(完整word版)初中英语句子成分划分
初中英语语法知识点整理总结(WORD版本)(1)
初中英语语法知识点整理总结(详细讲解语法，零基础也可以学好英语，精品材料建议下载保存)(每天背诵提高英语语感。
零基础学英语，每天进步一点点！)一、词类、句子成分和构词法：一）.词类：英语词类分十种：二）.句子成分：英语句子成分分七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
1、主语：句子的主体，全句述说的对象。
回答是“谁”或者“什么”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词或从句担当，位于句首。
The boy needs a pen.Smoking is bad for you = To smoke is bad for you2、谓语：说明主语的动作或状态。
回答“做(什么)”。
由动词或系动词加表语担任，常置于主语后。
如：The train leaves at 6 o’clock.She is reading.3、宾语：表示动作的对象。
回答做的是“什么”。
一般由名词或代词担当，常置于谓语后。
如：He won the game.He likes playing computer.注意：1)有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物（直接宾语）,一个指人（间接宾语）。
间接宾语一般放在直接宾语前面。
如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信)2)有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。
如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)4、表语：用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。
回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。
一般由名词或形容词担任，置于系动词或be动词之后。
如：He is a student. We are tired.注意：除了be 系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词: feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。
2)表转变变化的动词: become, get, grow, turn, go等。
(完整word版)中考英语语法重点：句子成分、基本句、状语、宾语、定语从句、it
一、句子成分：1.主语：主语（Subject）是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。
主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例如:The sun rises in the east。
（名词）He likes dancing. （代词）Twenty years is a short time in history。
（数词）Seeing is believing. （动名词）To see is to believe. （不定式）What he needs is a book. （主语从句)2. 谓语谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。
谓语的构成如下:1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning。
The plane took off at ten o'clock。
2、复合谓语:（1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成，或由各种时态构成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.（2）由系动词加表语构成。
如:We are students.注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致3．表语表语（Predicative)用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份,它一般位于系动词（如be， become， get, look, grow， turn, seem等）之后.例如：He is a teacher。
注意：系动词（Linking verb）用于连接主语和表语，说明主语的状态，性质特征和身份等常见的系动词有： be， sound（听起来）， look（看起来）， feel（摸起来）,smell（闻起来），taste（尝、吃起来）， remain（保持，仍是）， feel（感觉）….It sounds a good idea。
(完整word版)英语句子基本结构成分类型
英语句子基本结构英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。
这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。
换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。
这五个基本句式如下：S十V主谓结构S十V十F主系表结构S十V十O主谓宾结构S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构说明：S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾语补足语五个基本句式详细解释如下：1．S十V句式在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动词(vi．)。
例如：He runs quickly．他跑得快。
They listened carefully．他们听得很仔细。
He suffered from cold and hunger．他挨冻受饿。
China belongs to the third world country．中国属于第三世界国家。
The gas has given out．煤气用完了。
My ink has run out．我的钢笔水用完了。
2．S十V十P句式在此句式中，V是系动词(link v．)，常见的系动词有：look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fall ill/asleep，stand/sit still，become，turn等。
例如：He is older than he looks．他比看上去要老。
He seen interested in the book．他似乎对这本书感兴趣。
The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来有趣。
The desk feels hard．书桌摸起来很硬。
The cake tastes nice．饼尝起来很香。
The flowers smell sweet and nicc．花闻起来香甜。
You have grown taller than before．你长得比以前高了。
(完整word版)英语句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习
英语句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习一、句子的基本结构（5种）1、主语+谓语（s+v）2、主语+系动词+表语（s+l+p）3、主语+谓语+宾语（s+v+o）4、主语+谓语+间接宾语（指人）+直接宾语（指物）(s+v+io+do)5、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（s+v+o+c）二、句子成分：（主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补、同位语、插足语）1. 主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east （）He likes dancing. （）Twenty years is a short time in history. ( ) Seeing is believing. （）To see is to believe.（）What he needs is a book.（）It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.（）(一）指出下列句中主语的中心词① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.2. 谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。
We study English. He is asleep.(二). 选出句中谓语的中心词① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B.longer C. days D. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast3. 表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。
