2015考研英语翻译常见句型:定语从句

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定语从句的翻译句子

定语从句的翻译句子

定语从句的翻译句子定语从句的翻译句子定语从句是的难点,也是考研英语考查的重点。

下面一起来看看定语从句的翻译句子吧!一、前置译法如果一个定语从句在句中的作用是修饰和限定名词,那么通常就采取译为前置定语的方法。

但注意译成前置定语后既不能影响原文所表达的意思,还要使整个句子的表达言简意赅、连贯通顺、语气较强。

例句:Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses.译文:水是一种清澈的液体,有许多用途。

在前置译法的过程中如果定语从句中的.谓语不含有具体意义,可省译从句中的谓语。

这种译法很简便,也很有效。

有时候,出于汉语行文的需要和逻辑关系方面的考虑,可将定语从句提在主语之前翻译,用来说明情况,但不作为被修饰名词的定语。

例句:There are also great advantages that come from the variety of culture brought by settlers from other lands.译文:移民从个地方带来了多种文化,产生了极大的好处。

二、后置译法我们都知道,英语中很多定语从句都是为了连接两个具有共同名词的句子而存在的,因此在翻译时最好分为两个分句。

而对于起限定作用的定语从句,如果结构较为复杂,句子太长,无法译成前置的定语,最后就译成一个后置的并列分句,这样更合乎汉语的习惯。

例句:Our war against terror is a contest of will in which perseverance is power.译文:我们的反恐是一场意志力的较量。

在这场较量中,不屈不挠的精神就是力量。

结构较复杂的定语从句常译成后置的并列分句,在多数情况下要重译先行词,或即便句子不长,出于某种原因需要强调先行词,也要重译先行词。

例句:Days and nights are very long on the moon, where one day is as long as two weeks on the earth.译文:在上,白天和黑夜都相当长,月亮上的一天等于地球上的两周。

2015考研英语一真题-翻译题目及解析

2015考研英语一真题-翻译题目及解析

2015考研英语一真题-翻译题目及解析【翻译题目】46) This movement,driven by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.47)The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European people with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits.48)But the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes.49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the 15th- and -16th-century explorations of North American.50)The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia.【题目解析】46)本句重点词语:driven by 在…的驱动下,by its nature 从本质上,它的性质,shape做动词当"塑造"讲。

考研英语翻译技巧之定语从句[修改版]

考研英语翻译技巧之定语从句[修改版]

第一篇:考研英语翻译技巧之定语从句考研英语翻译技巧之定语从句一、前置法:把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面,可以用“的”来连接。

He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet. 没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。

Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore. 太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。

His laughter, which was infectious, broke the silence.他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。

二、后置法:把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面,翻译为并列分句。

(一)重复先行词。

I told the story to John, who told it to his brother. 他把这件事告诉了约翰,约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。

We wish to express our satisfaction at this to the Special Committee, whose activities deserve to be encouraged. 在我们对特别委员会表示满意,特别委员会的工作应该受到鼓励。

You, whose predecessors scored initial success in astronomical research, have acquired a greater accomplishment in this respect. 你们的先辈在天文学研究方面取得了初步的成功,而你们现在则在这一方面获得了更大的成就。

Although he lacks experience, he has enterprise and creativity, which are decisive in achieving success in the area.他虽然经验不足,但很有进取心和创造力,而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。

英语语法长难句讲义

英语语法长难句讲义

2015考研英语基础班讲义(语法长难句部分)考研英语长难句解析一、考研英语长难句之定语从句一、定语从句定语从句是英语中一种最常见的句型,它可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,即定语从句的关系词在文中修饰哪个词、短语或句子。

