.B. What influence pesticides may have on people's lives.C. Why insect populations in Germany are on the decline.D. Where unchecked human greed can also be spotted.第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
江苏省扬州中学2024-2025学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题
江苏省扬州中学2024-2025学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题一、阅读理解Want to know all the ins-and-outs regarding the Paris 2024 Olympics? Then you’ve come to the right place! Below you will find all the information about the new Olympic sports.Olympic skateboardingWho will follow in the footsteps of Momiji Nishiya, the first Olympic skateboarding champion, who was crowned at the last Games at the age of 13? The answer will be revealed in Paris this summer. Speed, technique, mastery of the board will be required to successfully perform the most beautiful tricks.Olympic sports climbingWith its second time entering the Olympics, sports climbing has three branches: Speed, Bouldering and Lead. Speed is all about the speed of climbing. Bouldering is all about climbing a boulder on a wall and Lead requires athletes to climb a difficult route 20 meters high.Olympic surfingThe Olympics will be held in Paris, but what about Olympic surfing? There is one venue that is literally on the other side of the world. The location Teahupoo, on the island of Tahiti, is where Olympic surfing will take place. This island is part of French Polynesia, between Australia and South America.Olympic breakdancingBreakdancing is the new Olympic sport that will make its first appearance in Paris 2024. How to establish a grading system without taking away the artistic freedom at the same time? The points should be based on creativity and musicality, a gray area that depends a lot on feeling and thus has a lot of subjectivity to it.Looking for a handy list of all sports? Click here! Throughout Paris there are all kinds of stadiums and arenas (竞技场) where sporting events are held. Not only Paris itself, but also the surrounding suburbs of the capital of France set the stage for the Olympic Games!1．Which sport is entering the Olympics for the first time in Paris 2024?A．Olympic skateboarding.B．Olympic sports climbing.C．Olympic surfing.D．Olympic breakdancing.2．Which of the following statements is correct?A．Skateboarding requires a high level of physical strength.B．Each sports climbing branch focuses on a different skill.C．All the four sports events will be held in Paris.D．The scoring of breakdancing is highly objective.3．Where is the text probably taken from?A．A sports website.B．A health magazine.C．A travel brochure.D．An Olympic news report.Before going abroad, I was very concerned about culture shock, but it turned out that I had a harder time dealing with reverse (逆向的) culture shock when returning home. Coming back has been a tougher transition than expected. It’s not just about transitioning back to home life; it’s also about handling the strange situation of being a different person in the same old environment. I am most terrified of waking up in a few months and feeling like I’m the same person I was before I studied abroad.This situation is especially strange with people who have known me for a long time, like my parents, who witnessed all my major life changes before this one. I didn’t realize how much I’d changed until I interacted with them and close friends. Despite only being away for three and a half months, I quickly noticed the differences between who I was before and who I am now. Over the past few weeks at home, I’ve been wondering how to maintain the positive changes and qualities gained from my semester abroad.I’ve realized that surroundings and situations greatly influence mindset, and keeping a certain mindset while losing its corresponding (相对应的) environment is challenging. For instance, being in Madrid taught me to be more relaxed and stress-free. However, returning to Penn State with its demanding course load makes maintaining that mentality (心态) difficult. I’ve come to realize the problem that perpetual stress about school isn’t healthy, especially after experiencing a semester of travel, fun, and academic success. Therefore, I’ve decided to work hard and study as usual but occasionally give myself a break, and do what I can to avoid getting over-stressed about tests and assignments. This means I will put in effort when necessary in order to make sure I am always caught up or ahead of class material.Coming home has been more challenging than expected, but I’m confident I’ll get throughit in the next few weeks. Nevertheless, I’m determined to maintain the important lessons I learned about myself and others in Madrid.4．What was the author’s biggest concern when returning home?A．Going back to his original self.B．Adapting to new surroundings.C．Experiencing culture shock.D．Missing old acquaintances.5．What did the author realize after returning home?A．He should make his family familiar with his positive changes.B．He should change his mentality to care less about his study.C．He should adapt his mindset to fit into the old learning environment.D．He should apply himself to his study to stay ahead of class.6．What does the underlined word “perpetual” in Paragraph 3 mean?A．Current.B．Improper.C．Unnecessary.D．Continuous. 7．What is the passage mainly about?A．The sufferings of reverse culture shock.B．