(完整word版)初中英语语法大全[知识点总结
英语语法大全初中英语语法学习提纲一、词类、句子成分和构词法：1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。
如：who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。
如：good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。
如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。
如：am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。
如：now, very,here, often, quietly, slowly.7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。
如：a, an, the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。
如in, on, from, above, behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。
如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。
如：oh, well, hi, hello.2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。
1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。
通常用名词或代词担任。
如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。
主要由动词担任。
如：Jack cleansthe room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。
(完整word版)英语句子成分分析
第一节破解英语句子之密码“钥匙”——五种基本句型五种基本句型之主（语）＋系（动词）＋表（语）首先我们来认识主语，主语是五种基本句型都具备的。
从位置上来看，主语一般在句子开头，也就是一个句子的“头把交椅”：从意义上理解，主语一般是一个句子的“陈述对象”，后面的一切都是针对主语来说的，那么常坐这把“交椅”的会是什么词呢，一般是名词或代词系动词是联系动词的简称，顾名思义，它是起到联系作用的动词，是连接主语和表语的。
系动词的数量是有限的，常见的只有十来个一 be动词类： am、 is 、are 、was 、were二表示变化类：become、 get 、 turn 、 grow 、go三感官动词类: 眼（look ）耳(sound)鼻(smell)舌(taste)身(feel)四表示延续性的动词：remain 、stay 、keep表语有两个特征：一从位置上来讲，它总是在系动词后面（系动词和表语关系甚为紧密，没有系动词，就没有表语：没有表语，就没有系动词，正所谓“皮之不存，毛将焉附”）。
二从意义上讲，表语通常是来说明主语的性质、特征的。
表语通常是由形容词、介词短语、名词、代词、动词不定式、doing 等来充当。
上面就是对主系表结构的简要介绍，其中，系动词是主系表结构的核心，它是这个结构的标志，看到了系动词，也就能立刻判断出句子的结构是主系表，1 Tom is a student. 汤姆是一个学生。
Tom主语，名词 a student表语名词2 He is fat. 他很胖。
He主语，代词 fat表语，形容词3 I am tired .我累了I 主语，代词 tired表语，形容词4 We are students.我们是学生。
We 主语，代词 students表语，名词5 The bag was lost.包丢了。
The bag 主语，名词 lost丢，形容词，表语6 The boy is foolish.这男孩是愚蠢的。
(完整word版)英语的基本成分有七种
英语的基本成分有七种:主语subject、谓语predicate、表语predicative、宾语object、定语attribute、状语（adverbial）和补语complement.英语五种基本句型列式如下一、主+谓二、主+系+表三、主+谓+宾四、主+谓+间宾+直宾五、主+谓+宾+宾补基本句型一主谓主语：可以作主语的成分有名词：如boy、主格代词如you、动词不定式、动名词等。
主语一般在句首。
注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家谓语:谓语由动词构成是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。
不及物动词:vi没有宾语形成主谓结构如We come.此句型的句子有一个共同特点即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
1。
The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。
2。
The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。
3。
The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。
4。
We all │breathe, eat，and drink。
我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。
5。
Who │cares? 管它呢6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。
7。
They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。
8。
The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利.基本句型二主系表此句型的句子有一个共同的特点句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语才能表达完整的意思.这类动词叫叫做连系动词。
系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况。
get, grow, become, turn等属另一类表示变化。
be 本身没有什么意义，只起连系主语和表语的作用.其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。
感官动词多可用作联系动词:look well/面色好，sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好smell bad/难闻│是系动词│1。
(完整)初中英语句子成分和五种基本结构.doc
.. WORD.格式整理 ..句子的成分1句子的成分组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。
句子成分包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语（直接宾语、间接宾语）、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
主语和谓语是句子主体部分（在英文中一般的句子必须有主语和谓语）。
表语、宾语和宾语补足语是谓语里的组成部分。
其他成分如定语和状语是句子的次要部分。
下面我们分别讲述一下句子的各个成分：1主语主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
We study in No.1 Middle School.（讲述“谁”～）The classroom is very clean.（讲述“什么”很干净）Three were absent.（数词作主语）To teach them English is my job.（不定式作主语）注意不定式作主语时，常用形式主语it句型，因此左例可变为It is my job to teach them English. （真正的主语是to teach them English.）2谓语说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须用动词。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
His Parents are doctors.（系动词作谓语）She looks well.（系动词作谓语）We study hard.（实义动词作谓语）He can speak English.（情态动词和实义动词作谓语）3表语表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任。
它的位置在系动词后面。
You look younger than before.（形容词作表语）I am a teacher.（名词作表语）Everybody is here.（副词作表语）They are at home now.（介词短语作表语）My job is to teach them English.（不定式作表语）4 , 宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么，在谓语之后。
