蒋军虎考研英语阅读理解精读80篇
考研英语阅读理解标准90篇+提高30篇unit-20
考研英语阅读理解标准90篇+提⾼30篇unit-20Unit 20Care and diligence bring luck.谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。
P art ADirections：Read the following texts. Answer the questions blow each text by choosing [A],[B],[C] or [D].Text 1With advancing age, our bodies experience an inevitable loss of bone. Two major studies in elderly populations now underscore the importance of dietary protein in this structural erosion, which can lead to osteoporosis. The reports come to sharply different conclusion, however, about the effect of animal protein on the rate of bone loss.In one study, diets rich in animal protein correlated with greater bone loss and fracture risk. In the other, animal protein appeared to protect bone.Such contradictions, “which are not very satisfying”, often emerge from observational studies where researchers record the natural habits and health of people, notes Robert P. Heaney of Creighton University Medical Center in Omaha, Neb. “That’s not a criticism of such studies,” he says, “just a reminder of the uncontrollable variables common in populations.”However, he notes, the new studies are important because they’re in the vanguard of efforts to understand protein’s impact on age-related bone loss. This condition underlies a growing U.S. epidemic of hip fractures. Treating them costs more than $ 10 billion annually.The first of the new analyses computed bone loss over 7 years in some 750 elderly women, all taking part in a larger osteoporosis study that’s been running since 1986 at four U.S. sites.Women eating the most animal protein—roughly four times their vegetable protein intake—lost 0.8 percent of the bone in their hips annually, notes endocrinologist Deborah E. Sellmeyer, director of the University of California, San Francisco-Mount Zion Osteoporosis Center. This is four times the rate of bone loss in participants who ate about equal parts animal and vegetable protein.The risk of hip fractures in women eating the highest proportion of animal protein was 3.7 times that in women regularly downing equal quantities of animal and vegetable protein, the team reports in the January America Journal of Clinical Nutrition.The findings make sense, Sellmeyer argues, because digestion of animal protein releases large amounts of acid that the kidneys must excrete. Previous studies showed that when kidney function decreases with age and calcium intake drops, the body draws upon skeletal calcium to buffer the resulting buildup of acid, thus eroding bone. Most of the women in this study consumedonly about half of the 1,500 milligrams of daily calcium recommended for people their age.1. Which of the following statements about observational studies is true?[A] They often lead to contradictive conclusions.[B] They remind people of the uncontrollable variables in life.[C] They are often criticized by researchers.[D] Researchers record the natural habits and health of people by them.2. According to Heaney, why are the two studies important?[A] Because they reduce the number of U.S. epidemic of hip fractures.[B] Because they are the first to study protein’s effect on bone loss of elders.[C] Because they cost more than $10 billion annually.[D] Because they show observational studies can lead to contradictive conclusion.3. According to the text, the first study shows[A] elderly women take in more animal protein than vegetable protein.[B] digestion of animal protein releases more acid than that of vegetable protein.[C] diets rich in animal protein will lead to greater bone loss and fracture risk.[D] there are many uncontrollable variables in populations.4. According to previous studies, which of the following is true?[A] The amount of acid released by digestion of animal protein increases as people age.[B] Most elderly women can only take in about half of the required amount of calcium.[C] As people age, the kidney function and calcium intake increase.[D] The skeletal calcium will decrease if people can’t take in enough calcium.5. The author may go on to talk about[A] the suitable amount of animal protein for elderly people to take.[B] how to improve the intake of calcium.[C] the report of the second new analysis.[D] the significance of the new analyses.Text 2Insurance in respect of the property will be carried out by the Society in accordance with the rules and the mortgage conditions which such insurance companies as the Society may determine. The Society has a wide experience of insurance companies and of the terms offered by their policies, and places insurance with many companies who are able to provide the cover which the Society considers necessary. You may like the Society to insure with a particular company, and if so please contact immediately the Branch Office to which you submitted your application for loan, and so long as that company and its terms are acceptable to the Society the cover will be arranged accordingly. If you should suggest a company and it is not one with which the Society does business you will be informed and offered a choice of other companies. You may request change of insurance company at any time during the life of the mortgage. If your mortgage is under the endowment scheme or supported by an insurance guarantee or if the documents of title specify the company to be used it may not be possible to accept your choice.The initial sum insured will be the figure shown under the heading “Amount of Property Insurance” in the Details of Loa n. This figure is the amount recommended by the Society’s value, as his estimate of the replacement cost of the building at the date of valuation, unless some otheramount has been agreed in writing between you and the Society. No warranty is given or implied that the amount of insurance will cover complete loss.You are reminded that the market value of your property bears no relationship to the cost of replacement. The amount for which the property is insured should therefore represent not less than the cost, at the time of repair or replacement, of rebuilding all the property covered in the same materials, form, style and condition as when it is new. It should also include in complying with the requirements of the Local Authority and in removing debris, etc. The term“property”includes domestic outbuilding, garages, walls, landlords’ fixtures and fittings, etc., but excludes the value of the land.The market value of a house is therefore likely to be less than the cost of rebuilding, especially if the property is elderly. Even if the property is recently built, the work involved in reinstatement will be more expensive than the building cost which can be achieved by a builder building on an estate basis.6. Where is the text probably taken from?