2016年12月英语六级听力真题及答案第二套
大学英语六级卷二真题2016年12月
大学英语六级卷二真题2016年12月(总分：710.00，做题时间：120分钟)一、Part I Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on creation. Your essay should include the importance of creation and measures to be taken to encourage creation.You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.（分数：106.50）__________________________________________________________________________________________正确答案：(Throughout the ages, we have concluded a number of factors that contribute to success, among which is creation. Just as the saying goes, There is no doubt that creation is the most important human resource of all. Not only is creation the force driving economy and societyto advance, but it is also essential to the development of individuals.Those who often come upwith new ideas are more likely to achieve success, while a man who always sticks to habit and experience can hardly create new things. In terms of giving measures to encourage creation, Iwill list the following ones. On the one hand, the public are expected to realize the significanceof creation, so the social media should play its due role in advocating the value of innovationand encouraging the public to cultivate the awareness of creation. On the other hand, those whoare equipped with creative thinking deserve some kind of praise, both materially and spiritually. Creation has been a hot word for a long time and we cannot emphasize the importance of creationtoo much. Therefore, we should spare no effort to learn knowledge as much as possible to prepare ourselves for being creative people.)解析：论创新古往今来，我们已经总结出了走向成功的几个因素，其中之一就是创新。
2016年12月大学英语六级考试真题听力原文及参考答案(第2套)
2016年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第2套）参考答案Part IV TranslationThe number of Chinese language learners undergoes a dramatic rise as China’s economy surges, which has turned Chinese into one of the most popular language among language learners across the world. In recent years, Chinese universities are moving up significantly in the world university rankings. Owing to the great advances in its educational system, China now ranks unsurprisingly as one of the most favored destinations for overseas students. In 2015, there were around 400,000 overseas students flocking to China to pursue their studies. They no longer restrict their interest to Chinese language and culture, instead, branching out into other subjects including science and engineering. Although the United States and the United Kingdom are still dominant in the global education market, China is catching up at a fast pace with them.Part II Listening Comprehension听力原文Section AQuestions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.M: Guess what? The worst food I ever had was in France.W: Really? That's odd. I thought the French were all good cooks.M: Yes, that's right. I suppose it's really like anywhere else, though. You know, some places are good, some bad. But it's really all our own fault.W: What do you mean?M: Well, it was the first time I'd been to France. This was years ago when I was at school. I went there with my parents' friends, from my father's school. They’d hired a coach to take them to Switzerland.W: A school trip?M: Right. Most of them had never been abroad before. We'd crossed the English Channel at night and we set off through France and breakfast time arrived, and the coach driver had arranged for us to stop at this little café. There we all were tired and hungry and then we made a great discovery. W: What was that?M: Bacon and eggs.W: Fantastic! The real English breakfast.M: Yes, anyway we didn't know any better--- so we had it, and ugh...!W: What was it like? Disgusting?M: Ah, it was incredible. They just got a bowl and put some fat in it. And then they put some bacon in the fat, broke an egg over the top and put the whole lot in the oven for about ten minutes. W: In the oven? You're joking. You can't cook bacon and eggs in the oven!M: Well, they must have done it that way. It was hot, but it wasn't cooked. There was just this egg floating about in gallons of fat and raw bacon.W: Did you actually eat it?M: No, nobody did. They all wanted to turn round and go home. You know, back to teabags and fish and chips. You can't blame them really. Anyway, the next night we were all given another foreign specialty.W: What was that?M: Snails--that really finished them off. Lovely holiday that was!1. What did the woman think of the French?2. Who did the man travel with on his first trip to Switzerland?3. What does the man say about the breakfast at the little French café?4. What did the man think of his holiday in France?Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.M: You say your shop has been doing well. Could you give me some idea of what “doing well” means in facts and figures?W: Well, “doing well” means averaging 1,200 pounds or more a week for about 7 years, making almost a quarter of a million pounds. And “doing well” means your earnings are rising. Last year we did slightly over 50,000 and this year we hope to do more than 60,000. So that's good if we continue to rise.M: Now that's growth on earnings, I assume. What about your expenses?W: Yes, that's growth. The expenses of course go up steadily. And since we've moved to this new shop, the expenses have increased greatly because it's a much bigger shop. So I couldn't say exactly what our expenses are. There's something in the region of 6 or 7 thousand pounds a year, which is not high---commercially speaking, it's very low. And we try to keep our expenses as low as we can.M: And your prices are much lower than the same goods in shops round about. How do the local shopkeepers feel about having a shop doing so well in their midst?W: Perhaps a lot of them don't realize how well we're doing because we don't make a point of publicizing. That was a lesson we learned very early on. We were very friendly with all local shopkeepers and we have been to mention to a local shopkeeper how much we have made that week. He was very unhappy and never as friendly again. So we make a point of never publicizing the amount of the money we make. But we're on very good terms with all the shops; none of them have ever complained that we're putting them out of business or anything like that. I think it's a nice funny relationship. Maybe if they did know what we made, perhaps they wouldn't be so friendly.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?6. What does the woman say her shop tries to do?7. What do we learn about goods sold at the woman's shop?8. Why doesn't the woman want to make known their earnings anymore?Section BQuestions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.Birds are famous for carrying things around. Some, like homing pigeons, can be trained to deliver messages and packages. Other birds unknowingly carry seeds that cling to them for the ride. Canadian scientists have found a worrisome, new example of the power that birds have to spread stuff around. Way up north in the Canadian Arctic, seabirds are picking up dangerous chemicals in the ocean and delivering them to ponds near where the birds live.Some 10,000 pairs of the birds, called fulmars, a kind of Arctic seabird, make their nests on Devon Island, north of the Arctic Circle. The fulmars travel some 400 kilometers over the sea to find food. When they return home, their droppings end up all around their nesting sites, including in nearby ponds.Previously, scientists noticed pollutants arriving in the Arctic with the wind. Salmon also carry dangerous chemicals, as the fish migrate between rivers and the sea. The bodies of fish and other meat-eaters can build up high levels of the chemicals.To test the polluting power of fulmars, researchers collected samples of deposits from 11 ponds on Devon Island. In ponds closest to the colony, the results showed that there were far more pollutants than in ponds less affected by the birds. The pollutants in the ponds appear to come from fish that fulmars eat when they're out on the ocean. People who live, hunt, or fish near bird colonies need to be careful, the researchers say. The birds don't mean to cause harm, but the chemicals they carry can cause major problems.9. What have Canadian scientists found about some seabirds?10. What does the speaker say about the seabirds called fulmars?11. What did scientists previously notice about pollutants in the Arctic?12. What does the speaker warn about at the end of the talk?Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.In recent years, the death rate among American centenarians -- people who have lived to age 100 or older--has decreased, dropping 14 percent for women and 20 percent for men from 2008 to 2014. The leading causes of death in this age group are also changing. In 2000, the top five causes of death for centenarians were heart disease, stroke, flu, cancer and Alzheimer's disease. But by 2014, the death rate from Alzheimer's disease for this age group had more than doubled--increasing from 3.8 percent to 8.5 percent --making the progressive brain disease the second leading cause of death for centenarians. One reason for the rise in deaths from Alzheimer's disease in this group may be that developing this condition remains possible even after people beat the odds of dying from other diseases such as cancer.People physically fit enough to survive over 100 years ultimately give in to diseases such as Alzheimer's which effects the mind and cognitive function. In other words, it appears their minds give out before their bodies do. On the other hand, the death rate from flu dropped from 7.4 percent in 2000 to 4.1 percent in 2014. That pushed flu from the third leading cause of death to the fifth.Overall, the total number of centenarians is going up. In 2014, there were 72,197 centenarians, compared to 50,281 in 2000. But because this population is getting larger, the number of deaths in this group is also increasing --18,434 centenarians died in 2000, whereas 25,914 died in 2014.13. What does the speaker say about the risk of dying for American centenarians in recent years?14. What does the speaker say about Alzheimer's disease?15. What is characteristic of people who live up to 100 years and beyond?Section CQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.Okay. So let's get started. And to start things off I think what we need to do is consider a definition. I'm going to define what love is but then most of the experiments I'm going to talk about are really focused more on attraction than love. And I'm going to pick a definition from a former colleague, Robert Sternberg, who is now the dean at Tufts University but was here on our faculty at Yale for nearly thirty years. And he has a theory of love that argues that it's made up of three components: intimacy, passion, and commitment, or what is sometimes called decision commitment. And these are relatively straightforward. He argued that you don't have love if you don't have all three of these elements.Intimacy is the feeling of closeness, of connectedness with someone, of bonding. Operationally, you could think of intimacy as you share secrets, you share information with this person that you don't share with anybody else. Okay. That's really what intimacy is, the bond that comes from sharing information that isn't shared with other people. The second element is passion. Passion is the drive that leads to romance. You can think of it as physical attraction. And Sternberg argues that this is a required component of a love relationship. The third element of love in Sternberg's theory is what he calls decision commitment, the decision that one is in a love relationship, the willingness to label it as such, and a commitment to maintain that relationship at least for some period of time. Sternberg would argue it's not love if you don't call it love and if you don't have some desire to maintain the relationship. So if you have all three of these, intimacy, passion and commitment, in Sternberg's theory you have love. Now what's interesting about the theory is what do you have if you only have one out of three or two out of three? What do you have and how is it different if you have a different two out of three? What's interesting about this kind of theorizing is it gives rise to many different combinations that can be quite interesting when you break them down and start to look at them carefully. So what I've done is I've taken Sternberg's three elements of love, intimacy, passion and commitment, and I've listed out the different kinds of relationships you would have if you had zero, one, two or three out of the three elements.16. What does the speaker say about most of the experiments mentioned in his talk?17. What does Robert Sternberg argue about love?18. What question does the speaker think is interesting about Sternberg's three elements of love?Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.Hi, I'm Elizabeth Hoffler, Master of Social Work. I'm a social worker, a lobbyist and a special assistant to the Executive Director at the National Association of Social Workers. Today we are going to be talking about becoming a social worker. Social work is the helping profession. Its primary mission is to enhance human well-being and help meet the basic needs of all people, with a particular focus on those who are vulnerable, oppressed, and living in poverty. We often deal with complex human needs. Social work is different from other professions, because we focus on the person and environment. We deal with the external factors that impact a person's situation and outlook. And we create opportunity for assessment and intervention to help clients and communities cope effectively with their reality and change that reality when necessary.In thousands of ways social workers help other people --people from every age, every background, across the country. Wherever needed, social workers come to help. The most well-known aspect of the profession is that of a social safety net. We help guide people to critical resources and counsel them on life-changing decisions. There are more than six hundred thousand professional social workers in the country, and we all either have a bachelor's degree, a master's degree, or a PhD in social work. There are more clinically-trained social workers than clinically-trained psychiatrists, psychologists and psychiatric nurses combined.Throughout this series, you will learn more about the profession, the necessary steps to get a social work degree, the rich history of social work and many ways that social workers help others.Later in this series, you'll hear from Stacy Collins and Mel Wilson, fellow social workers at the National Association of Social Workers. Stacy is going to walk you through the step-by-step process of becoming a social worker, and Mel will tell you about the range of options you have once you get your social work degree, as well as the high standards of responsibility that social workers must adhere to.The National Association of Social Workers represents nearly 145,000 social workers across the country. Our mission is to promote, protect and advance the social work profession. We hope you enjoy this series about how you can make a difference by becoming a social worker. Next, we are going to talk about choosing social work.19. What does the speaker mainly talk about?20. What do social workers mainly do?21. What do professional social workers have in common according to the speaker?22. What is Mell Wilson going to talk about in the series?Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.Today, I'd like to talk about what happens when celebrity role models get behind healthy habits but at the same time promote junk food? Currently, there is mounting criticism of Michelle Obama's “Let's Move!” campaign, which fights childhood obesity by encouraging youngsters to become more physically active, and has signed on singer Beyoncé, and basketball player Shaquille O'Neal, both of whom also endorse sodas, which are a major contributor to the obesity epidemic. Now there's a lot more evidence of how powerful a celebrity -- especially a professional athlete --can be in influencing children's behavior.In a report published by the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale University, researchers studied 100 professional athletes and their endorsement contracts. The team focused on athletes since they are theoretically the best role models for active, healthy lifestyles for children. After sorting the deals by category, they determined that among the 512 brands associated with the athletes, most involved sporting goods, followed closely by food and beverage brands.Sports drinks, which are often high in sugar and calories, made up most of the food and drink deals, with soft drinks and fast food filling out the remainder. Of the 46 beverages endorsed by professional athletes, 93% relied exclusively on sugar for all of their calories.It's no surprise that high profile athletes can influence children's eating behaviors, but the scientists were able to quantify how prevalent these endorsements are in the children's environment. Advertisements featuring professional athletes and their endorsed products tend to get impressive exposure, on TV, radio, in print and online. And in 2010, the researchers reported that children ages 12 to 17 saw more athlete-endorsed food and beverage brand commercials than adults.One reason any campaign wants a popular celebrity spokesperson is because kids are attracted to them no matter what they are doing. We can't expect kids to turn off that admiration when the same person is selling sugar. At best, kids might be confused. At worst, they'll think themessages about soda are the same as the messages about water. But those two beverages aren't the same.If children are turning to athletes as role models, it's in their best interest if their idols are consistent. Consistent messaging of positive behaviors will show healthier lifestyles for kids to follow.23. What is the aim of Michelle Obama's campaign?24. What does research find about advertisements featuring professional athletes?25. What does the speaker think kids' idols should do?This is the end of Listening Comprehension.。
2016年英语六级考试听力样题及答案
2016年英语六级考试听力样题及答案Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear some questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Conversation OneQuestions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) He invented the refrigerator.B) He patented his first invention.C) He was admitted to a university.D) He got a degree in Mathematics.2. A) He started to work on refrigeration.B) He became a professor of Mathematics.C) He fell in love with Natasha Willoughby.D) He distinguished himself in low temperature physics.3. A) Discovering the true nature of subatomic particles.B) Their explanation of the laws of cause and effect.C) Their work on very high frequency radio waves.D) Laying the foundations of modern mathematics.4. A) To have a three-week holiday.B) To spend his remaining years.C) To patent his inventions.D) To teach at a university.Conversation TwoQuestions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) The injury of some students.B) A school bus crash on the way.C) The collapse of a school building.D) A fire that broke out on a school campus.6. A) Teaching.B) On vacation.C) Having lunch.D) Holding a meeting.7. A) A malfunctioning stove.B) Cigarettes butts left by workers.C) Violation of traffic rules.D) Negligence in school maintenance.8. A) Sent a story to the local newspaper.B) Threw a small Thanksgiving party.C) Baked some cookies as a present.D) Wrote a personal letter of thanks.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) It is a trait of a generous character.B) It is a reflection of self-esteem.C) It is an indicator of high intelligence.D) It is a sign of happiness and confidence.10. A) It was self-defeating.B) It was aggressive.C) It was the essence of comedy.D) It was something admirable.11. A) It is a double-edged sword.B) It is a feature of a given culture.C) It is a unique gift of human beings.D) It is a result of both nature and nurture.Passage TwoQuestions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) She is a tourist guide.B) She is an interpreter.C) She is a domestic servant.D) She is from the royal family.13. A) It is situated at the foot of a beautiful mountain.B) It was used by the family to hold dinner parties.C) It was frequently visited by heads of state.D) It is furnished like one in a royal palace.14. A) It is elaborately decorated.B) It has survived some 2,000 years.C) It is very big, with only six slim legs.D) It is shaped like an ancient Spanish boat.15. A) They are interesting to look at.B) They have lost some of their legs.C) They do not match the oval table at all.D) They are uncomfortable to sit in for long.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear recordings of lectures or talks followed by some questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 16 to 19.。
12月大学英语六级真题参考答案第二套
12月大学英语六级真题参考答案第二套2016年12月大学英语六级真题参考答案（第二套）英语六级考试包括了写作、听力、阅读理解和翻译四个部分。
下面是店铺整理的2016年12月大学英语六级第二套真题参考答案，欢迎阅读!写作参考答案In accordance to the definition in Oxford Dictionary, creation refers to the act or process of making something that is new, or of causing something to exist that did not exist before.In fact, today it is impossibly difficult for us to image a 21st century without creation .We should place a high value on creation firstly because creative spirit can enable an individual to ameliorate himself, so he can be equipped with capacity to see what others cannot see, be qualified for future career promotion, and be ready for meeting the forthcoming challenges. What’s more, we ought to attach importance to the role played by creation in economic advancement. Put it another way, in this ever-changing world, creation to economic growth is what water is to fish. To sum up, if creation misses our attention in any possible way, we will suffer a great loss beyond imagination.In order to encourage creation, it is wise for us to take some feasible measures. For example, mass media should greatly publicize the significance of creativity and encourage the public to cultivate awareness of creation. Besides, those who manage to create should be awarded generous prize. Though there is a long way ahead to go, I am firmly certain that the shared efforts will be paid off.听力参考答案：01-04：ABCD05-08：ABBC09-11：CDB12-15：ADAC16-18：ABC19-22：DDCD23-25：BDA阅读理解答案选词填空26.G hypotheses27.C convincing28.A arena29.B contextual30.I incorporate31.D devoted32.N reaping33.E digits34.M pride35. F hasten段落匹配Are We in an Innovaton Lull?36. D.37. K.38. B.39. L.40. F.41. A42. H.43. E.44. F.45. C.仔细阅读passage 146. A it is unfair to those climate-venerable nations.47.C They hardly pay anything for the problem they have caused48.C They have to bear consequences they are not responsible for49.B There is no final agreement on where it will come from50. D putting in effect the policies in the agreement at oncepassage 251.C Teenagers’ mental problems are often too conspicuous not to be observed.52. D Many hitherto unobserved youngsters may have psychological problems53. B Their behaviors do not constitute a warning signal.54.A They are almost as liable to depression as the high-risk group55. B it provides new early-warning signals for identifying teens in trouble.翻译参考答案：As China’s economy booms, there is a dramatic increase in the number of people learning Chinese, which makes it become one of the most popular languages. In recent years, international ranks of Chinese universities have apparently boosted. Owing to the progress of Chinese education, it is not odd that China has become one of the most favorite destinations for oversea students studying abroad. In 2015, around four hundred thousand international students piled into China to study. What they learn is no more limited to the subjects of Chinese andChinese culture, they also learn science and engineering. In the global education market, America and Britain still play dominant roles, while China is catching up.。
2016年12月六级真题(第二套)
