2019-2020学年上海市长宁金山区高考英语一模试题 Word版及参考答案
Ⅱ. GrammarandVocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.AGratefulPatientI took a job as a receptionist for a vet（兽医）almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition (21)U wouldn’t have to assist with a ny wounded animals. I didn’t have the courage (22) (watch) any creature in pain.At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day (23)a young man ran up to us holding a severely injured Doberman puppy（杜宾幼犬）in his arms and begging us to save his life. The four-month- old puppy had been hit by a car.The doctor and I ran back into the operating room. The only place (24)the skin was still attached to his poor little body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like hours, (25)(sew) him back together again. That was the easy part. The puppy had broken multiple bones, including his back.(26) he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again.The day forever changed my life. I became the vet’s assistant in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy. Weeks went by until one day he finally recovered.Fast - forward about a year. I walked into the clinic’s (27) (crowed)waiting room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a huge Dobermanran toward me. I found (28) pinned against the wallwith this magnificent dog standing on his back legs, his front paws（爪子）on myshoulders, washing my face withplentiful and joyful kisses!I still tear up in amazement (29) the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago. I went on to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since retirement, I have volunteered at a no-kill animal shelter. In all the time that has passed and all the experiences I have had, I’ve never met a dog who didn’t know that it (30) (rescue) in one way or another.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Marketing theMoonAn astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrong’s first lunar （月球的）footstep is deep-rooted in the minds of all humankind. But that first moon landing might not have been such a(n) 31 moment if it weren’t for N ASA’s clever PR (Public Relations) team.Richard Jurek is a marketing 32 and co-author of the book marketing the Moon: The Selling of the Apollo Lunar Program. He says NASA’s move to real-time, open communication made the 1969 Apollo 11 landing “the firs t positive viral event that 33 the world’s attention.”Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the military’s territory; that secretiveness carried over into the space agency’s early days. At first, NASA followed a “fire in the tail” rule, only 34 a rocket’s launch when it was successfully in the air. But as the agency evolved, it started announcing more details about the Apollo program. It 35 its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges, and shared launch times so people could watch. “If it had been run like it was under the military,” Jurek says, “we would not have had that sense of drama, that sense of involvement, that sense of wonder, that 36 .” Instead, all the PR and press promotion in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human spaceflightprogram into people’s living rooms and imaginations.As the drama neared its peak, NASA’s PR officials pushed for live TV broadcasts of the first humans to walk on the moon. Not everyone thought it was a good idea. The technology for live lunar broadcasts, and cameras small enough to keep the cargo 37 , didn’t exist at the point. Some engineers worried that developing that equipment would 38 from efforts to achieve the landing itself. But NASA’s communications team argued that telling the story was as vital as the 39 itself. Live TV would bring the American people -- and international viewers -- along for the ride.Come landing day, which 40 fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people worldwide crowded around TVs and radios for the historic moment. “We were able to come together and do something that was exciting and interesting and brought the world together,” says David Meerman Scott, marketing strategist and co-author of Marketing the Moon. “I don’t know that we’ve done anything like that since.”Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase thatbest fits the context.Ancient creatures likely evolved the stress response to better escape from hunters. But today its causes include traffic, deadlines and first dates. According to a 2018 American Psychological Association survey of more than 3,000 people, the top 41 are work, money, the economy and health.Although everyone faces stress, people react to it 42 . “There’s the situation, how we 43 the situation, and then our skills at handling the situation,” says psychologist William Lovallo of t he University of Oklahoma.44 experiences help us assess appropriate responses, so most people improvewith age. “A high school student or a college student might not have those 45 skills and might let a situation get out of hand,” he adds.Most 46 have normal stress responses, regulated to give the right burst of hormones（激素）and bodilychanges for a particular stressor. But others always over-or under-react, whichmay be a warning sign for physical or mental 47 . To study this, scientists often monitor cortisol（皮质醇）or heart rate variations throughout the day and during trying tasks.48 , the intensity of these responses seems to be set from a young age. Studies have shown that people who experienced childhood hardships -- including physical punishment and a(n) 49 home -- are more likely to have quiet stress reactions as adults. For example, as part of a study publishedin 2012, Lovallo exposed 354 participants to moderate stress. People who self-reported early-life 50 actually had lower heart rates and cortisol levels than other participants. While the study tasks were not important, the individuals’ under-reactions suggest their stress response may also have trouble 51 when it really matters. It can be just as 52 as an extreme response. Other research has found links between childhood conflict, abnormally low adult stress and substance misuse. Though the biology is not fully understood, it’s suggested that early - life neglect or suffering53 the body’s stress pathways.Even before birth, a child can 54 parental stress. The phenomenon is well - demonstrated in rats and mice, and some papers have shown the same association 55 . For example, babies born to mothers who survived the 9/11 attacks all had how cortisol levels.41. A. stressors B. responses C. secretes D. concerns42. A. appropriately B. differently C. normally D. mentally43. A. improve B. influence C. describe D. evaluate44. A. Valuable B. Professional C. Previous D. Constant45. A. coping B. living C. learning D. acting46. A. adults B. researchers C. students D. monitors47. A. functions B. disorders C. variations D. abilities48. A. By the way B. In some cases C. On thecontrary D. As a result49. A. independent B. distinguished C. unstable D. extended50. A. education B. experience C. involvement D. difficulty51. A. racing up B. showing up C. taking up D. keeping up52. A. impressive B. insignificant C. positive D. unhealthy53. A. smooths B. follows C. dulls D. destroys54. A. endure B. relieve C. increase D. inherit55. A. between B. in humans C. with society D. ofSection BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I live in a second - floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner of the house. House and tree have been here, side by side, for well over a century. No one really knows how old the tree is, but it was already there when builders started on the house at the beginning of the 1900s.It was still rather young and flexible back then, so it easily welcomed the new structure into its path. it bent and adjusted itself to make room, and tofind the space to grow big and strong and wise. Which means that some hundred years later, the solid, strong branches of the tree reach around two full sides of my home. It’s covered inmass（苔藓）, which is, in turn, crawling with all sorts of inseets. I have never seen the insects, by the way, I justknow that they’re there because of all the birds trying to pick them out. They are always hopping around, looking for this and that and singing songs.I feel like I have become part of the ecosystem. When I’m eating breakfast or making dinner in the kitchen, I can look out and see a bird hopping around skillfully, gathering its own meal while I tend to mine. When I’m sittingin the living room, reading or drinking tea, I can suddenly find myself face to face with another bird. We’ll be staringat each other and, after some time, decide we can both carry on with our business. Living side by side. Even as I write this -- the large windows open to a lovely, soft evening -- a white feather comes floating down by my side. Probably from one of the resident pigeons.As I don’t have the luxury of a garden, this tree makes me fell connected to the outdoors. Such an ancient tree, a tree that is itself home to many other creatures -- that feels different. It is as if it has adopted me and made me a part of its world, without ever asking for something in return. But if needs be,I know that it can count on me and I will protect it with all my strength.56.The flat that author lives in is .A.built in an ancient treeB. hugged by a giant treeC. decorated with branchesD. surrounded by a garden57.In the author’s description, she implies that .A.birds keep her warm companyB. she has been living on tree productsC. moss makes her flat nice and coolD. she has been bothered by the insects58.What does the author really treasure?A.A close - to - nature life.B. A luxurious garden.C. A spacious house.D. A sociable neighbor.59.Which of the f ollowing can be used to express the author’s feeling?A.Jealous.B. Inferior.C. Content.D. Passionate.(B)60.By “how they stacked up” in paragraph 1, the author probably means “how they _ .”A.make sense to manufacturersB. get stuck in storesC. are compared with each otherD. are piled up together.61.Which of the following devices favourably reacts to users?A.Dream-pad pillowB. Eight sleep trackerC. Smart Nora Wireless Snoring SolutionD. Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System62.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A.The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature.B.The Nightingale is an economical but perfect device.C.Soft music is applied to all these four devices.D.One in three people suffer from sleep problem.(C)An epidemic is the occurrence of a disease which affects a very large number of people living in an area and which spreads quickly to other people. Like infectious diseases, ideas in the academic world are spreadable. But way some travel far and wide while equally good ones remain in relative insignificance has been a mystery. Now a team of computer scientists has used an epidemiological model to imitate how ideas move from one academic institution to another. The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions caused bigger “epidemics” than eq ually good ideas from less well-known places, explains Allison Morgan, a computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and lead author of the new study. “This implies that where an idea is born shapes how far it spreads, holding the quality of the idea constant.”says senior author Aaron Clauset, also at Boulder.Not only is this unfair -- “it reveals a big weakness in how we’re doing science,” says Simon DeDeo, a professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not involved in the study. There are many highly trained people with good ideas who do not end up at top institutions. “They are producing good ideas, and we know those ideas are getting lost,” DeDeo says. “Our science, our scholarship, is not as good because of this.”The Colorado researchers analyzed an existing data set of computer sciencedepartment hires in North America, as well as a database of publications by these hires. First they looked at how five big ideas in computer science spread to new institutions. They found that hiring a new member accounted for this movement a little more than a third of the time -- and in 81 percent of those cases, transfers took place from higher- to lower-status universities. Then the team imitated the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious disease model and found that the size of an idea “epidemic” (as measured by the number of institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating institution. The findings were published online last October in EPJ Data Science.The researchers’ model suggests that there “may be a number of quite good ideas that originate in the middle of the pack, in terms of universities,” Clauset says. DeDeo agrees. There is a lot of good work coming out of less famous places, he says: “You can learn a huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people don’t know because they’re not even paying attention.”63.The word “this” in paragraph 2 refers to the fact that .A. So we try to push back the tide and keep up by multi - tasking.B. No wonder people say they’re too busy to see friends, exercise or sleep.C. Would it surprise you to hear that we have more leisure time today than ever?D. How can we learn to spend time in a way that’s more likely to lead to happiness and success?E. It’s something that economist have been puzzling over and they’ve identified several reasons.F. Then you will have fewer empty experiences and far ore that are worthy of your precious time.A. the time when good ideas were born decides how far they may spreadB. the quality of the original ideas tends to be not easy to maintainC. good ideas from less important institutions lack influenceD. scholars in insignificant institutions consider their ideas valueless64. The case of some hires in paragraph 3 is used to indicate .A. the statistics the epidemological model provides for the researchersB. why the originating institutions transfer their new findingsC. how they carry the ideas from lower - to higher - status institutionsD. the way the movements of some new ideas happen and their effects65. Researchers such as Clauset are very much concerned about .A. losing quite a number of great and creative thoughtsB. missing the opportunities of getting more well-knownC. misusing the epidemiological model in scientific research areasD. having difficulty in finding more proper science department hires66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Infectious DiseasesB. Original IdeasC. Idea EpidemicD. EpidemiologicalModelSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a propersentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that thereare two more sentences than you need.The Fullnessof TimeMost of us think we have very little time, but the truth is we actually have a lot - on average, five hours 49 minutes each day, which means we typically have somewhere between 36 and 40 hours available to be spent everyweek however we want. So why don’t we feel time - rich? 67One is that we earn more, so time feels more expensive. Then there’s the way we’ve come to see busyness as a status symbol: important people are busy, sowe want to be busy, too. Add to that the flood of incoming emails and texts, along with the endless ocean of possibilities, and it’s easy to see where time goes.A second factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others are doing, making us anxious. 68 This fools us into thinking we’re being more productive with our work time, so we try to do it with our leisure time, too. When we’re playing with out kids, we check Facebook. When we’re hanging out with one group of friends, we post pictures to show another. This is something sociologists call ‘polluted time’.We’re also addicted to our devices. In 2007, the amount of leisure time we spent on devices like smart- phones could be measured in minutes. Now, we spendon average 3.5 hours a day online. 69You might be wondering why you need help deciding how to spend your free time -- after all you know the sort of things you enjoy, so what could be so difficult? Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has a surprising opinion on it. “The popular assumption is that no skills are involved in enjoying free time, anybody can do it. Yet the evidence suggests the opposite; free time is more difficult to enjoy than work.” Worryingly, scientists have found that people are often no happier after a holiday than if they’d never taken one. 70 The question still remains unsettled.Ⅳ.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the mainpoint(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far aspossible.Cryptocurrency（加密货币）Making payments online is very easy these days if you have a credit card or a bank card that used a payment network. Sending money online to a friend, you have to use a payment service like Google Pay or PayPal, or make a bank transfer. However, there is usually a significant delay before the receiver can use the money, and transfers can have sizeable fees.In 2008, a group of people published a paper describing a process that would use crypto-graph（密码学）to create a secure electronic cash system, known as a cryptocurrency. Person -to - person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial organization. Each transaction could happen very quickly. The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to confirm those transactions safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.Today, there are over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be valid global payment systems like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry. One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of false cryptocurrencies advertised on the Internet. The advertisements invite Internet users to visit websitesoffering new cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along withthe victims’ money. In response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.我真的应该为自己失礼的行为向你道歉。
2019-2020学年上海市金山中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案
2019-2020学年上海市金山中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe history ofpop art begins with abstract art. Pop art emerged from the foundation of abstract art in the 1950s, first gaining recognition in Great Britain, then establishing itself in the United States in the 1960s.In the 1930s and 1940s, abstract art was greatly popular, but people began to hate this art form. Most abstract art produced in this era could be found in art galleries or the homes of the elite(名流), not in the homes of everyday people. Pop art sprung onto the scene as the people's art.Some art critics say pop art is a rebellion against abstract art; others say it is an extension of abstract art. You can see elements of abstract art in many pop art prints, especially those that consist of a collage（拼贴画）of images. However, some pop art pieces have nothing to do with abstract art, looking more like a photo of a popular consumer item, which impressed people deeply.Richard Hamilton and Eduardo Paolozzi were two of the first contemporary pop art pioneers recognised in Great Britain. They were a part of the Independent Group, an organised group of British artists who wanted to challenge ruling modernist approaches to culture. They recognised the value of modern advertising and comic book images. They used these popular images in art as a social commentary, often building irony and humour into their artworks, thus creating a new form of art. These pieces were mass-produced and sold at affordable prices.When pop art took off in the United States, it expanded to include a celebration of kitsch and the common images found in movies and television. Andy Wharhol is perhaps the most famous American pop art artist, known for his prints of the actress Marilyn Monroe, the singer Elvis Presley and of Campbell's soup cans. Andy Wharhol was inspired by images from advertisements and common consumer items. He also made a series of paintings which showed images of car accidents.1. Why did people dislike abstract art?A. People found it hard to understand.B. Ordinary people couldn't afford it.C. People disliked enjoying it in galleries.D. It wasn't based on everyday life.2. What impression do pop art works leave on people?A. They are a rebellion against abstract art.B. They have many elements of abstract art.C. They are created so real.D. They are products of advertisers.3. The Independent Group was set up to ________.A. introduce a new art form to the worldB. develop modern advertising furtherC. create new comic book imagesD. make British culture better knownBYou’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part ofVon Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明）a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped（倾倒）from a truck all atonce.Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.4. What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for?A. Beautifying the city he lives in.B. Introducing eco-friendly products.C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.D. Reducing garbage on the beach.5. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.B. To explain why they are useful.C. To voice his views on modern art.D. To find a substitute for them.6. What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers?A. Calming.B. Disturbing.C. Refreshing.D. Challenging.7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Artists’ Opinions on Plastic SafetyB. Media Interest in Contemporary ArtC. Responsibility Demanded of Big CompaniesD. Ocean Plastics Transformed into SculpturesCMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.8. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous9. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition10. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.11. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chiliesDAbout a billion birds die from flying into buildings each year inNorth America. Suspicions havebeen that birds may regard the open areas behind glass as safe passageways. Or they may mistake the reflected trees for the real thing.Researchers would like to reduce collisions, which requires a solid understanding about what makes a bird more or less likely to die by crashing into a building in the first place.“There was ly little known at a broad scale. Previous studies were at one small study site.'' Jared Elmore, a graduate student in natural resource ecology and management atOklahomaStateUniversity. So he and his colleagues used a previously created data set of building collisions for birds at 40 sites throughoutMexico,Canadaand theU.S.The first finding was obvious: bigger buildings with more glass kill more birds. But the details were more remarkable. "We found that life history predicted collisions. Migrants(候鸟), insect-eaters and woodland-inhabiting species collided more than their counterparts(同类).”Most migratory species travel at night, when lights near buildings can distract or disorient(使迷失方向)them. And Elmore thinks that insect-eating birds might be attracted to buildings because their insect prey(猎物)is attracted to the lights. He suspects that woodland species get tooled by the reflections of trees and bushes in the windows. The results are in the journal Conservation Biology.By understanding which birds are more likely to collide with buildings, researchers can perhaps determine the best way to adapt buildings, or their lighting, to help prevent such accidents. And by knowing risks, along with migration timing and behavior, building managers can better predict when birds are at their greatest danger - and improve lighting strategics accordingly.Elmore's next project will use radar to help predict bird migrations. " I think that would maybe go a long way in terms of providing information to people, to the public, to building managers, on when they can get the most benefit in terms of lights-out policies."12. What is the possible reason for birds' crashing into buildings?A. They didn't see the buildings.B. They took reflections for reality.C. They assumed the windows to be open.D. They considered buildings as safe routes.13. What is Jared Elmore's study different from the previous ones?A. It created a new data set.B. It went beyond national borders.C. It covered a wider range of sites.D. I’ll studied some specific bird species.14. What was the most noticeable finding of Jared Elmore's study?A. Migratory species travel at night.B. Birds tend to be misled by glasses.C. Bigger buildings cause more collisions.D. Birds living habits give rise to collisions.15. Which of the following can help reduce bird collision?A. Adjust the lightening system.B. Attach radars to each building.C. Adopt strict lights-out policies.D. Ban using glasses on buildings.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019-2020学年上海市长宁中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析
