英语作文范文-英语写作中的英汉表达差异
中英语言表达差异英语作文
中英语言表达差异英语作文The difference between Chinese and English language expression is a common challenge for many students.中英语言表达的差异是许多学生面临的普遍挑战。
One of the main differences lies in the sentence structure. In Chinese, the basic sentence structure is subject + predicate + object, while in English, it is subject + verb + object.其中一个主要的区别在于句子结构。
在中文中，基本的句子结构是主语+谓语+宾语，而在英语中是主语+动词+宾语。
This difference in sentence structure often leads to confusion for Chinese students when they try to express themselves in English. They may find it difficult to arrange their thoughts in a way that is grammatically correct in English.句子结构上的差异经常导致中国学生在英语表达时感到困惑。
他们可能会发现很难以英语的语法规范来整理自己的思绪。
Another challenge is the use of tenses. Chinese language does not have as many tenses as in English, which can make it difficult for Chinese students to express the timing of actions or events in English. 另一个挑战是时态的使用。
英文和中文的差异英语作文
英文和中文的差异英语作文Enlgish Answer.The English and Chinese languages are two of the most widely spoken languages in the world, with over 1.5 billion and 1.1 billion native speakers, respectively. They both have a rich history and culture, and they have been usedfor centuries to communicate ideas, stories, and experiences.However, there are also some key differences between the two languages. One of the most noticeable differences is in the way that they are written. English is written using the Latin alphabet, while Chinese is written using a system of characters. This difference can make it difficult for speakers of one language to learn the other.Another difference between English and Chinese is in the way that they are spoken. English is a stress-timed language, which means that the stress is placed on certainsyllables in words. Chinese, on the other hand, is a tone language, which means that the tone of voice is used to distinguish between different words. This can make it difficult for speakers of one language to understand the other.Despite these differences, English and Chinese are both fascinating and beautiful languages. They both have a rich history and culture, and they both offer a unique way of looking at the world.中文回答：英语和汉语是世界上使用人数最多的两种语言，分别有超过15亿和11亿的母语使用者。
汉语与英语的差异英语作文
汉语与英语的差异英语作文Title: Exploring the Differences Between Chinese and English: A Comparative Essay。
Language is a fascinating tool for communication, with each tongue carrying its own unique characteristics and nuances. Chinese and English, two widely spoken languagesin the world, showcase stark differences in various aspects. In this essay, we delve into the disparities between Chinese and English, shedding light on theirdissimilarities in phonetics, grammar, vocabulary, and cultural implications.First and foremost, let's explore phonetics, the sounds that form the backbone of any language. Chinese, known for its tonal nature, relies heavily on intonation to convey meaning. Mandarin Chinese, for instance, has four main tones, plus a neutral tone, which significantly alter the meaning of a word. In contrast, English is a stress-timed language, where emphasis on certain syllables plays acrucial role in conveying intent and emotion. The phonetic dissimilarities between the two languages can pose challenges for learners, as mastering tonal variations in Chinese or stress patterns in English requires dedicated practice.Moving on to grammar, another area of distinction emerges. Chinese grammar is characterized by its relative simplicity compared to English. Chinese sentences typically follow a subject-verb-object (SVO) order, with minimal inflection and conjugation. In contrast, English employs a more complex system of verb conjugation, noun declension, and word order variations to convey meaning. Moreover, English grammar includes a wide array of tenses, moods, and voices, adding layers of complexity for non-native speakers.Vocabulary is yet another realm where Chinese and English diverge. While both languages borrow words fromother languages and cultures, their core vocabulariesdiffer significantly. Chinese vocabulary is largely monosyllabic, with each character representing a distinct morpheme or concept. English, on the other hand, boasts arich vocabulary influenced by its historical interactions with various cultures, resulting in a plethora of synonyms, idioms, and phrasal verbs. Additionally, the writing systems of the two languages—Chinese characters versus the Roman