萧伯纳作品赏析Pygmalion解析
从伯格森创造进化论视角探析《皮格马利翁》中卖花女伊莉莎变形的内外因素

从伯格森创造进化论视角探析《皮格马利翁》中卖花女伊莉莎变形的内外因素一、前言萧伯纳作为伟大的剧作家,其艺术创作及思想主张是世界人民共同的精神财富。
他是易卜生主义之集大成者,反对为艺术而艺术,提倡新戏剧。
他主张以缓和渐进的改良方式,完成从资本主义社会到社会主义社会的过渡,是费边主义的代表人物。
因此,他一生中创作的51部剧本,基本上都反映了资本主义社会的问题。
《皮格马利翁》这部戏剧正是萧伯纳社会改良思想的表达。
《皮格马利翁》英文名为Pygmalion,又译《卖花女》。
皮格马利翁出自古罗马诗人奥维德《变形记》第十卷。
皮格马利翁不爱凡间女子,却深爱着自己雕刻的象牙雕塑。
他像对待妻子那样抚爱它,装扮它,为它起名加拉泰亚,并向神乞求让她成为自己的妻子。
爱神阿芙洛狄忒被他打动,赐予雕像生命,并让他们结为夫妻。
萧伯纳对此神话故事进行了现代演绎:语言学教授希金斯是擅长语音教学的“皮格马利翁”,也是个厌恶女性的黄金单身汉;伊莉莎是整日游走于街头巷尾的卖花女,满口伦敦土言土语,曾被希金斯鄙视为烂菜叶子。
一次偶遇,希金斯教授和皮克林上校打赌,他要在短时间内把伊莉莎培养成为语言发音标准、谈吐高雅的贵族。
于是,伊莉莎开始了变形之旅,伊莉莎成了希金斯的“加拉泰亚”。
经过六个月的训练,伊莉莎在晚会上十分吸睛,人们完全相信她是一位奥地利公主。
至此希金斯的实验取得了巨大的成功。
但伊莉莎却陷入了困扰:她是伪贵族,只会说标准英语,却没有经济基础,她不知自己又该何去何从。
深夜,她和希金斯愤怒地吵了起来,最终离开了希金斯,另嫁他人,并开了一家蔬果店。
伊莉莎的变形看似富有戏剧性,实则有其多层次的因素。
萧伯纳将社会整体的改良寄托于社会个体的进化,这基本上遵循萧伯纳缓和渐进的费边主义改造方式,而这种个体进化的方式,则深受伯格森创造进化论的影响。
下面笔者将简要地叙述伯格森创造进化论的主要观点。
二、伊莉莎变形的内外因素探析伊莉莎原是伦敦的卖花女,经过希金斯教授的语言训练,伦敦土言土语进化成了标准的皇室英语,这一语言进化的过程,不仅有希金斯教授提供的夜以继日的训练,而且还有伊莉莎自身主动学习标准英语的要求。
关于George Bernard Shaw的《Pygmalion》的词汇学特征分析