2019-2020学年上海市长宁中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AEast Yorkshire has typical unpredictable British weather. So here are some ideas to keep everybody happy when the weather is not the most ideal.William's Den, North CaveThe outdoor and indoor areas are suitable for children of all ages to have fun.There are nests to explore, rope bridges to cross, a tree-house and a slide. The attached Kitchen provides fresh food made from locally sourced ingredients serving a selection of treats.East Riding Leisure CentresKnown for a fun learner pool alongside an incredible fun zone with two slides as well, it is perfect for kids to find their feet in the water, have fun and explore. Its 6 climbing walls offer a different challenge on each. This place is suitable for anyone over the age of 4 and you can refuel at cafe with fresh food, snacks and cakes.Sewerby Hall and GardensWhen the weather’s not sure, take cover in the Hall and learn how life was in the early 1900’s for the residents and workers of the house. Then explore the zoo and meet the pigs, parrots and penguins! Kids of all ages are welcome.Withernsea LighthouseThere’s no limitation to the age of kids to climb Withernsea Lighthouse, which is 144 steps to the top, with full views of the East Yorkshire Coast at the top of it. Enjoy the museum on the ground floor and learn what life is like working and living in a lighthouse. The souvenir shop provides attractive gifts for visitors at a fair price.1.Which one is unsuitable for kids of all ages?A.William’s Den, North Cave.B.East Riding Leisure Centres.C.Sewerby Hall and Gardens.D.Withernsea Lighthouse.2.Where can kids enjoy food?A.In William’s Den, North Cave and Sewerby Hall and Gardens.B.In East Riding Leisure Centres and Withernsea LighthouseC.In William’s Den, North Cave and East RidingLeisure Centres.D.In Sewerby Hall and Gardens and Withernsea Lighthouse.3.Where does this passage probably come from?A.A geography textbook.B.A science report.C.A finance magazine.D.A travel brochure.BSome of my earliest memories involve sitting with my dad in his study every evening when he came home from the office. I’d watch as he put his personal items away: his watch, wallet, comb and car keys would always occupy the same spot on the table every time.Dad’s comb was bought when he married Mum. Every evening, he would smile, hand me the comb and say: “Be a good girl and help Daddy clean it, OK?” I was more than happy to do it. This seems amundanetask, but it brought me such joy at that time. I would excitedly turn the tap on, then brush the comb with a used toothbrush as hard as I could. Satisfied that I’d done a good job, I would proudly return the comb to Dad. He would smile at me, and place the comb on top of his wallet.About two years later, Dad started his own business. I started primary school. That was when things started to change. Dad’s business wasn’t doing so well, and he didn’t come home as much as he used to. Over the years, I stopped waiting for him to come home.Today, I’ve graduated from college and Dad’s business are better now. Yet the uncomfortable silence between Dad and me continued. Two days before my birthday last year, Dad came home early and said to me, “Hey, would you like to help me clean my comb?” I looked at him a while, then took the comb and headed to the sink. It’s a new comb. I hadn’t noticed that he’d changed it. I brushed the comb, and it hit me then: why, as a child, helping my dad clean his comb was such a joy.I passed the clean comb back to Dad. This time, I noticed my day has aged. But his smile is still as heartwarming as before. Dad carefully places his comb on top of his wallet. After so many years, I guess some things never change. And for that, I’m glad.4. As a child, the author helped her dad clean his comb happily because ________.A. she was good at cleaning the combB. she thought that she should do that as a good girlC. her dad was home early to spend the evening with herD. the comb was important for her father and her mother5. Which of the following words can best replace the underlined wordmundanein paragraph two?A. importantB. excitingC. unnecessaryD. uninteresting6. When the author said, “It’s a new comb. I hadn’t noticed that he’d changed it.”, she felt ________.A. disappointedB. impatientC. tiredD. sorry7. What’s the best title of the passage?A. Evenings With Dad.B. How to Clean the Comb.C. My Memory with My Dad.D. I Love My Family Members.COne-year-old Tallulah turned purple and stopped moving after the sweet became stuck in her throat. Her mum Leigh-Anne said the drama began during a visit to her grandma’s house when her grandparents gave her older kids some sweets.“Then at about 4:45 pm, Tallulah started to choke—we all went into a panic.”“It seemed like it went on for ages. Not one of us knew what to do.”“I rang an ambulance while my grandma and granddad tried to get the sweet to come up.”“Tallulah was panicking at first but then she started to go purple—she almost had no oxygen left in her.”With her daughter limp (无力的) and time running out, Leigh—Anne knew she couldn’t afford to wait for the ambulance to arrive.“The only thing I could think was to go out into the street.” She said.“I rushed out and screamed for someone to help while my grandma rushed out crying with Tallulah.”At exactly the moment, Caitlin, who is studying public services atRedcarCollege, was passing byQueen Street. She said, “I was waiting to go to work when I heard someone screaming for help, so I ran straight over.”The 17-year-old girl added, “Something just clicked and I went into auto mode. The little girl was completely limp, so I checked her airways and tilted (使倾斜) her over and started hitting her back. I turned her round and tapped on her chest, then after what felt like forever she coughed up the sweet and spat it out.As soon as she started crying I felt a huge relief. I was just so pleased I was able to help.”Caitlin was taught her lifesaving skills when she joined the Army Cadets four years ago.8. When did Tallulah get choked?A. While eating sweets.B. While enjoying a drama.C. While having a meal.D. While taking some medicine.9. Why did the family go out into the street?A. To buy some needed tools.B. To search for timely help.C. To get a breath of fresh air.D. To wait for the ambulance to arrive.10. Which of the following can best describe Caitlin?A. Brave and selfless.B. Kind and energetic.C. Determined and generous.D. Quick-thinking and helpful.11. What may be the best title for the text?A. First aid skill sounds important.B. Screaming for help makes sense.C. Eating sweets endangers baby girl.D. Heroic teenager saves baby girl’s life.DA student had to get his long hair cut off in a middle school in GuangDong Province. It was talked a lot among teachers and students.In fact, all schools have their own rules. In most schools, boy students are not allowed to have long hair while girls are not allowed to dye their hair. And most school rules say that students should wear their school uniforms at school. And students must obey these rules so that they can get healthy development at school.But some students have disagreements. They think that boy students having long hair doesn't mean that they are not good students. They want to show their own personality. They think that they would look cool too if they had long hair and the hairstyles like their favorite stars.A girl student thought that she would look much more beautiful if she had brown hair. So she had her dark hair dyed brown one day. When she went back to school the next day, the teacher was very angry with her. She said that she worked hard at her lessons and did well in every subject. She just didn't know why the teacher didn't allow her to dye her hair while women teachers can.It is not wrong for teenagers to love stars' hairstyles or wear their favorite clothes. However, a school has its own rules for all the students to obey so that the school can be in good order. Students should not break the rules at school.12. What aren't boy students allowed to do in most middle schools according to this passage?A. To have long hair.B. To wear uniforms.C. To like famous stars.D. To show their own personalities.13. Why did the girl make her hair brown?A. Because she wanted to be cool.B. Because she thought that she would look much more beautiful.C. Because she wanted to make her teacher angry.D Because women teachers dyed their hair.14. What does the writer think of these school rules?A. The students should be against them.B. They are bad for students.C. They can make schools in good order.D. They can't make students grow healthily.15. What is the passage mainly about?A. Hair styles and clothes.B. Schoolboys and schoolgirls.C. Students and famous stars.D. School rules.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
【高三一模】2020届上海长宁、金山区高三英语一模(含答案及听力完整版)
2019学年第一学期高三英语教学质量检测试卷（满分140分）I.Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a garage.2. A. Confident.3. A. Pay the fee. B. Fill in the form.4. A. Nobody thinks Jack disappointing.C. Fewer people enjoy this basketball season.5. A. He does not like Chicago.C. He has no idea about Chicago at all.6. A. House agent and renter.C. Shop assistant and customer.7. A. She has cancelled the meeting.C. She will call a meeting today.8. A. Tt is ridiculous for children to study abroad.C. It is safer to follow the popular trend first.9. A. She is mad at the man's ignorance.C. She didn't notice the man's appearance.10. A. He is in urgent need of a talk.C. He runs a lab in the middle of the city. B.She holds different opinions with Jack.D. She cares about other people's comments. B. He wishes to visit Chicago.D. He thinks Chicago not worth seeing.B. Policeman and driver.D. Housewife and cleaner.B. The meeting has been announced today.D. The meeting will not be held tomorrow.B. Tt is up to Frank to decide his schooling. D. It is well worth sending Frank abroad.B. She is happy with the man's concentration. D. She didn't want to answer the man's question.B. He is fully occupied right now.D. He considers the experiment needless.B. In the clinic.B. Confused.C. At the airport.D. At a restaurant.C. Worried.D. Funny.C. Find a photograph.D. Prove citizenship.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversations) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following talk,11. A. To state the difficulties the team members may face with.B.To find support from parents for scholarship contributions.C.To attract potential players from some other sports.D.To raise funds for a swimming competition.12.A. The committee of a swim club. B. Reporters for a swimming competition.C. The board of swim coaches.D. Candidates for a swimming team.13.A. Tt is less financially rewarding. B. Tt offers a more promising academic future.C. It is less physically demanding.D. It provides a more flexible training schedule.Questions 14 through 17 are based on the following passage.14. A. By mending photographic tools. B. By monitoring rare animals.C. By comparing available images.D. By drawing accurate tracks.15. A. The comments. B. The phone numbers. C. The foil names. D. The instructions.16. A. Don't leave any footprints. B. Go with some local guides.C. Don't disturb the animals in cage.D. Relax in the natural environment.17. A. Stories of tracking endangered animals. B. Techniques of wild animal tracking.C. A program of protecting endangered animals.D. A wild animal protection organization.Questions 18 through 20 are based on the following conversation.18. A. About twenty pages. B. Within two pages.C. As long as five pages.D. No shorter than ten pages.19. A. They don't tell the truth. B. They make spelling mistakes.C. They don't know the job well.D. They send many resumes at a time.20. A. Practicing computer skills first. B. Reading as many advertisements as possible.C. Trying to be more specific.D. Knowing the expectations of the position.TT. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For theblanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one -word that best fits each blank.A Grateful Patient1 took a job as a receptionist fbr a vet (兽医)almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition (21) I wouldn't have to assist with any wounded animals. I didn't have the courage (22) (watch) any creature in pain.At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day (23) a young man ran up to us holding a severely injured Doberman puppy (杜宾幼犬)in his arms and begging us to save his life. The four-month-old puppy had been hit by a car.The doctor and 1 ran back into the operating room. The only place (24) the skin was still attached to his poor little body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like hours, (25) (sew) him back together again. That was the easy part. The puppy had broken multiple bones, including his back. (26) he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again.The day forever changed my life. 1 became the vefs assistant in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy. Weeks went by until one day he finally recovered.Fast-forward about a year. I walked into the clinic's (27) (crowd) waiting room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a huge Doberman ran toward me. I found (28) pinned against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his back legs, his front paws (爪子)on my shoulders, washing my face with plentiful and joyful kisses!I still tear up in amazement (29) the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago. 1 went on to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since retirement, 1 have volunteered at a no-kill animal shelter. In all the time that has passed and all the experiences T have had, T5ve never met a dog who didn't know that it (30)(rescue) in one way or another.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Marketing the MoonAn astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrong's first lunar (月球的)footstep is deep-rooted in the minds of all humankind. But that first moon landing might not have been such a(n) 31 moment if it weren't for NASA's clever PR (PublicRelations) team.Richard Jurek is a marketing 32 and co-author of the book Marketing the Moon: The Selling of the Apollo Lunar Program. He says NASA's move to real-time, open communication made the 1969 Apollo 11 landing "the first positive viral event that 33 the world's attention."Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the military's territory; that secretiveness carried over into the space agency's early days. At first, NASA followed a "fire in the tail" rule, only 34 a rockefs launch when it was successfully in the air. But as the agency evolved, it started announcing more details about the Apollo program. It _35 its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges, and shared launch times so people could watch. “Tf it had been run like it was under the military,Jurek says, “we would not have had that sense of drama, that sense of involvement, that sense of wonder, that 36 Instead, all the PR and press promotion in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human spaceflight program into people's living rooms and imaginations.As the drama neared its peak, NASA's PR officials pushed for live TV broadcasts of the first humans to walk on the moon. Not everyone thought it was a good idea. The technology for live lunar broadcasts, and cameras small enough to keep the cargo 37 … didn't exist at that point. Some engineers worried that developing that equipment would _38 from efforts to achieve the landing itself. But NASA's communications team argued that telling the story was as vital as the 39 itself. Live TV would bring the American people一and international viewers一along fbr the ride.Come landing day, which 40 fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people worldwide crowded around TVs and radios fbr the historic moment. "We were able to come together and do something that was exciting and interesting and brought the world together," says David Meerman Scott, marketing strategist and co-author of Marketing the Moon. "I don't know that we've done anything like that since."TTT. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ancient creatures likely evolved the stress response to better escape from hunters. But today its causes include traffic, deadlines and first dates. According to a 2018 American Psychological Association survey of more than 3,000 people, the top 41 are work, money, the economy and health.Although everyone faces stress, people react to it 42 . "There's the situation, how we 43 the situation, and then our skills at handling the situation," says psychologist William Lovallo of the University of Oklahoma. __44 experiences help us assess appropriate responses, so most people improve with age. "A high school student or a college student might not have those 45 skills and might let a situation get out of hand," he adds.Most 46 have normal stress responses, regulated to give the right burst of hormones（激素）and bodily changes for a particular stressor. But others always over-or underreact, which may be a warning sign for physical or mental 47 . To study this, scientists often monitor cortisol（皮质醇）or heart rate variations throughout the day and during trying tasks.48 the intensity of these responses seems to be set from a young age. Studies have shown that people who experienced childhood hardships一including physical punishment and a（n） 49 home一are more likely to have quiet stress reactions as adults. For example, as part of a study published in 2012, Lovallo exposed 354 participants to moderate stress. People who self-reported early-life 50 actually had lower heart rates and cortisol levels than other participants. While the study tasks were not important, the individuals' underreactions suggest their stress response may also have trouble 51 when it really matters. Tt can be just as 52 as an extreme response. Other research has found links between childhood conflict, abnormally low adult stress and substance misuse. Though the biology is not fully understood, it's suggested that early-life neglect or suffering 53 the body's stress pathways.Even before birth, a child can 54 parental stress. The phenomenon is well-demonstrated in rats and mice, and some papers have shown the same association 55 . For example, babies born to mothers who survived the 9/11 attacks all had low cortisol levels.41. A. stressors B. responses C. secrets D. concerns42. A. appropriately B. differently C. normally D. mentally43. A. improve B. influence C. describe D. evaluate44. A. Valuable B. Professional C. Previous D. Constant45. A. coping B. living C. learning D. acting46. A. adults B. researchers C. students D. monitors47. A. functions B. disorders C. variations D. abilities48. A. By the way B. In some cases C. On the contrary D. As a result49. A. independent B. distinguished C. unstable D. extended50. A. education B. experience C. involvement D. difficulty51. A. racing up B. showing up C. taking up D. keeping up52. A. impressive B. insignificant C. positive D. unhealthy53. A. smooths B. follows C. dulls D. destroys54. A. endure B. relieve C. increase D. inherit55. A. between animals B. in humans C. with society D. of importanceSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I live in a second-floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner of the house. House and tree have been here, side by side, for well over a century. No one really knows how old the tree is, but it was already there when builders started on the house at the beginning of the 1900s.It was still rather young and flexible back then, so it easily welcomed the new structure into its path. Tt bent and adjusted itself to make room, and to find the space to grow big and strong and wise. Which means that some hundred years later, the solid, strong branches of the tree reach around two full sides of my home. It's covered in moss (苔薛), which is, in turn, crawling with all sorts of insects. 