主动语态被动语态转换

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主动语态和被动语态的转换

主动语态和被动语态的转换

主动语态和被动语态的转换语态(Voice) 是动词的一种形式,它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。

语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。

被动语态(Passive Voice) 表示句子的主语是动作的承受者。

主动语态则表示主语是动作的执行者。

(1)各种时态的被动语态1)一般现在时的被动语态We sweep the floor every day. The floor is swept every day by us .We clean the windows every week. The windows are cleaned every week by us.2)现在进行时的被动语态Miss Chen is teaching me English now. I am being taught English by Miss Chen now.I am writing my homework. My homework is being written by me.The girl is watering flowers. The flowers are being watered by the girl.3)现在完成时的被动语态We have bought a new house recently. A new house has been bought recently by us.We have planted a lot of flowers in the classroom.A lot of flowers have been planted in our classroom.4)一般将来时的被动语态I shall/will do a better job next time. A better job will be done next time.My father is going to stop smoking. Smoking is going to be stopped by my father.He is going to help me tomorrow. I am going to be helped by him tomorrow.Where are you going to put these tables? Where are these tables going to be put by you? You are to deliver these flowers before ten. These flower were to be delivered before ten.I am to find an interesting story. An interesting story was to be found .Many people are about to lose their jobs. Their jobs ____________________ lost.I am about to finish my homework when he comes in.My homework ________________________when he comes in.一般将来时的动词形式1.主动语态:shall/will +v. 被动语态:shall/will be +v-ed.2.主动语态:am/is /are going to +v. 被动语态:am/is /are going to be +v-ed.3.主动语态:am/is /are to +v. 被动语态:am/is/are to be +v-ed.4.主动语态:am/is /are about to +v. 被动语态:am/is/are about to be +v-ed.注意:只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有被动语态。

英语语法:主动语态变被动语态的一些方法

英语语法:主动语态变被动语态的一些方法

英语语法:主动语态变被动语态的一些方法主动语态变被动语态的方法1. 基本方法将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词),将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语):He stole our money.→Our money was stolen by him.【注】(1)若不强调动词执行者,被动语态中的by短语通常能够省略:The house was built in 1978. 这座房子是1978年建的。

(2) 在转变语态时,要注意保持两种语态时态的一致性:The students will study the problem.→The problem will be studied by the students.A friend of ours is repairing the roof.→The roof is being repaired by a friend of ours.2. 双宾动词的被动语态双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词,它们在变为被动语态时,有以下两种情形值得注意:(1) 有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell等)在变为被动语态时,既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语),也可把直接宾语(指事物) 变为被动语态的主语,而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to还是for,与所搭配的动词相关)。

比较:He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。

→ She was given some money. / Some money was given to her.He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。

→ A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch.(2) 有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语,而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for):Father made me a doll. → A doll was made for me.He wrote her a letter. → A letter was written to her.(3) 有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语,而将直接宾语用作保留宾语:He answered me that question. → I was an swered that question by him.3. 含有情态动词的被动形式若主动语态中谓语含有情态动词,在相对应的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词,其结构为“情态动词+be(或be的适当时态形式)+过去分词”:Everyone must know this. →This must be known by everyone.请看以下带情态动词被动句实例:This can’t be done in a short time. 这不是短期内能够完成的。

主动语态变被动语态的几个特例

主动语态变被动语态的几个特例

主动语态变被动语态的几个特例一、含有双宾语的句子变为被动语态时,多数将主动句中的间接宾语变为被动句的主语,直接宾语作保留宾语;也可将直接宾语变为主语,间接宾语作保留宾语,但这时保留宾语前多加介词to或for。

如:He gave me a new watch.→1) I was given a new watch.2) A new watch was given to me.二、含有复合宾语且宾语补足语是名词的句子变为被动语态时,只能将主动句中的宾语变为被动句中的主语,宾补不可变为主语。

如:They call me Jim.→I am called Jim.(不可说:Jim is called me.)三、主语为疑问词的疑问句变为被动语态时,用“By+疑问词(宾格)”置于句首。

如:Who broke the glass?→By whom was the glass broken?四、祈使句变为被动语态时,要改为“Let +原宾语+be+过去分词”。

如:Close the window.→Let the window be closed.五、带宾语从句的复合句变为被动语态时,多用it作形式主语置于句首,原宾语从句成为真正主语(从句),从句中也需用被动语态。

如:People said that Lin Feng could take good care of the baby.→It was said that the baby could be taken good care of by Lin Feng.六、含有谓语动词know的主动句变为被动语态时,不用by短语,需by改为to。