•书评文丛223关于George Bernard Shaw的《Pygmalion》的词汇学特征分析内容摘要 萧伯纳,全名乔治·伯纳德·萧(George Bernard Shaw),爱尔兰剧作家。
其喜剧作品《卖花女》(Pygmalion) 因被 Alan Lerner 改编为音乐剧《窈窕淑女》(My Fair Lady) ,又被好莱坞改编为同名卖座电影而家喻户晓。
本文将从时代背景、词源、构词法、词汇选择等方面对本文进行词汇学角度分析。
关键字 《卖花女》;词汇学;词源;构词法本文中文译名为《卖花女》(又译作《皮革马利翁》),采用了来自希腊神话《皮革马利翁》的典故,剧作家借用这个名字和典故以表示剧中语音学家希金斯和卖花女伊莉莎的关系。
故事讲述的是:语音学家希金斯和朋友皮克林上校打赌用街头卖花女伊莉莎作实验,通过六个月改变她的语言和外表,使之成为宛如名门出身的贵族小姐。
伊莉莎通过一系列训练,果然完全脱离出身贫寒、言行粗俗的氛围,出入任何高贵场合的时候都能引起万众瞩目。
然而,希金斯是个独身主义者,不可能与她结婚,而伊莉莎既成不了真正的公爵夫人,又不能再回菜市场卖花,于是就被置于一种不上不下的尴尬境地。
萧伯纳的时代,标准发音极其盛行。
语音是一个人社会地位的标志,方言土语受到上流社会的蔑视,正如在《卖花女》的序言中,萧伯纳指出了语言所暗含的社会意义:“当一个英国人开口说话的一瞬间,另一个英国人却露出鄙视的神情。
”语言及发音的重要性与社会结构的变化有很大关系:1762年,“语音只是一个人谈吐的装饰品”;到了1833年,语音已经发展成为一个人社会身份的符号。
作者也就通过《卖花女》讲述英国社会底层人物的悲惨遭遇,并客观地展示了当时英国社会面貌,同时更深入地揭示当时英国的社会问题,语言学教授希金斯即使与卖花女在精神上彼此相互依赖,但注定无法相伴终生,萧伯纳以此来讽刺资本主义社会的偏见。
在文中,卖花女处于社会底层,文化程度不高,用词也就比较不正式,甚至使用较为粗俗的表达来表示自己的观点,比如说:“Ow, eez ye-ooa san, is e ?” Ow, eez ye-ooa san, is e ?等。
Pygmalion(皮革马利翁)的详细介绍与拓展

Shaw’s Birthplace in Dublin
bedroom
Shaw’s corner
In 1906 the Shaws moved into a house, now called Shaw’s Corner
George Bernard Shaw
Shaw—Dramatist of Ideas(观念剧):
2. Eliza came to visit Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering in order to let them _________ A. give her some money B. give her a job as a flower shop’s assistant C. teach her speak well D. have a bath
• 8、 What do you think Higgins would have to do to change Eliza into a lady? • In order to have Eliza make a big change, Higgins has to teach her from the alphabet • 9、Why did Pickering fancy himself? • Because he can pronounce twenty-four distinct vowel sounds.
the War.
In 1925, he won the Nobel Prize.. He visited the former Soviet Union in 1931.
In 1933, he visited China and met Madam Song Qingling and Mr. Lu Xun.
萧伯纳作品赏析Pygmalion

A
12
A
13
When Pygmalion returns home, he kisses his statue and is delighted to find that she is warm and soft to touch.
his works including: 60 plays, 5 novels, 3 volumes of music criticism, 4 volumescism, and heaps of social commentary, political theory, and correspondence.
theater. a freethinker, defender of women’s
rights, and advocate of equality of income.
A
5
Born in Dublin in 1856 to a middle-class Protestant family.
He married Charlotte Payne-Townshend in 1898, but it is known that he never touched her once.
A
11
The Pygmalion Myth
It derives its name from the famous story in Ovid’s Metamorphoses(奥德维变形记).
Pygmalion is disgusted by the loose and shameful lives of the women in his era, women of Amathus, the first women to become prostitutes, and decides to live alone and unmarried.
奥黛丽赫本电影《窈窕淑女》影评赏析

