高中英语_英语句子成分的分析与理解课件_牛津版必修1
（让步状语）
10.I am taller than he is.（比较状语）
(七) 挑出下列句中的状语（8分， 8分钟） ① There was a big smile on her face. ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs. ③ He began to learn English when he was eleven. ④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. ⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. ⑥ She loves the library because she loves books. ⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it. ⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.
主语是动作的主体部分
在主动句中：主语是动作的发出者
I teach you English.
在被动句中：主语是动作的承受者
You are beaten .
主语一般由名词、代词或数词充当。
We are good friends. –（代词）
主语还可以由从句或非谓语动词充当。 What I want to do is join the party. Smoking is harmful to your health. To learn English is difficult.
（八）状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明
动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语 （Adverbial）。可由以下形式表示 ： 1.Light travels most quickly. （副词及副词性词组） 2.He has lived in the city for ten years. （介词短语） 3.He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.
3.不定式作状语：
The
boy needs a pen to do his homework./ 男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。（目的状语） To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business./为实现 梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣. 4.名词作状语： Come this way!/走这条路！（方向状语）
well should study harder than others. an interesting book a meeting to attend 定语也可以由副词（词组）或介词（词 组）充当。 The man over there The books on the shelf
介词短语作定语： The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours./ 教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。 The boy in blue is Tom./穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆。 There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有两个9 岁的，三个10岁的男孩。 名词作定语： The boy needs a ball pen./男孩需要一支圆珠笔。 There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./这铅 笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。 副词作定语： The boy there needs a pen./那儿的男孩需要一支 钢笔。 The best boy here is Tom./这里最棒的男孩是Tom。
6. She came in with a dictionary in her hand. （伴随状语） 7.In order to catch up with the others, I （目的状语） must work harder. 8.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. （结果状语） 9.She works very hard though she is old.
我们再想一想什么是谓语
(Predicate)
谓语
表示一个动作、行为，是由动词充 当的。 谓语 I teach you English. 一个句子能不能没有谓语？ 不能
宾语 (Object)又是什么？
宾语的分类：
动词宾语：动作涉及的对象。 I love you. 介词宾语：介词所涉及的对象。 I want to give this book to you.
（不定式短语）
4.He is in the room making a model plane.
（分词短语）
5.Wait a minute.
（名词）
6.Once you begin, you must continue.
（状语从句）
1.介词短语作状语：In the classroom,the boy
needs a pen./在教室里，男孩需要一支钢笔。（地 点状语） Before his mother,Tom is always a boy./在母亲面 前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语) On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./ 星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语) 2.分词（短语）作状语： He sits there,asking for a pen./他坐在那儿要一支 笔。（表示伴随状态） Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen./因为不得不完成作业，男孩需要一支笔。（原 因状语） Frightened,he sits there soundlessly./（因为）受 了惊吓，他无声地坐在那儿。（原因状语）
宾语一般由名词、代词充当。
宾语也可以是一个从句或非谓语动词。
He told me that he felt lonely. He likes swimming.
(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语（10分，10分钟） ① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. ⑦ They made him monitor of the class. ⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left. ⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school. ⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.
补语(Complement)
He
made his sister cry. 宾语补足语 His sister was made to cry. 主语补语 补语是用于补充说明主语或宾语的身份 或特征。 补语一般由名词或形容词充当。 Don’t leave me alone. (O C)
句子成分
主
谓宾 主语 谓语 宾语 定语
状语
补语
同位语
主语 谓语 宾语
观察下面一个例句，你能找到句中的
“主语” 、“谓语” 、“宾语”吗?
I beat 主语 谓语
you 宾语 .
SVO 因此这是个典型的“主谓宾”句型。
思考一下：
什么是主语 (Subject) 呢?