alphabet—contribute to variations in vocabulary acquisition and retention.Cultural implications play a crucial role in shaping language usage and expression. Chinese language and culture are deeply intertwined, with linguistic nuances reflecting societal values, hierarchical structures, and historical contexts. Politeness, for instance, is embedded in the Chinese language through honorifics and formal expressions, reflecting the importance of interpersonal relationshipsand social harmony. English, as a global lingua franca, encompasses diverse cultural influences, with language evolving alongside societal changes and global interactions. The pragmatism and directness often associated with English communication reflect Western values of individualism and assertiveness.In conclusion, the disparities between Chinese andEnglish are multifaceted, encompassing phonetics, grammar, vocabulary, and cultural implications. While both languages serve as vehicles for communication and expression, their distinct characteristics present challenges and opportunities for learners and speakers alike. By appreciating and understanding these differences, individuals can navigate between Chinese and English more effectively, fostering cross-cultural understanding and linguistic proficiency.。
英语作文范文-英语写作中英汉表达差异
英语作文范文英语写作中英汉表达差异英汉表达差异中国人与西方人看问题方法在许多方面存在着差异，而且这种差异确确在束缚着中国学生，成为他们英文写作中拦路虎，使他们不能畅所欲言，不能准确而简洁地表达思想。
因此，本文就大学英语写作中常出现问题谈谈英汉表达几种差异。
思维方式的差异一、首先，让我们关注一下英美人与中国人思维方式不同。
英美人思维方式是直线式，他们在遣词造句谋篇上遵循着从一般（general）到具体（specific），从概括（summarize）到举例（exemplify），从整体（whole）到个体（respective）原则。
请看短文：Soccer is a difficult sport.（1）A player must be able to run steadily without rest.（2）Sometimes a player must hit the ball with his or her head.（3）Players must be willing to bang into and be banged into by others.（4）They must put up with aching feet and sore muscles．上面这则短文中，主题句（main idea sentence）也就是文章中心是第一句，（1）（2）（3）（4）句是用来说明主题句。
而在汉语中，我们习惯于先分后总，先说原因后说结果，即所谓“前因后果”，如果要表达相同意思，我们通常这样说：足球运动员必须能不停地奔跑，有时得用头顶球，撞别人或被别人撞，必须忍受双脚和肌肉疼痛，所以说，足球运动是一项难度大运动。
再比如写下面一则便条，因你母亲突然生病，周末你不能和汤姆去跳舞了，你找了舞跳得很好时黛来代替你，并表示抱歉。
此英语便条为：July 6，2002Dear Tom，I am sorry to inform you that I won’t be able to go to dance with you this weekend. My mother is suddenly taken ill. In order not to disappoint you, I have asked Shi Dai to take my place. She is a better dancer, I think. My regrets.Joe从便条中可以看出，英语表达先“果”—I won’t be able to go to dance with you this weekend后“因”—my mother is suddenly taken ill，即所“先果后因”。
中英文之间的语言差异的英语作文
中英文之间的语言差异的英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1Oh, hi there! I'm gonna tell you about this thing called "language differences between Chinese and English". It's super interesting, trust me!So, first off, let's talk about pronunciation. In Chinese, we have tones, right? There are four of them - flat, rising,falling-rising, and falling. But in English, there are no tones! It's all about stress and intonation. Like, when we say "apple" in Chinese, we have to use the right tone or people won't understand us. But in English, as long as we stress the right syllable, we're good to go!Next, let's chat about grammar. In Chinese, we don't have plurals or tenses like they do in English. We just add words to show when something happened or how many things there are. But in English, we have to change the verb or add -s or -es to the noun. It's kinda tricky, but we'll get the hang of it!Oh, and don't get me started on writing! Chinese characters are like little pictures, right? Each one has a meaning and apronunciation. But in English, we gotta memorize all those letters and how they go together to make words. It's a lot of work, but we'll get there!Anyway, the point is, learning English is a bit different from learning Chinese, but it's also super cool! So let's keep practicing and having fun with it. Who knows, maybe one day we'll be fluent in both languages!