奥黛丽赫本电影《窈窕淑女》影评赏析电影《窈窕淑女》的结尾处告诉我,就算女人被男人改造之后从丑小鸭华丽变身为白天鹅之后,如果没有经济独立的能力还是只能当个帮男人拎拖鞋的白天鹅。
下面就让我们一起来欣赏一下它的相关影评吧。
篇一我不喜欢这样的故事。
那些改头换面之后就能得到真爱的童话都让我觉得悲伤。
《窈窕淑女》是萧伯纳的Pygmalion改编的。
传说塞浦路斯国王Pygmalion爱上了自己雕刻的少女像,爱神被他的诚心打动,就把雕像变成了活人。
大概,每个抱充气娃娃的猥琐男也会这样梦想吧?电影里,奥黛丽演个言语粗俗的卖花女;现实中,平凡的女人却演不了奥黛丽。
就算整容,就算专业设计师造型,就算花几个月去密集培训,我们也不能再造一个奥黛丽。
如果你爱的人,他只爱你的皮,新皮相之下还是那条旧灵魂,你确定他也会爱它吗?如果他不喜欢你的内心,你会忘掉自己变成他的影子吗?如果他里里外外都鄙视你,你为什么还要渴望他的爱呢?柯德莉KO掉了卖花女,完成了从街边小贩到社交名媛的华丽蜕变,但她对教授的爱从何而起我一点也不明白。
日久生情吗?还是教授的长期压迫让她得了斯德哥尔摩综合症?不过我特别能理解教授对她的感情,教授极度自恋,她是他的大作,他能从她的身上看见自己的影子,这些镜像让他陶醉不已。
所以她出走那会儿教授很崩溃,他很需要她在身边保持自我感觉良好。
这个男人除了自恋只有自私,即使在奥黛丽出走的时候,他还像个小孩子一样计划着怎么复仇、挽回颜面,根本不想别人感受,更不会检讨自己。
奥黛丽之前那通发飚,他根本不当回事,只觉得姑娘口才不错,但说什么都白说了。
伊丽莎说“淑女不淑女,不是看她怎么做,而是看别人怎么对待她”。
也许她根本就不想做淑女吧。
那个叫弗雷迪的帅哥天天给她写信,还在门口唱歌,恨不得把她当成女王,她却抱怨人家光说不练,拒绝了他。
教授连漂亮话都没对她说过,更别提为她做什么,她却对他一片痴心妄想。
那么多捧着她的人,为什么单选了踩着她的这一位?原因就是她不想做淑女,还是比较习惯被吆喝着给人拿拖鞋。
英语专业毕业论文--论萧伯纳《皮格马利翁》中伊莉莎的女性独立

XXXX大学本科毕业论文(设计)任务书编号:论文(设计)题目:论萧伯纳《皮格马利翁》中伊莉莎的女性独立学院:外国语学院专业:机器翻译班级: 2009级机器翻译班学生姓名: XX 学号: XXXXXX 指导教师: XXX 职称:讲师1、论文(设计)研究目标及主要任务本论文的研究目标是探讨萧伯纳《皮格马利翁》中女性独立对女性幸福的重要影响。
其主要任务是通过阐述女性独立意识对女性幸福生活的重要影响呼吁女性要独立。
2、论文(设计)的主要内容本论文分为三章,第一章介绍伊莉莎独立意识形成的原因,第二章介绍伊莉莎独立意识的具体表现,最后一章介绍独立意识给伊莉莎人生带来的影响。
3、论文(设计)的基础条件及研究路线本论文的基础条件是不同的文学家、评论家及作者本人对作品的解读。
研究路线是对萧伯纳《皮格马利翁》中女主人公伊莉莎的女性独立意识为其生活带来的影响进行详细分析。
4、主要参考文献George Bernard Shaw, Pygmalion and Major Barbara, 贵州科技出版社,1992.The Cambridge Companion to Feminism in Philosophy, Cambridge University Press.萧伯纳.卖花女[M].杨宪益,译.北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,2001。
塔特洛克,希腊罗马神话,中央编译出版社,2012。
陈敏,皮格马利翁效应:用赞美、信任和期待来改变个人和团队的成功法则,北京工业大学出版社,2005。
沃特斯(朱刚、马晓蓉译),女权主义简史,外语教学与研究出版社,2008。
5、计划进度阶段起止日期1 确定初步论文题目3月16日前2 与导师见面,确定大致范围,填开题报告和任务书,导师签字3月16日-3月23日3 提交论文提纲3月23日-3月30日4 交初稿和文献综述4月20日5 交终稿和评议书5月8日前指导教师:年月日教研室主任:年月日注:一式三份,学院(系)、指导教师、学生各一份XXXX大学本科生毕业论文(设计)开题报告书外国语学院机器翻译专业 XXX 届学生姓名XX论文(设计)题目论萧伯纳《皮格马利翁》中伊莉莎的女性独立指导教师XXX专业职称讲师所属教研室商务英语教研室研究方向英语语言文学课题论证:通过研究萧伯纳《皮格马利翁》中女主人公伊莉莎的独立意识对其生活的影响来探讨女性独立意识对女性幸福的重要影响。
萧伯纳作品赏析Pygmalion