不定式作定语： The boy to write this letter needs a pen./写这封信的男孩 需要一支钢笔。 There is nothing to do today./今天无事要做。 分词（短语）作定语： The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那 个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。 The pen bought by her is made in China./她买的笔是中国 产的。 There are five boys left./有五个留下的男孩。 定语从句： The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。 The boy you will know is Tom./你将认识的男孩叫汤姆。 There are five boys who will play the game./参加游戏的男 孩有五个。
补语(Complement)
随着语态的变化，主语补语和宾语补语
是发生变化的。 Everyone calls him Jack. （宾补） He is called Jack.（主补）
挑出下列句中的宾语补足语（6分， 6分 钟） ① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. ② He asked her to take the boy out of school. ③ She found it difficult to do the work. ④ They call me Lily sometimes. ⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus. ⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?
10.I am taller than he is.（比较状语）
(七) 挑出下列句中的状语（8分， 8分钟） ① There was a big smile on her face. ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs. ③ He began to learn English when he was eleven. ④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. ⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. ⑥ She loves the library because she loves books. ⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it. ⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.
主语是动作的主体部分
在主动句中：主语是动作的发出者
I teach you English.
在被动句中：主语是动作的承受者
You are beaten .
主语一般由名词、代词或数词充当。
We are good friends. –（代词）
主语还可以由从句或非谓语动词充当。 What I want to do is join the party. Smoking is harmful to your health. To learn English is difficult.
（八）状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明
动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语 （Adverbial）。可由以下形式表示 ： 1.Light travels most quickly. （副词及副词性词组） 2.He has lived in the city for ten years. （介词短语） 3.He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.
3.不定式作状语：
The
boy needs a pen to do his homework./ 男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。（目的状语） To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business./为实现 梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣. 4.名词作状语： Come this way!/走这条路！（方向状语）
well should study harder than others. an interesting book a meeting to attend 定语也可以由副词（词组）或介词（词 组）充当。 The man over there The books on the shelf
介词短语作定语： The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours./ 教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。 The boy in blue is Tom./穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆。 There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有两个9 岁的，三个10岁的男孩。 名词作定语： The boy needs a ball pen./男孩需要一支圆珠笔。 There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./这铅 笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。 副词作定语： The boy there needs a pen./那儿的男孩需要一支 钢笔。 The best boy here is Tom./这里最棒的男孩是Tom。
6. She came in with a dictionary in her hand. （伴随状语） 7.In order to catch up with the others, I （目的状语） must work harder. 8.He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. （结果状语） 9.She works very hard though she is old.
我们再想一想什么是谓语
(Predicate)
谓语
表示一个动作、行为，是由动词充 当的。 谓语 I teach you English. 一个句子能不能没有谓语？ 不能
宾语 (Object)又是什么？
宾语的分类：
动词宾语：动作涉及的对象。 I love you. 介词宾语：介词所涉及的对象。 I want to give this book to you.
（不定式短语）
4.He is in the room making a model plane.
（分词短语）
5.Wait a minute.
（名词）
6.Once you begin, you must continue.
（状语从句）
1.介词短语作状语：In the classroom,the boy
needs a pen./在教室里，男孩需要一支钢笔。（地 点状语） Before his mother,Tom is always a boy./在母亲面 前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语) On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./ 星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语) 2.分词（短语）作状语： He sits there,asking for a pen./他坐在那儿要一支 笔。（表示伴随状态） Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen./因为不得不完成作业，男孩需要一支笔。（原 因状语） Frightened,he sits there soundlessly./（因为）受 了惊吓，他无声地坐在那儿。（原因状语）
宾语一般由名词、代词充当。
宾语也可以是一个从句或非谓语动词。
He told me that he felt lonely. He likes swimming.
(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语（10分，10分钟） ① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. ⑦ They made him monitor of the class. ⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left. ⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school. ⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.
补语(Complement)
He
made his sister cry. 宾语补足语 His sister was made to cry. 主语补语 补语是用于补充说明主语或宾语的身份 或特征。 补语一般由名词或形容词充当。 Don’t leave me alone. (O C)
句子成分
主
谓宾 主语 谓语 宾语 定语
状语
补语
同位语
主语 谓语 宾语
观察下面一个例句，你能找到句中的
“主语” 、“谓语” 、“宾语”吗?
I beat 主语 谓语
you 宾语 .
SVO 因此这是个典型的“主谓宾”句型。
思考一下：
什么是主语 (Subject) 呢?