2016年12月大学英语六级考试（第2套）Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on creation. Your essay should include the importance of creation and measures to be taken to encourage creation. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A. They were proud of their cuisine.B. They were particular about food.C. They were all good at cooking.D. They were fond of bacon and eggs.2. A. His parents.B. His friends.C. His parents' friends.D. His schoolmates.3. A. No one of the group ate it.B. It was a little overcooked.C. No tea was served with the meal.D. It was the real English breakfast.4. A. It was full of excitement.B. It was rather disappointing.C. It was a risky experience.D. It was really extraordinary.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A. The woman's earnings over the years.B. The key to running a shop at a low cost.C. The business success of the woman's shop.D. The woman's relationship with other shops.6. A. Keep down its expenses.B. Expand its business scale.C. Improve its customer service.D. Upgrade the goods it sells.7. A. They are in great demand.B. They are delivered free of charge.C. They are very-popular with the local residents.D. They are sold at lower prices than in other shops.8. A. To maintain friendly relationships with other shops.B. To avoid being put out of business in competition.C. To attract more customers in the neighborhood.D. To follow the custom of the local shopkeepers.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A. They are on the verge of extinction because of pollution.B. They carry plant seeds and spread them to faraway places.C. They deliver pollutants from the ocean to their nesting sites.D. They can be used to deliver messages in times of emergency.10. A. They originate from Devon Island in the Arctic area.B. They migrate to the Arctic Circle during the summer.C. They have the ability to survive in extreme weathers.D. They travel as far as 400 kilometers in search of food.11. A. They had become more poisonous.B. They were carried by the wind.C. They poisoned some of the fulmars.D. They were less than on the continent.12. A. The effects of the changing climate on Arctic seabirds.B. The harm Arctic seabirds may cause to humans.C. The diminishing colonies for Arctic seabirds.D. The threats humans pose to Arctic seabirds.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13. A. It has remained basically the same.B. It has become better understood.C. It has been exaggerated.D. It has decreased.14. A. It is now the second leading cause of death for centenarians.B. It develops more easily in centenarians not actively engaged.C. It calls for more intensive research.D. It has had no effective cure so far.15. A. They cherish their life more than ever.B. Their minds fall before their bodies do.C. Their quality of life deteriorates rapidly.D. They care more about their physical health.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A. They form the basis on which he builds his theory of love.B. They were carried out over a period of some thirty years.C. They were done by his former colleague at Yale.D. They are focused more on attraction than love.17. A. The relationship cannot last long if no passion is involved.B. It is not love if you don't wish to maintain the relationship.C. Romance is just impossible without mutual understanding.D. Intimacy is essential but not absolutely indispensable to love.18. A. Whether it is true love without commitment.B. Which of them is considered most important.C. How the relationship is to be defined if any one is missing.D. When the absence of any one doesn't affect the relationship.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A. The history of social work.B. Social work as a profession.C. Academic degrees required of social work applicants.D. The aim of the National Association of Social Workers.20. A. They try to change people's social behavior.B. They raise people's awareness of the environment.C. They create a lot of opportunities for the unemployed.D. They help enhance the well-being of the underprivileged.21. A. They have all made a difference through their work.B. They are all members of the National Association.C. They all have an academic degree in social work.D. They have all received strict clinical training.22. A. Social workers' job options and responsibilities.B. Ways for social workers to meet people's needs.C. The importance of training for social workers.D. The promotion of social workers' social status.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A. To fight childhood obesity.B. To help disadvantaged kids.C. To urge kids to follow their role models.D. To encourage kids to play more sports.24. A. They are most effective when appearing on TV.B. They best boost product sales when put online.C. They are becoming more and more prevalent.D. They impress kids more than they do adults.25. A. Do what they advocate in public.B. Always place kids' interest first.C. Pay attention to their image before children.D. Message positive behaviors at all times.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select out one word for each blank from a lot of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each itemon Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Small communities, with their distinctive character—where life is stable and intensely human—are disappearing. Some have __26____ from the face of the earth, others are dying slowly, but all have ___27___ changes as they have come into contact with an ___28___ machine civilization. The merging of diverse peoples into a common mass has produced tension among members of the minorities and the majority alike.The Old Order Amish, who arrived on American shores in colonial times, have ___29___ in the modern world in distinctive, small communities. They have resisted the homogenization ___30___ more successfully than others. In planting and harvest times one can see their bearded men working the fields with horses and their women hanging out the laundry in neat rows to dry. Many American people have seen Amish families with the men wearing broad-brimmed black hats and the women in long dresses. In railway or bus ___31___.Although the Amish have lived with ___32___ America for over two and a half centuries. They have moderated its influence on their personal lives, their families, communities, and their values.The Amish are often ___33___ by other Americans to be relics of the past who live a simple, inflexible life dedicated to inconvenient out-dated customs. They are seen as abandoning both modem ___34___ and the American dream of success and progress, But most people have no quarrel with the Amish for doing things the old-fashioned way. Their conscientious objection was tolerated in wartime. For after all. They are good farmers who ___35___ the virtues of work and thrift.A)accessing I)progressB)conveniences J)respectiveC)destined K)survivedD)expanding L)terminalsE)industrialized M)undergoneF)perceived N)universalG)practice O)vanishedH)processSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Countries Rush for Upper Hand in AntarcticaA) On a glacier-filled island with fjords（峡湾）and elephant seals, Russia has built Antarctica’s first Orthodox church on a bill overlooking its research base. Less than an hour away by snowmobile. Chinese laborers have updated the Great Wall Station, a vital part of China’s plan to operate five basses on Antarctica, complete with an indoor badminton court and sleeping quarters for 150 peop le. Not to be outdone, India’s futuristic new Bharathi base, built on stills（桩子）using 134 interlocking shipping containers, resembles a spaceship. Turkey and Iran have announced plans to build bases, too.B) More than a century has passed since explorers raced to plant their flags at the bottom of the world, and for decades to come this continent is supposed to be protected as a scientific preserve, shielded from intrusions like military activities and mining . But an array of countries are rushing to assert greater influence here, with an eye not just towards the day those protective treaties expire, but also for the strategic and commercial that already exist.C) The newer players are stepping into what they view as a treasure house of resources. Some of the ventures focus on the Antarctic resources that are already up for grabs, like abundant sea life. South Korea, which operates state-of–the-art bases here, is increasing its fishing of krill（磷虾），found in abundance in the Southern Ocean, while Russia recen tly frustrated efforts to create one of the world’s largest ocean sanctuaries here.D) Some scientists are examining the potential for harvesting icebergs form Antarctica, which is estimated to have the biggest reserves of fresh water on the planet. Nations are also pressing ahead with space research and satellite projects to expand their global navigation abilities.E) Building on a Soviet-era foothold, Russia is expanding its monitoring stations for Glonass, its version of the Global Positioning System(GPS). At least three Russian stations are already operating in Antarctica, part of its effort to challenge the dominance of the American GPS, and new stations are planned for sites like the Russian base, in the shadow of the Orthodox Church of the Holy Trinity.F) Elsewhere in Antarctica, Russian researchers boast of their recent discovery of a freshwater reserve the size of Lake Ontario after drilling through miles of solid ice. “You can see that we’re here to stay,” said Vladimir Cheberdak, 57, chief of the Bellingshausen Station, as he sipped tea under a portrait of Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen, a high-ranking officer in the Imperial Russian Navy who explored the Antarctic coast in 1820.G) Antarctica’s mineral, oil and gas wealth are a longer-term prize. The treaty banning mining here, shielding coveted(令人垂诞的)reserves of iron ore, coal and chromium, comes up for review in 2048. Researchers recently found kimberlite(金伯利岩) deposits hinting at the existence of diamonds. And while assessments vary widely, geologists estimate that Antarctica holds at least 36 billion barrels of oil and natural gas.H) Beyond the Antarctic treaties, huge obstacles persist to tapping these resources, like drifting icebergs that could jeopardize offshore platforms. Then there is Antarctic’s remoteness, with some mineral deposits found in windswept locations on a continent that is larger the Europe and where winter temperatures hover around minus 55 degrees Celsius.I) But advances in technology might make Antarctica a lot more accessible three decades from now. And even before then, scholars warn, the demand for resources in an energy-hungry world could raise pressure to renegotiate Antarctica’s treaties, possibly allowing more commercial endeavours here well before the prohibit ions against them expire. The research stations on King George lsland offer a glimpse into the long game on this ice-blanketed continent as nations assert themselves, eroding the sway long held by countries like the United States, Britain. Australia and New Zealand.J) Being stationed in Antarctica involves adapting to life on the planet’s driest, windiest and coldest continent, yet each nation manages to make itself at home. Bearded Russian priests offer regular services at the Orthodox church for the 16 or so Russian speakers who spend the winter at the base, largely polar scientists in fields like glaciology and meteorology. Their number climbs to about 40 in the warmer summer months. China has arguably the fastest growing operations in Antarctica. It opened its fourth station last year and is pressing ahead with plans to build a fifth. It is building its second ice-breaking ship and setting up research drilling operations on an ice dome 13,422 feet above sea level that is one the planet’s coldest places. Chinese officials say the expansion in Antarctica prioritises scientific research. But they also acknowledge that concerns about “resource security” influence their moves.K) China’s newly renovated Great Wall Station on King George lsland makes the Russia n and Chilean bases here seem outdated. ”We do weather monitoring here and other research.” Ning Xu, 53, the chief of the Chinese base, said over tea during a fierce blizzard(暴风雪) in late November. The large base he leads resembles a snowed-in college campus on holiday break, with the capacity to sleep more than 10 times the 13 people who were staying on through the Antarctic winter. Yong Yu, a Chinese microbiologist, showed off the spacious building, with empty desks under an illustrated timeline detailing the rapid growth of China’s Antarctic operations since the 1980s “We now feel equipped to grow,” he said.L) As some countries expand operations in Antarctica, the United States maintains three year-round stations on the continent with more than 1,000 peo ple during the southern hemisphere’s summer, including