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句子成分练习题( 一)(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词（4分，4分钟）① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.② There is an old man coming here.③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词（10分，10分钟）① I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. getB. longerC. daysD. summer③ Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC.goD. bus④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A.DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC. doD. his homework⑦ What I want to tell you is this.A. wantB. to tellC. youD. is⑧ We had better send for a doctor.A. WeB. hadC. sendD. doctor⑨ He is interested in music.A. isB. interestedC. inD. music⑩ Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB.didC. whomD. book(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语（10分，10分钟）① My brother hasn't done his homework.② People all over the world speak English.③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.④ How many new words did you learn last class?⑤Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?⑥The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.⑦ They made him monitor of the class.⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school.⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.(四) 挑出下列句中的表语（5分，5分钟）① The old man was feeling very tired.② Why is he worried about Jim?③ The leaves have turned yellow.④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.⑤ She was the first to learn about it.(五) 挑出下列句中的定语（6分，6分钟）① They use Mr, Mrs with the family name.② What is your given name?③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语（6分，6分钟）① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.② He asked her to take the boy out of school.③ She found it difficult to do the work.④ They call me Lily sometimes.⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?(七) 挑出下列句中的状语（8分，8分钟）① There was a big smile on her face.② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语（5分，5分钟）① Please tell us a story.② My father bought a new bike for me last week.③ Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.④ Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.⑤ Did he leave any message for me?答案(一)① teacher ② man ③ dictionary ④ To do(二)① B② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C ⑥ C ⑦ D ⑧ C⑨ A⑩ A(三)①homework. ②English. ③attention ④words ⑤to go swimming ⑥he was ill. ⑦him monitor ⑧bridge museum⑨ itschool. ⑩ who"Father Christmas"really is.(四)①tired. ②worried ③yellow. ④interested ⑤the first(五)① family ②given③third ④ some ⑤ downstairs ⑥ of the other shoe!(六)①to read newspapers and books ②to take the boy ③ difficult ④ Lily ⑤ get on the bus ⑥ playing football(七)① on her face. ②Every night ③ when he was eleven.④ too fast. ⑤ With the medicine box under her arm ⑥ because she loves books. ⑦ if you’ve lost it ⑧ to see the other machine.(八)① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语② me, 间接宾语a new bike, 直接宾语③ us, 间接宾语history, 直接宾语④ Tom, 间接宾语it, 直接宾语⑤ me, 间接宾语message, 直接宾语句子成分练习题( 二)指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分：1.Whether we’ll go depend on the weather .2. People’s standards of living are going up steadily .3. That was how they were defeated.4.The nursery takes good care of our children .5.I’ll return the book to you tomorrow .6.We are sure that we shall succeed .7.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other .8.There are many film that I’d like to see.9.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking ?10.I have a lot of work to do .11. Anyway I won’t stop you from doing it .12. I said it in fun .13. We can send a car over to fetch you .14. She had to work standing up .15. Seeing this ,some comrades became very worried .16. Much interested , he agreed to give it a try .17. The bus arrived ten minutes late .18. We should serve the people heart and soul.19. Spring coming on , the tree turned green .20. Some farmers saw something strange in the sky .21. We think it necessary that everyone should attend the meeting .22. It’s strange that she doesn’t come today .23. It was in the library that I come today .24. He li kes drawing at times when he isn’t working .25. We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.