不定式作定语： The boy to write this letter needs a pen./写这封信的男孩 需要一支钢笔。 There is nothing to do today./今天无事要做。 分词（短语）作定语： The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那 个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。 The pen bought by her is made in China./她买的笔是中国 产的。 There are five boys left./有五个留下的男孩。 定语从句： The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。 The boy you will know is Tom./你将认识的男孩叫汤姆。 There are five boys who will play the game./参加游戏的男 孩有五个。
补语(Complement)
随着语态的变化，主语补语和宾语补语
是发生变化的。 Everyone calls him Jack. （宾补） He is called Jack.（主补）
挑出下列句中的宾语补足语（6分， 6分 钟） ① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. ② He asked her to take the boy out of school. ③ She found it difficult to do the work. ④ They call me Lily sometimes. ⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus. ⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?
合集下载
高中英语 高中 牛津译林版(新版) 第一讲---句子和句子成分
句子和句子成分句子：按目的分类——陈述句（肯定句；否定句）；疑问句（一般疑问句；特殊疑问句；选择疑问句；反意疑问句）；祈使句（肯定的；否定的以及let的特殊用法）；感叹句（what, how及其它）。
按结构分类——简单句；并列句；复合句。
句子成分：主语；谓语；表语；宾语；定语；状语；补足语。
一．句子成分：1．主语：常由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、从句担任。
eg:那根钢笔是我的。
_____________________________________她匆匆忙忙地出去了。
_____________________________________6意味着好运。
_____________________________________年轻人应该尊重老年人。
_____________________________________眼见为实。
______________________ _______________________我们什么时候走还没有定下来。
_____________________________ [注意]：从句作主语，称为主语从句，此时谓语动词用单数。
eg: 他刚才说过的话是真的。
____________________________ 2．谓语：由动词构成，有简单谓语和复合谓语之分。
简单谓语：由动词和动词词组组成。
eg: 你看到了山顶上的红旗。
You _____ the red flag on the top of the hill.他照顾两个孤儿。
He ______________ two orphans.复合谓语：由‘情态动词/ 助动词+ 动词’构成。
eg: 他会讲英语。
_________________________这项工作在三点以前必须做完。
The work _______________before three o’clock.3．表语：在_________之后的成分。
牛津译林版高中英语必修一高一句子成分分析
1. Thewarwasover. 2. Theyseemtoknowthetruth. 3. Timeisprecious. 4. I’mnotquitemyselftoday. 5. Whowasthefirst? 6. Heisoutofcondition. 7. ThebookiswhatIneed.
基本句型
• 主语+系动词+表语（主系表） • 主语+不及物动词+（其他成分） • 主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾） • 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 • 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补
• Hewent. • Hewentthere. • Hewentthereyesterday. • Hewenttheretoseehismotheryesterday. • Hewenttheretoseehismotherillinhospital bybikeyesterday.
㈡谓语
• 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 • Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill? • Helookedaftertwoorphans. • 复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词; • HecanspeakEnglishwell.
㈢表语
• 在系动词后的部分就是表语 • 常见的系动词有: • be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,look,seem, • feel,smell,taste,sound,keep,turn,become, • get,grow,come,goetc. • 系动词不用于被动语态. • Theappletastessweet.
Thegirlinredishissister. Wehavealotofworktodo. Thegirlstandingunderthetreeishisdaughter. Doyouknowthemanwhospokejustnow? Thereisnothinginterestinginthisbook.