those at the Amundsen Scott station, built in 1956 at an elevation of 9,301 feet on a plateau at the South Pole. But US researchers quietly complain about budget restraints and having far fewer icebreakers the Russia, limiting the reach of the United States in Antarctica.M) Scholars warn that Antarctica’s political drift could blur the distinction between military and civilian activities long before the continent’s treaties come up for renegotiation, e specially in parts of Antarctica that are ideal for intercepting(拦截) signals from satellites or retasking satellite systems, potentially enhancing global electronic intelligence operations.N) Some countries have had a hard time here, Brazil opened a research station in 1984, but it was largely destroyed by a fire that killed two members of the navy in 2012, the same year that a diesel-laden Brazilian barge sank near the base. As if that were not enough. a Brazilian C-130 Hercules military transport plane has remained stranded near the runway of Chile’s air base here since it crash-landed in 2014.O) However, Brazil’s stretch of misfortune has created opportunities for China, with a Chinese company winning the $100 million contract in 2015 to rebuild the Brazilian station.P) Amid all the changes, Antarctica maintains its allure. South Korea opened its second Antarctic research base in 2014, describing it as a way to test robots developed by Korean researchers for use in extreme conditions. With Russia’s help, Belarus is preparing to build this first Antarctic base. Colombia said this year that it planned to join other South American nations with bases in Antarctica.Q) “The old days of the Antarctic being dominated by the interests and wishes of white men fro m European. Australasian and North American states are over.” Said Klaus Dodds, a politics scholar at the University of London who specialises in Antarctica. “The reality is that Antarctica is geopolitically contested.”36. According to Chinese officials, their activities in Antarctica lay greater emphasis on scientific research.37. Efforts to create one of the world’s largest ocean sanctuaries failed because of Russia’s obstruction.38. With several monitoring stations operating in Antarctica, Russia is t rying hard to counter America’s dominance in the field of worldwide navigational facilities.39. According to geologists’ estimates. Antarctica has enormous reserves of oil and natural gas.40. It is estimated that Antarctica boasts of the richest reserves of fresh water on earth.41. The demand for energy resources may compel renegotiation of Antarctica’s treaties before their expiration.42. Many countries are racing against each other to increase their business and strategic influence on Antarctica.43. Antarctica’s harsh natural conditions constitute huge obstacles to the exploitation of its resources.44. With competition from many countries, Antarctica is no longer dominated by the traditional white nations.45. American scientists complain about lack of sufficient money and equipment for their expansion in Antarctica. Passage oneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Any veteran nicotine addict will testify that fancy packaging plays no role in the decision to keep smoking. So, it is argued, stripping cartons of their branding will trigger no mass movement to quit.But that isn’t why the government—under pressure from cancer charities, health workers and the Labour party—has agreed to legislate for standardized packaging. The theory is that smoking should be stripped of any appeal to discourage new generations from starting in the first place. Plain packaging would be another step in the reclassification of cigarettes from inviting consumer products to narcotics（麻醉剂）.Naturally, the tobacco industry is violently opposed. No business likes to admit that it sells addictive poison as a lifestyle choice. That is why government has historically intervened, banning advertising, imposing health warnings and punitive(惩罚性的) duties. This approach has led over time to a fall in smoking with numbers having roughly halved since the 1970s. Evidence from Australia suggests plain packaging pushes society further along that road. Since tobacco as one of the biggest causes of premature death in the UK, a measure that tames the habit even by a fraction is worth trying.So why has it taken so long? The Department of Health declared its intention to consider the move in November 2010 and consulted through 2012. But the plan was suspended in July 2013. It did not escape notice that a lobbying firm set up by Lynton Crosby, David Cameron’s election campaign director, had previously acted for Philip Morris International. (The prime minister denied there was a connection between his news adviser’s outside interests and the change in legislative programme.) In November 2013, after an unnecessary round of additional consultation, health minister Jane Ellison said the government was minded to proceed after all. Now we are told Members of Parliament (MPs) will have a free voice before parliament is dissolved in March.Parliament has in fact already authorised the government to tame the tobacco trade. MPs voted overwhelmingly in favour of Labour amendments to the children and families bill last February that included the power to regulate for plain packaging. With sufficient will in Downing Street this would have been done already. But strength of will is the missing ingredient where Mr. Cameron and public health are concerned. His attitude to state intervention has looked confused ever since his bizarre 2006lament(叹息) that chocolate oranges placed seductively at supermarket check-outs fueled obesity.The government has moved reluctantly into a sensible public health policy, but with such obvious over-cautiousness that any political credit due belongs to the opposition. Without sustained external pressure it seems certain Mr. Cameron would still be hooked on the interests of big tobacco companies.46. What do chain smokers think of cigarette packaging?A) Fancy packaging can help to engage new smokers.B) It has little to do with the quality or taste of cigarettes.C) Plain packaging discourages non-smokers from taking up smoking.D) It has little impact on their decision whether or not to quit smoking.47. What has the UK government agreed to do concerning tobacco packaging?A) Pass a law to standardise cigarette packaging.B) Rid cigarette cartons of all advertisements.C) Subsidise companies to adopt plain packaging.D) Reclassify cigarettes according to packaging.48. What has happened in Australia where plain packaging is implemented?A) Premature death rates resulting from smoking have declined.B) The number of smokers has dropped more sharply than in the UK.C) The sales of tobacco substitutes have increased considerably.D) Cigarette sales have been falling far more quickly than in the UK.49. Why it taken so long for the UK government to consider plain packaging?A) Prime Minister Cameron has been reluctant to take action.B) There is strong opposition from veteran nicotine addicts.C) Many Members of Parliament are addicted to smoking.D) Pressure from tobacco manufacturers remains strong.50. What did Cameron say about chocolate oranges at supermarket checkouts?A) They fueled a lot of controversy.B) They made more British people obese.C) They attracted a lot of smokers.D) They had certain ingredients missing.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.What a waste of money!In return for an averageof£44,000 of debt,students get an average of only 14 hours of lecture and tutorial time a week in Britain. Annual fees have risen from£1,000 to $9,000 in the last decade. But contact time at university has barely risen at all. And graduating doesn’t even provide any guarantee of a decent job:sixin ten graduates today are in non-graduate jobs.No wonder it has become fashionable to denounce many universities as little more that elaborate com-tricks(骗术). There’s a lotfor students to complain about the repayment threshold for paying back loans will be frozen for five years, meaning that lower-paid graduals have to start repaying their loans, and maintenance grants have been replaced by loans meaning that students from poorer backgrounds face higher debt than those with wealthier parents.Yet it still pa ys to go to university. If going to university doesn’t work out, students pay very little—if any—of their tuition fees back, you only start repaying when you are earning £21, 000 a year. Almost half of graduates—thosewho go on to earn less—will have a por tion of their debt written off. It’s not just the lectures and tutorials that are important. Education is the sum of what students teach each other in between lectures and seminars. Students do not merely benefit while at university, studies show they go on to be healthier and happier than non-graduates, and also far more likely to vote.Whatever your talents, it is extraordinarily difficult to get a leading job in most fields without having been to university. Recruiters circle elite universities like vulturous(兀鹰). Many top firms will not even look at applications from those who lack a 2.1, i.e., an upper-second class degree, from an elite university. Students at university also meet those likely to be in leading jobs in the future, forming contacts for life. This might not be right, but school-leavers who fail to acknowledge as much risk making the wrong decision about going to university.Perhaps the reason why so many universities offer their students so little is they know studying at a top university remains a brilliant investment even if you don’t learn anything.Studying at university will only become less attractive if employers shift their focus away from where someone went to university—and there is no sign of that happening anytime soon. School-leavers may moan, but they have little choice but to embrace university and the student debt that comes with it.51. What is the author’s opinion of going to university?A) It is worthwhile after all.B) It is simply a waste of time.C) It is hard to say whether it is good or bad.D) It is too expensive for most young people.52. What does the author say about the employment situation of British university graduates?A) Few of them are satisfied with the jobs they are offered.B) It usually takes a long time for them to find a decent job.C) Graduates from elite universities usually can get decent jobs.D) Most of them take jobs which don’t require a college degree.53. What does the author say is important for university students besides classroom instruction?A) Making sure to obtain an upper-second class degree.B) Practical skills they will need in their future careers.C) Interactions among themselves outside the classroom.D) Developing independent and creative thinking abilities.54. What is said to be an advantage of going to university?A) Learning how to take risks in an ever-changing world.B) Meeting people who will be helpful to you in the future.C) Having opportunities of playing a leading role in society.D) Gaining up-to-date knowledge in science and technology.55. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A) It is natural for students to make complaints about university education.B) Few students are willing to bear the burden of debt incurred at university.C) University education is becoming attractive to students who can afford it.D) The prestige of the university influences employers’ recruitment decisions.Part IV Translation (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.随着中国经济的蓬勃发展，学汉语的人数迅速增加，使汉语成了世界上人们最爱学的语言之一。
2016年12月大学英语六级真题及答案（完整版））
It is universally acknowledged that innova on refers to being crea ve, unique and different. In fact, today it is impossibly difficult for us to image a 21st century without innova on.
And for this to happen, we may need ac on on a global scale from a poli cal perspec ve. We need to understand the terms on which major countries like China and the USA might sign up to a global agreement because at the moment we don't have that consensus.
【参考译文】
众所周知创新意味着有创造力，独一无二和不同。事实上，今天我们已经很难想想 一个没有创新的 21 世纪。
我们应该重视创新首先是因为创新精神可以让一个人完善自身，这样他才能具备见 他人所未见的能力，未来才有资格得到职业生涯的进步，才能做好准备迎接以后的挑战。 另外，我们也应该重视创新在经济发展方面的作用。在这个多变的时代，创新对于经济 增长就像水对于鱼一样重要。换言之，如果我们以任何可能的形式无视创新的重要性， 我们将遭受非常巨大的损失。
B Cut down energy consump on.
C Plan well in advance.
D Adopt new technology.
