麦积山石窟英语导游词Maiji Caves
天水麦积山英语导游词
天水麦积山英语导游词Maiji Mountain GrottoesDear my friends:Welcome to Tianshui!The climate of Tianshui is suitable for the survival of mankind. That m akes it become a cradle of the Chinesenation. As we know, Fuxi and Nuwa who are the Chinese ancestors li ved here. They created the early period ofChinese culture. For the suitable climate, there are many wonderful at tractions. This time we will go to MaijiMountain, and visit Maiji Mountain Grottoes.Maiji Mountain is located 50 km far from Tianshui just to the south of Maiji Village. It is only 142 meters above theground, but the altitude of about 2,000 meters above the sea level. It i s a single and distinct peak of the xiaolongMountain of Western Qinling Range. Since it looks like a huge wheat straw pile from afar, it is called Maiji Mountain (the Wheat Straw Pile Mountain). The flouring various plants with clouds wrapping them in a blanket of mist create one of nature’s most majestic sights. In the late of the Western Hang Dynasty, it became the palace of Kui Xiao (隗嚣) who is a famous general of Tianshui. The Maiji Mountain Scenic A rea was listed as a famous resort under thestate protection by the State Council in 1982. And Maiji Mountain Grot toes are the most important area of it, whichrank the second in the four well-known grottoes in Gansu Province. ( The four well-known grottoes are MogaoGrottoes, Maiji Mountain Grottoes, Bingling Temple Grottoes and Mati Temple Grottoes.)The grottoes of Maiji Mountain are caved in the cliffs, which are in row s 20 to 30 meters or 70 to 80 meters abovethe foot of mountain. That makes them look like a huge honeycomb in the distance. The wide of those grottoeswhich are linked by some dangerous ways is from 3 meters to about 1 meter.Maiji Mountain Grottoes were first dug in the Qin Dynasty of the Sixte en States Period (about 384 to 417 AD). Andthe grottoes were cut and repaired in the successive dynasties of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Western WeiDynasty, the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dyna sty, the Five Dynasties, the Song Dynasty,the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. An earthq uake which occurred in Tianshui during theTang Dynasty (734 AD) resulted in collapse of the cliff, and the grottoe s were subsequently divided into towsections: the Eastern and the Western with 54 and 140 grottoes respe ctively, which were called the EasternPavilion and the Western Pavilion during the Five Dynasties.In the Eastern, there is the Thousands of Buddhism Corridor, the Thro wing Flowers Building, the Upper Seven-Buddhism Pavilion, and the Middle Seven-Buddhism Pavilion, and so on. In the Western, there ar e 3 grottoeswhich are the most famous. In them, the biggest is the Thousands of Buddhism Pavilion, the second is theHeavenly Cave, and the smallest is the Cave NO.127, which were all cut in 6 AD.There is a legend associated with the Throwing Flowers Building. It is said that Sakyamuni appeared here topreach. During the first time, there were tens of thousands of disciples in the valley which was under theThrowing Flowers Building. In order to know whether all of them unde rstand the Buddhist thoughts and tenets,the 28 flying aspara threw different kinds of petals to them. If the disci ples understood, the petals would not fall,but fall; if not, the petals would fall. It was surprised that all of the petal s rose. Now you can throw some piecesof paper, you will find the pieces rise. Do you know why? Because the re is an air current which can make somelight things rise.Though Maiji Mountain Grottoes are suffered many earthquakes and f ires, now there are 194 grottoes, more than7,200 statues and over 1,300 square meters murals. As the stone ofMaiji Mountain is unfit for caving, moststatues are clay sculptures, but they are quite exquisite. The sculpture s are mainly images of Buddha and hisdisciples, Bodhisattvas, the Heavenly Kings and Vajras. It is surprised that the sculptures have been preservedwell, even though the climate is wet in Maiji Mountain.Like the earliest sculpture of Mogao Grottoes, the grottoes of Maiji Mo untain were obviously influenced by theIndian style in 30 caves during the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Wester n Wei Dynasty and the Northern ZhouDynasty. By the time of the Song Dynasty, the style was changed gre atly due to mixing the Indian culture and theCentral Chinese culture. The sculptures wear diverse countenance lo oking vivid. And the dress of them is soft andnatural. In the late period, the style was continuously improved on the basis of the Chinese current culture. Sothe sculptures are more vivid than before and full of the interest of wor ldly life. However, since the NorthernWei Dynasty, almost the sculptures bowed their heads, as if they were looking this world. They are the gods, butthey look like the human beings.The grottoes of Maiji Mountain are of high values for the study on polit ic, economy and culture in ancient China,even though they are the Buddhist arts. The grottoes embody the Chi nese national tradition and consciousness,and also have the characteristic of making the form show the spirit. E specially the sculptures of the Sui and TangDynasty are full and rounded, and in the Song Dynasty, they are thin, delicate and pretty. Maiji Mountain Grottoesreflect the evolution of the clay sculptures art in China. They are referr ed to as “the treasure houses of orientalsculptures”.。
介绍麦积山的英语作文
介绍麦积山的英语作文Mount Maiji, a Captivating Destination in the Heart of ChinaNestled in the picturesque Gansu Province of China, Mount Maiji, also known as Maijishan, stands as a remarkable natural and cultural wonder. This stunning mountain, with its towering cliffs and intricate cave temples, has captivated the hearts of visitors from around the world, offering a unique blend of breathtaking scenery and rich historical significance.Ascending the winding paths that lead to the summit of Mount Maiji, one is immediately struck by the sheer grandeur of the landscape. The mountain's distinctive rock formations, carved by the elements over centuries, rise majestically into the sky, creating a dramatic and awe-inspiring backdrop. As you climb higher, the views become increasingly breathtaking, with panoramic vistas of the surrounding valleys and distant peaks.At the heart of Mount Maiji lies its most renowned feature – the Maijishan Grottoes. These intricate cave temples, carved into the mountainside, are a testament to the region's rich cultural heritage and the devotion of generations of Buddhist practitioners. Thegrottoes, which date back to the 4th century CE, are home to thousands of exquisite statues and murals, each one a masterpieceof ancient craftsmanship.As you wander through the winding passages of the Maijishan Grottoes, you can't help but be transported back in time. The dimlylit interiors, adorned with intricate carvings and vibrant paintings, evoke a sense of reverence and wonder. The sheer scale of the project, with over 7,000 statues and 1,000 murals, is truly breathtaking, and it's easy to imagine the immense effort and dedication that went into their creation.One of the most captivating aspects of the Maijishan Grottoes is the diversity of the sculptures and murals. From towering Buddha statues to delicate bodhisattva figures, the artworks within the grottoes showcase the evolution of Buddhist iconography and the skill of the ancient artisans. The murals, too, are a feast for the eyes, depicting scenes from Buddhist scriptures, as well as everyday life in the region.Beyond the Maijishan Grottoes, Mount Maiji offers a wealth of other attractions that captivate visitors. The mountain's numerous hiking trails, winding through lush forests and past serene streams, provide ample opportunities for outdoor enthusiasts to immerse themselves in the natural beauty of the region. Along the way, one can stumble upon ancient temples, hidden shrines, and even the remnants ofancient fortifications, each offering a tantalizing glimpse into the mountain's rich history.One of the most remarkable aspects of Mount Maiji is its ability to seamlessly blend the natural and the cultural. The mountain's stunning landscapes, with their towering cliffs and verdant forests, serve as a breathtaking backdrop for the ancient Buddhist heritage that is so deeply woven into the fabric of the region. This harmonious coexistence of natural and cultural elements is what makes Mount Maiji such a truly unique and captivating destination.For those seeking a deeper understanding of China's cultural traditions, a visit to Mount Maiji is an absolute must. The mountain's rich history, coupled with its breathtaking natural beauty, offers a truly immersive experience that leaves a lasting impression on all who visit. Whether you're a history buff, a nature lover, or simply someone in search of a truly unforgettable adventure, Mount Maiji is a destination that will capture your heart and leave you with memories that will last a lifetime.。
天水麦积山英语导游词
Though Maiji Mountain Grottoes are suffered many earthquakes aБайду номын сангаасd fires, now there are 194 grottoes, more than
7,200 statues and over 1,300 square meters murals. As the stone of Maiji Mountain is unfit for caving, most