[A] An advertisement. [B] An information booklet.[C] A newspaper article. [D] A formal speech.7. If a customer suggests an insurance company，[A] the Society may not be able to agree to the company.[B] the Society will provide a list of alternative companies.[C] the Society will not accept responsibility for the policy.[D] it is impossible to change that company later on.8.Which of the following is true when you insure your property?[A] You should use the market value as a guide.[B] You should take the advice of your Local Authority.[C] Garages and garden sheds are not usually included.[D] You should not take the land value into account.9.When does rebuilding a property cost more than its market value?[A] Only if the property is old.[B] Particularly if the property is new.[C] Whatever the age of the property.[D] As the cost of rebuilding rises.10.We can infer from the text that[A] the Society is experienced in offering suggestions to insurance companies.[B] the insurance company will refuse your application if your choice violate its rules.[C] after evaluation, the initial sum insured will be figured out by the Society’s value.[D] the amount for which the property is insured is required by the Local Authority.Text 3Imagine that I have $100 and I offer you $ 20 of it, no strings attached. You’d take it, right? Any fool would; it’s a windfall. But imagine further that you know I must give away part of my $ 100 or lose it all. All of a sudden my motives aren’t entirely altruistic, but I’m still offering you free money. Take it or leave it, but no negotiation allowed. How would you feel? What would you do?If you were like a lot of people who have answered these questions in a psychological experiment over the years, you would now feel conflicted. Many of these people actually walked away from the deal, even though it would have meant a no-strings-attached twenty bucks in their pockets. Why? Because the arrangement is fundamentally unfair, and once you know this your basic sense of moral indignation clicks in. Your emotions and principles trump your pure rationality.Psychologists have demonstrated this in the laboratory, time and time again. It’s known as the Ultimatum Game, and its counterintuitive findings are part of a broad new understanding of how the human brain and mind work. Consider another experiment from the emerging field of social neuroscience. Psychologist John Bargh flashed words in front of volunteers, but so rapidly that they did not register in the conscious mind. Some of the words had to do with rudeness (like impolite and obnoxious) while others were the opposite (respect, considerate). The volunteers were later put in a simulated situation in which they could be civil toward one another—or not. Many who had seen the words associated with rudeness were not.Two-thirds of the volunteers who had been primed with rudeness words interrupted another person afterward, compared to only 16 percent of those primed with politeness words.Marketers and politicians are already familiar with these advances in brain science, and are using this knowledge to control our behavior. Advertisements are deliberately designed to target the emotional brain and create bonds, even cravings (one of our basest and most powerful emotional drives). Extensive research shows that our brains have certain hardwired inclinations that might be exploited. For example, our brains tend to register frequently heard facts as true, even if they are patently false. As a result, our memories and beliefs are highly malleable and unreliable. We also tend, if unchecked by the conscious reasoning mind, to focus overly on risk, inconvenience, hassles—anything negative. And researchers have found that we all carry around an innate hostility toward “otherness,” which means anyone not like us.Despite remarkable progress in understanding the brain’s anatomy and biochemistry, the organ is far too complex an array of interconnected circuits to be that easily manipulated with simple subconscious stimuli. Advertis ers may be disappointed to hear it, but there is no “Buy now!” switch hidden among the neurons and synapses.11. 100 dollar deal suggests that[A] money is nothing compared with moral principles.[B] where there is no pain, there is no gain.[C] emotional reaction often overpowers rational thinking.[D] a motive is often at work when money is given away.12. J ohn Bargh’s experiment wanted to find out[A] whether words were better memorized through conscious training.[B] how people’s minds reacted to words of rudeness or politeness.[C] how the emotional parts of our brains can be manipulated.[D] what kind of words had the greatest effect on people’s minds.13. Politician can persuade us to believe what is apparently false by[A] creating our desire for it. [B] repeating it frequently.[C] bringing it to our conscious mind. [D] pretending to reject it themselves.14. What can we infer from the last paragraph?[A] Some findings in modern neuroscience have been misused,[B] Not many advertisements are as well-written as they should be.[C] People’s subconscious mind is not so easily manipulated.[D] There are many things yet unknown to today’s neuroscientists.15. Which of the following is closest to the messge the text tries to convey?[A] The latest advances in neuroscience. [B] Marketing and mind control.