2016年12月大学英语六级听力真题及答案
2016 年 12 月大学英语六级听力真题及答案（第二套）听力稿原文Section A NEWS News1 A 16th century castle in Scotland is on the verge of collapse after chunks of soil were washed away by floods, threatening its foundations. On Sunday, the castle's owner, John Gordon, 76, was forced to evacuate his property after the River Dee swept away about 60 feet of land, leaving the castle dangerously close to the river, according to the Scottish Daily Record. Abergeldie castle, located in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, was built by Sir Alexander Gordon of Midmar who later became the Earl of Huntly. The castle, which is located on 11,700 acres, was leased to members of the royal family between 1848 and 1970, including King Edward VII and George V. The Scottish Environment Protection Agency has issued more than 35 flood warnings covering several regions as Scotland continues to clean up after Storm Frank hit the country last Wednesday. "This means that rivers will rise more slowly but then stay high for much longer," the environmental agency said. Q1. Why did John Gordon move out of Abergeldie castle? A. It was dangerous to live in. B. It was going to be renovated. C. He could no longer pay the rent. D. He had sold it to the royal family. 答案:A Q2. What happenedin Scotland last Wednesday? A. A strike. B. A storm C. A forest fire. D. A terrorist attack. 答案:B News2 Rescue efforts were underway Thursday morning for 17 miners who were stuck in an elevator below ground. a Cargill rock salt mine in Lansing, N.Y. ccording to Marcia Lynch, public information officer with Tompkins County’s emergency response department. Emergency workers have made contact with the miners through a radio, and they all appear to be uninjured, said Jessica Verfuss, the emergency department’s assistant director.Crews have managed to provide heat packs and blankets to the miners so that they can keep warm during the rescue operation, Verfuss said. Details about what led to the workers’ being trapped in the elevator weren’t immediately available. The mine, near New York's Cayuga Lake, processes salt used for road treatment. It produces about 2 million tons of salt that is shipped to more than 1,500places in the northeastern United States.The rock salt mine is one of three operated by Cargill, with the other two beingin Louisiana and Ohio. Q3. What does the news report say about the salt miners? A. They lost contact with the emergency department. B. They were trapped in an underground elevator. C. They were injured by suddenly falling rocks. D. They sent calls for help via a portable radio. 答案 B Q4. What did the rescue team do? A. They tried hard to repair the elevator. B. They released the details of the accident. C. They sent supplies to keep the miners warm. D. They provided the miners with food and water. 答案 C News3 The U.S. Postal Service announced today that it is considering closing about 3,700 post offices over the next year because of falling revenues. Facing an $8.3 billion budget deficit this year, closing post offices is one of several proposals the Postal Service has put forth recently to cut costs. Last week for example, Postmaster General Pat Donahoe announced plans to stop mail delivery on Saturdays, a move he says could save $3 billion annually. "We are losing revenue as we speak," Donahoe said. "We do not want taxpayer money. We want to be self-sufficient. So like any other business, you have to make choices." Dean Granholm, the vice president for delivery and post office operations, said the first wave of closings would begin this fall.He estimated that about 3,000 postmasters, 500 station managers and between 500 and 1,000 postal clerks could lose their jobs. Q5. What is the US Postal Service planning to do? A. Raise postage rates. B. Improve its services. C. Redesign delivery routes. D. Close some of its post office. 答案 D Q6. What measure has been planned to save costs? A. Shortening business hours. B. Closing offices on holidays. C. Stopping mail delivery on Saturdays. D. Computerising mail sorting processes. 答案 C Q7. What will happen when the proposed measure comes into effect? A. Many post office staff will lose their jobs. B. Many people will begin to complain. C. Taxpayers will be very pleased. D. A lot of controversy will arise.答案 A Section B Conversation conversation 1 M: Mrs. Hampton, we’ve got trouble in the press room this morning. W: Oh, dear. What it about? M: One of the press operators arrived one hour and half late. W: But that’s a straightforward affair. He will simply lose part of his pay. That’s why we have a clock-in system. M: But the point is the man was clocked in at eight o’clock. We have John standing by the time clock and he swears he saw nothing irregular. W: Is John reliable? M: Yes, he is. That’s why we chose him for the job. W: Have you spoken to the man who is late? M: Not yet. I thought I’d have a word with you first. He is a difficult man and I think there has been some trouble on the shop floor. I’ve got a feeling that a trade union representative is behind this. The manager told me that Jack Green’s been very active around the shop the last few days. W: Well. What do you want me to do? M: I was wondering if you’d see Smith, the man who was late, because you are so much better at handling things like this. W: Oh, all right. I will see him. I must say I agree with you about there being bad feelings in the works. I’ve have the idea for sometime that Jack Green’s been busy stirring things up in connection with the latest wage claim. He’s always tried to make trouble. Well, I will get the manager to send Smith up here. Q8. What will happen to the press operator who is late for work according to the woman? Q9. What does the man say about John who stands by the time clock? Q10. Why does the man suggest the woman see the worker who was late?Q11. What does the woman say about Jack Green?conversation 2 W: Our topic today is about something that foreigners nearly always say when they visit Britain. It’s why are the British so cold and they are talking about the British personality, the famous British reserve. It means that we aren’t very friendly； we aren’t very open. M: So do you think it is true? W: it is a difficult one. So many people who visit Britain say it’s difficult to make friends with British people. They say we are cold, reserved and unfriendly. M: I think it’s true. Look at Americans or Australians. They speak the same language, but they are much more open. And you see it when you travel, people, I mean strangers speak to you on the street or on the train. British people seldom speak on the train or the bus not in London anyway. W: Not in London. That’s it. Capital cities are full of tourists and are never friendly. People are different in other parts of the country. M: Not completely. I met a woman once, an Italian. She has been working in Manchester for 2 years and no one, not one of the colleagues had ever invited her to their home. They were friendly to her at work but nothing else. She can’t believe it. She said that it would never happen in Italy. W: You know what they says. An Englishman’s home is his castle. It is really difficult to get inside. M: Yeah it’s about being private. You go home to your house and your garden and you close the door. It’s your place. W: That’s why the British don’t like flats. They prefer to living in the houses. M: That’s true.Q12 What do foreigners generally think of British people according to the woman? Q13 What may British people typically do on train according to the man? Q14 What does the man say about the Italian woman working in Manchester? Q15 Why do British people prefer houses to flats?Section C Passage Passage1 In college, time is scarce and consequently very precious. At the same time, expenses in college pile up surprisingly quickly. A part-time job is a good way to balance costs while insuring there is enough time left over for both academic subjects and after-class activities. If you are a college student looking for a part-time job, the best place to start your job search is right on campus. There are tons of on-campus job opportunities and as a student, you’ll automatically be given hiring priority. Plus, on-campus jobs eliminate commuting time, and could be a great way to connect with academic and professional resources at your university. Check with your school’s career service or employment office for help to find a campus job. Of course, there are opportunities for part-time work off campus, too. If you spend a little time digging for the right part-time jobs, you’ll save yourself time when you find a job that leaves you with enough time to get your schoolwork done, too. If you were a college student looking for work, but worried you won’t have enough time to devote to academic subjects, consider working as a study hall or library monitor. Responsibility is generally include supervising study spaces, to insure that a quiet atmosphere is maintained. It’s a pretty easy job. But one with lots of done time, which means you’ll have plenty of time to catch up on reading, do homework or study for an exam.16. What does the speaker say about college students applying for on campus jobs? 17. What can students do to find a campus job according to the speaker? 18. What does the speaker say is a library monitor’s responsibility?Passage2 Agricultural workers in green tea fields near Mountain Kenya are gathering the tea leaves. It is beautiful to see the rows of tea bushes are straight. All appears to be well. But the farmers who planted the bushes are worried.Nelson Kibara is one of them. He has been growing tea in the Kerugoya area for 40 years. He says the prices this year have been so low that he has made almost no profit. He says he must grow different kinds of tea if he is to survive. Mr. Kibara and hundreds of other farmers have been removing some of their tea bushes and planting a new kind of tea developed by the Tea Research Foundation of Kenya. Its leaves are purple and brown. When the tea is boiled, the drink has a purple color. Medical researchers have studied the health benefits of the new tea. They say it is healthier than green tea and could be sold for a price that is three to four times higher than the price of green tea. But Mr. Kibara says he has not received a higher price for his purple tea crop. He says the market for the tea is unstable and he is often forced to sell his purple tea for the same price as green tea leaves. He says there are not enough buyers willing to pay more for the purple tea. Q 19 Why have tea farmers in Kenya decided to grow purple tea? Q 20 What researchers say about the purple tea ? Q 21 What Mr. Kibara found about the purple tea?Passage3 Today's consumers want beautiful hand crafted s to wear and the help them to home. They prefer something unique and they demand quality. Craftsman today are meeting this demand, people in homes are showing great change as more and more unique handcrafted items become available. Handcrafts are big business, no longer does good craftsman have to work the job they dislikes all day, and then try to create at night. He has earned his professional status, he has now are respected member of the society. Part of the fun of being a craftsman is meeting other craftsman, they love to share their ideas and materials and help others find market for their work. Craftsman have helped educated consumers to make wise choices, they help them to become aware of design and the technique, they help them to relay their choices to its intended use. They often involve in the consumers in trying the craft themselves. When a group of craftsman expands to include more members, a small craftsman organization is formed, such organization does a lot in training work shops in special media and crafts marketing techniques, crafts fail in sales, first of all TV appearances and demonstrations. State art councils help sponsor local art and crafts festivals, which draw crowds in tourist consumers, this blew the local economy considerably because this not only by crafts but it also used by the restaurant and hotels and other services of the area Q22 what does the speaker say about today's consumers? Q23 what does the speaker say about the good craftsman in the past? Q24 what does craftsman help consumers do? Q25 why do state art councils help to sponsor local arts and crafts festivals?[/hide]听力参考答案：第一套 Section A1. [A] It was dangerous to live in. 2. [B] A storm 3. [B] They were trapped in an underground elevator. 4. [C] They sent supplies to keep the miners warm. 5. [D] Close some of its post office. 6. [C] Stopping mail delivery on Saturdays. 