篇2Oh my goodness! Today, I want to talk about the differences between Chinese and English language. It's like comparing apples and oranges, they are so different!First of all, in English, the word order is different from Chinese. In English, we say "I love you", but in Chinese, it's "" which means "I you love". It's like they are playing musical chairs with the words!Also, in Chinese, we have tones. It's like singing a song when we speak. There are four tones in Mandarin Chinese, and if you say a word with the wrong tone, it could mean something completely different. It's like walking on a tightrope!Another big difference is the writing system. In English, we use the alphabet with 26 letters. But in Chinese, they use characters that represent words or ideas. It's like writing a secret code!And don't even get me started on grammar! In English, we have tenses like past, present, and future. But in Chinese, they don't have tenses. It's like living in a time warp!But you know what? Despite all these differences, both languages are beautiful in their own way. They each have their own unique charm and character. It's like having two best friends who are totally different but still get along great.So let's celebrate the differences between Chinese and English language. Let's embrace the diversity and richness of both languages. After all, variety is the spice of life!篇3Oh, hi there! Today I want to talk about the differences between Chinese and English language. It's super interesting, you know!So, in English, we write from left to right and in Chinese, they write from top to bottom. It's like totally the opposite! And didyou know that in English, we use the alphabet with letters like A, B, C, while in Chinese, they use characters called hanzi? It's so cool!Another difference is that English has verb tenses like past, present, and future, while Chinese doesn't really have verb tenses. They just use different words to show when something happened. It's kind of tricky to understand, but also kinda awesome!Also, in Chinese, the grammar is different from English. Like, in English, we say "I eat an apple," but in Chinese, they say "I eat one apple." It's like they have to use a number before the noun, which is so different from English.And don't even get me started on pronunciation! English has all these weird sounds like th, ch, sh, while Chinese has tones like ma, ma, ma, ma. It's like a whole new way of speaking!But you know what? Despite all these differences, both languages are super cool and fun to learn. It's like exploring a whole new world of words and sounds. So let's keep learning and discovering more about Chinese and English language differences! Yay!篇4Hello everyone, today let's talk about the differences between Chinese and English! Do you know that Chinese and English are totally different languages? Yeah, it's like comparing apples to oranges!First off, Chinese characters are like little pictures that represent words, while English uses an alphabet with letters that make up words. So when you're learning Chinese, you have to memorize all those characters, but in English, you just need to learn the letters of the alphabet.Another big difference is the way we speak. In Chinese, we have tones that can change the meaning of a word, like ma with a falling tone means "mom," and ma with a rising tone means "horse." But in English, we don't have tones, so the way you say a word doesn't change its meaning.Also, Chinese grammar is pretty different from English grammar. In Chinese, the word order is subject-verb-object, like "I eat rice." But in English, it's subject-verb-object, like "I eat rice." See how the word order is different?One more thing is that Chinese has lots of honorifics and polite language that we use when talking to our elders or superiors. In English, we don't have as many of those formalities, so it's more casual when we talk to people.So there you have it, the differences between Chinese and English are like night and day! But hey, learning a new language is super fun and exciting, so why not give it a try? Who knows, you might become a language master someday!篇5Title: The Differences Between Chinese and English LanguagesHey guys, have you ever noticed how different Chinese and English languages are? Well, today I’m going to talk about some of these differences and why they exist.First of all, let’s talk about the writing system. In Chinese, we use characters to represent words, while in English, letters are used to form words. This means that Chinese characters can be quite complex and have strokes, while English letters are more simple and straightforward.Another difference is the grammar. Chinese grammar is very different from English grammar. In Chinese, we don’t have tenses like past, present, and future. Instead, we use time words to show when something happened. For example, we say “” to mean “I ate dinner yesterday”. In English, you would say “I ate dinner yesterday”.Also, the pronunciation is different. Chinese is a tonal language, which means that the tone of a word can change its meaning. For example, the word “ma” can mean “mother”, “hemp”, “horse”, or “scold” depending on the tone. In English, tone doesn’t change the meaning of a word.Overall, Chinese and English are two very different languages. But that’s what makes them so interesting! It’s important to learn and appreciate the differences between languages, so we can better understand and communicate with people from different cultures. So, keep learning and exploring the world of languages! Byebye!