The reflections on personal growth.C．The adaptations to new environments.D．The success in academic performance.As we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don’t exercise, the changes can start even sooner.“Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart.Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.“We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.” But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn’t change, he says.“The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven’t already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility,” Levine says. “We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all.”Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine’s findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference. 8．What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band?A．The right way of exercising.B．The causes of a heart attack.C．The difficulty of keeping fit.D．The aging process of the heart.9．In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design?A．Diet plan.B．Professional background.C．Exercise type.D．Previous physical condition.10．What does Levine’s research find?A．Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise.B．High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young.C．It is never too late for people to start taking exercise.D．The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get.11．What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest?A．Making use of the findings.B．Interviewing the study participants.C．Conducting further research.D．Clarifying the purpose of the study.In the spring, the western tanagers (唐纳雀) prepared to migrate (迁徙) thousands of miles to the forests of the Mountain West, flying through grasslands, deserts, and occasionally, suburban yards.To fuel them on their lengthy journey, western tanagers feed on insects and berries. They must take advantage of the early-season boom in insects that started with springtime plant growthto produce healthy young. But as global climate change caused spring to start earlier, birds such as western tanagers were arriving at their destination after what was known as “green-up”, when flowers began blooming and insects popped up. With the shift of the time when plants put out new leaves, western tanagers became more likely to reach their destinations when food is in shortage or after insect numbers have begun to drop.Scott Loss, a professor at Oklahoma State University and his colleagues used satellite imagery to calculate the average start of spring green-up along the typical migration routes of 150 North American bird species, and then compared that timing with the current green-up. They found that spring was indeed beginning earlier along birds’ migration routes. The trend continued this year.The paper continued to build this picture of the inability of birds to track the changing seasons caused by climate change. Timing mismatches between birds and their food could affect whether birds survived the migration and how many chicks they had.Morgan Tingley, a researcher at UCLA said that the migration research could indicate conservation efforts in the future. “Part of it suggested which species were vulnerable (易受伤害的) to various threats,” Tingley said. “This added to the knowledge about vulnerability of a wide range of bird species.” And he hoped that the information would serve to highlight the urgent need to lower greenhouse-gas emissions as fast as possible: “It was really important, if we couldn’t address climate change immediately, to try to stop habitat loss as much as we can.”12．During the migration, what will happen to the western tanagers after “green-up” ?A．They will struggle to find enough insects and berries.B．They will have difficulty finding suitable nesting sites.C．They will hardly find blooming flowers for reproduction.D．They will find it hard to survive harsher weather conditions.13．What is the direct result of the timing mismatch between birds and their food?A．The loss of birds’ habitats.B．The decrease of birds’ survival rate.C．The contribution to the greenhouse effect.D．The increase of difficulty in biodiversity conservation.14．What is Morgan Tingley’s attitude towards the research findings in the last paragraph?A．Uncertain.B．Critical.C．Concerned.D．Indifferent.15．Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．The Diverse Patterns of Bird MigrationB．The Timing Mismatch of Western TanagersC．The Impact of Climate Change on Migratory BirdsD．The Vulnerability of Bird Species to Various ThreatsThese days, most people like using messaging apps when they need to communicate with someone. But sometimes making a call is unavoidable. However, this simple act can actually be a nightmare for some people. 16 . If this sounds familiar to you, you might be one of the millions of people who suffer from telephobia — the fear of speaking over the phone.17 When speaking face-to-face, we use facial expressions and gestures that help each other follow the conversation. This is not the case over the phone. And the idea of speaking with someone on the phone makes some people so terrified that they will freeze up and look foolish. However, there are things that one suffering from this condition can do to ease this fear.One thing that those with telephobia can do before a call is smile. 