7. [A] Many post office staff will lose their jobs.Section B 8. [D] He will lose part of his pay. 9. [B] He is a trustworthy guy. 10.[D] She is better at handling such matters. 11.[C] He is always trying to stir up trouble. 12. [D] Reserved 13. [A] They stay quiet 14. [C] She was never invited to a colleague’s home. 15. [B] Houses provide more privacySection C 16. [D] They will automatically be given hiring priority. 17. [C] Visit the school careers service. 18. [B] Supervising study spaces to ensure a quiet atmosphere.19. [C] It may be sold at a higher price. 20. [A] It is healthier than green tee. 21. [D] It does not have a stable market. 22. [B] They prefer unique s of high quality. 23. [B] They could only try to create at night. 24. [A] Make wise choices. 25. [A] To boost the local economy.第二套 SectionA 1 [C] They were all good at cooking. 2 [C] His parents’s friends. 3 [A] No one of the group ate it. 4 [B] It was rather disappointing. 5 [C] The business success of the woman’s shop. 6 [A] Keep down its expense. 7 [D]They are sold at lower prices than in other shops. 8 [A] To maintain friendly relationship with other shops.Section B 9 [C]They deliver pollutants from the ocean to their nesting sites. 10[A]They originate from Devon Island in the Aretie area.11[B]They were carried by the wind. 12[C]The harm Arctic seabirds may cause to humans. 13[D]It has decreased. 14[A]It is now the second leading cause of death for centenarians. 15[D]Their minds fail before their bodies do.Section C 16[C]They are focused more on attraction than love. 17[C]It is not love if you don’t wish to maintain the relationship. 18[C]How the relationship is to be defined if any one is missing. 19[B]Social work as a profession. 20[D]They help enhance the well-being of the underprivileged. 21[C]They all have an academic degree in social work. 22[A]Social works’ job options and responsibilities. 23[A]To fight childhood obesity. 24[C]They impress kids more than they do adults. 25[D]Message positive behaviors at all times.。
2016年12月六级真题2（含答案）
2016年12⽉六级真题2（含答案）姓名:________学号:_________班级:_________2016年12⽉⼤学英语六级真题2Part1writing(30minutes)160;For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a short essay oninnovation.Your essay should include the importance of innovation and measures to be taken to encourage innovation.You are required to write at least150words but no more than200words.___________：M:Guess what?The worst food I′ve ever had was in France.W:Really?That′s odd.(1)I thought the French were all good cooks.M:Yes.That′s right.I suppose it′s really like anywhere else,though.You know,some places are good.Some bad.But it′s really all our own fault.W:What do you mean?M:Well,it was the first time I′d been to France.This was years ago when I was at school.(2)I went there with my parents′friends,from my father′s school.They′d hired a coach to take them to Switzerland.W:A school trip?M: Right.Most of them had never been abroad before.We′d crossed the English Channel at night,and we set off through France,and breakfast time arrived,and the coach driver had arranged for us to stop at this little cafe.There we all were,tired and hungry,and then we made the great discovery.W:What was that?M:Bacon and eggs.W:Fantastic! The real Englishbreakfast.M:Yes.Anyway,we didn′t know any better—so we had it,and ugh...!W:What was it like?Disgusting?M:Oh,it was incredible!They just got a bowl and put some fat in it.And then they put some bacon in the fat,broke an egg over thetop and put the whole lot in the oven for about ten minutes.W:In the oven!You′re joking.You can′t cook bacon and eggs in the oven!M:Well.They must have done it that way.It was hot,but it wasn′t cooked.There was just this egg floating about in gallonsof fat and raw bacon.W:(3-1)Did you actually eat it?M:(3-2)No!Nobody did.They all wanted to turn round and go home.You know,back to teabags and fish and chips.You can′t blame them really.Anyway,the next night we were all given another foreign speciality. W:What was that?M:(4)Snails.That really finished them off.Lovely holiday that was!PartⅡSection A Directions：In this section，you will hear8short conversations and2long conversations．At the end of each conversation，one or more questions will be asked about what was said．Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once．After each question there will be a pause．During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A)，B)，C)and D)，and decide which is the best answer．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre．点击此处播放1.A:They were all good at cooking.B:They were particular about food.C:They were proud of their cuisine.D:They were fond of bacon and eggs.2.A:His parents.B:His friends.C:His schoolmates.D:His parents′friends.3.A:No tea was served with the meal.B:It was the real English breakfast.C:No one of the group ate it.D:It was a little overcooked.4.A:It was full of excitement.B:It was really extraordinary.C:It was a risky experience.D:It was rather disappointing.M:(5)You say your shop has been doing well.Could you give me some idea of what"doing well"means in facts and figures? W:Well,"doing well"means averaging￡1,200or more a week for about7years,making almost a quarter of a million pounds.And"doing well" means your earnings are /doc/9d8930812.htmlst year,we did slightly over50,000and this year,we hope to do more than60,000.So,that′s good if we continue torise.M:Now,that′s gross earnings,I assume.What about your expenses?W:Yes,that′s gross.The expenses, of course,go up steadily.And since we′ve moved to this new shop,the expenses have increased greatly,because it′s a much bigger shop.So I couldn′t say exactly what ourexpenses are.They are something in the region of six or seven thousand pounds a year, which is not high.(6)Commercially speaking,it′s fairly low,and we try to keep our expenses as low as we can.M:(7)And your prices are much lower than the same goods in shops round about.How do the local shopkeepers feel about having a shop doing so wellin their midst?W:Perhaps a lot of them don′t realize how well we are doing,because we don′t make a point of publicizing.That was a lesson we learned very early on.(8)We were very friendly with all local shopkeepers and we happened to mention to a local shopkeeper how much we had made that week.He was very unhappy and never as friendly again.So we make a point of never publicizing the amount of money we make.But we are on very good terms with all the shops.None of them have ever complained that we areputting them out of business or anything like that.I think it′s a nice friendly relationship.Maybe if they did know what we made,perhaps they wouldn′t be sofriendly.点击此处播放5.A:The woman′s relationship with other shops.B:The business success of the woman′s shop.C:The key to running a shop at a low cost.D:The woman′s earnings over the years.6.A:Improve its customer service.B:Expand its business scale.C:Keep down its expenses.D:Upgrade the goods it sells.7.A:They are sold at lower prices than in other shops.B:They are very popular with the local residents.C:They are delivered free of charge.D:They are in great demand.8.A:To follow the custom of the local shopkeepers.B:To attract more customers in the neighborhood.C:To avoid being put out of business in competition.D:To maintain friendly relationships with other shops.Birds are famous for carrying things around.Some,like homing pigeons,can be trained to deliver messages and packages.Other birds unknowingly carry seeds that cling to them for the ride.(9)Canadian scientists have found a worrisome,new example of the power that birds have to spread stuff around.Way up north in the Canadian Arctic,seabirds are picking up dangerous chemicals in the ocean and delivering them to ponds near where the birds live.Some10,000pairs of the birds,called fulmars,a kind of Arctic seabird,make their nests on Devon Island,north of the Arctic Circle.(10)The fulmars travel some400kilometers over the sea to find food.When they return home,their droppings end up all around their nestingsites,including in nearbyponds.(11)Previously,scientists noticed pollutants arriving in the Arctic with the wind.Salmon also carry dangerous chemicals as the fish migrate between rivers and the sea.The bodies of fish and other meat-eaters can build up high levels of the chemicals.To test the polluting power of fulmars,researchers collected samples of deposit from11ponds on Devon Island.In ponds closest to the colony,the results showed there were far more pollutants than in ponds less affected by the birds.The pollutants in the ponds appear to come from fish that fulmars eat when they′re out on the ocean.(12)People who live,hunt,or fish near bird colonies need to be careful,the researchers say.The birds don′t mean to cause harm,but the chemicals they carry can cause major problems.点击此处播放9.A:They can be used to deliver messages in times of emergency.B:They deliver pollutants from the ocean to their nesting sites.C:They carry plant seeds and spread them to faraway places.D:They are on the verge of extinction because of pollution.10.A:They migrate to the Arctic Circle during the summer.B:They originate from Devon Island in the Arctic area.C:They travel as far as400kilometers in search of food.D:They have the ability to survive in extreme weathers.11.A:They were carried by the wind.B:They had become more poisonous.C:They were less than on the continent.D:They poisoned some of the fulmars.12.A:The threats humans pose to Arctic seabirds.B:The diminishing colonies for Arctic seabirds.C:The harm Arctic seabirds may cause to humans.D:The effects of the changing climate on Arctic seabirds.(13)In recent years,the death rate among American centenarians—people who have lived to age100or older—has decreased,dropping14percent for women and20percent for men from2008to2014.The leading causes of death in this age group are alsochanging.In2000,the top five causes of death for centenarians were heart disease, stroke,flu,cancer and Alzheimer′s disease.(14)But by2014,the death rate from Alzheimer′s disease for this age group had more than doubled—increasing from3.8 percent to8.5percent—making the progressive brain disease the second leading causeof death for centenarians.One reason for the rise in deaths from Alzheimer′s disease in this group may be that developing this condition remains possible even after people beat the odds of dying from other diseases such as cancer.(15)People physicallyfit enough to survive over100years ultimately give in to diseases such as Alzheimer′s which affects the mind and cognitive function.In other words,it appears that their minds give out before their bodies do.On the other hand,the death rate from flu dropped from7.4percent in2000to 4.1percent in2014.That pushed flu from the third leading cause of death to thefifth.Overall,the total number of centenarians is going up.In2014,there were72,197centenarians,comparedto50,281in2000.But because this population is getting larger,the number of deaths in this group is also increasing—18,434centenarians died in2000,whereas25,914died in2014.点击此处播放13.A:It has decreased.B:It has been exaggerated.C:It has become better understood.D:It has remained basically the same.14.A:It develops more easily in centenarians not actively engaged.B:It is now the second leading cause of death for centenarians.C:It has had no effective cure so far.D:It calls for more intensive research.15.A:They care more about their physical health.B:Their quality of life deteriorates rapidly.C:Their minds fail before their bodies do.D:They cherish their life more than ever.Okay.So let′s get started.And to start things off I think what we need to do is consider a definition.(16)I′m going to define what love is but then most of the experiments I′m going to talk about are really focused more on attraction than love.And I′m going to pick a definition from a former colleague,Robert Sternberg,who is now the dean at Tufts University but was here on our faculty at Yale for nearly thirty years.And he has a theory of love that argues that it′s made up of three components: intimacy,passion,and commitment,or what is sometimes called decision commitment.And these are relatively straightforward.He argued that you don′t have love if you don′t have all three of these elements.Intimacy is the feeling of closeness,of connectedness with someone,of bonding.Operationally,you could think of intimacy as you share secrets,you share information with this person that you don′t share with anybody else.Okay.That′s really what intimacy is,the bond that comes from sharing information that isn′t shared with other people.The second element is passion.Passionis the drive that leads to romance.You can think of it as physical attraction.And Sternberg argues that this is a required component of a love relationship.The third element of love in Sternberg′s theory is what he calls decision commitment,the decision that one is in a love relationship,the willingness to label it as such,and a commitment to maintain that relationship at least for some period of time.