如:We all know the scientist.→The scientist is known to us all.七、no one、nobody等否定代词作主语的句子变为被动语态时,谓语动词用否定式,不再用原主语,但可加上byanyone、byanybody等短语。

语态变化主动与被动的转换

语态变化主动与被动的转换

语态变化主动与被动的转换语态是英语中的重要语法概念,指的是动词的表达方式。

在英语中,动词可以用主动语态和被动语态进行表达。

主动语态强调主体直接进行动作,而被动语态强调动作的承受者或影响。

语态的转换在英语中十分常见,可以通过变化动词的形式和加上合适的助动词来实现。

了解语态的变化和转换是学习英语语法的重要一步。

下面将详细介绍语态变化主动与被动的转换。

一、主动语态转被动语态在将主动语态转为被动语态时,需要进行以下几个步骤:1. 将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。

2. 将原主动语态的动词改为被动语态形式,即添加"be"动词的相应形式。

3. 将原主动语态的主语变为被动语态的介词短语(或省略)中的宾语。

举例来说,我们可以将"The cat eats the mouse"(猫吃老鼠)这个句子转换为被动语态:"The mouse is eaten by the cat"(老鼠被猫吃)。

二、被动语态转主动语态将被动语态转为主动语态时,需要进行以下几个步骤:1. 将被动语态的主语变为主动语态的宾语。

2. 将被动语态的谓语动词改为主动语态的动词,即去掉"be"动词并根据时态变化动词的形式。

3. 将被动语态的介词短语(或省略)中的宾语变为主动语态的主语。

举例来说,我们可以将"The book was written by him"(这本书是他写的)这个句子转换为主动语态:"He wrote the book"(他写了这本书)。

三、注意事项在进行语态的转换时,需要注意以下几个问题:1. 动词的时态和语态形式要一致。

例如,如果原句是过去时的主动语态,转换为被动语态时,需要使用过去时的被动语态形式。

2. 被动语态的动词要使用正确的被动语态形式,即在动词原形前加上"be"动词的相应形式。

主动语态变被动语态

主动语态变被动语态

主动语态变被动语态重点一:1. 基本方法将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词),将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语):He stole our money.→Our money was stolen by him.【注】(1)若不强调动词执行者,被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略:The house was built in 1978. 这座房子是1978年建的。

(2) 在转变语态时,要注意保持两种语态时态的一致性:The students will study the problem.→The problem will be studied by the students.A friend of ours is repairing the roof.→The roof is being repaired by a friend of ours.2. 双宾动词的被动语态双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词,它们在变为被动语态时,有以下两种情形值得注意:(1) 有些双宾动词(如award, buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, t each, tell等)在变为被动语态时,既可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语),也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语,而把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底用to 还是for,与所搭配的动词有关)。

比较:He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。

→She was given some money. / Some money was given to him.He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。

→ A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch.(2) 有些双宾动词(如bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write等)通常用直接宾语(指事物)作被动语态的主语,而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词to或for):Father made me a doll. →A doll was made for me.He wrote her a letter. →A letter was written to her.(3) 有些双宾动词(如answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare等)通常用间接宾语(指人)作被动语态的主语,而将直接宾语用作保留宾语:He answered me that question. →I was answered that question by him.3. 含有情态动词的被动形式若主动语态中谓语含有情态动词,在相应的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词,其结构为“情态动词+be(或be的适当时态形式)+过去分词”:Everyone must know this. →This must be known by everyone.请看以下带情态动词被动句实例:This can’t be done in a short time. 这不是短期内可以完成的。

被动语态(主动和被动语态的转换)

被动语态(主动和被动语态的转换)

基本转换被动语态主动和被动语态的转换转换方式:①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语;②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+动词的过去分词done”结构;③将主动语态的主语改为介词 by 之后的宾语,放在谓语动词之后(有时可省略)。

例句:Ironman hits Spiderman every day. 钢铁侠每天打蜘蛛侠。

→_Spiderman is hit by Ironman everyday.动词短语变为被动语态许多由不及物动词构成的动词短语,相当于及物动词,可以有宾语也可以有被动语态。

转换方式:动词短语是一个不可分割的整体,在变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成动词短语的介词和副词。

例句:He always takes care of his sister. 他总是照顾他的妹妹。

→His sister is always taken care of by him.带宾语和宾语补足语的动词变为被动语态转换方式:变被动语态时,只把宾语变为被动句的主语,宾语补足语保留在原处,成为主语补足语。

例句:All the villagers painted the houses white. 所有村民都把房子涂成了白色。

→The_houses are painted white by all the villagers.双宾语改为被动语态转换方式:谓语动词带双宾语时,既可将间接宾语转化成主语,也可将直接宾语转化成主语。

