美国黑人民权运动PPT课件
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“美国黑人文化”PPT课件模板
• 在苦难的岁月里，黑人靠歌声表达心中的悲愤，用民间 歌谣传递起义的信息，用诗歌抒发自己的心声。早期美国 黑人文学，表现了黑人劳动者的质朴淳厚、感情的深沉、 战斗中的刚毅和受迫害受奴役的生活，不少作品既有丰富 的思想内容，又有一定的艺术造诣。黑人文学的出现，使 美国文学具有更广泛的民族内容和更深刻的民主精神。美 国黑人文学真正开始于18 世纪，后在一代代非裔作家努 力下，经历了以休斯顿为领袖的哈莱姆文艺复兴（第一次 高潮，20 世纪20 年代至30 年代末），以赖特为领袖的第 二次高潮（20 世纪四五十年代），以诺主莫里森为领袖 的第三次高潮（20 世纪70 年代后）。
• 1938年1月16日，Bennie Goodman率领他的大乐队在纽 约卡内基音乐厅表演爵士乐，尽管，Bennie Goodman是 一个白人，但不止他的乐团里有黑人乐手，许多黑皮肤的 布鲁斯、福音歌手也参加了那次演出。这次演出已被看作 一座历史界碑，标示白人世界对黑人音乐艺术性上的承认。 然而，有骨气的黑人音乐家们甚至将这种“艺术性上的承 认”看作屈辱，这种态度令爵士乐史上最重要的转折点， 比波普，得以出现。那是上世纪40年代中期，一些爵士乐 音乐家决定证明爵士乐绝不是供白人取乐的世俗音乐，他 们甚至拔身离开爵士乐的种族性，而只去证实爵士乐的艺 术性。在多数客人已离开的半夜里，他们在酒吧登台，尽 兴地飙技即兴，看谁吹得更快更准，直到天色泛白。
二、福音与灵歌
• 福音音乐是历史上美国的黑人农奴接受了基督教的信 仰之后，常在田里祈祷，希望减少劳动的痛苦。不久 便演变成即兴的音乐表演。在奴隶制废除之后，黑人 们组织了自己的教堂，并把这种音乐形式作为教堂活 动的一种。20世纪中期，猫王把福音音乐引进到自己 的风格中，随后汽车城唱片公司将这种音乐商业化主 要强调有节奏的器乐伴奏和即兴演唱。
美国黑人地位变迁精品PPT课件
4. After the American civil war until now
美国黑人运动
“黑白分明”社会中的“劣等”人，种族隔离
白人顽固的种族主义思想 起因：1955 年12月1日，亚拉巴马州蒙哥马利城黑人R.帕克斯夫人在公 共汽车上拒绝让座给白人，被捕入狱。
马丁·路德·金 外文名： Martin Luther King, Jr.
→ 独立宣言(The declaration ofindepedence) 1776.7.4
虽标榜“一切人生来平等”，却只字 不提黑人奴隶问题，黑奴不完全是人， 仅是“五分之三”非公民，黑人的地
位没有得到明显改善。
托马斯·杰斐逊(1743－1826)，美国政治家、 思想家、哲学家、科学家、教育家，第三任美 国总统。他是美国独立战争期间的主要领导人 之一，1776年，作为一个包括约翰·亚当斯和 本杰明·富兰克林在内的起草委员会的成员， 起草了美国《独立宣言》。此后，他先后担任 了美国第一任国务卿，第二任副总统和第三任 总统。
5.2008.11.5，巴拉克*奥巴马当选美国总 统，成为美国历史上首位黑人总统。
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美国黑人地位的演变
The United States of America Black‘s status-evolution 1.before the American War of independence 2.during the American War of independence 3.during the American civil war 4.after the American civil war until now
African-American-Civil-Rights-Movement-美国黑人民权运动
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• Martin Luther King, Jr. (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American clergyman, activist, and prominent leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. He is best known for being an iconic figure in the advancement of civil rights in the United States and around the world, using nonviolent methods following the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi. King has become a national icon in the history of modern American liberalism.
black Americans. Detractors
accused him of preaching
racism, black supremacy,
anti-Semitism, and violence.