18 It won’t remove the anxiety altogether, but it will take the edge off it.Similarly, imagining how the call will go before you make it can also help things go more smoothly. That will make you feel less nervous and help you predict some possible problems. There’s no need to spend hours on this, just a few minutes forming several ideas of what you want to say. 19 This is particularly useful for dealing with the fear of not being able to express yourself spontaneously (自然地).And finally, when faced with receiving a call, you don’t always have to pick up. 20 A．Doing so can help you feel more relaxed.B．It’s often the opening lines that give us the most anxiety.C．Their heart race and their hands sweat at the very thought of it.D．People who feel comfortable in social situations may experience telephobia.E．The most important thing is to be aware of your fear and take steps to deal with it.F．You can even write down some brief notes to remind yourself of your talking.G．There’s nothing wrong with calling the person back later when you feel more comfortable.二、完形填空Every day on the way to work, I drive down a street lined with pine trees. One tree in particular 21 my attention. It must have suffered some 22 . Part of its trunk (树干) grew nearly parallel to the ground, and then in an effort to 23 its own course of life, the trunk took a 90 degree turn 24 to stand tall and stretch toward the sun.This tree became a 25 for me. Each day as I drove by, I saw this bent but determined tree and I would be 26 . It was a reminder to me that 27 I may not have had the best start in life, I could change 28 in the parts of my life at any time.I was planning to stop one day to get a perfect 29 of my kindredspirit (志趣相同的) tree. But that week I was 30 . After that busy week, I still didn’t take any action. Every time I drove by the tree, I would 31 myself, “Tomorrow, I’ll stop tomorrow to take one.” Then one day, as I 32 by “my” tree, I glanced over, and much to my 33 found a sawed-off stump (树桩) where that symbolic tree had stood. Gone. I had 34 my plan until tomorrow and tomorrow proved to be too 35 .A picture of a tree gives me a lesson clearly: if you knew you would never have the opportunity to do it again, what would you do? Why not do those things that you have been putting off until tomorrow?21．A．paid B．caught C．fixed D．escaped 22．A．damage B．influence C．experience D．defeat 23．A．follow B．design C．change D．imagine 24．A．applying B．attempting C．happening D．learning 25．A．shelter B．signal C．sign D．symbol 26．A．interested B．satisfied C．encouraged D．educated 27．A．even though B．as if C．in case D．only if 28．A．purpose B．plan C．habit D．direction 29．A．glance B．view C．picture D．knowledge 30．A．busy B．free C．worried D．bored31．A．tell B．help C．call D．see 32．A．wandered B．drove C．rode D．ran33．A．surprise B．pleasure C．regret D．happiness 34．A．taken off B．cut off C．put off D．called off 35．A．cold B．far C．sunny D．late三、语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
扬州中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考 英语试题含答案
扬州中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语2024.10第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the restaurant’s specialty?A. American food.B. Italian food.C. Thai food.2. Why is the man here?A. To have an interview.B. To make an inquiry.C. To visit the woman.3. What is the woman most excited about?A. Seeing sharks.B. Going to the beach.C. Staying with her relatives.4. Where are the speakers?A. At a bus stop.B. In a car.C. On a bus.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. Why the electricity bill went up.B. Where they can pay the electricity bill.C. How they can reduce the electricity usage.第二节(共15小题；每小题1 .5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选择最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
江苏省扬州中学2023-2024学年高三上学期1月月考英语试题(含答案)
江苏省扬州中学2023-2024学年度第一学期高三阶段检测英语2024.1本试卷分四个部分。
满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will the woman do next?A.Attend a meeting.B.Pick up the man's client.C.Send the man to his office.2.What does the man think of the campus?A.It’s beautiful.B.It's a Greek campus.C.It’s an ancient campus.3.What is the woman?A.A salesperson.B.A hotel clerk.C.A waitress.4.What type of book is the woman reading?A.Science fiction.B.Horror fiction.C.Romantic fiction.5.When will the man probably meet Dr.Banks?A.At8:20.B.At8:50.C.At9:20.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.What does the woman probably want the man to do?A.Do some cleaning.B.Be careful in his job.C.Take out the trash in turn.7.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Mother and son.B.Brother and sister.C.Manager and new worker.听第7段材料，回答第8到10题。
精品解析：江苏省扬州市广陵区扬州中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题(原卷版)
2023-2024 学年度第二学期阶段练习高一英语（本试卷满分150 分，考试时间120 分钟）第一部分听力（共两节，每小题1.5 分，满分30 分）第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who keeps the pen now?A. Louise.B. Julie.C. Mark.2. When do the speakers usually play tennis?A. On Monday.B. On TuesdayC. On Friday.3. How does the woman probably feel?A. Frightened.B. Relaxed.C. Amused.4. What does the woman suggest the man do?A. Order a taxi.B. Take a different train.C. Reschedule the interview.5. How many times did the woman call the man?A. Five.B. Four.C. Three.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6. What is the main idea of the conversation?A. Recalling a meeting.B. Discussing a show.C. Mistaking identity.7. How does the man know of the woman?A. From TV.B. From a party.C. From school.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