篇6Title: The Difference Between English and Chinese in a Little Kid's PerspectiveHey guys! Do you know that English is super different from Chinese? I'm gonna tell you all about it!First of all, the way we write in English is soooo different from Chinese. In English, we use the alphabet with 26 letters to make words. But in Chinese, they use characters that look super cool! Each character has its own meaning and pronunciation. It's like a secret code!Next, let's talk about speaking English and Chinese. When we speak English, we have to be careful with our pronunciation. There are so many tricky sounds like "th" and "r" that we have to practice. But in Chinese, the tone is super important. If you say a word with the wrong tone, it could mean something totally different!Also, English and Chinese have different ways of showing respect. In English, we use "Mr." or "Mrs." before someone's name to show respect. But in Chinese, they use titles like ""(lǎoshī) for teacher or "" (yéyé) for grandpa. It's so cool how they show respect in different ways!In conclusion, English and Chinese are two totally different languages with their own unique features. It's like they come from different worlds! But that's what makes learning languages so fun. We get to explore new sounds, words, and ways of thinking. So let's keep learning and discovering the amazing world of languages! Thanks for listening, guys! Bye bye!。
英语和中文的差异英语作文
英语和中文的差异英语作文English:One major difference between English and Chinese is the word order. In English, the basic word order is subject-verb-object (SVO), such as "I love you". However, in Chinese, the basic word order is subject-object-verb (SOV), such as "我爱你" (I love you). Another difference is the use of articles. English has definite (the) and indefinite (a/an) articles, while Chinese does not use articles at all. Additionally, English has a larger vocabulary compared to Chinese, with a more complex system of verb tenses. Chinese, on the other hand, relies heavily on context and tone to convey meaning. Furthermore, Chinese characters are logographic, where each character represents a word or a morpheme, while English uses an alphabet-based system. These differences make learning both languages challenging but rewarding in their own ways.中文翻译:英语和中文之间的一个主要区别是词序。
英文和中文的差异英语作文
英文和中文的差异英语作文Title: The Unique Differences between English and Chinese Languages.English and Chinese, two of the most spoken languages globally, exhibit remarkable differences that span across their history, structure, vocabulary, and cultural context. Each language is a testament to the rich cultural heritage and historical evolution of its respective society. This essay delves into the fascinating disparities between these two languages, highlighting their unique characteristics and the impact they have on communication and expression.History and Evolution.The history of English dates back to the 5th century, when the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes invaded Britain, bringing their Germanic languages with them. Over the centuries, English evolved through various stages, influenced by Old Norse, Latin, and French, among others.Conversely, Chinese, with a history spanning over 4,000 years, is believed to have originated from the scripts of the Shang Dynasty. Chinese script, known as Hanzi, has remained relatively unchanged through the years, retaining its original logographic form.Structural Differences.English is a language that follows the Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) structure, where the subject performs the action denoted by the verb on the Object. This structure forms the backbone of English sentences, governing the order of words and phrases. Chinese, however, exhibits a more flexible structure, often following the Subject-Verb (SV) pattern, with the Object appearing before the