液压与气压系统中英文对照

Hydraulic System ------ 液压与气压系统【中英文对照】Hydraulic SystemThere are only three basic methods of transmittingpower : Electrical , mechanical . and fluid power . Most applications actually usea comb in atio nof the three methods to obta in the most efficie ntoverallsystem . To properly determine which principle method to use 。

it is important to know the salient features of each type . For example , fluid systems call tran smit powermore econo mically Over greater dista nces tha n Can mecha ni caltypes . However 。

fluid systems arerestricted to shorter distances than are electrical4. The medium , which is a liquid,provides rigidtransmissionsystem .Hydraulic power tran smissi on system ale concerned with the generation.modulation, and control of pressure and flow and ,and in general such systemsin clude: 1. Pumps which convert available power from the prime mover to hydraulic power at the actuator 2. Valves which con trol the direct ion of pump--flow , the level of power produced , and the amount of fluid ———— flow to the actuators . The power level is determ ined by con troll ing both the flow and pressure level . 3. Actuators which convert hydraulic powerOutput at the point required .to usable mechanical power as well as 1ubricati on ofcomponent s , sealingin valvesand coolingof thesystems .and control5. Connectors which link the various con ductorsfor the fluid un der pressure tan k(reservoir). .system components , provide power,and fluid flow return topotential difference between the tool and the work piece is sufficiently high, a tran sie nt spark discharges through the fluid, remov ing a very small amount of metal from the workpiece surface.The capacitor discharge is repeated at rates of between 50,with voltagesusually ranging between 50vand 380v and currents from 0.1A to 500A.Mechanical controlincludes cams and governors. Although they have beenused for the control of very complex machines, to be cost effectively, today they are used for simple and fixed-cycle task control. Someautomated machines, such as screwmach in es, still use cam-based con trol. Mecha ni cal con trolisthe closely fitt ingmoving parts of pn eumatictech no logy of hydraulics2of the metal has been eroded away, leaving a small crater.The basic EDM system con sists of a shape tool and the workpiece, conn ected to a dc power supply and placed in a dielectric fluid this is one of the most widely6、Fluid storageand con diti oning equipment which ensure sufficientquality and qua ntityas well as cooli ngof thefluid7、pneumaticssystems required a lubricator to inject 。

a very fine mist ofoil into theair discharging from the pressureregulatorThis prevents wear ofHydraulic systems ale used in in dustrialapplicati ons such as stampingpresses , steel mills , and general manufacturing ,agriculturalmachines , mining in dustry , aviati on , space tech no logy , deep —sea exploratio n. tran sportatio n,mari ne tech no logy , and offshore gas and petroleum explorati on.In short , veryfew people get through a day of their 1iveswithout somehow benefitingfrom theThe prin ciple of electrical-discharge machining also called electro is or spark-erosion machining, is based on the erosion of metals by spark discharges. We know that whe n two curre nt-c on duct in wires are allowed to touch each other, an arc is produced. If we look closelyat the pointof con tact betwee nthe twowires, we note that a small portionused mach iningprocesses, particularlyfor die-sinking operations when theand W.when reading thevalues in the not possible to know directly how far thetool is from the partorigin. Just how far it is from the home position.mounted on exhaust ports of air valves and actuators to reduce noise and prevent operating personnel from possible injuryresultingnot only fromcompressed air, valves, and switchs to con struct simple control logic, but is easily slow. Because standard compaonents are used to con struct the logic, itis easierto build than a mechanical control.Pn eumaticcon trolparts aresubject to wear.As does a mechanicalcon trol, an electromecha nical control uses switches,relays, times coun ters, flexible. The con trollersand so on, to con structusing electromechanicaldevices.The values logic, it is faster and more controlare called relayin the express the relative tool distaneefrom the homeposition. This distanee is shown inthe relativeor in creme ntalcoord inates,exposure to noise but also from high — speed airborne particles.Thesig n of thecoord in ates is zero or n egative becausethe tool cannot move fartherthan the mach ine origi nthus at present , the values are zero so the tool is at the home position.The values in the are normallyused when setting up thetools inorder to find the real tool distances from the part origin.The values in the absolute position express the absolute tool distaneefrom the part origi n. This dista nee is show n in show n in absolute coord in ates, x and z .the sign may be positive or negative, depending on the quadrants in which the tool is moving. because of the compressibility of airit is impossible to obta in precise con trolled actuator velocities withpn eumatic systems . also , precise positioning control is not obta in able .While pn eumatic pressures are quite so far is to good. This is an important piece of in formatio n for the operator whe n mach ing, since any value in the absolutepositi on is directly related to the part.and man ageability . Fluid power is not hin dered by the geometry operati ons whe n the potential differeneebetween the tool and the work piece is sufficientlyhigh, a transientspark discharges through the fluid, removing a very smallamount of metal from the work piece of the mach ine as is the ease in mecha ni cal systems . Also , power can be transmitted in almost limitless quantities becausefluid systems are not so limited by the physical 1imitations of materials as are the electrical systems . For example , the performanee of an electromag net is limited by The saturation limit of steel . On the other hand , the power limit offluid systems is limited only by the strengthcapacity of the material .from the part origi n.real tool distances from the part origin.Industry is going to depend more and more on automation in order toin crease productivity . This in cludes remote and direct con trol ofproducti onoperations , manufacturingprocesses 。