托福听力课件
• Task 6: Academic task
Listen to the lecture with general information and two main points. Summarize general information and how it relates to the main points.
Score
/30
2. Independent Tasks 1 and 2
• Questions are based on knowledge and experience. • 15 seconds to prepare and 45 seconds to speak. • Task 1:
Make a choice within a category. Describe a person, place, object, event, or activity. Example: Describe the person you admire most and explain why.
no need to press NEXT or OK
6. Independent Tasks: Preparing
• See and hear the question. • Begin to prepare after the beep. You’ll see the clock count down. • Prepare simple outline using key words only.
Listen to a conversation about a student problem. Summarize the problem and suggestions made to resolve it. State which suggestion you prefer and why.
• One to two minutes to listen, 20 seconds to prepare, and 60 seconds to speak
5. Speaking
• Narrator will tell you to put on headphones and adjust microphone volume. • Computer guides you through speaking tasks.
• Language Use
appropriate word choice correct grammar including basic and complex structures
• Topic Development
11. Topic Development
• Develop topic fully:
Read a university notice. Listen to two students discuss the notice. Question: Which student has a strong opinion and why?
• Task 4: Academic task
Topic Statement
Main Point 2 Detail
• Integrated tasks:
Integrate information from a reading and listening passage.
Summarize and paraphrase.
12. Who Scores Your Response?
speak clearly. use familiar grammar and vocabulary.
10. Top Score Features
• Delivery
clear, fluid, and well-paced understandable pronunciation natural rhythm, stress, and intonation
Read a short passage on academic topic. Listen to a lecture. Question: Show how examples from the lecture relate to a definition or concept from the reading.
7. Independent Tasks: Responding
• Narrator:
“Get ready to answer the question.” “Begin speaking after the beep.”
• You will hear the beep, then see the clock begin to count down.
TOEFL iBT Speaking Overview
Section
Speaaking tasks
2 independent tasks 4 integrated tasks
Time
Total time: 20 minutes
Prep time: 15─30 seconds Response time: 45─60 seconds
• Task 2:
Make a choice between two options. Example: Do you prefer to study alone or in a group? Explain why.
3. Integrated Tasks 3 and 4
• Read a passage, listen to a passage, and answer a question on the relationship between them. • Task 3: Campus task
Answer question completely. Make a topic statement and support Main it with two main points and added detail. Point 1 Present facts in a logical order and Detail use transitions to connect ideas.
• 45 seconds to read, 75 seconds to listen, 30 seconds to prepare, and 60 seconds to speak
4. Integrated Tasks 5 and 6
• Listen to a passage and answer a question about it. • Task 5: Campus task
9. Integrated Tasks: Responding
• Narrator:
“Get ready to answer the question.” “Begin preparing after the beep.”
• Make an outline using your notes. • When answering,
Answer the question according to outline. Speak clearly.
8. Integrated Tasks
• Example: Task 4
Read and take notes on a short academic passage. Listen and take notes on a related lecture.
• Between three and six certified ETS raters score your response. • Response is scored from zero to four. • Final score is out of 30.