新教材高中英语Unit1Integratedskills课件牛津译林版必修第一册ppt
【词块积累】 (1)focus on sb. /sth. focus your attention on sb. /sth. (2)the focus of (3)focused
聚焦; 把注意力集中于…… 把注意力集中于…… ……的焦点 adj. 目标清晰的; 目标明确的, 重点突出的
(1) It will help you become more patient and _fo_c_u_s_e_d_. 它会帮助你变得更有耐心, 更专注。 (2)The news about the disease is always _th_e__fo_c_u_s__o_f us. 关于这种疾病的消息一直是我们关注的焦点。 (3)I’m happy that I have _f_o_c_u_se_d__o_n_learning oral English and practiced a lot. 我很高兴我一直专注于英语口语的学习和练习。
【小词汇·大文化】 Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. 生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。
6. as a result of由于 *(2020·全国I卷)As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. 因此, 她说, 一些与跑步有关的损伤, 比如跑步者的膝盖, 在跑步者中并不常见。
(4)I can’t _fo_c_u_s__o_n_m__y_s_t_u_d_y_, a group of people dancing, on the square down stairs. 一群人在楼下的广场上跳舞, 我难以集中精力学习。 (5)Both the sessions in 2020 were postponed in February, as the nation was _f_o_c_u_s_in_g_ on fighting against COVID-19. 因为整个国家正聚力与新冠肺炎作斗争, 2020年2月份的两会被推迟召开。
高中英语语法之句子成分精讲PPT课件(共22页)
谓语
谓语用来描述主语的行为动作或所处的状态，一般位于主语之后（祈 使句、省略句等除外），由动词或动词短语充当，且谓语动词有人称、数、 时态和语态等的变化。
例如： We often speak English in class. I bought a ticket at a discount and rode the underground three times. The days get longer and longer when summer comes. There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
英语句子成分
Sentence Components
2020/7/6
1
目录
CONTENTS
1 句法介绍 2 例句分析 3 活学精练 4 知识小结
2020/7/6
2
01
句法介绍
英语句子的成分
句子成分就是组成句子的各个部分。英语的句子成分主要 有主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语、同位 语、独立成分等。
补语
补足语的作用对象是主语或宾语，有主语补足语和宾语补足语两种，后者更为常 见。补语是用来补充说明主语或宾语的性质、状态的一种句子成分，具有鲜明的定语 性描写或限制性功能，在句法上是不可或缺的。 （1）宾语补足语：可由名词、形容词、数词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语等充当。 例如： We invite you to bring your family and friends on that special day. I find it very difficult to achieve the set goal. Mr. Smith has suggested a good way to have her written English improved in a short period.
Unit(1)BacktoSchool句子成分Sentenceelements课件高中英语牛津译林版
结果状语
伴随状语
条件状语
让步状语
Summary
I ,a teacher , found a small boy crying in the corner.
主 同位 谓
定宾
补
状
发出者 解释说明 动作 修饰 承担者 补充说明 动作发生的时间地点
Practice
Mark the different elements of each sentence with different symbols.
Different symbols： You will enjoy personal growth.
Subject: Verb: Object: Predicative:
Object complement attribute:( ) adverbial:
分析下列句子成分
1．He broke a piece of glass. 2．You should study hard. 3．He seemed unhappy last night. 4．I'll give you some tea now. 5．Mary asked me to help her yesterday.
-动词不定式
5.We hoped that all would come well.
-从句
6. My mother makes me breakfast every morning.
=My mother makes breakfast for me every morning.
（有些动词带两个宾语即 双宾：人是间接宾语，物 是直接宾语）人间物直
宾语（Object, O） 女主角
是动作、行为的对象或承受者 位置：位于及物动词之后/介词之后
英语句子成分分析分析解析(课堂PPT)(2024版)
6. I prefer my coffee hot.
7. Don’t worry about me; just take care of yourself.
8. You can rely on him to do anything that is necessary.
与全句没有什 么语法关系， 有感叹词、肯 定与否定的答 语、插入语、 呼语等
常用词 例句 类
名词、 I find the book very boring. 形容词, 分词, 不定式 介词短 语等
名词、 This is Mr. Li, our 数词、 headmaster. 代词或 The news that he is ill 从句 worries us.
2024/11/13
14
主动语态变成被动语态后, 宾语补足语变成主补.
I last saw him playing near the river. →He was seen playing near the river. The teacher caught the student cheating →in the exam.
machine off. ● She wondered why Jim was so angry
with her.
2024/11/13
13
㈤宾语补足语
We must keep it a secret.
I found the book interesting.
Please keep the dog out.
The student was caught cheating in the exam.
We elected him monitor. →He was elected monitor.