在主句中不可缺少的定语从句称限定性定语从句。

对主句起附加说明作用的定语从句称非限定性定语从句。

此外,定语从句和主句之间还存在着状语关系,说明原因、目的、让步、假设等。

例1.The change met the technical requirement of the new age and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders. (1996年真题)例2. The American economic system is, organized around a basically private-enterprise插入语或隐性定, market- oriented economy 分译in which在这种经济中consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.合译例3. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product.例4. The government promised to give preferential taxation policies and loans of low interest rate to those enterprises that could improve their structure of production and were willing to take in over 50 laid-off workers yearly.例5. The local government introduced the snakes into this area hoping that they would control the number of mice, which finally became the threat needed to be controlled.例 6.The environmental protection should be given priority which means the economic development would be lowered to some extent in a developing country.例7. She was confirmed to be infected with bird flu that calls for a quarantine and medical observation for weeks in the hospital.例8.In Europe, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.(2005年真题)二、考研英语长难句之同位语从句例1. The audience leraned form the internet the news that a serious explosion broke out in Xi’an a few days ago.观众从网上知道了这则消息:几天前,西安发生了一起严重的爆炸事故。

2015考研英语:定语从句四种翻译策略)

2015考研英语:定语从句四种翻译策略)

英语中的定语有两种:前置定语和后置定语。

而无论是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句都是后置定语。

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的主要区别在于限制意义的强弱之分。

然而,在汉语中定语作为修饰语通常在其修饰词前面,并且没有限制意义的强弱之分。

限制与非限制在翻译成汉语中并不起十分重要的作用。

英语中定语从句的往往非常复杂,而我们翻译成汉语中的定语不宜太过复杂臃肿。

所以,我们在翻译定语从句时一定要考虑汉语的表达习惯。

下面浅谈几种翻译技巧:第一、前置翻译法:把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面,可以用“的”来连接。

但前置翻译法往往适用于较短的定语。

如:Yao Ming is a basketballplayer who is ver great。

姚明是一名非常伟大的运动员。

第二、后置翻译法:把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面,翻译为并列分句。

其中对于先行词的处理有两种:1. 重复先行词。

如:I told the story to John,who told itto his brother。

他把这件事告诉了约翰,约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。

2. 省略先行词。

如:They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased。

他们制定出一种新方案,采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。

第三、融合翻译法:所谓融合,即把定语从句和它所修饰的先行词结合在一起翻译。

把定语从句翻译成汉语后其定语的作用已经不明显或完全消失。

如:There is a man downstairs who wants to see you。

楼下有人要见你。

第四、定语译成状语翻译法1. 译成时间状语如:A dr iver who isdriving the bus mustn…t talk with others or beabsent-minded。

司机在开车时,不许和人谈话,也不能走神。

定语从句及例句并翻译

定语从句及例句并翻译

定语从句及例句并翻译定语从句及例句并翻译是什么?相信很多人都想知道吧?以下是店铺为您整理的定语从句及例句并翻译相关资料,欢迎阅读!定语从句及例句并翻译定语从句的翻译方法主要有以下四种:前置法:把定语从句的内容翻译成“……的”,放在被修饰词的前面。

后置法:把定语从句的.翻译放在被修饰词之后,定语从句的后置翻译分为三类:由which引导定语从句时一般翻译为“这”;另一些引导词则在翻译时重复先行词,即被修饰词;还有一些引导词在翻译时可以省略不译。

融合法:将定语从句与主句融合为一个简单句的方法。

这种用法往往用在“there be”结构带有定语从句的句型中。

状译法:如果主句和定语从句之间有明显逻辑关系,则翻译为状语。

【真题例句1】Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.【解析】可以拆分为:Behaviorists suggest //that the child //who is raised //in an environment// where there are many stimuli //which develop his or her capacity //for appropriate responses //will experience greater intellectual development.本句的主干即是Behaviorists suggest that ...;that引导suggest 的宾语从句,动词是will experience;who引导修饰child的定语从句,动词为is raised;where引导修饰environment的定语从句,动词为are;which引导修饰stimuli的定语从句,动词为develop。