江苏省扬州中学2023-2024学年高三上学期10月月考 英语答案
高三月考试卷答案第一部分：听力1-5 ACBCA 6-10 CABAC 11-15 CBACC 16-20 BACBC第二部分阅读第一节阅读选择21-23 ADC 24-27ADBA 28-31 BDCA 32-35 CCAC第二节七选五36-40 GCADF第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空41-45 BACBD 46-50 CADDB 51-55 ADCCD第二节语法填空56. a 57. earning 58. was launched 59. whom 60. without 61. earlier 62. city’s 63. focused 64. if 65. inconvenience第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节Honorable teachers, good morning.I’m Li Hua. I feel greatly honored to talk about myself here.I have always wanted to be a person useful to our nation and society. It’s because I have grown up to be healthy and happy due to my family’s great care and love as well as devotion. All these account for why I choose Zhenhua University, where I can major in Environmental Engineering. Another reason is my constant concern about the environmental protection and the improvement of people’s living conditions.If I am lucky enough to be admitted, I will give my best in what I set out to do, however difficult that might be.第二节A little girl noticed her worried expression and asked, “Do you have any worries?” Jessie looked into the innocent eyes staring up at her, filled with concern. It was a reminder of why she had been visiting this kindergarten every holiday season for years, despite the challenges she faced. Taking a deep breath, she begansharing her worries about leaving for a far- away country to pursue her studies. As she spoke, the other children gathered around, their attention captured by the conversation before them.To her surprise, the children listened attentively. Then, one by one, they started expressing their gratitude for everything she had done for them over the years. They spoke of the impact her visits had made on their lives, how her small gestures of kindness had brought them joy and hope during difficult times. The children assured Jessie that they understood her decision and would support her dreams, just as she had supported them. In that moment, Jessie realized the influence she had on these young souls, and her worries began to disappear, replaced by a sense of reassurance and love.。
江苏省扬州中学2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考试题英语
江苏省扬州中学2023~2024学年高二第一学期检测英语试卷 2024.10（考试时间：120分钟满分：150分）第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who is the man probably talking to?A. A shop assistant.B. His wife.C. His coworker.2. What are the speakers mainly discussing?A. The woman's photo.B. A scenic spot.C. A TV drama.3. What does the man mean?A. Emerce is a doubleedged sword.B. Local specialties should be exported.C. mercials are of no use.4. What will the man do next?A. Close a window.B. Catch a mouse.C. Leave the room.5. When does the conversation take place?A. On Friday.B. On Saturday.C. On Sunday.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
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江苏省扬州中学2023-2024学年高一上学期10月月考英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解It’s time to play your part!Our Connect Recover Thrive campaign will help to care for the National Park for the future. If you love the Peak District and want to give something back, please sign up today to give a small amount each month. It’s not all about the money, we also need your time and expertise-could you commit today to giving a few hours a month to help us raise funds and support for the Peak District National Park?Thank you for your support, there is so much more to do, and we need your help to do it.Give a monthly donationOne of the easiest ways for you to help us to care for the Peak District Nation Park is to give a regular donation. Don’t forget that if you are a UK taxpayer you can add gift aid and the government will add 25% to your donation at no cost to you.Take on a fundraising challengeWe’re looking for fundraising heroes to take on exciting challenges to raise money to care for the Peak District National Park. Could you do a sponsored walk, run, cycle, swim? Could you host an event in your community, could you break a world record?Remember the Peak District after you’ve goneDo you love the Peak District National Park and want to see it cared for after you’ve gone? Leaving a gift in your will is a really special way to help us to look after the Peak District National Park for future generations.Support the Access FundThe Access Fund is a restricted fund which helps our partners at the Peak District National Park Authority to add new access points, restore paths, enhance the accessibility of paths, replace gates, all to improve accessibility to access land. If you would like to help look after the National Park please consider a donation to the Access End here.1．What will people do in the Connect Recover Thrive campaign?A．Appreciate scenery around the park.B．Give support in caring for the parkC．Solve technical problems of the park.D．Encourage tax payers to volunteer.2．How can you become a fundraising hero?A．By giving a monthly donation.B．By leaving a gift in your will.C．By joining in a competitive sport.D．By adding gift aid to your donation.3．