[C] Advertisement writing techniques. [D] The conflict between emotions and principles.Text 4The making of classifications by literary historians can be a somewhat risky enterprise. When Black poets are discussed separately as a group, for instance, the extent to which their work reflects the development of poetry in general should not be forgotten, or a distortion of literary history may result. This reminder is particularly relevant in an assessment of the differences between Black poets at the turn of last century (1900-1909) and those of the generation of the 1920’s. These differences include the bolder and more forthright speech of the later generation and its technical inventiveness. It should be remembered, though, that comparable differences also existed for similar generations of White poets.When poets of the 1910’s and 1920’s are considered together, however, the distinctions that literary historians might make between “conservative”and “experimental”would be of little significance in a discussion of Black poets, although theseremain helpful classifications for White poets of these decades. Certainly differences can be noted between “conservative”Black poets such as Countee Cullen and Cluade McKay and “experimental”ones such as Jean Toomer and Langston Hughes. But Black poets were not battling over old or new styles; rather, one accomplished Black poet was ready to welcome another, whatever his or her style, for what mattered was racial pride.However, in the 1920’s Black poets did debate whether they should deal with specifically racial subjects. They asked whether they should only write about Black experience for a Black audience or whether such demands were restrictive.③It may be said, though, that virtually all these poets wrote their best poems when they spoke out of racial feeling, race being, as James Weldon Johnson rightly put it, “inevitably the thing the Negro poet knows best.”At the turn of the 20th century, by contrast, most Black poets generally wrote in the conventional manner of the age and expressed noble, if vague, emotions in their poetry. These poets were not unusually gifted, though Roscoe Jamision and G. M. McClellen may be mentioned as exceptions. They chose not to write in dialect, which, as Sterling Brown has suggested,“meant a rejection of stereotypes of Negro life,” and they refused to write only about racial subjects. This refusal had both a positive and a negative consequence. As Brown observes, “V aluably insisting that Negro poets should not be confined to issues of race, these poets committed (an) error... they refused to look into their hearts and write.” These are important insights, but one must stress that this refusal to look within was also typical of most White poets of the United States at the time. They, too, often turned from their own experience and consequently produced not very memorable poems about vague topics, such as the peace of nature.16. In the author’s opinion, the attitude toward classification in the literary history should be[A] enthusiastic. [B] sympathetic.[C] defensive. [D] cautious.17. According to paragraph 2, what counts most for Black poets is[A] the making of classification by literary historians.[B] the distinction between “conservative” and “experimental”.[C] racial achievement despite differences in poetic styles.[D] the classifications of the white poets of their decade.18 An issue facing Black poets in the 1920’s was whether they should[A] achieve a consensus on new techniques of poetry.[B] write exclusively about and for Blacks.[C] withdraw their support from a repressive society.[D] identify themselves with an international movement of Black writers.19. According to the text, most turn-of-the-century Black poets generally[A] wrote in ways that did not challenge accepted literary practice.[B] used dialects to express their inner feeling and values.[C] expressed complex feelings in the words of ordinary people.[D] interpreted the frustrations of Blacks to an audience of Whites20. Sterling Brown is mentioned in the last paragraph in order to[A] present an interpretation of some Black poets that contradicts that of the author’s.[B] introduce a distinction between Black poets who used dialect and White poets who did not.[C] suggest the effects of some Black poets’ decision not to write only about racial subjects.[D] prove that Black poets rejected the racial discrimination of their time.Part BDirections:You are going to read a text about the tips on Building Leadership Power, followed by a list of examples or explanations. Choose the best item from the list [A]-[F] for each numbered subheading (1-5). There is one extra item which you do not need to use.Some people see the leader as a motivator, while others define a leader as one having extraordinary vision and decision-making power. Several noted authors in the field offer sound definitions of leadership.There are many different power bases that a leader can use and exploit. There are three types of positive power that effective leaders use: charismatic power, expert power and referent power.This article teaches the technique of building these powers.21. Promote an image of expertiseAfter all, if you’ve worked hard to gain knowledge, it’s fair that you get credit for it.22. Get the power to rouseThe inspiration is the subject of the “Get the Power to Rouse” module. In it, you’ll learn how motivation works, and find out how best to motivate and inspire your team, with the huge performance improvements that come with this.23. Task allocationIn any team sport, a lot of time is spent choosing the players who will play in each game. The selection process also involves deciding the position where each team member will play, based on the player’s skill, form (current ability to perform well) and the likely opposition that the team will face.24. Keep your eye on the targetNotice I didn’t say “Keep Your Eye on the Goal”. If I looked at the goal when shooting the basketball, I missed more shots than if I looked at the top corner of the square on the backboard. Just like creating and concentrating on supportive marketing steps help you achieve the ultimate goal.25. Harmonize the teamOnce you’ve identified strengths and areas of development, harmonizing skill gives you the skills and techniques you need to build a well-balanced leadership style. You’ll develop the emotional sureness of touch shown by the