Verb. This allows for a more free-flowing sentence structure, where words and phrases can be rearranged without altering the meaning.Vocabulary Divergence.The vocabulary of English and Chinese differssignificantly in terms of origin, meaning, and usage. English, being a Germanic language, has borrowed words from various languages, resulting in a rich lexicon with words from Latin, French, Greek, and even Arabic. Chinese, on the other hand, boasts a vast vocabulary derived from its own historical and cultural context. Hanzi, the written form of Chinese, consists of ideograms that represent concepts or ideas, often incorporating elements of nature, mythology, or daily life.Cultural Context.The cultural context of English and Chinese isreflected in their respective languages. English, being the language of global communication, often carries a neutral or universal tone, allowing for a more objective and analytical approach to communication. Chinese, on the other hand, is deeply rooted in its cultural heritage, reflecting values such as harmony, respect, and collectivism. This cultural influence is evident in the way Chinese is spoken and written, with an emphasis on context and implied meanings.Conclusion.In conclusion, the differences between English and Chinese languages are vast and diverse, reflecting the unique historical, cultural, and structural backgrounds of each. English, with its global reach and analytical precision, has become the lingua franca of the world. Chinese, with its deep cultural roots and flexible language structure, remains a powerful testament to the rich heritage of the East. Understanding these differences is crucial in bridging cultural gaps and promoting effective communication across borders.。
中西方语言表达的差异英语作文
中西方语言表达的差异英语作文English Answer：The languages of the East and West exhibit striking disparities in their modes of expression, reflecting the unique cultural and cognitive perspectives that have shaped each civilization. These differences extend across various linguistic levels, including grammar, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics.Grammar.One notable distinction lies in the grammatical structure of sentences. Western languages, such as English, typically follow a subject-verb-object (SVO) word order, while many Eastern languages, like Chinese and Japanese, adopt a subject-object-verb (SOV) construction. This difference can influence the flow of information and the emphasis placed on various sentence components.Syntax.Syntactic differences also abound. Western languages often utilize prepositions to establish relationships between words and phrases, whereas Eastern languages may employ postpositions or other grammatical devices. The placement of adjectives and adverbs relative to the noun they modify can also vary significantly between the two linguistic families.Semantics.The meaning and interpretation of words and phrasesdiffer considerably across cultures, reflecting distinct ways of perceiving and categorizing the world. For instance, the English word "red" may encompass a broader range ofhues than its Chinese counterpart, "hong," which tends to refer specifically to a deep shade of crimson.Pragmatics.Pragmatics, which deals with the practical use oflanguage in social contexts, also reveals notable differences. Western cultures often emphasize directness and clarity in communication, while Eastern cultures prioritize politeness and indirectness. This can lead to misunderstandings when speakers from different linguistic backgrounds interact, as their expectations regarding appropriate language use may diverge.Cultural Influences.The differences in language expression between East and West are deeply rooted in the cultural values and beliefs that have shaped each society. Western languages mayreflect a more individualistic perspective, emphasizingself-expression and assertion, while Eastern languages may embody a collectivistic orientation, valuing harmony and respect for social hierarchy.中文回答：东西方语言表达存在显着差异，反映了塑造每个文明的独特文化和认知视角。
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英语作文范文英语写作中的英汉表达差异一、首先，让我们关注一下英美人与中国人思维方式的不同。
英美人的思维方式是直线式的，他们在遣词造句谋篇上遵循着从一般（general）到具体（specific），从概括（summarize）到举例（exemplify），从整体（whole）到个体（respective）的原则。
请看短文：Soccer is a difficult sport．（1）A player must be able to run steadily without rest．（2）Sometimes a player must hit the ball with his or her head．（3）Players must be willing to bang into and be banged into by others．（4） They must put up with aching feet and sore muscles．上面的这则短文中，主题句（main idea sentence）也就是文章的中心是第一句，（1）（2）（3）（4）句是用来说明主题句的。