What is the Access Fund aimed-at?A．Land reservation.B．Accessibility restriction.C．Accessibility improvement.D．Paths replacement.As an intense heat wave sweeps through China, residents are seeking relief in air raid shelters and swimming pools to stay cool, and dozens of cities, including Shanghai, Chongqing and Hangzhou, have issued their highest-level red alert warnings. Shanghai has issued three red alerts this year, with the temperature hitting 40.9 Celsius on July 13, matching the record set in 2017 since 1873. The fact that Shanghai has experienced only 16 days of 40°C-plus temperatures since the city began keeping records in 1873 should give us an idea about the seriousness of the situation.Medical experts say extreme heat could cause nausea (恶心), fatigue, sunstroke and even death, with senior citizens and people with long-term illnesses particularly vulnerable to heat waves.Extreme heat events, which began a month ago, have affected the lives of more than 900 million people in China. Between June 1 and July 12, the average number of days with temperatures above 35°Cwas 5.3, up 2.4 days over normal years, breaking the national record set in 1961, according to the National Climate Center.Parts of Europe are also in the grip of heat waves and experiencing extreme weather events after the western part of North America faced extreme heat waves last year. In response to the exceptionally high temperatures, the United Kingdom has declared a national emergency and issued the highest-level red alert warning for Monday and Tuesday for the first time. More alarmingly, the average global temperature in June this year was 0.4°C higherthan normal years and the highest since 1979, with temperatures in countries such as Spain, France and Italy exceeding 40°C．Unfortunately, extreme heat, which is directly related to climate change, will become more frequent and intense in the next 30 years, setting new records for high temperatures. As global warming intensifies, losses and devastation will increase, forcing natural and human systems to raise their adaptation limits.4．What can we know about the heat waves this year?A．It may cause more harm to the old and people with long-term illnesses.B．The number of days above 35°Cin June breaks the national record.C．Shanghai has experienced a higher temperature than that in 2017.D．The whole Europe as well as America are suffering from the heat waves.5．How does the author develop the text?A．By analyzing and concluding.B．By explaining and contrasting.C．By giving examples and quoting.D．By giving figures and comparing. 6．According to the writer, what is the trend of extreme heat?A．Becoming more serious.B．Remaining stable.C．Staying unpredictable.D．Getting controllable.7．What is the text mainly about?A．The solutions to the climate change.B．The economic losses from heat waves.C．The increase of severe heat waves.D．The destructive effect of global warming.Every year thousands of people come to the city of Pamplona, in north-eastern Spain, for the opportunity to run for their lives as six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town. There are injuries and deaths every year, but the event is of interest to many people. A paper just published in Science describes the insight the event offers into the psychology of panicked crowds.That is a useful topic to explore. Arehitects, civil engineers and urban planners must try to work out how people will behave in the event of a disaster like a fire, a flood or a terrorist attack so they can design their creations to avoid potentially deadly collisions (碰撞). Unfortunately, solid information is hard to come by. Daniel Parisi, the paper’s lead author, realised that the Pamplona bull-runs offered the perfect natural experiment.Dr Parisi and his team went to two different rooftop locations in Pamplona in July 2019,and filmed the runners as the animals were released, Later in the lab, they calculated the speed of the runners, the density (密度) of the crowd, the probability of a runner tripping and falling and the relationship between runner-group density and speed.Perhaps unsurprisingly, the researchers found that runners picked up speed when the bulls drew near. Less expected was the finding that the speed of individual runners increased with the density of the crowd, which was contrary to a long-held assumption in architectural and urban-design circles that people will slow their pace as group density goes up, in order to lower the risk of a collision, which could lead to a fall and, perhaps, injury or death.Yet it seems that, in the heat of the moment, people pay little attention to the danger of colliding with each other, and do not slow down. The responsibility therefore falls upon urban designers to work out how best to plan the construction of future tunnels, bridges and other passages that restrict flow. The only option may well be to make them wider.8．What did Dr Parisi and his team do in Pamplona?A．They proved his theory.B．They recorded a bull-run.C．They watched a thrilling bull-fight.D．They designed a psychological experiment.9．What was the unexpected finding in the study?A．People slowed down in crowded areas.B．Tripping posed a danger to bull-runners.C．Bulls coming near made people running faster.D．People tended to speed up in high-density crowds.10．