1 have never seen the insects, by the way, 1 just know that they're there because of all the birds trying to pick them out. They are always hopping around, looking for this and that and singing songs.I feel like I have become part of the ecosystem. When I'm eating breakfast or making dinner in the kitchen, I can look outand see a bird hopping around skillfully, gathering its own meal while I tend to mine. When Fm sitting in the living room, reading or drinlcing tea, I can suddenly find myself face to face with another bird. We'll be staring at each other and, after some time, decide we can both carry on with our business. Living side by side. Even as T write thisthe large windows open to a lovely, soft evening一a white feather comes floating down by my side. Probably from one of the resident pigeons.As 1 don't have the luxury of a garden, this tree makes me feel connected to the outdoors. Such an ancient tree, a tree that is itself home to many other creatures—that feels different. It is as if it has adopted me and made me a part of its world, without ever asking for something in return. But if needs be, T know that it can count on me and T will protect it with all my strength.56. The flat the author lives in is .A. built in an ancient treeB. hugged by a giant treeC. decorated with branchesD. surrounded by a garden57. Tn the author's description, she implies that _____A. birds keep her warm companyB. she has been living on tree productsC. moss makes her flat nice and coolD. she has been bothered by the insects58. What does the author really treasure?A. A close-to-nature life.B. A luxurious garden.C. A spacious house.D. A sociable neighbor.59.Which of the following can be used to express the author's feeling?A.Jealous.B. Inferior.C. Content.D. Passionate.(B)The Sleep of Your DreamsAccording to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a third of us don't get nearly enough shut-eye. Our collective tiredness has promoted a $41 billion market for devices promising more 一and higher-quality 一sleep. In my everlasting search fbr downtime, I tested some of the most promising ones. Here's how they stacked up.* REM: rapid eye movement (describes a period of sleep during which you dream and your eyes make small movements)60. By "how they stacked up” in paragraph 1, the author probably means "how they _______A. make sense to manufacturersB. get stuck in storesC. are compared with each otherD. are piled up together 61. Which of the following devices favourably reacts to users?A. Dreampad pillowB. Eight sleep trackerC. Smart Nora Wireless Snoring SolutionD. Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System 62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature.B. The Nightingale is an economical but perfect device.C. Soft music is applied to all these four devices.D. One in three people suffer from sleep problem.(C)An epidemic is the occurrence of a disease which affects a very large number of people living in an area and which spreads quickly to other people. Like infectious diseases, ideas in the academic world are spreadable. But why some travel far and wide while equally good ones remain in relative insignificance has been a mystery. Now a team of computer scientists has used an epidemiological model to imitate how ideas move from one academic institution to another. The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions caused bigger "epidemics" than equally good ideas from less well-known places, explains Allison Morgan, a computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and lead author of the new study. "This implies that where anEight sleep tracker? $299This mattress (床垫)topper fits under a sheet and >“turns any bed into a smart bed,,, according to Eight" While Tslept, the sensor-decorated pad gathered data < like heart rate,periods of deepest sleep, and number of: turns. It was easy touse, and I liked the warming / feature, which let me set eachside of the bed to a : different temperature.REM Score: 8 (out of 10) Dreampad pillow $149 and up The Dreampad uses smooth soundscapes to help < you power down. Connect the device to your phone 、, via Bluetooth or USB, and the pillow emits soft music, / audible only to you as you lay your head down. There are ten tracks on offer. 1 didn't drift off any faster with > the Dreampad, but it did help me fall back asleep [when T woke up at night.<REM Score: 6 Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution$299 .My eight-hour restful happiness is frequently >interrupted by my husband's snoring. The Smart Nora' .5relieves me of the need to push him. When the bedside ? audiosensor detects a breathing disturbance, it slowly ) blows up theoffender's pillow, gently shifting them 「/ into a freer-breathingposition. My husband sometimes ： woke up briefly but wassoon asleep again.REM Score: 8 Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System $149 The Nightingale is hi-tech. Two app-enabled units wrap the room in a blanket of warm sound. You can also program the system to provide weather and traflfic information when you wake up. The only downside: in standby mode, it emits a faint noise. REM Score: 9idea is born shapes how far it spreads, holding the quality of the idea constant." says senior author Aaron Clauset, also at Boulder.Not only is this unfair~~''it reveals a big weakness in how we're doing science," says Simon DeDeo, a professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not involved in the study. There are many highly trained people with good ideas who do not end up at top institutions. "They are producing good ideas, and we know those ideas are getting lost," DeDeo says. "Our science, our scholarship, is not as good because of this.,,The Colorado researchers analyzed an existing data set of computer science department hires in North America, as well as a database of publications by these hires. First they looked at how five big ideas in computer science spread to new institutions. They found that hiring a new member accounted for this movement a little more than a third of the time一and in 81 percent of those cases, transfers took place from higher-to lower-status universities. Then the team imitated the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious disease model and found that the size of an idea "epidemic" (as measured by the number of institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating institution. The findings were published online last October in EP J Data Science.The researchers9 model suggests that there "may be a number of quite good ideas that originate in the middle of the pack, in terms of universities,Clauset says. DeDeo agrees. There is a lot of good work coming out of less famous places, he says: "You can learn a huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people don't know because they're not even paying attention.,,63.The word "this" in paragraph 2 refers to the fact that .A.the time when good ideas were born decides how far they may spreadB.the quality of the original ideas tends to be not easy to maintainC.good ideas from less important institutions lack influenceD.scholars in insignificant institutions consider their ideas valueless64.The case of some hires in paragraph 3 is used to indicate .A.the statistics the epidemiological model provides for the researchersB.why the originating institutions transfer their new findingsC.how they carry the ideas from lower- to higher-status institutionsD.the way the movements of some new ideas happen and their effects65.Researchers such as Clauset are very much concerned about .A.losing quite a number of great and creative thoughtsB.missing the opportunities of getting more well-knownC.misusing the epidemiological model in scientific research areasD.having difficulty in finding more proper science department hires66.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Infectious DiseasesB. Original IdeasC. Idea EpidemicD. Epidemiological ModelSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The Fullness of TimeMost of us think we have very little time, but the truth is we actually have a lot一on average, five hours 49 minutes each day, which means we typically have somewhere between 36 and 40 hours available to be spent every week however we want. So why don't we feel time-rich? 67One is that we earn more, so time feels more expensive. Then there's the way we've come to see busyness as a status symbol: important people are busy, so we want to be busy, too. Add to that the flood of incoming emails and texts, along with the endless ocean of possibilities, and it's easy to see where time goes.A second factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others are doing, making us anxious.68 This fools us into thinking we're being more productive with our work time, so we try to do it with our leisure time, too. When we're playing with our kids, we check Facebook. When we're hanging out with one group of friends, we post pictures to show another. This is something sociologists call "polluted time'.We're also addicted to our devices. In 2007, the amount of leisure time we spent on devices like smartphones could be measured in minutes. Now, we spend on average 3.5 hours a day online. 69You might be wondering why you need help deciding how to spend your free time—after all you know the sort of things you enjoy, so what could be so diffic ult? Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has a surprising opinion on it. “The popular assumption is that no skills are involved in enjoying free time, anybody can do it. Yet the evidence suggests the opposite; free time is more difficult to enjoy than work." Worryingly, scientists have found that people are often no happier after a holiday than if they'd never taken one. 70 The question still remains unsettled.TV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s） of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Cryptocurrency（加密货币）Making payments online is very easy these days if you have a credit card or a bank card that uses a payment network. Sending money online to a friend, you have to use a payment service like Google Pay or PayPal, or make a bank transfer. However, there is usually a significant delay before the receiver can use the money, and transfers can have sizeable fees.In 2008, a group of people published a paper describing a process that would use cryptograph（密码学）to create a secure electronic cash system, known as a cryptocurrency. Person-to-person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial organization. Each transaction could happen very quickly. The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to confirm those transactions safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized bankingsystem would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.Today, there are over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be valid global payment systems like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry. One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash in virtual "wallets" or exchange one kind of electronic cash for another. However, clever thieves have broken into many of these websites and stolen electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of false cryptocurrencies advertised on the Internet. The advertisements invite Internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along with the victims, money. Tn response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.我真的应该为自己失礼的行为向你道歉。
2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷
2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．200．B．300．C．400．D．600．2．（1分）A．At a bus stop．B．At home．C．At the airport．D．At a supermarket．3．（1分）A．Manager and employee．B．Teacher and student．C．Husband and wife．D．Brother and sister．4．（1分）A．He went to a picture show．B．He painted some pictures．C．He watched a football match on TV．D．He went out to play football．5．（1分）A．The mouse．B．The price．C．The monitor．D．The keyboard．6．（1分）A．The man shouldn't be so anxious．B．She's already an hour late．C．The man shouldn't wait to be interviewed．D．She's too nervous to calm down．7．（1分）A．It is his favorite book．B．It is not worth reading．C．It is not the one he likes．D．It is better than he expected．8．（1分）A．Business is not necessarily good at the turn of the year．B．Business is always good at the end of the year．C．Businessmen are the busiest people at the end of the year．D．There will be many cases at the end of the year．9．（1分）A．She didn't like it at all．B．She thought it was very easy．C．She thought it was too hard for her to follow．D．She thought the instructor was very good．10．（1分）A．They will make a phone call to Dr．Smith tomorrow．B．They can put down the clock because it is always slow．C．Dr．Smith was late for the call．D．They can call on Dr．Smith tomorrow．Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．The impact of painful memories．B．New research on a pill and the argument about it．C．A way of wiping out painful memories．D．A proper method for changing memories．（2）A．It can cause the brain to fix memories．B．It can stop people remembering bad experiences．C．It can prevent the body producing certain chemicals．D．It can wipe out the emotional effects of memories．（3）A．Experts are not sure about the effects of the pill．B．The pill will certainly stop people's emotional memories．C．Taking the pill will do harm to people's physical health．D．The pill has already been produced and used by the American public．12．（4.5分）（1）A．Wearing high heels can improve women's balance．B．Wearing high heels exposes women to strains．C．Wearing high heels can result in back pain．D．Wearing high heels can lead to unhealthy walking patterns．（2）A．They should choose proper heels．B．They should exercise their ankle muscles properly．C．They should measure the strength of their ankles frequently．D．They should give up the habit of wearing high heels．（3）A．Because they thought it was fashionable．B．Because it was a symbol of status．C．Because it could help them to shoot their bow and arrow more effectively．D．Because it was required by European emperors．13．（6分）（1）A．Believing in themselves．B．Writing a book．C．Challenging their life．D．Asking for help．（2）A．She makes children's programs．B．She gets involved in legal decisions．C．She simplifies a judge's job．D．She explains the function of the law in simple words．（3）A．Sharing things with others．B．Solving problems．C．Talking with others．D．Having her opinions heard．（4）A． A judge's reflection on her job and life．B．The success of a children's program．C．The importance of law in daily life．D．The problems people meet in court．Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）However depressed you may be feeling now，if you look back，there certainly will have been events that made you happy﹣maybe the time （1）you bought your first bicycle or you were awarded a scholarship．When good things happen，we feel excited，proud and happy．But the problem is，happiness doesn't usually last．The excitement of that first bicycle purchase wears off，and the pride in the scholarship gives way to the stress of performing （2）（well）on the next exam．Psychologists call this phenomenon hedonic adaptation （享乐适应症）﹣that is，（3）good something makes us feel，most of the time we drift back to （4）we started．An often （5）（quote）example is that lottery winners are no happier than non﹣winners eighteen months after their win．But don't despair．It is possible to make happiness last．Psychologists have found two anti﹣adaptation tools that are effective in sustaining happiness：variety and appreciation．Variety is，as we all know，the spice of life．But it's also a useful weapon （6）adaptation．Positive changes that （7）（experience）in a variety of ways are more likely to lead to lasting happiness．For example，you will feel happier about your volunteer work （8）you are able to cope with new tasks every week．The second tool，appreciation，is in many ways the opposite of adaptation．It's about focusing on something，instead of letting it fade into the background．It is only when you appreciate something （9）an enduring feeling of happiness will follow．Human beings spend a lot of time figuring out what makes them happy，but not enough time （10）（try）to hang on to the happiness they already have．This is like focusing all your energy on making more money，without giving any thought to what you will do with the money．The key to happiness is to not only look for new opportunities but also to makethe most of the ones you've been given．Section BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10分）Want to figure out if someone is a psychopath （精神变态者）？Ask them what their favourite song is．A New York University study last year found that people who loved Eminem's Lose Yourself and Justin Bieber's What Do You Mean？were more likely to （1）highly on the psychopathy scale than people who were into Dire Straits．Over the past few years，Spotify has been enhancing its data analytic （2）in an attempt to help marketers （3）consumers with adverts tailored to the mood they're in．They infer this from the sort of music you're listening to，（4）with where and when you're listening to it，along with third﹣party data that might be available．Now，to be clear，there's nothing particularly （5）about what Spotify is doing with your data．I certainly don't think that they are working with shadowy consulting firms to serve you ads promoting a culture war while you're listening to the songs that （6）you might be in a casually racist mood．Nevertheless，I find it （7）that our personal private moments with music are increasingly being turned into data points and sold to advertisers．You can see where this could go，can't you？As ad targeting gets ever more complicated，marketers will have the ability to target our emotions in （8）exploitative ways．According to one study，titled Misery Is Not Miserly，you are more likely to spend more on a （9）if you're feeling sad．You can imagine some companies might take advantage of that．And on that note，I'm feeling a little down about all this．I'll （10）off to treat myself to something expensive．Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word orphrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）The constant working engine that drives the majority of human action is，undoubtedly，the fragrant dream of individualism．And while the presence of its scent is （1）throughout the world entirely，its value is worshipped （敬奉）to such an extent in a land no other than that of America．As the framework of its history，America holds individuality as the ever﹣popular green light，the essence of which becomes the symbol of hope for，well，almost everything．In fact，in America's current social status，individuality has become something of a birthright，and a （2）applied upon the face of the media，where it was （3）valued as the American dream．There is no denying the popularity of this idol in American society，and little hope for （4）it．However，（5）most pride themselves in their individualistic state，perhaps humans，when stripped （剥）to their core （核心），are everything but．It is no new discovery that people are the sum of their experiences．The overwhelming majority of human experiences involve other humans，along with the （6）and relationships between them．It is a （7）occurrence when a life is built upon events without this stimulus．Indeed，interaction is the core of experience．Therefore，in order that humans are the sum of their experiences，they must be the sum of the people that they meet，just as well．As an Americanized teen，I found the discovery that not only my self﹣entitled individualism was （8），but that I，as a being，was a product，increasingly unsettling to accept．Questions （9）me such as "If I am bits and pieces of everyoneI have met ﹣my family，my teachers，all of my friends，and even strangers ﹣then whatis left that is just me？What part of me is just me？How much of myself is the combining of different parts of different people？Is such a （10）between myself and others even possible？"Such are inquiries that will continue to be thought about，as I have come to accept that they will remain a （11）．Therefore，with the allowance of these questions，the response must be a （12）in the definition of "oneself"．The previously mentioned questions no longer concern me，as I have put a stop to the idea that the "real" me is some lostisolated island on top of an ocean of influence．I realized that my personality cannot depend on a（n）（13）between influenceand individualism，as such is a line that cannot be distinct．（14），I must be a person whose calmness is a beautifully hazy mixture，and a steady question．Thus，it is the commonly unnoticed durable mystery that is the frustration of those who can （15）the lie of individualism．Hopefully，they will come into acceptance．（1）A．unpredictable B．untrustworthy C．unreliable D．undeniable （2）A．necessity B．characteristic C．mark D．model（3）A．later B．previously C．extremely D．publicly（4）A．destroying B．appreciating C．chasing D．escaping（5）A．though B．if C．since D．as（6）A．conflict B．tension C．interaction D．cooperation （7）A．common B．rare C．frequent D．strange（8）A．right B．justified C．unclear D．false（9）A．affected B．interrupted C．bothered D．surprised（10）A．separation B．combination C．contrast D．communication （11）A．secret B．mystery C．truth D．fantasy（12）A．gap B．belief C．factor D．change（13）A．distinction B．connection C．exchange D．medium（14）A．Therefore B．However C．Instead D．Furthermore （15）A．break up B．make up C．cope with D．see through Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（8分）Charity Cycling UK recently launched a campaign to raise awareness of dooring after discovering that many people don't know what it is．Dooring is when a driver orpassenger opens the door into another road user﹣typically cyclist﹣without looking for other road users．Cycling UK chief executive Paul Tuohy told Gloucestershire Live："Some people seem to see car dooring as a bit of a joke，but it's not and can have serious consequences．Cycling UK wants to see great awareness made about the dangers of opening your car door carelessly，and people to be encouraged to look before they open．"The charity says 2，009 of the 3，000 injuries were sustained by cyclists，resulting in five fatalities but says this might not be the full extent of the danger．Cycling UK says not all car dooring incidents will be attended by police，so the charity has written to transport minister Jesse Norman calling for a public awareness campaign urging all car occupants，not just drivers，to look before opening vehicle doors．One of the ways the charity suggests is the "Dutch reach"，where people leaving a vehicle reach over and use the non﹣door side hand to open the door．Cycling UK also suggests harsher laws and advice on safer road positioning for people who cycle．Mr．Tuohy said："In the Netherlands they are known for practicing a method，known sometimes as the ‘Dutch reach'，which we think could be successfully encouraged in the UK．""