He has been called one of
the greatest and most
African Americans
6
7
• Malcolm X (May 19, 1925 –
February 21, 1965), born
Malcolm Little and also
known as El-Hajj Malik El-
Shabazz was an African
• Martin Luther King, Jr. (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American clergyman, activist, and prominent leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. He is best known for being an iconic figure in the advancement of civil rights in the United States and around the world, using nonviolent methods following the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi. King has become a national icon in the history of modern American liberalism.
black Americans. Detractors
accused him of preaching
racism, black supremacy,
anti-Semitism, and violence.
He has been called one of
the greatest and most
African Americans
6
7
• Malcolm X (May 19, 1925 –
February 21, 1965), born
Malcolm Little and also
known as El-Hajj Malik El-
Shabazz was an African
美国黑人民权运动
美国黑人民权运动（African-American Civil Rights Movement，又译为“非裔美国人民权运动”），美国民权运动的一部分，于1950年代兴起，直至1970年代，乃是经由非暴力的抗议行动，争取非裔美国人民权的群众斗争。
20世纪50年代中期至60年代中期美国黑人反对种族歧视和种族压迫，争取政治经济和社会平等权利，1954年美国联邦最高法院判定教育委员会种族隔离的学校违法，1955年阿拉巴马州蒙哥马利市，黑人公民以全面罢乘来反对公车上的黑白隔离措施，1963年华盛顿的林肯纪念馆广场聚集二十五万名群众反种族隔离，美国民权运动领袖马丁·路德·金博士发表著名的演说《我有一个梦》为民权运动的高峰，其他参与的著名人物还有麦尔坎·X （Malcolm X）等人。
百年前林肯虽解放了黑奴，但黑人平等的公民权在南方却从未获落实，直到金博士领导民权运动才获得成功，1960年代美国民权运动兴起，对其社会及留学生有很大影响，当时对少数民族及妇女的权力均受到重视，开拓了新的视野，金博士也因此获颁1964年诺贝尔和平奖。
战后头10年，美国黑人争取平等自由的运动只限于由美国全国有色人种协进会在法院进行的斗争。
1954 年5月17日，美国最高法院为改变美国在国际上的形象，就布朗控诉托布卡教育委员会一案作出判决：公立学校所实行的种族隔离教育是不平等的，违反《美利坚合众国宪法第14条修正案》。
1955 年12月1日，亚拉巴马州蒙哥马利城黑人罗莎·帕克斯夫人在公共汽车上拒绝让座给白人，被捕入狱。
因为她的被捕还引发了蒙哥马利巴士抵制运动（MontgomeryBus Boycott )。
在黑人牧师马丁·路德·金的领导下，全城5万黑人团结一致，罢乘公共汽车达一年之久，终于迫使汽车公司取消种族隔离制。
1957年，金牧师及其支持者组成南方基督教领袖会议，将运动深入到南部生活的各个领域。
美国黑人文化历史PPT课件
In 1964 L.B. President Johnson has signed "Civil rights Law".
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Your Subtitle Goes Here
Finally,They Won!!!
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Result
● It changed the life of the African Americans. ● It also have a profound impact on Americans' life and
Artists
Sports Man
PPreressiiddeenntt
8
Musicians of The Black
------Something about hip-hop
9
Music--------Hip-hop
First，Jazz Then,Blues Last,Rap---Hip-Hop---Hippie culture
In March, 1963,Birmingham, the request to cancel the entire city isolation system.
On August 28, 1963 250,000 people (1/4 for Caucasian) tomarch to Washington, the request "was freeimmediately".
Height: 184cm
Hometown: Mount Vernon, New York
Date of birth: December 28, 1954
Occupation: Actor, Director
美国黑人民权运动ppt课件
；.
5
• Although the roots of the movement go back to the 19th century, it peaked in the 1950s and 1960s. African American men and women, along with whites, organized and led the movement at national and local levels. They pursued their goals through legal means, negotiations, petitions, and nonviolent protest demonstrations.