What is implied in the last paragraph?A．People lose their mind in disasters.B．Future tunnels and bridges may be wider.C．Panicked crowds are aware of the danger of collision.D．Restricting flow helps to prevent people colliding each other.11．Which is the best title for the text?A．How crowds react to panicB．Bull-runs caught on in SpainC．Dr Parisi’s finding shocks the worldD．What architects can learn from bull-running“There is one and only one social responsibility of business,” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist, “that is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedman’s statement and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’ money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are charged with corruption (腐败).The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse (分散的) “halo effect” its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble distinguishing these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions (起诉) under American’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study finds that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tend to get more lenient punishments. Their analysis rules out the possibility that it is the firm’s political influence, rather than its CSR stance, that accounts for the leniency: Companies that contribute more to political campaigns do not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labor-rights concern, such as child labor, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials.” says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are relying on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.12．The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with___________.A．uncertainty B．interest C．approval D．tolerance 13．According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by___________.A．guarding it against malpractices B．protecting it from consumersC．winning trust from consumers D．raising the quality of its productsto___________.A．less debatable B．more lasting C．more effective D．less severe 15．When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company’s CSR record___________.A．comes across as reliable evidence B．has an impact on their decisionC．is considered part of the investigation D．increases the chance of being punished 二、七选五a completely new environment is waiting to be explored.We recently drove our daughter Evie 150 miles to start life as a fresher. It was a struggle to find the car park, let alone explore the huge campus. Although we knew she had flatmates and phone apps to get her to fit in, the challenge ahead was clear—to find her way in an unfamiliar world. 17In a recent study, volunteers walked around a virtual forest environment. Then some of them took the same walk again, while others explored a different forest. 18 According to the researchers, that was because exploring the new environment stimulated their dopamine (多巴胺) system—setting up their brains for memorizing things. Thus, they scored higher.So leaving home to study makes perfect sense. 19 But we may all be able to gain some of the benefits, even if it’s just by stimulating our senses and challenging our thinking skills. Here are three things to try:◆ Go somewhere new to tackle an upcoming learning task—like memorizing a speech in the library, or revising for an exam in a park—and take an unfamiliar route to get there.◆ 20 To warm yourself up for learning, picture a city you know well, but imagine you’re tapped in a part of it that you’ve never visited. Then try to visualize exactlyhow you’ll get out.◆ Play video games that get you moving through new landscapes. Then see whether it improves your success with other learning tasks, like practising a dance or mastering phrases for a foreign trip.A．Get lost in your imagination.B．Prepare yourself for a city tour.C．But exploring places as such is beneficial to memory.D．People prove to be more adaptable after new experience.E．The latter group performed better in memory tests straight after.F．There are new friends to meet and new responsibilities to accept.G．Young minds seem to gain most from being in strange surroundings.三、完形填空It was a cold, rainy day, and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to myspeak.“She changed the world,” I finally said, “one small plant at a time. She started almost 40 years ago, probably just the 33 of an idea, but she kept at it.”The wonder of it would not let me go. “Imagine,” I said, “if I’d had a dream and 34 it, just a little bit every day, what might I have accomplished?” Carolyn looked at me sideways, smiling. “Start tomorrow,” she said, “ 35 yet, start today.”21．A．asked B．commanded C．insisted D．predicted 22．A．unwillingly B．undoubtedly C．unknowingly D．unexpectedly 23．A．walked B．inched C．wandered D．fled 24．A．pulled over B．stepped down C．looked up D．turned off 25．A．greeted B．flowed C．reached D．towered 26．A．admit B．fill C．control D．read 27．A．amazement B．curiosity C．amusement D．confusion 28．A．pushed B．moved C．swung D．bathed 29．A．Doubts B．Ideas C．Questions D．Requests 30．A．signal B．symbol C．symptom D．sign 31．A．Each B．Some C．One D．That 32．A．surely B．barely C．mostly D．instantly 33．A．beginning B．intention C．ending D．absence 34．A．set off B．worked out C．set down D．worked at 35．A．Later B．Better C．Happier D．Harder四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。