but fall; if not, the petals would fall. It was surprised that all of the petals rose. Now you can throw some pieces
of paper, you will find the pieces rise. Do you know why? Because there is an air current which can make some
Dynasty, the Northern Zhou Dynasty, the Sui Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties, the Song Dynasty,
the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. An earthquake which occurred in Tianshui during the
Maiji Mountain Grottoes were first dug in the Qin Dynasty of the Sixteen States Period (about 384 to 417 AD). And
天水麦积山石窟英语导游词
天水麦积山石窟英语导游词天水麦积山石窟是麦积山风景名胜区重要景点，是国家5A级旅游景区，是中国四大石窟之一，被誉为“东方雕塑馆”。
接下来是小编为大家整理的关于天水麦积山石窟英语导游词，方便大家阅读与鉴赏!天水麦积山石窟英语导游词1Facing the autumn wind, stepping on the grass. Our whole family went to Tianshui for a tour. In this trip to Tianshui, the most impressive tourist attraction is the famous "Maiji Mountain Grottoes".After more than four hours' journey, we arrived at Tianshui city. After staying in the hotel and having lunch, we rushed to the first tourist destination, Maijishan grottoes."It's a coincidence that it was sunny just now, but now it's drizzling. Oh, how to play when it rains! "I murmured. "You're wrong," my father said. "Maiji misty rain is a wonderful sight in Maiji Mountain, which I can't touch." after hearing this, my eyes lit up and I was looking forward to seeing it earlier.At the foot of Maiji Mountain, fresh air came. From a distance, the mountain looks like a farmer's wheat pile. The fog formed by rain surrounds the top of the mountain. The hazy scene brings a mysterious atmosphere, just like a fairyland.With the fresh air and the smell of grass, we walked to the Maijishan grottoes.According to the guide, Maijishan grottoes were first excavated in the late Qin Dynasty of the Sixteen Kingdoms. After more than ten dynasties, they were excavated and rebuilt. It has a history of about 1600 years. It is one of the four largest Grottoes in China. There are 194 caves with more than 7200 statues of different sizes. They are divided into three categories: claysculpture, stone sculpture and stone stele. Clay sculpture is the main one, and it is known as "Oriental Sculpture Exhibition Hall". Deep national tradition, distinct secularization and strong interest in life are the prominent features of Maijishan grottoes.Listening to the guide's explanation, we reached the top of the mountain unconsciously. Looking at lifelike statues, I seem to see our ancestors on this steep mountain, using their wisdom to create this magical statue. Some of them are carving, some are coloring, some are fixing In short, they are industrious everywhere.Among so many statues, I admire two. The first is the sculpture of the "three saints of the west" on the Shandong side. The amituo Buddha in the middle is 13 meters long, majestic and has both spirit and shape. The eyes made of glass beads are bright and bright, and the folds on the clothes are meticulous. Because hair and other materials are added when mixing with mud, the Buddha statue looks smooth and delicate, just like the real one. The second is called "Oriental smile". His eyes are slightly closed, his mouth is up and his head is slightly down, showing the loveliness and implicitness of Oriental people. It's very likable.After the tour of Maiji Mountain, I feel very much that our ancestors, using their wisdom, diligence and perseverance, left such a proud cultural relic for future generations. As the descendants of the dragon, we should carry forward the industrious, simple and persistent spirit of our ancestors to make our motherland more prosperous.天水麦积山石窟英语导游词2Maiji Mountain scenic spot is located in the eastern part of the North Branch of the western Qinling Mountains, with a totalarea of 215 square kilometers, including Maiji Mountain, Xianren cliff, Shimen, Quxi four scenic spots and Jieting ancient town. Among them, Maijishan grottoes are the most famous. Maiji Mountain is a typical Danxia landform. It is named for its shape like a farmer's wheat pile. The cliff rises from the ground, 80 meters high. The mountain is steep, surrounded by green trees and a quiet environment. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Maiji Mountain had become the summer palace of famous Tianshui general kaixiao. After the Qin Dynasty (384-420__ A.D.), the construction of grottoes began. After more than 1500 years of excavation and reconstruction in the Northern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it has become one of the famous large-scale Grottoes in China.Maijishan Grottoes have 194 caves, more than 7200 clay sculptures and stone sculptures, and more than 1300 square meters of murals. They are especially good at clay sculpture art and are known as "Oriental Sculpture Art Museum". Maijishan Grottoes is one of the most beautiful caves and temples in China. It is famous for its seven Buddha Pavilion, ten thousand Buddha cave, niuertang and Jiling. The clay sculpture is vivid in form and has both spirit and form. The content of the clay sculpture has a thorough secular and strong interest in life. The technique of plastic painting is to lay emphasis on color instead of color. There is a botanical garden in Maiji Mountain scenic area.Maijishan Grottoes is one of the four famous Grottoes in China. In 1961, it was announced by the State Council as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. T ogether with xianrenya, Shimen, Quxi and Jieting hot springs, they were announced as the first batch of key scenic spots by the StateCouncil in 1982.天水麦积山石窟英语导游词3Hello, everyone! It's a pleasure to be here with friends from all over the world.first. On behalf of the travel agency, please allow me to express my heartfelt thanks and warm welcome to all of you. There is a saying that is well said: looking back hundreds of times in the past life can only lead to a brush in this life. Maybe it's a fate to get together. Since we are destined, let's get to know each other. Next to me is master Lin, the driver. He has rich driving experience and is escorted by him You can give us two hearts, one is "rest assured" to our escort ambassador, master Lin, and the other is "happy". Please give it to me. I'm your guide this time You can call me Xiao Guo, Guo Dao and Xiao Dao, whatever you like!In fact, tourism is a very happy thing. Travel doesn't have to care about its purpose. It only needs to care about the scenery along the way and the mood when seeing the scenery. So I hope the good mountains and good water in Lanzhou can bring you a good mood. So during the whole journey, if you need any help, please feel free to come to me. I will try my best to serve you. At the same time, I hope my work can be successful With your support and cooperation, I wish you have a good time in Lanzhou!I hope this trip is just like my name. I warmly welcome you to come, and then have fun, eat and enjoy In a word, I hope you have a good time. Thank youMaiji Mountain is located about 45 kilometers southeast of Tianshui City, Gansu Province. It is a strange peak in Xiaolong mountain at the western end of Qinling Mountains in China. It is only 142 meters high, but the shape of the mountain is peculiar.The isolated peak rises like a wheat pile, so people call it Maiji Mountain. To the southwest of the mountain is a precipice, on which the grottoes are cut. Some of them are 20 or 30 meters away from the base of the mountain, while others are 70 or 80 meters away. Hundreds of caves and Buddha statues excavated on such a steep cliff are rare in China's grottoes.The scenery around Maiji Mountain is beautiful. The mountains are densely covered with cypresses, pines, wild flowers and grass. Climbing to the top of the mountain, you can see green hills all around you. You can see thousands of mountains and valleys, mountains and peaks, pine trees like the sea, clouds and mist, and the distant scenery is intertwined, forming a beautiful picture. This picture is known as "Maiji misty rain" which is the first of the eight scenic spots in Tianshui. Among the famous Grottoes in China, Maiji Mountain is the best natural scenery.Maijishan Grottoes is a national key cultural relic protection unit. It was built in 384 ad. after more than ten dynasties of continuous excavation and renovation, it has become one of the famous large-scale Grottoes in China and a world-famous art treasure house. There are 194 caves, including more than 7200 clay sculptures and stone carvings from the 4th century to the 19th century, and more than 1300 square meters of murals. The Maijishan grottoes are located in an extremely dangerous position. Most of them are built on cliffs. All the grottoes are accessible by the aerial trestle road erected on the cliff surface. Visitors can't help but thrill when they climb these winding trestle roads. The ancients once praised these projects: "between the cliffs, carved stone into Buddha, thousands of niches and caves.". Broken from the human force, suspected to be a miracle. " Thereis also a saying among the people nearby that "after cutting the firewood in Nanshan Mountain, build the Maiji cliff" and "first there is ten thousand Zhang firewood, then there is Maiji cliff". It can be seen that the construction of the trestle road was arduous and grand.Maijishan Grottoes art is famous for its exquisite clay sculpture art at home and abroad. Historian