2018届高三英语一轮复习语法专项学案：专题四--形容词和副词

热点语法四形容词和副词编者：巩玉香修编：王海虹语法要点精析一、形容词、副词的同级比较1. as+ adj/adv原级+as 与“not +so +adj/adv +as”表示同级比较如：He runs as fast as I.You should be as careful as your brother.Tom is as good as John in the ability to deal with such cases.二、形容词、副词的比较级A. 构成1.单音节和部分双音节词在词尾加-er或-est构成比较级和最高级。

如：happy---happier---happiest slow---slower---lowestbig--- bigger ---biggest2. 多音节词在原级前加more和most构成比较级和最高级。

如：careful---more careful---most careful slowly---more slowly---most slowly3. 部分不规则的比较级和最高级。

big---bigger---biggest , little---less---least , far---farther/further---farthest/furthestbad/ill/badly---worse---worst, good/well---better---best, old---older/elder---oldest/eldestmany/much---more---mostB. 比较级的几种形式1.比较级+than如：He ran faster than his brother.This book is more interesting than that one.Tom is a more honest boy than Peter.I am two years older than he.==I am older than he by two years.2. 表示一方不如另一方时用：less+原级+than = not as…as..如：His bike is less expensive than mine.==His bike is not as expensive as mine.3. “The +比较级+主语+谓语，the +比较级+主语+谓语” 表示一方随另一方程度变化，意为“越…越…”如：The more he eats, the fatter he will be.The busier we are, the happier we feel.The harder you work , the great progress you will make.4. “the +比较级” 两者之间较……的一个，常用于of /between the two…结构中如：Of the two boys, Mike is the taller.This book is the more interesting between the two.The coat is the cheaper of the two.5.“比较级and 比较级” 意为“越来越…”如：He is getting stronger and stronger.Our country will be richer and more beautiful .三、形容词、副词的最高级A. 最高级: 用于三者或三者以上结构：the –est/the most+原单词，如是副词，the可省略如：He ran (the) fastest and was the tallest among the runners.B. 修饰最高级的词：by far, nearly, the second, almost等如：The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.C. 表达最高级的其他形式1. 原级与否定句连用可表示最高级之意如：1) No one is as clever as Tom.2) I have never seen anyone who writes as carefully as Peter.2.比较级与否定句连用可表示最高级之意如：1) I have never seen a better film than this.=This is the best film he has ever seen.2) ---What do you think of his speech.--- He couldn’t have done better.3) --What do you think of the restaurant ?---We couldn’t have found a better place.3. There is nothing like n/doing没有比……更好的如：There is nothing like home.四、倍数表达法1.主语+谓语+倍数/分数/half ..+比较级than….如：This river is twice wider than that one.2.主语+谓语+倍数/分数/half.. +as adj (long,big/large, wide, deep, tall/height….) as=主语+谓语+倍数/分数/half.. the n(length, size, width, depth, height…) of如：The rope is twice as long as that one==The rope is twice the length of that one.3.主语+谓语+倍数+ what从句如：He now earns three times what he did three years ago.五、形容词（短语）作状语和副词作评论性状语1、形容词（短语）作状语表示伴随或结果，通常用来说明主语的情况，表示主语的状态、性质和特征等，但并不表示动作的方式。

He came to school this morning, very upset.2. 连接副词和修饰整个句子作评论性状语的副词，通常位于句首。

有时候也用于句中或句尾。

Thankfully, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.达标练习I.单句语法填空1. We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining_______________(heavy)2. Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea, _________________（fortune）neither of themcould swim.3. There was such a long queue for coffee at the interval that we _______________ (event)gaveup.4. I hope I will not be called on in class as I’m not yet _______________ (adequate)prepared.5.He began to take political science ________________(serious) only when he left school．6.---- Hi, Mark. How was the musical evening?---- Excellent! Ales and Andy performed _____________(skill) and they won the firs prize.7.Running a company is not ___________(simple) a matter of hiring people — they also need to be trained.8.As he works in a remote area, he visits his parents only ______________(occasion).9.---Volunteering is becoming_________________ (increase)popular in China.---Yeah, people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.10.Green products are becoming more and more popular because they are___________________(environment)friendly .11.In spite of ____________( repeat) wrongs done to him, he looks ____________(friend) to people greeting him.12.Frank put the mediocre in the top drawer to make sure it would not be _____________ (access)to the kids.13.Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a _____________(tolerate)smile and let him go.14.It isn’t socially _______________(accept)for parents to leave children unattended at that age.15.John is very (rely)——if h e promises to do something he’ll do it16.I’m so _______________(gratitude )to all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end_______________(happy) . （2015安徽)17.They gave money to the old people's home either _____________(person)or through their companies. （2015安徽)18.It was ________________(consideration)of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.（2015福建)19. Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was (former) alive.（2015浙江)20.The girl used to be shy, but is _____________ (gradual)getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.（2015湖北）21．These days strange things happened ___________________(frequent) in the small village, which caused a panic among the villagers.22．—You all like your English teacher?—Yeah, she devotes herself _________________(entire) to teaching and it earns her a good reputation.23. Although parents should take good care of their yo ung children, they don’t _________________(necessary) do anything for them.24. Already, she looked like she was ___________________(brave)than Larry had been then.25. ____________________(early)the treatment is given, _________________(good)the patient’s chances.26.Of the two cameras, I would prefer________________(small) one which is very easy for me to carry.27.One of the ____ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher, Ms Chen.28.Seated in a comfortable chair, listening to the peaceful music, you’ll be brought into a_________(relax) state of mind.II.语篇填空(用适当的介词或括号内词的适当形式填空)A.Some time ago, a friend of mine, who worked in a part of the city I didn’t know very 1_________ (good), invited me to call on him. It took me hours to get there and I took 2 ____________(greatly) trouble to find a proper spot to park my car. As I was already three-quarters of an hour late, I parked my car 3 ________(quick)．At noon, just as I was le aving my friend’s office, it 4____________(sudden) struck me that I had no idea where I had parked my car. I could hardly go up to a policeman and tell him that I had lost a small green car somewhere! Walking down street 5_______________street, I examined each car 6_____________(close) and was very happy to see a small green car just behind an old car. But how 7 ________________(disappoint) I was to discover that though the car was 8___________(exact) like my own, it belonged to someone else！Feeling quite 9 _____________(tire) now, I went off for lunch. Some time 10_____________ (late), I left the restaurant and walked down the street. Turning the corner, I nearly jumped for joy: my car was right in front of me, and there was no problem this time.BLucy likes talking and everybody says she is 1___________________ (communicate). She is 2______________(act) in answering the teachers’ questions and from time to time herclassmates find her answers quite 3________________(impress) and 4________________ (accept). Of course, not every student likes her, but she has many friends who think Lucy is a 5______________(create) and 6____________ (help) girl. For example, she once led a 7______________ (home) child to her home and made the child her younger sister. Besides, she spent 8________________(count) hours caring for a sick neighbor until she was well again. She is 9______________ (friend) to those who have difficulty with their subjects. All in all, Lucy is the most 10______________ (fame) girl in her school.。