(17)Sternberg would argue it′s not love if you don′t call it love and if you don′t have some desire to maintain the relationship.So if you have all three of these,intimacy,passion and commitment,in Sternberg′s theory you have love.(18)Now what′s interesting about the theory is what do you have,if you only have one out of three or two out of three.What do you have and how is it different if you have a different two out of three?What′s interesting about this kind of theorizing is it gives rise to many differentcombinations that can be quite interesting when you break them down and start to look them carefully.So what I′ve done is I′ve taken Sternberg′s three elements of love, intimacy,passion and commitment,and I′ve listed out the different kinds of relationships you would have if you had zero,one,two or three out of the three elements.Section B Directions：In this section，you will hear3 shortpassages．At the end ofeachpassage，you will hear some questions．Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once．After you hear a question，you must choose the best answerfrom thefour choices marked A)，B)，C)and D)．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line throughthe centre．点击此处播放16.A:They are focused more on attraction than love.B:They were done by his former colleague at Yale.C:They were carried out over a period of some thirty years.D:They form the basis on which he builds his theory of love.17.A:The relationship cannot last long if ho passion is involved.B:Intimacy is essential but not absolutely indispensable to love.C:It is not love if you don′t wish to maintain the relationship.D:Romance is just impossible without mutual understanding.18.A:Which of them is considered most important.B:Whether it is true love without commitment.C:When the absence of any one doesn′t affect the relationship.D:How the relationship is to be defined if any one is missing.Hi!I am Elizabeth Hoffler,Master of Social Work.I am a social worker,a lobbyist,and a special assistant to the executive director at the National Association of SocialWorkers.(19)Today we are going to be talking about becoming a social worker.Social work is the helping profession.(20)Its primary mission is to enhance human well-being and help meet the basic needs of all people,with a particular focus on those who are vulnerable,oppressed,and living in poverty.We often deal with complex humanneeds.Social work is different from other professions,because we focus on the person and environment.We deal with the external factors that impact a person′s situation and outlook.And we create opportunity for assessment and intervention,to help clients and communities cope effectively with their reality and change that reality when necessary.In thousands of ways social workers help other people,people from every age,every background,across the country.Wherever needed,social workers come to help.The most well-known aspect of the profession is that of a social safety net.We help guide people to critical resources and counsel them on life-changingdecisions.(21)There are more than600,000professional social workers in the country, and we all either have a bachelor′s degree,a master′s degree,or a PhD in Social Work.There are more clinically trained social workers than clinically trained psychiatrists,psychologists,and psychiatric nurses combined.Throughout this series you will learn more about the profession,the necessary steps to get a social work degree,the rich history of social work,and the many ways that social workers help /doc/9d8930812.htmlter in this series,you will hear from Stacy Collins and Mel Wilson, fellow social workers at the National Association of Social Workers.Stacy is going to walk you through the step-by-step process of becoming a social worker,and(22)Mel will tell you about the range of options you have once you get your social work degree,as well as the high standards of responsibility the social workers must adhere to.The National Association of Social Workers represents nearly145,000social workers across the country.Our mission is to promote,protect,and advance the social work profession.We hope you enjoy this series about how you can make a difference bybecoming a social worker.Next,we are going to talk about choosing social work.点击此处播放19.A:Social work as a profession.B:The history of social work.C:Academic degrees required of social work applicants.D:The aim of the National Association of Social Workers.20.A:They try to change people′s social behavior.B:They help enhance the well-being of the underprivileged.C:They raise people′s awareness of the environment.D:They create a lot of opportunities for the unemployed.21.A:They have all received strict clinical training.B:They all have an academic degree in social work.C:They are all members of the National Association.D:They have all made a difference through their work.22.A:The promotion of social workers′social status.B:The importance of training for social workers.C:Ways for social workers to meet people′s needs.D:Social workers′job options and responsibilities.Today,I′d like to talk about what happens when celebrity role models get behind healthy habits,but at the same time,promote junk food.(23)Currently,there′s mounting criticism of Michelle Obama′s"Let′s Move!"campaign,which fights childhood obesity by encouraging youngsters to become more physically active,and has signed on singer Beyonce and basketball player Shaquille O′Neal,both of whom also endorse sodas,which are a major contributor to the obesity epidemic.Now there′s a lot more evidence of how powerful a celebrity—especially a professional athlete—can be in influencingchildren′s behavior.In a report published by the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale University,researchers studied100professional athletes and their endorsement contracts.The team focused on athletes since they are theoretically the best role models for active,healthy lifestyles for children.After sorting the deals by category,they determined that among the512brands associated with the athletes,most involved sporting goods,followed closely by food and beveragebrands.Sports drinks,which are often high in sugar and calories made up most of the food and drink deals,with soft drinks and fast food filling out the remainder.Of the46beverages endorsed by professional athletes,93%relied exclusively on sugar for all of their calories.It′s no surprise that high-profile athletes can influence children′s eating behaviors,but the scientists were able to quantify how prevalent these endorsements are in the children′s environment.Advertisements featuring professional athletes and their endorsed products tend to get impressive exposure on TV,radio,in print and online.(24)And in2010,the researchers reported that children ages12to17 saw more athlete-endorsed food and beverage brand commercials than adults.One reason any campaign wants a popular celebrity spokesperson is because kids areattracted to them no matter what they are doing.We can′t expect kids to turn off thatadmiration when the same person is selling sugar.At best,kids might be confused.At worst,they′ll think the messages about soda are the same as the messages about water, but those two beverages aren′t the same.(25)If children are turning to athletes as role models,it′s in their best interest if their idols are consistent.Consistent messaging of positive behaviors will show healthier lifestyles for kids tofollow.点击此处播放23.A:To fight childhood obesity.B:To help disadvantaged kids.C:To encourage kids to play more sports.D:To urge kids to follow their role models.24.A:They best boost product sales when put online.B:They are most effective when appearing on TV.C:They are becoming more and more prevalent.D:They impress kids more than they do adults.25.A:Always place kids′interest first.B:Do what they advocate in public.C:Message positive behaviors at all times.D:Pay attention to their image before children.PartⅢReading Comprehension(40minutes)Section A Directions：In this section，there is a passage with ten blanks．You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage．Read the passage through carefully before making your choices．Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter．Please mark the corresponding letterfor each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre You may not use any of the words in the bank m．9re than once．The tree people in the Lord of the Rings—the Ents—can get around by walking.But for real trees,it′s harder touproot.Because they′re literally rooted into the ground,they are unable to leave and go__26__.When a tree first starts growing in a certain area,it′s likely thatthe__27__envelope—:the temperature,humidity,rainfall patterns and so on—suitsit.Otherwise,it would be unable to grow from a seedling.But as it__28__,these conditions may change and the area around it may no longer be suitable for its__29__.When that happens,many trees like walnuts,oaks and pines,rely__30__on so-called "scatter hoarders,"such as birds,to move their seeds to new localities.Many birdslike to store food for the winter,which they__31__retrieve.When the birds forget to retrieve their food—and they do sometimes—a seedling has a chance to grow.The bird Clark′s nutcracker,for example,hides up to100,000seedsper year,up to30kilometers away from the seed source,and has a very closesymbiotic(共⽣的)relationship with several pine species,most__32__the whitebark pine.As trees outgrow their ideal__33__in the face of climate change,these flying ecosystem engineers could be a big helpin__34__trees.It′s a solution for us—getting birds to do the work is cheap and effective—and it could give__35__oaks and pines the option to truly"make like a tree and leave."A)ages I)legacyB)breathing J)notablyC)climatic K)offspringD)elsewhere L)replantingE)exclusively M)subsequentlyF)forever N)vulnerableG)fruitful O)withdrawsH)habitatsSection B Directions:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The American Workplace Is Broken.Here′s How We Can Start Fixing It.[A]Americans are working longer and harder hours than ever before.83%of workers saythey′re stressed about their jobs,nearly50%say work-related stress is interferingwith their sleep,and60%use their smartphones to check in with work outside of normal working hours.No wonder only13%of employees worldwide feel engaged in their occupation.[B]Glimmers(少许)of hope,however,are beginning to emerge in this bruising environment: Americans are becoming aware of the toll their jobs take on them,and employers are exploring ways to alleviate the harmful effects of stress and overwork.Yet much more work remains to be done.To call stress an epidemic isn′t exaggeration.The83%of American employees who are stressed about their jobs—up from73%just a year before—say that poor compensation and an unreasonable workload are their number-one sources of stress.And if you suspected that the workplace had gotten more stressful than it was just a few decades ago,you′re right.Stress levels increased18%for women and24%for men from1983to2009.Stress is also starting earlier in life,with some data suggesting that today′s teens are even more stressed than adults.[C]Stress is taking a significant toll on our health,and the collective public health cost may be enormous.Occupational stress increases the risk of heart attack and diabetes,accelerates the aging process,decreases longevity,and contributes to depression and anxiety,among numerous other negative health outcomes.Overall,stress-related health problems account for up to90%of hospital visits,many of them preventable.Your job is"literally killing you,"as The Washington Post put it.It′s also hurting our relationships.Working parents say they feel stressed,tired,rushed and short on quality time with theirchildren,friends and partners.[D]Seven in10workers say they struggle to maintain work-life balance.Astechnology(and with it,work emails)seeps(渗⼊)into every aspect of our lives,work-life balance has become an almost meaningless term.Add a rapidly changing economy and an uncertain future to this24/7connectivity,and you′ve got a recipe for overwork, according to Phyllis Moen."There′s rising work demand coupled with the insecurity ofmergers,takeovers,downsizing and other factors,"Moen said."Part of the work-life issue has to talk about uncertainty about the future."