方式一:若将间接宾语转化成主语,则保留直接宾语;方式二:若将直接宾语转化为主语则保留间接宾语,且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词 to 或 for。

例句:He gave her some books. 他给了她一些书。

→She was given some books by him.(间接宾语转化主语)→Some books were given her by him.(直接宾语转化为主语)主动结构表示被动含义1.open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, wash 等词作不及物动词且它们的主语为物时,可用主动语态表示被动意义,用来描述主语特征。

主动语态改被动语态的方法

主动语态改被动语态的方法主动语态改被动语态的方法1)将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面:①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语;②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构;③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语,放在谓语动词之后(有时可省略)。

2)含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况:①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语,直接宾语仍保留原位;②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语,此时,间接宾语前要加介词to或for。

如:He gave the boy an apple.→The boy was given an apple.(或An apple was given to the boy.)Her father bought her a present.→She was bought a present by her father.(或A present was bought for her by her father.)3)不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态,改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。

如:They watched the children sing that morning.→The children were watched to sing that morning.4)带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时,一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语,宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。

如:We call him Xiao Wang.→He is called Xiao Wang.He cut his hair short.→His hair was cut short.They told him to help me.→He was told to help me.5)短语动词是不可分割的整体,改为被动语态时要保持其完整性,介词或副词不可遗漏。

如:We must take good care of the young trees.→The young trees must be taken good care of.6)含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时,通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语,从句放在句子后面;也可采用另一种形式。

主动语态与被动语态的转换规则

【导语】以下是整理的《主动语态与被动语态的转换规则》,⼀起来看看吧!⼀、主动语态和被动语态概说英语的语态分主动语态和被动语态,主动语态表⽰主语是动作的执⾏者,⽽被动语态则表⽰主语是动作的承受者。

被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成:Everybody likes him. ⼤家都喜欢他。

(主动语态)He is liked by everybody. 他受到⼤家的喜欢。

(被动语态)⼆、主动语态变被动语态的⽅法1. 主动语态变被动语态的基本⽅法将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词),将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中⽤作状语):He broke the cup. → The cup was broken by him.【注意】若不强调动词执⾏者,被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略:He was born in 1986. 他⽣于1986年。

What is this flower called? 这种花叫什么花?2. 双宾动词的被动语态双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词,它们在变为被动语态时,通常是把间接宾语(指⼈)变为被动语态的主语,⽽把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语):He answered me that question. → I was answered that question by him.有的动词则通常把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语,⽽把间接宾语改为介词to 或for引起的状语(到底⽤to还是for,与所搭配的动词有关):He wrote her a letter. → A letter was written to her. (与动词write搭配⽤介词to)She made him a new coat. → A new coat was made for him. (与动词make搭配⽤介词for)有时以上两种⽅式均可⽤:He gave her some money. 他给她⼀些钱。

主动语态和被动语态的转换

主动语态和被动语态的转换语态(Voice) 是动词的一种形式,它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。

语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。

被动语态(Passive Voice) 表示句子的主语是动作的承受者。

主动语态则表示主语是动作的执行者。

(1)各种时态的被动语态1)一般现在时的被动语态We sweep the floor every day. The floor is swept every day by us .We clean the windows every week. The windows are cleaned every week by us.2)现在进行时的被动语态Miss Chen is teaching me English now. I am being taught English by Miss Chen now.I am writing my homework. My homework is being written by me.The girl is watering flowers. The flowers are being watered by the girl.3)现在完成时的被动语态We have bought a new house recently. A new house has been bought recently by us.We have planted a lot of flowers in the classroom.A lot of flowers have been planted in our classroom.4)一般将来时的被动语态I shall/will do a better job next time. A better job will be done next time.My father is going to stop smoking. Smoking is going to be stopped by my father.He is going to help me tomorrow. I am going to be helped by him tomorrow.Where are you going to put these tables? Where are these tables going to be put by you? You are to deliver these flowers before ten. These flower were to be delivered before ten.I am to find an interesting story. An interesting story was to be found .Many people are about to lose their jobs. Their jobs ____________________ lost.I am about to finish my homework when he comes in.My homework ________________________when he comes in.一般将来时的动词形式1.主动语态:shall/will +v. 被动语态:shall/will be +v-ed.2.主动语态:am/is /are going to +v. 被动语态:am/is /are going to be +v-ed.3.主动语态:am/is /are to +v. 被动语态:am/is/are to be +v-ed.4.主动语态:am/is /are about to +v. 被动语态:am/is/are about to be +v-ed.注意:只有及物动词和及物动词短语才可以有被动语态。