best leaders, and learn to build the team consciousness, mutually trusting relationships with team members needed if your team is to perform “as one”. This is the classic model of leadership. It creates an immensely positive impact on the team’s emotional climate.In conclusion, as the amelioration of the modern corporate governance nowadays, leadership has never been more important. Governments, businesses, nonprofit organizations, and international alliances all seek excellent leaders. And building excellent leadership is not as complicated as you may imagine. Besides, since society has changed hugely over the last 50 years, citizens are individually more powerful, and employees are more able to shift jobs, few of us enjoy having power exerted over us. These changes make flexible and powerful leadership skills more necessary than ever before. [A] When to the extent that people on the team are really mad at one certain person or more over there, or they can’t stand the team leader, they will not contribute their best. Then they won’t work well with other people; they won’t be seamless in their efforts. And the actual performance of the team will be lowered directly.[B] For example, a visionary leader may clearly articulate where the team is going but not how it will get there. This sets people free to innovate, experiment, and take calculated risks. To be effective using this module, a leader needs a well-developed sense of empathy. You have to be able to read people, to sense what they are feeling and if they resonate with the picture you are painting.[C] An important tactic is to make subtle references to prior education or experience (e.g., “When I was chief engineer at GE, we had a problem similar to this one”). Beware; however, this tactic can easily be overdone.[D] For example, if you need 720 new customers this year to make a half a million dollars, then you need 60 new customers per month (720/12 months). If you normally get a 2% response from your marketing methods, then you know you need to contact 3,000 people each month through your marketing methods to get 60 new customers (60 is 2% of 3,000).[E] If, as a leader, one of his primary concerns is not the welfare of his team, then he will never know just how successful they can be. Positive regard for your people leads to the best customer service, the highest level of contribution by each team member and the highest profits.[F] Besides, where you have a gap, you may need to train existing team members, or recruit to fill the gap. Often, training isthe best option: Not only is it usually cheaper, you also know more about the individual’s talents and working methods. On the downside, a newly trained person usually has plenty of theory, but lacks the experience of putting that training into practice.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.26)The race for high-definition television is considered important by some experts because the technology may represent more than a path to sparkling images and sound as good as that on compact discs. Some experts see it creating a wide variety of new uses, including video systems for education, industry, medical imaging and the military.27)Moreover, the technology is so demanding electronically, requiring scores of advanced new computer chips, that it is seen as a new driving force for the semiconductor industry, potentially providing greater demand than computers. Both Europe and Japan have based their efforts on the development of analog systems that use wavelike transmission signals. These signals can easily be disrupted by static. Moreover, they are broadcast by satellites (Japan has one in orbit and Europe will soon) and are therefore not available to regular television viewers.28)Satellite transmissions aimed at a small geographic area or nation are relatively easy to accomplish, but experts say they cannot rival the economic advantages of terrestrial broadcasting that allows local programming and local advertising. The basic goal of high-definition television is to increase the number of lines in a television picture, thus sharpening it. The challenge is not just the making of high-quality picture tubes. It also is devising a way to process and transmit all the extra information that is needed to animate the added scanning lines.The solution is signal compression. It relies heavily on digital processing, which breaks the analog signals from a camera into digital pulses that are sliced, diced and rearranged with high precision. In a technique known as conditional replenishment, a series of images is digitally analyzed and object moving. The static background is sent only once.29)Another technique reduces the data flow even further by taking into account that the human eye perceives fewer details on a moving object than a stationary one.30)Both Europe and Japan do some of this kind of digital signal compression, but then they switch back to analog signals for transmission to television sets, since that was the accepted approach when they started their work.The advantage of digital transmissions is error reduction. Electronic flaws, called noise, that invade an analog signal are sometimes nearly impossible to differentiate from the signal itself. But since a digital signal is made up of a string of simple pulses, noise stands out and is easily removed. Similar techniques of digital transmission are how deep-space probes send back stunning photos like Voyager 2 recently radioed from Neptune(海王星).做题点拨与全⽂翻译Part AText 1语境词汇1.inevitable a.不可避免的，必然的2.underscore v.强调3.protein n.蛋⽩质4.erosion n.腐蚀，侵蚀，磨损；削弱，减少5.osteoporosis n.⾻质疏松症6.correlate vi.(to, with)相关，关联v.使相互关联7.fracture n.⾻折，破裂v.(使)破裂8.vanguard n.先驱，先锋9.endocrinologist n.内分泌学专家10.excrete v.排泄，分泌11.buffer v.缓解，起缓冲作⽤n.缓冲器12.skeletal a.⾻骼的难句突破1.The risk of hip fractures in women (eating the highest proportion of animal protein) was 3.7 times that in women (regularly downing equal quantities of animal and vegetable protein), the team reports [in the January America Journal of Clinical Nutrition].【分析】复合句。
研究生英语阅读教程（提高级第三版）课后翻译答案（单独整理的）
1.就连乔·巴顿，对全球变暖持怀疑态度、来自得克萨斯州的共和党众议员，都谴责BP管理人员“对安全和环境问题表现得漠不关心”。