rights, and advocate of equality of income.
Born in Dublin in 1856 to a my.
He married Charlotte Payne-Townshend in 1898, but it is known that he never touched her once.
One of Shaw’s greatest contributions as a modern dramatist is in establishing drama as serious literature, no less important than the novel.
In 1925 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature. Shaw accepted the honor but refused the money . He was a very humorous playwright.
With wondrous art, he creates a beautiful statue in ivory, Galatea, representing feminine ideal.
When Pygmalion returns home, he kisses his statue and is delighted to find that she is warm and soft to touch.
2. Who wrote the play?
George Bernard Shaw
Do you know something about Shaw? George Bernard Shaw(1856-1950) a Irish dramatist, a literary critic, a socialist spokesman, a leading figure in the 20th century
萧伯纳作品赏析Pygmalion PPT

Literary Career and Achievements
the second greatest English playwright behind only Shakespeare
“a day never passes without a performance of some Shaw play being given somewhere in the world.”
With wondrous art, he creates a beautiful statue in ivory, Galatea, representing feminine ideal.
When Pygmalion returns home, he kisses his statue and is delighted to find that she is warm and soft to touch.
He flirted with beautiful women but never had further committed relations.
He was member of Fabian Society, a middleclass socialist group that aimed at the transformation of English government and society.
萧伯纳作品赏析Pygmalion
Do you know the famous actress? Can you name some films which she acted in?
窈窕淑女 (My Fair Lady)
1964年
Questions:
1. Have you seen the film My Fair Lady ?
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窈窕淑女 (My Fair Lady) 1964年
Questions:
1. Have you seen the film My Fair Lady ? 2. Who wrote the play?
He was member of Fabian Society, a middleclass socialist group that aimed at the transformation of English government and society.
Literary Career and Achievements
Do you heard of “the Pygmalion Effect”? The Pygmalion Effect (皮格马利翁效应) is that people tend to behave as you expect they will. If you expect a person to take responsibility, they probably will. If you expect them not to even try, they probably won’t.
The Fair Lady by George Bernard
Shaw is an adaptation of a Greek
story. Do you know the story?
Pygmalion, a gifted artist, makes a stone statue of a beautiful woman. He asks the Greek Goddess to bring her to life. His wish is granted.
The Pygmalion Myth
It derives its name from the famous story in Ovid’s Metamorphoses(奥德维变形记).
Pygmalion is disgusted by the loose and shameful lives of the women in his era, women of Amathus, the first women to become live alone and unmarried.
With wondrous art, he creates a beautiful statue in ivory, Galatea, representing feminine ideal.
When Pygmalion returns home, he kisses his statue and is delighted to find that she is warm and soft to touch.
his works including: 60 plays, 5 novels, 3 volumes of music criticism, 4 volumes of dance and theatrical criticism, and heaps of social commentary, political theory, and correspondence.
George Bernard Shaw
Do you know something about Shaw? George Bernard Shaw(1856-1950) a Irish dramatist, a literary critic, a socialist spokesman, a leading figure in the 20th century theater. a freethinker, defender of women’s rights, and advocate of equality of income.
the second greatest English playwright behind only Shakespeare
“a day never passes without a performance of some Shaw play being given somewhere in the world.”
One of Shaw’s greatest contributions as a modern dramatist is in establishing drama as serious literature, no less important than the novel.
In 1925 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature. Shaw accepted the honor but refused the money . He was a very humorous playwright.
“The maiden felt the kisses, blushed and lifting her timid eyes up to the light, saw the sky and her lover at the same time.”
Born in Dublin in 1856 to a middle-class Protestant family.
He married Charlotte Payne-Townshend in 1898, but it is known that he never touched her once. He flirted with beautiful women but never had further committed relations.