；.
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Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr eventually became the leader of the Civil Rights Movement.
；.
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；.
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1964
• Congress passed Civil Rights Act declaring discrimination based on race illegal after 75-day long argument.
；.
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Education
• For every $150.000 spent on white children at the "white schools" only $50.000 was spent on African American children at the "black schools."
In 1985, an American company bought this toothpaste company and changed its name.
美国黑人民权运动
美国黑人民权运动百科名片美国黑人民权运动（African-American Civil Rights Movement，又译为“非裔美国人民权运动”，1955年—1968年），美国民权运动的一部分，于1950年代兴起，直至1970年代，乃是经由非暴力的抗议行动，争取非裔美国人民权的群众斗争。
目录运动简介运动背景事件源起领导人物事件演变运动简介1954年美国联邦最高法院判定教育委员会种族隔离的学校违法，1955年阿拉巴马州蒙哥马利市，黑人公民以全面罢乘来反对公车上的黑白隔离措施，1963年华盛顿的林肯纪念馆广场聚集二十五万名群众反种族隔离，美国民权运动领袖马丁·路德·金博士发表著名的演说《我有一个梦》为民权运动的高峰，其他参与的著名人物还有麦尔坎·X（Malcolm X）等人。
运动背景（Meiguo heiren minquan yundong）20世纪50年代中期至60年代中期美国黑人反对种族歧视和种族压迫，争取政治经济和社会平等权利的大规模斗争运动。
美国黑人是美国人数最多的少数民族，长期受到种族歧视，处于社会最底层。
第二次世界大战后亚非国家有色人种争取民族独立斗争的胜利的鼓舞以及由于工业化的进展，大批黑人流入城市，使黑人地位问题成为全国性问题，是运动兴起的重要原因。
1955年，阿拉巴马州蒙哥马利市黑人为反对公共汽车上的种族隔离制度，坚持抵制公共汽车运动达一年之久，使美国最高法院判决公共汽车上的种族隔离违宪。
此事件表明，黑人运动由合法斗争发展到非暴力直接行动的新阶段，是黑人民权运动开始的标志。
运动以非暴力主义为指导方针，采取抵制、静坐、游行、和平进军等方式。
1957年，南部基督教领袖会议组成，作为民权运动最有影响的组织，负责协调各有关组织的行动，马丁·路德·金任主席。
1960年，南部各州普遍开展在公共场所的静坐示威，显示出运动范围已越出某一城市的局限，主动冲击种族隔离制。
马丁路德金(中英详尽介绍)ppt课件
With this faith, we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With
this faith, we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful
3
背景
美国1861年的内战， 虽然解放了黑奴，但美 国的种族隔离仍然持续， 尤其在南部，黑人不能 入读白人学校、不能在 招待白人的餐厅进食、 不能乘坐同一辆公共汽 车、或必须让座给白人。 北部情况较佳，但黑人 的待遇仍然很差。
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遭受白人的白眼、嘲笑、羞辱
5
糟糕的健康状况
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7
美国的黑人在20世纪50年代，展开争取民 权的运动。南部一名黑人妇女拒绝让座给白人 而被捕的事件，激起持续的抗议行动。当时在 教会当传道人的马丁路德金（Martin Luther King），亦投入争取黑人民权运动的行列。
Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee.
Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi.
From every mountainside, let freedom ring.
的到来，那时，上帝的所有儿女，黑人和白人，犹太教徒和非犹太教徒，耶稣教徒和天主教徒，都将手携手，合唱
一首古老的黑人灵歌：“自由啦！自由啦！感谢全能上帝，我们终于自由啦！”
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Here he raised public consciou sness of the civil rights move ment and established himself a s one of the greatest orators in U.S. history. In 1964, King be came the youngest person to r eceive the Nobel Peace Prize f or his efforts to end segregatio n and racial discrimination thr ough civil disobedience and ot her non-violent means.
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8
Education
• For every $150.000 spent on white children at the "white schools" only $50.000 was spent on African American children at the "black schools."