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托福听力题型 ppt课件
▪ 12、托福出题的顺序和文章顺寻完全一致，一定 注意干扰选项。
▪ 13、一定注意PROF的点评。
作为尾巴题出现what does the prof think of…
ppt课件
12
新托福听力题型（iBT TOEFL Listening Question Types）
◆Basic Comprehension Questions 1) Gist-content 2) Gist-purpose 3) Detail ◆Pragmatic Understanding Questions 4) Understanding the Function of What Is Said 5) Understanding the Speaker’s attitude ◆Connecting Information Questions 6) Understanding Organization 7) Connecting Content 8) Making Inferences
总括
▪ 题型:
▪ 2篇对话 （ conversation ）
12-15个回合（5个问题/篇）
▪ 4篇学术讲座（ lecture )
500-800单词（6个问题/篇）
在听录音的过程中做笔记帮助答题。
▪ 听力水平无疑是新托福成功与否的关键，除阅读外， 无论哪一部分都离不开“听”。对于中国考生来说， 听力却正是薄弱环节。目前中国考生提高听力的其 中一条有效途径是“听写法”，即把相关听力材料 拿来精听，并把听到的内容逐句写下来。也有专门 用来练习新托福听写的软件，如新ppt托课件 福听写王软件。1
ppt课件
4
▪ 7、品位高雅，音乐位居
a.强调学生的high taste：吃饭去意/法餐馆;用香水; 用天然的化装品;听音乐会;拒绝电视、电影。 b.提到音乐会一定去看;音乐会票一定难买; 音乐 会一定人山人海(过道都是人);音乐会的赞美无与 伦比(out of this world)。
▪ 13、一定注意PROF的点评。
作为尾巴题出现what does the prof think of…
ppt课件
12
新托福听力题型（iBT TOEFL Listening Question Types）
◆Basic Comprehension Questions 1) Gist-content 2) Gist-purpose 3) Detail ◆Pragmatic Understanding Questions 4) Understanding the Function of What Is Said 5) Understanding the Speaker’s attitude ◆Connecting Information Questions 6) Understanding Organization 7) Connecting Content 8) Making Inferences
总括
▪ 题型:
▪ 2篇对话 （ conversation ）
12-15个回合（5个问题/篇）
▪ 4篇学术讲座（ lecture )
500-800单词（6个问题/篇）
在听录音的过程中做笔记帮助答题。
▪ 听力水平无疑是新托福成功与否的关键，除阅读外， 无论哪一部分都离不开“听”。对于中国考生来说， 听力却正是薄弱环节。目前中国考生提高听力的其 中一条有效途径是“听写法”，即把相关听力材料 拿来精听，并把听到的内容逐句写下来。也有专门 用来练习新托福听写的软件，如新ppt托课件 福听写王软件。1
ppt课件
4
▪ 7、品位高雅，音乐位居
a.强调学生的high taste：吃饭去意/法餐馆;用香水; 用天然的化装品;听音乐会;拒绝电视、电影。 b.提到音乐会一定去看;音乐会票一定难买; 音乐 会一定人山人海(过道都是人);音乐会的赞美无与 伦比(out of this world)。
最新unit_1--新西方托福听力课件[最新]教学讲义ppt
![最新unit_1--新西方托福听力课件[最新]教学讲义ppt](https://360docs-1393072327.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com/9a056208ad51f01dc381f130.webp)
肌肉初长度 在一定范围内，肌肉收缩的初长度越长，肌肉收缩时产 生的张力和缩短的程度就越大。原因：
➢牵张反射 ➢肌肉本身有弹性 关节运动角度 同一块肌肉在关节的不同运动角度时产生的力量不同。
（二）神经源性因素
中枢激活
➢概念：中枢神经系统动员肌纤维参加收缩的能力叫做中枢 激活。 ➢水平低者：60%～ 70%肌纤维参与活动；
最大等张肌力检测
形式：卧推、蹬腿、屈臂、负重蹲起
表示方法：1RM
肌耐力检测
检测方法：以 70%1RM重量，重复练习，记录练习次数表示。
也可采用俯卧撑、仰卧起坐、单杠引体向上等。
肌肉功率检测 检测方法：立定跳远、纵跳摸高、小球掷远
Wingate无氧功率试验、Margaria下肢功率试验
三、等速肌力检测
➢概念：横切某块肌肉所有肌纤维所获得的横断面面积。 ➢它是由肌纤维的数量和粗细决定。 ➢一般，肌肉的横断面积越大，肌肉力量也越大，但是横
断面积不是决定肌肉力量大小的唯一生理学因素。 肌纤维类型
➢快肌收缩力量较慢肌大。 ➢不同项目运动员的肌肉力量特点不同：耐力项目运动员肌
肉含有较高比例的慢肌纤维，短跑和爆发力项目的运动员 含有较高的快肌纤维。 ➢力量训练，可使快肌和慢肌纤维横断面积和收缩力量增 加，但快肌收缩力量增加的速度和程度快于慢肌。
（二）几种肌肉力量训练手段的生理学分析
1、等长练习（静力训练法）
概念：肌肉收缩而长度不变的对抗阻力的力量训练方法
优点：肌肉能承受的运动负荷重量较大。
等长练习时神经细胞长时间保持兴奋，有助于提 高神经细胞的工作能力；可提高肌肉无氧代谢能力、增 加肌红蛋白含量、促进肌肉毛细血管的增生。
缺点：肌肉缺乏收缩和放松的协调；
托福听力考试题型(课堂PPT)
7
托福听力考试题型
四. Attitude(态度题) • Listen again to part of the passage • What is the attitude/opinion/ point of view of
the speaker? • What does the speaker mean? • Select the sentence that best espresses how the
题目类型：选择题，表格题，排序表格题
11
托福听力考试题型
六. Connecting content (内容连接题)
连接内容提考查考生对材料中各个观点之间关系 的理解力。这些关系可能出现在文中，也可能需 要考生自己推测。
• What is the likely outcome of doing procedure X before procedure Y? • What can be inferred about X? • What does the professor imply about X? 题型：填表题，事件排序题
解题方法：事实、描述、定义、原因、举例、比 较、强调、时间、数字，人名/地名、问答、 结尾
5
托福听力考试题型
三. 功能题
不是问讲什么，而是问为什么讲 做错这种题型的原因是不认真 此类题目的题干：
Listen again to part of the passage 问题类型：
why does the speaker say this？ what does the professor imply when he says this?