Fan Wenlan once praised Maijishan as "a large exhibition hall for displaying statues". If Dunhuang is a large mural Museum, Maiji Mountain is a large sculpture museum. The statues here are more than 15 meters high and only 20 centimeters small, reflecting the characteristics of statues of different ages in the past thousand years and systematically reflecting the development and evolution of clay sculpture art in China. The clay sculptures here can be roughly divided into four types: high floating sculptures protruding from the wall, round sculptures completely away from the wall, moulded shadow sculptures and wall sculptures pasted on the wall. Among them, thousands of life size round sculptures are regarded as treasures because they are full of life interest.The statue of Maijishan has two obvious characteristics: strong national consciousness and secularization. Except for the early works, from the Northern Wei Dynasty, almost all of the Buddha statues have the posture of looking down, with amiable faces. Although they are gods in heaven, they are like secular people, becoming the embodiment of people's good wishes. From the shape and clothing of the statue, it is gradually getting rid of the influence of foreign art, reflecting the characteristics of the Han nationality.Many caves in Maiji Mountain have been built into a unique "cliff Pavilion". The seven Buddha Pavilion, 15 meters above thehead of the clay Buddha on Dongya, is a typical Han style cliff Pavilion in China. It was built on a cliff 50 meters above the ground and was excavated in the middle of the 6th century. Although Maijishan grottoes are mainly clay sculptures, there are also a certain number of stone carvings and murals. Maijishan Grottoes have been listed as a key cultural relic protection unit of the state. More than 1300 meters of elevated plank road have been newly erected and restored, so that visitors can successfully access all the grottoes. The largest statue in Maijishan Grottoes is 16 meters, and the smallest one is only more than 10 centimeters. The statue in cave 44 is called "Venus of the East" by the Japanese. The clothes of the statues in caves 78 and 128 of the Western Qin Dynasty are carefully painted. The statues on the seven Buddha Pavilion, which is more than 70 meters high, are beautiful. The frescoes on the top of the corridor are exquisite. The pictures of cars, horses and pedestrians on the top of the west end are not the same no matter from which point of view, which can be called the classic composition of frescoes in China.天水麦积山石窟英语导游词4Maijishan, located in the south of Maijishan Township, Beidao District, 50 kilometers southeast of Tianshui City, is an isolated peak in Xiaolong mountain of West Qinling Mountains. Maijishan Scenic area covers a total area of 215 square kilometers, including Maijishan, xianrenya, Shimen, Quxi and Jieting ancient town. Maijishan Grottoes is one of the four largest Grottoes in China, and the other three grottoes are: Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, Longmen Grottoes and Yungang Grottoes. Maijishan Grottoes is a national key cultural relic protection unit and a world-famous art treasure house.Maiji Mountain is a typical Danxia landform. It is named forits shape like a farmer's wheat pile. The cliff rises from the ground, 80 meters high. The mountain is steep, surrounded by green trees and a quiet environment. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Maiji Mountain had become the summer palace of famous Tianshui general kaixiao. There are more than 7200 statues and murals of more than 1300 square meters, which are distributed in 194 caves, similar to Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes and Da'an grottoes Like Yungang Grottoes and Luoyang Longmen Grottoes, they have precious art treasures. In terms of artistic features, Dunhuang focuses on gorgeous murals, Yungang and Longmen are famous for their magnificent stone carvings, while Maiji Mountain is famous for its exquisite statues. As our sculptor Liu Kaiqu praised: Maijishan is "a large sculpture museum in Chinese history."Maiji Mountain has a long history and enjoyed a high reputation as early as 1620 x years ago. In Yutang gossip written by the Five Dynasties, it is said that "Maiji Mountain people, crossing the Qingwei River in the north, gradually becoming two dangs in the south, with five hundred Li hills and hills. Maiji is in the middle of the mountain. A stone rises up and looks up to a hundred Zhang high. It looks like a group of people accumulating wheat, so it has this name.". Du Fu wrote a poem praising: "there are few remnant monks in the wild temples. The mountains are round and the roads are high. Musk sleeps carnation, parrot pecks golden peach. Stones pass through, Cliff House prison, the top heavy Pavilion night, a hundred miles to see qiuhao Maijishan grottoes were built with the smooth development of the Silk Road from the post Qin period. According to the biography of eminent monk Liang, during the Yongchu period of the Southern Song Dynasty, the eminent monk Tan hongchan lived in MaijiMountain. Soon after, the famous monk xuangao arrived, and they lived together in temples, often with more than 300 apprentices. In the Western Wei Dynasty, Yifu, the original Queen of Emperor Wen of Wei Dynasty, died here and "chiseled Maiji cliff and buried it as a niche." In the years of Baoding and Tianhe in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, Li Yunxin, the governor of Qinzhou, built seven Buddha pavilions for his dead father. He once asked Geng Xin to write a preface to the inscription of maijiya Buddha niche in Tianshui County of Qinzhou for him. In the fourth year of Renshou, Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty, the envoys of Qinzhou built a 9.4-meter-high seven level pagoda on the top of Maiji Mountain, which is said to be one of the 84000 pagodas of Asoka. So far, the pagoda is still standing on the top of the mountain, but it only has five levels and has been rebuilt in recent years.When people enter the Maiji Mountain scenic spot, the first thing they see is a group of sculptures carved on the cliff. There is a Buddha in the middle, which is 15 meters high. There are two Bodhisattvas standing in front of them, smiling and welcoming the tourists. When you walk to the front of the mountain and look up, you can see that the niches and caves are as dense as the peak rooms, and the eaves are built according to the caves. The trestle ladder is built on the cliff, and the shallow niche and deep cave are dug on the cliff. The construction is superb and magnificent, and the project is extremely dangerous and magnificent. Although tourists and poets of all ages have been greatly admired, few of them dare to climb to the top. Wang Renyu, a poet of Five Dynasties, bravely climbed the cliff before he wrote: "climb the cliff and climb the stairs, and you can be with the white clouds at leisure; the hills are small in front of the eaves, and the sun is low on the hall; the dangerous people are few onthe top Road, and the ancient rock pines and cranes frequently inhabit; in order to leave a name on the edge of the sky, you should brush the stone and ask yourself." My personal sense of life. However, after large-scale reinforcement and repair of the plank road, the crumbling cliff has been stabilized, and the plank road on the mountain is wide and tidy, safe and reliable. The dangerous scene in Wang Renyu's works has long been history. People can safely and boldly visit each cliff Pavilion, enter each cave at will, and enjoy the beautiful scenery at the foot of the mountain with unrestrained feelings.Maiji Mountain is 142 meters high. Most of the grottoes are cut in the air on 20 to 70 meters high cliffs. There are cliff pavilions, Mogao Grottoes, cliff niches, mountain buildings and corridors. The caves are shaped like herringbone roof, square collapse roof, arched lintel, dome, square lintel flat roof, square lintel covered caisson, square flat roof, small circular niche and Yu top. These different types of cave niches and cliff pavilions are the material materials for studying the cultural exchange between China and the West and the evolution and development of architectural structure. According to records, when the grottoes were excavated in those years, timber was piled up from the bottom to the top, and then construction was carried out. One layer was built, and the other layer was demolished until the foot of the mountain. According to legend, when Li Yunxin built the seven Buddha Pavilion for his dead father, he used 400000 people. Until now, there are still local ballads: "after cutting Nanshan firewood, build Maiji cliff", "first there is wanzhang firewood, then there is Maiji cliff". Even the first American tourists praised the Maijishan Grottoes as "one of the seven major projects in the world" in the 1947 peace daily.Maijishan Grottoes used to be a complete mountain. In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan of Tang Dynasty, a strong earthquake occurred in Tianshui area, which destroyed the middle part of the cliff. The whole grottoes were divided into two parts: East Cliff and West Cliff. There are 54 caves in Dongya and 140 caves in Xiya. Because Maijishan stone is purple brown hydrous parent rock, it