2.显然，考虑到清理费用和对BP 声誉的影响，高管们真希望可以回到过去，多花些钱让“深水地平线”更安全。
他们没有增加这笔费用就表明他们认为钻机在当时的状态下不会出问题。
3.埃克森公司瓦尔迪兹漏油事件发生后，在1990年的一个法案很少引人注意的一项条款中，美国国会将钻机泄漏清理费用的责任上限定为7500 万美元。
即使对旅游业、渔业等造成的经济损失高达数十亿美元，责任方也仅需要支付7500 万美元。
4.不过，如果认为我们目前仍然低估的只是那些突然间引人注目的风险，那是非常愚蠢的。
Lesson 21 It is a cliché, as it is to talk of apocalypse and nightm are, but when someth ing is beyond our experience, we reach for the points of refere nce we have. 说到世界末日和噩梦又是老生常谈，但是当事情超出我们的经验时，我们总会寻找现有的东西作为参照。
2 Lest you should ever forget the smalln ess of being human, the iconic Mount Fuji, instantly recognisable yet somehow differ ent on every viewin g, is an extinc t volcano. 唯恐你会忘记作为人类的渺小，标志性富士山，一眼即能认出但不知何故每次观看又呈现出不同景象，就是一座死火山。
考研英语二准备用书推荐
204英语二考研资料书
一、204英语二考研资料书
1 、高教版考试用书•全国硕士研究生入学统一考试：英语二考试大纲解析
2、华研外语：淘金考研英语二历年真题
3、MBA/MPA/MPACC等专业学位考研英语二：阅读理解精读80篇(套装上下册)，蒋军虎，北京航空航天大学出版社
4、考研英语(二)词汇进阶精点，专业学位硕士联考命题研究组，机械工业出版社
5、MBA、MPA、MPAcc等专业学位考研英语二高分作文老蒋笔记(2013) 蒋军虎，北京航空航天大学出版社
二、204英语二考研题型
英语知识运用，在一篇约350词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳答案，10分。
阅读理解A部分共四篇文章，总长度为1500词左右，每篇文章设5个问题，共20题，每小题2分，共40分。
B 部分三种备选题型10分
英译汉15分
写作：A部分根据所给情景写出约100词的应用性短文，10分B部分根据所规定的情景或给出的提纲，写出一篇150词以上的英语说明文或议论文，15分
1、考研英语（二）历年真题，老蒋详解39.8—真题是必备的啊，不然怎么知道出题风格。
2、英语二—老蒋—阅读理解精读80篇42.8—阅读理解很重要，这本书还没来得及写，但是个人写了几篇，觉得略比英语二难一些，平时练难一点，有帮助呵呵！
3、英语二—考试大纲解析32——这本书必备啊，因为做一本你就能明白英语1和2的差别了，教育部权威
4、考研英语—高分写作，新东方（英语一，英语二通用）30——这本书人手一本啊，可见质量很高哦。
我的艺术硕士(MFA)考研全经验
我以上所说是基础和综合都适用的，希望能对你也有用。再说回我自己考的奇烂无比的那门综合，我想是名在你认为靠谱的例子中挑走你觉得最棒的放在你的大题里，你也可以适当扩展。
第二，看书。这里的书不是指专业课的课本，而是美学大家们写的那些比较好理解又美好的书，正适合我们。朱光潜的《谈美》和李泽厚的《美的历程》都是公认的好书，我当时只看了朱光潜老师的书，因为书比较薄，接受更容易，文字更易懂……好吧，说白了，就是我的时间不够看那么多书……我复习的算晚的了，所以只挑了一本啃，好歹算是做了简单的笔记快速看了一遍。虽然只有一遍，但是不是走马观花为了看而看，看到有用的例子和美的句子要标识，下次写题要用上去。我记得我当时只要看到了对我有用的例子或是得到的启发，我都高兴的写几千字的大题都不觉得手疼，那种感觉是很棒的。
例子最好不要照着那些复习资料或者是课本写，因为用那些复习资料的人很多，如果大家的例子都一样，就谈不上能写出一道漂亮的简答或是论述了。在写简答或是论述题时，最好能自己找到可爱的例子，我的方法有三个（这些方法也许不聪明，我也没有那个天赋，都是靠自己一点一点摸索出来的，但是回想起那段用生命在写大题的日子，仍然感觉自己挺了不起的…ok，此处省略很多字数挺低的，费了很多时间去学，结果却相去甚远，也许是领悟的真的不到位吧，政治中的题很多时候字眼是很重要的，所以在做题时要审清题目，我简要说一下我的学习方法。我买的是肖秀荣那本1000题，肖秀荣的书说是‘1000题’，其实怎么也得有3000，所以也就是说这3000题我全都做了一遍，合起来怎么也得做了4、5000道政治选择题。当然我当时在学时并不是追求数量，只是希望自己多见识一些题，而且这些题我做完一遍后的错题以及当时蒙对的题我都用笔做下标记，然后第二遍再做时专门做那些错题，第二遍又做错的再重点标记做第三遍，第三遍后第四遍……是的，政治的这两册题我做了近四遍，甚至马原那章因为难我做了更多遍…...所以政治的复习真的是问心无愧了，在当时的复习过程中也感觉良好，至于怎么就考了那么低的分数，真的只有声叹息了。
研究生英语阅读教程(提高级)课后习题翻译(带原文、最全版)
Lesson 11. Yesterday’s terrorism darkened, marked and forever altered the way Americans live their lives. 昨日发生的恐怖主义活动使美国人的生活暗淡无光，在他们的生活中留下了印迹，并永远地改变了他们的生活。
2. “We are going to have to learn what a lot of other countries have gone through: to manage fear at a cultural and national level,” said Charles Figley, a professor of trauma psychology at Florida State University. “We’re getting a lesson in the way fear works.”佛罗里达州立大学创伤心理学教授查尔斯?费格里说:“我们得学一学其它许多国家曾经经历过的东西，那就是从文化上和在全国范围内来应对恐惧。
”他还说:“我们正在体验恐惧是怎样起作用的。
”3. In a country long proud and even boastful of its openness—a country where an ordinary citizen can stroll through the U.S. Capitol unescorted—the terrorist attacks are likely to force Americans to a lot of that. Metal detectors now mark the front door of many government buildings, and security guards are a fixture in the lobby of most large office buildings.美国是一个一向以开放自豪甚至洋洋得意的国家，在这里，人们可以独自在美国国会大楼中闲庭信步，而现在，恐怖袭击很有可能迫使美国人处处小心，惶惶不可终日。
中考英语靶向击破专题13 阅读理解(解析版)
阅读理解（一）（2019河南信阳模拟）On February 9th, 2013, Sarah Darling was walking along the street when she met a homeless man named Billy Ray Harris. She reached into her change purse, emptied out all the coins she had and gave them to the homeless man. Neither of them realized that this small generous act would change their lives.Sarah didn’t realize that she had given Billy not only all her change but also her diamond ring that she had put in her change purse earlier until the next morning. She and her husband, Bill Krejci, rushed to see if they could find Billy. The homeless man was not only in the same place, he also immediately returned the ring. The grateful couple paid him back for his honesty by emptying out their pockets of all the money they had.Bill Krejci, a web designer, felt that he needed to do something more for this amazingly honest man. So on February 18th, he set up a special page to raise money for him. In just four days, Billy received over $85,000 and there seems to be no end yet.That is not enough. Billy is living with a person who is generous instead of living in the streets. And that’s not all—thanks to the news report, he got together again with his older brother, Edwin Harris who he had been unable to find for 27 years.All the good luck is just because Billy did the right thing—returning something that did not belong to him.1.When did Sarah realize that she had also given Billy her diamond ring?A.On February 9th, 2013.B.On February 10th, 2013.C.On February 18th, 2013.D.On February 22nd 2013.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。
MBA备考：蒋军虎英语长难句
1、They also serve who only stand and wait.结构分析：关键是对who引导的从句进行性质定位，多数同学第一反应是把who引导的从句视作成serve的宾语从句，这样理解一方面句意略有瑕疵，另一方面who引导宾语从句时多是疑问词义“谁”，表示疑问，例如：I wonder who stole my wallet.我不知道谁偷了我的钱包。
因此，可以转而想到分隔结构，定语和所修饰的名词有三种关系“前定”、“后定”和“分定”，前两种情况大家比较熟悉，“分定”比较陌生，例如：He laughs best (who laughts last).（笑到最后的）人笑得最好。
此句本应写成：He (who laughs last) laughs best.，但出于避免头重脚轻，句式结构平衡的需要，将定语从句后置，和前面的名词发生了分隔。
本句话就属于“分定”的情形，who引导定语从句修饰主语they。
参考译文：那些站在一旁等候的人们也在帮忙。
此句话出自大学英语第二册第六课，本是约翰尔顿诗句（This quotation is often used to comfort those who did not take direct part in an activity but only provided support.）。
2、They should have known better than to ask about this.结构分析：a\此句话中包含有一个比较结构句型：know better than to do.意思是“（某人）明事理不会做某事”或者“不至于愚蠢到做某事”。
b\注意时态的使用should have done，“本应该做某事（但没做）”，表示责备。
参考译文：我本该知道，不应多此一问。
4月27日（周一）Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond me.词汇注解：be prepared to do愿意做某事；准备做某事tolerate vt. 容忍dubious adj. 可疑的privilege n. 特权，好处the country 乡下，农村beyond sb. 超出某人的能力范围Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond me.为了得到生活在乡下的那些难以确定的好处，人们愿意每天忍受四小时的旅途，这让我难以理解！{Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country} is beyond me .本句话是主系表结构，括弧里面是why引导的名词性从句，作主语（即主语从句），系动词是is，表语是beyond me.此句话也可以调整为：It is beyond me {why...}此句话翻译的难点是括弧里面的从句，要记得课堂上所讲的状语前置这一原则，先翻译for...这一目的状语更恰当一些。
考研英语阅读理解精读100篇unit90
