新世纪实用英语写作第二章

Activity 2 Explain what is a good topic sentence
Three essential points:
1.主题句必须是一个完整的句子
2.由主题词和主题思想的表述两部分构成
3.只是一种概括性的陈述而不提供具体的细节
e.g. Gold, a precious metal, is prized for two important characteristics.
•Although flextime has produced these three positive results in some industries, it is not as advantageous in alThefirst advantage is increased production per work-hour.(+supporting sentences)
•尽管太多的短句看上去不连贯，但短句在长句之后可以起到强调作用。
•在这段文字中，最短的句子第1、6、和8句都是很强调的句子。第6句特别强，因为它与第5句对照，这一句用最长的句子进行强调。
Varied Sentences
Example 1:
Appreciate the varied sentence structures in the following passages.
•The way football and basketball are played is as interesting as the players. Because football is a game of precision, each play is diagrammed to accomplish a certain goal. Basketball, however, is a game of endurance. In fact, a basketball game looks like a track meet; the team that drops of exhaustion first loses. Basketball players are often compared to artists, their moves and slam dunks are their masterpieces.
•Transition signals
•Logical order
Chronological Order
Spatial Order
Order of Importance
Transition Signals
Transition signals are words such as first, second, next, finally, therefore, and however, or phrases such as in conclusion, on the other hand, and as a result.
Activity 1Give some examples to showhow to keep paragraph unity
Activity2practice on how to obtain paragraph coherence
Activity 3Learn by example to know what is sentence variety
徐州工程学院教案
2015年至2016年第1学期第周星期
课题名称（含教材章节）：Chiting
教学目的和要求：
1.To get a general idea ofwhat is paragraph structure;
2.To make sense ofhow to keep paragraph unity;
Activity 1Introduce three parts of a paragraph
One English paragraph usually includes the following three parts:
(1) Topic Sentence
(2) Supporting / Developing Sentence
To master paragraph unity and coherence
Materials:textbook, additional teaching materials
Task 1Introduction to the paragraph
Paragraphs are made up of sentences, single, correct, and effective sentences put together do not necessarily make an effective paragraph.
Think of transition signals as traffic signs that tell your reader when to go forward, turn, slow down, and stop. In other words, they tell the reader when you are giving a similar idea (similarly, moreover, furthermore, in addition), an opposite idea (on the other hand, however, in contrast), an example (for example), a result (as a result), or a conclusion (in conclusion).
Task 1Introduction to the paragraph
Activity 1Introduce three parts of a paragraph
Activity2Explain what is a topic sentence
Task 2English ParagraphWriting
3.To masterparagraph coherence.
教学重点：What is topic sentence,How to write a good concluding sentence
教学难点：Waystoobtain coherence and sentence variety
教学内容（要点）
徐州工程学院教案纸
Chapter Two English Paragraph Writing
Objectives:To get a general idea of importance of paragraph writing
To knowbasic paragraph structure patterns
Activity2 Practice on how to obtain paragraph coherence
•cohere表示“to stick”或“to hold together”。连贯，一是指结构上的连贯；二是指内容上的连贯。
•具有连贯性的段落中每个句子都很合乎逻辑地与下个句子相连接。
Two Ways to Obtain Coherence
•Asecond advantage l types of businesses.(+supporting sentences)
•To summarize, flextime has resulted in increased production and happier workers.
Other Coherence Devices:
Anaphora (指代)
Coherence Through Repetition (重复)
–They decided to begin again:to beginhoping,to begintrying to change,to beginworking toward a goal.
–During those years when I was just learning to speak, my mother and father addressed me onlyin Spanish; in SpanishI learned to reply.
Transition Signals Between Paragraphs
•is that factory workers are happier.(+supporting sentences)
•In addition to increased output and worker satisfaction, factory managers report that absenteeism has declined.（+supporting sentences)
Example：
Identify whether the following paragraphs are unified. Pick out any sentence which is not related to the controlling idea of the paragraph.
For hundreds of years, man has made use of the talents of monkeys. Ancient Egyptian paintings show baboons gathering fruit for their masters. Even in 1879, in Abyssinia, monkeys were still being used as torchbearers at feasts. The monkeys would sit in a row on a bench and hold the lights until the guests went home. Then the monkeys would eat. Most of the world's zoos contain a variety of monkeys for people to watch.