Cycling UK has written to the Department for Transport asking them to look into this，and highlight the dangers of ‘car dooring' through a public awareness THINK style campaign．"If you're really concerned about opening a door into the path of a cyclist coming behind you，consider using what's known as the "Dutch reach" to open the door．That will naturally turn you in your seat and give you a much better view of what's coming up alongside in the car．（1）Why does the author mention the figures in Paragraph 3？A．To cause public concern．B．To report the terrible accidents．C．To show the danger of car dooring．D．To stress the importance of traffic safety．（2）While doing the "Dutch reach"，you should．A．sit still in your seatB．open the car door politelyC．use the inside hand to open the doorD．use the left hand to open the car door（3）What can be learned from the text？A．Many people are ignorant of car dooring．B．The "Dutch reach" is well received in England．C．Dooring incidents are all attended by police．D．Drivers are to blame for dooring incidents．（4）What's the author's attitude towards car dooring？A．Negative．B．Ridiculous．C．Neutral．D．Concerned18．（6分）Confucius InstituteThe Confucius Institute at the University of Minnesota offers several short classes on Chinese language and culture．★Class FeesThe cost of classes is 225（170 for Chinese Rehab）★Class CalendarThe Confucius Institute follows the University of Minnesota semester schedule．The Confucius Institute classes start a few weeks after the start of the University semester and last for ten class sessions．Classes are not held on University holidays．The upcoming class sessions will be：Spring 2018：February 1﹣April 7Summer 2018：June 13﹣August 25Tentative class calendar：The schedule may change due to teacher availability．★Class CancellationsAny class not meeting minimum enrollment by four business days before the class start date will be cancelled and you will be contacted．If we must cancel a class due to insufficient enrollment or any other circumstance beyond our control，we will offer a full refund or issue credit towards another class．★Contact InformationThe Confucius Institute is located within the University International Center on the east bank of the Twin Cities campus．The University International Center is located in the Keeler Apartment building．Enter at the corner of 17th Avenue S．E．and 4th Street through the doors located near the "University International Center" sign．Office hoursThe office is generally open Monday through Friday，from 8：00 a．m．until 4：30 p．m．The office is closed daily from12：00 noon until 1：00 p．m．and is closed on all University holidays．Office Address160 University International Center，331﹣17th Ave．S．E．，Minneapolis，MN 55414 Phone：612625﹣5080Fax：612﹣625﹣5158Email：confucius（@ umn．edu（1）Chinese Rehab．A．costs more moneyB．is held on MondayC．lasts one and a half hoursD．has four classes a week（2）To get information about the classes，you can visit the office．A．on Monday noonB．at 12：30 a．m．，TuesdayC．on Wednesday eveningD．at 1：30 p．m．，Friday（3）What is True about the classes？A．The schedule may be changeable．B．They can be one﹣to﹣one instruction．C．They are held on University holidays．D．They start at the beginning of the University semester．19．（8分）Parallel worlds exist and interact with our world，say physicists．Quantum mechanics （量子力学），though firmly tested，is so weird and anti﹣intuitivethat physicist Richard Feynman once remarked，"I think I can safely say nobody understands quantum mechanics．" Attempts to explain some of the bizarre （奇异的）consequences of quantum theory have led to some mind﹣bending ideas，such as the Copenhagen interpretation and the many﹣worlds interpretation．Now there's a new theory on the block，called the "many interacting worlds" hypothesis （假设）（MIW），and the idea is just as profound as it sounds．The theory suggests not only parallel worlds exist，but that they interact with our world on the quantum level and are thus detectable．Though still speculative （推测的），the theory may help to finally explain some of the bizarre consequences inherent in quantum mechanics．The theory is a spinoff of the many﹣worlds interpretation in quantum mechanics﹣an assumption that all possible alternative histories and futures are real，each representing an actual，though parallel，world．One problem with the many﹣worlds interpretation，however，has been that it is fundamentally untestable，since observations can only be made in our world．Happenings in these proposed "parallel" worlds can thus only be imagined．MIW，however，says otherwise．It suggests that parallel worlds can interact on the quantum level，and in fact that they do．"The idea of parallel universes in quantum mechanics has been around since 1957，" explained Howard Wiseman，a physicist at Griffith University in Brisbane，Australia，and one of the physicists to come up with MIW．"In the well﹣known ‘Many﹣Worlds Interpretation'，each universe branches into a bunch of new universes every time a quantum measurement is made．All possibilities are therefore realized ﹣in some universes the dinosaur﹣killing asteroid （小行星）missed Earth．In others，Australia was colonized by the Portuguese．""But critics question the reality of these other universes，since they do not influence our universe at all，" he added．"On this score，our ‘Many Interacting Worlds' approach is completely different，as its name implies．"Wiseman and colleagues have proposed that there exists "a universal force of repulsion between ‘nearby'（i．e．similar）worlds，which tends to make them more dissimilar．" Quantum effects can be explained by factoring in this force，they propose．When asked about whether their theory might imply that humans could someday interactwith other worlds，Wiseman said："It's not part of our theory．But the idea of human interactions with other universes is no longer pure fantasy．"What might your life look like if you made different choices？Maybe one day you'll be able to look into one of these alternative worlds and find out．（1）According to Paragraph 1﹣2，which of the following statements is true about quantum mechanics？A．It's been tested that no one in the world knows what quantum mechanics is．B．The theory of quantum mechanics is intuition（直觉）based．C．Quantum theories should be interpreted in many different ways．D．Quantum mechanics is valid and based on profound research．（2）According to paragraph 3﹣5，the new theory "MIW" differs from the previous one in that．A．MIW develops from quantum mechanicsB．MIW suggests the interaction can be detectedC．The previous one is based on profound foundationD．The previous one proves that MIW is imagined（3）According to the passage，critics of parallel universes and its supporters mainly disagrees in．A．the origin of these parallel universesB．the foundation of these universesC．the reality of these other universesD．the ways of how these parallel universes interact（4）The last sentence of the last paragraph implies that．A．someday humans may live in different universes in one lifetimeB．humans may make different choices simultaneously （同时地）and live in different universesC．humans may live again from the beginning if they regret their life in this universeD．life would be more unexpected，but all you expect may be true in other universes Section CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentencegiven in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.20．（8分）Shanghai Hengyuanxiang Drama Development Company and Netherlander Worldwide Entertainment signed a deal last November that would see Shimmer （《犹太人在上海》）become the first Chinese musical to have an open﹣ended run on Broadway in 2019．（1）Directed by Xu Jun，Shimmer is a musical in both English and Chinese．Shimmer，which tells a story about Jews who fled to Shanghai to escape Nazi persecution （迫害）during World War II，was first shown at the Shanghai Culture Square in 2015．（2）The musical's scheduled open﹣ended run in 2019 will be one of the events to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States．With this play being shown on Broadway，the ties between Chinese people and Americans will be firmly strengthened．And through this drama，the audience can feel the charm of Chinese culture．（3）To deal with the problem，many production companies in Shanghai have pointed out that they should keep striving for improvement by creating more Chinese musicals and by creating more audiences．Currently，those who watch Western musicals in China are limited to a small group ﹣people who have received a university education or have had overseas working experiences，white﹣collar and even gold﹣collar workers．There are onlya handful of people who understand foreign languages and you have to find a way to motivatethe public and get them into the theater．（4）There has been a handful of successful musical stories in Shanghai．The Chinese editions of Broadway musicals Cats and Mamma Mia，both of which had hundreds of shows across China，are among the top box office hits．Summary Writing21．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．Gossip"Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday？" Lindsey whispers to Tori．With her eyes shining，Tori brags，"You bet I did，Sean told me two days ago．"Lindsey and Tori aren't very different from most students here at Linton High School，including me．Many of our conversations are gossip and I have noticed the effects of gossip．An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about．Usually，gossip spreads information about a topic﹣breakups，trouble at home﹣thata person would rather keep secret．The more embarrassing the secret is，the juicier the gossipit makes．Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie．People often think of gossipers as harmless，but cruel lies can cause pain．If we know that gossip can be harmful，then why do so many of us do it？The answer lies in another effect of gossip：the satisfaction it gives us．Sharing the latest rumor can makea person feel important because he or she knows something that others don't．Similarly，hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the "in group"．In other words，gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority．Gossip also can have a third effect：it strengthens unwritten rules about how people should act．Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group．For instance，if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said，then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention．The do's and don'ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook．The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation．The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news，think about why you want to gossip and what effects your "juicy story"might have．TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（3分）新来的员工经验不足，在解决顾客投诉时遇到了麻烦．（have trouble）23．（3分）医生向病人保证，只要他按时服药就没有大碍．（assure）24．（4分）尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他同事推荐的那个课程．（despite）25．（5分）直到妻子与他离了婚，他才意识到他应该多抽一些时间陪伴家人，而不是一心只有工作．（until）Guided Writing26．（20分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．目前中国的移动支付（mobile payment）非常盛行，越来越多的年轻人选择使用移动支付，有的人认为移动支付给人们带来了便利，而有些人认为这种方式存在安全隐患．请你谈谈对这一现象的看法．内容包括：1．简要描述你或你身边的人在日常生活中使用移动支付的现象．2．通过与传统方式的比较，谈谈移动支付给人们带来的利与弊．（参考词汇：微信Wechat；支付宝：Alipay；二维码QR code）2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．200．B．300．C．400．D．600．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略2．（1分）A．At a bus stop．B．At home．C．At the airport．D．At a supermarket．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略3．（1分）A．Manager and employee．B．Teacher and student．C．Husband and wife．D．Brother and sister．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略4．（1分）A．He went to a picture show．B．He painted some pictures．C．He watched a football match on TV．D．He went out to play football．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略5．（1分）A．The mouse．B．The price．C．The monitor．D．The keyboard．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略6．（1分）A．The man shouldn't be so anxious．B．She's already an hour late．C．The man shouldn't wait to be interviewed．D．She's too nervous to calm down．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】D【点评】略7．（1分）A．It is his favorite book．B．It is not worth reading．C．It is not the one he likes．D．It is better than he expected．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】C【点评】略8．（1分）A．Business is not necessarily good at the turn of the year．B．Business is always good at the end of the year．C．Businessmen are the busiest people at the end of the year．D．There will be many cases at the end of the year．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略9．（1分）A．She didn't like it at all．B．She thought it was very easy．C．She thought it was too hard for her to follow．D．She thought the instructor was very good．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】B【点评】略10．（1分）A．They will make a phone call to Dr．Smith tomorrow．B．They can put down the clock because it is always slow．C．Dr．Smith was late for the call．D．They can call on Dr．Smith tomorrow．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】A【点评】略Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer。
【2020长宁金山区区一模】上海市长宁、金山区2020届高三上学期英语教学质量检测(一模)Word版含答案
2019-2020年长宁&金山高三第一学期期末质量监控英语试卷（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2019.12考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟,试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. In a garage. B. In the clinic. C. At the airport D. At a restaurant2.A Confident. B. Confused C. Worried D. Funny3. A. Pay the fee. B. fill in the form. C.Find a photograph D.Prove citizenship4. A Nobody thinks Jack disappointing. B. She holds different opinions with JackC. Fewer people enjoy this basketball season.D. She cares about other people’s comments.5. A. He does not like Chicago B. He wishes to visit Chicago.C. He has no idea about Chicago at all.D. He thinks Chicago not worth seeing.6. A. House agent and renter. B. Policeman and driver.C. Shop assistant and customer.D. Housewife and cleaner.7. A. She has cancelled the meeting. B. The meeting has been announced today.C. She will call a meeting today.D. The meeting will not be held tomorrow.8. A. It is ridiculous for children to study abroad. B. It is up to Frank to decide his schooling.C. It is safer to follow the popular trend first.D. It is well worth sending Frank aboard.9. A. She is mad at the man’s ignorance. B. She is happy with the man’s concentration.C. She didn’t notice the man’s appearance.D. She didn’t want to answer the man’s question.10.A.He is in urgent need of a talk. B. He is fully occupied right now.C. He runs a lad in the middle of the city.D. He considered the experiment needless.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To state the difficulties the team members may face withB. To find support from parents for scholarship contributionC. To attract potential players from some other sportsD. To raise funds for a swimming competition12. A. The committee of a swim clubB. Reporters for a swimming competition.C. The board of swim coachesD. Candidates for a swimming team13. A. It is less financially rewardingB. It offers a more promising academic future.C. It is less physically demandingD. It provides a more flexible training schedule.Questions 14 through 17are based on the following passage.14. A. By mending photographic tools. B. By monitoring rare animalsC. By comparing available images.D. By drawing accurate tracks15. A. The comments B. The phone numbers.C. The full namesD. The instructions16.A. Don't leave any footprints. B. Go with some local guidesC. Don't disturb the animals in cage.D. Relax in the natural environment.17. A. Stories of tracking endangered animals B. Techniques of wild animal trackingC. A program of protecting endangered animals.D. A wild animal protection organizationQuestions 18 through 20 are based on the following conversation.18. A. About twenty pages. B. Within two pages.C. As long as five pages.D. No shorter than ten pages.19. A. They don't tell the truth. B. They make spelling mistakes.C. They don't know the job wellD. They send many resumes at a time.20. A. Practicing computer skills first. B Reading as many advertisements as possibleC. Trying to be more specific.D. Knowing the expectations of the positionⅡ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A Grateful PatientI took a job as a receptionist for a vet（兽医）almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition (21) _______ U wouldn’t have to assist with any wounded animals. I didn’t have the courage (22) _______ (watch) any creature in pain.At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day (23) _______ a young man ran up to us holding a severely injured Doberman puppy（杜宾幼犬）in his arms and begging us to save his life. The four-month-old puppy had been hit by a car.The doctor and I ran back into the operating room. The only place (24) _______ the skin was still attached to his poor little body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like hours, (25) _______ (sew) him back together again. That was the easy part. The puppy had broken multiple bones, including his back. (26) _______ _______ he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again.The day forever changed my life. I became the vet’s assistant in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy. Weeks went by until one day he finally recovered.Fast - forward about a year. I walked into the clinic’s (27) _______ (crowed) waiting room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a huge Doberman ran toward me. I found (28) _______ pinned against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his back legs, his front paws（爪子）on my shoulders, washing my face with plentiful and joyful kisses!I still tear up in amazement (29) _______ the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago. I went on to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since retirement, I have volunteered at a no-kill animal shelter. In all the time that has passed and all the experiences I have had, I’ve never met a dog who didn’t know that it (30) _______ (rescue) in one way or another.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Marketing the MoonAn astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrong’s first lunar（月球的）footstep is deep-rooted in the minds of all humankind. But that first moon landing might not have been such a(n) __31__ moment if it weren’t for NASA’s clever PR (Public Relations) team.Richard Jurek is a marketing __32__ and co-author of the book marketing the Moon: The Selling of the Apollo Lunar Program. He says NASA’s move to real-time, open communication made the 1969 Apollo 11 landing “the first positive viral event that __33__ the world’s attention.”Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the military’s territory; that secretiveness carried over into the space agency’s early days. At first, NASA followed a “fire in the tail” rule, only ___34___ a rocket’s launch when it was successfully in the air. But as the agency evolved, it started announcing more details about the Apollo program. It ___35___its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges, and shared launch times so people could watch. “If it had been run like it was under the military,” Jurek says, “we would not have had that sense of drama, that sense of involvement, that sense of wonder, that ___36___.” Instead, all the PR and press promotion in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human spaceflight program into people’s living rooms and imaginations.As the drama neared its peak, NASA’s PR officials pushed for live TV broadcasts of the first humans to walk on the moon. Not everyone thought it was a good idea. The technology for live lunar broadcasts, and cameras small enough to keep the cargo ___37___, didn’t exist at the point. Some engineers worried that developing that equipment would ___38___ from efforts to achieve the landing itself. But NASA’s communications team argued that telling the story was as vital as the ___39___ itself. Live TV would bring the American people --and international viewers --along for the ride.Come landing day, which ___40___ fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people worldwide crowded around TVs and radios for the historic moment. “We were able to come together and do something that was exciting and interesting and brought the world together,” says David Meer-man Scott, marketing strategist and co-author of Marketing the Moon. “I don’t know that we’ve done anything like that since.”Ⅱ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ancient creatures likely evolved the stress response to better escape from hunters. But today its causes include traffic, deadlines and first dates. According to a 2018 American Psychological Association survey of more than 3,000 people, the top ___41___ are work, money, the economy and health.Although everyone faces stress, people react to it ___42___. “There’s the situation, how we ___43___ the situation, and then our skills at handling the situation,” says psychologist William Lovallo of the University of Oklahoma. ____44____ experiences help us assess appropriate responses, so most people improve with age. “A high school student or a college student might not have those ___45___ skills and might let a situation get out of hand,” he adds.Most ___46___have normal stress responses, regulated to give the right burst of hormones（激素）and bodily changes for a particular stressor. But others always over-or under-react, which may be a warning sign for physical or mental ___47___. To study this, scientists often monitor cortisol （皮质醇）or heart rate variations throughout the day and during trying tasks.