会重听，根据说话人的语气判断说话人的态度 9
托福听力考试题型
托福听力考试题型
四. Attitude(态度题) • Listen again to part of the passage • What is the attitude/opinion/ point of view of
the speaker? • What does the speaker mean? • Select the sentence that best espresses how the
题目类型：选择题，表格题，排序表格题
11
托福听力考试题型
六. Connecting content (内容连接题)
连接内容提考查考生对材料中各个观点之间关系 的理解力。这些关系可能出现在文中，也可能需 要考生自己推测。
• What is the likely outcome of doing procedure X before procedure Y? • What can be inferred about X? • What does the professor imply about X? 题型：填表题，事件排序题
解题方法：事实、描述、定义、原因、举例、比 较、强调、时间、数字，人名/地名、问答、 结尾
5
托福听力考试题型
三. 功能题
不是问讲什么，而是问为什么讲 做错这种题型的原因是不认真 此类题目的题干：
Listen again to part of the passage 问题类型：
why does the speaker say this？ what does the professor imply when he says this?
会重听，根据说话人的语气判断说话人的态度 9
托福听力考试题型
托福听力第二次课课件
如何记笔记记笔记• 竖着记• 快速，简单，易懂（符号/缩写/中文）• 选择性记录实词• 熟词记缩写，生词记声音• 适应生词存在，淡定记下首字母重要生词的三个特征1. 2、3句话内连续重复的n./v.2. 马上解释/提问解释的生词常见定义/解释/说明句型：I mean, that is, it refers to, that / which means, in other words, Let’s put it in this / another way3. 小黑板，图片重要生词的三个特征1. 2、3句话内连续重复的n./v.2. 马上解释/提问解释的生词常见定义/解释/说明句型：I mean, that is, it refers to, that / which means, in other words, Let’s put it in this / another way3. 小黑板，图片结构>细节为神马要分段？分段信号1. 长停顿，小黑板，长停顿+小黑板2. 学生插话，打断3. 语气词：Now, So, OK, Well, But…Another, Next point…信号之后几句话的内容为该段主题重要细节？2. 逻辑细节3. 举例细节细节题——强调细节1. 语气强调重读，重复，语速放慢，停顿、结巴2. 语义强调Interesting，Remember，Important，First，时间点，最高级，比较级，数字3. 问答强调自问自答，师生互动常见强调句型• What happened is…• The thing is…• One thing I should’ve mentioned is…• I mean…• Please remember / notice / keep in mind that…• Please pay special attention to…常见强调词有趣，惊奇：Surprising, Amazing, Exciting, Fascinating, Incredible, Unbelievable特别，特殊：Unusual, Particularly, Unique, Special, Especially, Peculiar, Strange, Distinctive记住：And again, Don’t forget, Be sure to重要：Essential, Significant, Crucial非常，绝对：Very, Exactly, Extremely, Definitely, Absolutely, Dramatically, Completely事实上，实际上：Actually, In Fact, Indeed。