is not suitable for fine carving, so most of them use clay sculpture and painting. The main themes of Maijishan statues are Buddha, Bodhisattva, disciple, king of heaven, and strongman. Although the statues of different generations are in the same hall, they do not follow and imitate, but maintain their own characteristics of the times, and systematically reflect the development and evolution of clay sculpture art in China. Whether it's a giant statue as high as 15 meters or a small statue as small as 0.3 meters, it gives people a sense of beauty. After visiting the Maijishan statue, Soviet sculptor Ni klinduhov said excitedly: "the sculptures of the Northern Wei Dynasty and Song Dynasty are the most fascinating to me. They have amazing inner world, expressive composition and majestic shape. "There are thousands of Maijishan statues. Here, only a few representative masterpieces can be pointed out, which play the role of "seeing a spot and knowing the whole leopard". The most magnificent statue on Dongya is the seven Buddha Pavilion in Cave 4. There are 42 statues of Bodhisattvas in the seven niches. They are dignified, amiable, gorgeous, and full of human kindness, kindness, and secular feelings. All the niches are decorated with floating sculptures of the eight divisions of the Heavenly Dragon. Their faces are hideous but not ugly. They show men's body-building, dignity, integrity, bravery and perseverance. Cave 5, next to the upper seven Buddha Pavilion,is called Niuer hall. In front of the door of the middle niche, there is a Buddha standing on a lying calf. This ox is very moving: round eyes, looking at the preface playfully, feet curling, but it seems to jump up, and the skin hanging from the loose neck, also seems to be moving. Not only does the body shape and posture have the characteristics of a cow, but the most outstanding thing is to show the childishness and liveliness of a calf, which is very popular among local farmers, and is called "niuwa with golden hooves and silver horns". At the west end of niuertang, there is a 10 meter long tunnel which can accommodate one person. On the top of the tunnel, there are four words: "little cave". It is said that on the eighth day of the fourth month of the Ming Dynasty, a state official in Qinzhou visited Maiji Mountain Temple Fair. On the spur of the moment, he wanted to wander from the ferry chain of the seven Buddha Pavilion to Niuer hall with the posture of turning over with a kite. But when he stood firmly in Niuer hall and looked down, he saw that the cliff was steep and the people in the valley were like ants. Suddenly, he felt dizzy, his legs were soft and trembling, and he did not dare to step any more. The Yamen servants had to invite a group of stonemasons to dig a small hole. Only then did the state official climb over from the hole. Up to now, there is still a saying that "the kite turns over and the cow hall" in the local area.Among the caves in Xiya, caves 133 and 127 are the largest. No.133 stele cave is the most special cave in Maiji Mountain. In the cave, there are not only many clay sculptures, but also 18 stone tablets, some of which are covered with thousands of Buddha statues, so they are also called "ten thousand Buddha Hall". Among them, No. 10, No. 11 and No. 16 are the essence of numerous tablets. Cave 127 is even more splendid. Most of themurals on the four walls and caisson are preserved. The style of the later Wei Dynasty is elegant and vertical. Draw a picture of Buddha's sayings in Chinese, and listen to it by thousands of riders. There are 12 tigers in Western painting, which have different shapes and can be called excellent. In particular, a stone Buddha in the niche is the most wonderful. In the back light of the stone Buddha, there are 12 instruments playing in the upper part. There are eight flying Apsaras in the lower part. There are two waiters on the left and right, small but with different manners. In the scroll lotus, there is also a small Buddha head. Sitting in the middle of the Buddha, raising the palm to sit, showing the kindness and joy of the saying. This statue, not to mention in Maiji Mountain, is a rare treasure in the world Buddhist art.There are also several attractive scenic spots around Maiji Mountain. For example, the Diao Chao Valley under the three fan cliff of the back cliff of Maiji Mountain is a refuge palace in Tianshui at the end of the Western Han Dynasty. At that time, the summer palace was dotted with pavilions and pavilions, connected with winding corridors, green glazed tiles, red walls and golden dragons, three eaves and four clusters of carved phoenixes, flower shadows, green bamboo dancing, silver pearls splashing. With the passage of time, the resplendent Summer Palace has long been extinct. Only the waterfall, ancient cypress and pine, rocks and strange rocks, flowers and herbs, rare birds and animals about 40 meters high under the three cliffs still exist, making up a charming natural landscape.In 1982, Maiji Mountain, in the name of Maiji Mountain scenic spot in Gansu Province, was approved by the State Council as one of the first batch of national scenic spots.Grotto cultureMaijishan Grottoes retain a large number of religious, artistic and architectural materials, which enrich the ancient Chinese cultural history.1、 ReligionIt mainly reflects three Buddhas, seven Buddhas, Western Pure Land and so on. It is an important form of Buddhist literature to reflect the story of Buddha's birth and biography from frescoes and carved stone tablets, such as? Tzu's birth, Prince sakuna's sacrifice to feed the tiger, Nirvana and so on. Through the sculpture of Buddha, Bodhisattva and flying Apsaras, it reflects the spiritual enlightenment of Buddhism to the real world.2、 ArtIt truly reflects the artists' infinite yearning and aesthetic orientation for a better life at that time. The statues of the Northern Wei Dynasty are beautiful and handsome, with a wise smile, implying contempt for the reality of terror, oblivion of the honor and disgrace of life and detachment from the secular world; the statues of the Western Wei Dynasty and the Northern Zhou Dynasty are gentle and honest, indulging in the pursuit of real life and yearning for the Buddhist world; the statues of the Sui and Tang Dynasties are abundantIt is full of delicacy; the clothing patterns of the statues in the Song Dynasty are realistic and solemn. Maijishan art is good at clay sculpture. The artists abandoned the previous meticulous details, and raised the appeal to the height of commanding everything, with a moving look and a rich flavor of life. From the statues of different times in Maiji Mountain, we can see that the artists at that time broke through the Buddhist rules and regulations, and created religious figures with rich flavor of life, such as Buddha, Bodhisattva, disciple, and supporter, by takingreal life figures as the main material and exaggerating, imagining, summarizing and refining the art. The Buddhists whispering in cave 121 and the virgins and virgins in cave 123 show not the piety of the ascetics, but the childish sincerity and pleasure under the influence of the ideological trend of the times. Therefore, influenced by the local social environment, Maijishan statues show the local people and feelings, make the Buddhist statues seem to be familiar in life, and make people feel the amiability and loveliness of the Buddhist world, so as to be faithful.Maijishan Grottoes used to be "with niches are all Buddhas, no walls do not fly", but because of the rainy and humid, most of the murals peeled off, but still retain the Western Pure Land Change, Nirvana change, hell change and Bensheng stories of the Northern Dynasty, such as? Tzu Bensheng, sajina Prince sacrificing his life to feed the tiger, and so on. The cities, temples, cars and clothes depicted in the murals have the characteristics of Han culture, reflecting the reality of this period life. Feitian, in particular, is more colorful and distinctive, with clay sculpture, sculpture, painting and thin meat sculpture. Although the hometown of Feitian is in India, the Feitian in Maiji Mountain is the artistic crystallization of Chinese and foreign cultures, and is the fusion of Indian Buddhist heaven and Chinese Taoist immortals. She has no wings and no feathers. She is a beautiful girl flying in the air with the help of clouds instead of clouds. She is the most talented masterpiece of ancient Chinese artists. At the same time, dance and musical instruments are also reflected in murals and sculptures, which provides valuable information for the study of ancient Chinese music.3、 Architectural artMaijishan grottoes are built on the precipice. The grottoesare as dense as beehives, and the trestle road is as high as flying in the air. They are stacked layer upon layer. Their precipitousness is rare in the world, forming a magnificent three-dimensional architectural complex. Its wooden hall style stone cliff Pavilion is unique and magnificent. Most of the caves are of Buddhist temple style without central pillar, with obvious local characteristics.Maijishan Grottoes in the most magnificent, the most magnificent building is the fourth cave on the seven niches, also known as the "sanhualou", located above the Dongya Buddha, about 80 meters above the ground, for seven eight column veranda structure, about 9 meters high, 30 meters wide, eight meters deep, divided into two parts of the front gallery and back room. The column is a big column with eight edges, covered with lotus petal shaped column base, and all the building components are exquisitely carved, which reflects the maturity of the construction technology in the Northern Zhou Dynasty. The back room is made up of seven four corner bunchy tent shaped niches. The curtain is overlapped layer by layer. The columns, beams and other building components in the niches are shown in relief. Therefore, the fourth cave of Maiji Mountain is the largest cave in China, which imitates the traditional Chinese architecture. It is an important material to study the wooden architecture of the Northern Dynasties. It truly shows the external and internal features of the Buddhist hall which has been sinicized in the late Northern and Southern Dynasties. It is of great significance in the development history of the grottoes. Cave 121:position:The upper west end of Xiya.Time:。