考研英语阅读理解精读100篇unit90Unit 90Watching a child struggle to breathe during an asthma attack is frightening for any parent. So it is only natural that most moms and dads will try just about anything——including spending a lot of money——to keep an attack at bay. Trouble is, more than half of parents are trying strategies that simply don't work and wasting hundreds of dollars in the process, according to a study published last week in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.The report, based on interviews with the parents of 896 asthmatic children in 10 different cities, contained some good news. Eighty percent of parents had a handle on at least one of the triggers that worsened their children's asthma. After that, however, many parents seemed to go astray, taking precautions that weren't helpful "and made little sense," according to Dr. Michael Cabana, a pediatrician at the University of Michigan's C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, who led the study.One of the most common mistakes was to buy a mattress cover to protect against dust mites for a child whose asthma was exacerbated instead by plant pollen. Many of those parents then neglected to do what would have helped a lot more: shut the windows to keep pollen out. Another was using a humidifier for a child who was allergic to dust mites; a humidifier tends to be a place where dust mites like to breed. With those allergies, a dehumidifier works better.Worst of all was the number of smokers with asthmatic children who didn't even try to quit or at least limit themselves to smoking outdoors rather than just moving to another room orthe garage. Second-hand smoke has been proved, over and over again, to be a major trigger of asthma attacks. Many smoking parents purchased expensive air filters that have what Cabana called "questionable utility."Part of the problem, Dr. Cabana and his colleagues believe, is that parents are bombarded by television ads that encourage them to buy products such as air and carpet fresheners, ionizers and other remedies that are often expensive but medically unnecessary. And doctors may not always take the time, or have the time, to explain to parents what will and won't work in their child's particular case. For example, allergies are usually a problem for older children with asthma, while kids 5 and younger more frequently have trouble with viral respiratory infections. So make sure you understand what's really triggering your child's asthma. And remember, the best solutions are not always the most expensive ones.注（１）：本文选自Time，8/30/2004，p67；注（２）：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题T ext 11. What does the study by Dr. Michael Cabana indicate?[A]Parents are eager to cure of their children's disease.[B]Many parents are wasting money for their children's frightening disease.[C] Many parents fail to find the effective way for their children's disease.[D]Parents feel worried about their children's disease.2. Which of the following is not the trigger of asthma attacks?[A]Humidifier.[B]Second-hand smoke.[C]Plant pollen.[D]Dust mites.3. The expression “to keep an attack at bay” （Line 3, Paragraph 1） most probably means ________.[A]to ease the attack[B]to lessen the attack[C]to continue the attack[D]to prevent the attack4. Why are the parents in such a dilemma?[A]The doctors are not responsible enough.[B]Parents are influenced much by ads.[C]Parents are ignorant of the disease.[D]The quality of medical products is not good.5. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A]Parents shouldn't spend too much money on the children.[B]The expensive products are not always good.[C]To know the real trigger of the disease is very important.[D]Parents often make mistakes.答案：CADBC篇章剖析本文采用提出问题——说明问题——分析问题的模式，指出哮喘病患儿家长在防治哮喘方面存在的问题、错误及其误区。
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第三部分：阅读理解(每小题2分，满分40分)(A)Nine years ago, after Leo had died, people said to me, "I never knew he was your stepfather." You see, I never called him that. At first, he was no one special in my life. Then he became my friend. In time, I felt he was also my father.Leo married my mother when I was eleven. Two years later we moved into a house in a new suburban(郊区的)development, where we put down roots. At first our lawn (草坪) was just a pile of mud with wild grass, but Leo saw bright possibilities. "We'll plant trees there to give us shade as well as some flowers," he said. And just these little touches made our house different from all the others. More important, a real family was forming within this house, with its own special traditions. Leo was becoming a fulltime parent, and I was learning what it meant to have a father. Weekday mornings when the weather was bad, Leo often drove me to school. Having a father drop you off may have been something my classmates took for granted, but I always thought it was wonderful. Saturday mornings, we went to the hardware(五金)shop, then stepped into the five and ten, buying a sports magazine or something else. Some people might think that doing shopping together is nothing special, but I, who had ever before spent my childhood watching other families do their everyday activities, experienced them now with extreme delight. Looking back, I realized that Leo gave me what I needed most, the experience of doing ordinary things together as a family.Soon after we moved to the suburbs, one of our new neighbors introduced herself tome. She had already met my mother and Leo. "You know," she said, "you look just like your father." I knew she was just making conversation but even so... "Thank you", I said. Why tell her anything different?56. The writer's purpose in writing this passage is _______.A. to share her unforgettable experiencesB. to show how interesting a person Leo wasC. to remind us of our parentsD. to explain why they moved to the suburbs57. Which of the following can be used in place of "put down roots"?A. Settled.B. Planted.C. Farmed.D. Worked.58. In the writer's opinion, _______.A. it is not easy for stepfamilies to live togetherB. not all the stepfathers are as good as LeoC. the husband and wife must think more about their children before they divorce(离婚)D. in