____48___, the intensity of these responses seems to be set from a young age. Studies have shown that people who experienced childhood hardships -- including physical punishment and a(n) ___49___ home -- are more likely to have quiet stress reactions as adults. For example, as part of a study published in 2012, Lovallo exposed 354 participants to moderate stress. People who self-reported early-life ___50___ actually had lower heart rates and cortisol levels than other participants. While the study tasks were not important, the individuals’ under-reactions suggest their stress response may also have trouble ___51___ when it really matters. It can be just as ___52___ as an extreme response. Other research has found links between childhood conflict, abnormally low adult stress and substance misuse. Though the biology is not fully understood, it’s suggested that early - life neglect or suffering ___53___ the body’s stress pathways.Even before birth, a child can ___54___ parental stress. The phenomenon is well -demonstrated in rats and mice, and some papers have shown the same association ___55___. For example, babies born to mothers who survived the 9/11 attacks all had how cortisol levels.41. A. stressors B. responses C. secretes D. concerns42. A. appropriately B. differently C. normally D. mentally43. A. improve B. influence C. describe D. evaluate44. A. Valuable B. Professional C. Previous D. Constant45. A. coping B. living C. learning D. acting46. A. adults B. researchers C. students D. monitors47. A. functions B. disorders C. variations D. abilities48. A. By the way B. In some cases C. On the contrary D. As a result49. A. independent B. distinguished C. unstable D. extended50. A. education B. experience C. involvement D. difficulty51. A. racing up B. showing up C. taking up D. keeping up52. A. impressive B. insignificant C. positive D. unhealthy53. A. smooths B. follows C. dulls D. destroys54. A. endure B. relieve C. increase D. inherit55. A. between animals B. in humans C. with society D. of importanceSection BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I live in a second - floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner of the house. House and tree have been here, side by side, for well over a century. No one really knows how old the tree is, but it was already there when builders started on the house at the beginning of the 1900s.It was still rather young and flexible back then, so it easily welcomed the new structure into its path. it bent and adjusted itself to make room, and to find the space to grow big and strong and wise. Which means that some hundred years later, the solid, strong branches of the tree reach around two full sides of my home. It’s covered in mass（苔藓）, which is, in turn, crawling with all sorts of inseets. I have never seen the insects, by the way, I just know that they’re there because ofall the birds trying to pick them out. They are always hopping around, looking for this and that and singing songs.I feel like I have become part of the ecosystem. When I’m eating breakfast or making dinner in the kitchen, I can look out and see a bird hopping around skillfully, gathering its own meal while I tend to mine. When I’m sitting in the living room, reading or drinking tea, I can suddenly find myself face to face with another bird. We’ll be staring at each other and, after some time, decide we can both carry on with our business. Living side by side. Even as I write this -- the large windows open to a lovely, soft evening --a white feather comes floating down by my side. Probably from one of the resident pigeons.As I don’t have the luxury of a garden, this tree makes me fell connected to the outdoors. Such an ancient tree, a tree that is itself home to many other creatures -- that feels different. It is as if it has adopted me and made me a part of its world, without ever asking for something in return. But if needs be, I know that it can count on me and I will protect it with all my strength.56. The flat that author lives in is _________.A. built in an ancient treeB. hugged by a giant treeC. decorated with branchesD. surrounded by a garden57. In the author’s description, she implies that _________.A. birds keep her warm companyB. she has been living on tree productsC. moss makes her flat nice and coolD. she has been bothered by the insects58. What does the author really treasure?A. A close - to - nature life.B. A luxurious garden.C. A spacious house.D. A sociable neighbor.59. Which of the following can be used to express the author’s feeling?A. Jealous.B. Inferior.C. Content.D. Passionate.(B)60. By “how they stacked up” in paragraph 1, the author probably means “how they _________.”A. make sense to manufacturersB. get stuck in storesC. are compared with each otherD. are piled up together.61. Which of the following devices favourably reacts to users?A. Dream-pad pillowB. Eight sleep trackerC. Smart Nora Wireless Snoring SolutionD. Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature.B. The Nightingale is an economical but perfect device.C. Soft music is applied to all these four devices.D. One in three people suffer from sleep problem.(C)An epidemic is the occurrence of a disease which affects a very large number of people living in an area and which spreads quickly to other people. Like infectious diseases, ideas in the academic world are spreadable. But way some travel far and wide while equally good ones remain in relative insignificance has been a mystery. Now a team of computer scientists has used an epidemiological model to imitate how ideas move from one academic institution to another. The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions caused bigger “epidemics” than equally good ideas from less well-known places, explains Allison Morgan, a computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and lead author of the new study. “This implies that where an idea is born shapes how far it spreads, holding the quality of the idea constant.” says senior author Aaron Clauset, also at Boulder.Not only is this unfair -- “it reveals a big weakness in how we’re doing science,” says Simon DeDeo, a professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not involved in the study. There are many highly trained people with good ideas who do not end up at top institutions. “They are producing good ideas, and we know those ideas are getting lost,” DeDeo says. “Our science, our scholarship, is not as good because of this.”The Colorado researchers analyzed an existing data set of computer science department hires in North America, as well as a database of publications by these hires. First they looked at how five big ideas in computer science spread to new institutions. They found that hiring a new member accounted for this movement a little more than a third of the time -- and in 81 percent of those cases, transfers took place from higher- to lower-status universities. Then the team imitatedthe broadcasting of ideas using an infectious disease model and found that the size of an idea “epidemic” (as measured by the number of institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating institution. The findings were published online last October in EPJ Data Science.The researchers’ model suggests that there “may be a number of quite good ideas that originate in the middle of the pack, in terms of universities,” Clauset says. DeDeo agrees. There is a lot of good work coming out of less famous places, he says: “You can learn a huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people don’t know because they’re not even paying attention.”63. The word “this” in paragraph 2 refers to the fact that _________.A. the time when good ideas were born decides how far they may spread.B. the quality of the original ideas tends to be not easy to maintain.C. good ideas from less important institutions lack influence.D. scholars in insignificant institutions consider their ideas valueless.64. The case of some hires in paragraph 3 is used to indicate _________.A. the statistics the epidemological model provides for the researchers.B. why the originating institutions transfer their new findings.C. how they carry the ideas from lower - to higher - status institutions.D. the way the movements of some new ideas happen and their effects.65. Researchers such as Clauset are very much concerned about _________.A. losing quite a number of great and creative thoughts.B. missing the opportunities of getting more well-known.C. misusing the epidemiological model in scientific research areas.D. having difficulty in finding more proper science department hires.66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Infectious DiseasesB. Original IdeasC. Idea EpidemicD. Epidemiological ModelSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.The Fullness of TimeMost of us think we have very little time, but the truth is we actually have a lot -on average, five hours 49 minutes each day, which means we typically have somewhere between 36 and 40 hours available to be spent every week however we want. So why don’t we feel time - rich? ______67______One is that we earn more, so time feels more expensive. Then there’s the way we’ve come to see busyness as a status symbol: important people are busy, so we want to be busy, too. Add to that the flood of incoming emails and texts, along with the endless ocean of possibilities, and it’s easy to see where time goes.A second factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others are doing, making us anxious. _____68______ This fools us into thinking we’re being more productive with our work time, so we try to do it with our leisure time, too. When we’re playing with out kids, we check Facebook. When we’re hanging out with one group of friends, we post pictures to show another. This is something sociologists call ‘polluted time’.We’re also addicted to our devices. In 2007, the amount of leisure time we spent on devices like smart-phones could be measured in minutes. Now, we spend on average 3.5 hours a day online. _____69_____You might be wondering why you need help deciding how to spend your free time -- after all you know the sort of things you enjoy, so what could be so difficult? Psychologist MihalyCsikszentmihalyi has a surprising opinion on it. “The popular assumption is that no skills are involved in enjoying free time, anybody can do it. Yet the evidence suggests the opposite; free time is more difficult to enjoy than work.” Worryingly, scientists have found that people are often no happier after a holiday than if they’d never taken one. _____70_____ The question still remains unsettled.Ⅱ. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Cryptocurrency（加密货币）Making payments online is very easy these days if you have a credit card or a bank card that used a payment network. Sending money online to a friend, you have to use a payment service like Google Pay or PayPal, or make a bank transfer. However, there is usually a significant delay before the receiver can use the money, and transfers can have sizeable fees.In 2008, a group of people published a paper describing a process that would use crypto-graph （密码学）to create a secure electronic cash system, known as a cryptocurrency. Person - to -person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial organization. Each transaction could happen very quickly. The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to confirm those transactions safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.Today, there are over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be valid global payment systems like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry. One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of false cryptocurrencies advertised on the Internet. The advertisements invite Internet users to visit websites offering new cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along with the victims’ money. In response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.Ⅱ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 我真的应该为自己失礼的行为向你道歉。
2020届上海市长宁中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案解析
2020届上海市长宁中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AEver wonder why there are so many people polluting the earth? Ever say to yourself：Hey, I wish that I could do more to help the environment? Have you ever thought about trying to help the earth but never really did it? Well, here are some pretty easyand skillful ideas for that green - earth desire inside you.●Turn off your computer. By leaving it on all day you are creating more CO2than a regular passenger would, driving to and from work in one day.● Ride your bike or carpool (合用汽车).Obviously, youare creating less CO2which will help the ozone(臭氧).● Make a garden. Even simply grow some plants in your kitchen, which will help produce more oxygen while eating up some of that evil CO2.● Buy local groceries. It creates less impact on the environment. Besides, you're supporting your local farmers.● Recycle. You had to see this coming. But you have no idea how much you are helping the environment by simply reusing a water bottle instead of buying a huge pack at the store.● Don't run the water while brushing. It saves you money and helps the water resources.● Open the curtains. Natural light is much prettier and it will keep the energy usage down.● Rechargeable batteries. You have no idea how much it takes to get rid of batteries. Do yourself a favor. Save some money and some energy.1. If you don't want to create more CO2, you may_______.A. turn off your computer or open the curtainsB. turn off your computer or ride your bike or carpoolC. make a garden or open the curtainsD. use rechargeable batteries or make a garden2. Which of the following can best describe the function of the first paragraph?A. Main body.B. Argument.C. Lead - in.D. Conclusion.3. The main idea of the passage is about________.A. the importance of environmental protectionB. some ways about how to prevent pollutionC. some suggestions about how to save energyD. some suggestions about environmental protectionBContrary to the long-held belief that plants in the natural world are always in competition, new research has found that in severe environments adult plants help smaller ones and grow well as a result.The research, led by Dr Rocio, studied adult and seedling (幼苗)plants in the ecological desert in the south-east of Spain. Dr Rocio said, “If you're a seedling in a poor land — the top of a mountain or a sand hill, for example-and you’re lucky enough to end up underneath a big plant, your chances of survival are certainly better than if you landed somewhere on your own. What we have found, which was surprising, is an established large plant, called a ‘nurse’, protects a seedling; it also produces more flowers than the same plants of similar large size growing on their own.”Other benefits of nurse-seedling partnerships include that more variety of plants growing together can have a positive effect on the environment. For example, vegetation areas with nurse plants with more flowers might be able to attract higher numbers of pollinators(传粉者)in an area, in turn supporting insect and soil life and even provide a greater range of different fruit types for birds and other animals.“The biggest winner for this system of nursing a plant is biodiversity(生物多样性),” Dr Rocio said. “The more biodiversean area, the greater number of species of plants, insect life, mammals and birds, and the better the chances of long-term healthy functioning of the environment and ecosystems. ” This system is win-win for adult and seedling plants in unfavorable environments.The research is of value to those who manage and protect plants in tough environments. Most home gardeners and farmers plan to ensure their soil and conditions are the best they can be for plant growth, but the findings might be of value to those who garden in bare places.4. What is a common understanding of plants?A. They can help each other.B. They can survive ill conditions.C. They compete with each other.D. They grow well on their own.5. What will happen to seedling plants if they grow under adult plants?A. They will produce more flowers.B. They will die owing to competition.C. They will make adult plants larger.D. They will get support from adult plants.6. What is the effect of the nurse-seedling partnership?A. It leads to unfavorable environments.B. It produces long-term healthy chances.C. It attracts higher and larger pollinators.D It provides a more variety of plant types.7. Who will benefit from the new research?A. People studying organic farming.B. People protecting plants on sand hills.C. People wanting to change biodiversity.D. People keeping more animals on the farm.C36-year-old Juan Dual likes to joke that he’s empty inside. Juan’s story began when he was only 13. It was then that he was diagnosed with a terrible disease, which left him with a 99.8% chance of developing cancer of the digestive system. At age 19, right after finishing high-school, Juan underwent a tough operation to take away his colon and rectum. Sadly, it was only the beginning. By age 28, Juan’s disease had affected his stomach and gallbladder so he had to go under the knife again.Having just recovered from several serious surgeries, Juan Dual decided to accept the invitation of some friends of his parents and travel to Japan. It was there that things started to change for the better. He didn’t speak a word of Japanese, so he spent most of his time walking his dog. One day, the dog pulled harder, and Juan realized that he was still able to jog, and he started to do just that.Months later, he found himself working in a small, peaceful town in England. There was little in terms of entertainment, but the town was surrounded by hills, so he devoted even more of his time to running. He befriended some like-minded folks and told them what he’d been through, and they seemed amazed at the fact that he was still alive, let alone that he was pushing himself to exercise. That’s when the idea of focusing on motivating others took root in his mind.With the help of Pepa, a nutritionist, Juan Dual slowly relearned how to eat to keep his energy level high enough to sustain him during physical activity. Eight months after his last operation, he finished the Barcelona half marathon in two hours. He then started training for mountain running and ultra-marathons.8. Why does Juan Dual say he is empty inside?A. Because he has no desire for anything.B. Because he doesn’t have much knowledge.C. Because he always suffers from great hunger.D. Because many of his organs have been removed.9. What made Juan Dual aware that he could still run?A. His parents’ support.B. A walk with his dog.C. The idea of challenging himself.D. His quick recovery from surgeries.10. When did Juan Dual decide to inspire others with his story?A. After finishing the Barcelona half marathon.B After being introduced to a nutritionist named Pepa.C. After sharing it with his friends in an English town.D. After making friends with people with similar sufferings.11. Which of the following words can best describe Juan Dual?A. Ambitious and intelligent.B. Inspiring and responsible.C. Unfortunate but determined.D. Confident but stubborn.DNaomi Cooke was walking with a friend and their dogs through her local park in Burnside, on Tuesday when she heard someone shout to watch out. Cooke turned and hardly had time to react before a flying disc hit her in the face with a "big bang”, leaving her right cheek swollen almost to the size of a golfball.Two men playing disc golf at the course in Jellie Park were about 20 metres fromthe pairwhen one of them threw the disc hard, aiming for a nearby goal.After being hit Cooke immediately went to the emergency department, where two CT scans on her face and cheek found she had escaped any broken bones. "I'm lucky it didn't hit my eye because I think I would have lost it." Cooke said.Cooke often walks her dog at the park and said it was always busy with people playing disc golf, but it was not until after Tuesday that she became concerned about public safety there.There were no signs about the disc golf course in the park, she said, and the area is shared with children and people walking their dogs.“If it had hit one of the kids in the head, it could have killed them.” Cooke did not think she was the only person who had been hit before, and said there would be others who share her concerns.Cooke planned to go to the council, saying it needed to realise how dangerous it was for the space to be shared by everyone and to provide disc golfers with a space where they can play safely. "There should be rulesabout how it's done, making it safe for everyone.”12. What happened to Cooke on Tuesday?A. She was struck by a golf ball.B. She was hit by a flying disc.C. She was beaten by two men.D. She was frightened by a mad dog.13. What do the underlined words "the pair" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Cooke and her friend.B. Cooke and her dog.C. The two disc golfers.D. The two CT scans.14. How did Cooke feel about people playing disc golf in the park?A. Acceptable.B. Shocked.C. Angry.D. Worried.15. Why did Cooke plan to go to the council?A. To get the two men in trouble.B. To call for a ban on disc golf.C. To ask for personal protection.D. To call for safer places for disc golf.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷(解析版)