介绍麦积山石窟英语作文
介绍麦积山石窟英语作文Introduction to the Maijishan GrottoesThe Maijishan Grottoes, also known as the Maiji Mountain Caves, are a remarkable site located in the Tianshui region of Gansu Province, China. These grottoes are one of the four major Buddhist grotto complexes in China, alongside the Dunhuang Mogao Caves, the Yungang Grottoes, and the Longmen Grottoes. With a history spanning over 1,500 years, they are a stunning testament to the religious art and culture of ancient China.#### Historical BackgroundThe Maijishan Grottoes were originally carved between the late 4th century and the early 6th century during the Northern Wei Dynasty, although some caves may date back even further. The site is believed to have been a thriving center for Buddhism, attracting monks, artists, and believers from various regions. The grottoes were not only a place for worship but alsoserved as a hub for cultural exchanges, which significantly influenced the development of Buddhist art in China.#### Architectural FeaturesThe Maijishan Grottoes comprise 194 caves, housing more than 7,200 statues and thousands of square meters of murals. The sculptures and wall paintings exhibit a variety of artistic styles that reflect the evolution of Buddhist art over the centuries. Many of the statues depict iconic figures such as the Sakyamuni Buddha and bodhisattvas, adorned with intricate details that showcase the artists' exceptional skills.The grottoes are unique due to their location on the hillside of the Maiji Mountain, which gives them an impressive and dramatic appearance. The combination of natural landscapes and man-made structures creates a stunning visual contrast that captivates visitors.#### Cultural SignificanceThe Maijishan Grottoes hold immense cultural significance, not only as a religious site but also as a historical archive. The murals and sculptures provide valuable insights into the social, political, and cultural dynamics of the time. They reflect the influence of different dynasties and regions on Buddhist art, showcasing the integration of various artistic elements.In 1961, the Maijishan Grottoes were designated as a National Key Cultural Relic Protection Unit, and in 2001, they were included in the World Heritage Tentative List. These recognitions highlight thesite's importance in preserving China's rich cultural heritage.#### ConclusionThe Maijishan Grottoes are a breathtaking example of ancient Buddhist art and architecture. Their historical significance, unique artistic features, andserene natural surroundings make them a must-visit destination for anyone interested in history, culture, and religion. As we explore the grottoes, we are reminded of the enduring legacy of Buddhism in China and the artistic achievements of our ancestors.。
介绍天水麦积山石窟英语作文150字
Title: The Magnificent Maijishan Grottoes ofTianshuiNestled in the雄伟的麦积山 of Tianshui, Gansu Province, China, lie the stunning Maijishan Grottoes, a testament to the rich cultural heritage of the region. These grottoes, carved into the cliffside over a period of sixteen centuries, are a remarkable display of Buddhist art and architecture. With over 194 caves containing thousands of figures and murals, each tells a story of faith, devotion, and artistic excellence.The earliest grottoes date back to the later part ofthe 16th century BC, making them one of the oldest and most significant religious sites in China. The figures, ranging from life-sized to minute, are meticulously carved, exhibiting a range of emotions and expressions. The murals, depicting scenes from Buddhist scriptures and legends, are vivid and colorful, displaying the artist's profound understanding of human psychology and the natural world.The Maijishan Grottoes are not just a religious shrine but also a repository of historical and cultural knowledge. They provide insights into the lifestyle, beliefs, andartistic preferences of the people who inhabited thisregion over the centuries.Visiting the Maijishan Grottoes is an unforgettable experience. Standing before these ancient carvings, one can almost hear the echoes of history and feel the spiritual connection that has existed here for millennia. The Maijishan Grottoes are a must-visit for anyone interestedin Chinese history, art, and religion.**天水麦积山石窟：历史的瑰宝**在甘肃省天水市的雄伟麦积山中，隐藏着令人叹为观止的麦积山石窟。
天水麦积山石窟英语导游词（精选4篇）
天水麦积山石窟英语导游词（精选4篇）天水麦积山石窟英语篇1Maiji Mountain scenic spot is located in the eastern part of the NorthBranch of the western Qinling Mountains, with a total area of 215 squarekilometers, including Maiji Mountain, Xianren cliff, Shimen, Quxi four scenicspots and Jieting ancient town. Among them, Maijishan grottoes are the mostfamous. Maiji Mountain is a typical Danxia landform. It is named for its shapelike a farmer's wheat pile. The cliff rises from the ground, 80 meters high. Themountain is steep, surrounded by green trees and a quiet environment. At the endof the Western Han Dynasty, Maiji Mountain had become the summer palace offamous Tianshui general kaixiao. After the Qin Dynasty (384-420__ A.D.), theconstruction of grottoes began. After more than 1500 years of excavation andreconstruction in the Northern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui, Tang, FiveDynasties, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it has become one of the famouslarge-scale Grottoes in China.Maijishan Grottoes have 194 caves, more than 7200 clay sculptures and stonesculptures, and more than 1300 square meters of murals. They are especially goodat clay sculpture art and are known as "Oriental Sculpture Art Museum".Maijishan Grottoes is one of the most beautiful caves and temples in China. Itis famous for its seven Buddha Pavilion, ten thousand Buddha cave, niuertang andJiling. The clay sculpture is vivid in form and has both spirit and form. Thecontent of the clay sculpture has a thorough secular and strong interest inlife. The technique of plastic painting is to lay emphasis on color instead ofcolor. There is a botanical garden in Maiji Mountain scenic area.Maijishan Grottoes is one of the four famous Grottoes in China. In 1961, itwas announced by the State Council as the first batch of national key culturalrelics protection units. Together with xianrenya, Shimen, Quxi and Jieting hotsprings, they were announced as the first batch of key scenic spots by the StateCouncil in 1982.天水麦积山石窟英语导游词篇2Dear touristshello everyone!I'm very glad to be here with friends from all over the world. I'm pan, thetour guide of this trip. I hope we can have a good time.Maiji Mountain, about 50 kilometers southeast of Tianshui, Gansu Province,is an isolated peak in Xiaolong mountain of Qinling Mountains in China. Thetotal area of the scenic spot is 215 square kilometers, including MaijiMountain, Xianren cliff, Shimen, Quxi four scenic spots and Jieting ancienttown. Maijishan Grottoes is a national key cultural relic protection unit and aworld-famous art treasure house. The difficulty and wisdom of digging hundredsof caves and Buddha statues on the cliff is very rare in China's grottoes. Comedown, let's go and have a look.After entering the scenic area, what does Maiji Mountain look like now?Yes, it looks like a wheat stack. Maiji Mountain is a typical Danxia landformwith a height of 80 meters. There are more than 7200 statues and murals frommore than ten dynasties, including the later Qin Dynasty, the Western QinDynasty, the Northern Wei Dynasty, the Western Wei Dynasty, the Northern ZhouDynasty, the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Five Dynasties, the Song Dynasty, theYuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. They are distributed in 194caves with an area of morethan 1300 square meters. They are known as the fourmajor caves in China, together with Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, Datong YungangGrottoes and Luoyang Longmen Grottoes. In terms of artistic features, Dunhuangfocuses on gorgeous murals, Yungang and Longmen are famous for their magnificentstone carvings, while Maiji Mountain is famous for its exquisite statues. As oursculptor Liu Kaiqu praised: Maijishan is "a large sculpture museum in Chinesehistory."When you step into the plank road, you must pay attention to safety. Nowyou can see a group of carved statues chiseled by the cliff. There is a Buddhain the middle, which is 15 meters high. There are two Bodhisattvas standing infront of them, smiling and welcoming the tourists. This is also the largestBuddha statue in Maiji Mountain. Now what you can see is the most magnificentseven Buddha Pavilion in Cave 4. There are 42 statues of Bodhisattvas in theseven niches, which are solemn and amiable, gorgeous and not vulgar.Now you come to Xiya grottoes, the largest of which are caves 133 and 127.No.133 stele cave is the most special cave in Maiji Mountain. In the cave, thereare not only many clay sculptures, but also 18 stone tablets, some of which arecovered with thousands of Buddha statues, so they are also called "ten thousandBuddha Hall". Among them, No. 10, No. 11 and No. 16 are the essence of numeroustablets. Cave 127 is even more wonderful. This statue, not to mention MaijiMountain, is a rare treasure in the world Buddhist art.Let's enjoy the main scenic area of Maiji Mountain first. Thank you againfor your support for Xiaopan's work! Welcome to Gansu and Maiji Mountainagain!Thank you!