stepfamilies the love and friendship are extremely precious59. When he said "Why tell her anything different", the writer meant that _______.A. he should have told her the truthB. he wouldn't tell her the truthC. he wanted to tell her something that had nothing to do with LeoD. he'd like to keep silence whenever he met the neighbors(B)The modern Olympic Games were founded with the intention of improving health and education, promoting world peace, and encouraging fair and equal competition. But over the years, the Olympic saying, "faster, higher, stronger", has pushed scientists as well as athletes to doeverything possible to reach new levels.Doctors, engineers and coaches all use everything science has to offer to achieve that little bit extra in competition. The reason modern technology has become part of sport is very simple: winning is just as important as it was 2,500 years ago at the Olympics of ancient Greece. Developments in technology have often been reflected in the methods of training and performance at the Olympics through history. This technology falls into two main groups: improving an athlete's performance in competition, and allowing results to be measured more accurately.One of the creations that has drawn the most attention is the new high-tech swimsuit from Speedo, which was used by many US swimmers in Athens. Until Sydney 2000, it was thought that the smaller the swimsuit, the faster the swimmer would travel."However, the fact that at the Sydney Olympics, 28 of the 33 gold medalists were wearing the body covering Fastskin suit proved the theory was out of date," said Andy Thomas, vice-president of Speedo.The company's full body suit is supposed to make swimmers 3 to 4 percent faster, particularly when turning or diving into the water. It is believed that the suit creates less water resistance as it moves, behaving more like a shark skin than a human skin.The introduction of high-tech equipment means that athletes in all sports, from the 100-metre sprint to the pole vault, can now train more effectively.Meanwhile, scientific development also means performances can be measured and studied more accurately. Not only are winning times more accurately recorded, but cheating athletes are easier to catch out. Athens 2004 organizers promised to use only the very latest equipment to measure distance and speed.60. Which is not the first aims of the modern Olympic Games?A. Improving health and education.B. Promoting world peace.C. Encouraging fair and equal competition.D. Winning medals.61. The reason modern technology has become part of sport is that people ______.A. make every effort to win medalsB. do their best to invent new sports equipmentC. try to test their abilitiesD. want to improve their condition of competition62. From the passage we know______.A. before the Sydney Olympics people thought the less the swimmers wore, the faster they swamB. at the Sydney Olympics among 33 swimming and diving gold medalists, 28 wore the full body suit made by SpeedoC. people think the body covering swimsuit is not popularD. it is believed that the new high-tech suit creates no water resistance as it moves63. In the passage it mentions that high technology is involved in ______ aspects.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 4(C)"Life is speeding up. Everyone is getting unwell."This may sound like something someone would say today. But in fact, an unknown citizen wholived in Rome in AD 53 wrote it.We all love new inventions. They are exciting, amazing and can change our lives.But have all these developments really improved the quality of our lives?Picture this: You're rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings, a QQ message from your friend appears on the screen, the noise from the television is getting louder and louder. Suddenly the computer goes blank and you lose all your work. Now you have to stay up all night to get it done. How calm and happy do you feel?Inventions have speeded up our lives so much that they often leave us feeling stressed and tired. Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities, who have no telephones, no cars, not even any electricity often seem to be happier? Perhaps because they lead simple lives.One family in the UK went "back in time" to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today. The grandparents, with their daughter, and grandsons Benjamin, 10 and Thomas, 7, spent nine weeks in a 1940s house. They had no washing machine, microwave, computer or mobile phones.The grandmother, Lyn, said: "It was hard physically. But not mentally." She believed life was less materialistic (物质的). "The more things you have, the more difficult life becomes," she said. The boys said they fought less. Probably, they said, because there was less to fight over, such as their computer. Also Lyn changed from being a "fashionable, beer-drinking granny, to one who cooked things."Here are some simple ways to beat the stress often caused by our inventions!· Don't be available all the time. Turn off your mobile phone at certain times of the day. Don't check your emails every day.· Make sure you spend some time talking to your family. Set aside one evening a week when you don't turn on the television. Play cards and chat instead.· Get a low-tech hobby. Every day, do something in the old-fashioned way, such as walking to have a face-to-face meeting instead of using the email or telephone.· Don't worry too much about life -- laugh more!64. The passage is mainly about ________.A. problems with technologyB. improvements of our life with technologyC. the important roles technology plays in our everyday lifeD. major changes which will be likely to happen to technology65. The writer uses the quote(引语) at the beginning of the story to ________.A. share a truth about lifeB. tell us what life was like long time agoC. make us wonder what causes such a thing to happenD. point out that you experience some big problems and they may be the same66. Why did the family choose to spend some time in a 1940s house?A. Because they loved to live simple lives.B. Because they were curious about how people lived without modern inventions.C. Because they were troubled by modern inventions.D. Because living in a different time would be a lot of fun for them.67. What do you think the underlined word "available" in the 1st suggestion offered by thewriter means?A. Busy on time.B. Free.C. Be able to.D. To be found by others.