考研英语语法 定语从句详解附译文

考研英语语法 定语从句详解附译文

考研英语语法定语从句详解附译文定语从句是中国人学英语最重要的难点之一。

其实定语从句很有规律,总结如下:在关系代词中that既可指人又可指物、既可作主语又可作宾语,因此,除了在非限定性定语从句中,用that一般不会出问题。

关系副词的用法比较单一,它们从句中只起状语的作用,表示时间的就用who,表示地点的就用where,而why只修饰一个词,即reason。

定语从句所修饰的词叫“先行词”,因为它总是处在定语从句的前头,比定语从句先行一步。

引导定语从句的词叫关系词,包括关系代词和关系副词。

•关系代词:who,which,that作从句的主语whom,which,that作从句的宾语(可省略)whose从句中作定语以下情况只能用that,不能用which:i.先行词为不定代词all, little, none,any,every,no,much, anything, nothingii. 先行词有最高级和序数词修饰时(包括: the only, the very, the same, the last, the next等)iii.先行词既有人又有物的时候以下情况只能用which,不能用that;①引导非限制性定语从句(包括代表整个主句的意思时)②介词+关系代词的结构中•关系副词:when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语why指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语,只修饰reason。

如果用定语从句把两个句子合二为一:首先找出两个句子当中相同的部分,定语从句修饰的就是这一部分。

要把其中一个句子变成定语从句,就要把这句中相同的那个部分用一个关系词来代替; 代替时,先看被代替的部分是指人还是指物、再看它作什么句成分。

指人并作主语的,就用who。

或that; 指人并作宾语的,就用whom或that; 指人并作定语的,就用whose。

指物并作主语的,就用which或that; 指物并作宾语的,还是用which或that; 指物并作定语的,就用whose或of which。

考研英语考研英语定语从句

考研英语考研英语定语从句

考研英语考研英语定语从句2015年考研英语考研英语定语从句定语从句是英语学习的难点,也是考研英语考查的重点。

掌握考研英语的定语从句从以下维度的内容进行学习:一、定义定语从句是指在句中做定语作用,修饰句中的名词或代词的从句,其中被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。

当关系代词作定语从句的主语时,其后的谓语动词的人称和数取决于先行词的人称和数。

二、定语从句的结构定语从句一般位于先行词的后面,定语从句由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which,that, as和关系副词when, where, why等引导。

(一) 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

关系代词在定语从句中做主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

(1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中做主语和宾语。

例如:・Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)・He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。

(whom/that在从句中作宾语)(2) whose 用作关系词表示所属格,也可看作是关系形容词,因为它后面必须接一个名词连用。

不能单独使用。

例如:・They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

(3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可做主语、宾语等。

作宾语时常可省略。

例如:・A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的'繁荣。

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2015考研英语翻译常见句型:定语从句
1、前置法
把定语从句翻译到它所修饰的先行词前面,常常用“的”来连接。

(定语从句较短,结构简单)
He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet.
没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。

Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore.
太空和海洋是科学家们正努力探索的新世界。

2、后置法
把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面,翻译为并列分句,关系词可以翻译为先行词或者与先行词相对应的代词。

英语的英语从句结构常常比较复杂,如果翻译在其修饰的先行词前面的话,会显得定语太臃肿,而无法叙述清楚。

Although he lacks experience, he has enterprise and creativity, which are decisive in achieving success in the area.
他虽然经验不足,但很有进取心和创造力,而这正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。

3、状译法
有些定语从句,在逻辑上与主句有状语关系,表示原因、条件、结果、让步等,译成汉语中相对应的逻辑关系,翻译为状语从句。

He insisted on buying another house, which he had no use for.
他坚持再买一幢房子,尽管他用不着。

4、融合法
前三种翻译方法在考研英语翻译中会经常使用,而最后一种方法-融合法不太常用,仅供大家了解。

把主句和定语从句融合成一个简单句,其中定语从句译成简单句中的谓语部分。

In our factory, there are many people who are much interested in the new invention.
在我们工厂里,许多人对这项新发明很感兴趣。

There is a man downstairs who wants to see you.
楼下有人要见你。

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