• The civil rights movement was a mass popular movement to secure for African Americans equal access to and opportunities for the basic privileges and rights of U.S. citizenship.
6
2. Historical background
• Early in its history, black Africans were brought to America as slaves. They were bought and sold, like animals.
7
• Nearly 100 years after the Emancipation Proclamation, African Americans in Southern states still inhabited a starkly unequal world of disenfranchisement, segregation and various forms of oppression, including race-inspired violence. "Jim Crow" laws (美国针对黑人实施的 种族隔离法案) at the local and state levels barred them from classrooms and bathrooms, from theaters and train cars, from juries and legislatures.
• The parents of the African American children thought that their school was not treated as fairly because they were colored. They did not have the most current textbooks, not enough school supplies, and overcrowded classroom9s.
How can we call those black people
Negro
Spanish word "black"”
Negro / Nigger
Darkie
African American
Black
African American
1
黑人牙膏 Darkie
disrespectful
Darlie
In 1985, an American company bought this toothpaste company and changed its name.
2
African-American Civil Rights Movement
3
Outlin e
1. Brief introduction 2. Background information 3. Major events 4. Influence
4
Hale Waihona Puke What is civil rights
movement
• The civil rights movement was the largest
social movement of the 20th century in the
United States. It influenced the modern
women's rights movement and the student
"Black elementary school"
"White elementary school"
10
3. Major events
11
1954
• Brown Decision--Separation Is Inherently Illegal
The 1954 U.S. Supreme Court decision Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas ushered in a new era in the struggle for civil rights.
movement of the 1960s.
5
• Although the roots of the movement go back to the 19th century, it peaked in the 1950s and 1960s. African American men and women, along with whites, organized and led the movement at national and local levels. They pursued their goals through legal means, negotiations, petitions, and nonviolent protest demonstrations.
This landmark decision
outlawed racial segregation in
public schools.
12
1955
• On December 1, 1955
• Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat for a white passenger.
• arrested
• demand a more humane bus transportation system
• lasted for more than a
Education
• For every $150.000 spent on white children at the "white schools" only $50.000 was spent on African American children at the "black schools."
• The civil rights movement was a mass popular movement to secure for African Americans equal access to and opportunities for the basic privileges and rights of U.S. citizenship.
6
2. Historical background
• Early in its history, black Africans were brought to America as slaves. They were bought and sold, like animals.
7
• Nearly 100 years after the Emancipation Proclamation, African Americans in Southern states still inhabited a starkly unequal world of disenfranchisement, segregation and various forms of oppression, including race-inspired violence. "Jim Crow" laws (美国针对黑人实施的 种族隔离法案) at the local and state levels barred them from classrooms and bathrooms, from theaters and train cars, from juries and legislatures.
• The parents of the African American children thought that their school was not treated as fairly because they were colored. They did not have the most current textbooks, not enough school supplies, and overcrowded classroom9s.
How can we call those black people
Negro
Spanish word "black"”
Negro / Nigger
Darkie
African American
Black
African American
1
黑人牙膏 Darkie
disrespectful
Darlie
In 1985, an American company bought this toothpaste company and changed its name.
2
African-American Civil Rights Movement
3
Outlin e
1. Brief introduction 2. Background information 3. Major events 4. Influence
4
Hale Waihona Puke What is civil rights
movement
• The civil rights movement was the largest
social movement of the 20th century in the
United States. It influenced the modern
women's rights movement and the student
"Black elementary school"
"White elementary school"
10
3. Major events
11
1954
• Brown Decision--Separation Is Inherently Illegal
The 1954 U.S. Supreme Court decision Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas ushered in a new era in the struggle for civil rights.
movement of the 1960s.
5
• Although the roots of the movement go back to the 19th century, it peaked in the 1950s and 1960s. African American men and women, along with whites, organized and led the movement at national and local levels. They pursued their goals through legal means, negotiations, petitions, and nonviolent protest demonstrations.
This landmark decision
outlawed racial segregation in
public schools.
12
1955
• On December 1, 1955
• Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat for a white passenger.
• arrested
• demand a more humane bus transportation system
• lasted for more than a