中的被动语态和主动语态的用法区别及转换方法

中的被动语态和主动语态的用法区别及转换方法中文的被动语态和主动语态是语法上的两种不同表达方式,它们在表达句子的主谓关系时有着不同的用法和转换方法。

本文将详细介绍中文被动语态和主动语态的用法区别以及转换方法。

一、被动语态的用法和特点被动语态表示动作的承受者是动作的发出者,即句子的主语是动作的接受者。

在被动语态中,动作的执行者通常不被明确提及或者不重要。

被动语态的句子结构为:主语 + 被动标记 + 谓语动词的过去分词+ 其他成分。

具体来说,被动语态有以下几个用法和特点:1. 强调动作的对象:被动语态能够突出动作的承受者,强调对象或者器官,使其成为句子的中心。

例如:- 主动语态:他吃了三个苹果。

- 被动语态:三个苹果被他吃了。

2. 避免主动语态中的动作执行者:当动作执行者不重要或需要避免提及时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:- 主动语态:他们翻新了房子。

- 被动语态:房子被翻新了。

3. 动作执行者未知:当不知道或不确定动作执行者时,可以使用被动语态。

例如:- 主动语态:有人打破了窗户。

- 被动语态:窗户被打破了。

二、主动语态的用法和特点主动语态表示动作的发出者是动作的执行者,即句子的主语是动作的发出者。

主动语态在中文中更为常见,句子结构为:主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 其他成分。

主动语态的用法和特点如下:1. 表达动作的执行者:主动语态通常用来表达动作的发出者和执行者。

例如:- 主动语态:他吃了三个苹果。

- 被动语态:三个苹果被他吃了。

2. 强调动作的发出者:主动语态能够突出动作的发出者,使其成为句子的中心。

例如:- 主动语态:李明打破了窗户。

- 被动语态:窗户被李明打破了。

3. 描述客观事实:当句子中的主语是动作的执行者时,通常使用主动语态来描述客观事实。

例如:- 主动语态:太阳升起了。

- 被动语态:太阳被升起了(不符合常理)。

三、被动语态和主动语态的转换方法被动语态和主动语态之间可以通过一定的转换方法相互转换。

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主动语态被动语态转换
主动句My father wrote the book.我父亲写了这本书。

被动句:The book was written by my father.这本书是我父亲写的
主动句:Our village has built a plastic factory.我们村已经建了一座塑料厂。

被动句:A plastic factory has been built in our village.一座塑料厂在我们村建成了。

主动句:He gave me a dictionary.他给了我一本词典。

被动句:I was given a dictionary by him.被动句:A dictionary was given(to)me by him.主动句:He teaches us English.他教我们英语。

被动句:We are taught English by him.
被动句:English is taught(to)us by him.英语是他教我们的。

主动句:We made him our group leader.我们让他当了我们组长。

被动句:He was made our group leader.他被选为我们的组长。

主动句:They chose Mr.Li their doctor in 1987.1987年他们选李先生当他的医生。

被动句:Mr.Li was chosen their doctor in 1987.1987年李先生被选为他们的医生。

主动句:We saw him enter the classroom.我们看见他进了教室。

被动句:He was seen to enter the classroom.他被看见走进了教室。

主动句:He made the boy sit down.他使那孩子坐下。

被动句:The boy was made to sit down.那孩子被迫坐下。

被动式谓语时,它们原来所带的介词或副词应保留下来。

例如:
主动句:She often looks after the children.她常照顾孩子。

被动句:The children are often looked after.孩子常受到照顾。

主动句:We talked about the matter very often.我们常谈起那事。

被动句:The matter was very often talked about.这事常被谈起。

主动句:She has taken my exercise-books away.她已拿走了我练习本。

被动句:My exercise-books have been taken away.我的练习本被拿走了。

主动句:You must turn off the light before you go to bed.睡觉之前你们必须关灯。

1.We clean the classroom every day.
--The classroom is cleaned by us every day.
2.I always borrow CDs from him.
–CDs are always borrowed from him by me.
3.The teachers take cake of the children in the kindergarten.
–- the children are token care of by the teachers in the kindergarden.
4.The students don't learn chemistry in Junior.
-- Chemistry is not learned by the students in Junior.
5.People don't grow rice in the west of Japan-
- Rice is not grown in the west of Japan.
6.We find English very useful.
-- English is found very useful by us.
7.The policeman tells the chlidren not to play in the street.
-- The children are told not to play in the street by the policeman.
8.I often hear him sing songs upstairs.
-- Songs are sung by him I often hear upstairs.
9.Do they plant trees in and around our city every year?
-- Are trees planted by them in and around our city every year? 10.Do many teenagers like the books written by Han Han? -- Are The books written by Han Han liked by many teenagers?。

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