(D)It's great to go on vacation, but it's also nice to come home. Migrating (迁徙) birds seem to feel the same way. Birds such as black-tailed godwits, a migrating bird that can be found in Europe, Asia, North Africa and north Australia, fly south every winter. Then, they return home to spend the summer months with their life long partner.Now, scientists have found, pairs of godwits often return to their summer breeding (繁殖) grounds within three days of each other, even though they spend the entire winter apart. It's as if they arranged the date that they would meet up again.Researchers in England, put coloured leg bands on the birds. Then, they asked birdwatchers around Europe to report by email when and where they saw the birds during the winter.The simplest way for birds to return at the same time would be to spend the winter together. After all, if they're in different places, they can't call each other on the phone and talk about when they'll meet again. But, the survey found that couples usually spent their winters in different countries up to 1, 000 kilometres apart. One male, for example, spent the winter on the coast of Ireland while his mate was in France.These findings are important for protecting the birds, scientists say. Black-tailed godwits live for up to 25 years. They spend their summers in Iceland, where they mate, but they spread all over other parts of Europe in winter. Once a pair mates, there's a 90 per cent chance that they'll return to mate with each other again the next year. So, protection of their wide web of holiday destinations (目的地) is very important.How do the birds arrange their date of return? Unless scientists find their feathered cellphones, that question will remain a mystery.68.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Migrating birds all fly south every winter.B. Migrating birds return home in summer.C. Godwits often fly south in couples every winter.D. Godwits often return home almost at the same time.69.According to the passage we know that ______.A. the birds return at the same time because they arrange the date before they partB. the couples don't spend their winters together because they want to live apart for some timeC. the birds use their special feathered cellphones to arrange their dateD. once two birds become a couple they are likely to mate again the next year70.We can infer from the passage that______.A. black-tailed godwits are loyal to their matesB. black-tailed godwits return home only to spend their summersC. we know how to find and feed black-tailed godwitsD. we know why couples of godwits usually spend their winters in different places71.Which is the best title?A. How Birds Spend Their WintersB. How Birds Spend Their SummersC. Birds Come Back Home for LoveD. Birds Are to Be Protected(E)Nowadays, more and more lovers are using email to communicate with each other. The result: a new culture of love-letter writing has evolved and is rewriting the rules of how we express our love.Make no mistake: in many cases email love letters significantly resemble their ancestors. The verbal imagery has hardly changed. Experts believe, in fact, that far more people now carry out sweet talk in cyberspace than in the time before email came along. When people use email, everything is more relaxed, and less curious. This helps the sweet words flow.Nicola Doering, a media researcher, emphasizes that for many people contact over email is simpler: "The language is different in traditional letters; people tend to write more like they speak." This means that sometimes less thought goes into an email than a traditional love letter. Emails are more casual. This is obviously encouraging for many people.But for romantic emails, writers reach back to the language of poetry. "Your clear-blue eyes" is typical of the kind of phrase found in love letters. Moreover, at least one traditional symbol between lovers has made an outstanding comeback. Even in the love letters of the 19th century, one often found the letter X as a symbol of a kiss. Many paper love letters would have three X's at the bottom as closing. And this symbol is often used today between lovers in their email messages. In spite of all the technological advancement that email represents, classic love letters on paper still have a special meaning, the experts say. Ink on paper simply affects many people more strongly than lines on a computer screen. It appears more serious, more permanent, as if written for all time. Sometimes people want to have something to touch, a letter that you can hold in your hand is obviously better than an email.But Internet technology is ready to help even those with the courage to write a classic handwritten love letter. What stops many lovers from penning their most romantic thoughts is not a lack of good intentions but an inability to piece together a few sweet lines, says Thomas Neuss, the organizer of one Internet site devoted to romantic letters.72. The author strongly believes that ______.A. email love letters are more significant than traditional onesB. email love letters are more convenient than traditional onesC. most email love letters copy sweet words from traditional onesD. most email love letters are quite similar to traditional ones73. In the second paragraph, the term "verbal imagery" refers to ______.A. the oral workB. the sweet wordsC. the verb formD. their ancestor74. Which of the following is NOT the author's opinion on traditional love letters?A. They have a better effect.B. They aren't out of date.C. They are more reliable.D. They are more romantic.75. By showing that the letter X is popular in email love letters, the author intends to tell us______.A. many people like using letters to express their loveB. traditional symbol between lovers has been popularC. the romantic expression is also employed in emailsD. the language in email love letters becomes simpler。