句子成分练习题( 三)A1、___ six years since I began to study English.A. It isB. I have beenC. There areD. It was2 、___ in the room at that time.A. Nobody wasB. Someone wereC. Who isD. He are3 、IT'S very noisy outside. ___ is going on?A. WhoB. WhatC. WhichD. Where4、___ in English in class every day is important.A. SpeakB. TalkingC. SayingD. To tell5 、There must be____ near the factory.A. a book storeB. book storeC. books storeD. books stores6 、Although it's raining hard, ___ are still working in the fields.A. but theyB. and theyC. theyD. since theyB1、The doctor as well as the nurses ___ great concern for the patients.A. showB. showsC. have shownD. are showing2、Your son must be a clever boy, ___ he?A. isB. isn'tC. mustD. mustn't3、The computer center, ___ last year, is very popular among students in this school.A. openB. openingC. openedD. being opened4 、I ___ go to the shop today, for there is a lot of food at home.A. mustn'tB. had toC. can'tD. needn't5 、Don't ___ excited.A. getB. isC. seemD. look6 This room ___ every morning.A. is cleaningB. is cleanedC. cleansD. cleaningC1、Glad to meet you! ___ is your full name?A. WhatB. WhereC. HowD. Who2、He is ___ to lift the heavy box.A. too weakB. weak tooC. enough weakD. weak enough3、The days are ___ warmer and warmer in spring.A. gettingB. lookingC. seemingD. going4 、His job is____English.A. teachB. to teachC. taughtD. teaches5 、Two balls are___.A. under the deskB. in the wallC. to hereD. at desksD1 、We should get ready___ others.A. helpingB. to helpC. helpD. help with2、___interesting work we are doing?A. What aB. HowC. WhatD. What an3、I want___ a teacher when I grow up. A. to be B. to C. be D. being4、-Would you like to go on a picnic with me today?-I don't think so. To be honest, I really don't feel like___on a picnic.A. goingB. to goC. goD. went5 Do you know___?A. where does he liveB. where he livesC. where he liveD. if where he lives6 Let ____ do it again. A. I B. me C. he D. she7 I don't know___. A. how to do B. what to do C. where to do D. when to do1、I saw him ___ basketball with Jack an hour ago.A. playsB. to playC. playedD. play o2、Sorry, we've kept you___ for a long time.A. waitedB. singC. standD. waiting3 、The teacher told us ____ late again.A. aren't beB. don't beC. not to beD. not be4 、We find the room very___. A. warm B. warmly C. terribly D. hardlyF1 、I found ___ difficult to work together with him. A. it B. its C. that D. those2 、We all know ___ our duty to clean our classroom after school every day.A. thatB. thisC. whichD. it3、He found ___ very interesting to play with the little dog.A. whatB. itC. /D. thatG( ) 1 Tom said he ___ a good dream yesterday evening.A. dreamB. dreamedC. haveD. has( ) 2 Children ___ a happy life in China. A. lead B. living C. has D. leadingH( ) 1 America, Japan and Canada are___countries.A. developingB. developedC. less developedD. develop( ) 2 -___ skirt is that on the chair?-Let me see. Oh, no, it's not mine.A. WhoseB. WhatC. Who'sD. Which( ) 3 Do you have anything ___?A. sayingB. to^ayC. saidD. say( ) 4 Look, there is an___tree by the wall.A. appleB. apple'sC. apples'D. apples( ) 5 Where is____seat? A. yours B. your C. you D. yourselvesI( ) 1 The box is ___ heavy for her ___ carry.A. very; toB. too; not toC. too; toD. very too; to2 -___ did you buy the new bag?-Last Monday. A. Where B. How C. When D. Who3 You can see these signs in a hospital. ___ can you see them?A. Where elseB. Where place elseC. Where else placeD. Else where4 They went out ___ their old friends. A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited5 There is a wide river____ our village. A. outside B. over C. from D. belowJ1 The young man, ___ works in the office.A. me brotherB. my brotherC. my brothersD. me2 Our English teacher, ___ often helps us with study.A. Mrs WangB. Mrs5 WangC. MrsWang's .D. of him3 ___, some railway workers are busy repairing the train. A. Them B. He C. They D. TheirsA . 1-6 A AB B AC B. 1-6 B B CD A B C. 1-5 A A A B AD. 1-7 B C A A B B BE. 1-4 D D C AF. 1-3 A D BG. 1-2 B AH. 1-5 B A B A B I .1-5 C C A C A J. 1-3 B A C。