天水麦积山石窟英语导游词篇3Facing the autumn wind, stepping on the grass. Our whole family went toTianshui for a tour. In this trip to Tianshui, the most impressive touristattraction is the famous "Maiji Mountain Grottoes".After more than four hours' journey, we arrived at Tianshui city. Afterstaying in the hotel and having lunch, we rushed to the first touristdestination, Maijishan grottoes."It's a coincidence that it was sunny just now, but now it's drizzling. Oh,how to play when it rains! "I murmured. "You're wrong," my father said. "Maijimisty rain is a wonderful sight in Maiji Mountain, which I can't touch." afterhearing this, my eyes lit up and I was looking forward to seeing it earlier.At the foot of Maiji Mountain, fresh air came. From a distance, themountain looks like a farmer's wheat pile. The fog formed by rain surrounds thetop of the mountain. The hazy scene brings a mysterious atmosphere, just like afairyland.With the fresh air and the smell of grass, we walked to the Maijishangrottoes.According to the guide, Maijishan grottoes were first excavated in the lateQin Dynasty of the Sixteen Kingdoms. After more than ten dynasties, they wereexcavated and rebuilt. It has a history of about 1600 years. It is one of thefour largest Grottoes in China. There are 194 caves with more than 7200 statuesof different sizes. They are divided into three categories: clay sculpture,stone sculpture and stone stele. Clay sculpture is the main one, and it is knownas "Oriental Sculpture Exhibition Hall". Deep national tradition, distinctsecularization and strong interest in life are the prominent features ofMaijishan grottoes.Listening to the guide's explanation, we reached the top ofthe mountainunconsciously. Looking at lifelike statues, I seem to see our ancestors on thissteep mountain, using their wisdom to create this magical statue. Some of themare carving, some are coloring, some are fixing In short, they are industriouseverywhere.Among so many statues, I admire two. The first is the sculpture of the"three saints of the west" on the Shandong side. The amituo Buddha in the middleis 13 meters long, majestic and has both spirit and shape. The eyes made ofglass beads are bright and bright, and the folds on the clothes are meticulous.Because hair and other materials are added when mixing with mud, the Buddhastatue looks smooth and delicate, just like the real one. The second is called"Oriental smile". His eyes are slightly closed, his mouth is up and his head isslightly down, showing the loveliness and implicitness of Oriental people. It'svery likable.After the tour of Maiji Mountain, I feel very much that our ancestors,using their wisdom, diligence and perseverance, left such a proud cultural relicfor future generations. As the descendants of the dragon, we should carryforward the industrious, simple and persistent spirit of our ancestors to makeour motherland more prosperous.天水麦积山石窟英语导游词篇4Maijishan, located in the south of Maijishan Township, Beidao District, 50kilometers southeast of Tianshui City, is an isolated peak in Xiaolong mountainof West Qinling Mountains. Maijishan Scenic area covers a total area of 215square kilometers, including Maijishan, xianrenya, Shimen, Quxi and Jietingancient town. Maijishan Grottoes is one of the four largest Grottoes in China,and the other three grottoes are: Dunhuang MogaoGrottoes, Longmen Grottoes andYungang Grottoes. Maijishan Grottoes is a national key cultural relic protectionunit and a world-famous art treasure house.Maiji Mountain is a typical Danxia landform. It is named for its shape likea farmer's wheat pile. The cliff rises from the ground, 80 meters high. Themountain is steep, surrounded by green trees and a quiet environment. At the endof the Western Han Dynasty, Maiji Mountain had become the summer palace offamous Tianshui general kaixiao. There are more than 7200 statues and murals ofmore than 1300 square meters, which are distributed in 194 caves, similar toDunhuang Mogao Grottoes and Da'an grottoes Like Yungang Grottoes and LuoyangLongmen Grottoes, they have precious art treasures. In terms of artisticfeatures, Dunhuang focuses on gorgeous murals, Yungang and Longmen are famousfor their magnificent stone carvings, while Maiji Mountain is famous for itsexquisite statues. As our sculptor Liu Kaiqu praised: Maijishan is "a largesculpture museum in Chinese history."Maiji Mountain has a long history and enjoyed a high reputation as early as1620 x years ago. In Yutang gossip written by the Five Dynasties, it is saidthat "Maiji Mountain people, crossing the Qingwei River in the north, graduallybecoming two dangs in the south, with five hundred Li hills and hills. Maiji isin the middle of the mountain. A stone rises up and looks up to a hundred Zhanghigh. It looks like a group of people accumulating wheat, so it has this name.".Du Fu wrote a poem praising: "there are few remnant monks in the wild temples.The mountains are round and the roads are high. Musk sleeps carnation, parrotpecks golden peach. Stones pass through, Cliff House prison, the top heavyPavilion night, a hundred miles to see qiuhao Maijishangrottoes were built withthe smooth development of the Silk Road from the post Qin period. According tothe biography of eminent monk Liang, during the Yongchu period of the SouthernSong Dynasty, the eminent monk Tan hongchan lived in Maiji Mountain. Soon after,the famous monk xuangao arrived, and they lived together in temples, often withmore than 300 apprentices. In the Western Wei Dynasty, Yifu, the original Queenof Emperor Wen of Wei Dynasty, died here and "chiseled Maiji cliff and buried itas a niche." In the years of Baoding and Tianhe in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, LiYunxin, the governor of Qinzhou, built seven Buddha pavilions for his deadfather. He once asked Geng Xin to write a preface to the inscription of maijiyaBuddha niche in Tianshui County of Qinzhou for him. In the fourth year ofRenshou, Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty, the envoys of Qinzhou built a9.4-meter-high seven level pagoda on the top of Maiji Mountain, which is said tobe one of the 84000 pagodas of Asoka. So far, the pagoda is still standing onthe top of the mountain, but it only has five levels and has been rebuilt inrecent years.When people enter the Maiji Mountain scenic spot, the first thing they seeis a group of sculptures carved on the cliff. There is a Buddha in the middle,which is 15 meters high. There are two Bodhisattvas standing in front of them,smiling and welcoming the tourists. When you walk to the front of the mountainand look up, you can see that the niches and caves are as dense as the peakrooms, and the eaves are built according to the caves. The trestle ladder isbuilt on the cliff, and the shallow niche and deep cave are dug on the cliff.The construction is superb and magnificent, and the project is extremelydangerous and magnificent. Although tourists and poets of all ages havebeengreatly admired, few of them dare to climb to the top. Wang Renyu, a poet ofFive Dynasties, bravely climbed the cliff before he wrote: "climb the cliff andclimb the stairs, and you can be with the white clouds at leisure; the hills aresmall in front of the eaves, and the sun is low on the hall; the dangerouspeople are few on the top Road, and the ancient rock pines and cranes frequentlyinhabit; in order to leave a name on the edge of the sky, you should brush thestone and ask yourself." My personal sense of life. However, after large-scalereinforcement and repair of the plank road, the crumbling cliff has beenstabilized, and the plank road on the mountain is wide and tidy, safe andreliable. The dangerous scene in Wang Renyu's works has long been history.People can safely and boldly visit each cliff Pavilion, enter each cave at will,and enjoy the beautiful scenery at the foot of the mountain with unrestrainedfeelings.Maiji Mountain is 142 meters high. Most of the grottoes are cut in the airon 20 to 70 meters high cliffs. There are cliff pavilions, Mogao Grottoes, cliffniches, mountain buildings and corridors. The caves are shaped like herringboneroof, square collapse roof, arched lintel, dome, square lintel flat roof, squarelintel covered caisson, square flat roof, small circular niche and Yu