2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（1分）A．200．B．300．C．400．D．600．2．（1分）A．At a bus stop．B．At home．C．At the airport．D．At a supermarket．3．（1分）A．Manager and employee．B．Teacher and student．C．Husband and wife．D．Brother and sister．4．（1分）A．He went to a picture show．B．He painted some pictures．C．He watched a football match on TV．D．He went out to play football．5．（1分）A．The mouse．B．The price．C．The monitor．D．The keyboard．6．（1分）A．The man shouldn't be so anxious．B．She's already an hour late．C．The man shouldn't wait to be interviewed．D．She's too nervous to calm down．7．（1分）A．It is his favorite book．B．It is not worth reading．C．It is not the one he likes．D．It is better than he expected．8．（1分）A．Business is not necessarily good at the turn of the year．B．Business is always good at the end of the year．C．Businessmen are the busiest people at the end of the year．D．There will be many cases at the end of the year．9．（1分）A．She didn't like it at all．B．She thought it was very easy．C．She thought it was too hard for her to follow．D．She thought the instructor was very good．10．（1分）A．They will make a phone call to Dr．Smith tomorrow．B．They can put down the clock because it is always slow．C．Dr．Smith was late for the call．D．They can call on Dr．Smith tomorrow．Section BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5分）（1）A．The impact of painful memories．B．New research on a pill and the argument about it．C．A way of wiping out painful memories．D．A proper method for changing memories．（2）A．It can cause the brain to fix memories．B．It can stop people remembering bad experiences．C．It can prevent the body producing certain chemicals．D．It can wipe out the emotional effects of memories．（3）A．Experts are not sure about the effects of the pill．B．The pill will certainly stop people's emotional memories．C．Taking the pill will do harm to people's physical health．D．The pill has already been produced and used by the American public．12．（4.5分）（1）A．Wearing high heels can improve women's balance．B．Wearing high heels exposes women to strains．C．Wearing high heels can result in back pain．D．Wearing high heels can lead to unhealthy walking patterns．（2）A．They should choose proper heels．B．They should exercise their ankle muscles properly．C．They should measure the strength of their ankles frequently．D．They should give up the habit of wearing high heels．（3）A．Because they thought it was fashionable．B．Because it was a symbol of status．C．Because it could help them to shoot their bow and arrow more effectively．D．Because it was required by European emperors．13．（6分）（1）A．Believing in themselves．B．Writing a book．C．Challenging their life．D．Asking for help．（2）A．She makes children's programs．B．She gets involved in legal decisions．C．She simplifies a judge's job．D．She explains the function of the law in simple words．（3）A．Sharing things with others．B．Solving problems．C．Talking with others．D．Having her opinions heard．（4）A． A judge's reflection on her job and life．B．The success of a children's program．C．The importance of law in daily life．D．The problems people meet in court．Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（10分）However depressed you may be feeling now，if you look back，there certainly will have been events that made you happy﹣maybe the time （1）you bought your first bicycle or you were awarded a scholarship．When good things happen，we feel excited，proud and happy．But the problem is，happiness doesn't usually last．The excitement of that first bicycle purchase wears off，and the pride in the scholarship gives way to the stress of performing （2）（well）on the next exam．Psychologists call this phenomenon hedonic adaptation （享乐适应症）﹣that is，（3）good something makes us feel，most of the time we drift back to （4）we started．An often （5）（quote）example is that lottery winners are no happier than non﹣winners eighteen months after their win．But don't despair．It is possible to make happiness last．Psychologists have found two anti﹣adaptation tools that are effective in sustaining happiness：variety and appreciation．Variety is，as we all know，the spice of life．But it's also a useful weapon （6）adaptation．Positive changes that （7）（experience）in a variety of ways are more likely to lead to lasting happiness．For example，you will feel happier about your volunteer work （8）you are able to cope with new tasks every week．The second tool，appreciation，is in many ways the opposite of adaptation．It's about focusing on something，instead of letting it fade into the background．It is only when you appreciate something （9）an enduring feeling of happiness will follow．Human beings spend a lot of time figuring out what makes them happy，but not enough time （10）（try）to hang on to the happiness they already have．This is like focusing all your energy on making more money，without giving any thought to what you will do with the money．The key to happiness is to not only look for new opportunities but also to makethe most of the ones you've been given．Section BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（10分）Want to figure out if someone is a psychopath （精神变态者）？Ask them what their favourite song is．A New York University study last year found that people who loved Eminem's Lose Yourself and Justin Bieber's What Do You Mean？were more likely to （1）highly on the psychopathy scale than people who were into Dire Straits．Over the past few years，Spotify has been enhancing its data analytic （2）in an attempt to help marketers （3）consumers with adverts tailored to the mood they're in．They infer this from the sort of music you're listening to，（4）with where and when you're listening to it，along with third﹣party data that might be available．Now，to be clear，there's nothing particularly （5）about what Spotify is doing with your data．I certainly don't think that they are working with shadowy consulting firms to serve you ads promoting a culture war while you're listening to the songs that （6）you might be in a casually racist mood．Nevertheless，I find it （7）that our personal private moments with music are increasingly being turned into data points and sold to advertisers．You can see where this could go，can't you？As ad targeting gets ever more complicated，marketers will have the ability to target our emotions in （8）exploitative ways．According to one study，titled Misery Is Not Miserly，you are more likely to spend more on a （9）if you're feeling sad．You can imagine some companies might take advantage of that．And on that note，I'm feeling a little down about all this．I'll （10）off to treat myself to something expensive．Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word orphrase that best fits the context.16．（15分）The constant working engine that drives the majority of human action is，undoubtedly，the fragrant dream of individualism．And while the presence of its scent is （1）throughout the world entirely，its value is worshipped （敬奉）to such an extent in a land no other than that of America．As the framework of its history，America holds individuality as the ever﹣popular green light，the essence of which becomes the symbol of hope for，well，almost everything．In fact，in America's current social status，individuality has become something of a birthright，and a （2）applied upon the face of the media，where it was （3）valued as the American dream．There is no denying the popularity of this idol in American society，and little hope for （4）it．However，（5）most pride themselves in their individualistic state，perhaps humans，when stripped （剥）to their core （核心），are everything but．It is no new discovery that people are the sum of their experiences．The overwhelming majority of human experiences involve other humans，along with the （6）and relationships between them．It is a （7）occurrence when a life is built upon events without this stimulus．Indeed，interaction is the core of experience．Therefore，in order that humans are the sum of their experiences，they must be the sum of the people that they meet，just as well．As an Americanized teen，I found the discovery that not only my self﹣entitled individualism was （8），but that I，as a being，was a product，increasingly unsettling to accept．Questions （9）me such as "If I am bits and pieces of everyoneI have met ﹣my family，my teachers，all of my friends，and even strangers ﹣then whatis left that is just me？What part of me is just me？How much of myself is the combining of different parts of different people？Is such a （10）between myself and others even possible？"Such are inquiries that will continue to be thought about，as I have come to accept that they will remain a （11）．Therefore，with the allowance of these questions，the response must be a （12）in the definition of "oneself"．The previously mentioned questions no longer concern me，as I have put a stop to the idea that the "real" me is some lostisolated island on top of an ocean of influence．I realized that my personality cannot depend on a（n）（13）between influenceand individualism，as such is a line that cannot be distinct．（14），I must be a person whose calmness is a beautifully hazy mixture，and a steady question．Thus，it is the commonly unnoticed durable mystery that is the frustration of those who can （15）the lie of individualism．Hopefully，they will come into acceptance．（1）A．unpredictable B．untrustworthy C．unreliable D．undeniable（2）A．necessity B．characteristic C．mark D．model（3）A．later B．previously C．extremely D．publicly（4）A．destroying B．appreciating C．chasing D．escaping（5）A．though B．if C．since D．as（6）A．conflict B．tension C．interaction D．cooperation （7）A．common B．rare C．frequent D．strange（8）A．right B．justified C．unclear D．false（9）A．affected B．interrupted C．bothered D．surprised（10）A．separation B．combination C．contrast D．communication （11）A．secret B．mystery C．truth D．fantasy（12）A．gap B．belief C．factor D．change（13）A．distinction B．connection C．exchange D．medium（14）A．Therefore B．However C．Instead D．Furthermore （15）A．break up B．make up C．cope with D．see through Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（8分）Charity Cycling UK recently launched a campaign to raise awareness of dooring after discovering that many people don't know what it is．Dooring is when a driver orpassenger opens the door into another road user﹣typically cyclist﹣without looking for other road users．Cycling UK chief executive Paul Tuohy told Gloucestershire Live："Some people seem to see car dooring as a bit of a joke，but it's not and can have serious consequences．Cycling UK wants to see great awareness made about the dangers of opening your car door carelessly，and people to be encouraged to look before they open．"The charity says 2，009 of the 3，000 injuries were sustained by cyclists，resulting in five fatalities but says this might not be the full extent of the danger．Cycling UK says not all car dooring incidents will be attended by police，so the charity has written to transport minister Jesse Norman calling for a public awareness campaign urging all car occupants，not just drivers，to look before opening vehicle doors．One of the ways the charity suggests is the "Dutch reach"，where people leaving a vehicle reach over and use the non﹣door side hand to open the door．Cycling UK also suggests harsher laws and advice on safer road positioning for people who cycle．Mr．Tuohy said："In the Netherlands they are known for practicing a method，known sometimes as the ‘Dutch reach'，which we think could be successfully encouraged in the UK．""Cycling UK has written to the Department for Transport asking them to look into this，and highlight the dangers of ‘car dooring' through a public awareness THINK style campaign．"If you're really concerned about opening a door into the path of a cyclist coming behind you，consider using what's known as the "Dutch reach" to open the door．That will naturally turn you in your seat and give you a much better view of what's coming up alongside in the car．（1）Why does the author mention the figures in Paragraph 3？A．To cause public concern．B．To report the terrible accidents．C．To show the danger of car dooring．D．To stress the importance of traffic safety．（2）While doing the "Dutch reach"，you should．A．sit still in your seatB．open the car door politelyC．use the inside hand to open the doorD．use the left hand to open the car door（3）What can be learned from the text？A．Many people are ignorant of car dooring．B．The "Dutch reach" is well received in England．C．Dooring incidents are all attended by police．D．Drivers are to blame for dooring incidents．（4）What's the author's attitude towards car dooring？A．Negative．B．Ridiculous．C．Neutral．D．Concerned18．（6分）Confucius InstituteThe Confucius Institute at the University of Minnesota offers several short classes on Chinese language and culture．★Class FeesThe cost of classes is 225（170 for Chinese Rehab）★Class CalendarThe Confucius Institute follows the University of Minnesota semester schedule．The Confucius Institute classes start a few weeks after the start of the University semester and last for ten class sessions．Classes are not held on University holidays．The upcoming class sessions will be：Spring 2018：February 1﹣April 7Summer 2018：June 13﹣August 25Tentative class calendar：The schedule may change due to teacher availability．★Class CancellationsAny class not meeting minimum enrollment by four business days before the class start date will be cancelled and you will be contacted．If we must cancel a class due to insufficient enrollment or any other circumstance beyond our control，we will offer a full refund or issue credit towards another class．★Contact InformationThe Confucius Institute is located within the University International Center on the east bank of the Twin Cities campus．The University International Center is located in the Keeler Apartment building．Enter at the corner of 17th Avenue S．E．and 4th Street through the doors located near the "University International Center" sign．Office hoursThe office is generally open Monday through Friday，from 8：00 a．m．until 4：30 p．m．The office is closed daily from12：00 noon until 1：00 p．m．and is closed on allUniversity holidays．Office Address160 University International Center，331﹣17th Ave．S．E．，Minneapolis，MN 55414 Phone：612625﹣5080Fax：612﹣625﹣5158Email：confucius（@ umn．edu（1）Chinese Rehab．A．costs more moneyB．is held on MondayC．lasts one and a half hoursD．has four classes a week（2）To get information about the classes，you can visit the office．A．on Monday noonB．at 12：30 a．m．，TuesdayC．on Wednesday eveningD．at 1：30 p．m．，Friday（3）What is True about the classes？A．The schedule may be changeable．B．They can be one﹣to﹣one instruction．C．They are held on University holidays．D．They start at the beginning of the University semester．19．（8分）Parallel worlds exist and interact with our world，say physicists．Quantum mechanics （量子力学），though firmly tested，is so weird and anti﹣intuitive that physicist Richard Feynman once remarked，"I think I can safely say nobody understandsquantum mechanics．" Attempts to explain some of the bizarre （奇异的）consequences of quantum theory have led to some mind﹣bending ideas，such as the Copenhagen interpretation and the many﹣worlds interpretation．Now there's a new theory on the block，called the "many interacting worlds" hypothesis （假设）（MIW），and the idea is just as profound as it sounds．The theory suggests not only parallel worlds exist，but that they interact with our world on the quantum level and are thus detectable．Though still speculative （推测的），the theory may help to finally explain some of the bizarre consequences inherent in quantum mechanics．The theory is a spinoff of the many﹣worlds interpretation in quantum mechanics﹣an assumption that all possible alternative histories and futures are real，each representing an actual，though parallel，world．One problem with the many﹣worlds interpretation，however，has been that it is fundamentally untestable，since observations can only be made in our world．Happenings in these proposed "parallel" worlds can thus only be imagined．MIW，however，says otherwise．It suggests that parallel worlds can interact on the quantum level，and in fact that they do．"The idea of parallel universes in quantum mechanics has been around since 1957，" explained Howard Wiseman，a physicist at Griffith University in Brisbane，Australia，and one of the physicists to come up with MIW．"In the well﹣known ‘Many﹣Worlds Interpretation'，each universe branches into a bunch of new universes every time a quantum measurement is made．All possibilities are therefore realized ﹣in some universes the dinosaur﹣killing asteroid （小行星）missed Earth．In others，Australia was colonized by the Portuguese．""But critics question the reality of these other universes，since they do not influence our universe at all，" he added．"On this score，our ‘Many Interacting Worlds' approach is completely different，as its name implies．"Wiseman and colleagues have proposed that there exists "a universal force of repulsion between ‘nearby'（i．e．similar）worlds，which tends to make them more dissimilar．" Quantum effects can be explained by factoring in this force，they propose．When asked about whether their theory might imply that humans could someday interact with other worlds，Wiseman said："It's not part of our theory．But the idea of humaninteractions with other universes is no longer pure fantasy．"What might your life look like if you made different choices？Maybe one day you'll be able to look into one of these alternative worlds and find out．（1）According to Paragraph 1﹣2，which of the following statements is true about quantum mechanics？A．It's been tested that no one in the world knows what quantum mechanics is．B．The theory of quantum mechanics is intuition（直觉）based．C．Quantum theories should be interpreted in many different ways．D．Quantum mechanics is valid and based on profound research．（2）According to paragraph 3﹣5，the new theory "MIW" differs from the previous one in that．A．MIW develops from quantum mechanicsB．MIW suggests the interaction can be detectedC．The previous one is based on profound foundationD．The previous one proves that MIW is imagined（3）According to the passage，critics of parallel universes and its supporters mainly disagrees in．A．the origin of these parallel universesB．the foundation of these universesC．the reality of these other universesD．the ways of how these parallel universes interact（4）The last sentence of the last paragraph implies that．A．someday humans may live in different universes in one lifetimeB．humans may make different choices simultaneously （同时地）and live in different universesC．humans may live again from the beginning if they regret their life in this universeD．life would be more unexpected，but all you expect may be true in other universes Section CDirections：Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two moresentences than you need.20．（8分）Shanghai Hengyuanxiang Drama Development Company and Netherlander Worldwide Entertainment signed a deal last November that would see Shimmer （《犹太人在上海》）become the first Chinese musical to have an open﹣ended run on Broadway in 2019．（1）Directed by Xu Jun，Shimmer is a musical in both English and Chinese．Shimmer，which tells a story about Jews who fled to Shanghai to escape Nazi persecution （迫害）during World War II，was first shown at the Shanghai Culture Square in 2015．（2）The musical's scheduled open﹣ended run in 2019 will be one of the events to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States．With this play being shown on Broadway，the ties between Chinese people and Americans will be firmly strengthened．And through this drama，the audience can feel the charm of Chinese culture．（3）To deal with the problem，many production companies in Shanghai have pointed out that they should keep striving for improvement by creating more Chinese musicals and by creating more audiences．Currently，those who watch Western musicals in China are limited to a small group ﹣people who have received a university education or have had overseas working experiences，white﹣collar and even gold﹣collar workers．There are onlya handful of people who understand foreign languages and you have to find a way to motivatethe public and get them into the theater．（4）There has been a handful of successful musical stories in Shanghai．The Chinese editions of Broadway musicals Cats and Mamma Mia，both of which had hundreds of shows across China，are among the top box office hits．Summary Writing21．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．Gossip"Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday？" Lindsey whispers to Tori．With her eyes shining，Tori brags，"You bet I did，Sean told me two days ago．"Lindsey and Tori aren't very different from most students here at Linton High School，including me．Many of our conversations are gossip and I have noticed the effects of gossip．An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about．Usually，gossip spreads information about a topic﹣breakups，trouble at home﹣thata person would rather keep secret．The more embarrassing the secret is，the juicier the gossipit makes．Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie．People often think of gossipers as harmless，but cruel lies can cause pain．If we know that gossip can be harmful，then why do so many of us do it？The answer lies in another effect of gossip：the satisfaction it gives us．Sharing the latest rumor can makea person feel important because he or she knows something that others don't．Similarly，hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the "in group"．In other words，gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority．Gossip also can have a third effect：it strengthens unwritten rules about how people should act．Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group．For instance，if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said，then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention．The do's and don'ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook．The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation．The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news，think about why you want to gossip and what effects your "juicy story"might have．TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.22．（3分）新来的员工经验不足，在解决顾客投诉时遇到了麻烦．（have trouble）23．（3分）医生向病人保证，只要他按时服药就没有大碍．（assure）24．（4分）尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他同事推荐的那个课程．（despite）25．（5分）直到妻子与他离了婚，他才意识到他应该多抽一些时间陪伴家人，而不是一心只有工作．（until）Guided Writing26．（20分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．目前中国的移动支付（mobile payment）非常盛行，越来越多的年轻人选择使用移动支付，有的人认为移动支付给人们带来了便利，而有些人认为这种方式存在安全隐患．请你谈谈对这一现象的看法．内容包括：1．简要描述你或你身边的人在日常生活中使用移动支付的现象．2．通过与传统方式的比较，谈谈移动支付给人们带来的利与弊．（参考词汇：微信Wechat；支付宝：Alipay；二维码QR code）2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections：In Section A，you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation，a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper，and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．【解答】C2．【解答】C3．【解答】B4．【解答】C5．【解答】B6．【解答】D7．【解答】C8．【解答】A9．【解答】B10．【解答】ASection BDirections：In Section B，you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation，and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice，but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question，read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．【解答】BCA12．【解答】ABC13．【解答】DDAAGrammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．【解答】1．when．考查连词，该句是when引导的定语从句，先行词是time，在定语从句中做时间状语，故填关系副词when．2．better．考查比较级，下次考试表现更好，表示比较，故填better．3．no matter how．考查让步状语从句，不论某事让我们感觉多么好，故填no matter how．4．where．考查连词，where引导的地点状语从句，回到开始的地方，故填where．5．quoted．考查非谓语，quote与example是动宾关系，故填过去分词做定语，故填quoted．6．against．考查介词，a weapon against：对抗某物的武器，故填against．7．are experienced．考查语态，that引导的定语从句，先行词是changes，故从句谓语动词使用复数形式，被经历，故填are experienced．8．if．考查连词，如果你能够处理，if引导条件状语从句，故填if．9．that．考查连词，it is…that的强调句，强调中间的内容，故填that．10．trying．考查spend time doing sth：花费时间做某事，故填trying．Section BDirections：Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．【解答】I H F A K G D J E C1．I．句意理解题．根据句意可知，纽约大学（New York University）去年的一项研究发现，喜欢艾米纳姆（Eminem）的《迷失自我》（Lose Yourself）和贾斯汀•比伯（Justin Bieber）的《你是什么意思？》在精神变态量表上得分高的人比陷入困境的人要高．故选I．2．H．句意理解题．根据句意可知，在过去几年里，Spotify一直在努力提高其数据分析能力．故选H．3．F．句意理解题．根据句意可知，过去几年来，Spotify一直在增强其数据分析能力，试图帮助营销人员根据消费者的情绪定制广告，以锁定消费者．故选F．4．A．句意理解题．根据句意可知，他们从你正在听的音乐类型，以及你在哪里、什么时候听音乐，以及第三方可能提供的数据中推断出这一点．故选A．5．K．句意理解题．根据句意可知，现在，需要明确的是，Spotify对你的数据的处理并没有什么特别棘手的地方．故选K．6．G．句意理解题．根据" I certainly don't think that they are working with shadowy consulting firms to serve you ads promoting a culture war "可知，我当然不认为他们是在与影子咨询公司合作，为你播放宣传文化战争的广告，而你却在听那些暗示你可能处于偶然的种族主。
2019年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷
2019 年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections ： In Section A ， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation ， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it ， read the four possible answers on your paper ， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（ 1 分） A ． 200．B ． 300．C． 400．D ． 600．2．（ 1 分） A ． At a bus stop．B ． At home ．C． At the airport ．D ． At a supermarket ．3．（ 1 分） A ． Manager and employee．B ． Teacher and student．C． Husband and wife ．D ． Brother and sister ．4．（ 1 分） A ． He went to a picture show ．B ． He painted some pictures ．C． He watched a football match on TV ．D ． He went out to play football ．5．（ 1 分） A ． The mouse．B ． The price ．C． The monitor ．D ． The keyboard ．6．（ 1 分） A ． The man shouldn't be so anxious．B ． She's already an hour late．C． The man shouldn't wait to be interviewed ．D ． She's too nervous to calm down ．7．（ 1 分） A ． It is his favorite book ．B ． It is not worth reading ．C． It is not the one he likes ．D ． It is better than he expected ．8．（ 1 分） A ． Business is not necessarily good at the turn of the year ．B ． Business is always good at the end of the year ．C． Businessmen are the busiest people at the end of the year．D ． There will be many cases at the end of the year ．9．（ 1 分） A ． She didn't like it at all ．B ． She thought it was very easy ．C． She thought it was too hard for her to follow．D ． She thought the instructor was very good ．10．（ 1 分） A ． They will make a phone call to Dr ． Smith tomorrow ．B ． They can put down the clock because it is always slow ．C． Dr ． Smith was late for the call ．D ． They can call on Dr ． Smith tomorrow ．Section BDirections ： In Section B， you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation， and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation and the passages. The conversation and the passages will be read twice ， but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question， read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11．（4.5 分）（1） A ． The impact of painful memories ．B ． New research on a pill and the argument about it ．C． A way of wiping out painful memories．D ． A proper method for changing memories ．（2）A ． It can cause the brain to fix memories ．B ． It can stop people remembering bad experiences ．C． It can prevent the body producing certain chemicals ．（3）A ． Experts are not sure about the effects of the pill ．B ． The pill will certainly stop people's emotional memories．C． Taking the pill will do harm to people's physical health．D ． The pill has already been produced and used by the American public ．12．（ 4.5 分）（ 1） A． Wearing high heels can improve women's balance ．B ． Wearing high heels exposes women to strains ．C． Wearing high heels can result in back pain ．D ． Wearing high heels can lead to unhealthy walking patterns ．（2）A ． They should choose proper heels．B ． They should exercise their ankle muscles properly ．C． They should measure the strength of their ankles frequently ．D ． They should give up the habit of wearing high heels ．（3）A ． Because they thought it was fashionable ．B ． Because it was a symbol of status ．C． Because it could help them to shoot their bow and arrow more effectively．D ． Because it was required by European emperors ．13．（ 6 分）（ 1） A． Believing in themselves ．B ． Writing a book ．C． Challenging their life ．D ． Asking for help ．（2）A ． She makes children's programs．B ． She gets involved in legal decisions ．C． She simplifies a judge's job ．D ． She explains the function of the law in simple words．（3）A ． Sharing things with others ．B ． Solving problems ．C． Talking with others ．D ． Having her opinions heard ．（ 4）A ． A judge's reflection on her job and life ．C． The importance of law in daily life．D ． The problems people meet in court ．Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections ： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（ 10 分）However depressed you may be feeling now ， if you look back ， there certainly will have been events that made you happy﹣ maybe the time （ 1）you bought your first bicycle or you were awarded a scholarship．When good things happen，we feel excited，proud and happy．But the problem is ， happiness doesn't usually last． The excitement of that first bicycle purchase wears off， and the pride in the scholarship gives way to the stress of performing （ 2）（well ） on the next exam．Psychologists call this phenomenon hedonic adaptation （享乐适应症）﹣ that is，（3）good something makes us feel ， most of the time we drift back to （ 4）we started． An often （ 5）（quote）example is that lottery winners are no happier than non﹣ winners eighteen months after their win ．But don't despair ． It is possible to make happiness last ． Psychologists have found two anti ﹣adaptation tools that are effective in sustaining happiness ： variety and appreciation ．Variety is ， as we all know ， the spice of life ． But it's also a useful weapon（6）adaptation． Positive changes that （ 7）（experience）in a variety of ways are more likely to lead to lasting happiness ． For example ， you will feel happier about your volunteer work （ 8）you are able to cope with new tasks every week．The second tool，appreciation， is in many ways the opposite of adaptation ． It's about focusing on something ，instead of letting it fade into the background ． It is only when you appreciate something（9）an enduring feeling of happiness will follow．Human beings spend a lot of time figuring out what makes them happy，but not enough time （ 10）（try）to hang on to the happiness they already have．This is like focusing all your energy on making more money ， without giving any thought to what you will do withthe most of the ones you've been given ．Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.15．（ 10 分）A ． coupled B． currently C． head D． depressing E． productF． targetG． suggest H ． capability I． score J． potentially K ． tricky Want to figure out if someone is a psychopath （精神变态者）？Ask them what their favourite song is． A New York University study last year found that people who loved Eminem's Lose Yourself and Justin Bieber's What Do You Mean？were more likely to（1）highly on the psychopathy scale than people who were into Dire Straits ．Over the past few years， Spotify has been enhancing its data analytic （ 2）in an attempt to help marketers （3）consumers with adverts tailored to the mood they're in． They infer this from the sort of music you're listening to，（4）with where and when you're listening to it ， along with third ﹣ party data that might be available ．Now ， to be clear， there's nothing particularly （ 5）about what Spotify is doing with your data ． I certainly don't think that they are working with shadowy consulting firms to serve you ads promoting a culture war while you're listening to the songs that （ 6 ）you might be in a casually racist mood． Nevertheless， I find it （ 7）that our personal private moments with music are increasingly being turned into data points and sold to advertisers．You can see where this could go， can't you ？ As ad targeting gets ever more complicated ，marketers will have the ability to target our emotions in （ 8 ）exploitative ways ． According to one study， titled Misery Is Not Miserly， you are more likely to spend more on a （ 9）if you're feeling sad． You can imagine some companies might take advantage of that ． And on that note ， I'm feeling a little down about all this． I'll（10）off to treat myself to something expensive ．Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word orphrase that best fits the context.16（． 15 分）The constant working engine that drives the majority of human action is，undoubtedly，the fragrant dream of individualism ．And while the presence of its scent is （ 1 ）throughout the world entirely ， its value is worshipped （敬奉）to such an extent in a land no other than that of America ．As the framework of its history ， America holds individuality as the ever ﹣ popular green light ， the essence of which becomes the symbol of hope for ， well ， almost everything ． In fact ， in America's current social status ， individuality has become something of a birthright，and a （ 2）applied upon the face of the media ， where it was （ 3）valued as the American dream ． There is no denying the popularity of this idol in American society，and little hope for（ 4）it ．However ，（ 5）most pride themselves in their individualistic state， perhaps humans， when stripped （剥）to their core（核心）， are everything but ．It is no new discovery that people are the sum of their experiences． The overwhelming majority of human experiences involve other humans， along with the （ 6）and relationships between them． It is a （ 7）occurrence when a life is built upon events without this stimulus ． Indeed， interaction is the core of experience ． Therefore ， in order that humans are the sum of their experiences ， they must be the sum of the people that they meet， just as well ．As an Americanized teen，I found the discovery that not only my self ﹣ entitled individualism was（8），but that I，as a being，was a product，increasingly unsettling to accept ． Questions （ 9）me such as "If I am bits and pieces of everyoneI have met ﹣ my family ， my teachers， all of my friends ， and even strangers ﹣ then whatis left that is just me ？ What part of me is just me ？ How much of myself is the combining of different parts of different people ？ Is such a （ 10）between myself and others even possible？ "Such are inquiries that will continue to be thought about，as I have come to accept that they will remain a（11）．Therefore，with the allowance of these questions，the response must be a （ 12）in the definition of "oneself"．The previously mentionedisolated island on top of an ocean of influence ．I realized that my personality cannot depend on a（ n）（ 13）between influenceand individualism ， as such is a line that cannot be distinct ．（ 14），I must be a person whose calmness is a beautifully hazy mixture ， and a steady question． Thus， it is the commonly unnoticed durable mystery that is the frustration of those who can （ 15 ）the lie of individualism ． Hopefully ， they will come into acceptance ．（1） A． unpredictable B ． untrustworthy C． unreliable D． undeniable（2） A． necessity B ． characteristic C． mark D． model（3） A． later B ． previously C． extremely D． publicly（4） A． destroying B ． appreciating C． chasing D． escaping（5） A． though B ． if C． since D． as（6） A． conflict B ． tension C． interaction D． cooperation（7） A． common B ． rare C． frequent D． strange（8） A． right B ． justified C． unclear D． false（9） A． affected B ． interrupted C． bothered D． surprised（10） A ． separation B ． combination C． contrast D． communication （11）A ． secret B ． mystery C． truth D． fantasy（12） A ． gap B ． belief C． factor D． change（13） A ． distinction B ． connection C． exchange D． medium（14） A ． Therefore B ． However C． Instead D． Furthermore （15） A ． break up B ． make up C． cope with D． see through Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A ， B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.17．（ 8 分）Charity Cycling UK recently launched a campaign to raise awareness of dooringpassenger opens the door into another road user ﹣ typically cyclist ﹣ without looking for otherroad users．Cycling UK chief executive Paul Tuohy told Gloucestershire Live："Some people seem to see car dooring as a bit of a joke ， but it's not and can have serious consequences． Cycling UK wants to see great awareness made about the dangers of opening your car door carelessly ，and people to be encouraged to look before they open ． "The charity says 2 ， 009 of the 3 ， 000 injuries were sustained by cyclists，resulting in five fatalities but says this might not be the full extent of the danger．Cycling UK says not all car dooring incidents will be attended by police，so the charity has written to transport minister Jesse Norman calling for a public awareness campaign urgingall car occupants， not just drivers ， to look before opening vehicle doors ． One of the waysthe charity suggests is the "Dutch reach" ， where people leaving a vehicle reach over and usethe non﹣ door side hand to open the door．Cycling UK also suggests harsher laws and advice on safer road positioning for peoplewho cycle ．Mr ． Tuohy said ： "In the Netherlands they are known for practicing a method，known sometimes as the ‘ Dutch reach' ， which we think could be successfully encouraged in theUK ． ""Cycling UK has written to the Department for Transport asking them to look into this，and highlight the dangers of‘ car dooring'through a public awareness THINK style campaign． "If you're really concerned about opening a door into the path of a cyclist coming behindyou ， consider using what's known as the "Dutch reach" to open the door ． That will naturally turn you in your seat and give you a much better view of what's coming up alongside in the car．（1）Why does the author mention the figures in Paragraph 3 ？A ． To cause public concern．B ． To report the terrible accidents ．C． To show the danger of car dooring ．（ 2）While doing the "Dutch reach" ， you should．A ． sit still in your seatB ． open the car door politelyC． use the inside hand to open the doorD ． use the left hand to open the car door（3）What can be learned from the text ？A ． Many people are ignorant of car dooring ．B ． The "Dutch reach" is well received in England．C． Dooring incidents are all attended by police ．D ． Drivers are to blame for dooring incidents ．（4）What's the author's attitude towards car dooring ？A ． Negative ．B ． Ridiculous ．C． Neutral ．D ． Concerned18．（ 6 分）Confucius InstituteThe Confucius Institute at the University of Minnesota offers several short classes on Chinese language and culture．★Class FeesThe cost of classes is 225（ 170 for Chinese Rehab）★Class CalendarThe Confucius Institute follows the University of Minnesota semester schedule． The Confucius Institute classes start a few weeks after the start of the University semester and last for ten class sessions． Classes are not held on University holidays ．The upcoming class sessions will be ：Spring 2018 ：February 1﹣ April 7Summer 2018： June 13﹣ August 25Tentative class calendar：The schedule may change due to teacher availability ．MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY Beginning I ， Section Beginning I ， Section Beginning II Intermediate IIA B6：00 ～ 7：30 p．m．6：00 ～ 7：00 p．m．6：00 ～ 7：30 p．m．6：00 ～ 7：30 p．m．Chinese Rehab Intermediate I Beginning III Intermediate III6：30 ～ 7：00 p．m．6：00 ～ 7：30 p．m．6：00 ～ 7：30 p．m．6：00 ～ 7：30 p．m．★Class CancellationsAny class not meeting minimum enrollment by four business days before the class start date will be cancelled and you will be contacted ． If we must cancel a class due to insufficient enrollment or any other circumstance beyond our control，we will offer a full refund or issue credit towards another class．★Contact InformationThe Confucius Institute is located within the University International Center on the east bank of the Twin Cities campus ． The University International Center is located in the Keeler Apartment building ． Enter at the corner of 17th Avenue S ． E． and 4th Street through the doors located near the "University International Center" sign．Office hoursThe office is generally open Monday through Friday，from 8：00 a．m．until 4：30 p． m．The office is closed daily from12：00 noon until 1：00 p．m．and is closed on allUniversity holidays ．Office Address160 University International Center ， 331﹣ 17th Ave． S．E．， Minneapolis ， MN 55414 Phone： 612625﹣ 5080Fax：612﹣ 625﹣5158Email ：confucius （ @ umn． edu（ 1）Chinese Rehab．A ． costs more moneyB ． is held on MondayC． lasts one and a half hoursD ． has four classes a week（ 2）To get information about the classes ， you can visit the office．A ． on Monday noonB ． at 12： 30 a． m．， TuesdayC． on Wednesday eveningD ． at 1： 30 p． m．， Friday（3）What is True about the classes？A ． The schedule may be changeable．B ． They can be one﹣ to﹣ one instruction ．C． They are held on University holidays ．D ． They start at the beginning of the University semester ．19．（ 8 分） Parallel worlds exist and interact with our world，say physicists．Quantum mechanics （量子力学）， though firmly tested ， is so weird and anti ﹣ intuitive that physicist Richard Feynman once remarked ， "I think I can safely say nobody understandsquantum mechanics． " Attempts to explain some of the bizarre（奇异的）consequences of quantum theory have led to some mind ﹣ bending ideas，such as the Copenhagen interpretation and the many ﹣ worlds interpretation ．Now there's a new theory on the block ， called the "many interacting worlds" hypothesis （假设）（MIW ）， and the idea is just as profound as it sounds． The theory suggests not only parallel worlds exist ， but that they interact with our world on the quantum level and are thus detectable． Though still speculative （推测的）， the theory may help to finally explain some of the bizarre consequences inherent in quantum mechanics ．The theory is a spinoff of the many﹣ worlds interpretation in quantum mechanics﹣ an assumption that all possible alternative histories and futures are real， each representing an actual， though parallel ， world ． One problem with the many﹣ worlds interpretation ，however， has been that it is fundamentally untestable ， since observations can only be made in our world ． Happenings in these proposed "parallel" worlds can thus only be imagined ．MIW ， however， says otherwise． It suggests that parallel worlds can interact on the quantum level ， and in fact that they do ．"The idea of parallel universes in quantum mechanics has been around since 1957， " explained Howard Wiseman ， a physicist at Griffith University in Brisbane，Australia，and one of the physicists to come up with MIW ．"In the well ﹣ known ‘ Many ﹣ Worlds Interpretation' ， each universe branches into a bunch of new universes every time a quantum measurement is made． All possibilities are therefore realized ﹣ in some universes the dinosaur ﹣ killing asteroid （小行星） missed Earth． In others， Australia was colonized by the Portuguese． ""But critics question the reality of these other universes，since they do not influence ouruniverse at all ， " he added ． "On this score ， our ‘Many Interacting Worlds' approach is completely different ， as its name implies ． "Wiseman and colleagues have proposed that there exists "a universal force of repulsion between ‘ nearby'（ i．e． similar ） worlds ， which tends to make them more dissimilar ．" Quantum effects can be explained by factoring in this force ， they propose．When asked about whether their theory might imply that humans could someday interactinteractions with other universes is no longer pure fantasy ． "What might your life look like if you made different choices ？Maybe one day you'll be able to look into one of these alternative worlds and find out．（1）According to Paragraph 1 ﹣ 2， which of the following statements is true about quantum mechanics？A ． It's been tested that no one in the world knows what quantum mechanics is ．B ． The theory of quantum mechanics is intuition （直觉） based．C． Quantum theories should be interpreted in many different ways ．D ． Quantum mechanics is valid and based on profound research ．（2）According to paragraph 3 ﹣5， the new theory "MIW" differs from the previous one in that．A ． MIW develops from quantum mechanicsB ． MIW suggests the interaction can be detectedC． The previous one is based on profound foundationD ． The previous one proves that MIW is imagined（3）According to the passage ， critics of parallel universes and its supporters mainly disagrees in．A ． the origin of these parallel universesB ． the foundation of these universesC． the reality of these other universesD ． the ways of how these parallel universes interact（ 4）The last sentence of the last paragraph implies that．A ． someday humans may live in different universes in one lifetimeB ． humans may make different choices simultaneously（同时地）and live in differentuniversesC． humans may live again from the beginning if they regret their life in this universeD ． life would be more unexpected ， but all you expect may be true in other universes Section CDirections： Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentencesentences than you need.20．（ 8 分）A ． What do you think we can do to prevent Chinese musicals from declining in popularity？B． At that time ， the musical was chosen as the opening show for the 17th China Shanghai International Arts Festival ．C． The box office is expected to be twice higher than that of last year ， reaching $1 million in total．D． The small audience size hasn't discouraged local artists from producing outstanding works ．E． The deal is a milestone for Shimmer in its goal to further spread its influence to the world F． Despite the huge success of Shimmer， the team is facing a limited market ．Shanghai Hengyuanxiang Drama Development Company and Netherlander Worldwide Entertainment signed a deal last November that would see Shimmer （《犹太人在上海》）become the first Chinese musical to have an open﹣ ended run on Broadway in 2019 ．（ 1）Directed by Xu Jun ， Shimmer is a musical in both English and Chinese．Shimmer，which tells a story about Jews who fled to Shanghai to escape Nazi persecution （迫害）during World War II ， was first shown at the Shanghai Culture Square in 2015．（ 2）The musical's scheduled open ﹣ ended run in 2019 will be one of the events to celebrate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States． With this play being shown on Broadway， the ties between Chinese people and Americans will be firmly strengthened． And through this drama ， the audience can feel the charm of Chinese culture ．（3）To deal with the problem ， many production companies in Shanghai have pointed out that they should keep striving for improvement by creating more Chinese musicals and by creating more audiences． Currently ， those who watch Western musicals in China are limited to a small group ﹣ people who have received a university education or have hadoverseas working experiences， white ﹣ collar and even gold ﹣ collar workers ． There are only a handful of people who understand foreign languages and you have to find a way tomotivate the public and get them into the theater ．（4）There has been a handful of successful musical stories in Shanghai ． The Chinese editions of Broadway musicals Cats and Mamma Mia ， both of which had hundreds of shows across China， are among the top box office hits ．Summary Writing21．（ 10 分） Directions ： Read the following passage ． Summarize the main idea and the main point（ s） of the passage in no more than 60 words． Use your own words as far as possible ．Gossip"Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday ？ " Lindsey whispers to Tori ．With her eyes shining ， Tori brags， "You bet I did ， Sean told me two days ago ．"Lindsey and Tori aren't very different from most students here at Linton High School，including me ． Many of our conversations are gossip and I have noticed the effects of gossip ． An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about． Usually ， gossip spreads information about a topic ﹣ breakups， trouble at home﹣ thata person would rather keep secret． The more embarrassing the secret is， the juicier the gossipit makes． Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie ． People often think ofgossipers as harmless， but cruel lies can cause pain ．If we know that gossip can be harmful ， then why do so many of us do it ？ The answerlies in another effect of gossip ： the satisfaction it gives us ． Sharing the latest rumor can makea person feel important because he or she knows something that others don't． Similarly ，hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the "in group"．In other words，gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority ．Gossip also can have a third effect： it strengthens unwritten rules about how peopleshould act． Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in agroup． For instance， if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore orwhat Jane said ， then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you thesame kind of negative attention ． The do's and don'ts conveyed through gossip will never showup in any student handbook ．The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation ． The next time you feel the urge tospread the latest news， think about why you want to gossip and what effects your "juicy story"TranslationDirections ： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.22．（ 3分）新来的员工经验不足，在解决顾客投诉时遇到了麻烦．（ have trouble）23．（ 3分）医生向病人保证，只要他按时服药就没有大碍．（ assure）24．（ 4分）尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他同事推荐的那个课程．（ despite）25．（ 5分）直到妻子与他离了婚，他才意识到他应该多抽一些时间陪伴家人，而不是一心只有工作．（ until ）Guided Writing26．（ 20 分） Directions ： Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese ．目前中国的移动支付（mobile payment ）非常盛行，越来越多的年轻人选择使用移动支付，有的人认为移动支付给人们带来了便利，而有些人认为这种方式存在安全隐患．请你谈谈对这一现象的看法．内容包括：1．简要描述你或你身边的人在日常生活中使用移动支付的现象．2．通过与传统方式的比较，谈谈移动支付给人们带来的利与弊．（参考词汇：微信Wechat；支付宝：Alipay ；二维码 QR code）2019 年上海市金山区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections ： In Section A ， you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation ， a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it ， read the four possible answers on your paper ， and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．（ 1 分） A ． 200．B ． 300．C． 400．D ． 600．【考点】 15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】 C【点评】略2．（ 1 分） A ． At a bus stop．B ． At home ．C． At the airport ．D ． At a supermarket ．【考点】 15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】 C【点评】略3．（ 1 分） A ． Manager and employee．B ． Teacher and student．C． Husband and wife ．D ． Brother and sister ．【考点】 15：短对话理解．【分析】略。