[E]These factors have converged to create an increasingly impossible situation with many employees overworking to the point of burnout.It′s not only unsustainable for workers,but also for the companies that employ them.Science has shown a clear correlation between high stress levels in workers and absenteeism(旷⼯),reduced productivity,disengagement and high turnover.Too many workplace policies effectively prohibit employees from developing a healthy work-life balance by barring them from taking time off,even when they need it most.[F]The U.S.trails far behind every wealthy nation and many developing ones that have family-friendly work policies including paid parental leave,paid sick days and breast-feeding support,according to a2007study.The U.S.is also the only advanced economy that does not guarantee workers paid vacation time,and it′s one of only two countries in the world that does not offer guaranteed paid maternity leave.But even when employees are given paid time off,workplace norms and expectations that pressure them to overwork often prevent them from taking it.Fulltime employees who do have paid vacation days only use half of them on average.[G]Our modern workplaces also operate based on outdated time constraints.The practice of clocking in for an eight-hour workday is a leftover from the days of the Industrial Revolution,as reflected in the then-popular saying,"Eight hourslabor,eight hours recreation,eight hours rest."[H]We′ve held on to this workday structure—but thanks to our digital devices,many employees never really clockout.Today,the average American spends8.8hours at work daily,and the majority of working professionals spend additional hours checking in with work during evenings,weekends and even vacations.The problem isn′t the technology itself,but that the technology is being used to create more flexibility for theemployer rather than the employee.In a competitive work environment,employers are able to use technology to demand more from their employees rather than motivating workers with flexibility that benefits them.[I]In a study published last year,psychologists coined the term"workplace telepressure"to describe an employee′s urge to immediately respond to emails and engage in obsessive thoughts about returning an email to one′s boss,colleagues or clients.The researchers found that telepressure is a major cause of stress at work, which over time contributes to physical and mental burnout.Of the300employees participating in the study,those who experienced high levels of telepressure were more likely to agree with statements assessing burnout,like"I′ve no energy for going to work in the morning,"and to report feeling fatigued and unfocused.Telepressure was also correlated with sleeping poorly and missing work.[J]Harvard Business School professor Leslie Perlow explains that when people feel the pressure to be always"on,"they find ways to accommodate that pressure,including altering their schedules,work habits and interactions with family and friends.Perlow calls this vicious cycle the"cycle of responsiveness":Once bosses and colleagues experience an employee′s increased responsiveness,they increase their demands on the employee′s time.And because a failure to accept these increased demands indicates a lack of commitment to one′s work,the employee complies.[K]To address skyrocketing employee stress levels,many companies have implemented workplace wellnessprograms,partnering with health care providers that have created programs to promote employee health and well-being.Some research does suggest that these programs hold promise.A study of employees at health insurance provider Aetna revealed that roughly one quarter of those taking in-office yoga and mindfulness classes reported a28%reduction in their stress levels and a20%improvement in sleep quality.These less-stressed workers gained an average of62minutes per week of productivity.While yoga and meditation(静思)are scientifically proven to reduce stress levels,these programs do little to target the root causes of burnout and disengagement.The conditions creating the stress are long hours,unrealistic demands and deadlines,and work-life conflict.[L]Moen and her colleagues may have found the solution.In a2011study,sheinvestigated the effects of implementing a Results Only Work Environment(ROWE)on the productivity and well-being of employees at Best Buy′s corporate headquarters.[M]For the study,325employees spent six months taking part in ROWE,while a control group of334employees continued with their normal workflow.The ROWE participants were allowed to freely determine when,where and how they worked—the only thing that mattered was that they got the job done.The results were striking.After six months,the employees who participated in ROWE reported reduced work-family conflict and a better sense of control of their time,and they were getting a full hour of extra sleep each night.The employees were less likely to leave their jobs,resulting in reduced turnover.It′s important to note that the increased flexibility didn′t encourage them to work around the clock."They didn′t work anywhere and all the time—they were better able to manage their work,"Moen said."Flexibility and control is key,"she continued.36.Workplace norms pressure employees to overwork,deterring them from taking paid time off.___________37.The overwhelming majority of employees attribute their stress mainly to low pay and an excessive workload.__________38.According to Moen,flexibility gives employees better control over their work and time.____________39.Flexibility resulting from the use of digital devices benefits employers instead of employees.____________40.Research finds that if employees suffer from high stress,they will be less motivated,less productive and more likely to quit._______41.In-office wellness programs may help reduce stress levels,but they are hardly an ultimate solution to theproblem.__________42.Health problems caused by stress in the workplace result in huge public health expenses.____________43.If employees respond quickly to their job assignments,the employer is likely to demand more from them.__________44.With technology everywhere in our life,it has become virtually impossible for most workers to keep a balance between work and life.__________。
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2016年12月第二套Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end ofeach conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A. They were all good at cooking.B. They were particular about food.C. They were proud of their cuisine.D. They were fond of bacon and eggs.2. A. His parents.B. His friends.C. His schoolmates.D. His parents' friends.3. A. No tea was served with the meal.B. It was the real English breakfast.C. No one of the group ate it.D. It was a little overcooked.4. A. It was full of excitement.B. It was really extraordinary.C. It was a risky experience.D. It was rather disappointing.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A. The woman's relationship with other shops.B. The business success of the woman's shop.C. The key to running a shop at a low cost.D. The woman's earnings over the years.6. A. Improve its customer service.B. Expand its business scale.C. Keep down its expenses.D. Upgrade the goods it sells.7. A. They are sold at lower prices than in other shops.B. They are very-popular with the local residents.C. They are delivered free of charge.D. They are in great demand.8. A. To follow the custom of the local shopkeepers.B. To attract more customers in the neighborhood.C. To avoid being put out of business in competition.D. To maintain friendly relationships with other shops.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A. They can be used to deliver messages in times of emergency.B. They deliver pollutants from the ocean to their nesting sites.C. They carry plant seeds and spread them to faraway places.D. They are on the verge of extinction because of pollution.10. A. They migrate to the Arctic Circle during the summer.B. They originate from Devon Island in the Arctic area.C. They travel as far as 400 kilometers in search of food.D. They have the ability to survive in extreme weathers.11. A. They were carried by the wind.B. They had become more poisonous.C. They were less than on the continent.D. They poisoned some of the fulmars.12. A. The threats humans pose to Arctic seabirds,B. The diminishing colonies for Arctic seabirds.C. The harm Arctic seabirds may cause to humans.D. The effects of the changing climate on Arctic seabirds.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13. A. It has decreased.B. It has been exaggerated.C. It has become better understood.D. It has remained basically the same.14. A. It develops more easily in centenarians not actively engaged.B. It is now the second leading cause of death for centenarians.C. It has had no effective cure so far.D. It calls for more intensive research.15. A. They care more about their physical health.B. Their quality of life deteriorates rapidly.C. Their minds fall before their bodies do.D. They cherish their life more than ever.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followedby three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C andD. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line throughthe centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A. They are focused more on attraction than love.B. They were done by his former colleague at Yale.C. They were carried out over a period of some thirty years.D. They form the basis on which he builds his theory of love.17. A. The relationship cannot last long if no passion is involved.B. Intimacy is essential but not absolutely indispensable to love.C. It is not love if you don't wish to maintain the relationship.D. Romance is just impossible without mutual understanding.18. A. Which of them is considered most important.B. Whether it is true love without commitment.C. When the absence of any one doesn't affect the relationship.D. How the relationship is to be defined if any one is missing. Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A. Social work as a profession.B. The history of social work.C. Academic degrees required of social work applicants.D. The aim of the National Association of Social Workers.20. A. They try to change people's social behavior.B. They help enhance the well-being of the underprivileged.C. They raise people's awareness of the environment.D. They create a lot of opportunities for the unemployed.21. A. They have all received strict clinical training.B. They all have an academic degree in social work.C. They are all members of the National Association.D. They have all made a difference through their work.22. A. The promotion of social workers' social status.B. The importance of training for social workers.C. Ways for social workers to meet people's needs.D. Social workers' job options and responsibilities.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A. To fight childhood obesity.B. To help disadvantaged kids.C. To encourage kids to play more sports.D. To urge kids to follow their role models.24. A. They best boost product sales when put online.B. They are most effective when appearing on TV.C. They are becoming more and more prevalent.D. They impress kids more than they do adults.25. A. Always place kids' interest first.B. Do what they advocate in public.C. Message positive behaviors at all times.D. Pay attention to their image before children.答案：1. A.They were all good at cooking.2. D.His parents' friends.3. C.No one of the group ate it.4. D.It was rather disappointing.5. B.The business success of the woman's shop.6. C.Keep down its expenses.7. A.They are sold at lower prices than in other shops.8. D.To maintain friendly relationships with other shops.9. B.They deliver pollutants from the ocean to their nesting sites.10. C.They travel as far as 400 kilometers in search of food.11. A.They were carried by the wind.12. C.The harm Arctic seabirds may cause to humans.13. A.It has decreased.14. B.It is now the second leading cause of death for centenarians.15. C.Their minds fall before their bodies do.16. A.They are focused more on attraction than love.17. C.It is not love if you don't wish to maintain the relationship.18. D.How the relationship is to be defined if any one is missing.19. A.Social work as a profession.20. B.They help enhance the well-being of the underprivileged.21. B.They all have an academic degree in social work.22. D.Social workers' job options and responsibilities.23. A.To fight childhood obesity.24. D.They impress kids more than they do adults.25. C.Message positive behaviors at all times.。