最新unit 4新西方托福听力课件教学讲义ppt课件
• 4：劳动合同签订时企业的告知义务。 关于知情权是双方互为义务的条款，必须遵守。
第二节：用人单位在订立合同时的 误区
• 用人单位存在的误区表现在如下方面： 1：不签劳动合同对自己有利。 （1）：支付双倍劳动报酬的风险 （2）：自身利益无法得到保护的风险 （3）：导致无固定期限劳动合同成立的风 险
• 没有期限和反复的工作不得以该种形式签 订劳动合同；否则视为无固定期限合同；
• 以完成一定工作为期限的合同并不是劳务 合同
选择劳动合同期限的原则
• 1：有利于企业生产经营的原则； • 2：三种劳动合同合理配置的原则； • 3：长期、中期、短期劳动合同并用原则；
工作内容与工作地点的设计
• 工作内容的条款： 工作内容实际上是合同的核心条款，它是 用人单位使用劳动者的目的，也是劳动者 为用人单位提供劳动获取劳动报酬的原因； 一般要求：明确、具体。
劳动合同期限的规定
• 劳动合同期限的选择与条款设计 • 劳动合同法第12条规定：劳动合同期限分
为：固定期限、无固定期限和以完成一定 工作任务为期限的劳动合同。
无固定期限合同的条件
• 劳动法的规定： 20条第2款
• 劳动合同法的规定 14条第2款 14条第3款
以完成一定的工作为期限的劳动合 同
• 完成一定工作必须是可以终止的工程，即 法律意义上的“有期限的合同”。
• 无效劳动合同的法律后果。 1：支付劳动者工资； 2：赔偿劳动者的损失；
四：避免签订无效劳动合同的措施
• 1：了解劳动合同的特殊性，走出认识上的 误区。
• 2：了解相关法律知识，坚持合法原则； • 3：坚持平等原则，协商一致原则； • 4：借助外力，寻求指导。
第三章：新法律模式下的劳动合同 条款设计。
第二节：用人单位在订立合同时的 误区
• 用人单位存在的误区表现在如下方面： 1：不签劳动合同对自己有利。 （1）：支付双倍劳动报酬的风险 （2）：自身利益无法得到保护的风险 （3）：导致无固定期限劳动合同成立的风 险
• 没有期限和反复的工作不得以该种形式签 订劳动合同；否则视为无固定期限合同；
• 以完成一定工作为期限的合同并不是劳务 合同
选择劳动合同期限的原则
• 1：有利于企业生产经营的原则； • 2：三种劳动合同合理配置的原则； • 3：长期、中期、短期劳动合同并用原则；
工作内容与工作地点的设计
• 工作内容的条款： 工作内容实际上是合同的核心条款，它是 用人单位使用劳动者的目的，也是劳动者 为用人单位提供劳动获取劳动报酬的原因； 一般要求：明确、具体。
劳动合同期限的规定
• 劳动合同期限的选择与条款设计 • 劳动合同法第12条规定：劳动合同期限分
为：固定期限、无固定期限和以完成一定 工作任务为期限的劳动合同。
无固定期限合同的条件
• 劳动法的规定： 20条第2款
• 劳动合同法的规定 14条第2款 14条第3款
以完成一定的工作为期限的劳动合 同
• 完成一定工作必须是可以终止的工程，即 法律意义上的“有期限的合同”。
• 无效劳动合同的法律后果。 1：支付劳动者工资； 2：赔偿劳动者的损失；
四：避免签订无效劳动合同的措施
• 1：了解劳动合同的特殊性，走出认识上的 误区。
• 2：了解相关法律知识，坚持合法原则； • 3：坚持平等原则，协商一致原则； • 4：借助外力，寻求指导。
第三章：新法律模式下的劳动合同 条款设计。
iBT托福听力基本题型课件
What is Bode’s law?昶戆嗯中究琐彭耐燔矜笮
图片题
图片题的考法Select the picture that shows_____________?Select the diagram that represents____________?Identify the part of the picture that represents___________?
What is the lecture mainly abo
Gist-purpose questions:目的主旨题
目的主旨题的典型问法有：Why does the student visit the professor?Why does the student visit the ...office?Why does the professor ask to see the student?Why does the professor explain X?