top. Thesedifferent types of cave niches and cliff pavilions are the material materialsfor studying the cultural exchange between China and the West and the evolutionand development of architectural structure. According to records, when thegrottoes were excavated in those years, timber was piled up from the bottom tothe top, and then construction was carried out. One layer was built, and theother layer was demolished until the foot of the mountain. According to legend,when Li Yunxin built the seven Buddha Pavilion for his dead father, he used400000 people.Until now, there are still local ballads: "after cutting Nanshanfirewood, build Maiji cliff", "first there is wanzhang firewood, then there isMaiji cliff". Even the first American tourists praised the Maijishan Grottoes as"one of the seven major projects in the world" in the 1947 peace daily.Maijishan Grottoes used to be a complete mountain. In the 22nd year ofKaiyuan of Tang Dynasty, a strong earthquake occurred in Tianshui area, whichdestroyed the middle part of the cliff. The whole grottoes were divided into twoparts: East Cliff and West Cliff. There are 54 caves in Dongya and 140 caves inXiya. Because Maijishan stone is purple brown hydrous parent rock, it is notsuitable for fine carving, so most of them use clay sculpture and painting. Themain themes of Maijishan statues are Buddha, Bodhisattva, disciple, king ofheaven, and strongman. Although the statues of different generations are in thesame hall, they do not follow and imitate, but maintain their owncharacteristics of the times, and systematically reflect the development andevolution of clay sculpture art in China. Whether it's a giant statue as high as15 meters or a small statue as small as 0.3 meters, it gives people a sense ofbeauty. After visiting the Maijishan statue, Soviet sculptor Ni klinduhov saidexcitedly: "the sculptures of the Northern Wei Dynasty and Song Dynasty are themost fascinating to me. They have amazing inner world, expressive compositionand majestic shape. "There are thousands of Maijishan statues. Here, only a few representativemasterpieces can be pointed out, which play the role of "seeing a spot andknowing the whole leopard". The most magnificent statue on Dongya is the sevenBuddha Pavilion in Cave 4. There are 42 statues of Bodhisattvas in the sevenniches. They are dignified, amiable, gorgeous, and full of humankindness,kindness, and secular feelings. All the niches are decorated with floatingsculptures of the eight divisions of the Heavenly Dragon. Their faces arehideous but not ugly. They show men's body-building, dignity, integrity, braveryand perseverance. Cave 5, next to the upper seven Buddha Pavilion, is calledNiuer hall. In front of the door of the middle niche, there is a Buddha standingon a lying calf. This ox is very moving: round eyes, looking at the prefaceplayfully, feet curling, but it seems to jump up, and the skin hanging from theloose neck, also seems to be moving. Not only does the body shape and posturehave the characteristics of a cow, but the most outstanding thing is to show thechildishness and liveliness of a calf, which is very popular among localfarmers, and is called "niuwa with golden hooves and silver horns". At the westend of niuertang, there is a 10 meter long tunnel which can accommodate oneperson. On the top of the tunnel, there are four words: "little cave". It issaid that on the eighth day of the fourth month of the Ming Dynasty, a stateofficial in Qinzhou visited Maiji Mountain T emple Fair. On the spur of themoment, he wanted to wander from the ferry chain of the seven Buddha Pavilion toNiuer hall with the posture of turning over with a kite. But when he stoodfirmly in Niuer hall and looked down, he saw that the cliff was steep and thepeople in the valley were like ants. Suddenly, he felt dizzy, his legs were softand trembling, and he did not dare to step any more. The Yamen servants had toinvite a group of stonemasons to dig a small hole. Only then did the stateofficial climb over from the hole. Up to now, there is still a saying that "thekite turns over and the cow hall" in the local area.Among the caves in Xiya, caves 133 and 127 are the largest. No.133 stelecave is the most special cave in Maiji Mountain. Inthe cave, there are not onlymany clay sculptures, but also 18 stone tablets, some of which are covered withthousands of Buddha statues, so they are also called "ten thousand Buddha Hall".Among them, No. 10, No. 11 and No. 16 are the essence of numerous tablets. Cave127 is even more splendid. Most of the murals on the four walls and caisson arepreserved. The style of the later Wei Dynasty is elegant and vertical. Draw apicture of Buddha's sayings in Chinese, and listen to it by thousands of riders.There are 12 tigers in Western painting, which have different shapes and can becalled excellent. In particular, a stone Buddha in the niche is the mostwonderful. In the back light of the stone Buddha, there are 12 instrumentsplaying in the upper part. There are eight flying Apsaras in the lower part.There are two waiters on the left and right, small but with different manners.In the scroll lotus, there is also a small Buddha head. Sitting in the middle ofthe Buddha, raising the palm to sit, showing the kindness and joy of the saying.This statue, not to mention in Maiji Mountain, is a rare treasure in the worldBuddhist art.There are also several attractive scenic spots around Maiji Mountain. Forexample, the Diao Chao Valley under the three fan cliff of the back cliff ofMaiji Mountain is a refuge palace in Tianshui at the end of the Western HanDynasty. At that time, the summer palace was dotted with pavilions andpavilions, connected with winding corridors, green glazed tiles, red walls andgolden dragons, three eaves and four clusters of carved phoenixes, flowershadows, green bamboo dancing, silver pearls splashing. With the passage oftime, the resplendent Summer Palace has long been extinct. Only the waterfall,ancient cypress and pine, rocks and strange rocks, flowers and herbs, rarebirdsand animals about 40 meters high under the three cliffs still exist, making up acharming natural landscape.In 1982, Maiji Mountain, in the name of Maiji Mountain scenic spot in GansuProvince, was approved by the State Council as one of the first batch ofnational scenic spots.Grotto cultureMaijishan Grottoes retain a large number of religious, artistic andarchitectural materials, which enrich the ancient Chinese cultural history.1、 ReligionIt mainly reflects three Buddhas, seven Buddhas, Western Pure Land and soon. It is an important form of Buddhist literature to reflect the story ofBuddha's birth and biography from frescoes and carved stone tablets, such as?Tzu's birth, Prince sakuna's sacrifice to feed the tiger, Nirvana and so on.Through the sculpture of Buddha, Bodhisattva and flying Apsaras, it reflects thespiritual enlightenment of Buddhism to the real world.2、 ArtIt truly reflects the artists' infinite yearning and aesthetic orientationfor a better life at that time. The statues of the Northern Wei Dynasty arebeautiful and handsome, with a wise smile, implying contempt for the reality ofterror, oblivion of the honor and disgrace of life and detachment from thesecular world; the statues of the Western Wei Dynasty and the Northern ZhouDynasty are gentle and honest, indulging in the pursuit of real life andyearning for the Buddhist world; the statues of the Sui and Tang Dynasties areabundantIt is full of delicacy; the clothing patterns of the statues in the SongDynasty are realistic and solemn. Maijishan art is good at clay sculpture. Theartists abandoned the previous meticulousdetails, and raised the appeal to theheight of commanding everything, with a moving look and a rich flavor of life.From the statues of different times in Maiji Mountain, we can see that theartists at that time broke through the Buddhist rules and regulations, andcreated religious figures with rich flavor of life, such as Buddha, Bodhisattva,disciple, and supporter, by taking real life figures as the main material andexaggerating, imagining, summarizing and refining the art. The Buddhistswhispering in cave 121 and the virgins and virgins in cave 123 show not thepiety of the ascetics, but the childish sincerity and pleasure under theinfluence of the ideological trend of the times. Therefore, influenced by thelocal social environment, Maijishan statues show the local people and feelings,make the Buddhist statues seem to be familiar in life, and make people feel theamiability and loveliness of the Buddhist world, so as to be faithful.Maijishan Grottoes used to be "with niches are all Buddhas, no walls do notfly", but because of the rainy and humid, most of the murals peeled off, butstill retain the Western Pure Land Change, Nirvana change, hell change andBensheng stories of the Northern Dynasty, such as? Tzu Bensheng, sajina Princesacrificing his life to feed the tiger, and so on. The cities, temples, cars andclothes depicted in the murals have the characteristics of Han culture,reflecting the reality of this period life. Feitian, in particular, is morecolorful and distinctive, with clay sculpture, sculpture, painting and thin meatsculpture. Although the hometown of Feitian is in India, the Feitian in MaijiMountain is the artistic crystallization of Chinese and foreign cultures, and