2019-2020学年上海市长宁金山区高考英语一模试题 Word版及参考答案
Ⅱ. GrammarandVocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.AGratefulPatientI took a job as a receptionist for a vet（兽医）almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition (21)U wouldn’t have to assist with a ny wounded animals. I didn’t have the courage (22) (watch) any creature in pain.At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day (23)a young man ran up to us holding a severely injured Doberman puppy（杜宾幼犬）in his arms and begging us to save his life. The four-month- old puppy had been hit by a car.The doctor and I ran back into the operating room. The only place (24)the skin was still attached to his poor little body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like hours, (25)(sew) him back together again. That was the easy part. The puppy had broken multiple bones, including his back.(26) he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again.The day forever changed my life. I became the vet’s assistant in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy. Weeks went by until one day he finally recovered.Fast - forward about a year. I walked into the clinic’s (27) (crowed)waiting room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a huge Dobermanran toward me. I found (28) pinned against the wallwith this magnificent dog standing on his back legs, his front paws（爪子）on myshoulders, washing my face withplentiful and joyful kisses!I still tear up in amazement (29) the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago. I went on to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since retirement, I have volunteered at a no-kill animal shelter. In all the time that has passed and all the experiences I have had, I’ve never met a dog who didn’t know that it (30) (rescue) in one way or another.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Marketing theMoonAn astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrong’s first lunar （月球的）footstep is deep-rooted in the minds of all humankind. But that first moon landing might not have been such a(n) 31 moment if it weren’t for N ASA’s clever PR (Public Relations) team.Richard Jurek is a marketing 32 and co-author of the book marketing the Moon: The Selling of the Apollo Lunar Program. He says NASA’s move to real-time, open communication made the 1969 Apollo 11 landing “the firs t positive viral event that 33 the world’s attention.”Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the military’s territory; that secretiveness carried over into the space agency’s early days. At first, NASA followed a “fire in the tail” rule, only 34 a rocket’s launch when it was successfully in the air. But as the agency evolved, it started announcing more details about the Apollo program. It 35 its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges, and shared launch times so people could watch. “If it had been run like it was under the military,” Jurek says, “we would not have had that sense of drama, that sense of involvement, that sense of wonder, that 36 .” Instead, all the PR and press promotion in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human spaceflightprogram into people’s living rooms and imaginations.As the drama neared its peak, NASA’s PR officials pushed for live TV broadcasts of the first humans to walk on the moon. Not everyone thought it was a good idea. The technology for live lunar broadcasts, and cameras small enough to keep the cargo 37 , didn’t exist at the point. Some engineers worried that developing that equipment would 38 from efforts to achieve the landing itself. But NASA’s communications team argued that telling the story was as vital as the 39 itself. Live TV would bring the American people -- and international viewers -- along for the ride.Come landing day, which 40 fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people worldwide crowded around TVs and radios for the historic moment. “We were able to come together and do something that was exciting and interesting and brought the world together,” says David Meerman Scott, marketing strategist and co-author of Marketing the Moon. “I don’t know that we’ve done anything like that since.”Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase thatbest fits the context.Ancient creatures likely evolved the stress response to better escape from hunters. But today its causes include traffic, deadlines and first dates. According to a 2018 American Psychological Association survey of more than 3,000 people, the top 41 are work, money, the economy and health.Although everyone faces stress, people react to it 42 . “There’s the situation, how we 43 the situation, and then our skills at handling the situation,” says psychologist William Lovallo of t he University of Oklahoma.44 experiences help us assess appropriate responses, so most people improvewith age. “A high school student or a college student might not have those 45 skills and might let a situation get out of hand,” he adds.Most 46 have normal stress responses, regulated to give the right burst of hormones（激素）and bodilychanges for a particular stressor. But others always over-or under-react, whichmay be a warning sign for physical or mental 47 . To study this, scientists often monitor cortisol（皮质醇）or heart rate variations throughout the day and during trying tasks.48 , the intensity of these responses seems to be set from a young age. Studies have shown that people who experienced childhood hardships -- including physical punishment and a(n) 49 home -- are more likely to have quiet stress reactions as adults. For example, as part of a study publishedin 2012, Lovallo exposed 354 participants to moderate stress. People who self-reported early-life 50 actually had lower heart rates and cortisol levels than other participants. While the study tasks were not important, the individuals’ under-reactions suggest their stress response may also have trouble 51 when it really matters. It can be just as 52 as an extreme response. Other research has found links between childhood conflict, abnormally low adult stress and substance misuse. Though the biology is not fully understood, it’s suggested that early - life neglect or suffering53 the body’s stress pathways.Even before birth, a child can 54 parental stress. The phenomenon is well - demonstrated in rats and mice, and some papers have shown the same association 55 . For example, babies born to mothers who survived the 9/11 attacks all had how cortisol levels.41. A. stressors B. responses C. secretes D. concerns42. A. appropriately B. differently C. normally D. mentally43. A. improve B. influence C. describe D. evaluate44. A. Valuable B. Professional C. Previous D. Constant45. A. coping B. living C. learning D. acting46. A. adults B. researchers C. students D. monitors47. A. functions B. disorders C. variations D. abilities48. A. By the way B. In some cases C. On thecontrary D. As a result49. A. independent B. distinguished C. unstable D. extended50. A. education B. experience C. involvement D. difficulty51. A. racing up B. showing up C. taking up D. keeping up52. A. impressive B. insignificant C. positive D. unhealthy53. A. smooths B. follows C. dulls D. destroys54. A. endure B. relieve C. increase D. inherit55. A. between B. in humans C. with society D. ofSection BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I live in a second - floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner of the house. House and tree have been here, side by side, for well over a century. No one really knows how old the tree is, but it was already there when builders started on the house at the beginning of the 1900s.It was still rather young and flexible back then, so it easily welcomed the new structure into its path. it bent and adjusted itself to make room, and tofind the space to grow big and strong and wise. Which means that some hundred years later, the solid, strong branches of the tree reach around two full sides of my home. It’s covered inmass（苔藓）, which is, in turn, crawling with all sorts of inseets. I have never seen the insects, by the way, I justknow that they’re there because of all the birds trying to pick them out. They are always hopping around, looking for this and that and singing songs.I feel like I have become part of the ecosystem. When I’m eating breakfast or making dinner in the kitchen, I can look out and see a bird hopping around skillfully, gathering its own meal while I tend to mine. When I’m sittingin the living room, reading or drinking tea, I can suddenly find myself face to face with another bird. We’ll be staringat each other and, after some time, decide we can both carry on with our business. Living side by side. Even as I write this -- the large windows open to a lovely, soft evening -- a white feather comes floating down by my side. Probably from one of the resident pigeons.As I don’t have the luxury of a garden, this tree makes me fell connected to the outdoors. Such an ancient tree, a tree that is itself home to many other creatures -- that feels different. It is as if it has adopted me and made me a part of its world, without ever asking for something in return. But if needs be,I know that it can count on me and I will protect it with all my strength.56.The flat that author lives in is .A.built in an ancient treeB. hugged by a giant treeC. decorated with branchesD. surrounded by a garden57.In the author’s description, she implies that .A.birds keep her warm companyB. she has been living on tree productsC. moss makes her flat nice and coolD. she has been bothered by the insects58.What does the author really treasure?A.A close - to - nature life.B. A luxurious garden.C. A spacious house.D. A sociable neighbor.59.Which of the f ollowing can be used to express the author’s feeling?A.Jealous.B. Inferior.C. Content.D. Passionate.(B)60.By “how they stacked up” in paragraph 1, the author probably means “how they _ .”A.make sense to manufacturersB. get stuck in storesC. are compared with each otherD. are piled up together.61.Which of the following devices favourably reacts to users?A.Dream-pad pillowB. Eight sleep trackerC. Smart Nora Wireless Snoring SolutionD. Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System62.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A.The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature.B.The Nightingale is an economical but perfect device.C.Soft music is applied to all these four devices.D.One in three people suffer from sleep problem.(C)An epidemic is the occurrence of a disease which affects a very large number of people living in an area and which spreads quickly to other people. Like infectious diseases, ideas in the academic world are spreadable. But way some travel far and wide while equally good ones remain in relative insignificance has been a mystery. Now a team of computer scientists has used an epidemiological model to imitate how ideas move from one academic institution to another. The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions caused bigger “epidemics” than eq ually good ideas from less well-known places, explains Allison Morgan, a computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and lead author of the new study. “This implies that where an idea is born shapes how far it spreads, holding the quality of the idea constant.”says senior author Aaron Clauset, also at Boulder.Not only is this unfair -- “it reveals a big weakness in how we’re doing science,” says Simon DeDeo, a professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not involved in the study. There are many highly trained people with good ideas who do not end up at top institutions. “They are producing good ideas, and we know those ideas are getting lost,” DeDeo says. “Our science, our scholarship, is not as good because of this.”The Colorado researchers analyzed an existing data set of computer sciencedepartment hires in North America, as well as a database of publications by these hires. First they looked at how five big ideas in computer science spread to new institutions. They found that hiring a new member accounted for this movement a little more than a third of the time -- and in 81 percent of those cases, transfers took place from higher- to lower-status universities. Then the team imitated the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious disease model and found that the size of an idea “epidemic” (as measured by the number of institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating institution. The findings were published online last October in EPJ Data Science.The researchers’ model suggests that there “may be a number of quite good ideas that originate in the middle of the pack, in terms of universities,” Clauset says. DeDeo agrees. There is a lot of good work coming out of less famous places, he says: “You can learn a huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people don’t know because they’re not even paying attention.”63.The word “this” in paragraph 2 refers to the fact that .A. So we try to push back the tide and keep up by multi - tasking.B. No wonder people say they’re too busy to see friends, exercise or sleep.C. Would it surprise you to hear that we have more leisure time today than ever?D. How can we learn to spend time in a way that’s more likely to lead to happiness and success?E. It’s something that economist have been puzzling over and they’ve identified several reasons.F. Then you will have fewer empty experiences and far ore that are worthy of your precious time.A. the time when good ideas were born decides how far they may spreadB. the quality of the original ideas tends to be not easy to maintainC. good ideas from less important institutions lack influenceD. scholars in insignificant institutions consider their ideas valueless64. The case of some hires in paragraph 3 is used to indicate.A. the statistics the epidemological model provides for the researchersB. why the originating institutions transfer their new findingsC. how they carry the ideas from lower - to higher - status institutionsD. the way the movements of some new ideas happen and their effects65. Researchers such as Clauset are very much concerned about.A. losing quite a number of great and creative thoughtsB. missing the opportunities of getting more well-knownC. misusing the epidemiological model in scientific research areasD. having difficulty in finding more proper science department hires66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Infectious DiseasesB. Original IdeasC. Idea EpidemicD. EpidemiologicalModelSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a propersentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that thereare two more sentences than you need.The Fullnessof TimeMost of us think we have very little time, but the truth is we actually have a lot - on average, five hours 49 minutes each day, which means we typically have somewhere between 36 and 40 hours available to be spent everyweek however we want. So why don’t we feel time - rich? 67One is that we earn more, so time feels more expensive. Then there’s the way we’ve come to see busyness as a status symbol: important people are busy, sowe want to be busy, too. Add to that the flood of incoming emails and texts, along with the endless ocean of possibilities, and it’s easy to see where time goes.A second factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others are doing, making us anxious. 68 This fools us into thinking we’re being more productive with our work time, so we try to do it with our leisure time, too. When we’re playing with out kids, we check Facebook. When we’re hanging out with one group of friends, we post pictures to show another. This is something sociologists call ‘polluted time’.We’re also addicted to our devices. In 2007, the amount of leisure time we spent on devices like smart- phones could be measured in minutes. Now, we spendon average 3.5 hours a day online. 69You might be wondering why you need help deciding how to spend your free time -- after all you know the sort of things you enjoy, so what could be so difficult? Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has a surprising opinion on it. “The popular assumption is that no skills are involved in enjoying free time, anybody can do it. Yet the evidence suggests the opposite; free time is more difficult to enjoy than work.” Worryingly, scientists have found that people are often no happier after a holiday than if they’d never taken one. 70 The question still remains unsettled.Ⅳ.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the mainpoint(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far aspossible.Cryptocurrency（加密货币）Making payments online is very easy these days if you have a credit card or a bank card that used a payment network. Sending money online to a friend, you have to use a payment service like Google Pay or PayPal, or make a bank transfer. However, there is usually a significant delay before the receiver can use the money, and transfers can have sizeable fees.In 2008, a group of people published a paper describing a process that would use crypto-graph（密码学）to create a secure electronic cash system, known as a cryptocurrency. Person -to - person payments could be made online using a shared network of computers instead of a bank or other financial organization. Each transaction could happen very quickly. The shared network of computers would also serve as the means to confirm those transactions safely. Getting rid of the need for a centralized banking system would open up the possibility for anyone to become part of the digital economy.Today, there are over a thousand different cryptocurrencies. Most are still trying to be valid global payment systems like Bitcoin. They are held back by problems affecting the entire cryptocurrency industry. One issue is weak security on cryptocurrency websites where users either store their electronic cash. The websites are struggling to protect their users from such thefts.Another problem is the large number of false cryptocurrencies advertised on the Internet. The advertisements invite Internet users to visit websitesoffering new cryptocurrencies. Many visitors are persuaded to buy their cryptocurrencies using actual money. Later, the websites disappear along withthe victims’ money. In response to this problem, companies like Facebook and Google are limiting cryptocurrency advertising on their websites.Ⅴ. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.我真的应该为自己失礼的行为向你道歉。
2020届长宁区高三英语一模答案
2019学年第一学期高三英语教学质量检测卷参考答案I. Listening Comprehension1-5 DADBC 6-10 ADBCB 11-13 ADA 14-17 CCBC 18-20 BADII. Grammar and Vocabulary21. that 22. to watch 23. when 24. where 25. sewing26. Even if / Even though 27. crowded 28. myself 29. at 30. had been rescued31-35 HFBIC 36-40 KGEADIII. Reading Comprehension41-45 ABDCA 46-50 ABBCD 51-55 ADCDB56-59 BAAC 60-62 CCD 63-66 CDAC 67-70 EABDIV. Summary writingCryptocurrency, a quick, safe and convenient electronic cash system, is a solution to online money transfer. However, it’s now challenged by problems. One is the weakness of website security, which gives clever thieves opportunities. The other is the loss caused by false cryptocurrencies. To protect users, websites are fighting against thefts and companies are limiting cryptocurrency advertisements. (57 words)V. Translation72. I really owe you an apology for my impolite behaviour.73. My cousin walks an hour to his company every day, not to save money, but to keep fit.74. Doctors suggest that we should drink water before we feel thirsty, and drink more boiled water instead of juice or Coke.75. It is disgusting/shameful that the website has long been feeding/satisfying people’s curiosity by revealing the privacy offamous people/celebrities.VI. Guided Writing。