重听题重听题的常见问法：Listen again to pa
重听题的三种常见考法
成语:多了解成语修辞:最常见的是比喻重听题考一般功能：听到什么选什么(直接选和重听的内容最接近的选项)
重听题的三种常见考法成语:多了解成语陷撂渖讣幕酎熵蹦济割攴瑾
就词组句式提问
就词组句式提问的常见问法：Why does the professor mention _____?Why does the instructor talk about____?Why does the speaker tell a story about_?Why does the speaker ask the class about____?
What reason is given for _____
托福听力技巧分析PPT课件
2021
(detail, support, example) TIPS：No inference is needed.
提问方式：
What problem does the man have? According to the conversation, what are two ways in which bacteria cells get resistance genes? Why does the professor talk about Plato’s description of society? According to the professor, what is one way that X can affect Y? According to the professor, what is the main problem with the X theory? What is X? What resulted from the invention of X?
2021
GIST QUESTION 主旨目的题（100%） pay attention to the first sentence! （name）
什么是主旨目的题？（what？） requires the listener to understand critical
vocabulary phrases or facts from several points in a text and to interpret to identify the key points of the text. Questions that test understanding the gist may require you to generalize or synthesize information in what you hear.
(detail, support, example) TIPS：No inference is needed.
提问方式：
What problem does the man have? According to the conversation, what are two ways in which bacteria cells get resistance genes? Why does the professor talk about Plato’s description of society? According to the professor, what is one way that X can affect Y? According to the professor, what is the main problem with the X theory? What is X? What resulted from the invention of X?
2021
GIST QUESTION 主旨目的题（100%） pay attention to the first sentence! （name）
什么是主旨目的题？（what？） requires the listener to understand critical
vocabulary phrases or facts from several points in a text and to interpret to identify the key points of the text. Questions that test understanding the gist may require you to generalize or synthesize information in what you hear.
托福听力PPT课件
➢ Read and take notes on a short academic passage.
➢ Listen and take notes on a related lecture.
9. Integrated Tasks: Responding
• Narrator:
➢ “Get ready to answer the question.” ➢ “Begin preparing after the beep.”
• Language Use
➢ appropriate word choice ➢ correct grammar including basic and complex structures
• Topic Development
11. Topic Development
• Develop topic fully:
• Make an outline using your notes. • When answering,
➢ speak clearly. ➢ use familiar grammar and vocabulary.
10. Top Score Features
• Delivery
➢ clear, fluid, and well-paced ➢ understandable pronunciation ➢ natural rhythm, stress, and intonation
托福听力PPT课件
本课件仅供大家学习学习 学习完毕请自觉删除
谢谢 本课件仅供大家学习学习
学习完毕请自觉删除 谢谢
2. Independent Tasks 1 and 2
• Questions are based on knowledge and experience.
➢ Listen and take notes on a related lecture.
9. Integrated Tasks: Responding
• Narrator:
➢ “Get ready to answer the question.” ➢ “Begin preparing after the beep.”
• Language Use
➢ appropriate word choice ➢ correct grammar including basic and complex structures
• Topic Development
11. Topic Development
• Develop topic fully:
• Make an outline using your notes. • When answering,
➢ speak clearly. ➢ use familiar grammar and vocabulary.
10. Top Score Features
• Delivery
➢ clear, fluid, and well-paced ➢ understandable pronunciation ➢ natural rhythm, stress, and intonation
托福听力PPT课件
本课件仅供大家学习学习 学习完毕请自觉删除
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学习完毕请自觉删除 谢谢
2. Independent Tasks 1 and 2
• Questions are based on knowledge and experience.
聂晋阳-托福听力课件_图文
动物适应性 Animal adaptation fittest
适者生存 Survival of the
物种起源 Origin of species
星系 Galaxies
银河系 Galaxy
太阳系 Solar system
星系间的 Intergalactic
恒星间的 Interstellar
大段独白
当某人连续3-5句独白处多出题 独白多为解释说明
建议及意见
教师和职员提出的建议和意见常在对话后方出现
对话纠结处
态度题/解决方案
特殊语气处
L: Actually, you need to return it today. That is if you want to check out those books today. That's our policy. S: Oh, I didn't know that. L: Yeah, not a lot of people realize that. In fact, every semester we get a few students who have their borrowing privileges suspended completely because they haven't returned books. They're allowed to use books only in the library. They're not allowed to check anything out because of unreturned books. S: That's not good. I guess I should hand back onto the dorm right now then.