isthe fusion of Indian Buddhist heaven and Chinese Taoist immortals. She has nowings and no feathers. She is a beautifulgirl flying in the air with the helpof clouds instead of clouds. She is the most talented masterpiece of ancientChinese artists. At the same time, dance and musical instruments are alsoreflected in murals and sculptures, which provides valuable information for thestudy of ancient Chinese music.3、 Architectural artMaijishan grottoes are built on the precipice. The grottoes are as dense asbeehives, and the trestle road is as high as flying in the air. They are stackedlayer upon layer. Their precipitousness is rare in the world, forming amagnificent three-dimensional architectural complex. Its wooden hall style stonecliff Pavilion is unique and magnificent. Most of the caves are of Buddhisttemple style without central pillar, with obvious local characteristics.Maijishan Grottoes in the most magnificent, the most magnificent buildingis the fourth cave on the seven niches, also known as the "sanhualou", locatedabove the Dongya Buddha, about 80 meters above the ground, for seven eightcolumn veranda structure, about 9 meters high, 30 meters wide, eight metersdeep, divided into two parts of the front gallery and back room. The column is abig column with eight edges, covered with lotus petal shaped column base, andall the building components are exquisitely carved, which reflects the maturityof the construction technology in the Northern Zhou Dynasty. The back room ismade up of seven four corner bunchy tent shaped niches. The curtain isoverlapped layer by layer. The columns, beams and other building components inthe niches are shown in relief. Therefore, the fourth cave of Maiji Mountain isthe largest cave in China, which imitates the traditional Chinese architecture.It is an important material to study the wooden architecture of the NorthernDynasties. It truly shows the external and internalfeatures of the Buddhisthall which has been sinicized in the late Northern and Southern Dynasties. It isof great significance in the development history of the grottoes. Cave 121:position:The upper west end of Xiya.Time:In the late Northern Wei Dynasty, it was rebuilt in Song Dynasty.Cave shape:Fu Dou Caijing square cave. The cave is 2.55 meters high, 2.36 meters wideand 2.15 meters deep.Statues:Each of the three niches has a Buddha. Inside the niche, two men ofstrength are moulded on both sides of the middle door on the left and rightwalls. The upper part of the Buddha was remodeled in the Song Dynasty. The lowerpart of the Buddha's body was draped in three petals in front of the seat. Thefirst part of the Buddha sat down on the square platform. The disciples worecassock and skirt. Left disciple tower spiral bun. Bodhisattvas wear broadribbon cassock. The Bodhisattva and his disciples are closely related. With asmile on their face, they clap their hands in front of their chest. It seemsthat they are whispering and talking with each other. They are just like a pairof brothers and sisters in real life. They are full of youthful vitality andmoving emotions, making people feel natural and kind. The head of Lishi wasrebuilt in Song Dynasty. Zuo Lishi was wearing a skirt, a scarf round andcrossed on his abdomen, a Vajra pole in his left hand, a wind belt in his righthand, a wide sleeve jacket in his right hand, a long skirt and a vertical hand.He was wearing body armor. He was strong and powerful, with a kind ofaweinspiring spirit. This cave is one of the most important representative caves inthe late Northern Wei Dynasty.Murals: Buddha, Bodhisattva painted backlight, Xiang Guang. Most of themurals in the caisson are exfoliated and blackened by smoke. Only the flyingribbon is faintly visible.。
介绍麦积山石窟英语作文
介绍麦积山石窟英语作文Nestled in the heart of the Tianshui region of northwest China, the Maijishan Grottoes stand as a testament to the rich cultural and artistic heritage of the country. Spanning across cliffs that rise over 140 meters, these grottoes are a captivating display of Buddhist art, etched into the very fabric of the landscape by generations of artisans.The history of the Maijishan Grottoes dates back to the 16th century BCE, when the region was part of the Qin Empire. However, it was during the later periods of the Sui and Tang dynasties that the grottoes truly flourished, with the addition of numerous carvings and sculptures. These works were not just artistic expressions; they were also a reflection of the religious beliefs and cultural values of the time.What sets the Maijishan Grottoes apart is the diversity and complexity of its carvings. With over 7,000 figures etched into the cliffs, each one tells a story, depicting scenes from Buddhist mythology, historical events, and everyday life. The attention to detail is breathtaking,with figures ranging from life-size to mere inches tall,all exquisitely crafted with meticulous precision.The caves themselves are a maze of interconnecting chambers, some of which are accessible only by climbing narrow staircases or traversing narrow ledges. This adds to the mystery and intrigue of the place, making it a true adventure for those who visit.But the Maijishan Grottoes are not just about art and history; they are also a testament to the resilience of the Chinese people. Despite being located in a region that has been prone to natural disasters and wars, these grottoes have stood the test of time, remaining intact and servingas a constant reminder of the rich cultural heritage of China.Today, the Maijishan Grottoes are a major tourist attraction, drawing visitors from all over the world. But more than just a tourist destination, they are a sacred place of worship for many Buddhists. The serene atmosphere and the presence of such magnificent artworks serve toinstill a sense of peace and tranquility in those who visit.In conclusion, the Maijishan Grottoes are not just a collection of carvings etched into cliffs; they are a window into the rich cultural and artistic heritage of China. They are a testament to the resilience of the Chinese people and a constant reminder of the beauty and depth of their cultural identity. Visiting the Maijishan Grottoes is not just an adventure; it is a journey through time, where one can connect with the past and appreciatethe beauty and depth of Chinese culture.**麦积山石窟：中国西北的艺术瑰宝**位于中国西北天水地区的麦积山石窟，是中国丰富文化和艺术遗产的见证。
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Maiji Caves
Located 45 kilometers (about 28 miles) southeast of Tianshui City in Gansu Province, Maiji Mountain rises up abruptly 142 meters (about 155 yards) from the landscape. The people named the mountain 'Maiji' because it resembles a stack of wheat straw (mai meaning wheat, and ji meaning stack). On the sheer cliff that marks the southwest side of Maiji Mountain, people have labored for centuries carving niches and caves, giving rise to what is known today as the Maiji Caves. Inside the caves are clay statues, whose heights vary from 20 centimeters (about 8 inches) to 15 meters (over 49 feet). Besides 194 Buddhist caves and niches, containing more than 7, 200 clay statues, there are also murals of over 1, 300 square meters (about 1, 555 square yards) in the Maiji Caves as well. These statues are works of art that reflect ancient craftsmanship and dedication to the Buddhist ideal. Rarely can one find caves and statues carved over sheer cliffs in China, and this is one of the most distinguishing features of Maiji Caves. Being carved on the cliff, these caves are connected by plank roads that hang precariously along the face of the cliff. Visitors can only reach each cave by using these plank roads, which offers a breathtaking experience.
Work on the Maiji caves began in the late Qin Dynasty (221 BC - 206 BC), progressing through to the Qing Dynasty (1644 - 1911). The Northern Wei
(386 - 534) period was also a time of its great prosperity, and Buddhism began to prevail as a cultural force. Subsequent dynasties added to and sometimes rebuilt the caves according to the styles of the era. Interestingly, although the statues were built at the same location, none of them maintained a similar style with those preceding it. Statues from each dynasty clearly developed distinct elements.
Another curious feature of the statues is their trend toward secularization, that is, a move toward depicting the icons as man rather than god. Except for statues built in the early period, almost all Buddhist statues look affable and accessible. They were no longer gods standing high in the heaven, but rather became more like common people.
Because of its exquisite clay statues and superb sculptural skills, Maiji Caves acquired special recognition. They have been classified as an 'Oriental Statues Exhibition Hall'. Maiji Caves are one of the four most important caves in China. The other threes are Mogao Caves in Dunhuang, Gansu Province, Yungang Caves in Datong, Shanxi Province, and Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan Province. Their emphasis is on exquisite statues and beautiful natural scenes, while the others' are on florid murals or magnificent stonecutting.
There are other places of interest near Maiji Mountain as well, Xianren Cliff,
Shimen Mountain, Quxi and Maiji Arboretum, all offer fine panoramic views of mountains, rivers and plants in Northwest China.。