Unit1GrammarandUsage句子成分和结构课件高中英语牛津译林版(2020)
基本句型一 主+谓
① The sun rises. ② Time flies. ③ The man smokes heavily. ④ They stopped when the phone was ringing. ⑤ They talked for half an hour. Conclusion: 这类动词叫做 不及物动词 , 后面不跟宾语，但 是可以带状语。
系动词分类
1) 表状态的be动词：be,is,am,are,was,were 2)表感官的动词: look, sound, taste, smell, feel, 3)表变化的动词: 4)表持续的动词： remain, stay, keep, continue 5)表表像的动词: seem, appear (似乎，好像) 6)表终止的动词： prove, turn out（证明 always makes his parents angry.
A
D定
状 频率
B
定
C
补
英语中一共两种修饰成分：
修饰名词的叫“定语” 修饰名词以外的其他成分的统统叫“状语”
Leona
Practice 学法P26-30
Leona
P6 A Exploring the rules： 1. I agree. 2. Setting goals gives you a focus. 3. These habits will be helpful. 4. Setting goals makes you more confident. 5. You will live a happy life.
现在分词 doing
They found the house broken in.
Unit1BacktoschoolGrammarandusage句子成分和结构课件高中英语牛津译林版
C. go
D. bus
4. There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
A. will be
B. meeting
C. the library
D. afternoon
Leona
宾语
女一号
（Object, O）
是动作、行为的对象或承受者 位置：位于及物动词之后/介词之后
6. Your idea sounds great.
Your conclusion 2：谓语一般位于 主语之后 有两种
① 简单谓语 ：由 动词 或 动词短语 充当。
② 复合谓语 ：情态动词/助动词 + 动词原形 或系动词+表语
Leona
即学即练：选出句中谓语动词。
1. I don't like the picture on the wall.
4. My father and my mother watch TV every
evening. ( √ )
Leona
表语 P
predicative
女二号
位于系动词之后, 主语的“表现” 说明主语的身份，特征，状态 说明主语“是什么”, “怎么样”
1)表状态的动词：be (am, is, are) 2)表感官的动词: look, feel, smell, taste, sound 3)表变化的动词: 4)表持续的动词： keep, stay 5)表表像的动词: seem, appear (似乎，好像) 6)表终止的动词： prove, turn out（证明）
Leona
即学即练：
名词 n. 代词 pron.
形容词 adj. 介词短语
高中英语_英语句子成分的分析与理解课件_牛津版必修1
基本句型 一：Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓）
主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），动词 不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！ 谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。 不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
基本句型 四： Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带， show显示。这两个宾语通常一个指人，为间接宾语；一个指物，为 直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。 一般的顺序为：动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语。如：Give me a cup of tea,please. 强调间接宾语顺序为：动词 + 直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语。如： Show this house to Mr.Smith. Ｓ │Ｖ（及物）│ ｏ（多指人） │ Ｏ（多指物） 1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。 2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一 顿美餐。 3. He │brought │you │a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。 4. He │denies │her │nothing. 他对她什么都不拒绝。 5. I │showed │him │my pictures. 我给他看我的照片 6. I │gave │my car │a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。 7. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。 8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 他教＋系＋表）
牛津译林2020 版必修1Unit1句子成分(共17张PPT)
4. 定语（attributive）：修饰名词或代词。如：
I went to a large library yesterday. He doesn’t have anything to do at the moment.
指出下列句子中的定语及它的性质：
①Guilin is a beautiful city.
1. 主语（subject）：指句子所谈论的主体，一般位于句首。但在 there be结构、疑问句（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主 语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。如：
The teacher gave a speech. Beijing is the capital of China.
指出下列句子中的主语及它的性质：
指出下列句子中的宾语及它的性质：
①They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday. 名词
②The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time. 代词
③How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. 数词
3. 宾语（object）：通常指动作的对象，一般位于及物动词和介 词后面。如：
We should develop good study habits. Jack offered me some helpful advice.
宾语种类：
（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语） 例如：Lend me your dictionary, please. （2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补） 例如：They elected him their monitor.