而在汉语中，我们习惯于先分后总，先说原因后说结果，即所谓的“前因后果”，如果要表达相同的意思，我们通常这样说：足球运动员必须能不停地奔跑，有时得用头顶球，撞别人或被别人撞，必须忍受双脚和肌肉的疼痛，所以说，足球运动是一项难度大的运动。
再比如写下面一则便条，因你母亲突然生病，周末你不能和汤姆去跳舞了，你找了舞跳得很好的时黛来代替你，并表示抱歉。
此英语便条为：July 6，2002Dear Tom，I am sorry to inform you that I won’t be able to go to dance with you this weekend． My mother is suddenly takenill．In order not to disappoint you，I have asked Shi Dai to take my place．She is a better dancer，I think．My regrets．Joe从便条中可以看出，英语表达先“果”—I won’t be able to go to dance with you this weekend后“因”—my mother is suddenly taken ill，即所谓的“先果后因”。
一般来说，在单个句子中，英语句子也是先中心，也就是将主要思想、结果放在句首，放在主句里表达；而汉语正相反，一般为后中心，主要的观点、信息往往放在句末。
如：He had to stay at hom e yesterday because he was ill．因为他病了，昨天他不得不呆在家里。
Tragedies can be written in literature since there is tragedy in life．生活中既然有悲剧，文学作品就可以写悲剧。
所以说，大学生用英文写作时，就要按照英美人的思维模式进行思考，也就是说要学会用英语进行思维，避免写出中国式的英语。
二、接下来，让我们看一下英汉句子结构的特点。
英语属印欧语系，汉语属汉藏语系，两种语言相距甚远，英语结构紧凑，汉语结构松散。
语言学家以“竹节句法”来比喻英语句子，即英语句子是由断不可缺的各种连接词衔接而成，宛如节节相连的竹子；而汉语句子则被比喻为“流水句法”，所谓的流水指少用乃至不用连接词仍行文流畅。
所以说，英语重形和，汉语重意和。
英语句子中如果少了连接词如or，but，if，so，because，when，although ， in order that，so that，所要表达的意思就支离破碎了，而汉语如没连接词，只从句子本身的意思就可以把概念或关系表达清楚。
如：Conquer the desires，or they will conquer you．你如不能战胜欲念，欲念将要战胜你。
An Englishm an who could not speak Chinese was once travelling in China．一个英国人，不会说中国话，有一次在中国旅行。
三、就是因为英语中各种连接词与替代词的广泛使用，使得英语中出现“多枝共干”式的长句，复合句；汉语则常用短句，简单句。
请看下面一个英语长句以及其汉意。
It was on a Sunday evening，when he was lying in the orchard listening to a blackbird and composing a love poem，that he heard thegate swing to，and saw the girl coming running among the trees，with the redcheeked， stolid Joe in swift pursuit．一个星期日的傍晚，他正躺在果园里，一面在听画眉鸟的啁啾，一面在写一首爱情诗，忽然听得大门砰地关上，接着看见那姑娘从树丛里奔出来，后面飞跟着那呆头呆脑的红脸的乔。
这是个英语强调句，其重心是：he heard the gate swing to and saw the girl com ing running am ong the trees．，而when he was ly- ing in the orchard listening to a blackbird and com posing a love poem是一个时间状语从句，这两个句子通过itwas．．．that．．．这个强调句型巧妙地合为一个复合长句，整个句子简单明了，结构紧凑，若用汉语表达则须分成好几个短句。
再如：The president said at a conference dominated by questions on yesterday’s election results that he could not explain why the Republicans had suffered such a widespread defeat，which in the end would deprive the Republican Party of long-held superiority in the House．在一次记者招待会上，问题集中于昨天的选举结果，总统就此发了言。
他说他不能理解为什么共和党遭到了这样大的失败。
这种情况最终会使共和党失去在众议院长期享有的优势。
这个英语长句是由一个带有分词短语的主句，两个宾语从句和一个非限制性定语从句组成，整个句子的主干简单明了：The pres-identsaid．．．that．．．．，若用汉语来表达，须把此长句拆开分成三个单句来分别叙述。
四、英语的另一个显著特点是被动句多。
英语重物称，常常选择不能施行动作或无生命的词语作主语，由于这些“无灵”物称充当主语，使得被动句大兴其道。
在英语被动句里，不必强调动作的施行者，就将其置于句尾由by连接；不必、不愿或不便言明动作的施行者，就干脆将其省略。
相对而言，汉语习惯于人称化的表达，主语常常是能施行动作或有生命的物体，所以汉语中主动句多。
请看例句：It has been known for a long time that there is a first relationship between the heart and the liver．长期以来，大家知道心脏与肝脏的关系是最主要的。
The fam ous hotel had been practically destroyed by the big fire．大火几乎使这家有名的旅馆全部毁灭。
They were given a hearty welcome．他们受到热烈欢迎。
五、英语的又一显著特点是其丰富的时态。
不同的语言具有不同的时态，有的语言甚至很少或没有时态，汉语基本上就是借助词汇来表示各种时间和动作的，汉语动词除了只有“着”、“了”、“过”的若干说法与英语的进行时、完成时或过去时相对外，别无其他与英语相对应的时体形式；而英语不仅有时态，而且种类繁多（共有16种时态），区分细微，习惯性强。
英语就是通过这些固定的语法手段将动作的进行过程与状况描绘得更准确更精细，有时甚至能表达说话人的感情色彩。
如：You’re always asking me such questions！你老是问我这样的问题！（用现在进行时表示厌烦）I am now living in a very pleasant flat．我现在住在一间非常舒适的公寓里。
（用现在进行时表示满意）所以，传递同样的意思，英语只要选用合适的时态就可以了，汉语则必须使用词汇手段。
又如：It has been noted that those who live，or have lived，in the shadow of death bring a m ellow sweetness to everything theydo．人们已经注意到大凡受到死亡威胁的人或是死里逃生的人对于他们所干的任何事总是兴趣盎然。
六、从词汇方面讲，英汉两种语言也有很大差异。
就词组而言，英语中的词组或短语可谓林林总总，丰富多彩，有名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、介词短语、分词短语、不定式短语与独立结构等，它们的语法功能不一而足，可作主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语与表语等。
如：Marriage may be compared to a cage：the birds outside despair to get in and those within despair to get out．婚姻好比鸟笼，外面的鸟儿想进进不去，里面的鸟儿想出出不来。
（不定式短语to get in，to get out作状语）I am utterly in the dark about the matter．我对这件事完全不知道。
（介词词组in the dark作表语）Christmas is coming up．圣诞节就要到了。
（动词短语come up作谓语）相比之下，汉语更偏重以单音节或多音节的单词为其基本的句法成分，而且其短语用法十分有限。
语言的形成与发展深受本国、本土、历史、地理、风土人情等各方面的影响，英语、汉语也不例外。
英语中某些词的含义并不完全与汉语对等，比如lover这个词，大多数中国人认为是“爱人”（丈夫或妻子），其实在西方lover指的是情夫或情妇；再比如First Lady，在英美等国指的是总统夫人或州长夫人，而在中国常会被误解，认为是“原配夫人”，说不定还会有“二奶”、“三姨太”之类；又如intellectual这个词，在英美等国其范围较小，只包括大学教授等有较高学术地位的人，不包括普通的大学生，而多数中国人认为intellectual就是“知识分子”，而且汉语中的知识分子所指范围很广，大学教师、中学教师、大学生、医生、工程师、翻译人员以及一切受过大学教育的人都可以称为知识分子。